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HISTORY 


OF    THE 


NINTH   REGIMENT 


N.  Y.  S.  M.    -     -     -    N.  G.  S.  N.  Y. 
(EIGHTY-THIRD  N.  v.  VOLUNTEERS.) 

1845-1888. 


W 

a 


HISTORIAN 

GEORGE     A.     H  U  S  S  E  Y. 

EDITOR 

W  I  L  L  I  A  M    T  ODD. 


PUBLISHED  UNDER  THE  AUSPICES  OF 

VETERANS     OE     THE     REGIMENT. 
NEW    YORK. 

1889. 


COPYRIGHT,  1889,  BY 
VETERANS   OF    THE   NINTH    REGIMENT, 

N.   G.   S.   N.  Y. 

(All  Rights  Reserved. ) 


••/:••    :  /.  '*••     /) 

.•   :^  ..•/•/.../ 


fRESS   OF   J.    S.    OGILVIE, 

57    ROSE   STREET, 

NEW    YORK. 


DEDICATION. 


MEMORY   OF   THE   MEMBERS 

OF   THE 

NINTH  REGIMENT,  N.  Y.  S.  M. 

(EI3HTY -THIRD     NEW    \ORK    VOLUNTEERS.) 

AND    N.    G.    S.    N  .   Y. 

•WHO    HAVING    SERVED    THEIR    COUNTRY     FAITHFULLY',    IN    WAR   AND   IN    PEACE, 
LAID   DOWN   THKIR    LIVES   IN    HONOR, 

THIS    VOLUME    IS    FRATERNALLY    DEDICATED. 


"  Oh  !    if  there  is  upon  this  terrestrial  sphere 
A  boon,  an  offering,  which  Heaven  holds  dear, 
'Tis  the  last  libation  liberty  draws 
From  a  heart  that  bleeds  and  dies  in  its  cause." 

— THOMAS   MOORE. 


PREFACE. 


The  Committee  having  in  charge  the  Publication  of  the  History  of 
the  NINTH  Regiment,  in  order  to  prepare  the  work  for  the  press,  secured 
the  services  of  William  Todd,  Esq.,  of  Albany,  N.  V.,  author  of  the  His 
tory  cf  the  Seventy-ninth  (Highlanders),  N.  Y-.  S.  M.,  and  X.  V.  Vols.,and 
of  which  regiment  he  was  a  member. 

Great  care  has  been  exercised  in  preparing  the  manuscript,  and 
while  there  are,  doubtless,  a  few  errors,  an  earnest  endeavor  has  IHTII 
made  to  give  the  ex-members,  members  of  the  regiment,  and  the  public, 
the  best  and  most  authentic  history  possible  to  present  for  their 
consideration. 

The  Committee  are  indebted  for  information  and  access  to  records, 
to  the  friends,  members  and  ex-members  of  the  regiment,  to  whom  they 
extend  hearty  thanks. 

BENJ.  F.  BOWXK.  GEO.  I.  BUXTON. 

JOSEPH  T.  HAI.LOCK.  THOS.  L.  HANNA. 

JOHN  T.  LOCK.MAN.  JOHN  T.   PKVER. 

WALTER  SCOTT.  EDWARD  SHANLY. 

RALPH  SHORROCK.  THOS.  W.  THORNE. 

WILLIAM  SCOTT,  GEORGE  A.  HUSSEY, 


ry. 


Chairman. 


NOTE    BY    THE    EDITOR. 


The  Historical  Committee  having  engaged  the  services  of  the  under 
signed,  to  prepare  for  publication  a  History  of  the  NINTH  Regiment— 
from  data  furnished  by  the  historian,  Captain  George  A.  Husscy — he 
entered  upon  the  duty  with  misgivings  as  to  his  ability  to  satisfactorily 
perform  the  task.  Fortunately,  the  material  furnished  was,  in  the  main, 
so  concise,  that  as  the  work  progressed,  he  gathered  courage  to  complete 
the  pleasing  undertaking. 

For  the  purpose  of  a  more  intelligent  understanding  of  the  part 
taken  by  the  regiment  during  its  service  in  the  War  of  the  Rebellion,  as 
well  as  in  t'mes  of  peace,  the  best  authorities  have  been  consulted — 
Government  Records,  Histories  of  Campaigns  and  Regiments,  and 

Monographs  on  special  topics. 

WILLIAM  TODD." 

ALBANY,  Janv.iiry  i,  1889. 


CONTENTS 


PAGE 

ENGAGEMENTS  OF  THE  REGIMENT xiii 

ENGAGEMENTS   OF  COMPANY  K xiv 

STATIONS  OF  THE    REGIMENT xv 

RECAPITULATION  OF  THE  MEMHERSMIP xvi 

ILLUSTRATIONS xvii 

CHAPTER  I. 

First  Records  Extant. — Disbandments  and  Re-organizations. — Colo 
nel  Van  Beuren I 

CHAPTER   II. 

Rebellion. — Secession. — Firing  on   Fort   Sumter. — Volunteering  for 

the  War 20 

CHAPTER   III. 

Muster-in    at    Washington. — Under    General   Stone. — "  Baptism    by 

Fire,"  at  Harper's  Ferry 36 

CHAPTER    IV. 

Under  General    Patterson. — First     Valley    Campaign. — To    Winter 

Quarters,  1861-2 5& 

CHAPTER  V. 

Camp  Claassen,  near  Frederick,  Md 86 

CHAPTER  VI. 

Under  General  Banks. — Into  the  Shenandoah  Valley  and  out  again.    104 

CHAPTER  VII. 
Under  General  McDowell.— Much  Marching.  .  ...    126 

[ix] 


X  CONTEXTS. 

CHAPTER  VIII. 

PAGE 

Warrenton,  Va. — Under  General  Pope. —Battle  of  Cedar  Mountain  .  .    142 

CHAPTER    IX. 

Battles  of  the  Rappahannock,  Thoroughfare  Gap,  Second  Bull  Run 

and  Chantilly 163 

CHAPTER   X. 

Under  General  McClellan. — The  Maryland    Campaign. — Battles    of 

South  Mountain  and  Antietam. — Reports,  etc 181 

CHAPTER   XI. 

After  Antietam. — Under  General  Burnside 201 

CHAPTER  XII. 
Battle  of  Fredericksburg. — Reports,  etc 218 

CHAPTER  XIII. 

Under  General  Hooker. — Winter  Quarters,  1862-3. — The  Chancellors- 

ville  Campaign 233 

CHAPTER  XIV. 
The  Gettysburg  Campaign. — Under  General  Meade 251 

CHAPTER  XV. 
Three  Days'  Battle  of  Gettysburg. — Pickett's  Charge. — Reports,  etc.    268 

CHAPTER  XVI. 
Tne  Mine  Run  Campaign. — Winter  Quarters,  1863-4 289 

CHAPTER  XVII. 

Under  General  Grant. — The  Wilderness  Campaign. — Battle  of  May 

6. — Colonel  Moesch  killed 312 

CHAPTER  XVIII. 

Battles  of  Laurel  Hill,  Spottsylvania  and  Cold  Harbor. — Record  of 
the  Killed  in  the  Campaign,  from  May  6th  to  June  4th. — Close 
of  Three  Years'  Service 329 


CONTENTS.  XI 


CHAPTER  XIX. 

PAGB 

The   Regiment    Returns    Home.  —  Record   of    Battles    and    Lossc.-, 

Therein. — Promoted  to  Commissioned  Office  From 352 


CHAPTER  XX. 

The  War  Ended. — Correspondence  between  Generals  Grant  and  Lee. 

— Record  of  the  Dead  in  National  Cemeteries. — Army  Songs.  ..   376 


CHAPTER  XXI. 

Official  Register  of  Officers  and  enlisted  men,  showing  the  service  of 

all  who  were  honorably  discharged 400 


CHAPTER  XXII. 

Reorganization  of  the  Regiment,   1864. — Colonel  Wilcox. — Visit  to 

Stamford,  Conn.,  1 869 502 


CHAPTER  XXIII. 

Colonel  Fisk,  Jr.— Encampment  at  Long  Branch,  N.  J.,  1870 520 

CHAPTER  XXIV. 

Excursion  to  Boston  and  Charlestown,  Mass.,  1871 532 

CHAPTER  XXV. 

Orange  Riot.— Reception  of  the  Grand  Duke  Alexis,  1871 546 

CHAPTER  XXVI. 

Death  of  Colonel  Fisk.— Interment  of  General  Anderson,  1872 561 

CHAPTER  XXVII. 

Colonel  Braine.— Armory  Completed,   1873.— Colonel  Hitchcock.- 

Centennial  Celebration,  July  3-4,  1876 574 

CHAPTER  XXVIII. 
Labor  Strikes.— The  West  Albany  Campaign 59° 


Xll  CONTENTS. 

CHAPTER  XXIX. 

PAGE 

Death  of  Colonel  Hitchcock,  1878. — Colonel  Ryder,  1879. — The  Regi- 
ment  revisits  Washington,  1881. — Colonel  William  Sevvard,  Jr.,  in 
Command,  1882. — A  State  Camp  Established,  1883 604 

CHAPTER  XXX.. 

Death  of  General  Grant,  1885.— Death  of  General  Hancock.— The 
Twenty-fifth  Anniversary. — Veterans'  Pilgrimage  to  the  Battle 
fields,  1886 6: j 

CHAPTER  XXXI. 

In  Camp  at  Peekskill. — Recovery  of  the  Remains  of  Colonel  Moesch, 

1887 646 

CHAPTER  XXXII. 

Reception  of  the  Richmond  Grays,  1888. . 657 

CHAPTER  XXXIII. 

Veterans  revisit  Gettysburg. — Regiment  escorts  Society  of  the  Army 

of  the  Potomac,  1888 665 

CHAPTER  XXXIV. 

Dedication  of  the  NINTH'S  Monument  at  Gettysburg,  1888 674 

CHAPTER  XXXV. 

Reunion  of  the  Blue  and  the  Gray,  1888 688 

REGISTER  OF  THE  COMMISSIONED  OFFICERS  FROM   1859-1888 713 

INDEX 721 


LIST    OF    PRINCIPAL    ENGAGEMENTS. 


1861.  July  4. 

1862.  August  9. 
1862.  August  20-23. 
1862.  August  28. 
1862.  August  30. 
1862.  September  i. 
1862.  September  14. 
1862.  September  17. 

1862.  December  11-13. 

1863.  April  29-30. 
1863.  May  1-4. 
1863.  July  1-4. 

1863.  November  28. 

1864.  May  5-7. 
1864.  May  8. 
1864.  May  9-21. 
1864.  May  23-27. 
1864.  June  1-3. 


Sandy  Hook,  opposite  Harper's 

Ferry,  Maryland. 

Cedar  Mountain,  Virginia. 

Rappahannock  Station,  Virginia. 

Thoroughfare  Gap,  Virginia. 

Second  Bull  Run,  Virginia. 

Chantilly,  Virginia. 

South  Mountain,  Maryland. 

Antietam,  Maryland. 

Fredericksburg,  Virginia. 

Fitz  Hugh's  Crossing,  Virginia. 

Chancellorsville,  Virginia. 

Gettysburg,  Pennsylvania. 

Mine  Run,  Virginia. 

Wilderness,  Virginia. 

Laurel  Hill,  Virginia. 

Spottsylvania,  Virginia. 

North  Anna  (Totopotomoy),  Virginia. 
Cold  Harbor  (Bethesda  Church),   Virginia. 


*+*  For  losses  in  engagements,  see  page  359. 


ENGAGEMENTS 

IN    WHICH 

COMPANY    K    (SIXTH    NEW    YORK    INDEPENDENT    BATTERY)    TOOK 

AN  ACTIVE  PART,  EITHER  BY  SECTION  OR  AS  A  \VHOLE, 

UNTIL    THE    TIME    OF    MUSTER    OUT    OF    THE 

UNITED    STATES    SERVICE    OF    THE 

NINTH    REGIMENT. 


1861. 
Bolivar  Heights,  Va.,  Oct.  16.         Balls  Bluff.  Va.,  Oct.  21. 

1862. 

Williamsburgh,  Va.,  May  5.  Seven  Days  Battles,  Va.,  June  25-July  i. 

Malvern  Hill,  Va.,  Aug.  5. 

1863. 

Kelly's  Ford,  Va.,  March  17.  Chancellorsville,  Va.,  May  2. 

Brandy  Station,  Va.,  June  9.  Gettysburg,  Pa.,  Julv  3. 

Shepherdstown,  W.  Va.,  July  16.  Sulphur  Springs,  Va.,  Oct.  12. 
Auburn,  Va.,  Oct.   14,  St.  Stephens  Church,  Va.,  Oct.  14. 

Bristoe  Station,  Va.,  Oct.  14.  New  Hope  Church,  Va.,  Nov.  27. 

Parker's  Store,  Va.,  Nov.  29.  Culpeper  Ford,  Va.,  Dec.  i. 

1864. 

Brock    Road,  Va.,  May  6.  Todd's  Tavern,  Va.,  May  7-8. 

Island  Ford,  Va.,  May  10.  Beaver  Dam,  Va.,  May  10. 

Ashland,  Va.,  May  n.  Glen  Allen,  Va.,  May  n. 

Richmond  Hill,  Va.,  May  12.          Ennons  Chapel,  Va.,  May  28. 


STATIONS    OF    THE    REGIMENT. 


June,  1861,  Brigade  of  General  Stone. 

July  and  /  Division    of    General    Banks,    Department    of    the 

August,  1 86 1,  )"          Shenandoah.  • 

September,  1861,  ) 

to  ,-  2nd  Brigade,  Banks'  Division,  Army  of  the  Potomac. 

February,  1862,  \ 

March,  1862  '-  2nc*    Brigade,  ist    Division,  5th   Corps,  Army  of   the 
\           Potomac. 

April    iS6->     '  /  Abercrombie's  Brigade,  Department  of  the  Shenan- 
\           doah. 

.-lay  and  /  3d     Brigade,     2nd     Division,     Department     of     the 

june,  1862,  \"          Rappahannock. 

July  and  }  3d    Brigade,    2nd     Division,    3^!     Corps,    Army     of 

August,  1862,  i"          Virginia. 

September,  1862,  ) 

to  r^  3d   Brigade,  2nd  Division,   ist  Corps,  Army  of  the 

May,  1863,  )           Potcmac. 

r  2nd  Brigade,  2nd   Division,  ist  Corps,  Army  of  the 

February,  1864,  i           Potomac. 

March,  1864,  ) 

to  f  me.   Brigade,  2nd  Division,  5th  Corps,  Army  of  the 

June,  1864,  )'           Potomac. 


XVI 


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ILLUSTRATIONS. 


T.  New  York  State  Flag.     Frontispiece i 

2.  Colonel  Stiles,  1861-3.     Portrait 28 

3.  Model  Camp,  Rockville,  Md 48 

4.  Harper's  Ferry,  Va.     Battlefield  Map 54 

5.  Camp  Claassen,  Frederick,  Md 86 

6.  Bull  Run,  1862.     Battlefield  Map 172 

7.  South  Mountain,  Md.     Battlefield  Map :88 

8.  Antietam,  Md.     Battlefield  Map ]  94 

9.  Fredericksburg,  Va.     Battlefield  Map 224 

10.  Colonel  Hendrickson,  1863.      Portrait 256 

11.  Gettysburg,  Pa.     Battlefield  Map,   No.  i 270 

1 2.  Gettysburg,   Pa.     Battlefield  Map,  No.  2 278 

13.  Colonel  Moesch,  1863-4.      Portrait 280 

14.  Chancellorsville,   Wilderness,   Laurel 

15.  Hill  and  Spottsylvania,  Va.     Battlefields  Map 326 

16.  Seat  of  War  in  Pa.,  Md.  and  Va.     Map  No.  i 350 

1 7.  Seat  of  W7ar  in  Virginia.     Map  No.  2 350 

1 8.  Colonel   Davis,   1863-4.     Portrait 504 

19.  Colonel  Wilcox,  1864-9.     Portrait 506 

20.  Colonel    Fisk,    1870-2.      Portrait 520 

21.  Colonel   Braine,  1872-5.      Portrait 572 

22.  Colonel   Hitchcock,  1875-8.     Portrait 580 

23  Colonel  Ryder,  1879-82.      Portrait 606 

24.  Colonel  Seward,  1 882.     Portrait 616 

25.  Monument   at   Gettysburg.  Pa 684 


THE    NINTH    NEW   YORK- 


CHAPTER  i. 

FIRST  RECORDS  EXTANT, 
1814—1845—1860. 


The  Oldest  Survivor,  General  Samuel  I.  Hunt. — The  New  York  State  Militia. — Regis 
ter  of  Officers  of  the  NINTH  in  1845.— Disbanded  in  1850.— Formation  of  the  Irish 
NINTH.— Celebrating  St.  Patrick's  Day.— The  Wheel  within  a  Wheel— Disbanded 
Again.— The  Fifty-fifth  N.  Y.  S.  M.— Re-organization.— General  Orders. — Cap 
tain  Mansfield  Lovell.— Register  of  Officers,  June  25,  1859.— Washington's  Birth 
day,  1860. — Surgeons  and  Chaplains  in  the  Militia. — Reception  of  the  Japanese 
Embassy. — Fourth  of  July. — Reception  of  Ellsworth's  Chicago  Cadets  and  the 
Savannah  Republican  Blues.— The  NINTH  would  visit  Great  Britain. — Company 
A's  Reception. — Visit  of  the  Prince  of  Wales. — Company  C's  Target  Practice 
with  Sea-coast  Guns. 

TN  December,  1887,  there  appeared  in  the  columns  of  the 
New  York  Tribune,  a  sketch  of  the  life  of  General  Samuel 
I.  Hunt,  who  had  died  on  Sunday,  the  4th  of  the  month,  in  the 
ninety-fifth  year  of  his  age.  In  the  account  it  is  stated  that 
•"Mr.  Hunt  enlisted  as  a  private  in  August,  1814,  in  the  old 
NIXTII  Regiment,  served  as  Sergeant,  Lieutenant,  and  in 
other  positions  until  1824,  when  he  was  elected  Colonel.  He 
resigned  in  1828."  Colonel  Hunt  was  made  a  Brigadier-Gen- 

o  o 

eral  in  1834.      General  Hunt  was  certainly  the  oldest  survivor 
of  the  NINTH  Regiment  of  that  period. 


2  THE    NINTH    NEW    YORK.  1845 

During  the  early  history  of  the  New  York  State  Militia, 
the  State  was  divided  into  about  two  hundred  and  sixty-nine 
regimental  districts,  in  each  of  which  the  arms-bearing  popu 
lation  was  enrolled  in  regiments  designated  by  the  number  of 
the  district.  In  only  a  few  of  the  districts,  however,  were  the 
members  uniformed  or  armed. 

But  little  knowledge  respecting  the  early  history  of  the 
original  NINTH  Regiment  can  be  obtained,  except  possibly  by 
delving  into  old  musty  records,  some  dating  back  of  1812. 
This  is  believed  not  to  be  now  necessary,  or  desired.  In 
1845,  the  Seventeenth  Ward  of  New  York  City  constituted 
the  NINTH  regimental  district.  The  Military  and  Naval 
Chronicle,  of  August  gth,  of  that  year,  gives  the  following  reg 
ister  of  the  commissioned  officers  of  the  regiment  at  that 

time  : 

Field  and  Staff. 

Colonel,  James  Langdon  Curtis  ;  Lieutenant-Colonel, 
EBenezer  Jessup,  Jr.;  Major,  Thomas  Walden  ;  Adjutant, 
William  H.  Disbrow  ;  Quartermaster,  Edward  T.  Northam  ; 
Paymaster,  Daniel  H.  Burnett ;  Chaplain,  Erasmus  D.  Foote  ;. 

Surgeon, . 

Company  A. 

Captain,  John  C.  Helme  ;  First  Lieutenant,  Richard  H. 
Thompson  ;  Second  Lieutenant,  Abram  J.  Post. 

Company  B. 

Captain,  George  A.  Trowbridge  ;  First  Lieutenant,  Stephen 
H.  Cornell  ;  Second  Lieutenant,  C.  W.  Atwood. 

Company   C. 

Captain,  — ;  First  Lieutenant,  Philip  E.  Walden  ; 
Second  Lieutenant,  -  — . 

Company  D. 

Captain,  Sidney  C.  Sloane ;  First  Lieutenant,  — ; 
Second  Lieutenant,  Robert  Cottier. 

Company  E. 

Captain,  Amos  S.  Chamberlain  ;  First  Lieutenant.  M.  R. 
Pittman  ;  Second  Lieutenant,  Moses  E.  Crasto. 


FIRST    DISBANDMENT.  3 

Company  F. 

Captain,  John  N.  Hay  ward  ;  First  Lieutenant,  John  I. 
Ireland  ;  Second  Lieutenant,  E.  T.  Butterwinkle. 

Company  G. 

Captain,  David  Sherwood;  First  Lieutenant,  Jacob  L. 
Seabing  ;  Second  Lieutenant,  Andrew  P.  Van  Tuyle. 

Company  H. 

Captain,  Francis  Tillon  ;  First  Lieutenant,  -  — ;  Second 
Lieutenant,  Henry  II  Melville. 

Company   I   (Lancers). 

Captain,  Bernard  Hannigan  ;  First  Lieutenant,  Phillip 
McArdle ;  Second  Lieutenant,  Patrick  Kelley ;  Third  Lieu 
tenant,  Albert  H.  Nicolay. 

On  May  6th,  1847,  by  an  act  of  the  Legislature,  the  First 
Division,  N.  Y.  S.  M.,  was  organized. 

On  the  2;th  of  May,  1850,  by  orders  from  the  Adjutant- 
General's  office,  the  regiment  was  disbanded  ;  and  Companies 
B,  E  and  F,  by  orders  No.  3,  from  Brig.-Gen.  William  Hall, 
were  transferred  to  the  8th  Regiment,  N.  Y  S.  M. 

From  a  sketch  of  the  life  of  Captain  Michael  Phelan,  writ 
ten  by  Mr.  Michael  Cavanagh,  and  published  in  the  Celtic 
Magazine,  June,  1882,  we  cull  the  following  facts  respectino- 
-a  re  organization  of  the  NINTH  Regiment  : 

In  1848,  immediately  after  the  receipt  of  the  news  of  a 
revolution  in  France,  a  meeting  of  expatriated  Irishmen  was 
held  at  the  Shakespeare  hotel  in  the  city  of  New  York,  to  dis 
cuss  the  situation  in  Ireland,  and  endeavor  to  decide  upon  the 
best  means  for  accomplishing  the  freedom  of  that  unhappy 
land.  Many  eloquent  speeches  were  made,  notable  among 
which  was  one  by  Michael  T.  O'Connor,  who,  upon  conclud 
ing,  was  asked  by  Michael  Phelan  the  pertinent  question  : 
"'  Can  you  fight  as  well  as  you  have  spoken  ?" 

Upon  it  being  announced  that  a  brigade  was  to  be.  formed 
under  the  title  of  "  Irish  Republican  Union,"  Mr.  O'Connor 
heartily  approved  the  movement  and  headed  the  roll  with  his 


4  THE    NINTH     NEW    YORK.  1850 

signature.  Mr.  Phelan  was  next,  and  among  others  were  John 
G.  Fay  and  James  F.  Markey. 

To  the  latter  belongs  the  credit  of  having  organized  the 
first  company,  which  was  called  the  "  Mitchell  Guard,"  recruited 
almost  entirely  from  dealers  in  Washington  Market.  When 
in  1850  this  company  was  enrolled  in  the  State  Militia  it  was 
known  as  Company  C,  NINTH  Regiment. 

The  summer  of  1848  was  a  busy  one  to  those  interested  in 
this  movement.  At  a  meeting  held  on  August  i4th.,  and 

*n  t_>  i 

which  was  attended  by  Archbishop  Hughes,  that  distinguished 
prelate  gave  in  his  adhesion,  and  supplemented  his  eloquent 
address  on  the  subject  of  Human  Freedom,  by  a  subscription 
of  five  hundred  dollars. 

The  "  Irish  Republican  Union  "  had  maintained  its  distinct 
ive  character  for  over  a  year,  when,  for  obvious  reasons,  it  was 
deemed  advisable  by  its  founders,  and  such  other  prominent 
Irish  refugees  as  had  meanwhile  arrived  in  New  York,  to  have 
the  organization  incorporated  as  a  part  of  the  New  York  State 
Militia,  and  towards  the  close  of  1849,  the  brigade  was  divided 
into  companies  and  officered  in  accordance  with  the  militia 
laws.  Each  company  of  this  incipient  "  Army  of  Liberation  " 
adopted  as  a  special  designation,  the  name  of  some  distin 
guished  Irishman.  The  one  with  which  Mr.  Phelan  connected 
himself,  and  of  which  he  was  chosen  captain  in  November,  was 
called  "  Guyon  Guards."  Mr.  Thomas  Murphy  was  elected 
Orderly  Sergeant. 

On  May  29th,  1850,  the  members  were  mustered  into  the 
service  of  the  State  of  New  York  as  the  NINTH  Regiment, 
N.  Y.  S.  M.  Colonel  James  Heuston  and  Messrs.  John 
Savage,  Michael  Doheny,  Thomas  Devin  Reilly,  and  Joseph 
Brenan,  refugees  of  '48,  also  joined  the  organization. 

On  March  i  7th,  1851,  the  NINTH  Regiment  celebrated  the 
birthday  of  Ireland's  Patron  Saint  by  a  parade  in  New  York 
and  Brooklyn.  The  day  was  the  most  inclement  "  Patrick's 
Day"  in  the  memory  of  old  New  Yorkers;  rain  and  sleet 
poured  down  without  intermission,  and  caused  some  of  the 
officers  to  remonstrate  with  Captain  Phelan — who  was  in  com- 


l855  THE    S.     K  S.  r 

mand — against  the  parade  taking  place;  the  Captain,  with  his 
accustomed  decision  replied  :  "  I  have  paid  the  band,  and  will 
follow  it,  if  necessary,  alone  !"  Thus  was  inaugurated  the 
military  celebration  of  St.  Patrick's  Day  on  the  American 
Continent. 

From  what  has  been  said  respecting  the  personnel  of  the 
NINTH  Regiment,  it  will  be  seen  that  the  elements  which  gave' 
life  and  soul  to  the  organization,  was  composed  of  those  who 
sympathized  with  the  condition  of  Ireland,  and  who  hoped  to 
be  able,  soon,  to  render  signal  service  to  their  native  country. 
These  men  had  also  formed  themselves  into  a  secret  oro-aniza- 

^ 

tion,  known  as  the  "  S.  F.'s,"  each  member  being  pledged  to  aid 
personally  in  revolutionizing  Ireland.  Captain  Phelan  held 
the  position  of  communicating  officer,  as  well  as  the  open 
command  of  Company  D,  and  continued  to  exercise  the  duties 
devolving  upon  him  in  this  dual  capacity — once  visiting  Ire 
land — until  November  22nd,  1854,  when  he  resigned  his  com 
mission  in  the  State  Militia. 

Sergeant  Murphy,  by  unanimous  vote  of  the  company, 
succeeded  to  the  command. 

On  February  22nd,  1855,  the  corporation  of  the  city  pre 
sented  the  regiment  with  a  set  of  colors.  On  May  i8th,  1866, 
ex-Captain  Phelan  addressed  a  letter  to  the  editors  of  the 
Irisli  People,  from  which  additional  light  is  gained  as  to  the 
status  of  the  regiment  durincr  the  fifties. 

o  o 

Upon  the  surface,  the  regiment  to  which  I  was  attached  was  the  NINTH  New 
York  State  Militia  simply.  A  few  of  the  members  were  nothing  else,  but  the  bulk 
were  Irish  rebels  in  disguise.  The  wheel  within  a  wheel  was  the  order  of  the  S.  F.'s. 
*  *  *  As  a  rule  those  who  held  the  highest  positions  in  the  NINTH  Militia  were  not 
prominent  officers  of  the  S.  F's — for  instance,  our  Colonel,  an  American,  and  a  most 
worthy  gentleman,  was  not  aware  of  the  double  character  of  the  organization  he  had 
the  honor  to  command — while  many  privates  in  the  regiment  were  officers  in  high 
rank  among  the  S.  F's.  *  *  *  Unfortunately,  the  growing  numbers  anil  increasing 
power  of  the  S.  F's  attracted  the  attention  of  men  whose  trade  was  politics,  and  whose 
principles  were  far  from  being  of  the  best.  *  *  *  At  the  eleventh  hour  they  wormed 
themselves  into  the  organization,  with  the  view  of  making  the  credulity  of  their  coun 
trymen  a  stepping-stone  whereby,  at  the  worst,  they  might  ascend  to  local  offices  o  f 
trust  and  power.  *  *  *  As  a  consequence,  a  powerful  and  promising  organization 
was  stripped  of  its  boasted  unity  of  action,  if  not  of  purpose. 


6  THE    NINTH    NEW    YORK.  1858 

As  for  that  part  of  the  S.  F.'s  still  remaining  in  1858,  they, 
with  the  other  members  of  the  regiment,  were  transferred, 
mostly,  to  the  Sixty-ninth,  by  special  orders  No.  41,  A.  G. 
O.,  dated  May  30. 

At  the  time  of  disbandment  the  register  of  the  officers  was 

O 

as  follows  : 

Colonel,  Lucius  Pitkin  ;  Lieut.-Col.,  Daniel  Kelley  ;  Major, 
Richard  Barry. 

Company  A. 

Captain,  vacant;  First  Lieut,  vacant ;  Second  Lieut., 
vacant. 

Company   B. 

Captain,  Charles  McGuire;  First  Lieut.,  Patrick  Holden  ; 
Second  Lieut.,  Bernard  Fox. 

Company    C. 

Captain,  Edward  Kernes ;  First  Lieut.,  James  Cassidy  ; 
Second  Lieut.,  Cornelius  Dora. 

<s 

Company  D. 

Captain,  Thomas  Murphy  ;  First  Lieut.,  Lawrence  Glynne  ; 
Second  Lieut.,  vacant. 

Company  E. 

Captain,  'James  Galligher  ;  First  Lieut.,  Samuel  Frazer ; 
Second  Lieut,  Peter  Flynne. 

Company   F. 

Captain,  William  O.  Murphy;  First  Lieut.,  vacant ;  Second 
Lieut.,  vacant. 

Company  G. 

Captain,  vacant ;  First  Lieut.,  John  Conroy  ;  Second  Lieut. ; 
vacant. 

Company    H. 

Captain,  Robert  Coddington  ;  First  Lieut,  vacant;  Second 
Lieut,  vacant. 

Company  I. 

Captain,  James  Murphy;  First  Lieut.,  Augustus  P.  Greene; 
Second  Lieut.,  Cornelius  Horrigan. 


1859  THE    PRESENT    NINTH    ORGANIZED.  / 

Company  A. 

Captain,  Felix  Duffy ;  F~irst  Lieut.,  Terrence  Duffy ; 
Second  Lieut.,  vacant. 

At  that  time  the  Fifty-fifth  regiment,  "Garde  La  Fayette," 
was  composed  of  eight  companies;  its  nationality  was  mixed, 
the  left  wing  being  almost  wholly  composed  of  natives  of  F' ranee, 
naturalized  American  citizens  ;  while  the  three  companies  com 
posing  the  right  wing  were  divided  between  native  Americans 
and  Swiss.  The  two  wings  wore  different  colored  trousers, 
.and  while  efforts  had  been  made  to  harmonize  this  incongruity, 
no  settlement  could  be  effected,  for  neither  side  would  yield 
the  point.  When  the  NINTH  was  disbanded,  the  right  wing 
of  the  Fifth-fifth  applied  for  permission  to  withdraw  from 
that  regiment,  and  assume  the  number  of  the  disbanded 
organization.  The  request  was  granted,  and  thus  was  formed 
the  regiment  whose  history  it  is  purposed  recording  in  these 
pages. 

It  must  not  be  supposed  that  the  transfer  mentioned  was 
made  without  a  great  deal  of  "  influence  "  being  brought  to 
.bear  upon  the  state  authorities.  Mr.  Alexander  Henriques, 
of  Company  G,  "City  Guard,"  was  chairman  of  the  committee 
.appointed  to  urge  upon  the  Adjutant-General  the  necessity  of 
the  change,  and  it  was  not  until  after  several  weeks  of  persistent 
work  that  the  efforts  of  the  applicants  were  successful,  and 
the  following  order  issued  : 

GENERAL  HEADQUARTERS,  STATE  OF  NEW  YORK, 

Adjutant-General's  Office, 

Albany,  June  231/1,  1859. 
•GENERAL  ORDERS,  ) 
No.  1 8.  | 

vr  *  *  *  *  *- 

II.  Colonel  Lucius  Pitkin  (assigned  to  the  command  of  the 
23rd  vacant  Regimental  District,  3rd  Brigade,  ist  Division, 
by  General  Orders  No.  41,  of  May  3rd,  1858)  is  hereby  trans 
ferred  from  the  District  and  assigned  to  the  command  of  the 


THE    NINTH    NEW    YORK.  1859 

22nd  Regimental  District,  and  will  at  once  report  to  Brigadier- 
General  Charles  Yates.  commanding'  the  2nd  Brigade. 

<->  O 

III.  The  2^rd  Regimental  District  will  be  hereafter  desie- 

fc/  O  O 

nated  as  the  gth  Regimental  District. 

IV.  Michael     M.    Van    Beuren,    Thomas    T.     Ferris,    and 
William    H.  Hallick,  all  of  the  city  of  New    York,  are   hereby 
appointed,    Colonel,    Lieutenant-Colonel,    and    Major    of    the 
9th   Regimental    District,    and    of   the    troops    which    may    be 
transferred  thereto,  or  organized  therein.     They  will  be  obeyed 
and  respected  accordingly. 

V.  Companies  B,   G,   and   K,  of   the  55th   Regiment,   3rd 
Brigade,    ist    Division,   are    hereby   detached    from   said   regi 
ment,  and   transferred   to    the   gth    Regimental    District,  same 
Brigade.      The  commandants  of  these  companies  will   immedi 
ately  report  for  duty  to  Colonel  Van  Beuren,  commanding  the 
9th  District. 

VI.  The  several  companies   transferred   by   the   preceding 
paragraph    are     hereby    organized    as    the    NINTH    Regiment. 
Colonel    Van   Beuren   will,  without    delay,  re-letter  these  com 
panies,  and  forward  to  this  department   a   return  of  the  names 
of  the    officers  and  the  number  of   non-commissioned   officers 
and  privates  under  their  respective  company  letters. 

VII.  The  Field   Officers  of  the   NINTH    Regiment   will,  on 

.  o 

receipt   of   this  order,  report   personally    to    Brigadier-General 
William  Hall,  commanding  the  j:rd  Brigade. 
By  order  of  the  Commander-in-Chief, 

FREDERICK  TOWNSEND, 

A  djutant-  General. 

HEADQUARTERS,  FIRST  DIVISION,  N.  Y.  S.  M. 

New  York,  June  27,  1859. 
GENERAL  ORDERS,  ) 
No.  4.    a         ( 

The  foregoing  General  Orders,  No.  18,  are  promulgated  for  the  information  and 
government  of  the  Division. 

Brigadier-General  Hall  will  cause  a  report  to  he  made  to  the  Major-General  of  a 
register  of  the  Officers  of  the  NINTH  Regiment,  with  their  places  of  residence  as  soon 
as  the  organization  is  completed. 

By  order 

Major-General  CHAS.  W.  SANFORD, 

R.  C.  WETMORE,  Division  Inspector. 


CITY    GUARD.  9 

NINTH  REGIMENT,  -CITY  GUARD,"  X.  Y.  S.  MILITIA. 

New  York,  July  \,  1859. 
ORDERS,  } 
No.   i.    \ 

The  officers  composing  this  regiment  will  attend  a  meeting  on  Thursday  evening, 
;th  inst.  at  eight  o'clock,  at  the  Armory,  No.  654  Broad  ivay,  to  organize  the  command, 
and  to  make  suitable  arrangements  to  comply  with  orders  of  the  A.  G.  O.  No.  18,  viz.: 
to  re-letter  the  companies  transferred  to  this  command,  and  to  report  the  number  of 
officers,  non-commissioned  officers  and  privates,  under  the  respective  letters. 

Commandants  of  companies  will  make  out  their  returns  in  accordance  with  the 
above,  and  deliver  them  to  me,  on  the  night  of  the  meeting,  that  they  may  be  trans 
mitted  to  the  Adjutant-General  without  delay. 

By  order  of 

M.  M.  VAN  BEUREN, 

Colonel. 

At  the  meeting,  the  companies  B,  G  and  K,  late  of  the 
Fifty-fifth,  were  re-lettered  A,  C  and  B,  respectively. 

Company  A,  "  State  Guard,"  previous  to  its  connection 
with  the  Fifty-fifth,  had  been  known  as  Company  F,  Second 
Regiment,  and  under  its  popular  commander,  Captain  Joseph 
H.  Johnson,  was  a  wide  awake  and  active  organization. 
Company  B,  (<  Swiss  Rifles  "  —  as  its  name  indicates — was  com 
posed  of  natives  of  that  oldest  of  republics,  Switzerland,  and 
the  personnel  continued  mostly  the  same  throughout  the  period 
of  the  war;  one  of  its  members,  Joseph  A.  Moesch,  rising  to 
the  rank  of  colonel,  and  yielding  up  his  life  while  gallantly 
leading  the  regiment  at  the  battle  of  the  Wilderness.  The 

o  o 

"  City  Guard,"  whose  members  prided  themselves  upon  their 
high  social  standing,  was  organized  June  I4th,  1833,  by  Cap 
tain  William  M.  McArdle,  and  was  chen  known  as  the 
"  Pulaski  Cadets,"  and  later  as  the  "City  Tigers."  In  1840 
it  was  attached  to  the  Two-hundred  and  Twenty-second  reg 
iment — or  regimental  district — and  lettered  B.  In  1857  it 
was  transferred  to  the  Fifty-fifth  as  Company  G,  and  finally 
found  a  permanent  resting-place  as  Company  C  in  the 
NINTH. 

Recruiting  was  at  once  begun,  with  a  view  to  increase  the 
number  of  companies,  as  well  as  to  fill  up  the  old  ones.  Mr. 
John  Wr.  Davis  succeeded  in  raising  a  fourth  company,  and  on 
September  i6th,  it  was  mustered  as  Company  D,  Mr.  Davis 
being  commissioned  Captain.  On  the  iQth  the  companies 


10  THE    NINTH    NEW    YORK.  1859 

met  and  adopted  the  name  "City  Guard  "  for  the  regiment, 
which  action  was  formally  announced  in  regimental  orders,  No 
6,  series  of  1859.  On  the  gth  of  October  the  regiment  was 
inspected  at  Hamilton  Square,  one  hundred  and  eighty  men 
answering  to  roll-call. 

Owing  to  the  subsequent  career  of  the  writer,  the  following 
letter  is  of  special  interest  : 

New  York,  \~jth  November,  1859. 
BRIG.-GKN.  FRED.  TOVVNSEND, 

Adjutant-General,  New  York  State  Militia. 

SIR  :  I  beg  leave  most  respectfully  to  call  your  attention  to  a  deficiency  which  exists 
in  the  organization  and  instruction  of  the  militia  forces  of  this  city,  and  to  ask  your 
co-operation  in  supplying  that  deficiency  as  far  as  may  he  practicable. 

It  cannot  have  escaped  your  notice,  that  the  enormous  increase  of  the  calibre  of 
heavy  guns,  and  the  propulsion  of  vessels  of  war  by  steam,  have  inaugurated  and 
developed  a  new  system  of  attack  upon  seaport  towns,  as  evinced  in  the  late  European 
wars. 

The  slow  and  precarious  method  of  landing  troops  for  the  purposes  of  such  attack 
has  been  abandoned,  and,  as  a  natural  consequence,  infantry,  cavalry  and  light  artillery, 
for  the  defense  of  seaboard  towns,  have  become  of  secondary  importance,  and  the 
heavy  sea-coast  gun,  must  hereafter  be  looked  to  as  the  proper  and  legitimate  means  of 
defense.  I,  therefore,  propose  to  commence  by  giving  lessons  to  Company  C,  9th 
Regiment,  in  the  drill  of  the  sea-coast  gun,  and  in  order  to  do  this  we  shall  require  a 
modified  casemate  carriage  and  gun,  which,  with  the  requisite  implements,  I  can  pro 
cure  for  about  four  hundred  dollars.  It  does  not  seem  right  to  put  this  expense  upon 
the  company,  which  has  expressed  a  willingness  to  devote  its  time  to  this  species  of 
instruction,  in  addition  to  the  usual  infantry  drill  ;  and  I  have,  therefore,  the  honor  to 
iisk  your  intercession  with  the  Legislature,  during  the  ensuing  winter,  to  induce  them 
to  make  an  appropriation  for  this  specific  purpose.  When  the  trifling  amount  of  the 
expense  is  considered,  in  connection  with  the  vast  interests  involved,  I  cannot  doubt 
that  this  application  will  meet  with  success. 

Very  respectfully,  your  obedient  servant, 

M.  LOVELL. 

Captain  Mansfield  Lovell,  a  graduate  of  West  Point,  was 
certainly  alive  to  the  necessity  of  training  the  Militia  in  the 
use  of  artillery  for  sea-coast  defence;  and  inasmuch  as  the 
NINTH  had  been  designated — as  were  nearly  all  the  Militia 
infantry  regiments  in  N.  Y.  City— as  heavy  artillery,  it  seemed 
quite  proper  that  the  members  should  be  instructed  in  that  arm 
of  the  service.  After  much  delay  the  Captain's  suggestion  was 
approved,  and  the  company  occasionally  visited  Fort  Hamilton, 
where  the  men  were  faithfully  drilled  by  their  commander,  so 


i859 


REGISTER    OE    OFEICERS. 


I  I 


that,  during  the  civil  war,  when  they  were  arrayed  against 
their  former  Captain  and  instructor,  the  members  were  enabled 
to  give  a  good  account  of  themselves. 

On  the  ist  of  December,  Company  E,  Captain  William 
Atterbury,  was  mustered  into  the  State  service.  On  the 
evening  of  the  6th,  the  Board  of  Officers  met  and  ratified  the 
action  of  the  Adjutant-general,  in  appointing  the  Field-officers. 

The  register  of  officers  of  the  NINTH  at  the  close  of  the 
year,  with  date  of  rank,  was  as  follows  : 


Field  and  Staff. 

Colonel,  Michael  M.  Van  Beuren, 
Lieutenant-Colonel,  Thomas  T.  Ferris, 
Major,  William  H.  Hallick, 
Adjutant,  Charles  B.  Bostwick,    . 
Quartermaster,  Alexander  Henriques, 
Surgeon,  E.  Willis  Fisher,   . 
Surgeon's  Mate,  Edward  H.  Andrew, 
Engineer,  Henry  L.  Stevens, 
Paymaster,  Henry  L.  King, 
Chaplain,  Stephen  R.  Baker, 


June  25th,  1859. 
June  25th,   1859. 
June  25th,  1859. 
July  ;th,  1859. 
July  ;th,  1859. 
July  ;th,  1859. 
December  6th,  1859. 
July  ;th,  1859. 
July  ;th,  1859. 
November  ist,  1859. 


Company  A    (State  Guard). 

Captain,  Joseph- H.  Johnson,         .  December  loth,  1851, 

First  Lieutenant,  George  W.  Carpenter,  February  i /th,  1858. 

Second  Lieutenant,  Charles  C.  Reed,  December  8th,  1859. 
Additional  Second  Lieutenant,  Henry 

A.  Luther,         ....  December  8th,  1859. 

Company  B  (Swiss  Rifles). 


Captain,  Henry  L.  Robert, 
First  Lieutenant,  Louis    Billon, 
Second  Lieutenant,  John  Deppeler, 


June  loth,  1852. 
June  nth,  1851. 
Decejnber  6th,  1859. 


12  THE    NINTH    NEW    YORK.  1860 

Company  C  (City  Guard). 

Captain,  Mansfield  Lovell,         .         .  July  2Oth,  1859. 

First  Lieutenant,  Edward  L.  Stone,  May  5th,  1857. 

Second  Lieutenant,  David  Banks,  jr.  April  26th,  1859. 
Additional  Second  Lieutenant,  Charles 

E.  Prescott,          ,         .         .  April  26th,  1859. 

Company  D. 

Captain,  John  W.  Davis,         .         .  September  i6th,  1859. 

First  Lieutenant,  Edmund  R.  Greene,  September  i6th,  1859. 
Second  Lieutenant,  William  F.  Henry,  September  i6th,  1859. 
Additional  Second  Lieutenant,  William 

E.  Jackson,          .          ,         .         .        December  2ist,  1859. 

Company  E. 

Captain,  William  Atterbury,          .         .       December  ist,  1859. 

First  Lieutenant,  John  B.  Coppinger,         December  ist,  1859. 

Second  Lieutenant,  Edward  P.  Sanderson,  December  ist,  1859. 
Additional  Second  Lieutenant,  John 

Meeks,  Jr.  .         .         .         .  December  ist,  1859. 

On  January  2oth,  1860,  Lieutenant-Colonel  Ferris  resigned. 
February  22nd  the  regiment  paraded  in  honor  of  the  one 
hundred  and  twenty-eighth  anniversary  of  Washington's  Birth 
day.  The  line  formed  on  Great  Jones  street,  right  resting  on 
Broadway,  at  two  o'clock,  P.  M.  It  rained  hard  all  clay,  and 
the  fact  of  the  parade  being  executed  under  such  circumstances, 
was  commented  upon  by  the  Military  Gazette,  of  March  ist, 
as  follows  : 

The  occurrence  of  a  severe  storm  on  the  22nd  ult.,  enables  us  to  express  views  we 
have  long  held,  with  reference  to  parades  of  mere  courtesy  and  display,  during  unfav 
orable  weather. 

The  22nd  was  to  be  commemorated  by  a  display  of  half-a-dozen  of  our  city  regi 
ments,  and  there  accordingly  turned  out  on  this,  perhaps  the  worst  day  of  the  season, 
a.  couple  of  thousand  of  our  young  men  ;  the  strength  and  flower  of  New  York,  stood 
for  hours  the  drenching  of  a  pitiless  rain,  with  their  feet  immersed  in  the  salted  slush 
of  our  streets,  no  complaining,  no  shrinking  of  these  proud  fellows,  and  no  one  was 
found  to  counsel  that  this  exposure  was  unnecessary  and  uncalled  for,  and  the  public 


i860  WASHINGTON    STATUE    AT    THE    CAPITAL.  13 

will  never  hear  how  many  of  these  sowed  the  seeds  of  disease,  and  brought  on  an  early 
death  by  this  march.  In  our  opinion  no  portion  of  the  volunteer  forces  should  be 
allowed  to  make  ceremonious  parades  in  unfavorable  weather. 

We  are  well  aware  that  no  regulation  of  the  commander-m-chief  will  reach  this 
matter — it  springs  from  a  sense  of  honor  and  pride,  motives  we  shall  be  the  last  to 
deprecate,  but  which,  in  this  particular,  lead  to  excess.  The  correction  lies  in  public 
opinion,  outside  as  well  as  inside  of  regiments,  and  we  trust  that  officers  and  men  will 
reflect  upon  the  subject,  and  determine  that  hereafter,  no  esprit  da  corps  shall  carry 
them  away  from  their  duty  to  themselves,  their  families  and  friends.  Let  it  be  once 
understood  that  the  regimental  and  company  musters  of  ceremony  are  to  be  postponed, 
whenever  it  is  found  that  they  cannot  take  place  without  manifest  clanger  to  the  health 
of  the  men,  and  we  shall  rind  valuable  recruits  for  the  service,  who  are  now  restrained 
from  joining  by  an  unwillingness  to  expose  themselves  to  the  winter  storms  of  this 
climate. 

No  one  will  apply  our  remarks  to  the  sterner  duties  of  the  citizen  soldier;  they  must 
be  performed  blow  it  ever  so  hard,  and  we  know  that  our  men  will  not  be  wanting. 

The  Seventh  Regiment  had  gone  to  Washington  to  cele 
brate  the  day,  and  assist  at  the  inauguration  of  the  Washing 
ton  Statue,  and  when  it  returned  on  the  morning  of  the  24th, 
it  was  met  by  the  Twelfth  Regiment,  Colonel  Daniel  But- 
terheld,  three  hundred  and  twenty-five  strong,  the  NINTH. 
under  Colonel  Van  Beuren,  which  mustered  two  hundred,  and 
about  a  hundred  members  of  the  Seventh,  who  had  remained 
at  home. 

The  escorting  troops  assembled  early  and  marched  to  the 
City  Hall  Park,  where  they  remained  till  eleven  o'clock,  then 
marching  to  the  Cortlanclt  Street  Ferry,  and  having  properly 
received  their  comrades  of  the  Seventh,  marched  at  their  head 
to  where  a  salute  was  to  be  fired  by  a  detachment  of  Company 
F,  Fourth  Artillery,  Captain  McMahon.  After  that,  continu 
ing  on  to  the  Armory  of  the  Seventh. 

On  May  28th,  the  Third  Brigade — in  which  was  the  NINTH 
—Brigadier-General  William  Hall,  commanding,  proceeded  to 
East  New  York  for  instruction  in  drill. 

The  abuse  of  power  in  appointing  chaplains  and  surgeons 
in  the  Militia  regiments,  where  the  incumbent  was  of  neither 
the  theological  or  medical  profession,  became  so  notorious 
that  the  Military  Gazette  of  June  1st,  1860,  printed  the  follow- 


14  THE    NINTH    NEW    YORK.  1860 

In  regard  to  the  professional  experience  of  some  of  the  surgeons  of  the  New  York 
Militia  Forces,  we  have,  by  way  of  illustration,  compared  the  list  of  officers  of  the  First 
Division  Medical  Staff,  as  given  in  the  Adjutant-General's  Register  (Report  of  1860, 
pp.  81-83),  w'tn  tne  City  Directory,  with  the  following  result  : 

SURGEONS. —  1st  Regiment,  F.  F.  Resch,  "Segars;"  2nd  Regiment,  John  C.  Devin, 
"Hosiery;"  4th  Regiment,  Henry  E.  Davies,  "Lawyer;"  5th  Regiment,  George 
Dieffenback,  "  Butcher;"  nth  Regiment,  Elrick  Family,  "  Dentist ;"  23nd  Regiment, 
Wm.  Seligman,  "Clothing;"  55th  Regiment,  Ernest  Cazet,  "  Merchant ;"  6gth  Regi 
ment,  Jos.  B.  Tully,  "  Lawyer." 

CHAPLAINS. — (Adjutant  General's  Report,  p.  87)  ist  Regiment,  A  .Toedtleberg, 
"  Grocer;"  2nd  Regiment,  Rich.  Goodwin,  "Tailor;"  4th  Regiment,  Ed.  R.  Bell,  "No 
Occupation;"  5th  Regiment,  Chas.  C.  Eddy,  "Broker;"  6th  Regiment,  Chas.  H. 
Phillips,  "  Drugs  ;"  73d  Regiment,  Geo.  M.  Wheaton,  "  Glass." 

An  order  was  afterwards  issued  requiring  that  all  chaplains 
should  be  clergymen,  and  surgeons  graduates  of  medical 
schools. 

June  i6th,  the  regiment  paraded  with  the  first  division  in 
honor  of  the  arrival  of  the  Japanese  Embassy.  The  troops 
mustered  on  the  Battery  at  two  o'clock,  P.  M.,  and  at  three 
the  distinguished  visitors  were  in  their  carriages  and  the  line 
in  motion.  The  division  had  been  detailed  as  the  euard  of 

o 

honor.     The    Military    Gazette  said    of    the    NINTH    on    this 
occasion  : 

The  NINTH  regiment  is  of  quite  a  different  genus  from  the  old  NINTH.  A  small, 
elegantly  dressed  personage ;  with  a  high,  erect,  head,  and  very  proud  tread.  Decid 
edly  the  most  beautiful  artillery  uniform  in  the  country  ;  cloth  of  the  first  quality  ;  and 
all  the  trimmings  of  the  richest  material,  and  arranged  with  most  exquisite  taste. 

This  regiment  looked  like  a  thorough-bred  black  Spanish  cock,  with  his  broad, 
bright,  red  comb,  glossy,  dark  plumage,  and  gallant  mien,  swelling  much  larger  and 
grander  than  his  weight  (numbers)  would  seem  to  justify. 

The  NINTH  is  a  select  nucleus  of  a  splendid  regiment  (which  is  wanted,  and  it  is  to 
be)  of  heavy  artillery.     It  will  be  no  doubt,  one  day,  as  large  as  it  nows  looks. 

The  4th  of  July  was  celebrated  by  a  parade  of  the  First 
Division,  but  coming  so  soon  after  the  Japanese  visitors,  the 
ranks  were  not  as  full  as  its  friends  desired.  The  Military 
Gazette  said  of  the  occasion. 

*  *  *  This  is  an  American's  particular  natal  day,  and  should  be  ushered  in  by  the 
booming  of  cannon,  and  be  kept  up  by  martia'l  display. 

Let  the  officers  and  men  of  the  Militia  bear  in  mind  that  they  are  the  same  class  of 
soldiers  who  were,  in  the  revolutionary  clays,  called  upon  to  do  their  country's  fighting  ; 
and  should  the  necessity  again  arise,  they  would  be  the  force  on  which  the  country 
must  depend. 


i860  REPUBLICAN     BLUES    OF    SAVANNAH.  15 

On  the  I4th,  the  "Chicago  Cadets,"  Captain  Elmer  E. 
Ellsworth  (Paymaster-General,  State  of  Illinois),  afterwards 
the  renowned  Colonel  of  the  "Eire  Zouaves  "  —Eleventh  N. 
Y.  Vols. — arrived  in  New  York,  and  were  received  by  the 
Sixth  Regiment.  Their  drill  in  Madison  Square,  before  an 
immense  audience,  was  a  complete  success;  the  Cadets  cutting 
their  way  straight  through  the  heart  of  New  York,  carrying 
the  very  citadel  of  its  selt-esteem  by  assault. 

The  gallant  and  athletic  strangers  found  no  competitors, 
but  only  admirers  and  friends,  and  were  well  looked  after 
while  in  the  city  by  the  Sixth  Regiment,  Company  E,  of  the 
Eighth,  and  Company  C  of  the  Thirteenth  ;  members,  too,  of 
the  NINTH  contributing  to  the  pleasure  and  comforts  of  the 
Zouaves. 

The  next  body  of  visitors  were  the  "  Republican  Blues,"  of 
Savannah,  Ga.,  and  of  their  reception  the  Gazettf,  said,  in  its 
issue  of  the  25th  : 

The  Republican  Blues,  Captain  John  W.  Anderson,  of  Savannah,  Ga..  upon  invita 
tion  of  the  City  Guard,  arrived  in  New  York  about  the  time  of  the  departure  of  the 
Chicago  Zouaves,  in  consequence  not  creating  any  marked  sensation  ;  but  it  was  obvi 
ous  that  the  men  were  of  the  best  kind,  and  well  commanded. 

The  company  was  formed  on  the  ist  of  May,  1 808,  since  which  date  it  has  had  but 
four  captains,  including  the  present.  They  marched  easily  and  without  any  pretense 
of  comparing  themselves  with  any  other  corps ;  as  well-bred  gentlemen  they  gained 
the  esteem  of  all  who  looked  at  them. 

Coming  from  the  South,  New  York  people  had  an  opportunity  of  exhibiting  their 
courtesy  and  appreciation  of  the  brotherhood  of  the  whole  country;  and  as  far  as  the 
reception  was  public  or  private,  this  sentiment  of  fraternity  and  mutual  confidence  and 
esteem,  was  the  prevailing  idea. 

At  the  banquet  given  by  the  Guard  to  the  Blues,  as  they  were  about  to  leave,  the 
assurance  of  a  warm  personal  friendship  were  prominent  in  the  speeches. 

Captain  Anderson,  of  the  Blues,  upon  being  called  upon  for  a  speech,  said  : 

"  Brethren  and  soldiers  of  the  New  York  City  Guard  :  The  Republican  Blues, 
through  their  captain,  return  you  their  warm,  their  true,  their  sincere  thanks ;  we  shall 
never  forget  your  kindness.  Your  names  shall  ever  be  associated  with  ours  as 
Brothers ;  and  we  hope  that  we  may  have  the  opportunity  of  convincing  you  that  we 
really  do  love  you." 

The  health  of  Captain  Lovell  having  been  proposed,  and  at  his  request,  Alexander 
Henriques  replied  in  part,  as  follows : 

"  Gentlemen  of  the  Blues :  You  have,  in  common  with  us,  partaken  of  the  crystal 
fount  of  friendship ;  you  have  been  actuated  by  the  same  motives  that  have  actuated 
us  in  receiving  you.  This  is  no  miracle ;  it  is  the  undercurrent  of  the  national  con 
sanguinity,  which  never  shall,  which  never  can  be  perverted,  as  long  as  patriots  exist 


1 6  THE    NINTH    NEW    YORK.  1860 

at  the  North  and  at  the  South  ;  and  this  same  feeling  of  good-fellowship  towards  the 
South  exists  in  the  North-west  and  at  the  East. 

Corporal  Mercer,  of  the  Blues,  replied  with  a  few  remarks  to  a  toast  complimentary 
of  his  company. 

Captain  Lovell  then  introduced  Ex-Lieut. -Colonel  Ferris  of  the  NINTH,  who  spoke 
a  few  happy  sentiments  of  pleasure  at  being  present. 

The  "  Blues"  were  quartered  at  the  Lafarge  House  while 
in  the  city  ;  most  of  the  time  was  spent  in  visiting  the  neigh 
boring  places  of  interest,  amongst  which  was  Throngs  Neck, 

<-?      *•  Zj  O  O 

where  they  were  entertained  in  glorious  style  by  Mr.  B,  M. 
Whitlock  ;  they  also  visited  the  residence  of  Lieut-Colonel 
Ferris,  at  Bloomingdale. 

Before  leaving,  the  "  Blues,"  ninety-six  men  strong,  were 
photographed  by  Brady,  and  upon  their  return  to  Savannah, 
a  set  of  resolutions  were  engrossed  and  sent  to  the  City 
Guard,  in  compliment  to  the  many  courtesies  extended  to  them 
during  their  visit  to  New  York. 

On  the  afternoon  of  the  25th,  guests  and  hosts  marched 
down  Broadway.  The  "  Blues  "  baggage  wagon,  which  fol 
lowed,  was  decorated  with  a  number  of  American  Hags,  while 
on  top  was  a  large  white  streamer,  on  which  were  the  words 
in  red  letters,  "City  Guard."  In  rear  of  the  wagon  was  a 
banner  with  the  following  inscription  : 

Savannah  Blues '. 

No  North  (Cap  of   Liberty)  No  South 

No  East  (Clasped   Hands)  No  West 

New  York,  July  25,  1860. 

This  Savannah  company,  as  well  as  the  "  City  Guard," 
took  prominent  and  antagonistic  part  in  the  Civil  War,  which 
so  soon  followed  this  interchange  of  brotherly  fellowship. 

On  the  3ist  of  August,  Lieutenant  John  B  Coppinger,  of 
Company  E,  addressed  a  letter  to  Lord  Palmerston,  the  Brit 
ish  Premier,  asking  whether  his  Company  would  be  permitted 
to  land  in  England,  "  armed  and  equipped  as  the  U.  S.  law- 
directs,"  on  a  military  excursion,  to  exchange  courtesies  with 
the  English  Volunteers;  and  on  the  i2th  of  October,  Lord 

O 


i860  KKCKPTIOX    OF    THE    PRINCE    OF    WALES.  I/ 

Palmerston  replied  that  Her  Majesty's  government,  as  well 
as  the  whole  British  nation,  would  feel  very  great  pleasure  at 
a  friendly  visit  from  any  portion  of  the  people  of  the  United 
States,  but  that  it  would  not  be  consistent  with  the  laws  of  the 
United  Kingdom,  that  a  body  of  armed  men,  organized  as  a 
military  body,  and  not  being  subjects  of  the  British  Sovereign, 
should  land  in  the  United  Kingdom  and  move  about  therein. 
His  Lordship  added,  however,  that  if  any  of  the  members  of 
Company  E,  were  to  come  over  to  England  in  the  summer  of 
the  next  year,  bringing  with  them  their  rifles  for  the  purpose 
of  entering  into  competition  at  the  annual  rifle-shoot,  they 
would  be,  no  doubt,  most  heartily  welcomed. 

Early  in  October,  the  "State  Guard"  (Company  A),  Cap 
tain  Johnson,  entertained  at  a  banquet  in  the  Apollo  Rooms, 
the  New  Haven  Grays.  Speeches  were  made  by  Colonels 
Van  Beuren  and  Le  Gal,  Captain  Johnson,  and  Captain 
Osborn  of  the  "  Grays."  The  entertainment  was  a  flattering 
success,  and  was  highly  enjoyed  by  those  present. 

On   the    iith,  the    Eirst  division — four   brigades — and  the 

o 

Eirst  brigade  of  the  Second  division,  paraded  in  honor  of  the 
Prince  of  Wales.  Line  was  formed  at  noon,  on  the  Battery, 
and  after  waiting  some  time  for  the  distinguished  visitor,  the 
troops  were  dismissed  for  refreshments,  but  the  roar  of  the 
salute  to  royalty,  fired  from  Eort  Columbus,  soon  brought  the 
men  in  line  a^ain.  About  two  o'clock,  the  Revenue  Cutter 

o 

Harriet  Lane,'  carry  ing  the  Prince  and  his  suite,  and  a  party 
of  gentlemen  who  had  gone  down  the  bay  to  meet  them, 
landed  at  Castle  Garden.  This  venerable  depot  for  "  distin 
guished  foreigners  "  received  the  part}-,  who  were  welcomed  by 
the  Mayor,  Fernando  Wood,  in  the  name  of  the  city.  Major- 
General  Sandforcl  received  the  Prince  at  the  "  Castle  "  gate  ; 
the  visitors  were  then  mounted  upon  gaily  caparisoned  horses 
and  proceeded  to  review  the  troops. 

After  this  the  line  moved  to  the  City  Hall  Park,  where  the 
Prince  and  the  Mayor  made  another  review  and  were  tendered 
a  marching  salute. 

An  immense  crowd,  variously  estimated  at  from  one  to  two 
2 


1 8  THE    NINTH    NEW    YORK.  1860 

hundred  thousand  people,  witnessed  the  pageant,  and  as  many 
more  were  disappointed  in  not  seeing  the  royal  visitor,  for  it 
was  dark  before  the  column  reached  Canal  Street.  The  right 
of  it  was  halted  at  Great  Jones  Street,  and  when  the  troops 
had  been  placed  in  line  on  the  east  side  of  Broadway,  the  royal 
party  passed,  under  the  escort  of  Captain  Joshua  M.  Varian's 
troop  of  cuvalry  of  the  Eighth  regiment.  The  throng  crowding 
the  sidewalks  and  looking  from  every  window  obtained  but  a 
glimpse  of  the  Prince,  as  with  his  white  plumed  chapeau  in 
hand,  he  bowed  his  acknowledgments  to  the  hearty  greeting. 
The  NINTH  would  have  appeared  to  better  advantage  had  the 
number  tinder  arms  been  greater  ;  as  it  was,  the  regiment 
looked  well,  and  the  companies  marched  with  a  steady  step  and 
an  even  front.  For  reasons  best  known  to  the  members,  the 
Sixty-ninth  regiment  refused  to  appear  in  the  parade. 

On  the  1 2th  of  November,  Company  C,  under  command  of 
Captain  Lovell,  went  to  Fort  Hamilton  for  target  practice 
with  the  heavy  guns.  The  company  mustered  about  sixty, 
and  marched  to  the  Wall  Street  ferry,  where  it  embarked  up 
on  the  Union  Ferry  Company's  boat  Peconic,  graciously  fur 
nished  for  the  occasion. 

The    sail    down  the    bay  was    enlivened  by  the    music  of 
Doclworth's  band.      A    number  of   invited  quests   were    in   the 

o 

party,  among  whom  were  General  Hall,  Colonels  Bostwick  and 
Burnham  ;  Major  Lansing,  Captain  Sweeny,  Lieutenant  Johns, 
U.  S.  A.,  and  Mr.  Smith,  the  president  of  the  ferry  company. 
Arriving  at  the  dock,  near  Fort  Hamilton,  the  company 
marched  to  the  parade  ground,  doffed  their  bear-skin  shakos, 
donned  their  fatigue  caps,  and  assembled  about  the  guns  on 
the  barbette  tier.  From  amoncj  the  older  members  of  the 

o 

company,  seven  gun's  crews  of  five  men  each  were  selected, 
who  manned  the  old  32  pounders.  Each  crew  fired  one  round 
of  blank  cartridge,  after  which  the  pieces  were  shotted. 

A  target,  ten  by  twenty  feet  in  size,  had  been  anchored  in 
the  bay,  at  a  distance  of  one  mile  from  the  fort,  against  which 
the  practice  fire  was  directed.  The  first  discharge  was  a  direct 
"  line  shot,"  and  the  ball  fell  onlv  a  few  feet  short  of  the  mark. 


1860  AT    FORT    HAMILTON.  19 

Each  gun's  crew  fired  in   turn,   and   the    second   shot    of  the 

second  round  struck  and   unmoored  the  target,  which,  moving 

.  &  & 

with  the  tide,  or  current,  made  it  an  exceedingly  difficult  object 
to  hit.  The  firing,  however,  was  kept  up,  and  several  shots 
reached  the  object.  When  the  target  had  Moated  out  of  range, 
the  firing  ceased.  The  company  soon  after  returned  to  the 
•city,  and  while  en  route  were  treated  to  a  collation,  at  which 
toasts  were  drank  and  complimentary  speeches  delivered.  All 
•voted  the  trip  a  decided  success.  Much  military  knowledge 
had  been  gained,  and  a  delightful  social  occasion  enjoyed. 
Upon  arrival  at  the  city,  at  four  o'clock,  the  company  paraded 
through  Wall  Street  and  Broadway  back  to  the  armory,  and 
•were  then  dismissed. 

The  •Military   Gazette  had  this  to  say  of  Company  C  : 

*  *  *  The  "  City  Guard  "  is  composed  of  young  men  of  the  best  families,  and  they 
were  thought  to  he  rather  too  slim  and  too  nice  to  manage  barbette  and  casemate 
guns.  But  Captain  Lovell  has  shown  that  his  young  men  are  of  the  right  kind.  Not 
above  the  work  and  labor  of  the  battery ;  not  too  weak  and  effeminate  for  the  service  of 
heavy  artillery. 


2O  THE    NINTH    NEW    YORK.  1860 


CHAPTER  II. 

REBELLION— SECESSION. 

The  Presidential  Election  of  1860. — Secession  of  South  Carolina  and  Other  States. — 
State  of  Feeling  in  the  North. — "  If  Any  One  Attempts  to  Haul  Down  The  Ameri 
can  Flag,  Shoot  Him  on  the  Spot  !" — Official  Documents. — Major  Robert  Ander 
son. — Attack  on  Fort  Sumter  and  its  Surrender. — Excitement  in  the  North.— The 
President's  Call  for  Troops. — The  NINTH  Offers  its  Services. — Resignation  of 
Colonel  Van  Beuren. — Recruiting  under  Difficulties. — Off  for  Washington. — 
Arrival  at  the  Capital. 

^HE  presidential  election,  held  on  November  6th,  resulting 
in  the  choice  of  the  Republican  candidate,  Abraham 
Lincoln,  so  incensed  the  Southern  wing  of  the  Democratic 
party — which  for  over  twenty  years  had  controlled  legislation 
at  the  National  Capital — that  they  determined  to  withdraw 
their  States  from  the  Federal  Union.  They  feared  that  the 
incoming  administration  might  approve  of  laws  detrimental  to 
the  slave-holding  interest  and,  asserting  that  the  Constitution 
warranted  them  in  taking  this  step,  set  about  forming  a  "  South 
ern  Confederacy."  On  the  2Oth  of  December  the  State  of 
South  Carolina,  by  its  convention,  issued  the  following  : 

THE  STATE  OF  SOUTH*  CAROLINA  : 

At  a  convention  of  the  People  of  the  State  of  South  Carolina,  begun  and  holden  at 
Columbia,  on  the  seventeenth  day  of  December,  in  the  year  of  our  Lord  one  thousand 
eight  hundred  and  sixty,  and  thence  continued  by  adjournment  to  Charleston,  and 
there,  by  divers  adjournments,  to  the  twentieth  day  of  December  in  the  same  year: 

AN  ORDINANCE  to  dissolve  the  union  between  the  State  of  South  Carolina  and 
other  States  united  with  her  under  the  compact  entitled  "  The  Constitution  of  the 
United  States :" 

We,  the  People  of  the  State  of  South  Carolina  in  convention  assembled,  do  declare 
and  ordain,  and  it  is  hereby  declared  and  ordained,  that  the  ordinance  adopted  by  us 
in  convention  on  the  twenty-third  day  of  May,  in  the  year  of  our  Lord  one  thousand 
seven  hundred  and  eighty-eight,  whereby  the  Constitution  of  the  United  States  of 
America  was  ratified,  and  also  all  acts  and  parts  of  acts  of  the  general  assembly  of 
this  State,  ratifying  amendments  of  the  said  Constitution,  are  hereby  repealed  ;  and  the 
union  now  subsisting  between  South  Carolina  and  other  States,  under  the  name  of  the 
"  United  States  of  America,"  is  hereby  dissolved. 


1861  SECESSION    OF    THE    STATES.  21 

Done  at  Charleston,  the  twentieth  clay  of  December,  in  the  year  of  our  Lord  one 
thousand  eight  hundred  and  sixty. 

D.  F.JAMISON, 

Dc/c*  ate  from  Barmuell. 
President  of  t lie  Convention,  and  others. 
Attest: 

BKNJAMIX  F.  ARTHUR, 
Clerk  of  the  Convention. 

The  other  States  which  were  to  compose  the  Southern 
Confederacy  followed  the  lead  of  South  Carolina  early  in 
1861  ;  Mississippi,  January  Qth  ;  Florida  on  the  loth  ;  Alabama 
on  the  i  ith  ;  Georgia  on  the  igth  ;  and  Louisiana  on  the  26th. 
On  February  ist,  Texas  went  out  ;  Virginia  on  April  i /th  ; 
Askansas  on  the  6th,  and  North  Carolina  on  the  2Oth  of 
May.  The  Legislature  of  Tennessee  passed  an  ordinance  of 
secession  on  May  6th,  subject  to  ratification  by  the  people  on 
the  8th  of  June  ;  the  result  of  the  vote  was  an  apparent 
majority  for  the  ordinance,  but  this  was  brought  about  largely 
through  the  intimidation  of  Union  voters  by  State  troops, 
organized  by  Governor  Isham  G.  Harris,  a  strong  Seces 
sionist. 

The  people  of  the  North  looked  on  in  wonder  and  aston 
ishment  at  this  action  of  the  "  Cotton  "  States,  and  when  those 
States  began  to  arm  and  equip  soldiers  for  the  purpose  of 
enforcing  the  secession  movement,  the  loyal  people  were 
amazed.  The  South  had  already  taken  forcible  possession  of 
forts  and  arsenals,  and  the  sad  truth  began  to  dawn  on  the 
minds  of  the  loyal  North  that  war,  withtall  its  horrors,  was 
inevitable — that  the  "  Irrepressible  Conflict"  was  upon  them. 

This  southern  falacy  of  a  Union  based  on  dis-nnion  at  the 
option  of  any  one  of  the  contracting  States,  could  not  be  tol 
erated  by  the  majority  of  the  people  of  the  North  ;  irrespective 
therefore  of  party  affiliations,  preparations  were  begun  to 
oppose  the  action  taken  by  their  southern  brethren. 

At  a  meeting  of  the  Board  of  Officers  of  the  NINTH,  held 
on  the  5th  of  January,  and  upon  request  of  the  officers  of 
Company  C,  a  resolution  was  passed,  dropping  the  name  of 
"City  Guard,"  Company  C  afterwards  assuming  that  title 


22  THE    NINTH    NEW    YORK.  1861 

exclusively.      On  the  22nd,  Captain  Mansfield   Lovell,  in  a  let 
ter  to  Company  C,  tendered  his  resignation. 

Towards  the  end  of  the  month,  a  cabinet  officer  electrified 
the  North,  and  gave  the  key-note  to  the  loyal  people  of  the 
United  States,  by  making  use  of  an  expression,  in  a  telegram 
of  instructions  to  a  special  agent  of  the  government  at  New 
Orleans.  This  agent  had  been  sent  there  by  the  Treasury 
Department  for  the  purpose  of  securing  the  revenue  cutters 
Robert  McClelland  and  Lewis  Cass,  from  seizure  by  the  State 
of  Louisiana.  The  agent,  William  Hemphill  Jones,  ordered 
Captain  Breshwood,  commanding  the  McClelland,  to  take  his 
vessel  to  New  York.  On  Breshwood's  refusal  to  comply, 
Jones  telegraphed  to  the  Secretary  of  the  Treasury  and  asked 
for  further  instructions.  The  following  is  the  reply  ; 

Washington,  Jan.  29,  1861. 
WM.  HEMPHILL  JONES, 

New  Orleans. 

Tell  Lieutenant  Caldwell  (presumably  the  Second  officer)  to  arrest  Captain  Bresh 
wood,  assume  command  of  the  cutter,  and  obey  the  order  I  gave  through  you.     If 
Captain   Breshwood,  after  arrest,  undertakes  to   interfere  with  the   command   of  the 
cutter,  Lieutenant  Caldwell  is  to  consider  him  as  a  mutineer,  and  treat  him  accordingly. 
If  anyone  attempts  to  haul  down  the  American  flag ,  shoot  him  on  the  spot. 

JOHN  A.  DIX, 

Secretary  of  the  Treasury. 

On  the  Qth  of  February,  at  Montgomery,  Alabama,  Jeffer 
son  Davis,  of  Mississippi,  was  elected  Provisional  President  of 
the  so-called  "  Confederate  States,"  and  Alexander  H.  Stephens, 
of  Georgia,  Vice-President,  and  they  were  inaugurated  on  the 
iSth  of  the  month. 

Washington's  Birthday,  the  22nd,  was  duly  celebrated  by 
the  First  division,  N.  Y.  S.  M.,  whose  members,  at  an  early 
hour,  assembled  at  their  respective  drill-rooms.  At  sunrise,  a 
salute  of  five  hundred  guns,  ordered  by  Governor  Edwin  D. 
Morgan,  was  fired  from  the  Battery.  The  Military  was 
formed  on  Fourteenth  Street,  and  after  being  reviewed  by  the 
Governor,  wheeled  into  column  by  companies,  and  marched 
down  Broadway,  up  Park  Row,  through  the  east  gate  of  the 
City  Hall  Park,  and  in  passing  gave  a  marching  salute  to  the 


1861  WAR — OFFICIAL    DOCUMENTS.  25 

City  Fathers.  The  NINTH  paraded  six  companies  of  twelve 
files,  with  full  band  and  drum  corps. 

On  March  4th,  President  Lincoln  was  duly  inaugurated, 
and  the  Ship  of  State  entered  upon  a  tempestuous  sea. 

By  special  order  No.  27,  March  2ist,  A.  G.  O.,  Albany, 
Company  B,  of  the  Twenty-third  regiment,  "  National 
Grays,"  was  transferred  to  the  NINTH,  and  became  Company 
F.  This  company  was  organized  and  mustered  into  the  State 
service,  May  4th,  1860,  but  owing  to  the  fact  that  a  sufficient 
number  had  not  been  enrolled  to  entitle  the  organization  to  a 
regimental  charter,  the  transfer  was  made.  The  officers  of 
the  new  company  and  date  of  rank,  were  :  Captain  Allan 
Rutherford,  May  Qth,  1860  ;  First-Lieutenant,  Edward  Thorn, 
sarn2  date  ;  Second-Lieutenant,  Charles  R.  Braine,  April  gth, 
1861. 

On  the  25th  of  March,  a  regimental  order  directed  that 
the  quarterly  meeting  of  the  Board  of  Officers  be  held  on 
April  6th.  at  their  room,  No.  71  University  Place,  corner  of 
East  Thirteenth  Street,  at  which  the  committee  on  regimental 
name  would  report.  On  the  2Qth,  another  regimental  order 
was  issued,  from  which  we  make  the  following:  extract : 

o 

The  members  of  this  command  are  hereby  directed  to  appear,  in  full  fatigue 
uniform  at  the  City  Armory,  corner  of  Elm  and  White  streets,  on  Friday  evening,  the 
19th  of  April  next,  at  eight  o'clock,  at  which  hour  the  Regimental  line  will  be  formed, 
for  instruction  and  drill  in  street  firing. 

WAR. 
The  following  are  copies  of  official  documents  : 

HEADQUARTERS,  PROVISIONAL  ARMY,  C.  S.  A. 

Charleston,  S.  C.,  April  \  \th,  1861. 

SIR  .  The  Government  of  the  Confederate  States  has  hitherto  forborne  from  any- 
hostile  demonstration  against  Fort  Sumter,  in  the  hope  that  the  Government  of  the 
United  States,  \vith  a  view  to  the  amicable  adjustment  of  all  questions  between  the 
two  Governments,  and  to  avert  the  calamities  of  war,  would  voluntarily  evacuate  it. 

There  was  reason  at  one  time  to  believe  that  such  would  be  the  course  pursued  by 
the  Government  of  the  United  States,  and  under  that  impression  my  Government  has 
refrained  from  making  any  demand  for  the  surrender  of  the  fort.  But  the  Confederate 
States  can  no  longer  delay  assuming  actual  possession  of  a  fortification  commanding 
the  entrance  of  one  of  their  harbors,  and  necessary  to  its  defense  and  security. 


24  THE    NINTH    NEW    YORK.  1861 

I  am  ordered  by  the  Government  of  the  Confederate  States  to  demand  the  evacua 
tion  of  Fort  Sumter.  My  aides,  Colonel  Chesnut  and  Captain  Lee,  are  authorized  to 
make  such  demand  of  you.  All  proper  facilities  will  he  afforded  for  the  removal  of 
yourself  and  command,  together  with  company  arms  and  property,  and  all  private 
property,  to  any  post  in  the  United  States  which  you  may  select,  the  flag  which  you 
have  upheld  so  long  and  with  so  much  fortitude,  under  the' most  trying  circumstances, 
may  be  saluted  by  you,  on  taking  it  clown. 

Colonel  Chesnut  and  Captain  Lee  will,  for  a  reasonable  time,  await  your  answer. 
1  am,  sir,  very  respectfully,  your  obedient  servant, 
G.  T.  BEAUREGARD, 

Brig  a  flier-  Genera!  Commanding . 
Major  ROBERT  ANDERSON, 

Commanding  Fort  Snmter,  Charleston  Harbor,  S.  C. 

[The   Reply. | 

FORT  SUMTER,  S.  C.,  April  11,  1861. 

GENERAL  :  I  have  the  honor  to  acknowledge  the  receipt  of  your  communication, 
demanding  the  evacution  of  this  fort,  and  to  say,  in  reply  thereto,  that  it  is  a  demand 
with  which  I  regret  that  my  sense  of  honor,  and  of  my  obligations  to  my  Government, 
prevent  my  compliance.  Thanking  you  for  the  fair,  manly,  and  courteous  terms  pro 
posed,  and  tor  the  high  compliment  paid  me, 

I  am,  General,  very  respectfully  your  obedient  servant, 

ROBERT  ANDERSON, 
Major  First  Artillery,  Commanding . 
Brig. -General  BEAUREGARD, 

Commanding  Provisional  Army. 

CHARLESTON,  S.  C.,  April  \2th,  1861,  three-twenty  A.  M. 

SIR:     By  authority  of  Brigadier-General  Beauregard,  commanding  the  Provisional 
Forces  of  the  Confederate  States,  we  have  the  honor  to  notify  you,  that  he  will  open 
the  fire  of  his  batteries  on  Fort  Sumter  in  one  hour  from  this  time. 
We  have  the  honor  to  be,  very  respectfully,  your  obedient  servants, 

JAMES  CHESNUT,  JR., 

A  ide-  de-ca  mp . 
STEPHEN  I).  LEE, 

Captain,  C.  S.  Army,  Aide-de-camp. 
Maj.  ROBERT  ANDERSON, 

U .  S.  Army,  Commanding  Fort  Sumter. 

HEADQUARTERS  PROVISIONAL  FORCES. 

Charleston,  S.  C.,  April  I2///.  1861. 
Hon.  L.  P.  WALKER,  Secretary  of  War. 

SIR:  I  have  the  honor  to  transmit  the  enclosed  copy  of  a  correspondence  with 
Major  Anderson,  in  consequence  of  which  our  fire  was  opened  upon  Fort  Sumter  at 
half-past  four  o'clock  this  morning,  as  already  communicated  to  you  by  telegraph. 
The  pilots  reported  to  me  last  evening  that  a  steamer  supposed  to  be  the  Harriet 
Lane,  had  appeared  off  the  harbor.  She  approached  slowly,  and  was  lying  off  the 
main  entrance,  some  ten  or  twelve  miles,  when  the  pilot  came  in. 
Respectfully,  your  obedient  servant, 

G.  T.  BEAUREGARD, 

Brigadier-General  Commanding* 


i<S6i  FORT    SUMTER    EVACUATED.  2$ 

At  half-past  four  o'clock,  on  the  morning  of  the  I2th,  the 
Rebels  opened  fire  on  Fort  Sumter.  It  is  not  necessary  to 
rehearse  the  action  of  Major  Anderson  and  his  brave  asso 
ciates  ;  suffice  it  to  say,  that  afte-r  a  bombardment  lasting 
nearly  two  days,  and  when  most  of  his  guns  were  dismounted 
and  the  garrison  in  danger  of  being  destroyed  in  the  conflag 
ration  caused  by  the  burning  buildings,  the  Major  was  obliged 
to  surrender.  The  evacuation  took  place  on  the  I4th,  the  vic 
tors  "  graciously "  allowing  the  vanquished  to  salute  and 
haul  down  their  flag,  after  which  they  were  transferred  to  the. 
steamer  Baltic,  lying  off  the  bar,  and  conveyed  to  New  York. 

The  news  that  the  Rebels  had.  t;  let  loose  the  dogs  of  war," 
spread  with  lightning  rapidity  wherever  there  was  telegraphic 
communication,  and  from  thence  by  word  of  mouth  to  every 
hamlet  in  the  land.  From  that  moment,  the  citizens  of  the 
North  and  South — with  a  few  exceptions — casting  aside  party 
ties,  made  their  choice  to  stand  by  their  sections,  each  side 
appealing  to  the  God  of  battles,  and  praying  that  He  would 
grant  them  the  victory. 

In  all  the  Northern  cities,  towns,  villages  and  hamlets, 
meetings  were  .held  to  discuss  the  strange  situation.  The 
people  resolved  to  support  the  Government  and  those  officers- 
legally  elected  to  enforce  its  laws,  pledging  their  honor,  lives,, 
and  treasure,  to  that  end. 

SUMTER.* 

BY  J.  WOODRUFF  LEWIS. 
I. 

Sullen  clouds  the  night  o'er-cast, 

But  in  the  murky  gloom, 
An  eager  host  is  gathering  fast. 
Impatient  for  the  bugle's  blast — 
The  martial  note — to  some  the  last, 

That  summons  to  the  tomb. 

*  These  lines  were  written  by  Major  Lewis,  after  reading  the  telegraphic  account 
of  the  attack  on  Fort  Sumter,  and  delivered  at  the  close  of  an  entertainment,  "  An 
Evening  with  the  Poets,"  at  Canton,  N.  Y.,  April  17,  1861,  after  which  he  announced 
his  immediate  departure  for  New  York  to  enlist  in  the  9th  Regiment  for  the  War. 
The  announcement  was  received  with  great  enthusiasm. 


-6  THE    NINTH    NEW    YORK.  1661 

II. 

Hark,  that  roar  !  Night  thrills  and  quakes  ! 

It  is  the  signal  gun  ! 
That  booming  from  the  Battery  wakes 
The  mother's  hopes  and  fears,  and  makes 
The  patriot  heart,  for  loved  one's  sakes, 

Weep  tears  for  War  begun  ' 


And  now  the  guns  from  Sumter  tell 

Back  the  answering  tale  ! 
While  from  the  shores  adjacent  knell, 
The  doom  of  men  by  shot  and  shell, 
The  fall — the  groan— the  wild  farewell — 
While  battle-smoke,  like  pall  of  Hell. 

Makes  new-born  widows  pale  ! 

IV. 

Oh,  shattered  Hopes!     Oh,  night  of  Tears! 

Do  not  thy  curse  extend  ! 
By  all  the  future's  coming  years. 
By  all  humanity  dreads  and  fears — 
Oppression's  bonds — the  wrong  that  sears — 
By  each  home  that  manhood  rears — 
By  all  a  noble  heart  reveres — 

May  God  the  Right  Defend  ! 


On  the  1 5th  the  following  was  issued  : 

BY   THE  PRESIDENT  OF  THE  UNITED  STATES. 

A  PROCLAMATION  : 

WHEREAS  :.  The  laws  of  the  United  States  have  been  for  some  time  past  and  now 
are  opposed,  and  the  execution  thereof  obstructed,  in  the  States  of  South  Carolina, 
Georgia,  Alabama,  Florida,  Mississippi,  Louisiana,  and  Texas,  by  combinations  too 
powerful  to  be  suppressed  by  the  ordinary  course  of  judicial  proceedings,  or  by  the 
powers  vested  in  the  marshals  by  law : 

Now,  therefore,  I,  Abraham  Lincoln,  President  of  the  United  States,  in  virtue  of  the 
power  in  me  vested  by  the  Constitution  and  the  laws,  have  thought  fit  to  call  forth, 
and  hereby  do  call  forth,  the  militia  of  the  several  States  of  the  Union,  to  the  aggregate 
number  of  75,000,  in  order  to  suppress  said  combinations,  and  to  cause  the  laws  to  be 
duly  executed.  The  details  for  this  object  will  be  immediately  communicated  to  the 
State  authorities  through  the  War  Department. 

I  appeal  to  all  loyal  citizens  to  favor,  facilitate,  and  aid  this  effort  to  maintain  the 
honor,  the  integrity,  and  the  existence  of  our  National  Union  and  the  perpetuity  of 
popular  government,  and  to  redress  wrongs  already  long  endured. 

.  I  deem  it  proper  to  say  that  the  first  service  assigned  to  the  force  hereby  called 


1861  THK    MXTII    VOLUNTEERS.  2/ 

forth  will  probably  be  to  repossess  the  forts,  places,  and  property  which  have  been 
seized  from  the  Union,  and,  in  every  event,  the  utmost  care  will  be  observed,  consistently 
with  the  objects  aforesaid,  to  avoid  any  devastation,  any  destruction  of,  or  interference 
with  property,  or  any  disturbance  of  peaceful  citizens  in  any  part  of  the  country;  and  I 
hereby  command  the  persons  composing  the  combinations  aforesaid,  to  disperse  and 
retire  peaceably,  to  their  respective  abodes,  within  twenty  days  from  date. 

Deeming  that  the  present  condition  of  public  affairs  presents  an  extraordinary 
occasion,  I  do,  hereby,  in  virtue  of  the  power  in  me  vested  by  the  Constitution,  convene 
both  Houses  of  Congress.  The  Senators  and  Representatives  are  therefore  summoned 
to  assemble  at  their  respective  chambers  at  twelve  o'clock,  noon,  on  Thursday,  the 
fourth  day  of  July  next,  then  and  there  to  consider  and  determine  such  measures  as, 
in  their  wisdom,  the  public  safety  and  interest,  may  seem  to  demand. 

In  witness  whereof,  I  have  hereunto  set  my  hand,  and  caused  the  seal  of  the  United 
States  to  be  affixed. 

Done  at  the  City  of  Washington,  this  fifteenth  day  of  April,  in  the  year  of  our 
Lord  one  thousand  eight  hundred  and  sixty-one,  and  of  the  Independence  of  the 
United  States,  the  eighty-fifth. 

ABRAHAM    LINCOLN. 
By  the  President, 

WILLIAM  H.  SF.WARD, 

Secretary  of  State. 

On  the  1  9th,  in  obedience  to  order  No.  5,  the  NINTH 
assembled  at  the  City  Armory,  and  after  drill  a  meeting  was 
held,  resulting  in  the 


HEADQUARTERS,  yrn  REC.T.  N.  V.  S.  M., 

.-///-//  i9///,  1  86  r. 
SPECIAL  ORDER,  / 
No.    10.          ( 

The  members  of  this  command  having  voted  unanimously  to  tender  their  services 
to  their  country,  in  this  hour  of  its  need,  it  becomes  necessary  immediately  to  take 
steps  to  place  the  Regiment  upon  a  war  footing,  and  recruit  it  to  a  war  complement. 

A  Regimental  Recruiting  Station  will  therefore  be  forthwith  opened,  at  the 
Armory  of  Company  A  (Captain  Johnson),  at  ?Io.  481  Broadway. 

Commandants  of  companies  will  each  detail  two  men  from  their  respective  com 
mands  daily,  until  further  orders,  whc  will  report  for  duty  to  the  officer  in  command 
of  said  recruiting  station,  from  eight  A.  M.  till  seven  P.  M. 

An  officer  will  be  detailed  to  remain  in  command  of  said  station,  daily,  from  eight 
A.  M.  till  seven  P.  M.,  as  follows: 

From  Co.  A,  on  Saturday  2oth  inst.,  ;  from  Co.  C,  on  Monday,  22nd  inst.  ;  from  Co. 
D,  on  Tuesday,  23rd  inst.  ;  from  Co.  F,  on  Wednesday,  24th  inst.  ;  from  Co.  B,  on 
Thursday,  25th  inst.  ;  from  Co.  E,  on  Friday,  26th  inst.  ;  from  Co.  G,  on  Saturday,  27th 
inst.  ;  and  will  report  for  subsequent  days  in  the  same  order.  Adjutant  Coppinger, 
Captain  Davis,  Quartermaster  Henriques,  and  Lieut.  Banks  are  appointed  to  solicit 
and  collect  subscriptions  to  assist  in  defraying  the  expenses  of  equipping  recruits. 
By  order  of 

COLONEL  M.  M.  VAN  BEUREN. 

J.  B.  COPPINGER, 

Adjutant. 


28  THE    NINTH    NEW    YORK.  1861 

On  the  23rd  a  special  meeting  of  the  Board  of  Officers  was 
held,  at  which  it  was  decided  to  petition  the  Adjutant-General, 
to  allow  the  NINTH  to  serve  as  light  infantry  instead  of  heavy 
artillery.  The  application  was  informally  made,  and  on  the 
8th  of  May  the  following  extract  from  the  letter  received  by 
Captain  Rutherford  was  made  public  ; 

A  petition  from  the  officers  of  the  NINTH  regiment  to  be  ordered  to  do  duty  as  light 
infantry  has  been  received. 

The  application  should  properly  come  from  the  commandant  of  the  regiment. 
Will  you  please  get  the  Colonel,  or,  if  he  has  resigned,  the  Lieutenant-Colonel,  to  make 
-an  application  to  that  effect. 

On  the  /th  of  May,  an  inspection  and  parade  was  held  in 
Washington  Square,  at  half-past  one  P.  M.,  the  men  appearing 
in  fatigue  uniform  with  overcoats. 

On  the  iith  regimental  orders  No.  13  announced  the 
acceptance  of  the  resignation  of  Colonel  Van  Beuren,  and 
ordered  an  election  to  be  held  on  the  i6th  inst.  to  fill  the 
vacancy. 

Colonel  Michael  M.  Van  Beuren  first  entered  the  military 
service  of  the  State  of  New  York  as  a  member  of  the 
"Napoleon  Cadets,"  about  the  year  1840,  of  which  company 
he  was  afterwards  Captain.  Next  he  was  Major  of  the  Ninety- 
seventh  (ununiformecl)  regiment ;  then  Lieutenant-Colonel  of 
the  Twelfth  regiment.  On  February  ist,  1854,  he  was  elected 
Colonel  of  the  Eleventh  regiment,  and  resigned  in  May,  1858. 
Upon  the  re-organization  of  the  NINTH,  June  25th,  1859,  he 
was  commissioned  its  Colonel,  and  his  appointment  was 
endorsed  by  the  Board  of  Officers  on  the  following  6th  of 
December.  Although  he  desired  to  retire  from  active  military 
life,  Colonel  Van  Beuren  testified  his  loyalty,  and  the  interest 
he  took  in  the  fortunes  of  the  NINTH,  by  contributing  one 
thousand  dollars  towards  equipping  the  regiment  for  the  field. 

On  Thursday,  the  i6th,  a  meeting  of  the  Board  of  Officers 
was  held  to  elect  a  Colonel.  Lieutenant-Colonel  Hallick  hav 
ing  refused  to  allow  his  name  to  be  used,  the  choice  fell  upon 
ex-Colonel  John  W.  Stiles,  late  of  the  Eighth  and  Third 
regiments.  He  was  unanimously  elected. 


COLONEL    JOHN  W.   STILES. 


1861  OFFICERS    WHO    REMAINED    TRUE.  29 

On  the  i Qth  day  of  April — the  day  upon  which,  through 
Governor  Morgan  the  services  of  the  regiment  had  beqn 
tendered  to  the  government, — the  NINTH  was  composed  of 
only  six  companies,  averaging  about  fifty  men  each.  Stronger 
regiments  were  first  accepted,  however,  until  the  State's  quota, 
under  the  call  for  seventy-five  thousand  men,  had  been  filled. 
Steps  had  been  taken — as  narrated — to  fill  up  the  companies, 
and  also  to  raise  new  ones.  Unfortunately  for  this  purpose,  a 
number  of  officers  resigned.  Those  of  the  original  officers 
who  remained  true  to  the  interests  of  the  regiment  in  this 

O 

hour  of  need,  and  who  were  mustered  into  the  U.  S.  Service  on 
the  8th  of  June,  were,  Lieutenant-Colonel  William  H.  Hal- 
lick,  Adjutant  John  B.  Coppinger,  Engineer  Henry  L.  Stevens, 

Surgeon's- Mate   Edward  H.  Andrew  ; ,  Company  A  ; 

Lieutenants  Louis  Billon  and  John  Deppeler,  Company  B  ; 
Lieutenant  Charles  E.  Prescott,  Company  C  ;  Captain  John 
W.  Davis  and  Lieutenant  Edmund  R.  Greene,  Company  D  ; 
Captain  William  Atterbury  and  Lieutenant  Henry  S.  Brooks, 
Company  E  ;  and  Captain  Allan  Rutherford  and  Lieutenant 
Charles  R.  Braine,  Company  F.  Company  G,  familiarly 
known  as  the  "Growlers"  during  the  war,  was  recruited  during 
the  month  of  April,  through  the  efforts  of  the  Captain  of 
Company  E,  \Villiam  Atterbury,  Sergeant-Major  John  Hend- 
rickson,  and  Sergeant  Joseph  D.  Wickham,  who  were  elected 
on  April  25th,  Captain,  First  and  Second  Lieutenants,  respect 
ively.  Lieutenant  Coppinger  and  Corporal  Matthew  S.  Gregory 
also  exerted  themselves  to  recruit  the  company.  Company  H, 
"the  Hams,"  was  originally  organized  by  Mr.  James  Young, 
principally  from  the  members  of  the  Volunteer  Fire  Department, 
and  the  transfer  of  "  fire  laddies  "  from  other  companies  ;  but  as 
sufficient  progress  had  not  been  made,  about  May  2Oth,  Mr. 
Young  withdrew,  and  Messrs.  George  Tuthill,  John  T.  Lock- 
man  and  Charles  E.  Tuthill  completed  the  organization,  and 
were  elected  on  May  24th  to  the  various  positions  in  the  order 
named.  In  January,  Captain  Lovell  of  Company  C,  went 
South,  where  he  was  soon  rewarded  with  a  Major-General's 


3O  THE    NINTH    NEW    YORK.  1861 

commission  in  the  Rebel  army,  and  assigned  to  the  command  of 
Department  No.  i,  headquarters  at  New  Orleans. 

The  officers  of  the  several  companies,  besides  attending  to 
the  recruiting,  drilled  their  commands  daily,  generally  choos 
ing  Washington  Square  for  that  purpose. 

At  this  time  the  militia  regiments — with  one  exception, 
the  Seventh, — had  none  other  than  company  quarters,  and 
those  were  not  large  enough  for  even  company  drill,  battalion 
movements  perforce  were  performed  in  the  open  air — in  some 
convenient  lot  on  the  outskirts  of  the  city,  or  in  the  public 
parks. 

Great  care  was  exercised  in  the  selection  of  the  men  com 
posing  the  NINTH,  each  applicant  was  obliged  to  undergo  a 
critical  examination  by  the  surgeon,  and  so  strict  were  the 
officers  respecting  persons  of  doubtful  moral  character,  that 
few  such  gained  admittance.  While  some  financial  aid  was 
given  by  the  Union  Defence  Committee,  many  of  the  mem 
bers  purchased  their  own  uniforms.  The  fatigue  uniform, 
worn  upon  entering  the  service,  consisted  of  a  cap  of  the  French 
pattern,  braided  in  gilt,  the  regiment's  number  in  front  ;  a 
jacket,  and  overcoat  with  cape  of  dark  blue;  the  cuffs  of  jacket 
and  coat,  and  coat  cape,  trimmed  with  red  ;  the  trousers  were 
dark  blue  with  a  stripe  of  red  cloth  down  the  sides.  The 
equipments  were  of  morocco  with  brass  ornaments  ;  the  regi 
mental  number  was  painted  on  the  back  of  the  knapsacks. 

The  regiment  had  now  eight  companies,  embracing  over 
eight  hundred  men,  and  after  having  waited  for  weeks  in  daily 
expectation  of  orders  to  proceed  to  Washington,  the  men 
became  much  dissatisfied  and  urged  the  officers  to  assume 
the  responsibility  and  go  ahead.  Upon  it  being  represented 
to  them  that  the  U.  S.  Government  would  gladly  accept  the 
services  of  the  regiment  on  its  arrival  in  Washington,  it  was 
decided  to  leave  the  city  as  soon  as  transportation  could  be 
secured,  and  without  waiting  for  authority  from  the  State  of 
New  York. 

The  following  orders  explain  themselves. 


i86i  PREPARING    FOR    WAR.  31 


HEADQUARTERS,  pTH  REGT.  N.  Y.  S.  MILITIA, 

New  York,  May  24*6,  1861. 
GENERAL  ORDERS,  ) 
No.  9!  f 

The  members  of  this  Command  are  hereby  directed  to  assemble  for  muster  (with 
out  arms)  in  full  fatigue  uniform,  with  knapsacks,  and  overcoats  rolled  thereon,  at 
Washington  Square,  south  side,  right  resting  on  Wooster  Street,  on  Saturday,  May  25th, 
at  two  o'clock,  P.  M.  Every  man  is  required  to  be  prepared  for  instant  departure,  to 
which  end  he  will  have  his  entire  kit  in  complete  order,  as  the  regiment  will  march 
immediately,  if  it  can  be  got  in  readiness.  Blankets  will  be  supplied  on  the  requisition 
of  the  commandants  of  companies,  by  Quartermaster  Henriques,  at  Headquarters, 
No.  71  University  Place.  All  the  officers  and  non-commissioned  officers  of  the  regiment 
are  directed  to  report  themselves  at  Headquarters,  Saturday  morning,  at  nine  o'clock, 
for  special  orders  in  regard  to  their  companies.  The  Drum  Sergeant  and  Corps  are 
directed  to  report  to  Adjutant  Coppinger,  on  the  ground,  at  ten  minutes  before  two 
P.  M.  By  order 

JOHN  W.  STILES, 

Colonel  Commanding. 

J.  B.  COPPINGKR, 
Adjutant. 

HEADQUARTERS,  9th  REGT.  N.  Y.  S.  MILITIA, 

New  York,  May  24/6,  1861. 
.SPECIAL  ORDERS,  £ 
No.  16.  \ 

In  order  that  the  regiment  may  be  prepared  to  march  to  the  seat  of  war  at  twenty- 
four  hours'  notice,  orders  for  which  may  be  expected  daily,  special  attention  is  called  to 
the  following  : 

Officers  will  report  daily,  at  nine  o'clock,  A.  M.,  at  the  regimental  headquarters,  for 
orders. 

Commandants  of  companies  will  report  to  the  Colonel,  for  orders  to  fill  vacancies, 
of  commissioned  or  non-commissioned  officers.  Officers  who  have  not  received  their 
commissions  will  report  the  same. 

Quartermaster  Henriques,  or  his  assistant,  will  be  at  headquarters  daily,  from 
nine  A.  M.  to  eight  P.  M.  to  attend  to  requisitions  from  companies  for  clothing  and 
equipments  which  may  be  necessary  to  complete  the  outfit  of  their  respective  com 
mands. 

The  Quartermaster  is  directed  to  prepare  the  necessary  requisitions  for  the  regi 
ment,  upon  the  State  Quartermaster  and  Commissary. 

The  requisition  for  clothing  and  equipments  will  be  filled  by  the  Union  Defense 
Committee.  The  requisitions  of  the  companies  to  complete  their  equipment,  must  be 
consolidated  this  day,  and  handed  to  the  Union  Defense  Committee,  Commandants  of 
companies  will  see  that  their  men  are  furnished  with  the  following  spare  clothing,  viz.: 
two  flannel  shirts,  two  pairs  woolen  socks,  one  pair  woolen  trousers,  one  pair  boots  or 
.shoes. 

All  clothing  should  be  marked  with  the  owner's  name. 

By  order 

JOHN  W.  STILES, 

Com  m  a  tiding  . 
J.  B.  COPPINGKR, 
Adjutant. 


32  THE    NINTH    NEW    YORK.  1861 

The  following  is  copied  from  the  Herald  (New  York)  of 
May  26th  : 

THE  NINTH  REGIMENT. 

THEIR   PARADE   YESTERDAY.      THEIR    DEPARTURE   TO-MORROW. 

In  obedience  to  a  general  order,  issued  from  the  headquarters  of  this  regiment,  the 
men  assembled  yesterday  afternoon  in  Washington  Square,  for  muster  and  inspection 
by  the  Union  Defense  Committee.  The  Commander,  Colonel  John  W.  Stiles,  instructed 
all  his  men  beforehand  to  have  everything  in  complete  order. 

At  the  appointed  time  (two  o'clock)  the  regiment  formed,  the  right  resting  on 
Wooster  Street. 

The  radiant  sunshine  which  sparkled  athwart  the  vendure  of  the  parade  ground, 
and  flashed  against  the  brilliant  uniforms  of  the  gayNlNTH.made  the  scene  a  very 
pleasing  one  to  the  hundreds  of  persons  who  had  congregated  to  witness  the  parade. 
This  regiment  is  composed  of  as  fine  a  body  of  men  as  any  that  have  yet  left  the 
Empire  City,  and  every  one  of  them  fills  his  uniform  to  perfection.  They  are  mostly 
above  the  medium  height,  and  look  both  intelligent  and  respectable.  The  proficiency 
which  they  showed  yesterday  was  gratifying  in  the  extreme,  and  proved  that  the  men 
had  not  been  idle  from  the  time  they  entered  on  a  soldier's  duty. 

After  the  review  in  Washington  Parade  Ground,  the  regiment  was  inspected  by 
the  Union  Defense  Committee  in  Fourteenth  Street.  The  Colonel  has  issued  an  order 
for  the  members  of  the  regiment  to  assemble  at  two  o'clock  to-morrow,  which  is  as 
follows : 


GENERAL  ORDERS,  ) 


HEADQUARTERS,  NINTH  REGIMENT, 

New  York,  May  26,  1861. 


No.    10. 

This  regiment  will  march  for  Washington  on  Monday  afternoon  the  271)1  inst. 
Members  of  the  command  are  hereby  directed  to  assemble  at  their  respective  armories 
(without  arms)  in  full  fatigue  uniform,  with  knapsacks  packed  and  overcoats  rolled 
thereon,  haversack,  canteens,  etc.,  on  Monday  afternoon,  the  2/th  inst.,  at  two 
o'clock. 

The  regimental  line  will  be  formed  at  three  o'clock  precisely,  on  Fourteenth  Street, 
right  on  Broadway.  Officers  will  carry  their  overcoats  slung.  The  non-commissioned 
staff  and  drum  corps  will  report  to  Adjutant  Coppinger  on  the  ground,  at  ten 
minutes  before  three. 

.  All  company  officers  baggage  must  be  delivered  at  regimental  headquarters,  No. 
71  University  Place,  corner  Thirteenth  Street,  before  twelve  M.  on  Monday. 

First  sergeants  are  directed  to  inspect  the  kit  of  every  man  in  their  respective  com 
mands,  and  report  to  the  Adjutant  on  the  ground,  with  their  companies,  at  ten  min 
utes  before  three  P.  M. 

By  order  of 

COLONEL  JOHN  W.  STILES. 
J.  B.  COPPINGER, 

Adjutant. 

Mr.   Charles   K.    Herrick,  of  75   John   Street,  notified   the 
regiment  that  he  would  supply  the  members,  gratis,  with   one 


l86l  THE    START    FOR    THE    SEAT    OF    WAR.  33 

thousand  havelocks  ;  a  most  kind  and  generous  act  on  his  part,- 
and  which  was  gratefully  acknowledged  by  the  regiment. 

The  afternoon  of  the  2;th  found  the  men  assembled 
according  to  orders.  Line  was  formed  on  Fourteenth  Street, 
the  right  resting  near  University  Place.  As  the  regiment  was 
about  to  leave  the  State  without  the  sanction  of  the  Governor, 
the  men  were  without  arms,  those  previously  used  belonging 
to  the  State.  Eight  hundred  and  fifty  men  answered  to  roll 
call.  The  officers,  on  being  called  to  the  front  and  center, 
were  briefly  addressed  by  ex-Colonel  Van  Beuren,  who  feel 
ingly  expressed  the  honor  and  pleasure  it  gave  him  to  see  the 
regiment  before  its  departure  ;  he  wished  all  an  early  and  safe 
return.  The  ranks,  meanwhile,  had  been  broken  by  the  rela 
tives  and  friends  of  the  men.  Many  mothers  and  sisters  could 
hardly  be  induced  to  part  with  their  dear  ones.  As  for  wives, 
few  in  the  regimenc  were  old  enough  to  possess  such  connec 
tions — for  boys  they  were,  the  average  age  being  less  than 
twenty-three  years.  Sweethearts  were  plenty,  however,  and 
they,  too,  had  to  say  "good-bye,  God  bless  and  preserve  you," 
to  ,  their  favorite  soldier  lads.  Many  a  silent  prayer  was 
offered  up  for  the  safety  of  all. 

At  last  the  command  "  Fall  in,"  was  given,  and  with  elastic 
step  and  determined  carriage,  the  uniformed  citizens  marched— 
at  about  four  o'clock — to  the  stirring  strains  of  the  band  and 
drum  corps.  The  column  was  formed  by  platoons,  and 
marched  through  Fourteenth  Street  to  Broadway,  into  which 
it  wheeled  with  much  difficulty,  owing  to  the  crowd  of  people 
which  thronged  into  the  thoroughfare.  The  march  was  of  a 
very  different  character  from  the  parade  of  peaceful  times  ;  in 
many  places  the  street  was  so  densely  packed  that  it  was  diffi 
cult  to  make  any  headway,  and  the  shouting  and  cheering 
which  greeted  the  regiment  at  every  step  was  deafening. 
Loyal  lasses  actually  kissed  the  boys,  while  presenting  them 
with  more  substantial  tokens  of  their  affection,  in  the  shape  of 
necessary  articles  for  use  in  the  field — pin-cushions,  housewife, 
and  the  like. 

The    great    heart    of    the    metropolis    beat    strongly    in 


34  THE    NINTH    NEW    YORK.  May 

sympatny  and  in  encouragement  for  the  gallant  fellows  who 
represented  its  loyal  and  vigorous  manhood,  and  the  people 
who  lined  the  streets  voiced  the  popular  sentiment  by  every 
conceivable  demonstration  of  admiration  and  affection.  The 
march  was  continued  down  Broadway  to  Cortlandt  Street, 
thence  to  the  Jersey  City  ferry,  which  was  reached  at  half-past 
six  o'clock.  Here  the  throng  was  so  dense  that  great  delay 
was  occasioned,  and  it  was  not  till  seven  o'clock  that  the  lines 
were  cast  off  and  the  boat  allowed  to  proceed  to  Jersey  City. 
As  the  men  marched  on  board  the  boat  to  the  tune  of  "  The 
Girl  I  left  Behind  Me,"  cheers  rent  the  air,  which  drowned  for 
a  time  the  music  of  the  band.  It  was  with  many  sighs  of 
regret  that  both  the  girls  and  the  band  were  left  behind. 

A  sad  accident,  causing  the  first  loss  of  life  in  the  regiment 
in  its  war  history,  occurred  as  the  train  came  to  a  stop  near 
Bordentown.  The  careless  discharge  of  a  pistol  in  the  hands  of 
a  member,  almost  instantly  killed  Private  Thomas  C.  Pollock 
of  Company  D.  He  was  standing  on  the  canal  bank  at  the 
moment,  and  when  shot  fell  into  the  water.  Private  Charles 
H.  Gesner,  of  Company  D,  plunged  in  and  recovered  the  body, 
from  which  life  was  already  extinct.  The  corpse,  in  charge  of 
the  gallant  Gesner,  was  returned  to  sorrowing  friends  in  New 
York. 

After  many  delays  the  train  reached  Camden  at  five  o'clock 
on  the  following  morning,  the  regiment  crossing  the  Delaware 
river  to  Philadelphia,  and,  marching  through  the  streets  to  the 
Baltimore  Station,  it  was  again  on  the  cars  at  seven  o'clock. 
The  loyal  city  of  Wilmington,  Delaware,  was  soon  passed  ;  and 
when  the  train  stopped  at  Havre-de-Grace,  some  little  excite 
ment  was  occasioned  by  the  discovery  of  a  rebel  flag  floating 
over  one  of  the  houses.  A  few  of  the  members  visited  the 
house  and  compelled  the  owner  to  haul  down  the  rag  and  hoist 
the  stars  and  stripes.  The  Susquehanna  was  crossed,  by  the 
ferry-boat  Maryland.  Baltimore  was  reached  at  one  o'clock 
in  the  afternoon,  and  as  the  NINTH  were  without  arms,  it  was 
expected  that  the  Eighth,  N.  Y.  S.  M.,  would  receive  and  escort 
them  through  the  city  to  the  Washington  Station  ;  but  no- 


l86l  ARRIVAL    AT    WASHINGTON.  35 

escort  appeared.  The  crowd,  which  soon  gathered,  was  an 
orderly  one,  but  it  was  easy  to  see  that  the  advent  of  the  NINTH 
was  not  pleasing  to  the  majority.  Some  few  patriotic  and 
fearless  people  offered  the  men  ice  water  and  other  refresh 
ments,  which  were  gladly  accepted,  the  men  being  much 
fatigued  by  the  excitement  of  the  past  two  or  three  days.  A 
train  was  in  waiting  when  the  regiment  reached  the  station  ; 
the  men  were  soon  on  board,  and  the  cars  rolled  out.  The 
Relay  House  was  passed  without  a  halt.  Union  troops  were 
noticed  all  along  the  line  performing  guard  duty.  At  five 
o'clock  in  the  afternoon — the  28th — the  NINTH  reached  Wash 
ington,  the  two  hundred  and  twenty-eight  miles  being  covered 
in  twenty-one  hours.  The  men  were  happy  in  the  thought  of 
having  arrived  safely  at  their  destination,  and  were  ready  to  do 
their  part  towards  the  defense  of  the  Capital. 


36  THE  NINTH  NEW  YORK.  May 


CHAPTER  III. 

WASHINGTON.— THE  ROCKVILLE  CAMPAIGN. 

The  NINTH  in  Washington. — Armed  and  Equipped. — Reviewed  by  the  President. — 
Camp  Cameron. — The  Seventh  N.  Y.  S.  M. — "General  Orders,  No.  12." — Guard 
and  Picket  Duty. — A  Laughable  Adventure. — Beauregard's  "  Beauty  and  Booty  " 
Proclamation.— -Mustered  In. — Register  of  the  Regiment. — Colonel  Stone's  Com 
mand. — The  Maiden  March. — Rockville. — The  First  New  Hampshire.— The 
Camp. — On  the  March  Again. — An  Alarm. — Darnestown. — Camp  Stone. — Camp 
Sanford. — Detail  for  Picket. — Poolesville. — The  Potomac. — Camp  Hall. — Picket 
Firing. — Muster  and  Inspection. — Election  of  a  Major. — Point  of  Rocks. — 
Detachment  sent  to  Sandy  Hook. — Celebration  of  the  Fourth  of  July. — "  Baptism 
by  Fire." — The  Loss. — Sharpsburg. — Into  Virginia. — Letters. 

f  T  would  be  difficult  to  describe  the  condition  of  affairs  at 
this  time.  Loyal  men  knew  not  whom  to  trust.  Regular 
army  officers  were  resigning  and  casting  their  lot  with  the 
secessionists,  and  many  in  the  civil  service  were  held  in  dis 
trust.  Almost  a  majority  of  the  inhabitants  of  Washington 
were  disloyal  ;  a  large  number  remaining  so  through  the  whole 
war,  while  a  few  acted  as  spies  for  the  Confederates. 

The  Woodward  building,  on  Pennsylvania  Avenue,  near 
Tenth  Street,  was  designated  as  quarters  for  the  regiment ; 
some  of  the  members,  however,  found  better  accommodations 
at  hotels  and  boarding-houses.  Not  having  as  yet  been 
sworn  into  the  service,  the  men  were  privileged  to  go  where 
they  pleased. 

The  following  day  was  spent  by  most  of  .the  regiment  in 
rambling  about  the  city,  scanning  the  bulletin  boards  for  the 
latest  news,  and  comparing  notes  with  chance  acquaintances. 

On  the  3Oth,  the  regiment  marched  to  the  Arsenal,  at  the 
foot  of  Four-and-a-half  Street,  where  Harper's  Ferry  smooth 
bore  buck  and  ball  muskets,  caliber  .69  were  issued  ;  after 
which  it  marched  in  review  at  the  White  House,  before  Presi 
dent  Lincoln,  his  Cabinet,  and  General  Scott. 


1 86 1  CAMP    CAMERON.  37 

On  the  morning  of  the  3ist,  it  was  announced  that  the 
regiment  was  to  occupy  Camp  Cameron,  on  Meridian  Hill, 
where  the  Seventh  N.  Y.  S.  M.,  were  then  quartered  ;  the 
thirty  day's  term  of  that  regiment  having  expired,  they  had 
been  ordered  to  New  York.  A  detail  for  guard  duty  was  at 
once  made,  consisting  of  Captain  Allan  Rutherford,  Officer  of 
the  Day  ;  Lieutenant  Erastus  R.  Miller,  Officer  of  the  Guard  ; 
and  Sergeant  Angus  Cameron,  Sergeant  of  the  Guard.  They 
proceeded  to  Camp  Cameron  and  relieved  the  Guard  of  the 
Seventh. 

At  three  o'clock  in  the  afternoon,  line  was  formed,  and  the 
regiment  marched  to  its  first  camp,  two  miles  distant  on  the 
Harper's  Ferry  road.  The  Seventh  was  found  drawn  up  in 
line,  and  as  the  NINTH  marched  by,  it  received  the  compli 
ment  of  a  salute. 

The  camp  was  taken  possession  of  at  half-past  five,  the 
Seventh  leaving  the  NINTH  as  a  legacy  their  wall-tents,  all  of 
which  were  floored,  and  many  of  them  containing  mattresses, 
chairs,  wash-basins,  etc.,  while  some  were  even  supplied  with 
a  generous  quantity  of  canned  meats  and  other  substantial 
comforts,  all  of  which  were  thankfully  received,  and  the 
extreme  generosity  of  their  fellow  soldiers  fully  appreciated. 

The  following  order  was  issued  for  the  government  of  the 

camp  : 

HEADQUARTERS,  NINTH  REGIMENT, 

Camp  Cameron,  Washington,  D.  C. 

May  3 is/,  1861. 
GENERAL  ORDERS,  \ 
No.    12.  \ 

Reveille  will  be  heat  at  sunrise,  under  the  direction  of  the  officer  of  the  guard, 
\vhen  the  men  will  rise,  and  sentinels  leave  off  challenging.  A  commissioned  officer 
will,  fifteen  minutes  thereafter,  superintend  the  roll  call  of  each  company,  by  the  first 
sergeants,  upon  the  company  parades,  and  the  captain  of  each  report  the  names  of 
absentees  to  the  Colonel  or  commanding  officer.  Immediately  after  the  reveille  roll  call, 
the  tents  of  each  company,  and  the  space  around  them,  will  be  cleaned  and  put  in 
neat  order  by  the  men  of  the  companies,  superintended  by  the  chiefs  of  squads  or 
messes,  and  the  quarters  of  the  guard  by  the  guard  or  prisoners. 

"  Peas  upon  a  trencher  "  will  be  beat  at  seven  o'clock.     "  Troop  "  is  to  sound  or 
beat  at  eight  o'clock  for  the  purpose  of  assembling  the  men  for  duty  and  inspection 
Before  guard  mounting. 

Company  drills  from  half-past  eight  to  half-past  nine  battalion  drills  from  ten  to 
eleven  A.  M.,  and  dress  parade  at  half-past  five  P.  M. 


38  THE  NINTH  NEW  YORK.  May 

The  morning  reports  of  the  companies,  signed  by  the  captains  and  first  sergeants, 
will  be  handed  to  the  Adjutant  before  eight  o'clock  A.  M.  and  be  consolidated  by  the 
Adjutant  within  the  next  hour,  for  the  information  of  the  commanding  officer  of  the 
regiment. 

The  guard  for  each  day  will  be  one  captain,  one  lieutenant,  one  sergeant,  three 
corporals,  and  ninety-six  privates,  furnished  by  detail  from  each  company. 

Guard  mounting  at  half-past  nine,  at  which  time  the  officer  of  the  day,  the  officer 
of  the  guard  and  the  detail  for  the  day,  will  assemble  on  the  regimental  parade  and  be 
formed  by  the  adjutant  and  the  sergeant-major. 

The  "  Surgeon's  Call  "  will  be  sounded  immediately  after  guard  mounting,  when 
the  sick,  able  to  go  out,  will  be  conducted  by  the  first  sergeants  to  the  hospital  tents, 
for  the  examination  of  the  surgeons.  Patients  unable  to  attend  the  dispensary  will  be 
visited  by  the  surgeon. 

The  camp  will  be  inspected  every  day  at  five  P.  M.  by  the  officer  of  the  day,  assisted 
by  the  officer  of  the  guard,  when  every  man  will  be  at  his  post — muskets  stacked  oppo 
site  respective  tents — quarters  clean  and  orderly. 

Every  man  is  required  to  give  the  strictest  attention  to  the  care  and  appearance  of 
his  uniform  and  equipments,  and  will  be  held  accountable  for  any  loss,  damage,  or 
injury  thereto,  other  than  reasonable  wear. 

"  Roast  Beef  "  at  twelve  M. 

"  Retreat  "  will  be  sounded  at  sun-set,  for  the  purpose  of  warning  officers  and  men; 
for  duty,  ami  reading  the  orders  of  the  day. 

"Tattoo"  will  be  sounded  at  half-past  nine  P.  M.,  after  which  no  soldier  is  to  be 
out  of  his  tent  or  quarters,  unless  by  special  leave ;  and  at  ten  o'clock,  the  "  Taps '" 
will  be  given,  when  all  noise  must  cease  in  camp,  and  lights  be  extinguished. 

The  body  belts  will  be  worn  on  all  occasions  when  the  men  are  out  of  camp ;  and 
no  article  of  dress,  other  than  the  regular  uniform,  will  be  permitted  to  be  worn  by  offi 
cer  or  soldier  when  on  duty,  or  when  out  of  camp. 

Divine  service  will  be  held  on  Sunday  at  ten  A.  M.  Every  officer  and  soldier,  not 
on  duty  or  the  sick  list,  is  expected  to  be  present,  in  uniform,  without  arms. 

All  absentees  at  roll-call,  without  leave,  will  be  punished  by  being  deprived  of 
recreation  for  one  week,  or  otherwise,  in  the  discretion  of  the  commanding  officer  of  the 
regiment.  No  compliment  by  guards  or  sentinels  will  be  paid  between  Retreat  and 
Reveille.  Strict  order  and  regularity  will  be  maintained  by  the  commandants  of 
companies,  and  they  will  be  held  accountable  for  a  want  of  disipline  in  their  respective 
commands,  and  will  take  proper  measures  to  enforce  it.  The  Articles  of  War  will  be 
read  by  the  commandants  of  companies  to  their  respective  commands,  immediately 
after  Inspection  ;  and  they  will  be  governed  by  the  rules  and  regulations  of  the  United 
States. 

Loaded  arms  shall  not  be  placed  in  stack  ;  nor  shall  any  piece,  except  those  of  the 
Guard,  and  for  immediate  target  practice,  or  in  apprehension  of  attack  or  necessity  for 
defense,  be  kept  loaded  upon  camp-ground. 

The  "  Assembly  "  is  the  signal  to  form  by  company. 

"  To  the  color  "  is  the  signal  to  form  by  battalion. 

"  The  Long  Roll  "  is  the  signal  for  getting  under  arms  in  case  of  alarm,  or  the 
sudden  appearance  of  the  enemy. 

"  First  Sergeant's  Call ;"  one  roll  and  four  taps. 

"  Sergeant's  Call ;"  one  roll  and  three  taps. 


i86i  HALT!  WHO  GOES  THERE?  39> 

"  Corporal's  Call ;"  one  roll  and  two  taps. 
"  For  Drummers  ;"  the  drummers'  call. 

By  order  of 
Official.  J.  W.  STILES,  Colonel  Commanding. 

J.  B.  COPPINGER,  Adjutant. 

The  parade  ground  at  once  became  the  scene  of  the  active: 
school  of  the  soldier,  and  the  men  soon  showed  remarkable 
proficiency  in  the  manual  of  arms.  Since  crossing  the  borders 
of  the  State  of  New  York,  the  regiment  had  been  merely  a 
body  of  armed  and  uniformed  citizens,  without  any  military 
status  whatever,  and  it  is  greatly  to  their  credit,  that  amid  the 
many  difficulties  encountered,  from  April  iQth — the  day  they 
volunteered — to  June  8th,  the  date  of  their  muster  into  the 
U.  S.  service,  nothing  occurred  to  mar  their  record.  Nearly 
two  months,  during  a  period  of  actual  war,  is  a  very  long  time 
to  hold  a  body  of  patriotic  men  together,  who  are  anxious  to 
meet  the  foes  of  their  county.  The  NINTH'S  experience  before 
it  left  New  York  cost  it  quite  a  number  of  members,  who 
hastened  off  to  join  organizations  more  fortunate,  in  that  their 
services  were  earlier  accepted  by  the  government.  Night  duty 
for  the  first  week  was  very  exciting,  especially  from  about  ten 
o'clock  till  dawn,  the  sentries  imagination  building  an  enemy 
out  of  anything  animate  or  inanimate  that  their  ever-watchful 
eye  or  ear  could  detect,  and  causing  general  alarms  almost 
without  number.  If  the  leaves  of  a  tree  or  bush  were  agitated,, 
an  enemy  was  supposed  to  be  lurking  behind  it,  and  then 
upon  the  stillness  of  the  night  would  ring  out  the  challenge  r 
"  Halt !  Who  goes  there  ?"  If  a  reply  was  not  received,  that 
fact  would  add  to  the  fear  of  the  already  half-frightened  greea 
soldier  boy. 

It  was  the  oreneral  belief,  which    to  a  certain  extent  wa& 

o 

true,  that  enemies  were  hovering  about  the  camp  night  and 
day.  Quite  near  the  camp  was  situated  the  buildings  of 
Columbia  College,  and  when  it  was  reported  that  lights  were 
frequently  seen  displayed  at  the  windows  at  night,  and  that 
the  lights  appeared  to  the  observers  to  be  of  various  colors,  it 
was  believed  that  they  were  signals  to  the  enemy.  The  pupils. 


40  THE    NINTH    NEW    YORK. 

had  all  left,  most  of  them  for  southern  homes,  and  only  the 
janitor  and  a  few  officials  remained.  All  the  more  reason  for 
believing  the  rumors.  In  the  excited  and  uncertain  condition 

o 

of  affairs  at  this  time,  the  mere  report  of  such  an  occurrence 
was  proof  positive  that  treason  lurked  in  the  institution.  A 
detachment  under  the  command  of  proper  officers  was  detailed 
to  visit  the  college  and  arrest  all  guilty  or  suspicious  char 
acters,  and  to  seize  all  treasonable  apparatus.  A  rollicking 
Irishman,  belonging  to  a  cavalry  company  stationed  near  by, 
hearing  of  the  "  secret "  expedition,  asked  permission  to  join 
it  and,  being  a  general  favorite,  his  request  was  granted.  At 
low  twelve  the  force  started.  On  approaching  the  objective 
point  the  commanding  officer  sent  a  portion  of  his  men  around 
to  the  rear  door,  and  also  placed  sentries  at  the  four  corners 
of  the  building  to  prevent  the  escape  of  any  fleeing  parties, 
while  with  the  main  body  he  boldy  advanced  to  the  front 
entrance. 

A  series  of  thundering  raps  upon  the  door  with  the  hilt  of 
his  sword,  and  which  re-echoed  through  the  empty  building  in 
an  unearthly  manner,  finally  brought  some  one  to  an  upper 
window  with  :  "  What's  wanted  there  ?"  uttered  in  no  very 
gentle  tone.  "  This  is  a  detail  of  the  guard  ;  we  wish  to  enter 
the  building;  come  down  and  open  the  door."  With  an 
imprecation  which  sounded  like  "  Damn  you  and  the  guard  ?" 
the  head  disappeared  and  the  window  was  closed  with  a  bang. 
After  waiting  a  few  moments  and  hearing  nothing  further  from 
the  inmates,  the  officer  again  raised  his  voice,  and  said  that  if 
the  door  was  not  opened  in  three  minutes  he  would  enter  by 
force.  After  three  minutes  by  the  watch  had  expired,  an 
order  to  break  open  the  door  was  given,  and  several  men,  with 
the  butts  of  their  muskets,  soon  punched  off  the  fastenings, 
when  the  party  entered  the  main  hall.  Leaving  a  guard  at 
the  door  the  others  made  their  way  upstairs,  encountering  no 
one  until  they  entered  a  room  on  the  top  floor.  Noise  enough 
to  awaken  the  "Seven  Slee  jers "  had  been  made,  and  yet, 
there,  upon  a  bed,  and  apparently  sound  asleep,  lay  two  men. 
The  night  was  a  hot  one  ;  the  occupants  of  the  room  evidently 


l86l  OH  !    OH  !    MURDER !    HELP  !  4! 

had  not  expected  company  before  being  awakened,  and  as  they 
lay  upon  the  bed,  clothed  with  little  else  than  a  deep  sleep, 
their  photographs,  if  exposed  for  sale,  would  doubtless  have 
been  suppressed  by  a  Comstock.  One  of  the  occupants  lay 
on  his  side  with  his  back  to  the  door,  and  as  soon  as  the  Irish 
cavalryman  grasped  the  situation,  he,  with  a  "  whisht  boys .!" 
approached  the  sleeper.  On  coming  up  through  the  halls  the 
rollicking  O'AIally  had  picked  up  an  old  rusty  broad-bladed 
saber,  this  he  now  raised,  poised  it  a  moment  to  be  sure  of  his 
aim,  and  then  brought  the  flat  of  it  down  with  a  whack  upon 
the  unprotected  buttocks  of  the  sleeper.  With  a  yell  like  a 
Comanche  Indian,  the  victim  sprang  from  the  bed. 

"Oh!  Oh!  Murder!  Help!"  he  shouted,  trying  at  the 
same  time  to  cover  the  sore  spot  with  his  hand  and  arm. 
The  boys  were  convulsed  with  laughter,  some  of  whom — the 
executioner  among  them — fairly  rolling  on  the  floor  in  their 
efforts  to  do  justice  to  the  ludicrous  scene. 

The  poor  victim  finally  found  words  to  demand  what  was 
meant  by  the  outrage.  It  was  some  time  though  before  he 
could  be  pacified,  and  assured  that  the  assault  upon  his  person 
was  merely  a  practical  joke,  and  that  it  had  nothing  whatever 
to  do  with  the  "  official"  visit  of  the  guard.  Finally  the  man 
himself  joined  in  the  laugh — which  was  still  kept  up — but  with 
a  somewhat  gruesome  countenance.  He  wasn't  able  to  sit 
down  comfortably  for  a  good  while  after  his  misadventure. 

But  what  of  the  treasonable  signal  lights  ?  A  couple  of 
lanterns,  such  as  are  used  in  the  higher  educational  institutions 
for  the  purpose  of  illustrating  studies  in  natural  philosophy, 
were  found,  but  there  was  nothing  treasonable  or  unusual 

o 

in  that. 

But  there  was  also  discovered  quite  a  number  of  hazel 
sticks,  six  inches  long  and  about  three  eighths  of  an  inch  in 
diameter,  which,  it  was  said,  had  been  used  to  form  letters  or 
characters,  and  by  being  held  up  in  front  of  the  strong  light  of 
the  lanterns,  could  be  read  by  the  initiated  at  a  great  dis 
tance.  These  little  sticks,  then,  were  the  only  substantial 
trophies  of  the  midnight  visit ;  they  were  distributed  among 


-42  THE    NINTH    NEW    YORK.  June 

the  men,  and  one  of  the  party  had  his  still  preserved  as  late  as 
1880. 

The  following  lines,  written  by  a  member  of  the  regiment 
while  at  this  camp,  shows  that  the  poetic  spirit  was  present, 
and  that  thoughts  of  Home  and  Mother  helped  to  while  away 


the  tedious  night  hours  : 


ON  GUARD. 


At  midnight,  on  my  lonely  beat, 

When  shadows  wrap  the  wood  and  lea, 
A  vision  seems  my  view  to  greet 

Of  one  at  home  that  prays  for  me. 

No  roses  bloom  upon  her  cheek — 

Her  form  is  not  a  lover's  dream — 
But  on  her  face  so  fair  and  meek 

A  host  of  holier  beauties  gleam. 

For  softly  shines  her  silver  hair, 

A  patient  smile  is  on  her  face, 
And  the  mild,  lustrous  light  of  prayer 

Around  her  sheds  a  moon-like  grace 

She  prays  for  one  that's  far  away — 

The  soldier  in  his  holy  light — 
And  begs  that  Heaven,  in  mercy  may 

Protect  her  boy  and  bless  the  right. 

Till,  though  the  leagues  lie  far  between, 

This  silent  incense  of  her  heart 
Steals  o'er  my  soul  with  breath  serene, 

And  we  no  longer  are  apart. 

So,  guarding  thus  my  lonely  beat, 

By  shadowy  wood  and  haunted  lea, 
That  vision  seems  my  view  to  greet 

Of  her,  at  home,  who  prays  for  me. 

A  few  ciays  after  reaching  Camp  Cameron,  New  York 
papers  were  received  containing  an  address  to  the  people  of 
Northern  Virginia,  issued  by  General  G.  T.  Beauregard,  then 
in  command  of  the  rebel  forces  at  Manassas.  This  document 
was  afterwards  familiarly  known  as  the  "  Beauty  and  Booty  " 
proclamation  ;  and  is  here  given  in  order  to  show  the  feelings 


l86l  BEAUTY    AND    BOOTY.  43 

which  animated  one  of  the  leaders   of  the   Southern   army  at 

that  time  : 

HEADQUARTERS  DEPARTMENT  OF  ALEXANDRIA, 

Camp  Pickens,  June  5,  1861. 

TO  THE  GOOD   PEOPLE  OF   THE  COUNTIES    OF    LOUDOUN,     FAIRFAX   AND   PRINCE 

WILLIAM  : 

A  reckless  and  unprincipled  tyrant,  has  invaded  your  soil.  Abraham  Lincoln, 
regardless  of  all  moral,  legal,  and  constitutional  restraints,  has  thrown  his  abolition 
hosts  among  you,  who  are  murdering  and  imprisoning  your  citizens,  confiscating  and 
destroying  your  property,  and  committing  other  acts  of  violence  and  outrage  too 
shocking  and  revolting  to  humanity  to  be  enumerated.  All  rules  of  civilized  warfare 
are  abandoned,  and  they  proclaim  by  their  acts,  if  not  on  their  banners,  that  their  war 
cry  is,  "  Beauty  and  Booty."  All  that  is  dear  to  man,  your  honor,  and  that  of  your 
wives  and  daughters,  your  fortunes,  and  your  lives,  are  involved  in  this  momentous 
contest. 

In  the  name  therefore  of  the  constituted  authorities  of  the  Confederate  States,  in 
the  sacred  cause  of  constitutional  liberty  and  self  government,  for  which  we  are  con 
tending  in  behalf  of  civilization,  and  humanity  itsslf,  I,  G.  T.  Bsauregard,  brigadier 
general  of  the  Confederate  States,  commanding  at  Camp  Pickens,  Manassas  Junction, 
do  make  this  my  proclamation,  and  invite  and  enjoin  you  by  every  consideration  dear 
to  the  hearts  of  free  men  and  patriots,  by  the  name  and  memory  of  your  revolutionary 
fathers,  and  by  the  purity  and  sanctity  of  your  domestic  firesides,  to  rally  to  the  stand 
ard  of  your  State  and  country,  and  by  every  means  in  your  power  compatible  with 
honorable  warfare  to  drive  back  and  expel  the  invaders  from  your  land.  I  conjure  you 
to  be  true  and  loyal  to  your  country  and  her  legal  and  constitutional  authorities,  and 
especially  to  be  vigilant  of  the  movements  and  acts  of  the  enemy,  so  as  to  enable  you 
to  give  the  earliest  authentic  information  to  these  headquarters,  or  to  the  officers 
under  my  command. 

I  desire  to  assure  you  that  the  utmost  protection  in  my  power  will  be  extended  to 
you  all. 

G.  T.  BEAUREGARD, 
Brigadier  General,  Commanding , 


One  day  a  detachment  from  the  regiment,  under  command 
of  Captain  Tuthill,  left  camp  on  some  special  duty,  and  as  it 
was  not  to  return  till  after  dark,  the  countersign  was  imparted 
to  the  commanding  officer. 

o 

On  returning,  and  when  within  a  mile  or  so  of  camp, 
Joseph  T.  Hallock  and  his  chum,  of  Company  H,  had 
occasion  to  "  fall  out  "  for  a  special  purpose,  and  before  they 
could  rejoin  the  command,  it  had  passed  beyond  the  first  out 
post.  By  a  little  eloquent  pleading,  the  two  men  were  able  to 
satisfy  some  of  the  pickets  of  their  right  to  pass,  but  as  they 


44  THE    NINTH    NEW    YORK.  1861 

had  several  more  posts  to  encounter  before  reaching  camp, 
Hallock's  chum  determined  to  obtain  the  countersign,  and 
upon  approaching  the  next  post,  before  the  man  on  duty 
could  challenge,  he  did  so,  and  called  out  :  "  Halt !  who  goes 
there?"  "A  friend,"  was  the  reply.  "Advance  friend,  and 
give  the  countersign,"  .and  the  sentry  obeyed.  Thus  armed, 
the  boys  had  no  further  difficulty  in  passing  the  other  posts  ; 
they  reached  camp  juot  as  roll  call  was  completed  and  the 
Captain  was  wondering  what  had  become  of  them 

On  the.  8th,  the   regiment  was  mustered  into   the  service  of 

O 

the  United  States — to  serve  during  the  war  iinless  sooner 
discharged.  Captain  William  D.  Whipple  of  the  regular 
army  was  the  mustering  officer,  and  Adjutant  General 
Lorenzo  Thomas,  was  present  to  witness  the  ceremony.  The 
regiment  was  formed  in  a  hollow  square  on  the  parade  ground, 
when  Colonel  Stiles  made  a  brief  address,  explaining  the  oath 
which  each  man  was  expected  to  take,  and,  at  the  same  time,, 
giving  those  who  did  not  wish  to  be  sworn  an  opportunity  to 
retire.  Eight  hundred  and  thirty-seven  men,  with  uplifted 
hands,  swore  fealty,  even  unto  death,  in  defence  of  their  coun 
try's  honor  and  flag.  About  forty  men  concluded  that  they 
had  seen  about  all  they  wanted  to  know  of  active  soldier-life, 
and  refused  to  be  mustered.  Senator  Henry  Wilson  subse 
quently  introduced  a  bill  into  the  Congress,  which  became  a 
law,  defining  the  term  of  service  of  all  those  regiments  who 
had  taken  the  oath  to  serve  "  during  the  war,"  to  be  :  "  three 
years  unless  sooner  discharged." 

The  following  is  the  register  of  the  original  war  officers, 
and  the  number  of  enlisted  men  upon  the  rolls  of  the  regi 
ment,  up  to  September  ist,  1861. 

Colonel. 

John  W.  Stiles. 

Lieut.  Colonel.  Major. 

William  H.  Hallick.  William  Atterbury. 

Adjutant.  Quartermaster. 

John  B.  Coppinger.  Henry  L.  Stevens. 


l86l  WAR    REGISTER    AND    NUMBER    OF    MEMBERS.  45 

Surgeon.  Asst.  Surgeon. 

John  R.  Bigelow.  Howard  Pinkney. 

Chaplain. 

Benjamin    T.    Phillips. 
Non-commissioned  Staff  Officers  and  the  Band,  39. 

Company  A. 

Captain,  Joseph  J.    Morrison. 

First  Lieut,  John  Dalrymple.      Second  Lieut.,  Ed.  H.  Andrew. 

and  102   men. 

Company  B. 

Captain,  John   Deppeler. 

First  Lieut,  Louis  Billon.      Second  Lieut,  Fred  Guyer, 

and  8 1  men. 

Company  C. 

Captain,  Charles    E.  Prescott 

First    Lieut,   Erastus  R.    Miller,*     Second   Lieut,   \Vm.    H. 
Draper,  and  101   men. 

Company  D. 

Captain,  John  W.  Davis. 

First  Lieut,    Edmund    R.    Greene.     Second    Lieut.,  Jas.    B. 
Van  Buren,  and   104  men. 

Company  E. 

Captain,    Henry  C.  Smith. 

First  Lieut,  Henry  S.  Brooks.     Second   Lieut.,  Wm.  T.  Gal- 
braith,  and  103  men. 

Company  I\ 

Captain,  Allan   Rutherford. 

First  Lieut,  Charles   R.  Braine.     Second  Lieut,  Angus  Cam 
eron,  and   1 06  men. 

Company  G. 

Captain,  William  Atterbury.f 

First  Lieut,  John   Hendrickson.      Second   Lieut,   Joseph   D. 
Wickham,  and  103  men. 

*  Promoted  Captain,  Company  L,  September  I,  1861. 
t  Promoted  Major,  July  i,  1861. 


4°  THE    XIXTH    XEW    YORK.  June 

Company  H. 

Captain,  George  Tuthill. 

First  Lieut,  John  T.  Lockman.     Second  Lieut,  Chas.  E.  Tut 
hill,  and  98  men. 

Company  I. 

Organized  July   17,  1861. 
Captain,  Peter  J.  Claassen. 

First    Lieut,    Geo.    H.    Wheaton.     Second     Lieut,    Eno    J. 
Claassen,  and  80  men. 

Compa  ny   K. 
Organized  June  20,  1861,  as  a  Light  Battery. 

Captain,  Thos.   B.  Bunting. 

First  Lieut,    Walter   M.    Bramhall.     Second  Lieut,  Jos.    W. 
Martin,  and   122   men. 

Company  L. 

Organized  August  31,  1861. 

Captain,  Erastus  R.  Miller. 

First    Lieut,  A.    Martin    Burtis.      Second    Lieut.,  Andrew  B. 

Stiles,    and  97  men. 
Total,  1175. 

Movements  were  now  on  foot  to  secure  the  line  of  the 
Upper  Potomac.  General  Robert  Patterson,  in  command  of  a 
force  of  Pennsylvania  Militia,  had  advanced  toward  the  river 
by  way  of  Hagerstown  and  Williamsport,  and  Colonel  Charles 
P.  Stone,  of  the  Fourteenth  U.  S.  infantry,  had  been  placed 
in  command  of  a  force,  of  which  the  NINTH  formed  a  part— 
the  other  organizations  being  the  First  New  Hampshire  ;  First 
and  Twenty-fifth  Pennsylvania ;  Second,  Third,  Fifth  and 
Eighth  battalions  District  of  Columbia  Vols.  ;  Griffin's  Battery 
D,  Fifth  U.  S.  light  artillery ;  and  Captain  Owen's  and 
Magruder's  troops  of  cavalry — for  the  purpose  of  co-operating 
in  the  movement.  Colonel  Stone's  orders  directed  him  to 
seize  Edward's  Ferry,  and,  if  practicable,  cross  and  take 
possession  of  Leesburg  and  effect  a  junction  with  General 
Patterson  ;  he  Was  to  intercept  supplies  sent  from  Baltimore 


1861  THE    MAIDEN    MARCH.  47 

to  the  enemy  in  Virginia,  and  was  enjoined  "  to  proceed  with 
caution,  and  by  no  means  to  hazard  the  safety  of  (the) 
expedition." 

At  three  o'clock  in  the  afternoon  of  the  Qth,  the  regiment 
was  ordered  to  make  ready  to  march,  and,  inasmuch  as  it  was 
expected  that  the  men  would  only  be  absent  from  camp  for  a 
week  or  two,  all  extra  baggage  was  ordered  to  be  left  behind  in 
charge  of  acting  Lieutenant  David  W.  Anderson  and  a  camp 
guard.  Reveille  sounded  at  daybreak  of  the  loth,  and  after 
roll-call  the  men  set  about  getting  breakfast  and  finishing 
their  packing.  The  sun  shone  brightly,  and  by  the  time  the 
Maiden  March  began,  the  heat  was  very  oppressive.  The 
knapsacks  were  carried  in  wagons,  thus  relieving  the  men  of 
burdens  that  would  have  caused  many  to  drop  out  by  the  way 
or  abandon  their  loads. 

The  direction  of  the  march  was  towards  Rockville.  The 
roads  were  bad,  full  of  stones  and  very  dusty  ;  still  the  men 
tramped  gaily  along,  exerting  themselves  to  the  utmost,  happy 
in  the  belief  that  the  end  would  bring  them  nearer  the  enemy, 
whose  prowess  they  had  not  then  learned  either  to  fear  or 
respect. 

Late  in  the  afternoon  the  First  New  Hampshire  was  met, 
the  sight  gladdening  the  hearts  of  the  men  in  both  regiments, 
who  lustily  cheered  each  other,  for  were  not  both  organi 
zations  enlisted  in  the  same  cause — "  Uncle  Sam's  defense?" 
A  blue  coat  or  a  black  skin  was  the  only  sure  token  of  friend 
ship  for  the  Union  that  its  soldiers  met  with,  when  once  they 
crossed  Mason  and  Dixon's  line  ;  not  but  that  there  were  some 
loyal  white  people  within  its  belt,  but  they  seldom  dared  to 
express  their  sentiments  ;  some  of  those  in  Virginia  that  were 
Lold  enough  to  do  so,  paid  the  penalty  in  the  destruction  of 
their  property  when  the  Union  forces  were  withdrawn  from 
their  neighborhood. '  To  the  men  of  the  NINTH,  at  this  time, 
danger  appeared  everywhere  ;  still  it  was  a  fact  that  little  was 
to  be  met  with,  north  of  the  Potomac. 

Foot-sore  and  weary,  the  march  was  continued  until  about 
seven  o'clock  in  the  evening,  when  the  regiment  arrived  in  the 


48  THE    NINTH    NEW    YORK.  June 

vicinity  of  Rockville,  eighteen  miles  distant  from  Camp 
Cameron.  Details  for  camp  guard  were  at  once  made,  and 
supper  was  eaten.  Many  of  the  men  were  so  tired,  that  with 
out  any  further  delay  they  rolled  their  blankets  about  them, 
threw  themselves  upon  the  ground,  and  in  a  twinkling  were 
sound  asleep.  The  minor  realities  of  war  were  being  gradually 
realized  by  the  gallant  youths. 

On  the  following  morning  the  tents  were  taken  from  the 
wagons  and  pitched,  After  several  attempts  they  were  pro 
nounced  correctly  placed,  according  to  the  regulations — a  work 
requiring  no  little  skill  and  experience,  as  the  accompanying 
diagram  of  a  model  camp  will  show. 

The  location  of  the  camp  was  at  the  Fair  Grounds,  on  the 
outskirts  of  the  town  of  Rockville,  Montgomery  County. 
Maryland.  In  the  eyes  of  the  men  Rockville  was  a  very  small 
place,  though  its  inhabitants  were  not  small  people  in  any 
sense,  for  they  showed  many  courtesies  to  the  members  of  the 
regiment  during  the  brief  encampment.  At  dress  parade  nearly 
all  the  townspeople,  white  and  black,  were  present  to  witness 
the  movements  of  the  soldier  boys,  for  few  of  the  people  had 
ever  before  seen  a  whole  regiment  in  line,  and  all  appeared 
highly  gratified  at  the  sight.  After  the  parade  had  been  dis 
missed  the  camp  was  stormed  by  the  members  of  the  First  New 
Hampshire,  who  rushed  with  enthusiasm  to  fraternize  with 
their  fellow  volunteers.  Hand-shaking,  cheering,  singing  and 
dancing  were  indulged  in,  the  recollections  of  which  can  only 
die  with  the  participants.  One  organization  was  from  the 
granite  hills  of  the  East,  the  other  from  the  sea  shore  of  the 

o 

Empire  State.  A  return  visit  was  made  to  the  camp  of  the 
New  Hampshire  boys,  situated  just  across  the  road  from  that 
of  the  NINTH,  where  an  exceedingly  pleasant  hour  was  spent, 
much  in  the  same  manner  as  boys  usually  play  together.  The 
band  of  the  First  treated  the  NINTH  to  several  fine  selections, 
adding  greatly  to  the  festivities,  which  were  kept  up  till  tattoo 
warned  guests  and  hosts  that  it  was  time  to  separate.  Half 
an  hour  afterwards,  when  "  taps  "  were  sounded,  lights  were 


A    MODEL    CAMP 

LENGTH,    461     PACES  WIDTH,    4OO    PACES 


GUARD  TENTS 

1                    PARADE 

• 

<*——__  ___ 

GROUND 

* 

COLOR       LINE 

h    nn    nn    nn    nn    nn    nn    an    nn    an 
D    nn    an    an    nn    nn    nn    nn    nn    nn 
n    nn    nn    nn    nn    nn    nn    nn    nn    nn 
n    nn    nn    nn    nn    nn    nn    nn    nn    nn 
n    nn    nn    nn    nn    nn    nn    nn    nn    nn 

LJULJUU 

ID    nn    nn    nn    nn    n 

D    nn    nn    nn    nn 

r 

COMPANY 

QUARTERS 

i!      n       n       n    n 

KITCHENS 

n      n      n      n 

KITCHENS 

c 

a 

nn    i  —  i    n 

NON.COM.STArF. 

POLICE    GUARD.        SUTLER.     NON.  COM.  STAFF. 

nn    nn    nn    nn    nn 

nn    nn    an    nn    an 

COMPANY 

OFFICERS 

"HI          a    -  n     a 

nan 

|*                                                                                      COLC 

>NEL 

p       9       9       Q       g 

9       9       9       9      9 

WAGONS       DD            ana            an        WAQONS 

STORES                                        SERVANTS                                    TEAMSTERS 

CO 

UJ 

O 

OFFICER 

S        SINKS 

IT 
O 

Z 

1861  FIRST    COUNTERMARCH.  49 

extinguished,  and  the  men  sought  repose  from  the  labors  and 
amusements  of  the  day. 

During  the  jollifications  of  the  evening,  the  men  of  the 
NINTH  determined  to  have  a  brass  band,  the  soul  inspiring 
strains  heard  during  the  evening  prompting  them  to  that  decis 
ion.  A  committee  was  afterwards  appointed,  the  necessary 
subscriptions  secured,  and  at  a  later  period,  the  arrival  and 
incorporation  with  the  regiment  of  an  excellent  corps  of 
musicians,  under  the  leadership  of  George  Neyer,  gave  the  men 
great  satisfaction. 

The  "Reveille"  was  sounded  early  on  Wednesday  morn 
ing,  the  1 2th,  and  the  men  ordered  to  strike  tents,  pack  up, 
and  be  ready  for  the  march.  At  eight  o'clock  line  was  formed, 
and  the  regiment  left  its  second  encampment.  The  weather 
was  warm,  though  not  as  sultry  as  on  the  previous  march  ;  the 
roads  were  somewhat  worse.  During  the  day  the  first  scare 
occurred,  through  a  report  coming  from  the  rear  that  the 
wagon  train  had  been  attacked.  Colonel  Stiles  immediately 
countermarched  the  regiment  on  the  double  quick,  and  after 
retracing  about  a  quarter  of  a  mile, word  came  that  the  teamsters 
had  only  been  frightened  by  a  stampede  of  some  horses  in  an 
adjacent  field.  The  march  was  then  resumed,  and  at  two 
o'clock  in  the  afternoon  the  column  passed  through  Darnes- 
town,  on  the  outskirts  of  which  a  site  was  chosen  for  camp. 
Guards  were  soon  posted  and  tents  pitched.  The  extent  of 
the  march  was  ten  miles.  Darnestown,  an  ancient-looking 
village,  is  situated  in  Montgomery  County,  near  Seneca  Creek  ; 
the  houses  were  much  scattered  ;  the  people  displayed  con 
siderable  Union  feeling — sentiments  which  even  in  many  parts 
of  Maryland  it  was  dangerous  to  express.  Several  citizens 
invited  members  of  the  regiment  to  dine  with  them,  which 
unexpected  courtesy  was  gladly  accepted  by  a  score  or  more 
of  the  men. 

Camp  Stone — so  named  in  honor  of  the  commander  of  the 
expedition — had  been  judiciously  selected,  in  a  cleared  field, 
bordered  partly  by  woods  ;  water  was  near  at  hand,  and  of 
good  quality.  The  surroundings  were  very  attractive  ;  in  fact 


5O  THE    NINTH    NEW    YORK.  June 

nothing  better  could  be  desired,  except  by  the  chronic  grumb 
lers,  a  few  of  whom  the  NINTH,  in  common  with  every  other 
regiment,  possessed.  On  the  I3th  the  district  in  which 
Darnestown  was  situated  held  an  election  for  congressman, 
resulting  in  the  choice  of  the  Union  candidate,  which  gave 
great  satisfaction  to  the  Union  troops  and  loyal  inhabitants. 

Company,  battalion  and  skirmish  drills  were  now  of  daily 
occurrence,  ending  at  sundown  with  the  usual  dress-parade, 
which  ceremony  called  together  many  of  the  inhabitants  for 
miles  around,  and  to  whom  it  was  a  novel  sight,  and  much 
more  interesting  than  their  usual  market  or  fair  gatherings. 
The  men  soon  learned  that  the  South  contained  its  share  of 
those  willing  to  earn  an  honest  penny.  Peddlers — more  pro-, 
perly  speaking  farmers — their  wives,  sons  and  daughters, 
brought  into  camp,  pies,  biscuits,  cooked  fowls  and  such  like, 
for  which  they  found  ready  sale  ;  home-made  apple  jack  was 
also  smuggled  within  the  lines,  but  woe  to  the  vender  who  was 

oo 

caught  in  the  act,  for  his — or  her — stock  was  unceremoniously 
confiscated. 

After  a  pleasant  stay  of  five  days,  tents  were  struck  on  the 
i  7th,  and  at  eight  o'clock,  under  a  bright  and  beautiful'  moon, 
another  march  was  begun.  The  route  led  through  the  small 
village  of  Dawsonville,  and  at  ten  o'clock  a  halt  was  ordered 

£> 

and  the  regiment  went  into  bivouac  near  Seneca  Creek. 

Early  the  next  morning  camp  was  established,  and  named 
in  honor  of  Major-General  Charles.  W.  Sanford,  of  the  First 
Division  N.  Y.  S.  M.  As  soon  as  the  tents  were  pitched  the 
usual  'routine  of  camp  duties  were  resumed.  The  thrifty 
inhabitants — white  and  black--— soon  made  their  appearance, 
loaded  with  creature  comforts  for  the  soldiers.  These  people 
appreciated  the  old  saw  :  "It's  an  ill  wind  that  blows  nobody 
good,"  for  the  opportunity,  was  now  afforded  them  of  exchang 
ing  supplies  for  cash — money  being  a  scarce  article  thereabouts 
at  that  time.  During  the  day, -Companies  B,  Captain  Deppe- 
ler;  and  D,  Captain  Davis,  under  Captain  Davis,  the  senior; 
were  ordered  to  Sugar  Land  Bottom,  near  the  Chesapeake  and 
Ohio  Canal,  in  order  to  perform  picket  duty.  .The  detach- 


l36l  THE    NIGHT    MARCH    TO    THE    POTOMAC.  51 

ment  found  a  comfortable  site  in  an  orchard  near  the  Potomac, 
and  called  it  Camp  Van  Beuren.  It  was  about  ten  miles  dis 
tant  front  regimental  headquarters. 

It  was  not  expected  that  the  regiment  would  remain  long 
at  anyone  place,  consequently,  at  eight  o'clock  in  the  evening 
of  the  2Oth,  when  orders  were  given  to  pack  up,  no  one  was 
surprised.  The  men  were  anxious  to  go  ahead,  and  felt 
happy  when  in  the  advance.  The  night  proved  to  be  a  most 
beautiful  one,  a  bright  moon  contributing  to  make  the  trip 
very  enjoyable.  After  a  five  mile  march,  near  the  town  of 
Poolesville,  a  halt  was  ordered  and  bivouac  established  for  the 
night.  Reveille  turned  the  NINTH  out,  and  "  Peas  upon  a 
Trencher  "called  them  to  an  early  breakfast  the  next  morning; 
but  it  was  not  until  three  o'clock  in  the  afternoon  that  the 
march  was  resumed.  The  day  was  very  warm,  and  many  of 
the  men  soon  showed  signs  of  weariness,  but  not  to  that 
extent  exhibited  on  their  first  day  out  from  Camp  Cameron. 
The  roads  were  in  better  condition  than  those  previously 
marched  over,  and  the  men  were  becoming  more  inured  to  the 
hardships  of  a  soldier. 

It  was  only  the  constitutionally  weak  who  suffered  much 
at  that  time. 

The  sight  that  a  thousand  times  amply  repaid  the  men  for 
the  fatigue  of  the  march,  was  the  first  view  of  the  Potomac, 
and  which  caused  shouts  of  delight  that  must  have  been  heard  by 
the  enemy  on  the  Virginia  shore.  Could  it  have  been  known 
at  what  cost  of  life  and  treasure,  the  full  and  undisputed  pos 
session  of  that  historic  river  was  to  be  gained,  the  exclama 
tions  would  have  been  those  of  rage  against  its  so-called 
defenders,  who  were  posted  not  more  than  a  mile  distant  from 
the  opposite  bank.  A  halt  was  soon  made^  and  camp  located 
on  quite  a  high  hill,  over-looking  both  the  Potomac  and 
Monocacy  Rivers.  Guards  were  posted, -tents  pitched,  and 
the  place  named  Camp  Hall,  in  honor  of  General  William 
Hall,  in  whos'j  brigade  the  NINTH  served  when  in  New  York.  • 

o 

In  the  morning,  the  22nd,  the  usual  round  of  camp  duties  and 
pleasures  were  renewed.  Clothing,  arms  and  accoutrements 


52  THE    NINTH    NEW    YORK.  June 

were  cleaned ;  while  reading,  writing,  ball-playing  and  like 
amusements,  served  to  fill  up  the  time  not  devoted  to  drill. 
Taken  altogether,  it  can  be  readily  seen  that  a  soldier's  life 
has  less  of  idleness  than  is  generally  supposed,  this,  too,  at  a  time 
when  battles  were  not  engaging  their  attention.  Quite  a  stir 
was  made  during  the  day  by  a  report  from  Company  E,  which 
was  on  picket  duty  at  Nolan's  Ferry  on  the  Potomac,  to 
the  effect  that  some  of  their  men  had  been  fired  on  while  bath 
ing  in  the  river;  fortunately  no  one  was  injured,  still  it  was  a 
reminder  that  serious  business  might  be  expected  should  an 
attempt  be  made  to  cross  the  border. 

On  leaving  camp  for  picket  duty  it  was  customary  for  the 
men  to  carry  with  them  one  day's  rations,  and  their  overcoats 
and  blankets;  in  other  words,  to  go  in  "light  marching 
order."  On  the  2/th,  Company  F,  Captain  Rutherford, 
relieved  Company  A,  Captain  Morrison  ;  the  duty  was  light, 
with  just  enough  of  danger  to  make  it  interesting,  and  the 
men  enjoyed  the  respite  from  daily  drills  and  dress-parade. 

On  the  29th,  regimental  general  orders  directed  that  the 
regular  muster  and  inspection  should  take  place  at  four  o'clock 
on  the  following  Sunday  afternoon  ;  the  field,  staff,  and  non 
commissioned  staff  at  the  flag-staff  at  regimental  headquarters, 
and  the  several  companies  at  whatever  point  they  happened 
to  be  stationed. 

On  the  ist  of  July,  and  in  accordance  with  the  laws 
governing  the  militia  of  the  State  of  New  York,  an  election 
for  Major  was  held,  resulting  in  the  choice  of  Captain  William 
Atterbury,  of  Company  G.  The  same  day,  also,  John  E 
Bigelow,  M.  D.,  reported  to  the  regiment  as  its  surgeon,  by 
appointment,  under  date  of  June  25th.  He  was  not  mustered 
however,  and  returned  to  New  York  a  month  or  two  after 
wards. 

At  about  four  o'clock  in  the  afternoon,  orders  were 
received,  directing  the  companies  remaining  at  headquarters, 
to  march  to  Point  of  Rocks,  the  camp  to  be  left  in  charge  of 
the  Guard.  By  the  time  the  march  began,  the  rain  came 
down  in  torrents,  and  continued  without  intermission  through- 


i86l  POINT   OF    ROCKS.  55 

out  the  night.  The  route  was  by  way  of  the  canal  tow-path, 
which  hardly  allowed  four  men  to  walk  abreast.  Owing  to 
the  rain  and  darkness,  it  was  nearly  midnight  before  the  six 
miles  were  marched. 

A  stone  house  stood  near  by  where  the  regiment  halted, 
and  was  soon  filled  with  wet  and  hungry  soldiers,  while  those 
unable  to  obtain  shelter  were  obliged  to  stand  round  till  day 
light.  No  fires  were  allowed,  and  those  who  did  obtain  cover 
had  to  lie  down  in  their  wet  clothing. 

At  daylight  on  the  2nd,  the  rain  ceased.  At  eleven  o'clock 
companies  B  and  D  reported  at  regimental  headquarters  ;  they 
had  been  absent  from  the  regiment  since  the  i8th  of  June,  and 
in  their  endeavor  to  join  the  regiment,  had  first  gone  to  Camp 
Hall.  When  the  tents  arrived  and  had  been  pitched,  Camp 
Stiles — so  named  in  honor  of  the  Colonel — was  established. 
At  Point  of  Recks,  the  Potomac  is  about  three-quarters  of  a 
mile  wide  ;  the  bridge  had  been  destroyed  by  the  rebels  ;  the 
abutment  on  the  Virginia  shore  bearing  a  flag-staff  from  which 
floated  the  stars  and  bars,  the  first  emblem  of  secession  seen  by 
the  NINTH  on  hostile  territory.  The  men  were  eager  to  organ 
ize  an  expedition  to  attempt  its  capture,  but  the  frowning 
guns  of  the  enemy's  battery  commanding  the  position 
admonished  them  that  they  had  better  wait  for  orders  before 
running  any  serious  risks. 

On  the  3rd,  Colonel  Stone  ordered  Colonel  Stiles  to 
detail  two  companies  for  special  service  ;  Company  A,  Cap 
tain  Morrison,  and  Company  C,  Captain  Prescott,  were  so 
assigned,  under  command  of  Major  Atterbury,  who,  upon 
reporting  to  Colonel  Stone,  received  instructions,  at  four 
o'clock  in  the  afternoon,  to  proceed  to  Sandy  Hook,  eight 
miles  up  the  river,  opposite  Harper's  Ferry.  Boarding  a  train, 
that  point  was  reached  about  six  o'clock. 

The  morning  of  the  Fourth,  the  eighty-fifth  natal  day  of 
the  country,  was  ushered  in  by  the  firing  of  salutes,  and  with 
the  limited  means  at  command,  the  men  endeavored  to  get  up 
a  celebration  worthy  of  the  occasion.  At  noon  the  men  were 
formed  into  a  hollow  square  and  addressed  by  Colonel  Stiles  ; 


54  THE    NINTH    NEW    YORK.  July 

in  the  afternoon  they  marched  to  Colonel  Stone's  headquar 
ters  and  cheered  him,  the  Colonel  responding  in  a  compliment 
ary  and  patriotic  speech.  Then  the  men  sang  several  national 
songs  and  were  about  to  disperse  when  the  loud  and  continued 
whistling  of  a  locomotive  was  heard.  The  men  hurried  to  the 

o 

station,  when  the  exciting  but  sad  news  was  imparted  that  the 
detachment  sent  to  Sandy  Hook,  the  day  before,  had  been 
fired  upon  by  the  enemy — W.  S.  H.  Baylor's  dismounted 
cavalry — from  their  position  on  the  south  side  of  the  river  ; 
the  result  being  that  one  or  two  were  killed  and  several 
wounded.  Inasmuch  as  this  was  the  NINTH'S  "  Baptism  by 
Fire,"  and  the  first  occasion  of  loss  in  battle,  the  excitement 
was  intense.  The  regiment  hurriedly  boarded  the  train,  but 
reached  the  scene  of  action  too  late  to  be  of  any  assistance,  or 
to  avenge  the  injury  done  their  comrades. 

It  was  learned  that  a  few  men  of  the  detachment  had  that 
morning  crossed  the  river  in  a  skiff  for  the  purpose  of  cap 
turing  a  "  Confederate  "  States  flag,  which  could  be  plainly 
seen  flying  from  the  flag-staff  in  the  arsenal  grounds  at 
Harper's  Ferry.  The  men  reached  the  southern  shore  in 
safety,  and  going  at  once  to  the  staff,  hoped  to  be  able  to  haul 
down  the  flag  and  make  their  escape  before  being  discovered 
by  the  enemy.  It -was  found,  however,  that  as  the  halyards 
were  knotted  it  would  be  necessary  to  climb  the  pole.  This 
occupied  considerable  time  ;  but  Edward  W.  Butler,  of  Com 
pany  C,  finally  cut  down  the  emblem  of  Secession,  tore  it  in 
pieces,  which  he  divided  among  his  companions,  reserving  one 
piece  for  Colonel  Stiles.  The  daring  adventurers  hurried 
back  to  the  river  and  were  nearly  across  before  the  enemy 
reached  the  bank.  The  rebels  at  once  opened  fire,  but  the 
bold  Yankees  reached  the  Maryland  shore  in  safety. 

The  rebels  now  directed  their  fire  at  the  pickets  stationed 
along  the  river  bank,  wounding  one  or  two.  The  men  had 
been  ordered  never  to  be  the  first  to  commence  picket  firing, 
and  even  now  they  did  not  return  it — inasmuch  as  the  enemy's 
fire  had  been  drawn  by  an  unauthorized  movement  on  their 
part'.  Meanwhile  Captain  Morrison,  hearing  that  some  of  the 


1861  KILLED     AND     WOUNDED     IN     BATTLE.  55 

detachment  were  wounded,  started    on   the   double-quick   with 
the  rest  for  the  scene  of  action.      Arriving  at  the  river  the  best 

o 

possible  position  was  obtained,  and  the  captain  ordered  the 
enemy's  fire  to  be  returned.  Little  injury  was  done  to  the 
foe,  but  owing  to  the  exposed  position  of  the  men  of  the 
NINTH,  a  number  of  casualties  occurred.  When  the  firing 
ceased,  it  was  found  that  one  man  was  killed  and  three 
wounded.  John  E.  Banks,  of  Company  G,  a  volunteer  with 
the  detachment,  was  shot  through  the  heart.  The  body  was 
afterwards  tenderly  placed  in  a  coffin,  the  head  resting  upon  a 
pillow  of  daisies  gathered  in  a  field  near  by,  and  the  remains 
sent  by  express  to  his  relatives  in  New  York.  Ernest  Geid- 
ecke,  of  Company  A,  after  passing  safely  through  eight  battles, 
fought  in  defence  of  his  native  land,  received  a  fatal  wound  in 
this  his  fir-,t  engagement  with  the  enemies  of  his  adopted 
country.  The  ball  lodged  in  his  abdomen,  causing  great  pain 
and  suffering,  during  which  Sergeant  William  F.  Scott,  of 
Company  A,  and  Harvey  B.  Denison,  of  Company  G,  did  all 
in  their  power  to  alleviate  his  condition,  but  the  poor  fellow 
died  at  half-past  ten  in  the  evening.  The  wounded  were 
Henry  V.  Williamson,  of  Company  G,  also  a  volunteer,  and 
Fredk.  R.  Warner,  of  Company  C.  Thus  the  NINTH  honored 
the  Fourth  of  July,  which  was  begun  in  the  harmless  manner 
described,  to  be  followed  by  the  more  serious  action  of  the 
afternoon.  That  night  and  the  following  day  the  regiment 
remained  in  bivouac  near  Sanely  Hook,  on  the  track  of  the 
Baltimore  and  Ohio  Railroad. 

At  two  o'clock  on  the  morning  of  Saturday,  the  6th,  the 
men  were  notified  to  prepare  for  the  march,  but  it  was  not 
until  seven  o'clock  that  the  column  moved.  Sharpsburg,  in 
Washington  County,  was  reached  at  noon.  This  was  found 
to  be  a  thoroughly  loyal  town,  and  the  first  the  NINTH  had 
entered,  whose  people  boldly  flung  to  the  breeze  the  American 
flag.  Cheering  and  shouts  of  delight  were  heard  on  every 
side  as  the  regiment  gallantly  marched  through  the  main  street. 
A  halt  was  made  on  the  outskirts  in  order  to  cook  pork  and 
coffee ;  but  when  several  of  the  citizens  who  had  followed,  saw 


56  THE    NINTH    NEW    YORK.  July 

the  bill  of  fare,  they  invited  many  of  the  men  to  return  home 
with  them  and  be  their  guests  at  dinner.  The  wives  and 
daughters  of  these  patriotic  citizens,  as  a  sign  of  their  loyalty, 
hurriedly  sewed  together  strips  of  red,  white  and  blue  into  flags, 
which,  accompanied  with  kind  words  of  cheer,  were  given  as 
souvenirs  to  the  lucky  boys  on  their  leaving  to  rejoin  the 
regiment.  Colonel  Miller,  a  veteran  of  the  war  of  1812,  was 
especially  enthusiastic  in  entertaining  his  guests,  and  presented 
company  G  with  a  small  Union  flag.  At  six  o'clock  the  beat 
of  the  drum  called  the  men  into  line,  and  with  renewed  courage 
and  strength  the  march  was  resumed.  The  road  was  rough 
and  hilly  and  it  was  not  until  ten  in  the  evening  that  Bakers- 
ville  was  reached,  and  the  regiment  went  into  bivouac  in  the 
woods  near  by. 

Immediately  after  breakfast  on  the  /th,  line  was  formed 
and  the  head  of  column  pointed  northwest.  The  regiment 
passed  through  Williamsport,  on  the  Potomac,  at  eleven 
o'clock,  and  upon  arriving  at  the  river,  near  Falling  Waters, 
the  men  were  ordered  to  prepare  to  ford  the  stream.  Some 
took  off  nearly  all  their  clothing,  others  only  their  shoes  and 
stockings,  then  with  musketa  at  a  right  shoulder,  and  with 
bundles  of  clothing  hanging  from  the  bayonets,  the  NINTH 
entered  the  water,  which  was  about  knee  deep,  and  in  this 
most  unfashionable  attire  entered  upon  the  "  Sacred  Soil  "  of 
Virginia.  Arriving  on  the  southern  side,  fires  were  built  with 
which  to  cook  coffee  and  dry  wet  clothing.  While  thus 
engaged  the  approach  of  the  other  portions  of  the  command, 
among  them  the  First  New  Hampshire,  was  noticed.  The 
First,  after  disrobing,  marched  into  the  river,  and  when  about, 
half  way  across  halted,  while  the  band  played  "  John  Brown's 
Body,"  after  which  they  completed  the  passage  of  the  river, 
marching  past  the  NINTH  who  cheered  them  lustily.  A  junc 
tion  with  General  Patterson's  forces  had  been  established. 

For  the  purpose  of  showing  just  how  the  men  felt  and  acted 
"  behind  the  scenes  "  in  their  every-day  life,  and  how  little  the 
private  soldier  knew  of  what  was  going  on  about  him — outside 
of  his  own  personal  experience— to  show  the  motives  which 


1861  WHAT    WAS    WRITTEN    HOME.  57 

governed  his  actions,  the  hopes  and  fears  which  possessed  his 
mind  while  in  camp,  on  the  march  and  in  battle,  the  Editor 
proposes,  as  the  record  progresses,  to  give  extracts  from  letters, 
written  during  the  first  fifteen  months  of  service,  b^  members 
of  the  NINTH  to  relatives  and  friends. 

June  2nd.  *  *  *  To-day  was  my  turn  to  cook.  I  did  it  up  in  fine  style,  and  while 
dishing  the  vegetables,  spilled  them  on  the  ground  ;  but  I  washed  them  off  again,  and 
the  boys  eat  them  without  noticing  the  sand.*  *  *  Had  an  alarm  last  night;  we  were 
out  and  ready  in  short  order;  it  proved  to  be  a  false  alarm,  and  after  being  ordered  to 
sleep  on  our  arms,  we  turned  in.  Fancy  a  loaded  rifle  for  a  bed-fellow.  I  turned 
over  once,  and  ran  the  bayonet  in  my  arm.  I  was  on  picket  guard  from  1:30  Friday 
till  noon  Saturday,  with  four  hours  off,  and  only  two  crackers  and  one  red  herring  to 
eat.  Came  in  faint  and  sleepy.  *  *  *  The  Garibaldi  Guards  are  near  us,  also  the 
Fourteenth  Brooklyn.  *  *  *  John  can  give  you  a  better  description  of  our  camp  than  I 
can.  (The  names  of  some  of  the  tents  had  been  changed)  for  instance  :  my  residence 
is  "  Excelsior,"  No.  14  Rutherford  Place  ;  next  door  is  "  Dyass  Hotel  ;"  across  the 
street  is  the  "  Golding  House,"  where  Hen  Gushing  resides;  Ed  Barnes  is  above  me 
on  the  same  side.  He  is  too  full  of  the  "  Old  Nick  "  to  think  of  a  name.  *  *  *  Straw 
berries  are  plenty  ;  boys  sell  them  in  camp  for  eight  cents  a  quart  —  cheaper  than  pick 
ing.  Must  stop  and  prepare  for  inspection.  Heavy  guns  have  been  firing  all  day. 
Saw  seventy-four  prisoners  in  the  Navy  Yard  yesterday  ;  they  looked  downcast. 


Darncstffwn,  Md.,June 
Just  got  your  letter.  Left  Washington,  Monday,  eight  A.  M.  Marched  all  day 
through  the  hottest  sun  I  ever  felt.  At  midnight  reached  Rockville.  I  was  in  the 
rear  guard  for  the  protection  of  the  baggage-train,  which  consisted  of  twenty-one  four- 
horse  wagons.  There  were  about  sixty  of  us  —  our  position  was  a  dangerous  one,  as  we 
were  in  the  rear,  liable  to  be  picked  up  by  the  enemy  lying  in  ambush.  Had  to  build 
roads  for  the  wagons  on  several  occasions  ;  one  time  took  down  several  rods  of  rail 
fence,  as  the  horses  could  not  move  the  wagons  through  the  mud.  We  were  tired, 
hungry  and  sleepy,  and  anxious  to  reach  a  place  of  rest,  as  we  did  not  like  the  idea  of 
sleeping  on  our  post  and  being  shot  the  next  day.  Nothing  would  save  a  man  in  that 
case;  it  seems  hard,  but  is  just,  as  many  lives  might  be  lost  by  one  man's  fault.*  *  * 
We  only  get  two  mails  a  week,  and  we  send  a  guard  to  Washington  for  them.  *  *  * 
We  leave  soon  for  Harper's  Ferry.  The  NINTH  has  the  post  of  honor  —  that  is  the 
advance  of  the  division.  *  *  *  Saw  an  old  woman  yesterday  ploughing  corn  and 
smoking  a  pipe.  We  suffer  for  water  on  our  marches,  as  we  dare  not  drink  from  wells 
for  fear  of  poison,  so  drink  and  fill  our  canteens  from  brooks.  Sometimes  we  can't 
wait  for  a  stream,  then  we  call  out  some  of  the  family  and  make  them  drink  ;  if  it  don't 
kill  them  we  help  ourselves.  I  am  feeling  very  sore  to-day  from  our  march. 


58  THE    NINTH    NEW    YORK.  July 


CHAPTER    IV. 


FIRST  VALLEY  CAMPAIGN—  TO  WINTER  QUARTERS. 

The  Ravages  of  War.  —  Camp  Hallick.  —  Battery,  Company  K.  —  Martinsburg.  — 
Foraging.  —  Bunker  Hill  and  Charlestovvn.  —  The  NINTH'S  First  Capture.  —  Arrival 
of  the  Band.  —  March  to  the  Rear.  —  Bolivar  Heights.  —  Camp  Atterbury.  —  John 
Brown's  Cave.  —  General  Patterson  Relieved  by  General  Banks.  —  The  Department 
of  the  Shenandoah.  —  Maryland  Heights.  —  Camp  Davis.  —  The  First  N.  H. 
Volunteers  leave  for  Home.  —  Camp  Deppeler.  —  Carrolton.  —  Buckeystown.  —  Camp 
Rutherford.  —  Arrival  of  Company  I.  —  The  Second  N.  Y.  S.  M.  —  Camp  Smith.  — 
Anniversary  of  Company  D.  —  Adjutant  "  Coppinger  Murray."  —  Camp  Sports.  — 
The  Thirteenth  Mass.  Volunteers.—  Ball's  Bluff.—  Camp  Tuthill.—  Muddy 
Branch.  —  First  Camp  Prescott.  —  General  Scott  is  Retired,  and  McClellan. 
Appointed  General-in-Chief.  —  Malaria.  —  Darnestown.  —  Third  Camp  Prescott.  — 
On  the  March.  —  Gainesville.  —  Letters. 


morning  of  the  8th  of  July  opened  clear  and  pleasant. 
At  noon,  the  march  was  resumed,  and  it  was  then  very 
warm.  The  route  led  over  roads  that  were  deep  with  dust,  hav 
ing  been  traversed  by  the  men  of  both  armies,  as  was  evi 
denced  by  the  absence  of  fences  and  the  presence  of  smoulder 
ing  fires,  dead  horses  and  deserted  houses.  Later  on,  while 

o 

marching  parallel  with  the  Baltimore  and  Ohio  railroad,  it  was 
noticed  that  the  track  had  been  destroyed  for  miles,  the  rails 
and  ties  piled  together  and  burned  by  the  retreating  enemy, 
reported  to  be  eleven  thousand  strong,  under  General  Joseph 
E.  Johnston.  At  three  o'clock  Martinsburg  was  reached,  near 
which  a  portion  of  General  Robert  Patterson's  troops  were 
passed,  they  having  crossed  the  river  on  the  2nd  and  driven 
the  enemy  from  the  town.  The  NINTH  marched  about  a  mile 
beyond,  going  into  bivouac  upon  a  hill-side,  which  was  named 
Camp  Hallick,  in  honor  of  the  Lieutenant-Colonel.  During 
the  night  the  men  were  thoroughly  drenched  by  a  rain-btorm, 
but  minded  it  little. 

Company  K,  Capt.  Thomas  B.  Bunting,  Lieutenants  W.  M. 


1861  BATTERY,    COMPANY    K.  59 

Bramhall  and  Joseph  W.  Martin,  reported  to  the  regiment  on 
the  gth.  This  command  had  been  recruited  mainly  in 
Railway,  N.  J.  It  was  organized  as  a  light  battery  and  was 
composed  of  a  very  intelligent  body  of  men. 

In  several  of  the  militia  regiments — previous  to  the  war — 
Company  K  was  known  as  the  artillery  company,  but  few  of 
them  were  supplied  with  guns.  When  Company  K  of  the 
NINTH  was  being  recruited  for  artillery  service,  the  members 
expected  that  their  battery  would  be  part  and  parcel  of  the 
regiment  in  the  field,  and  the  organization  was  known  as  the 

o  <-> 

"  Ninth  New  York  Battery."  In  order,  however,  to  secure 
greater  efficiency  in  that  arm  of  the  service,  the  military 
authorities  decided  to  place  all  the  light  artillery  under  some 
competent  officer,  as  chief  of  that  branch,  or  to  assign  the  bat 
teries  to  brigade  or  division  commanders.  Company  K  had 
been  mustered  into  the  service  for  "  the  War,"  at  New  York, 
on  June  2Oth,  but  the  officers  were  not  commissioned  until  in 
January,  1862. 

Upon  arriving  at  Washington  the  company  was  sent  to 
Camp  Cameron,  there  to  await  equipment.  Field  guns  were 
scarce  at  that  time,  and  when  ordered  to  the  front,  but  two 
small  pieces,  both  old  and  almost  unserviceable,  were  all  that 
had  been  furnished. 

When  ordered  to  report  to  the  NINTH,  the  company  put 
their  two  pieces,  horses,  ammunition  and  baggage  upon  the 
cars,  and  proceeded  via  Baltimore  and  Harrisburg  to  Hagers- 
town,  Md.,  where  they  hitched  up  and  thence  marched  to  the' 
Potomac,  crossing  the  river  near  Williamsport.  The  water 
was  deep  and  the  ford  difficult  to  cross  at  the  time,  and  the 
green  artillerymen  had  some  rough  experience  in  getting  their 
oains  on  to  the  Virginia  shore. 

O  Q 

Inasmuch  as  the  question  has  been  raised  since  the  war 
whether  or  not  the  battery  ever  was  attached  to  the  regiment, 
the  following  letter,  written  by  Captain  Bunting  on  June  29th, 
1887,  is  given 

Upon  going  to  Washington,  the  Battery  went  into  camp,  at  Camp  Cameron,  on 
Fourteenth  Street,  where  Lieut.  Anderson  was  in  command  of  a  detachment  of  the 


6O  THE    NINTH    NEW    YORK.  July 

NINTH,  and  whom  I  succeeded  as  Camp  Commander.  We  remained  there  until  some 
time  in  July,  then  joined  the  regiment  at  Martinsburg,  Va.,  arriving  late  in  the  day, 
reporting  to  Colonel  Stiles,  making  a  parade  next  day  with  the  regiment,  and  being 
ordered  soon  after  to  report  to  General  Negley,  who  was  in  command  of  a  Pennsyl 
vania  Brigade.  With  him  we  marched  to  Harper's  Ferry,  from  there  to  Darnestown, 
Md..  from  this  point  we  were  ordered  to  Poolesville,  Md.,  reporting  to  General  Chas. 
P.  Stone,  then  in  command  of  the  "  Army  of  Observation." 

From  camp  in  Poolesville  I  wrote  to  the  Governor  of  the  State  of  New  York,  ask 
ing  that  commissions  should  be  sent  for  the  officers  of  the  Battery,  "  Light  Co.  K, 
9th  N.  Y.  S.  M.,"  and  calling  his  attention  to  the  fact  that  we  left  New  York  with  his 
permission  and  were  entitled  to  the  commissions.  (I  think  up  to  that  date  the  com 
missions  had  been  refused  to  the  officers  of  the  regiment  on  the  ground  that  the  regi 
ment  left  the  State  without  the  Governor's  order  or  permission.) 

There  was  little  delay  in  receiving  the  commissions,  but  they  changed  the  name 
of  ths  organization  to  "  Sixth  New  York  Independent  Battery,"  and  the  commis 
sions  were  so  issued. 

Until  these  commissions   were   so   received,  we  did  beyond  question  belong  to  the 
NINTH  New  York,  and  every  one  in  the  command  so  understood  it. 

Very  truly  yours, 

T.  B.  BUNTING. 

Martinsburg,  the  county  seat  of  Berkeley  County,  pre 
vious  to  the  war,  was  a  town  of  considerable  importance  ;  the 
repair  shops  of  the  Baltimore  and  Ohio  railroad  were  located 
there,  and  gave  employment  to  a  large  number  of  men.  A 
strong  Union  feeling  existed  at  the  beginning  of  hostilities. 
As  the  Union  and  Confederate  troops  alternately  occupied  the 
place,  the  result  was  a  great  destruction  of  property,  and  most 
of  the  inhabitants  were  compelled  to  leave.  The  Southern 
troops,  before  retreating,  had  burned  the  railroad  buildings 
and  rendered  useless  much  valuable  machinery,  including 
about  thirty-five  locomotives ;  they  also  burned  some  three 
hundred  cars  and  many  more  were  "ditched"  into  a  creek. 

Major-General  Charles  W.  Sanford,  commanding  the  First 
Division  of  New  York  State  Militia,  was  in  command  of  the 
troops  in  the  vicinity,  with  headquarters  in  the  late  residence 
of  Robert  J.  Faulkner  (formerly  U.  S.  minister  to  Russia), 
who  having  joined  the  cause  of  the  rebels  had  retired  within 
their  lines.  A  review  of  all  the  New  York  regiments  there- 

O 

abouts  was  held  one  day  ;  General  Sanford  being  the  review 
ing  officer.  While  here  the  NINTH  took  its  first  lesson  in 
foraging,  and  judging  from  the  quantity  of  fowls,  honey, 


i86i  A    FAMINE    AND    A    FEAST.  6 1 

vegetables  and  tobacco  brought  into  camp,  the  men  proved 
apt  scholars.  This  seeming  robbery  was,  to  a  certain  extent, 
due  to  the  inefficiency  of  the  army  commissary  and  the 
actual  wants  of  the  men. 

Rations  were  scarce  and  irregularly  issued,  while  much 
that  was  provided  was  unfit  to  eat.  Being  without  tents,  the 
men  were  obliged  to  improvise  shelters  of  brush,  the  few  who 
succeeded  in  procuring  boards  with  which  to  roof  their  huts, 
being  looked  upon  with  envy  by  their  less  fortunate  comrades. 
While  the  heat  during  the  day  was  intense,  the  nights  were 
cool  and  chilly. 

Owing  to  the  variety  of  uniforms  worn  by  the  troops  of  the 
contending  armies,  the  men  of  Patterson's  command  were 
ordered  to  wear  a  strip  of  white  cotton  cloth  on  the  left  arm 
above  the  elbow  ;  this  was  also  to  serve  as  a  bandage  in  case 
of  wounds. 

On  the  1 5th,  Colonel  Stone's  brigade  was  reorganized, 
and  consisted,  besides  the  NINTH,  of  the  First  New  Hamp 
shire,  Seventeenth  and  Twenty-fifth  Pennsylvania.  At  about 
nine  o'clock  in  the  morning  the  command  marched,  and  at  one 
in  the  afternoon  halted  near  Bunker  Hill,  the  cavalry  advance 
having  encountered  the  rear  guard  of  the  enemy  who  had 
evacuated  Harper's  Ferry  in  the  forenoon.  The  artillery,  till 
then  in  rear  of  the  infantry,  was  sent  forward  at  a  gallop,  and 
after  a  few  shells  had  been  fired  into  the  woods  which  con 
cealed  the  enemy,  the  advance  was  continued  towards  Win 
chester.  A  short  distance  beyond  Bunker  Hill  the  infantry 
halted  and  went  into  bivouac,  the  troops  tired  and  hungry 
after  their  tedious  tramp  of  some  ten  miles.  The  men  were 
also  glad  of  the  rest  which  the  following  day  afforded,  and  so 
no  doubt  were  the  people  of  the  neighborhood,  as  it  gave 
them  an  opportunity  to  trade  with  the  soldiers. 

They  soon  thronged  the  camp  bringing  bread,  biscuit, 
milk,  etc.,  which  were  gladly  purchased.  Berries,  too.  were 
plenty,  and  the  men  were  not  long  in  satisfying  their  craving 
appetites.  In  order  to  prevent  pillaging,  orders  were  issued  to 
the  effect  that  death  would  be  the  penalty  for  a  violation  of  the 


62  THE    NINTH    NEW    YORK.  July 

rule.  At  dress  parade,  the  Colonel,  in  trying  to  impress  upon 
the  men  the  importance  of  strict  obedience  to  this  order,  got  a 
little  mixed,  and  unwittingly  originated  a  "  bull  "  by  solemnly 
declaring  that  "  Deatk  without  punishment"  would  be  the  late 
of  the  transgressors. 

The  troops  resumed  their  forward  movement  on  the  morn 
ing  of  the  i /th.  When  near  Middleway  the  cavalry  again 
encountered  the  enemy,  and  the  artillery  was  ordered  to  the 
front,  but  the  guns  were  not  used.  The  NINTH  was  sent  for 
ward  to  support  the  cavalry  and  repel  any  attack  that  might  be 
made.  After  remaining  in  line  for  half  an  hour  or  so  in  a 
newly-mown  field,  and  no  enemy  appearing,  the  march  was 
continued.  After  passing  through  Middleway  the  direct  road 
to  Charlestown  was  taken,  the  troops  arriving  there  at  eight 
o'clock.  Although  only  thirteen  miles  had  been  covered,  the 
march  was  a  severe  one,  owing  to  the  rough  roads  and  hot 
sun. 

The  next  morning  a  few  citizens  timidly  ventured  within 
the  camp,  and  informed  the  men  that  their  bivouac  was  in  the 
very  field  in  which  John  Brown  had  been  hung,  whereupon 
many  of  the  men  scoured  the  neighborhood  for  relics  of  the 
gallows  upon  which  the  unfortunate  hero  had  paid  the  penalty 
of  his  rashness.  There  was  no  mistaking  the  sympathies  of 
the  people  living  in  the  vicinity — they  were  all  "  Secesh  "  to 
the  core.  Public  opinion — where  there  had  been  any  laggards 
— had  sent  every  young  man  of  any  respectability  into  the 
Confederate  army,  and  none  but  the  aged  or  physically  dis 
abled  remained  at  home.  This  did  not  surprise  the  Union 
soldiers,  they  expected  such  would  be  the  case  ;  if  there  was 
any  class  of  people  the  men  detested — next  to  a  Northern 
Copperhead — it  was  the  sneaking  individuals  met  with  in  the 
South,  who  were  Unionists  or  Confederates  according  to  their 
surroundings  for  the  time  being. 

During  the  day,  companies  B  and  E,  Captains  Deppeler 
and  Smith,  were  ordered  to  march  about  three  miles  in  the 
direction  of  Winchester,  where  it  was  learned  that  a  number 
of  cars,  loaded  with  corn,  were  standing  upon  a  track  of  the 


l86l  MARCHED    IN    RETREAT.  63 

Shenandoah  railroad.  The  cars  were  round,  a  rope  hitched 
to  the  train,  and  company  E  acting  as  the  motive  power, 
they  were  hauled  back  to  Charlestown,  Company  B  bringing 
up  and  protecting  the  rear.  The  arrival  of  this  first  capture 
of  the  enemy's  stores  by  the  NINTH  was  hailed  with  shouts  of 
joy,  especially  as  no  casualties  had  occurred  to  the  force 
engaged. 

On  the  iQth,  as  a  result  of  the  efforts  made  at  Camp  Stone 
on  the  iith  of  June,  the  regimental  band  of  eighteen  pieces, 
under  the  leadership  of  George  Neyer,  arrived.  In  the  even 
ing  the  regiment  was  treated — much  to  its  delight — to  a  choice 
selection  of  patriotic  music.  The  usual  routine  of  the  camp 
was  now  resumed,  the  officers  and  men  when  off  duty  either 
visiting  the  town  or  rambling  about  the  vicinity.  Quite  unex- 

O  O  J  **^ 

pectedly  a  movement  to  the  rear  was  begun  on  the  morning 
of  the  2ist.  This  caused  great  disappointment.  With  the 
single  exception  of  the  skirmish — the  river  dividing  the  hostile 
forces — at  Harper's  Ferry,  on  the  4th,  no  opportunity  had 
been  afforded  the  NINTH  of  engaging  the  enemy,  and  now,  just 
when  it  seemed  that  an  action  was  pending,  a  retreat  was 
ordered.  It  was  not  known  then  that  the  "Army  of  North 
eastern  Virginia,"  under  General  Irvin  McDowell,  was  at  that 
moment  fio-htinsf  the  battle  of  Bull  Run,  nor  that  the  bulk  of 

o  o 

Johnston's  army  had  left  the  Valley  two  days  before,  for  the 
purpose  of  making  possible  a  defeat  of  the  Union  army  on  the 
plains  of 'Manassas,  and  that  the  only  force  in  front  of  Patter 
son's  twenty  thousand  men,  was  a  mere  rear-guard,  left  there 
for  the  purpose  of  deceiving  the  Union  general. 

The  march  in  retreat  was  a  leisurely  one,  over  a  good 
macadamized  road,  and  when  Bolivar  Heights  was  reached, 
the  regiment  bivouacked  for  the  night.  The  Heights  are* 
about  a  mile  south  of  Harper's  Ferry,  and  near  by  was  the 
little  hamlet  of  Bolivar,  the  former  home  of  most  of  the 
employees  in  the  U.  S.  Arsenal.  After  it  was  found  that  the 
regiment  was  to  remain  awhile,  the  bivouac  was  named  Camp 
Atterbury,  the  location  being  changed  once  in  order  to  secure 
a  better  drill  and  parade  ground.  Company  drills  alone  were 


64  THE    NINTH    NEW    YORK.  July 

practiced,  and  this  gave  the  men  considerable  spare  time, 
which  they  utilized  in  exploring  the  surroundings.  '  The  cave 
where  John  Brown  had  secreted  his  "  army  "  of  twenty-five 
men,  and  with  which  he  purposed  doing  battle  against  the 
people  of  Virginia  and  freeing  their  slaves,  was  discovered 
and  visited,  and  the  spring  of  ice  cold  water  found  there  was 
appreciated,  fully  as  much,  perhaps,  as  the  romance  attending 
the  movements  of  old  "  Ossawatomie." 

The  following  orders  explain  themselves  : 

GENERAL  ORDERS,  ) 
No.  33.  \ 

HEADQUARTERS,  DEPARTMENT  OF  PENNSYLVANIA, 

Harper's  Ferry,   Va.,  July  2 ^th ,  1 86 1 . 

The  term  for  which  the  troops  from  Pennsylvania  were  called  into  service  having 
expired,  and  nearly  all  of  them  having  returned  to  their  homes,  the  commanding  gen 
eral,  by  direction  of  the  War  Department,  relinquishes  the  command  of  this  depart 
ment  on  the  expiration  of  his  term  of  service. 

The  commanding  general  regrets  to  leave  you.  It  is  with  satisfaction  that  he 
recalls  to  you  that  you  have  steadily  advanced  in  the  face  of  the  enemy,  greatly- 
superior  in  numbers  and  artillery,  and  offered  battle,  which  they  refused  until  pro 
tected  by  their  strong  intrenchments  at  Winchester. 

You  have  done  all  that  was  possible  and  more  than  could  have  been  expected  or 
demanded,  and  if  advantage  has  not  been  taken  of  your  sacrifices,  and  if  the  fruits  of 

your  campaign  have  been  lost,  the  fault  cannot  be  imputed  to  you. 

******** 

R.  PATTERSON, 

Major-General  Commanding . 
GENERAL  ORDERS,  ) 
NO.  34.  \ 

HEADQUARTERS,  DEPARTMENT  OF  THE  SHENANDOAH, 

Harper's  Ferry,  V a.,  July  2*,th,  1861.  . 

By  virtue  of  orders  received  from  the  War  Department,  Major-General  N.  P.  Banks 
hereby  assumes  command  of  this  department. 
By  order  of 

GENERAL  BANKS.  ROBERT  WILLIAMS, 

Asst.  Adjt.-Genl. 

Reports  of  the  enemy's  advance  towards  Harper's  Ferry- 
induced  General  Banks  to  practically  evacuate  the  place,  and 
on  the  28th  the  NINTH,  with  the  bulk  of  the  little  army — now 
about  six  thousand  strong — recrossed  the  Potomac.  The 
march  to  the  ford,  although  short,  was  a  very  dusty  one,  and 
on  emerging  from  the  water  the  men  presented  a  rather 
dirty  and  bedraggled  appearance.  The  march  was  continued 


i86i 


CAMP    DAVIS.  65 


to  the  summit  of  Maryland  Heights,  where,  on  the  following 
day,  after  the  tents,  which  had  been  forwarded  from  Point  of 
Rocks,  were  pitched,  Camp  Davis,  in  honor  of  the  captain  of 
Company  D,  was  established.  The  distances  marched  up  to 
this  time  aggregated  one  hundred  and  thirty-two  miles. 

<_>o         o  j 

The  men  were  thoroughly  disgusted  at  the  result  of  their 
first  campaign  in  the  enemy's  territory,  and  from  which  they 
had  retreated  without  firing  a  shot  or  suffering  a  single 
casualty.  The  fatigues  of  the  march  and  the  discomforts  of 
the  bivouac,  during  the  three  weeks  of  "  active  "  service,  did 
not  seem  to  have  injured  the  men,  but  had  rather  served  to 
"  season  "  them.  No  serious  cases  of  sickness  had  occurred, 
and  the  NINTH  was  in  condition  to  respond  to  any  demands 
that  might  be  made  upon  it. 

Such  was  the  importance  of  the  commanding  position  on 
the  heights,  which  overlooked  both  Loudoun  Heights  and 
Harper's  Ferry,  that  it  was  decided  to  fortify  the  place  ;  the 
only  objection  to  its  permanent  occupancy  being  the  lack  of 
water,  that  necessary  fluid  having  to  be  brought  from  Sandy 
Hook  at  the  foot  of  the  mountain.  The  men  were  called  upon 
to  perform  a  variety  of  work,  to  cut  wood,  work  on  the  forti 
fications,  and  guard  trains,  besides  their  regular  guard  and 
picket  duty.  Company  drills  were  also  performed,  the  limited 
extent  of  clear  or  level  ground  precluding  battalion  move 
ments. 

On  the  28th  Captain  Morrison  resigned  to  accept  pro 
motion  in  another  organization.  He  first  entered  the  State 
service  as  a  member  of  the  Seventh  regiment  in  1855,  ^ut 
soon  removed  to  St.  Louis,  Mo.,  where  he  joined  the  St.  Louis 
City  Guard  and  became  its  commander.  His  great  popularity 
was  evidenced  by  a  rival  organization,  the  "  Independent 
Guards,"  presenting  him  with  some  silver  plate,  in  July,  1860. 
In  April,  1861,  he'enrolled  forty  of  the  City  Guard  for  special 
U.  S.  service,  but  Governor  Claiborne  F.  Jackson,  a  strong 
Secessionist,  refused  to  arm  them,  when  Captain  Morrison 
returned  to  New  York,  and  on  the  26th  of  that  month  was 
elected  Captain  of  Company  A,  of  the  NINTH. 

5 


66  THE    NINTH    NEW    YORK.  August 

Early  in  August  Surgeon  Bigelow  retired  to  civil  life. 
This  was  much  regretted,  for,  during  the  short  time  he  had 
been  with  the  regiment,  such  had  been  his  attention  to  the 
sick,  though  few  in  number,  that  he  had  gained  the  respect  and 
•esteem  of  every  member  of  the  command.  Only  two  deaths 
by  disease  had  occurred,  both  from  typhoid  fever ;  the  bodies 
were  buried  in  the  vicinity  with  military  honors,  and  shortly 
afterwards  one  of  them  was  disinterred  and  forwarded  to  New 
York  for  final  burial. 

In  the  absence  of  more  stirring  events,  the  expiration  of 
the  three  months'  term  of  service,  and  its  departure  for  home, 
of  the  First  New  Hampshire  regiment,  was  a  matter  of  much 
interest  to  the  NINTH.  The  Granite  State  men — many  of 
them — were  loath  to  leave  the  field  without  having  met  the 
enemy.  A  close  friendship  had  for  some  time  existed  between 
the  two  regiments,  and  the  final  parting  could  not  but  produce 
feelinos  of  regret.  Those  of  the  NINTH  off  duty  went  down 

O  O  J 

to  Sandy  Hook  to  see  the  First  off  on  the  cars  and,  as  souvenirs 
of  mutual  comradeship,  an  exchange  of  caps  and  jackets  was 
freely  made.  When  the  train  moved  off  cheer  upon  cheer 
rent  the  air  with  such  force  that  the  enemy — if  within  hear 
ing — must  have  wondered  what  was  up. 

On  the  6th  a  U.  S.  Paymaster  arrived  in  camp  and  paid  (in 
specie)  each  member  of  the  regiment  for  twenty-three  days 
services.  The  men  had  been  hard  up  for  some  time,  and  had 
it  not  been  for  the  liberality  of  the  sutler,  who  gave  almost 
unlimited  credit,  many  would  have  fared  badly.  On  the  /th 
the  rank  and  file  of  the  regiment  were  taxed  fifty  cents  each 
towards  the  expense  of  organizing  the  band,  which  amount  was 
cheerfully  paid,  and  believed  to  be  a  good  investment.  "  Pre 
pare  to  march,"  was  almost  a  daily  order,  only  to  be  counter 
manded  before  night  ;  but  the  long  rest  of  eighteen  day's  was 
well  improved,  and  the  drill  and  discipline  gained  was  of  great 
service  in  all  subsequent  operations. 

While  the  NINTH  was  on  the  summit  of  Maryland  Heights 
""  observing "  the  enemy  on  the  opposite  side  of  the  river. 
General  Stone's  division  was  located  near  Poolesville.  On  the 


i86l  THE    NINTH    WANTED.  67 

13th  General  Scott  ordered  Banks  to  withdraw  his  troops  from 
Maryland  Heights,  and  form  a  new  defensive  line  along  the 
Monocacy  River,  between  Frederick  City  and  the  Potomac. 
General  Stone's  pickets  were  to  watch  the  fords  and  ferries 
between  Great  Falls  and  Point  of  Rocks  ;  while  General  Banks 
was  to  look  after  the  Upper  Potomac  as  far  as  Williamsport. 

About  the  middle  of  the  month  scouts  informed  General 
Stone  that  the  enemy,  located  in  force  near  Leesburg,  Va., 
contemplated  a  crossi'ng  in  his  front.  Stone's  force  was  weak, 
and  what  few  guns  he  had  were  small  and  of  short  ranofe;  and 

ra  c> 

on  the   1  6th  he  wrote   McClellan  asking    for  guns  of    longer 


and   two   additional    regiments  —  "  the  Fifteenth  Massa- 

o 

chusetts,  now  at  Washington,  and  the  Ninth  New  York  State 
Militia,  now  with  General  Banks."  General  Stone  evidently 
•entertained  a  high  opinion  of  the  NINTH,  formed  from  what 
he  had  seen  of  the  regiment  while  under  his  command. 
General  Banks,  perhaps,  had  equally  good  reasons  for  refusing 
to  loan  the  NINTH,  and  the  transfer  was  not  made. 

At  eight  o'clock  on  the  morning  of  the  i  7th  Camp  Davis 
was  abandoned,  the  NINTH  taking  its  place  in  brigade  line  of 
march,  with  the  Third  Wisconsin,  Twenty  seventh  Indiana, 
and  Twenty-ninth  Pennsylvania.  These  regiments  replaced 
the  New  Hampshire  and  Pennsylvania  troops,  whose  three 
months'  term  of  service  had  expired.  Brigadier-General 
Charles  S.  Hamilton  was  in  command.  The  route  of  march 
was  northeast,  over  rough  roads  frequently  crossed  by  small 
watercourses,  up  hill,  down  dale,  and  cross  lots.  While  pass 
ing  through  the  villages  of  Knoxville  and  Jeffersonville,  the 
hearts  of  the  men  were  cheered  by  the  display  of  Union  flags, 
in  recognition  of  which  the  band  treated  the  citizens  to  its 
best  music.  The  strains  of  the  "Star  Spangled  Banner" 
brought  forth  cheers  and  "God  bless  you"  from  the  patriotic 
people.  Shortly  after  passing  through  Jeffersonville  a  halt  for 
an  hour  was  made  to  allow  the  men  to  prepare  coffee,  after  which 
the  march  was  continued  till  near  nightfall,  when  a  bivouac  was 

O 

formed  upon  ground  owned  by  the  the  descendents  of  Charles 
Carroll,  a  signer  of  the  immortal  Declaration  of  Independence. 


68  THE    NINTH    NEW    YORK.  August 

Carrollton,  except  from  a  historical  point  of  view,  was  a  mean 
place  and  totally  unfit  for  a  camp  ground  ;  it  was  low,  wet  and 
marshy,  and  the  water  obtainable  for  drinkino-  and  cookino- 

c>  & 

purposes,  very  poor.  Captain  Deppeler,  in  whose  honor  the 
bivouac  was  named,  was  not  much  elated. 

On  this  day  General  Scott  issued  the  following  order : 

HEADQUARTERS  OF  THE  ARMY, 

Washington,  August  \~Jth,  1861.. 
GENERAL  ORDERS,  ) 
No.  15.  [ 

The  Departments  of  Washington  and  Northeastern  Virginia  will  he  united  into 
one,  to  which  will  be  annexed  the  Valley  of  the  Shenandoah,  the  whole  of  Maryland 
and  of  Delaware,  to  be  denominated  the  Department  of  the  Potomac,  under  Major- 
General  McClellan  *  *  *  who  will  proceed  to  organize  the  troops  under  him  into 
divisions  and  independent  brigades. 

At  half-past  six  on  the  morning  of  the  i8th,  the  men  were 
in  line  again,  and  soon  passed  through  the  village  of 
Buckeystown,  thence  over  the  Monocacy  River,  and  camped 
about  noon  two  miles  beyond.  Captain  Rutherford  was  hon 
ored  by  the  name  of  this  camp,  which  was  pitched  upon  a 
hill  in  an  opening  in  the  woods,  and  but  a  short  distance  from 
the  river  which,  at  this  point,  was  a  narrow  and  shallow 
stream,  but  admirably  adapted  for  washing  and  bathing  pur 
poses.  Good  spring  water  was  also  plenty  and  near  at  hand. 
Dress-parade  was  numerously  attended  by  the  people  of  the 
neighborhood,  who  showed  great  interest  in  all  the  move 
ments.  The  thrifty  visitors  did  not  come  empty-handed,  and 
as  soon  as  the  parade  was  dismissed,  displayed  a  tempting 
assortment  of  luxuries,  which  were  eagerly  purchased  by  the 
men.  Lager  beer  and  lemonade  were  also  offered  outside  the 
line  of  guards,  and  it  was  said  that  a  wink  of  the  eye  and  the 
display  of  the  proper  collateral  produced  whiskey  too.  Where- 
ever  the  latter  was  discovered  in  the  hands  of  the  men,  or  of 
the  peddlers,  by  the  officers  on  duty,  the  contraband  article 
was  confiscated,  ostensibly  for  hospital  use,  but  those  who  were 
despoiled,  were  uncharitable  enough  to  say — and  believe- 
that  the  captured  article  seldom  got  as  far  as  the  hospital 
tent.  Tobacco  and  cigars  were  sold  by  nearly  all  the  huck- 


lS6l  COMPANY    I    ARRIVES    AT    THE    FRONT.  69 

sters,  and  this  caused  no  little  dissatisfaction  to  the  regimental 
sutler,  who,  when  the  men  were  out  of  money,  had  given 
them  liberal  credit.  Patronizing  outsiders,  and  "  Rebs  " — so 
he  styled  them — at  that,  he  thought  a  poor  requital  of  his 
favors. 

On  this  day  a  member  of  Company  B,  who  had  been  sick 
and  partially  deranged  for  some  time,  committed  suicide,  the 
Chaplain  of  the  Twenty-ninth  Pennsylvania  officiating  at  the 
funeral. 

Just  about  dusk  on  the  2ist,  Company  I  reported  for  duty 
with  the  regiment,  from  Camp  Cameron,  where  it  had  been 
stationed  the  past  month,  and  was  cordially  received  by  the 
men  at  the  entrance  to  camp  ;  they  having  turned  out  to  see 
the  "well  drilled"  company,  as  such  a  reputation  had  preceded 
it. 

To  the  words  of  command  Hep  !  Hep  !  Hep  !  to  keep  the 
step,  the  company  entered  and  became  a  part  of  the  house 
hold  of  the  NINTH. 

The  officers  were,  Captain  Peter  J.  Claassen,  and  Lieuten 
ants  George  H.  Wheaton  and  Eno  J.  Claassen. 

The  company  had  been  enrolled  in  the  militia  service  of 
the  State  for  the  usual  period  of  seven  years,  and  on  the 
ijth  of  July  was  mustered  into  the  United  States  service  for 
"three  years  or  during  the  war,"  by  Captain  S.  B.  Hayman, 
;th  U.  S.  Infantry. 

On  the  2Oth  of  July,  the  company  had  left  New  York,  and 
the  next  day  reached  Washington.  No  little  excitement  was 
occasioned  among  the  members  when  the  news  of  the  defeat 
at  Bull  Run  was  received.  The  company  was  put  underarms 
and  the  men  expected  to  participate  in  the  defence  of  the  city. 
Drilling  was  vigorously  prosecuted  during  the  sojourn  at 
Camp  Cameron,  and  the  men  passed  through  the  same 
experience  all  new  soldiers  encounter.  The  Seventy-ninth 
Highlanders,  N.  Y.  S.  M.,  from  the  city  of  New  York,  and 
veterans  of  the  Bull  Run  campaign,  were  encamped  near  by 
during  the  early  part  of  August,  and  the  new  company  wit 
nessed  an  instance  of  the  execution  of  military  law,  that  was 


/O  THE    NINTH    NEW    YORK.  August 

doubtless  of  benefit  to  them.  For  reasons  which  appeared 
good  to  them,  eight  companies  of  the  Seventy-ninth  refused 
to  obey  certain  orders,  and  during-  the  day  much  excitement 
was  occasioned  among  the  members  of  the  regiment.  Towards 
evening  their  camp  was  surrounded  by  regular  troops,  under 
command  of  the  Provost  Marshal,  Brig.-General  Andrew 
Porter,  and  under  penalty  of  being  blown  out  of  existence  by 
artillery,  for  further  refusal  to  obey  orders,  were  commanded 
to  "  fall  in."  They  fell  in,  and  were  marched  off  under  heavy 
guard.  The  regimental  colors  were  taken  from  them,  not  to 
be  restored  until  they  had  re-won  them  upon  the  field  of  bat 
tle,  and  a  number  of  the  members  were  sent  as  prisoners  to 
the  Dry  Tortugas,  Gulf  of  Mexico,  where  they  were  kept  at 
hard  labor  until  the  following  Spring.  Trouble  had  arisen  in 
other  regiments  about  this  time,  and  General  McClellan 
found  that  heroic  measures  were  necessary  to  quell  these 
incipient  mutinies. 

On  the  morning  of  the  2ist,  Captain  Claassen  started 
with  his  company  to  join  the  regiment,  proceeding  by  railway 
via  Relay  House  and  Frederick  Junction,  arriving,  as  has 
been  stated,  at  the  close  of  the  day. 

After  a  week's  stay  at  Camp  Rutherford  orders  were 
again  received  to  move,  and  at  five  o'clock  on  the  afternoon 
of  the  26th,  line  was  formed,  the  column  marching  an  hour 
later.  The  regiment  left  camp  to  the  inspiring  strains  of 
"Dixie."  The  direction  was  south,  over  rough  and  muddy 
roads,  and  after  dark  the  marching  became  very  tiresome. 
Shortly  after  ten  o'clock  a  halt  was  made  near  the  town  of 
Urbana.  Soon  after  breakfast  the  next  morning  the  march 

O 

was  resumed,  the  Twenty-ninth  Pennsylvania  leading  the 
brigade.  The  roads  were  bad,  and  much  delay  was  caused  by 
the  men  being  obliged  to  stop  and  remove  their  shoes  and 
stockings,  before  wading  through  the  brooks  ;  bridges  were 
few  and  crossed  only  the  larger  streams.  The  column  halted 
a  short  distance  beyond  Barnesville,  and  bivouacked  in  a  field 
amid  stacks  of  prain,  which  the  men  were  forbidden  to  touch, 

O 

the  rules  being  strictly  obeyed  while  daylight  lasted.      During 


1861  CAMP    SMITH.  71 

the  day  Lieutenants  Charles  R.  Braine  and  William  S. 
Stryker,  and  Privates  Michael  T.  Burke  and  Michael  Dum- 
phrey  of  Company  I,  and  others,  were  detailed  for  duty  with 
the  Signal  Corps. 

At  half-past  seven  on  the  morning  of  the  28th  the  men 
were  again  on  the  march  ;  the  rain  falling  in  torrents  soon 
rendered  the  roads  almost  impassable,  and  swelled  the  streams 
to  such  an  extent  that  they  were  difficult  to  ford.  When  near 
Poolesville  a  halt  was  ordered  and  the  men  went  into  a  wet 
bivouac.  During  the  day  the  Second  N.  Y.  S.  M.  (Eighty- 
second  N.  Y.  Vols. )  from  New  York  city  was  met.  The 
si<rht  of  each  was  a  treat  to  both  regiments,  and  notwith- 

o  o 

standing  the  wet  condition  of  all,  the  discomfort  was  forgotten 
for  the  moment,  as  familiar  faces  were  recognized  here  and 
there  in  the  two  regiments.  The  First  Minnesota  and 
Fifteenth  Massachusetts  were  also  met  and  kindly  greetings 
exchanged.  At  eight  o'clock  the  next  morning  the  column 
was  again  in  motion.  After  passing  through  Poolesville  a.id 
Dawsonville,  the  route  led  towards  Darnestown,  and  when 
within  a  mile  of  the  place  the  regiment  went  into  camp. 

Camp  Smith,  in  compliment  to  the  captain  of  company 
E,  was  regularly  laid  out ;  the  location  was  a  most  desirable 
one,  ground  level,  good  water  and  plenty  of  it,  and  trees 
enough  near  by  to  afford  a  grateful  shade  during  the  heat  of 
the  day  to  those  off  duty.  The  whole  of  Banks'  division, 
consisting  of  the  brigades  of  Generals  Abercrombie,  Hamilton 
and  Williams,  besides  the  artillery  and  a  small  detachment  of 
cavalry,  was  camped  in  the  vicinity.  The  neighboring  people 
soon  thronged  the  camps  and  a  lively  trade  in  eatables  and 
drinkables  was  established. 

On  the  4th  of  September  marching  orders — afterwards 
countermanded — were  issued.  A  game  of  baseball,  between 
companies  C  and  G,  resulted  in  a  victory  for  the  former  by 
a  score  of  eighteen  to  twelve.  On  the  13th  the  regiment 
was  inspected  by  General  Banks,  and  on  the  following 
day  Company  I,  was  detailed  for  guard  duty  at  his  headquar 
ters,  where  it  remained  until  October  29th. 


72  THE    NINTH    NEW    YORK.  September 

Monday  the  i6th  was  the  second  anniversary  of  the 
organization  of  Company  D,  and  its  members  assembled  in 
front  of  the  tent  of  Captain  Green, — who  had  succeeded 
Captain  Davis,  resigned — for  the  purpose  of  celebrating  the 
event.  The  company  street  had  been  profusely  decorated 
with  flags,  and  in  the  evening  a  display  of  Chinese  lanterns 
gave  the  quarters  a  gay  and  picturesque  appearance.  Re 
freshments,  though  of  a  somewhat  primitive  character,  were 
not  wanting,  and  full  justice  was  done  the  bill  of  fare.  Songs, 
recitations  and  one  or  two  speeches  constituted  the  literary 
portion  of  the  programme,  which  were  a  credit  to  the  partici 
pants  and  most  enjoyable  to  the  audience,  consisting  of  nearly 
the  entire  regiment. 

At  this  time  the  Legislature  of  Maryland  was  nearly 
equally  divided  between  Unionists  and  Secessionists  ;  an 
adjourned  meeting  was  to  convene  at  Frederick  on  the  lyth, 
and  it  was  hoped  by  the  "  Secesh  "  wing  that  an  ordinance  of 
secession  would  be  passed.  The  Secretary  of  War,  Simon 
Cameron,  ordered  General  Banks  to  arrest  the  secession  mem 
bers,  and  nine  or  more  of  the  House  of  Delegates  were  placed 
in  durance  vile.  The  Senate  failed  to  convene. 

Moving  orders  were  received  on  the  2ist,  but  the  command 
to  "  fall  in  "  failed  to  materialize.  On  the  22nd,  Company  L, 
Captain  Erastus  R.  Miller  with  Lieutenants  A.  Martin  Bur- 
tis  and  Andrew  B.  Stiles,  reported  for  duty,  and  was  gladly 
welcomed. 

The  company  had  been  recruited  during  the  month  of 
Auo-ust  through  the  efforts  of  Messrs.  E.  R.  Miller,  A.  M. 

O  O  0 

Burtis,  S.  S.  J.  Briggs  and  H.  V.  Williamson,  all  of  whom 
were  elected  to  office  in  it ;  the  uniforms  were  furnished  by 
Messrs.  Brooks  Bros.,  and  mostly  paid  for  by  the  members. 

On  August  3  ist,  at  the  Elm  Street  arsenal,  the  services  were 
accepted  by  the  U.  S.  Government  for  the  term  of  "  the  war  " 
by  Major  Frederick  Townsend,  i8th  Infantry  ;  Captain  F.  S. 
Larned,  i2th  Infantry;  Captain  S.  B.  Hayman,  ;th  Infantry; 
mustering  officers. 


1861  KNAPSACK    DRILL.  73 

Camp  Cameron  was  the  station  of  the  company  from 
about  September  4th,  until  leaving  to  report  to  the  regiment. 

The  NINTH  now  had  ten  companies  present  for  duty. 

On  the  following  day,  Surgeon  Charles  J.  Nordquist 
reported  for  duty,  having  been  appointed  to  succeed  Surgeon 
Bigelow. 

Second  Lieutenant  Charles  E.  Tu thill  was  promoted 
Adjutant,  vice  Coppinger  resigned.  The  latter  had  been 
Adjutant  since  1860,  and  was  a  gentlemen  respected  by  every 
member  of  the  regiment.  He  had  joined  the  renowned  "  City 
Guard  "  in  the  fifties,  bringing  with  him  a  ripe  experience  of 
active  service  in  the  British  army,  acquired  in  India  under 
General  Havelock.  In  1859,  ne  was  elected  First  Lieutenant 
of  Company  E,  and  shortly  afterwards  was  made  Adjutant. 
His  resignation  bore  date  September  ist,  and  was  caused  by 
his  being  summoned  to  England  to  take  possession  of  the 
paternal  estate. 

Camp  Smith  was  one  of  the  places  where  the  men  had 
abundant  opportunity  to  amuse  themselves  when  off  duty. 
During  the  day,  ball-playing,  pitching  quoits  and  even  marble- 
playing  were  indulged  in.  Singing  and  serenading  were  of 
nightly  occurrence,  the  serenade  generally  bestowed  upon 
some  popular  officer,  and  when  that  list  was  exhausted  many 
of  the  rank  and  file  were  complimented.  The  old  fire  laddies, 
too,  would  frequently  rush  through  camp  yelling  and  whoop 
ing,  as  they  dragged  an  old  cart  or  wagon  in  imitation  of  run 
ning  "  wid  der  machine." 

The  private  soldier  never  felt  like  bestowing  upon  the 
inventor  of  knapsack  drill  ihe  thanks  Sancho  Panza  gave  the 
author  of  sleep.  To  carry  a  knapsack  filled  with  bricks  or 
stones  was  sometimes  imposed  in  the  sentence  of  a  regimental 
court-martial,  but  when  a  regiment  was  ordered  out  on  drill 
in  heavy  marching  order,  it  also  savored  of  punishment,  and 
annoyed  and  tried  the  men  as  much  as  if  intended  for  that 
purpose.  Those  who  ordered  such  drills  doubtless  followed 
the  book  of  "  tactics,"  and,  of  course,  blundered  in  that  as  well 
as  in  other  matters  when  common  sense  should  have  been  the 


74  THE    NINTH    NEW    YORK.  September 

guide.  The  tacticians  seem  to  have  lost  sight  of  the  fact  that 
soldiers  hardly  ever  carry  their  knapsacks  within  the  range  of 
shot  and  shell,  for,  if  they  were  not  left  at  some  convenient 
point  under  orders,  they  were  very  unceremoniously  cast  aside 
as  soon  as  the  men  entered  the  battle-field.  But  it  was  laid 
down  in  the  "  tactics  "  that  such  drills  were  necessary — there 
fore  they  must  be  practiced.  The  NINTH  endured  the  afflic 
tion  for  the  first  time  on  the  25th. 

Thursday  the  26th  was  designated  by  the  President  as  a 
day  of  Thanksgiving,  and  was  honored  by  the  NINTH  and  the 
rest  of  the  division  by  parading  at  Darnestown  and  being 
reviewed  by  General  Banks.  A  large  concourse  of  visitors 
graced  the  occasion,  and  the  review  passed  off  with  great 
eclat. 

While  the  NINTH  was  formed  for  battalion  drill,  one  day, 
an  incident  occurred  which  served  to  bind  still  more  closely 
the  ties  of  friendship  that  had  existed  for  some  time  between 
the  regiment  and  the  Thirteenth  Massachusetts.  The  latter 
had  been  ordered  to  Williamsport,  and  wishing  to  pay  their 
comrades  a  parting  visit,  marched  in  line  up  to  within  a  few 
paces  of  the  NINTH.  Halting,  they  gave  "Three  cheers  for 
the  New  York  NINTH."  The  NINTH  returned  the  compliment, 
upon  which  the  Thirteenth  resumed  its  march.  These  two 
regiments — one  from  Boston,  the  other  from  New  York — never 
ceased  to  be  firm  friends,  and  it  was  their  good  fortune  to  be 
closely  associated  for  nearly  two  years  afterwards,  sharing  the 
fatigues  of  the  march,  the  pleasures  of  the  camp,  and  the 
perils  and  dangers  of  the  battle-field. 

On  the  last  day  of  September,  the  sound  of  heavy  guns  in 
the  direction  of  the  Chain  Bridge,  indicated  that  the  army  of 
the  Potomac  was  feeling  the  enemy.  Early  in  the  month, 
under  the  personal  direction  of  General  McClellan,  an  advance 
had  been  made  from  the  defenses  along  Arlington  Heights, 
from  the  vicinity  of  the  Chain  Bridge,  and  the  enemy 
driven  back  at  every  point.  Frequent  rumors  of  a  move  on 
the  part  of  Banks'  army,  too,  kept  the  men  of  the  NINTH  in 
constant  expectation  of  an  active  campaign,  an  event  desired 


l86i  THE    MARCH    TOWARDS    BALLS    BLUFF.  75 

by  both  officers  and  men,  for  as  yet  they  had  realized  none  of 
the  "  glory  "  resulting  from  active  service. 

The  month  of  October,  a  most  delightful  season  of  the 
year,  opened  with  a  review  of  the  division  at  Camp  Stone, 
the  NINTH  marching  to  that  place  in  the  morning  and  return 
ing  during  the  afternoon. 

Service  at  Camp  Smith  was  by  no  means  light,  for,  in 
addition  to  the  routine,  details  were  made  to  perform  picket 
duty  at  Seneca  Falls,  five  miles  distant,  and  also  for  patrol 
guard  at  the  village  of  Darnestown.  The  eight  weeks  passed 
here  were  of  great  benefit,  in  the  matter  of  drill,  both  officers 
and  men  becoming  very  proficient  in  the  tactics  frequently  of  so 
much  importance  on  the  field  of  battle.  The  four  months' 
wear  and  tear  showed  its  effects  on  the  tents,  many  of  which 
were  in  a  leaky  condition  and  unfit  for  service.  Diseases  were 
contracted  here  from  which  many  of  the  men  dated  the  begin 
ning  of  their  disability. 

While  the  regiment  was  engaged  in  drill  on  the  2ist,  orders 
came  to  dismiss  the  men  and  prepare  to  march  immediately. 
Shortly  after  knapsacks  had  been  packed  and  tents  struck  it 
grew  dark,  when  the  litter  of  the  camp  was  gathered  into  piles 
and  burned,  the  men  sitting  around  the  fires  and  speculating 
upon  the  cause  of  the  sudden  movement.  Stories  were  retold 
and  old  lies  swapped  over  again,  until  eight  o'clock,  when 
Lieutenant-Colonel  Hallick  gave  the  order,  "  Forward,  March  !" 
and  the  column  moved  to  the  tune,  "  Oh,  carry  me  back  to  old 
Virginny."  The  evening  was  clear,  the  weather  mild,  and  the 
roads  in  pfood  condition.  The  route  led  through  Dawson- 

o  £> 

ville,  a  short  distance  beyond  which  the  road  was  crossed  by 
a  creek  ;  there  was  no  bridge  other  than  a  log  spanning  the 
stream,  and  as  few  cared  to  walk  that  in  the  dark,  most  of  the 
men  waded  across.  Shortly  after  midnight  the  regiment 
passed  through  Poolesville,  and  upon  inquiring  of  a  guard,  who 
was  pacing  back  and  forth  in  front  of  a  house,  it  was  learned 
that  the  body  of  Colonel  E.  D.  Baker,  of  the  Seventy-first 
Pennsylvania,  but  better  known  as  the  First  California  regi 
ment,  lay  within,  and  that  he  had  been  killed  during  the  day 


76  THE    NINTH    NEW    YORK.  October 

at  Ball's  Bluff.  The  cause  of  the  hurried  night  march  was  now 
revealed.  Instinctively  the  men  quickened  their  steps,  anxious 
to  reach  the  scene  of  the  battle,  and  render  assistance  and 
succor  ere  it  should  be  too  late.  It  was  gathered  from  passi  ~g 
stragglers  of  Stone's  command — many  of  whom  were  half  naked, 
having  thrown  off  part  of  their  clothing  in  their  frantic 
endeavors  to  swim  across  the  river  on  their  retreat  from  the 
disastrous  battle — that  unless  help  was  at  hand  by  daylight,  all 
yet  remaining  on  the  Virginia  shore,  or  on  Harrison's  Island 
in  the  river,  would  be  either  killed  or  captured. 

Rain  began  to  fall  shortly  after  the  column  passed  through 
Poolesville  ;  but  the  rapid  march  was  continued.  As  the  river 
was  approached,  the  stragglers  from  the  defeated  comman-d 
increased  in  number  ;  men  by  twos,  tens  and  twenties,  many 
of  them  wounded,  were  streaming  towards  the  rear,  and  all 
telling  the  same  sad  story  of  disaster  and  defeat.  For  lack  of 
proper  conveyances  many  of  the  wounded  were  being  trans 
ported  in  the  common  baggage  wagons,  and  as  the  heavy 
cumberous  vehicles  jolted  over  the  rough  places  in  the  road, 
the  cries  and  groans  of  the  unfortunate  occupants  were  a  sad 
accompaniment  to  the  distressing  scene. 

On  arriving  at  Conrad's  Ferry,  the  canal  was  crossed, 
when  the  regiment  halted  and  the  men  were  ordered  to  load 
their  muskets  ;  the  inarch  was  continued  down  the  towpath, 
until  about  four  o'clock,  when  the  column  halted  after  a 
fatiguing  march  of  sixteen  miles.  With  nothing  more  than  a 
blanket  to  keep  the  rain  from  above  or  the  dampness  from 
below,  the  men  tried  to  snatch  a  few  minutes'  repose.  At 
nine  o'clock  they  were  aroused.  All  were  hungry  ;  no  rations 
had  been  carried  by  the  men,  and  the  wagons -had  not  arrived. 
Fortunately  a  few  boxes  of  abandoned  crackers  were  found 
and  divided  ;  at  noon  the  commissary  wagons  brought  a  full 
supply. 

From  those  who  had  been  engaged  in  the  unfortunate  affair 
of  the  day  before,  it  was  learned  that  Colonel  Baker,  under 
orders  from  General  Stone,  had  crossed  with  his  own  regi 
ment,— the  Fifteenth  and  Twentieth  Massachusetts,  and  the 


f 

1861  BATTLE    OF    BALL'S  BLUFF.  77 

Forty-second  "  Tammany  "  New  York  Regiment,  and  two  or 
three  pieces  of  artillery,  in  all  about  twenty-one  hundred  men; 
for  the  purpose  of  driving  the  enemy,  supposed  to  be  in  small 
force,  from  Leesburg,  and  holding  the  ground  so  taken  if 
practicable.  General  Stone,  meanwhile,  was  to  make  a 
demonstration  at  Edward's  Ferry,  a  short  distance  br-low,  with 
another  brigade,  and  cut  off  the  enemy's  retreat  in  that  direc 
tion.  About  one  o'clock  in  the  afternoon  of  the  2ist  the  battle 
began.  For  a  while  the  Union  troops  were  successful  in  hold 
ing  the  enemy,  who  appeared  in  large  force,  in  check,  but  they 
were  finally  compelled  to  fall  back,  which  they  did,  at  first, 
slowly  and  in  good  order.  The  death  of  Colonel  Baker  at 
this  juncture  precipitated  matters,  and  the  command  devolv 
ing  upon  Colonel  Milton  Cogswell,  of  the  Tammany  Regi 
ment,  he  ordered  a  retreat  to  the  river.  The  retreat  became 
a  rout.  Many  brave  men  formed  on  the  bluffs  near  the  river, 
and  for  a  short  time  held  the  enemy  at  bay,  but  they,  too, 
were  finally  obliged  to  abandon  the  hopeless  task  and  seek 
safety  in  flight.  The  bluffs  were  steep,  and  as  the  Union 
soldiers  jumped,  slipped,  or  fell  over,  they  plunged  into  the 
water,  hoping  at  least  to  gain  Harrison's  Island.  The  two  or 
three  boats  that  had  been  used  in  ferrying  them  over  had  been 
upset  or  otherwise  rendered  useless.  It  was  a  terrible  strug- 
<de  for  life.  Many  were  shot  while  in  the  water,  and  the 
wounded  drowned  in  the  swift  current.  The  killed,  wounded 
and  prisoners  amounted  to  the  appalling  number,  compared 
with  the  force  engaged,  of  one  thousand  and  fifty. 

On  hioh  eround,  half  a  mile  back  from  the  river,  on  the 

o         o 

Maryland  shore,  a  few  pieces  of  artillery  had  been  posted, 
commanding  Harrison's  Island  and  the  Virginia  shore  beyond. 
Upon  the  Island  were  still  many  of  the  men,  some  severely 
Avounded,  and  the  work  of  transferring  these  to  the  Maryland 
shore  was  slowly  progressing.  Somebody  had  blundered,  for 
there  was  an  utter  lack  of  the  proper  means  of  transportation. 
A  couple  of  scows  only,  capable  of  carrying  perhaps  thirty 
persons  each,  were  all  that  had  been  provided.  All  the  dead- 
save  the  bodies  of  Colonel  Baker  and  one  or  two  other 


78  THE    NINTH    NEW    YORK.  October 

officers — and  many  of  the  wounded  had  been  left  in  the  hands 
of  the  enemy,  who  retired,  during  the  night,  near  to  their 
intrenchments  in  the  vicinity  of  Leesburg. 

General  Banks  had  accompanied  his  men,  and  on  his 
arrival  assumed  command.  General  McClellan  had  tele 
graphed  that  the  position  on  the  Virginia  shore  and  Harrison's 
Island  should  be  maintained  at  all  hazards.  About  four 
thousand  men,  including  cavalry  and  artillery,  were  sent  over 
durincr  the  forenoon  of  the  22nd.  The  NINTH,  with  the  rest 

o 

of  the  brigade,  remained  on  the  Maryland  shore,  and  occupied 
the  river  bank,  sheltered  by  the  trees  and  shrubbery.  About 
two  o'clock  in  the  afternoon  the  order  to  fall-in  was  oriven,  and 

C> 

in  the  midst  of  a  heavy  rain-storm  the  brigade  started,  halting, 
after  a  march  of  four  miles,  in  bivouac  for  the  night. 

At  three  o'clock  on  the  morning  of  the  23rd,  the  drums 
beat  the  reveille  and  after  the  men  had  swallowed  their  coffee, 
line  was  formed  and  the  column  headed  for  Edwards  Ferry, 
near  which  a  halt  was  ordered  and  Camp  Tuthill,  in  honor  of 
the  Captain  of  Company  H,  was  established.  The  land 
belonged  to  an  officer  in  the  Confederate  service,  and  as  there 
was  a  good  supply  of  the  necessary  article  in  the  fields,  the 
men  liberally  supplied  their  wants  and  enjoyed  the  luxury  of 
repose  upon  beds  of  clean,  sweet  straw.  From  a  hill  close  by 
the  camp,  the  Virginia  shore  was  plainly  seen,  and  when  the 
sound  of  artillery  and  musketry  was  heard  during  the  fore 
noon,  the  men  went  to  that  point  and  witnessed  a  portion  of 
Stone's  division  driving  the  enemy  back  into  the  country.. 
Night  closed  without  the  NINTH  being  called  into  line. 

Nothing  of  importance  occurred  on  the  24th  until  just 
before  "  taps,"  when  the  long  roll  was  beaten  and  the  men 
hurried  into  line.  Colonel  Stiles,  who  had  been  absent  from 
the  regiment  during  the  march  to  Conrad's  Ferry,  addressed 
the  regiment,  expressing  his  regret  at  not  being  present  at  that 
time  ;  he  also  cautioned  the  men  to  keep  cool  and  not  get 
excited,  in  case  they  were  called  into  action,  and  enjoined 
upon  both  officers  and  men  to  strictly  obey  such  orders  as 
might  be  given  them.  The  regiment  remained  in  line  for 


1 86 1  MUDDY    BRANCH.  79 

some  time  and  was  finally  dismissed,  but  the  men  were  cau 
tioned  to  sleep  on  their  arms,  and  be  ready  to  jump  at  a 
moment's  notice. 

Daylight  of  the  25th  revealed  the  fact  that  the  Union 
troops  which  had  been  operating  on  the  Virginian  shore  had 
all  returned  to  Maryland. 

On  this  day,  too,  the  detail  which  had  remained  at  Camp 
Cameron,  as  a  guard,  when  the  regiment  left  there  in  June, 
reported  at  headquarters,  Camp  Cameron  having-  been  aban 
doned  as  a  military  post. 

The  reverse  at  Ball's  Bluff,  although  an  insignificant  affair 
of  the  war,  was  productive  of  serious  consequences  to  the 
plans  of  General  McClellan.  The  movement  had  been  origin 
ally  ordered  in  connection  with  the  advance  of  the  left  wing 
of  the  Army  of  the  Potomac,  a  portion  of  which  had  occupied 
Fairfax  Court  House,  but  the  unexpected  defeat,  and  the 
strength  and  ability  displayed  by  the  enemy,  caused  him  to 
countermand  it.  Several  of  the  advanced  posts  were  aban 
doned,  while  all  the  troops  that  had  crossed  the  river  above 
the  Chain  Bridge  were  withdrawn  to  the  Maryland  side. 

At  eight  o'clock  in  the  morning  of  the  26th,  the  NINTH 
bade  farewell  to  Camp  Tuthill  and  marched  in  the  direction  of 
Poolesville,  thence  towards  Seneca  Creek,  going  into  bivouac 
near  the  stream  at  half-past  two  in  the  afternoon,  after  a  march 
of  eleven  miles.  Rabbits  were  found  to  be  plenty  ;  during  the 
afternoon  many  were  captured  and  formed  a  pleasing  variety 
to  the  bill  of  fare. 

The  next  day  was  Sunday.  At  eight  o'clock  the  regiment 
was  again  in  line,  and  after  passing  through  Dawsonville, 
marched  towards  Muddy  Branch  Creek,  upon  the  banks  of 
which  Camp  Prescott,  in  honor  of  the  Captain  of  Company  C, 
was  established.  The  ground  was  low  and  swampy,  besides 
being  covered  with  a  thick  growth  of  underbrush  ;  the  men 
worked  hard  to  render  the  place  habitable,  but  their  labors 
were  in  vain.  The  drinking  water  was  unfit  for  use — was  even 
said  to  be  poisonous — and  it  was  hoped  a  move  would  at  once 
be  made  to  a  more  eligible  site. 


8O  THE    NINTH    NEW    YORK.  October 

On  the  29th,  Company  I,  that  had  been  on  duty  at  General 
Banks'  headquarters  since  September  i4th,  returned  to  the 
command. 

At  dress-parade,  in  the  evening,  a  stand  of  colors,  sent  to 
the  regiment  by  the  Common  Council  of  the  City  of  New 
York,  were  formally  presented  and  were  received  by  Colonel 
Stiles,  who  responded  on  behalf  of  the  NINTH.  The  flags  had 
been  brought  from  New  York  by  Lieutenant  Wickham,  who 
reached  the  regiment  on  the  24th,  accompanied  also  by  about 
one  hundred  recruits. 

At  his  own  request,  General  Scott  was  retired  late  in  the 
month  of  October,  and  on  the  ist  of  November,  President 
Lincoln  appointed  McClellan  General-in-Chief.  From 
McClellan's  Oiun  Story,  page  200,  we  quote  : 

On  Nov.  i,  1 86 1,  the  following  letter  was  received  from 
the  President. 

Private.  EXECUTIVE  MANSION, 

Nov.  ist,  1 86 1. 
Maj.-Gen.  GEO.  B.  McCLELLAN  : 

My  Dear  Sir  :  Lieut.-Gen.  Scott  having  been,  upon  his  own  application,  placed  on 
the  list  of  retired  officers,  with  his  advice,  and  the  concurrence  of  the  entire  Cabinet,  I 
have  designated  you  to  command  the  whole  army.  You  will,  therefore,  assume  this 
enlarged  duty  at  once,  conferring  with  me  so  far  as  necessary. 

Yours  truly, 

A.  LINCOLN. 
P.  S. — For  the  present  let  Gen.  Wool's  command  be  excepted. 

A.  L. 

McClellan  decided  to  suspend  further  operations  in  the 
field,  until  the  troops,  through  drill  and  discipline,  were  bet 
ter  fitted  to  perform  the  important  work  in  store  for  them. 

Notwithstanding  the  oft-repeated  reports  to  headquarters 
respecting  the  unhealthy  location  of  the  camp,  which  were 
daily  corroborated  by  the  increased  list  of  sick,  the  beginning 
of  November  found  the  NINTH  still  in  that  miserable  place.  A 
grave  mistake  had  been  made  in  its  selection,  and  the  disorders 
suffered  by  the  men  were  plainly  traceable  to  the  impure  water 
and  the  malarial  condition  of  the  locality.  The  name  of  the 
stream,  Muddy  Branch,  was  enough  to  condemn  it,  and  it  did 
not  belie  the  term.  Unless,  because  of  some  pressing  military 


1861  CAMP     PRESCOTT.  8 1 

necessity  no  troops  should  have  been  kept  there,  even  over 
night,  but  to  such  bad  judgment  many  a  veteran  now  owes  the 
aches  and  pains,  and  broken  constitution,  which  he  will  carry  to 
his  grave.  Murmurs  of  discontent  were  heard  among  the  men. 
Had  the  regiment  been  composed  of  mercenary  soldiers  no 
doubt  a  mutiny  would  have  broken  out,  and  the  performance 
of  further  military  duty  refused  until  a  change  of  camp  had 
been  effected.  Finally,  Surgeon  Nordquist  appealed  directly 
to  General  Branks,  when  authority  was  given  to  move,  the 
chancre  bein<>f  made  on  the  sth. 

o  *>  *-* 

The  regiment  moved  less  than  a  mile  away  from  Muddy 
Branch,  and  re-established  Camp  Rrescott  in  a  clear  open  field, 
near  which  there  was  an  abundance  of  good  water.  The 
change  was  productive  of  great  good  to  the  men  ;  most  of  the 
sick  rapidly  recovering,  although  a  few  no  doubt  were  perma 
nently  disabled.  By  the  2oth  the  weather  had  changed  ;  much 
rain  had  fallen  ;  the  roads  were  bad ;  it  began  to  look  as 
though  there  would  be  no  more  active  campaigning  that  sea 
son,  and  that  the  army  would  likely  go  into  winter  quarters. 
During  the  day,  however,  the  regiment  moved,  marching1  about 

o  J  ^>  o 

four  miles  in  the  direction  of  Darnestown,  where  the  third 
Camp  Prescott  was  established. 

Shortly  after  the  tents  had  been  pitched,  and  while  he  was 
lying  clown  to  rest,  Private  Emile  S.  Ferrero,  of  Company  A, 
was  severely  wounded  in  the  leg  by  the  accidental  discharge 
of  a  musket  in  the  hands  of  a  careless  comrade.  A  wound  re 
ceived  in  this  manner  was  peculiarly  aggravating;  a  good  sol 
dier  is  always  ready,  if  not  willing,  to  run  his  chances  of  being 
wounded  in  battle,  with  the  enemy,  but  when  disabled  through 
the  carelessness  of  a  comrade,  the  attending  pain  and  suffering 
seems  increased.  In  this  case  the  wound  resulted  in  the  per 
manent  disability  of  the  unfortunate  man,  and  after  partial  re 
covery  he  was  discharged  from  the  service. 

On  the  23rd  General  McClellan,  in  special  orders,  No.  154, 
ordered  the  "Sixth  New  York  Independent  Battery"  to  re 
port  to  Brigadier-General  Joseph  Hooker,  at  Camp  Baker, 
Lower  Potomac.  Up  to  this  time  the  battery  had  been  serving; 


82  THE    NINTH    NEW    YORK.  November 

either  under  General  Banks  or  Stone,  and  had  taken  part  in 
several  important  movements.  On  the  i6th  of  October  it  had 
accompanied  Colonel  Geary,  of  the  Twenty-eight  Pennsyl 
vania,  on  a  reconnoissance  to  Harper's  Ferry,  and  was  honor 
ably  mentioned  in  his  report  .  At  the  disastrous  battle  at 
Ball's  Bluff,  Lieutenant  Bramhall,  while  unable  to  get  his  own 
guns  up  the  steep  bluff,  worked  one  or  two  smaller  pieces 
belonging  to  another  battery,  and  (receiving  several  wounds) 
that  gallant  officer  rendered  such  efficient  service  that  he  was 
mentioned  in  the  reports.  After  doing  duty  on  the  Lower  Po 
tomac  during  the  winter  and  following  spring,  the  battery  ac 
companied  the  Army  of  the,  Potomac  to  the  Peninsula,  and  fol 
lowed  the  fortunes  of  that  command  until  mustered  out  of  the 
service. 

The  first  snow  of  the  season  fell  on  Sunday,  the  24th.  The 
event,  though  productive  of  much  discomfort,  caused  some  little 
satisfaction,  because  it  was  something  new  to  talk  about;  the 
men  were  growing  restless  and  uneasy  by  reason  of  their  very 
mild  kind  of  soldier  life,  and  anything  new  or  out  of  the  usual 
order  served  to  while  away  the  time.  Though  the  men  of  the 
NINTH  had  all  cheerfully  taken  the  oath  to  serve  during  the 
war,  none  at  that  time  believed  that  their  services  would  be 
required  longer  than  from  six  to  twelve  months.  The  result  of 
the  battle  of  Bull  Run,  however,  dispelled  that  illusion.  Still, 
it  seemed  strange  that  the  summer  and  fall  should  pass  with 
out  their  engaging  in  a  battle;  that  all  the  "  active"  service 
they  were  to  perform  should  consist  of  marching  and  counter 
marching.  Little  does  the  rank  and  file  of  an  army  know  how 
much  a  brief  waiting  may  sometimes  accomplish,  in  the  compli 
cated  strategy  of  a  campaign. 

Thursday,  the  28th,  was  the  first  regular  Thanksgiving  sea 
son  that  the  members  of  the  NINTH  had  spent  away  from  their 
homes.  Pork  and  beans,  crackers  and  coffee,  repeated  every 
day,  had  made  that  bill  of  fare  somewhat  monotonous,  but  as 
the  men  seldom  eat  these  government  rations  without  plenty 
of  seasoning  in  the  form  of  hungry  stomachs,  this  fare  always 
tasted  good.  So  it  did  on  this  Thanksgiving,  and  although 


l86l  THE    MARCH    TO    WINTER    QUARTERS.  8^ 

the  men  all  hankered  after  "a  good  square  meal  "of  something" 
better,  the  "  rations,"  were  disposed  of  without  much  grum 
bling. 

Captain  Henry  C.  Smith,  of  Company  E,  resigned  on  the 
3Oth.  He  began  his  military  career  as  a  member  of  the  Second 
regiment,  July  4th,  1848,  was  made  First  Lieutenant  of 
Company  D  in  1849,  and  Adjutant  of  the  regiment  in  1850. 
On  May  i  ith,  1852,  he  was  commissioned  Captain  of  Company 
F,  Seventy-First  regiment,  and  on  April  27th,  1861,  Captain  in 
the  NINTH. 

At  eleven  o'clock  on  the  morning  of  the  2nd  of  December 
Camp  Prescott  was  abandoned,  and  the  NINTH  marched  to 
join  the  division,  then  being  distributed  in  winter  quarters  in 
the  vicinity  of  Frederick  City.  A  pioneer  force  went  in 
advance  to  pat  the  bridges  in  a  passable  condition.  The  roads 
were  partly  frozen,  and  as  men,  horses  and  wagons  broke 
through  the  crust,  the  march  was  a  very  tiresome  one.  Towards 
evening  the  regiment  bivouacked  in  a  field  by  the  roadside  near 
the  village  of  Barnesville.  The  march  was  resumed  at  eight 
o'clock  the  following  morning,  and  soon  after  passing  Barnes 
ville,  Sugar  Loaf  Mountain  was  observed,  upon  the  summit  of 
which  the  Signal  Corps  had  been  established.  The  march  was 
continued  through  Buckevstown,  and  to  within  two  miles  of 

o  f 

Frederick  City , when,  late  in  the  afternoon,  after  the  day's  march 
of  about  sixteen  miles,  a  halt  was  ordered  and  the  tents  pitched 
in  a  piece  of  woods.  At  two  o'clock  on  the  afternoon  of  the 
4th  line  was  again  formed,  the  Monocacy  River  crossed,  and,, 
marching  to  within  a  couple  of  miles  of  Ijamsville,  camp  was 
located  in  the  woods  on  Hoffman's  farm,  about  five  miles  dis 
tant  from  Frederick  City. 

LETTERS : 

Darncstown,  Md.,  Sept.  iind,  1861. 
This  is  Sunday,  and  as  cold  as  winter.     Received  yours  yesterday.     The 


gave  me  the  new  shirt.  I'm  very  proud  of  it.  We  think  we  will  be  ordered  into 
winter  quarters  soon,  and  hope  it  will  be  in  Haltimore.  We  are  expecting  a  fight 
every  day,  and  are  both  ready  and  anxious  for  it.  *  *  *  As  our  rations  are  bacon 
and  biscuit,  we  spend  all  our  money  for  extras  on  the  march.  If  we  get  a  loaf  of 
bread  it's  twenty-five  cents,  and  everything  in  proportion.  *  *  *  The  Twenty-ninth 


84  THE    NINTH    NEW    YORK.  December 

Pennsylvania  are  in  the  next  field  and  are  a  little  jealous  that  we  receive  the  most 
attention  (at  dress-parade).  We  expect  a  new  company  to-day — L.  *  *  *  I  am 
nearly  well  of  my  rheumatism  and  quite  fleshy,  but  a  few  days  since,  while  practicing-, 
loading  and  firing  by  companies,  the  man  on  my  right  slammed  his  gun  down  on  my 
foot,  smashing  two  of  my  toes,  so  I  am  quite  lame.  *  *  *  Doctor  says  I'll  have  my 
head  knocked  off  yet.  *  *  *  The  rebel  troops  are  supposed  to  amount  to  near 
300,000,  while  we  have  about  400,000,  and  when  we  meet  there  will  be  fierce  work. 
*  *  *  There  is  no  liquor  to  be  got  here  except  ordered  by  surgeon.  Just  had  dinner — 
beef  soup,  not  like  you  make — mere  slops.  Good-bye  now.  Write  soon. 

Oct.  \f)th,  1 86 1. 

Being  rainy  am  excused  from  drill,  and  as  our  company  is  on  duty  to-morrow,  I 
will  write  what  I  can  to-day,  and  thank  you  all  for  the  box  I  received.  I  think,  from 
the  variety  it  contained,  you  must  all  have  had  a  hand  in  it.  Everything  acceptable, 
as  you'd  have  thought  if  you  had  seen  our  mess  pitch  into  the  good  things.  E.  B. 
has  got  a  commission  in  some  other  regiment  as  lieutenant.  We  are  very  tired  of 
doing  nothing,  and  would  be  glad  for  an  order  to  march  into  Virginia. 

Camp  Prescott,  Muddy  Branch,  Oct.  y>th,  1861. 

*  *  *  Was  on  guard  last  night,  and  it  was  the  worst  I  ever  saw  ;  very  dark,  and 
the  brush  so  thick  you  could  not  see  a  man  till  close  to  him.     The  water  is  very  bad. 
We  drink  from  same  brook  the  horses  do,  and  wash  ourselves  and  clothes  in  it  too. 
The  drums  are  beating  for  dinner — we  call  it  "  roast  beef."     I  don't  know  what  we 
are  to  have,  but  am  willing  to  bet  my  commission  against  the  St.  Nicholas  (I  expect 
the  one  as  soon  as  you  get  the  other)  that  it  is  bean  soup  and,  as  I'm  awful  hungry, 
will  go  see.     It  was  bean  soup  and  hard-tack.     *  *  *  I  had  to  throw  away  part  of  my 
clothes   to    lighten  my  knapsack,  on  our  last  march  to  Edward's  Ferry,  but    saved 
enough  for  the  present. 

Muddy  Branch,  Nov.  6th,  1861. 

Yours  just  received.  Very  happy  to  get  it.  It  has  rained  two  days,  and  is  very 
cold.  We  have  moved  camp  out  of  the  woods  to  an  open  field  close  by,  to  save  the 
few  that  were  well.  We  are  a  little  more  comfortable,  as  the'  sun  reaches  the  tents 
now,  and  dries  them  a  little.  Our  tents  are  two  inches  deep  with  mud  ;  we  gather 
cedar  boughs  and  spread  on  the  floor,  but  still  the  dampness  strikes  through.  Over 
400  men  of  our  regiment  reported  sick  yesterday  and  to-day,  from  the  damp  and  bad 
water.  We  can't  blame  General  Banks;  we  hold  a  very  responsible  position,  and  must 
stay  until  the  rebels  vacate  opposite,  where  they  are  in  large  numbers.  They  seem 
well  contented  over  there,  and  I  imagine  are  laughing  at  us.  If  they  move,  we  move, 
as  we  must  not  let  them  cross  (the  Potomac),  but  if  we  get  a  chance,  over  we  go.  I 
hope  if  we  are  ordered  over  they  won't  send  a  few  at  a  time,  to  be  shot  off  as  in  Colo 
nel  Baker's  case,  but  send  the  whole  division,  then  we  will  stand  a  chance.  *  *  *  We 
received  McClellan's  appointment  as  Commander  (General)  in  Chief  of  our  army  with 
delight,  and  made  the  country  ring  with  cheers,  believing  him  to  be  the  man  for  the 
times.  We've  had  enough  of  old  fogyism,  and  don't  believe  in  trying  to  starve  them 
out  ;  we  want  them  whipped,  and  came  for  that  purpose,  and  won't  be  satisfied  until 
they — or  we — are  whipped. 

*  *  *  I  will  tell  you  about  our  mess  ;  it  may  interest  you.     We  are  fourteen  in 
family — not  the  happy  family — but  a  lively  set  of  fellows.     We  have  just  finished  sup 
per,  and  lighted  candles.     No.  i  is  handsome  Johnny  B ,  the  pet  of  the   mess, 


1861  TAKE    YOUR   CHOICE.  85 

evidently  thinking  of  home,  as  he  says  nothing  ;  No.  2  needs  no  description,  as  it  is  your 

loving  brother  ;  No.  3  is  N.  L.  W ,  reading  a  magazine  ;  No.  4  is  Sam  F ,  who 

called  to  see  you  for  me ;  No.  5,  Sergeant  G ,  out  promenading  in  the  mud  ;  No.  6, 

Archy  P ,  teasing  W ;  No.  7,  R.  S ,  reading  ;  No.  8,  Matt.  S ,  repairing 

his  wardrobe  ;  No.  9,  is  my  old  friend  George  T ,  reading  your  last  letter ;  we  are 

like   brothers,  and  keep  together  on  all  marches  and  in  camp.     No.  10  is  William 

S ,  he  is  eighteen  years  old,  is  six  feet  two  inches  tall,  and  weighs  no  pounds. 

You  can  imagine  his  style.     No.    n.Snm   15 ,  whom  we  call  noisy;   No.   12   is 

Joshua  H ,  who  is  getting  ready  to  retire,  by  scraping  the  mud  from  his  place  on 

to  some  other  person's  place — very  accommodating.     Nos.  13  and  14  are  away  sick. 
Ask  K which  of  the  men  she  prefers.     I'll  see  she  gets  him,  if  the  rebels  don't. 


S6  THE    NINTH    NEW    YORK.  December 


CHAPTER  V. 

CAMP  CLAASSEN,  WINTER  QUARTERS. 

Frederick  City,  Mel. — "  French  Leave." — Court-Martial. — Log  Huts. — Deaths  in 
Camp. — Resolutions  of  Sympathy. — Brigade  Reviewed.— A  Military  Execution. — 
Christmas  Festivities. — Bright  Muskets. — New  Year's  Day,  1862, — Officers  visit 
Frederick. — Visit  of  ex-Adjutant  Coppinger. — Death  of  Lieutenant  Colonel  Hal- 
lick. — Mud  and  Slush. — Field  Officers  Appointed  by  the  Governor. — The  "  Eighty- 
third  New  York  Volunteers." — Dissatisfaction. — The  Lament  of  the  Involuntary 
Volunteer. — Western  Gun-Boat  Service. — A  Challenge  to  Mortal  Combat  De 
clined. — Petition  for  Transfer  to  the  Heavy  Artillery. — Washington's  Birthday. — 
Orders  to  Move.— Letters. 

T7REDERICK  CITY  the  capital  of  Frederick  County,  was 
selected  as  the  headquarters  of  the  Department  of  the 
Shenandoah,  General  Banks  occupying  the  residence  of  Gen 
eral  Bradley  T.  Johnson,  who  was  then  in  the  Confederate 
Army. 

Frederick  wore  the  appearance  of  having  been  a  very  pros 
perous  city,  but  at  this  time  many  of  the  business  places  and 
some  of  the  finer  private  residences  were  closed,  while  some 
were  occupied  for  military  purposes.  The  majority  of  the 
inhabitants  were  loyal,  many  of  them  testifying  in  frequent 
visits  to  the  army  hospitals,  and  by  care  for  the  sick,  their 
hearty  sympathy  for  the  Union  Cause. 

The  camp,  which  was  named  in  honor  of  the  Captain  of 
Company  I,  was  situated  on  the  gentle  slope  of  a  hillside  on 
what  was  known  as  Hoffman's  farm  ;  the  field  was  surrounded 
on  three  sides  by  woods,  principally  of  pine,  while  the  fourth 
was  open  ;  water  was  abundant  and  of  good  quality.  On  the 
very  day  the  regiment  arrived  many  of  the  men  took — in  camp 
parlance — "  French  Leave,"  /.  e.,  absented  themselves  without 
permission,  in  consequence  of  which,  on  the  5th,  orders  were 
issued  to  the  effect  that  all  such  delinquents  would  be  court- 
martialed.  By  the  following  day  a  sufficient  number  had  been 
apprehended,  and  the  court  proceeded  to  make  an  example  of 


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1861  CAMP    CLAASSEN.  87 

them  ;  non-commissioned  officers  were  reduced  to  the  ranks, 
while  the  privates  were  sentenced  to  perform  from  two  weeks' 
to  a  month's  fatigue  duty. 

The  clay  after  the  arrival  in  camp  the  men  began  to  build 
log  huts,  some  completing  them  with  roofs  of  shingles,  while 
others  merely  built  the  walls  of  logs  and  stretched  the  tents  on 
top  for  a  covering.  The  spaces  between  the  logs  were  daubed 
with  clay,  boards  formed  a  Mooring,  and  sheet-iron  stoves, 
purchased  at  Frederick,  were  used  to  heat  the  huts  ;  altogether 
the  quarters  were  very  comfortable  indeed.  The  style  of 
architecture  was  almost  as  varied  as  the  number  of  shanties, 
giving  to  the  whole  a  somewhat  odd  appearance.  Daily,  three 
men  from  each  company  were  allowed  passes  to  leave  camp, 
and  as  the  majority  preferred  to  visit  Frederick,  a  citizen  of 
that  place  established  a  line  of  stages  making  two  rouad  trips 
every  day,  and  did  a  thriving  business.  A  Mr.  Beatty,  a 
Union  refugee  from  Virginia,  received  permission  to  compete 
with  the  sutler  in  the  sale  of  luxuries,  using  for  that  purpose  a 
large  covered  wagon,  which,  from  its  supposed  resemblance  to 
that  ancient  harbor  of  refuge,  was  called  "  The  Ark."  A 
photographer  soon  opened  a  "gallery"  near  the  camp;  an 
oyster  peddler,  too,  made  regular  visits,  and  between  these 
enterprising  venders  the  men's  cash  was  divided,  which,  after 
exhausting,  they  would  give  sutler  Edward  Ralph  a  call  and 
purchase  articles  on  credit.  A  camp  hospital  was  established 
in  the  house  of  a  colored  family  near  by,  who  gratuitously  gave 
up  for  that  purpose  the  second  story  of  their  dwelling. 

On  the  9th,  Sergeant  Francis  G.  Aims  of  Company  D 
died,  and  on  the  following  day  the  remains  were  escorted  to 
Frederick  Junction,  where  they  were  placed  on  the  cars  in 
charge  of  Sergeant  Ralph  A.  Lanning,  who  accompanied  them 
to  New  York. 

The  company,  to  show  their  appreciation  of  his  merits  as  a 
soldier  and  comrade,  and.  their  sympathy  with,  and  for  the 
family  of  Sergeant  Aims,  at  a  subsequent  meeting  adopted  the 
following  resolutions  : 


THE    NINTH    NEW    YORK.  December 

HEADQUARTERS,   NINTH  REGIMENT,   N.  Y.  S.   MILITIA, 
Near  Frederick  Junction,  Md.,  Dec.  i6th,  1861. 

The  committee  appointed  at  a  special  meeting  held  this  day 
of  Co.  D.,  NINTH  Regiment  N.  Y.  S.  M.,  to  draft  suitable 
resolutions,  on  the  death  of  their  late  comrade,  Francis  G. 
Aims,  report  as  follows  : 

Whereas,  Death  has  suddenly  removed  from  our  midst  our 
beloved  friend  and  comrade,  Sergeant  Francis  G.  Aims  ;  and, 

Whereas,  We  deem  some  expression  of  our  feelings  of 
sorrow  and  regret  to  be  befitting  the  sad  and  sorrowful 
occasion  ;  therefore  be  it 

Resolved,  That  while  deeply  lamenting  the  loss  of  our 
brother  in  arms,  struck  down  upon  the  very  threshold  of  man 
hood,  with  all  the  joyous  aspirations  of  youth  to  a  long  and 
glorious  career,  we  yet  see  in  this  sad  dispensation  the  hand  of 
God,  that  doeth  all  things  well,  and  in  our  blindness  and  ignor 
ance  of  His  higher  purpose,  bow  in  silence  before  the  decree  of 
Him,  that  seeth  not  with  our  eyes  and  judgeth  not  with  our 
understanding. 

Resolved,  That  we  tender  expressions  of  our  heartiest  sym 
pathy  and  condolence,  to  the  afflicted  family  and  friends  of  the 
deceased,  grieving  with  them  in  their  bereavement  of  one  who 
had  borne  us  cheerful  company  through  many  months  of  hard 
ships  and  privations,  and  who,  from  his  unvarying  gentleness 
and  kindness,  had  endeared  himself  to  all  by  every  tie  of 
friendship  and  affection.  We  would  comfort  them  with  the 
thought  that  he  died  nobly  in  the  defense  of  his  country,  un 
flinching  in  the  discharge  of  his  duty,  and  faithful  to  the  last ; 
that  he  laid  himself  down  to  rest  with  the  halo  of  the  patriot 
shining  round  his  youthful  brow,  free  from  every  selfish  and 
debasing  thought,  and  uncontaminated  by  the  vices  of  the 

O  O  <f 

world. 

Resolved,  That  in  this  sad  dispensation,  we  see,  each  and  all, 
much  to  improve  our  own  welfare,  taking  his  example  who  has 
gone  from  us,  to  tread  more  steadfastly  in  the  path  of  rectitude 
and  honor,  to  uphold  more  manfully  the  standard  of  fealty  and 


i86l  DEATHS    IN"    CAMP.  89 

truth   against  rebellion  and  wrong,   finally,  when  the  hour  of 
trial  shall  come,  to  be  found  like  him  ready  and  prepared  to 
render  a  faithful  account  of  the  trust  committed  to  our  charge. 
Sergeant  WILLIAM  A.  RICE,  j 
Corporal    WILLIAM   CHAVE,  ,-  Committee. 
Private  EDWARD  T.  FISHER,  ) 

IN  CAMP  NEAR  FREDERICK  JUNCTION,  MD. 
Company  D,  NINTH  Regiment,  N.   Y.  S.  M. 
At  an  adjourned  meeting  of  Company  D,  held  this  day,  the 
above  resolutions  were  unanimously  adopted,  and  ordered  that 
a  copy  of  the  same  be  sent  to  the  family  of  the  deceased,  and 
also  that  the  same  be  published  in  the  "  Christian  Advocate," 
"  Sunday  Mercury"  and  "  N.  Y.  Leader." 

E.  R.  GREENE,  Captain  ComcCg., 

Company  D,  qth.  Regt.,  N.   Y.  S.  M. 
Corporal  ASA  W.  TAYLOR,  Secretary. 

On  the  loth,  also,  Isaac  Howell  of  Company  E  died;  his  re 
mains  were  sent  home,  and  on  the  23d  interred  in  New  York 
Bay  Cemetery,  Hudson  County,  N.  J. 

On  the  morning  of  the  i2th  the  NINTH,  with  the  Second 
Bn'o-acle  of  the  division  of  General  Banks,  marched  to  grounds 

o  o 

near  Frederick,  where  it  was  inspected  and  reviewed.  The  trip 
was  a  pleasant  one,  the  people  along  the  line  of  march  greeting 
the  men  kindly.  The  brigade  returned  at  seven  o'clock  in  the 
evening,  well  pleased  with  the  day's  outing.  On  the  i  7th  a 
flag-staff,  about  forty  feet  in  height,  was  raised,  upon  which  a 
garrison  flag  was  displayed  and  the  quarters  officially  designa 
ted  Camp  Claassen. 

On  the  23d  occurred  the  first  military  execution  witnessed 
by  the  NINTH.  A  soldier  of  the  Forty-sixth  Pennsylvania 
was  hung  for  the  assassination  of  Major  Lewis  of  that  regi 
ment,  and  about  three  thousand  troops  witnessed  the  solemn 
scene  at  a  place  two  miles  from  camp. 

The  night  before  Christmas  snow  had  fallen,  but  as  the  day 
advanced  the  sun  shone  brightly,  and  the  usual  discipline  being- 


90  THE    NINTH    NEW    YORK.  December 

somewhat  relaxed,  the  men  found  various  ways  in  which  to 
pass  the  time  agreeably.  Among  the  amusements  was  a 
horse  race  between  Assistant  Surgeon  Pinkney's  and  Sutler 
"  Ralph's  "  steeds,  ridden  by  Andrew  F.  Tallman  and  John 
Brigham  of  Company  F,  the  former  crossing  the  line  first  ;  a 
sack  race,  William  Wilson  of  Company  F  being  the  winner, 
and  a  foot  race  in  which  Lester  Lewis  of  Company  I  was  the 
victor.  Many  of  the  messes  had  their  dinners  prepared  by  the 
neighboring  farmers,  and  though  the  menu  was  not  elaborate, 
there  was  plenty  to  eat  and  the  modest  banquets  were  heartily 
enjoyed. 

As  a  clamper  on  the  festivities,  the  members  of  Company  D 
were  again  called  upon  to  mourn  the  loss  by  death  of  another 
of  their  number,  Private  Leonard  Rodg-ers.  The  next  day  the 

O  J 

company  formed  upon  the  drill  ground,  where  Chaplain 
Phillips  delivered  the  funeral  address,  after  which  an  ambu 
lance,  containing  the  remains,  accompanied  by  a  sister  of  the 
deceased,  proceeded  to  the  Junction  ;  from  there  Private  Sam 
uel  McNally  of  Company  D  continued  as  an  escort  to  New- 
York.  The  garrison  flag  was  for  the  day  placed  at  half  mast. 
On  the  23th  William  Miller  of  Company  H  died  at  Frederick 
City  Hospital,  a  detail  from  his  company  being  sent  to  escort 
his  remains  to  the  railroad  station,  and  from  thence  William 
O'Brien  of  the  company  accompanied  them  to  New  York.  Ser 
geant  James  Denin,  of  Company  H,  also  left  camp  for  Alex 
andria,  Va.,  to  escort  home  the  remains  of  John  Caffrey,  who 
had  died  at  the  general  hospital  there. 

At  dress-parade,  on  the  3Oth,  it  was  announced  that  Major 
Atterbury  would  give  three  prizes,  of  ten,  five,  and  three  dol 
lars,  to  the  three  men  of  the  regiment  showing  the  cleanest 

o  «  ' 

muskets  at  inspection  on  the  following  clay.  The  men  went  to 
work  at  once  to  compete  for  the  honors.  When  the  time 
came  it  showed  a  brighter  looking  and  cleaner  lot  of  muskets 

O  O 

and  accoutrements  than  were  ever  seen  in  the  regiment  before. 
Never,  either,  had  there  been  an  inspection  so  thorough.  Col 
onel  Stiles  and  Captain  Claassen  were  the  judges,  and  awarded 
the  first  prize  to— Privates — David  P.  Smith,  the  second  to 


1862  A    JOLLY    GOOD    TIME.  9! 

Andrew  Mercer,  and  the  third  to  Silas  J.  Beckwith.     The  cere 
mony  was  a  fitting  an  1  pleasing  close  to  the  old  year. 

The  January  thaw  had  set  in  early,  for  on  New  Year's  Day 
of  1862  the  weather  was  warm  and  the  camp  very  muddy;  the 
sun,  however,  shone  brightly,  the  men  were  in  a  cheerful  mood 
and  endeavored  to  forget,  in  the  enjoyments  of  the  day,  their 
absence  from  home — some  nearly  succeeded.  Boxes  contain 
ing  delicacies  had  been  sent  many  of  the  men  by  their  friends 
in  New  York,  and  fortunately  arriving  in  time,  the  contents 
were  displayed  upon  extemporized  tables  placed  in  the  company 
streets;  "  calls  "  were  made,  and  despite  the  absence  of  the 
smiling  faces  of  lady  attendants — which  were  sadly  missed— 
the  men  seemed  to  get  a  good  deal  of  enjoyment.  Games  of 
ball,  quoits,  and  other  amusements  were  indulged  in.  Dress- 
parade  was  held  at  the  usual  hour,  but  many  of  the  officers  and 
men  were  conspicuous  by  their  absence,  and,  it  was  said,  Fred 
erick  City  reaped  whatever  advantage  their  presence  gave, 
while  they  were  away  from  camp. 

On  the  3d  the  officers,  accompanied  by  the  band,  went  to 
Frederick  to  pay  their  respects  to  Vice-President  Hannibal 
Hamlin,  General  William  S.  Rosecrans  and  others,  in  whose 
behalf  an  entertainment  had  been  prepared.  When  the  delega 
tion  from  the  NINTH  returned  to  camp  late  at  night,  they  looked 
and  acted  as  though  they  had  had  a  jolly  good  time,  and  were 
still  keeping  it  up. 

On  Sunday,  the  5th,  orders,  afterwards  countermanded,  were 
received  directing  the  regiment  to  prepare  two  days'  cooked 
rations,  and  be  ready  to  move  at  a  moment's  notice.  Rumor 
.had  it  that  the  destination  was  the  northern  boundary  of  the 
State  of  New  York,  in  the  anticipation  of  trouble  with  Great 
Britain,  in  consequence  of  the  Trent-Mason-Slidell  affair,  and 
which  would  naturally  call  for  troops  to  be  sent  upon  the  Can 
ada  line. 

On  the  6th,  ex-Adjutant  John  B.  Coppinger,  who,  as  has  been 
stated,  was  a  general  favorite  in  the  regiment,  visited  the  camp. 
After  dress-parade  had  been  dismissed,  Sergeant  Charles  S. 
Strong  of  Company  F,  on  behalf  of  the  regiment,  presented 


92  THE    NINTH    NEW    YORK.  January 

him  with  a  handsome  sword  and  sash,  as  a  testimonial  of  his 
worth,  and  the  esteem  in  whirh  he  was  held  by  the  members. 
Sir  John  "Coppinger-Murray"  responded  in  appropriate  terms, 
and  during  his  short  speech  was  almost  overcome  by  his  feel 
ings.  He  then  passed  through  the  several  company  streets, 
where  he  was  heartily  cheered.  On  retiring  to  the  Colonel's 
quarters  he  was  besieged  with  calls  for  "Coppinger!  Coppin- 
ger!"  when  he  reappeared  and  again  thanked  the  men  for  their 
kind  remembrances.  The  band  of  course  was  conspicuous  in 
the  tributes  paid,  and  the  honored  guest  left  camp  to  the  tune 
of  "Auld  Lang  Syne,"  amid  the  cheers  of  the  whole  regiment. 

On  the  7th  the  garrison  flag  was  again  placed  at  half-mast, 
as  a  tribute  of  respect  to  the  memory  of  one  for  whom,  when 
living,  all  the  members  of  the  regiment  had  the  utmost  respect, 
both  for  his  character  as  an  officer  and  a  kind-hearted  gentle 
man.  Information  had  been  received  of  the  death  at  New 
York  City,  on  the  6th,  of  Lieutenant-Colonel  William  H.  Hal- 
lick.  He  had  gone  home  only  a  short  time  before  hoping  to  re 
cover  his  health  and  return  again  to  the  field  of  duty.  His  death 
was  not  unexpected  by  his  comrades,  for  in  the  stillness  of  the 
night,  those  nearest  his  tent  had  often  heard  his  painful  cough 
as  he  battled  with  that  fell  destroyer — consumption.  Knowing 
his  condition  he  feared  that  he  would  have  to  surrender  to  its 
call  before  an  opportunity  was  offered  to  meet  a  less  dreaded 
enemy  in  the  field.  The  officers  passed  resolutions  of  sympa 
thy  and  condolence,  which  were  sent  to  his  family  as  a  token 
of  the  regard  in  which  he  was  held  by  every  one  who  had  been, 
favored  with  his  acquaintance.  His  remains  were  interred  in 
Greenwood  Cemetery. 

The  date  of  Colonel  Hallick's  entrance  upon  a  military  life 
is  not  known  ;  it  was  about  the  year  1850  when  he  joined  Com 
pany  B,  "  City  Guard,"  in  which  he  filled  various  non-commis 
sioned  offices  until  1857,  when  he  was  made  F"irst  Lieutenant. 
Before  the  close  of  that  year  he  was  made  Captain,  and  on 
June  25th,  1859,  was  elected  Major  of  the  NINTH  regiment. 
He  became  Lieutenant-Colonel  — ,  1860,  but  declined  further 
advancement  in  favor  of  Colonel  Stiles. 


1862  THE    NINTH    VS.     EIGHTY-THIRD.  93 

On  the  8th  General  Banks  and  staff  visited  the  regiment, 
and  thoroughly  inspected  the  camp  before  leaving.  On  the 
loth  Sergeant  Ralph  A.  Lanning  of  Company  D  was  elected 
First  Lieutenant,  after  which  he  was  presented  with  a  sword 
and  sash  on  behalf  of  his  company  by  Sergeant  Henry  P. 
Clare,  the  Lieutenant  responding  in  a  neat  speech.  Sergeant 
Felix  Hirt  of  Company  13,—  afterwards  killed  at  the  battle  of 
Fredericksburg, — was  also  on  this  day  promoted  First  Lieuten 
ant. 

>. 

On  the  1 3th  snow  fell  to  the  depth  of  three  inches,  and  as 
the  weather  soon  after  became  warmer,  the  quarters  were  so 
muddy  as  to  necessitate  corduroying  the  company  streets. 
On  the  22nd  the  camp  was  "  taken"  by  a  photographer  from 
Frederick.  The  weather  for  the  following  week  was  very 
changeable,  snowing  and  raining  alternately.  The  roofs  of 
many  of  the  huts  were  leaky,  the  men  neglecting  to  repair 
them  during  pleasant  days, — forthen  they  didn't  leak, — and  be 
ing  deterred  from  doing  so  when  it  stormed.  Drills,  perforce, 
were  dispensed  with,  and  this  general  inactivity,  and  a  service 
of  over  seven  months  without  having  met  the  enemy  in  a  gen 
eral  engagement,  tended  to  make  the  men  dissatisfied. 

On  the  27th  the  first  drill  of  the  year  was  ordered,  but  as 
the  ground  was  soft  and  spongy  little  could  be  done  and  the 
men  were  soon  dismissed.  At  dress-parade  orders  were  read 
to  the  effect  that  Major  William  Atterbury  had  been  appointed 
Lieutenant-Colonel,  and  Captain  Allan  Rutherford  of  Com 
pany  F,  Major,  of  the  Eighty-third  Regiment,  New  York  Vol- 
imtcers.  Rumors  of  this  change  of  regimental  number  had 
been  circulating  about  camp  for  some  time.  The  State  au 
thorities  had  issued  such  an  order  on  the  /th  of  December, 
but  this  was  the  first  time  that  the  news  had  been  officially 
promulgated  in  the  camp. 

The  announcement  caused  as  much  excitement  as  though 

o 

a  bomb-shell  had  exploded.  Another  cause  of  grievance,  lay 
in  the  fact  that  the  Governor  of  New  York  assumed  the  right 
to  appoint  and  commission  officers,  without  their  being  elected 
and  thus  recommended  by  the  members  of  the  regiment,  as 


94  THE    NINTH    NEW    YORK.  January 

had  been  customary  in  the  Militia  service.  Still  another  an 
noyance  was  produced  by  the  U.  S.  Government  refusing  to 
maintain  the  distinctive  uniform  of  the  regiment,  and  which 
had  been  adopted  before  the  outbreak  of  the  war. 

Upon  enlisting  in  the  regiment,  all  the  members  had  been 
mustered  into  the  service  of  the  State  of  New  York,  for  the 
usual  period  of  seven  years. 

The  oath  which  was  taken  upon  entering  the  United  States 
service  was  as  MEMBERS  of  the  NINTH  MILITIA,  which,  at  the 
time  of  this  change  of  name,  had  already  earned  a  valuable 
reputation  in  active  service  under  that  designation,  and  why 
the  esprit  de  corps  should  be  endangered  or  sacrificed  was  a 
mystery  then. 

That  the  officers  and  enlisted  men  were  of  true  soldier 
material,  is  shown  from  the  fact  that  this  great  disappointment 
to  their  feelings  of  right  and  justice  was  not  rebelled  against, 
but  merely  found  vent  in  groans  and  sighs  of  disapprobation, 
and  the  writing  of  articles  against  the  great  injustice  practiced 
upon  them.  Whenever  anything  troubled  or  puzzled  the 
rhymers  of  the  regiment,  they  generally  gave  vent  to  their 
feelings  by  dropping  into  poetry,  hence  : 

THE  LAMENT  OF  THE  INVOLUNTARY  VOLUNTEER. 

BY   ONE   OF   COMPANY  L,  NINTH  REGIMENT,    N.  Y.   S.  MILITIA. 

Unless  you  wish  to  wake  my  tears, 

Speak  not  again  that  horrid  word, 
I  am  not  of  the  volunteers  ; 

I  hate  the  mongrel  Eighty-third. 

My  country's  call  I  did  regard. 

And  on  my  armor  I  did  gird  ; 
I  joined  the  NINTH— the  City  Guard, 

And  now  they  call  us  Eighty-third. 

My  parents  said  a  fond  good-bye, 

While  sighs  and  tears  their  bosoms  stirred, 
I  left  them  with  the  "  NINTH  "  to  die 
'Tis  dead,  and  I'm  an  Eighty-third. 


1862  NUMBER    OF    THE    WELL    AND    SICK.  95 

The  lovely  lady  of  my  heart, 

Said  I  "  looked  pretty  as  a  bird." 
When  with  the  NINTH  1  did  depart : 

She'd  scorn  me  as  an  Eighty-third. 

A  scented  'kerchief  wiped  my  brow, 

Damp  with  an  agony  unheard  ; 
That  'kerchief  Flora  held — and  now 

I'm  but  a  vulgar  Eighty-third. 

I  wring  my  hands  in  deep  distress, 

From  suicide  I'm  scarce  deterred 
Wheri'er  I  look  upon  the  dress 

Was  sent  us  for  the    Eighty-iliird. 

My  hat  of  felt  looped  up  at  side, 

And  in  it  stuck  the  tail  of  bird. 
Reminds  me  sheep  and  fowl  have  died 

To  tile  the  new-fledged  Eighty-third. 

Coats  of  dark  blue,  and  pants  of  light, 

Are  "  regular,"  but  look  absurd  ; 
Of  them  I  cannot  bear  the  sight — 

We  wear  them  in  the  Eiglity-third. 

An  angry  scowl  is  on  my  brow 

And  dire  thoughts  within  are  stirred ; 
W^hene'er  I  meet  a  comrade  now, 

And  on  his  hat  see   E:ghty-third. 

E'en  in  my  sleep  I  loudly  talk, 

Until  throughout  the  camp  I'm  heard; 

I  dream  we  are  the  "  NINTH  New  York," 
And  wake  to  find  us  Eighty-third. 

Upstarting  like  one  from  a  swoon, 

I  find  my  eyes  with  tear-drops  blurred, 
I  dash  them  off — lie  down — and  soon 

"  I  don't,  won't  see  "  the  Eighty-third. 
Camp  Claassen,  January,  1862. 

On  the  6th  of  February  Surgeon  CHARLES  S.  TRITLER, 
Medical  Director  of  the  Army  of  the  Potomac,  made  a  report  of 
the  condition  of  the  army.  The  NINTH  had  ten  hundred  and 
sixteen  men  present,  of  whom  only  twenty-nine  were  sick — less 
than  three  per  cent.  Among  some  regiments  there  were  as 
many  as  twenty  per  cent,  in  the  hospital  or  under  medical  care. 


96  THE    NINTH    NEW    YORK.  February 

The  middle  of  the  month  found  the  weather  still  very  dis 
agreeable  ;  the  camp  ground  was  one  mass  of  mud,  rendering 
all  duty  other  than  guard  and  picket,  almost  out  of  the  ques 
tion.  Orders  having  been  received  from  Washington  permit 
ting  the  transfer  of  enlisted  men  to  the  gun-boat  service  on 
the  western  rivers,  the  following  members  of  the  NINTH  start 
ed  on  the  i  ;th  for  the  naval  rendezvous  at  Cairo,  111.:  Pri 
vates  John  A.  Gray,  Company  C  ;  John  W.  Jacques,  Company 
D  ;  David  Sands,  Company  E  ;  Nelson  Pinard,  Company  H  ; 
Harvey  Boker,  Company  I  ;  and  Samuel  S.  Watson  of  Com 
pany  L.  It  is  to  be  regretted  that  no  record  of  the  services 
of  these  men  in  their  new  field  of  duty  is  at  hand. 

The  news  that  had  been  received  during  the  past  two  or 
three  weeks  of  the  various  victories,  all  in  the  South  and 
West — Mill  Springs,  Ky.,  Forts  Henry  and  Donelson,  Tenn., 
and  Roanoke  Island  in  North  Carolina,- — caused  great  joy 
and  served  as  an  antidote  to  the  ennui  of  the  camp.  Jaundice 
had  now  broken  out  among  the  men  and  many  were  sick;  even 
Surgeon  Nordquist  was  not  able  to  keep  himself  proof  against 
disease,  and  was  obliged  to  obtain  leave  of  absence  in  order  to 
recuperate,  Assistant-Surgeon  Pinkney  returning  from  duty 
in  the  hospital  at  Frederick  City  to  minister  to  the  needs  of 
the  patients. 

A  slight  ripple  of  excitement,  and  which  served  for  a  day 
or  two's  talk,  was  occasioned  by  Private  Charles  Ross,  of 
Company  C,  challenging  a  comrade  to  mortal  combat.  To  the 
honor  of  the  challenged  party  the  duel  was  declined.  It  was 
easy  to  see  that  some  of  the  men  were  spoiling  for  a  fight,  but 
it  was  not  against  each  other  that  the  members  of  the  NINTH 
enlisted  to  do  battle. 

On  the  2Oth  a  petition,  signed  bv  the  officers,  was  for 
warded  to  the  Secretary  of  War  requesting  the  Government 
to  transfer  the  regiment  from  infantry  to  the  heavy  artillery.  . 

There  was  an  odd  character  in  Company  H,  whom  we  will 
call  O'Stillivan,  because  that  was  "  not "  his  name.  "  TheHams," 
however,  will  readily  recall  their  comrade.  O'Sullivan  was  an 
Irishman,  had  served  in  the  English  army,  and  when  on  duty 


i862  O'SULLIVAN    AND    FELIX.  97 

was  one  of  the  neatest  soldiers  in  the  regiment.  Unfortunately 
he  was  a  great  stutterer,  and  when  excited  or  angry  at  some  of 
the  practical  jokes  played  upon  him,  his  efforts  to  express  him 
self  caused  no  end  of  amusement.  New  ways  and  means  were 
beinof  constantly  devised  by  the  men  to  secure  more  than  the 

£>  J  J 

regulation  number  of  passes  to  leave  camp,  and  O'Sullivan  hit 
upon  a  good  one.  Approaching  Captain  John  T.  Lockman, 
one  Sunday  morning,  he  asked  for  a  pass  to  visit  the  camp  of 
the  Twenty-ninth  Pennsylvania  regiment,  for  the  purpose  of 
attending  Mass,  celebrated  there  by  the  Catholic  clergyman, 
the  chaplain  of  the  regiment.  The  Captain,  willing  to  encour 
age  all  religious  observances,  readily  granted  the  requisite 
permission.  This  particular  "  religious  "  service  was  always  a 
very  long  one,  for  O'Sullivan  never  returned  to  his  quarters 
till  after  dark,  and  his  comrades  noticed  that  he  was  generally 
full  of  more  spiritual  comfort  than  it  was  supposed  even  the 
good  father  could  impart.  Captain  Lockman  did  not — or 
would  not — notice  this,  the  "Hams"  wouldn't  "peach,"  and 
O'Sullivan  continued  his  attendance  on  "  mass"  for  a  number 
of  weeks. 

After  his  first  visit  he  had  procured  a  white  shirt — "  biled 
shirt,"  he  called  it — which  he  always  wore  when  going  to 
church,  and  he  seemed  to  prize  that  article  more  than  any 
thing  else  in  his  kit.  Where  it  was  kept  during  the  week  no 
one  knew,  and  yet  search  was  often  made  for  it  when  the 
owner  was  out  on  duty.  One  Sunday  a  member  of  the  com 
pany  whom,  from  his  Spanish  extraction,  we  will  call  "  Felix,  "  a 
tall,  awkward,  ungainly  individual,  and  apparently  somewhat 
simple-minded,  thought  that  he,  too,  would  like  to  attend  mass. 
He  obtained  a  pass,  but  wanted,  also,  O'Sullivan's  white 
shirt,  and  the  owner  being  on  guard  duty  that  day  and  there 
fore  unable  to  leave  camp,  Felix  made  the  request.  O'Sulli 
van  was  staggered  by  the  audacity  of  Felix,  but  when  the  lat 
ter,  with  tears  in  his  eyes,  told  how  he  had  been  brought  up  a 
strict  Catholic,  and  how  delighted  his  poor  old  mother  would 
be  to  hear  of  his  attending  mass,  the  soft  spot  in  O'Sullivan's 
heart  was  touched,  and  he,  with  weeping  eyes,  handed  over  the 


98  THE    NINTH    NEW    YORK.  Feoruary 

precious  garment,  with   particular  instructions   as  to  its  care, 
and  the  solemn  injunction  to  return  it  before  sundown. 

O'Sullivan  watched  Felix  till  he  left  the  camp  and  then 
went  on  duty,  but  it  was  noticed  that  he  was  silent  and  low- 
spirited  all  day.  He  feared  that  some  accident  would  happen 
the  "  biled  shirt."  Long  before  sundown  he  was  straining  his 
eyes  for  the  return  of  Felix — who  came  not  at  the  appointed 
time,  neither  did  he  put  in  an  appearance  that  night.  The 
next  day  O'Sullivan  was  almost  wild.  He  cursed  and  swore 
as  well  as  his  stuttering  proclivities  admitted,  but  neither 
Felix  nor  the  shirt  were  ever  again  seen  in  camp.  Felix  was 
not  so  "  simple  "  as  he  wished  his  comrades  to  believe,  for  it 
was  afterwards  discovered  that  the  fellow  had  for  some  time 
secreted  in  the  neighborhood  a  suit  of  citizen's  clothes,  and 
was  only  waiting  for  a  "  biled  shirt  "  to  complete  the  outfit  be 
fore  deserting.  O'Sullivan's  desire  to  attend  mass  vanished 

o 

with  the  shire. 

Whenever  the  boys  wanted  to  "  raise  Cain  "  with  O'Sulli 
van,  it  was  only  necessary  to  inquire  what  had  become  of  his 
"  biled  shirt." 

Regimental  chaplains  were  unknown  in  the  regular  army, 
Post  chaplains  being  all  that  the  regulations  called  for  ;  neither 
were  the  duties  of  militia  chaplains  very  clearly  defined,  and 
when  Chaplain  Phillips  received  his  appointment  from  Colonel 
Van  Beuren,  the  new  appointee  asked  what  his  duties  were, 
and  what  uniform  he  should  wear.  "You  are  to  be  pastor  of 
the  regiment,  and  your  uniform  what  would  be  suitable  for  a 
minister  of  the  gospel,"  was  the  reply. 

The  chaplain  says  that  he  never  questioned  the  wisdom  of 
that  answer,  and  that  he  found  it  amply  justified  in  all  his 
subsequent  experience,  "  relieving  me  from  many  embarrass 
ments  which  other  chaplains  had,  but  which  I  happily 
escaped."  The  chaplain  soon  became  the  repository  of  many 
little  secrets  ;  the  men  opened  their  hearts  to  him,  respecting 
their  officers,  while  officers  frequently  consulted  him  respect 
ing  their  men  ;  in  all  cases  the  chaplain  acted  the  part  of  a 
peace-maker — the  "  Pastor  of  the  Regiment." 


1862  SIX    MONTHS    IN    DIXIE.  99 

The  chaplain  recalls,  with  feelings  of  great  pleasure,  his  ex 
perience  with  the  regiment,  and  especially  of  the  life  at  Camp 
Claassen.  He  says  that  on  one  occasion  he  was  waited  upon 
by  Corporal  Dabney  W.  Diggs,  of  Company  C,  whose  squad 
had  just  completed  their  log  hut,  with  the  request  that  he 
would  hold  a  "Dedication  Service,"  the  corporal  being  unwill 
ing-  to  have  the  men  indulge  in  the  usual  "  house-warming  " 
somewhat  common  at  the  time.  The  service  was  held,  and 
such  was  the  influence  exerted,  that  in  a  clay  or  two  afterwards 
another  squad  requested  a  repetition  of  the  ceremony  on  the 
completion  of  their  hut.  The  sergeant  who  waited  upon  the 
chaplain  "  was  very  emphatic  in  his  desire  that  they  should 
have  as  good  a  send-off  as  the  other  fellows."  The  chaplain 
prepared  his  best  sermon,  and  the  exercises,  which  were  attend 
ed  by  nearly  the  entire  regiment,  were  a  pronounced  success. 

Early  in  the  month  the  chaplain  had  been  invited  by  the 
pastor  of  the  Lutheran  Church  in  Frederick,  to  preach  for 
him,  and,  of  course,  gave  his  hearers  a  good  loyal  sermon,  tak 
ing  for  his  subject  the  division  between  Jacob  and  Esau, 
"  applying  it  to  National  affairs,  but  counseling  fraternity,  and 
as  carefully  as  possible  trying  to  avoid  any  cause  of  offence." 
To  the  surprise  of  the  chaplain,  many  of  his  hearers  took 
umbrage  at  what  he  said,  but  the  loyal  portion  were  well 
pleased.  A  good  deal  of  interest  was  taken  in  the  matter  by 
citizens  generally,  and  by  officers,  and  the  chaplain  was  invited 
to  deliver  a  lecture  on  the  subject  in  some  public  hall,  in  order 
that  many  who  did  not  hear  the  sermon  might  listen  to  the 
lecture.  When  the  matter  was  referred  to  General  Banks, 
however,  he  disapproved,  fearing  that  more  bitter  feelings 
might  be  engendered.  It  was  therefore  determined  to  take 

£>  O 

up  the  subject  in  camp  on  Washington's  birthday,  and  many 
of  the  loyal  people  honored  the  occasion  with  their  presence. 
The  lecture  was  entitled  "  Six  Months  in  Dixie,"  and  as  a 
preliminary,  the  chaplain  gave  some  account  of  a  winter  spent 
in  Louisiana  ;  then  he  went  on  to  relate  his  experience  of  army 
life  during  the  six  months  the  NINTH  had  been  in  "  Dixie." 
Later  in  the  day  several  games  of  ball,  besides  other  sports, 


TOO  THE    NINTH    NEW    YORK.  February 

were  indulged  in,  and  when  night  came,  the  men  were  ready 
for  a  sound  sleep,  to  which  they  betook  themselves  immedi 
ately  after  roll-call  at  tattoo. 

Rumors  of  a  move  were  now  circulating  freely  about  camp. 
A  number  of  men  who  had  been  absent  from  their  companies, 
detailed  as  clerks,  etc.,  were  returned  to  the  ranks.  One  of 
these,  Private  Patrick  Burns,  of  Company  H  (afterwards 
killed  at  Gettysburg),  had  been  in  the  commissary  department 
for  some  time,  and  when  he  came  to  put  on  his  uniform  jacket, 
found  that  he  could  not  button  it.  A  certain  lieutenant, 
whose  nose  was  a  little  "  out  of  true,"  was  officer  of  the  guard, 
one  clay,  and,  as  he  passed  down  the  line  at  guard  mounting, 
noticed  Burns'  unbuttoned  jacket.  As  he  passed,  he  said, 
sharply :  "  Burns,  button  that  jacket."  Upon  returning  he 
noticed  that  his  order  had  not  been  obeyed.  Stopping  in 
front  of  the  offender  he,  in  a  more  formal  manner,  said  : 
"  Private  Burns,  button  your  jacket."  Burns  struggled  for  a 
moment  or  two  in  a  vain  attempt  to  make  buttons  and  button 
holes  meet,  and  then,  in  as  dignified  a  tone  as  he  could 
assume,  but  which  was  rendered  somewhat  comical  by  his  rich 
Irish  brogue,  replied,  as  he  looked  the  officer  squarely  in  the 
face  :  "  Lieutenant  -  — ,  I  can  no  more  button  that  jacket 
than  you  can  straighten  that  nose  on  your  face." 

The  officer  was  not  a  martinet,  and,  accepting  the  "  explan 
ation,"  he  turned  on  his  heels  and  passed  on,  realizing  that  a 
further  discussion  of  the  question  with  such  a  ready-witted 
subordinate  would  not  be  conducive  either  to  good  order  or 
military  discipline. 

On  the  evening  of  the  24th,  it  was  announced  that  the 
regiment  would  move  on  the  following  morning.  At  this  the 
men  were  well  pleased,  for,  while  they  had  enjoyed  their  win 
ter  quarters,  all  were  anxious  fora  more  vigorous  prosecution 
of  the  war  in  Virginia,  hoping  thereby  to  bring  about  the  end 
of  the  war,  and  then  be  allowed  to  return  to  their  homes. 


INSIDE    VIEW    OK    CAMP    LIFE,,'  ;  1DI 

LETTERS  •. 

Camp  Rutherford,  near  Frederick  City, 

/Ar.  7th,  1861. 

*  *  *  Have  been  on  the  march  ever  since  Monday  morning  till  late  Wednesday 
night,  and  sick  ever  since.  *  *  *  Our  company,  being  on  guard  the  second  day, 
were  the  rear  guard  of  the  regiment,  and  after  marching  all  day  had  to  guard  the  camp 
at  night.  I  was  fortunate  to  be  one  to  guard  a  farm  house  where  our  colonel  and 
some  other  officers  slept.  The  farmer  told  us  he  would  leave  the  back  door  open  and 
a  good  fire,  and  that  we  might  sleep  in  the  kitchen  our  four  hours  off.  *  *  *  The 
floor  was  covered  with  darkies  asleep.  I  took  my  blanket  and  made  my  bed  in  front 
of  the  fire,  laid  my  rifle  beside  me,  put  my  cartridge  box  under  my  head,  and  was 
just  ready  for  a  good  sleep  when  my  comrade  made  a  misstep  and  waked  up  the 
whole  lot,  and  such  a  time  I  never  saw.  The  darkies  screamed,  my  friend  tried  to  ex 
plain,  I  laughed.  Finally  some  one  got  a  light  and  we  made  them  understand  things. 

*  *     *     The  farmer  made  us  stop  for  breakfast,  and  such  a  breakfast,  I  seem  to  taste 
it  yet,  and  will  never  forget  it.     We    had  hot   coffee,  hot   corn  bread,  biscuit,  sausages, 
cold  meat,  stewed  pears,  etc.    They  laid  a  clean  table-cloth  and  we  ate  off  plates  and 
used  knives  and  forks. 

Dec.  13,  '6 1. 

*  *     *  I  have  my  rubber  blanket  yet,  also  my  spoon,  but  lost  knife  and  fork  long 
ago;  as  we  say  in  camp,  somebody  "  won  "  them.     Have  not  received  the  mittens  yet. 

*  *     *     We  would  be  glad  to  get  an  order  to  advance,  if  it  would  bring  the  war  to  a 
•close,  but  if  waiting  longer  would  insure  a  complete  victory,  I  for  one  won't  complain. 
But  you  know  this  is  not  a  desirable  life  to  lead.  We  are  but  little  better  than  savages. 
I  wish  you  would  sometimes  send  a  Sunday  paper ;  we  get  the  dailies,  but  others  are 
scarce ;  but  when  we  do  get  them  they  help  to  pass  away  the  slow  hours  of  camp  life. 

Jan.  6,  1862, 

Have  been  too  busy  to  write  for  several  days.  I  wrote  acknowledging  the  receipt  of 
my  Christmas  box.  The  pies  did  not  break.  *  *  *  I  lent  one  of  the  Twenty-sixth 
N.  Y.  my  pocket  knife  the  other  day,  to  cut  his  brother's  name  on  a  head-board ;  he 
begged  so  hard  that  I  told  him  if  he  would  give  it  to  the  doctor  at  the  hospital  when 
he  was  through  with  it  that  I'd  lend  it ;  and  that's  the  last  of  it.  I  expect  to  lose  my 
head  one  of  these  days.  *  *  * 

Jan,  8,  '62. 

*  *     *  Tell  L the  band  plays  the  "  Lazy  Dance  "  very  often,  but  I'm  too  lazy 

to  dance.     *    *     *    If  we  move  it  will  make  no  difference  in  our  address.     *     *     *    I 
hardly  think  we'll  cross  yet,  as  the  ice  (in  the  Potomac)  is  too  thin,  the  river  too  deep 
to  ford,  and  the  rebels  too  thick  on  the  other  shore.     I  had  sealed  this  when  a  man 
brought  me  the  lookecl-for  box  containing  mittens  and  all  the  rest. 

Jan.  12,  '62. 
Were  paid  yesterday — two  months.     *     *     *  Last  night  one  of  Company  L's  men 

came  in  and  said  Sam  B wanted  to  see  meat  his  tent ;  round  I  went  without  fixing 

up,  and  I  looked  like  distress ;  put  my  head  indoor  and  there  were  Mr.  and  Mrs.  B. 
How  they  laughed  ;  Sam  looked  worse  than  I  did.  They  brought  me  a  package  of 
good  things.  I  find  the  mittens  with  one  finger  very  comfortable  on  guard,  *  *  * 
There  is  a  very  high  wind  blowing ;  while  on  dress-parade  our  flag-staff  fell,  but 
fortunately  no  one  was  hurt.  I  expect  every  minute  to  see  our  tent  fly  away  and  leave 
us  out  of  doors. 


IO2,  THE    NINTH    NEW    YORK.  February 

Jan.  15,  '62. 

We  are  getting  the  benefit  of  one  of  the  worst  storms  I  ever  saw.  Our  tents  are 
leaking  so,  we  think  of  going  outside.  I  imagine  how  you  would  open  your  eyes  to 
see  me  now.  But  you  would  not  know  me  till  I  washed  my  face.  A  baker  from  8th 
Avenue,  New  York,  has  a  large  bakery  in  Frederick,  he  takes  our  flour  and  gives  us 
140  loaves  for  each  barrel.  It  is  a  pleasant  change  after  seven  months  of  hard  tack. 
Our  mess  are  having  their  pictures  taken  to  give  each  other.  I  send  them  to  you  as 
fast  as  I  get  them  ;  take  good  care  of  them,  please,  as  I  prize  them  highly.  First  I 
send  enclosed  is  the  pet  of  our  mess,  John  B ;  we  call  him  "  Handsome  Johnny." 

Jan.  26,  '62 

We  are  all  ready  for  an  advance.  The  news  from  Kentucky  is  glorious,  and  puts 
new  life  in  the  Potomac  army,  and  if  we  get  a  chance  will  send  you  more  of  the  same 

sort,  or  better.     *     *    *     One  of  our  mess,  W ,  got    a  box  from  home  with  a  huge 

turkey  and  duck  nicely  stuffed  and  roasted.  We  made  Mr.  Turkey  &Co.  leave  these 
parts  in  a  hurry.  I  find  it  rather  hard  to  write,  as  the  boys  in  next  tent  are  having  a 
prayer  meeting,  and  across  the  way  a  dance. 

Feb.  3,  '62. 

It  is  snowing  furiously.  We  have  put  a  rubber  blanket  in  front  of  the  door,  and 
every  little  while  we  all  rush  up  and  hold  on  to  the  tent  to  keep  it  from  blowing  away. 
*  *  *  We  are  anxious  to  get  a  look  at  Manassas  and  Bull  Run,  and  no  doubt  we 
will  get  all  we  want  of  it.  We  have  some  men  with  us  who  were  there,  and  two 
dogs — one  a  big  brindle  we  call  Jeff.  Davis.  He  knows  as  much  as  some  men.  He 
goes  the  round  of  the  guard  every  night,  staying  a  few  minutes  with  each  man.  *  *  * 
Must  be  brief,  as  it  is  near  dark.  We  were  kept  after  inspection  to  hear  the  articles 
of  war  read  for  the  iiooth  time.  *  *  *  I  weigh  145  pounds,  pretty  good,  consider 
ing  my  long  sickness  last  summer.  *  :-:  *  News  from  West  cheering.  \Yait 
awhile  and  we'll  send  you  some  as  good  from  the  Potomac. 

Feb.  13.  '62. 

>We  have  battalion  drills  every  morning  now.  on  a  side-hill  near  the  camp.  Snow  up 
to  our  knees.  It's  awful  hard  work.  *  *  *  You'd  laugh  to  see  the  boys  on  a 
do.uble  quick  fall.  They  can't  get  up  till  all  the  boys  have  passed  over  them.  Just 
received  news  of  Burnside's  victory.  The  boys  are  cheering  throughout  the  camp. 
Please  notice  this — to  one  unacquainted,  the  Potomac  forces  seem  to  be  doing  nothing, 
but  we  saved  Maryland,  and  hold  it  yet,  besides  we  keep  in  cheek  175,000  rebels  who 
are  in  Virginia,  almost  half  of  which  are  opposite  our  two  divisions,  Banks'  and 
Stone's  »  *  *  No  loyal  Union  person  can  find  fault  with  General  McClellan, 
unless  he  be  awfully  ignorant  of  warfare. 

Fcb  19.  '62. 

*  *  *  Our  regiment  is  in  excellent  fighting  condition,  but  few  sick.  We  think  in 
case  of  a  battle  we  will  be  used  as  a  flanking  regiment,  being  one  of  the  best  drilled  in 
the  division,  and  composed  of  young,  active,  men;  therefore  quickly  moved  from  ore 
point  to  another,  and  with  less  loss  of  life  than  a  poorer  drilled  one  would  incur.  I 
will  tell  you  what  flanking  means — for  instance  :  In  an  engagement  "a>c  are  held  in 
reserve,  and  if  our  forces  wish  to  change  the  front,  by  relieving  the  regiments  that 
have  been  fighting,  and  put  fresh  men  in  front,  we  must  open  fire  from  some  other 
quarter,  and  face  the  music  till  the  change  is  made,  when  we  retire  till  wanted  again. 
It  is  a  very  responsible  position,  and  only  well-drilled  men  will  do. 


l86?  CAMP    CLAASSEN.  10$ 

Feb.  23,   '62 

Yesterday  being  Washington's  birthday,  the  Colonel  gave  the  hardest  and  longest 
battalion  drill  we  ever  had.  Had  a  sham  battle,  and  supposed  ourselves  beaten,  and 
had  to  retreat  across  a  bridge.  Our  company  and  two  others  covered  the  retreat  of 
the  rest.  If  it  ever  takes  us  so  long  to  retreat  in  a  battle,  good-bye  to  the  companies 
that  cover  it.  *  *  *  Our  officers  have  put  in  a  petition  to  have  this  regiment 
formed  into  an  artillery  one,  and  put  it  in  one  of  the  forts  near  Washington.  It  is 
against  the  wishes  of  the  men,  the  men  are  bitterly  opposed  to  this. 

Feb.  24,  '62. 

*  *  *  Had  our  full  complement  of  cartridges  given  us  this  morning.  The  whole 
division  go  en  masse.  Watch  the  papers  for  news.  If  anything  happens  to  me,  I 
will  be  cared  for  by  our  mess,  and  my  things  sent  to  you.  I  shall  do  my  duty,  and 
won't  be  shot  in  the  back.  Don't  belie\fe  first  reports  of  killed  and  wounded. 


IO4  THE    NINTH    NEW    YORK.  February 


CHAPTER  VI. 

AGAIN  INTO  THE  VALLEY  AND  OUT. 

Sandy  Hook.  —  Camp  Davis  Revisited.—  Bolivar.  —  A  Foraging  Party.  —  Charlestown.  — 
Sibley  Tents.  —  "Spoon!"  —  Picket  Duty.  —  A  General  Advance.  —  Middleway.  — 
Bunker  Hill.  —  Winchester.  —  First  Prisoner  Lost  to  the  NINTH.  —  The  NINTH  to  the 
Front.  —  Shields'  Division.  —  Abercrombie's  Light  Brigade.  —  Berryville.  —  The 
Blue  Ridge  Mountains.  —  Aldie.  —  Back  to  Reenforce  Shields.  —  -Over  the  Mountains 
again.  —  Goose  Creek.  —  Centreville.  —  The  Battle  Field  of  Bull  Run,  1861.  —  Man- 
assas  Plains.  —  Weaverville.  —  Warrenton  Junction.  —  Reconnoissance  to  the  Rappa- 
hannock.  —  U.  S.  Uniforms.  —  Stormy  weather.  —  The  Capture  of  New  Orleans.  — 
"  Ye  Ballade  of  Mans.  Lovell."  —  "  The  New  Ballad  of  Lord  Lovell."  —  Letters. 


opening  of  the  Campaign  in  1862,  found  McClellan 
still  Commander-in-Chief  of  the  armies  of  the  United 
States.  Since  Bull  Run  there  had  been  no  great  battle  fought, 
the  General  occupying  the  time  in  drilling  and  disciplining  the 
inexperienced  troops  ;  in  other  words,  making  soldiers  of  the 
raw  recruits.  The  people  at  large  did  not  appreciate  the  diffi 
culties  under  which  a  body  of  armed  citizens  are  moulded  into 
the  form  of  an  army,  and,  prompted  by  officials,  both  in  the 
army  and  civil  service,  the  public  had  for  some  time  been  clam 
oring  for  another  "  On  to  Richmond  "  movement.  Notwith 
standing  the  accusations  of  timidity  and  unnecessary  delay 
McClellan  kept  his  own  counsel  and  was  silent,  but  steadily 
pushed  forward  his  work  of  organization. 

The  Army  of  the  Potomac,  toward  which,  for  obvious 
reasons,  the  eyes  of  the  people  were  turned,  was  stationed  to 
cover  Washington,  while  its  opponent,  the  Confederate  Army 
of  Northern  Virginia,  under  General  Joseph  E.  Johnston,  was 
at  Manassas  and  Centreville,  with  its  flanks  extending  from 
the  Potomac  on  the  east  to  the  Shenandoah  Valley  on  the 
west,  and  its  outposts  within  sight  of  the  Capital.  General 
Stone's  division  of  the  Union  army  was  near  Poolesville,  his 
pickets  along  the  Potomac,  while  Banks'  troops  were  scattered 


1862  OPENING    THE    SPRING    CAMPAIGN.  105 

along  the  line  of  the  Monocacy,  General  Frederick  W.  Land 
er's  division  was  on  the  line  of  the  Upper  Potomac. 

On  January  2/th  the  President,  under  pressure  of  "public 
opinion,"  issued  his  first  "  General  War  Order,"  directing  a 
forward  movement  of  all  the  land  and  naval  forces  of  the 
Union  to  be  made  on  the  22nd  of  February.  From  a  mili 
tary  point  of  view  this  was  a  strange  proceeding.  It  advised 
the  enemy,  nearly  a  month  in  advance,  that  they  \vere  to  be 
attacked,  and  had  better  make  ready  to  receive  an  assault. 
Unfortunately  General  McClellan  and  the  President  were  not 
in  accord  respecting  this  forward  movement.  Interviews  and 
correspondence  have  revealed  the  fact  that  they  held  opposite 
views  respecting  the  operations  of  the  Army  of  the  Potomac, 
and  McClellan  \vas  obliged  to  divulge  his  plans  to  a  few  of  the 
higher  officers  of  the  Government.  For  strategic  reasons  the 
General  wished  to  move  the  army  by  water,  down  the  Chesa 
peake  Bay  and  up  the  Rappahannock  River  to  Urbana,  thence 
across  the  Peninsula  to  the  terminus  of  the  Richmond  railroad 
at  West  Point  on  the  York  River,  thus  flanking  Yorktown 

o 

and  reaching  a  point  within  forty  miles  of  Richmond.  The 
President  \vanted  the  army  to  move  directly  against  Johnston  at 
Manassas.  McClellan's  plan  was  promptly  communicated  to  the 
Confederate  authorities,  and  although  that  officer  finally  suc 
ceeded  in  convincing  the  President  that  his  plan  was  the  best, 
he  was  only  permitted  to  make  the  change  of  base  in  a  some 
what  modified  form,  and  found  the  Confederate  Army  ready  to 
meet  him  when  he  landed — not  above  Yorktown  on  the  Rap 
pahannock,  but  below  that  stronghold  on  the  York  River. 

In  accordance  with  the  President's  order  General  McClellan 
had  directed  Banks  to  march  into  the  Shenandoah  Valley,  the 
General-in-Chief  accompanying  the  advance  which  crossed 
the  river  at  Harper's  Ferry  on  the  24th  of  February. 

Reveille  was  beaten  in  the  camp  of  the  NINTH  at  four 
o'clock  on  the  morning  of  the  2^th.  Much  that  had  accumu- 

O  ^ 

lated  during  the  winter,  in  the  way  of  camp  comforts  and  con 
veniences,  could  not  be  carried  by  the  men  and  was  given  to 
the  flames.  At  eight  o'clock  the  regiment  formed  upon  the 


IO6  THE    NINTH    NEW    YORK.  February 

familiar  parade  ground  and  marched  to  the  railroad  station  at 
Ijamsville,  one  and  a  half  miles  distant,  where  the  men 
boarded  a  train  of  freight  cars.  All  were  in  high  spirits,  and 
pleased  at  the  move  towards  the  enemy.  While  the  people  of 
the  neighborhood,  too,  were  glad  to  see  the  forward  move 
ment,  doubtless  many  regretted  the  departure  of  the  troops, 
for  the  soldier's  trade  had  been  a  source  of  profit  to  them, 
while  the  men  had  been  guilty  of  few  of  the  faults  that  so 
frequently  render  the  presence  of  large  bodies  of  soldiers  a 
nuisance  to  the  inhabitants.  After  a  most  enjoyable  ride  of 
some  twenty-three  miles  the  regiment  reached  Sandy  Hook 
at  about  two  o'clock  in  the  afternoon,  and  proceeded  to  the 
site  of  Camp  Davis.  Tents  were  soon  pitched  and  the  men 
retired  for  the  night.  On  the  following  morning  many  of 
them  ascended  Maryland  Heights  where  a  fine  view  was  ob 
tained  of  all  the  surrounding  country,  and  to  make  the  sight 
particularly  interesting,  the  Union  troops  could  be  seen  on 
the  opposite  side  of  the  river  driving  the  enemy  before  them. 
At  two  in  the  afternoon  the  NINTH  broke  camp  and  soon  af 
ter  crossed  the  river  on  a  pontoon  bridge.  As  the  men  climbed 
the  Virginia  shore  General  McClellan  and  staff,  as  well  as 
General  Banks,  were  observed  ;  this,  it  was  thought,  indicated 
a  speedy  and  aggressive  movement.  General  Thomas  J.  Jack 
son,  since  the  battle  of  Bull  Run,  more  familiarly  known  as 
"  Stonewall,"  was  in  command  of  the  enemy,  and  hard  knocks 
were  to  be  expected  whenever  the  hostile  forces  should  come 
in  contact.  Bolivar  was  reached  at  half-past  five  in  the  after 
noon,  and  shelter  was  found  in  the  deserted  houses. 

No  rations  were  issued  on  the  morning  of  the  27th,  and 
those  brought  from  Camp  Claassen  being  exhausted,  the  men 
were  obliged  to  forage,  and,  considering  the  scarcity  of  all 
kinds  of  food,  they  succeeded  remarkably  well.  Confederate 
prisoners  were  constantly  passing  through  Bolivar  to  the  rear, 
indicating  that  the  advance  Union  troops  had  met  the  enemy. 
The  men  of  the  NINTH  felt  encouraged  at  the  thought  of  soon 

O  o> 

beino-  able  to  take  a  hand   in   the  business  that  had  brought 

t>  ^ 

them  from  their  desks,  counters  and  work-shops. 


1862  SCOTT    "SCRATCHED    GRAVEL."  IO/ 

Large  numbers  of  troops  were  still  crossing  into  Virginia  on 
the  28th.  In  the  afternoon  a* small  party,  among  whom  were 
Walter  Scott  and  Matthew  L.  Tabele  of  Company  I,  eluding 
the  camp  guard,  started  out  on  a  "  reconnoissance."  A  barn 
in  the  distance  became  the  objective,  which  upon  approaching 
a  flock  of  geese  was  observed,  and  the  force  deployed  in  order 
to  surround  the  prize.  The  geese,  becoming  alarmed,  retreated 
through  a  hole  into  the  barn,  the  last  one  disappearing  just  as 
the  party  of  foragers  reached  the  spot.  The  barn  door  was 
locked;  the  goose  hole,  a  very  small  one,  but  it  was  thought 
that  the  smallest  man  in  the  party  might  enter.  The  lot  fell 
upon  Scott,  who  immediately  essayed  the  task  ;  it  was  a  tight 
squeeze,  but  by  the  aid  of  his  comrades  who  pushed  from  be 
hind,  he  at  length  entered.  The  geese  were  disposed  to  resent 
the  intrusion  and  hissed  their  objections,  but  Scott  attended 
strictly  to  business  until  the  whole  flock,  thirteen  in  number, 
had  been  seized,  killed,  and  passed  through  the  hole.  As  each 
man  received  a  bird  he  made  off  towards  camp  with  it.  When 
the  last  one  was  disposed  of,  Scott  tried  to  follow,  but  the  hole 
seemed  to  have  grown  smaller,  or  Scott  had  become  inflated 
with  success,  for  he  found  it  impossible  to  make  his  exit.  There 
•were  no  friendly  hands  behind  to  push,  and  Scott  could  see 
the  farmer  hurrying  towards  the  barn.  The  imprisoned  forager 
redoubled  his  efforts  and  "  scratched  gravel  "  till  his  fingers 
•were  sore.  Just  about  as  the  farmer  came  up  Scott  came 
through  ;  his  comrades  were  nearly  all  out  of  sight  by  this  time  ; 
the  farmer  was  the  bigger  man  of  the  two,  but  Scott  was  the 
better  runner  and  reached  camp  in  time  to  conceal  himself  be 
fore  the  enraged  granger  could  report  to  the  commanding  officer 
the  rape  of  the  geese.  A  strict  search,  by  a  detail  of  the  guard, 
failed  to  reveal  the  presence  of  a  s'ngle  goose  or  goose-feather 
in  camp,  and  the  disappointed  and  disgusted  farmer  retired. 
Half  an  hour  afterwards  a  number  of  individuals  might  have 
been  seen  scraping  away  the  earth  from  fresh-looking  spots  in 
side  their  tents,  and  from  holes  in  the  ground  pulling  out  the 
bodies  of  dead  geese.  Stripped  of  their  feathers  and  deprived 
of  their  "innards,"  they  were  soon  simmering  in  the  mess  ket- 


IOS  THE    NINTH    NEW    YORK.  March 

ties,  and  when,  at  half-past  nine,  the  order  was  given  to  fall  in 
for  the  night  march  to  Charlestown,  those  who  partook  of  the 
toothsome  repast  were  better  fitted  than  their  comrades  to 
cover  the  eight  miles  in  an  hour  and  forty  minutes. 

The  regiment  wras  in  heavy  marching  order  and  the  tramp 
was  a  fatiguing  one.  When  ordered  to  halt  the  men  were  in 

o  o 

a  profuse  perspiration,  and  for  some  unaccountable  reason 
were  kept  standing  in  the  ranks  for  nearly  two  hours,  by  which 
time  they  were  throughly  chilled.  A  countermarch  was  then 
ordered,  of  some  half  a  mile,  and  a  bivouac  made  in  a  piece  of 
woods. 

On  Saturday,  March  ist,  a  camp  was  laid  out  near  the  biv 
ouac.  The  change  from  Wall  to  Sibley  tents  consolidated 
the  messes,  a  feature  not  at  all  agreeable  ;  twenty  men  were 
expected  to  occupy  each  tent,  and  this  necessitated  too  much 
crowding  for  comfort.  So  close  were  the  men  obliged  to  lie  at 
night  that  "spoon"  soon  became  a  familiar  cry  whenever  any 
one  wished  to  turn  over.  Another  inconvenience  was  the  dif 
ficulty  in  finding  so  large  a  number  of  congenial  spirits  to  mess 
and  sleep  together ;  one  sore-head  would  make  trouble  and  an 
noyance  enough  to  keep  the  whole  tent  in  an  uproar.  The  of 
ficers'  mess  was  broken  up  too,  but  as  they  had  their  servants 
to  wait  upon  them  they  fared  quite  well. 

Companies  D  and  E,  Captains  Green  and  Shanly,  accom 
panied  by  a  squadron  of  the  First  Michigan  Cavalry,  were 
ordered  on  special  duty  at  a  point  near  Leetown,  six  miles 
distant. 

On  the  2nd,  Company  F,  under  Captain  Angus  Cameron, 
was  sent  to  the  Shenandoah  River  on  picket  duty.  Contrabands 
flocked  into  the  Union  lines  by  the  hundreds  and  were  not  re 
turned  to  their  masters — as  had  been  the  case  at  Camp  Claas- 
sen  in  Maryland.  The  few  remaining  inhabitants  in  the 
neighborhood  freely  declared  themselves  secessionists,  and  this 
necessitated  the  posting  of  guards  and  pickets  in  all  directions 
to  prevent  their  leaving  the  lines  with  information  for  the 
enemy.  On  the  3d,  Company  G.  Captain  Hendrickson,  was 
sent  out  on  picket,  and  on  the  5th  Company  C,  with  a  detail 


l8G2  FORWARD    ON    THE    VALLEY    PIKE.  IOQ 

from  other  companies,  under  Captain  Prescott,   relieved  Com 
pany  F  at  the  river. 

On  the  morning  of  the  6th  a  general  advance  of  the  troops 
took  place,  and  the  NINTH,  with  the  rest  of  the  division,  passed 
through  Charlestown,  then  turning  to  the  west  and  halting 
near  Middleway,  eight  miles  from  the  starting  place.  The 
inhabitants  were  clearly  hostile  in  their  sentiments  and  actions, 
The  country  seemed  rich  and  fertile,  the  road  was  good,  the 
day  pleasant  and  the  march  an  easy  one.  The  regiment  re 
mained  at  Middleway  until  the  loth,  during  which  time  rations 
were  scarce  and  sutlers'  goods  held  at  such  a  high  figure  that 
the  men  were  obliged  to  do  a  little  foraging. 

At  eight  o'clock  on  the  morning  of  the  loth,  the  troops 
again  moved  forward,  in  a  pouring  rain,  and  over  roads  soon 
rendered  difficult  by  the  storm.  When  near  the  village  of 
Bunker  Hill,  the  column  halted  for  the  'night.  During  the 
evening,  Companies  D  and  E,  relieved  from  duty  at  Leetown, 
joined  the  regiment.  Roving  bands  of  the  enemy  were  fre 
quently  seen  hovering  about  the  flanks  of  the  moving  troops, 
who  picked  up  a  number  of  stragglers,  and  shot  a  few  who 
tried  to  escape.  Occasionally  a  dash  would  be  made  upon  an 
outpost,  and  the  pickets  were  obliged  to  exercise  a  degree  of 
vigilance,  seldom  before  required,  in  order  to  prevent  their 
being  "gobbled  up."  At  eleven  o'clock  the  next  day,  the 
column  passed  through  Bunker  Hill.  The  Winchester — or 
Valley — pike  was  a  fine  level  road,  the  best  the  troops  had  yet 
traversed  ;  the  artillery  and  baggage  wagons  moved  over  it  with 
ease.  When  it  became  necessary  to  double  or  triple  the  col 
umn,  the  infantry  took  to  the  fields,  leaving  the  road  for  the 
teams.  When  within  five  miles  of  Winchester  the  infantry 
were  halted.  Several  skirmishes  between  the  cavalry  advance 
and  the  rear  guard  of  the  retreating  Confederates  occurred 
during  the  day,  resulting  in  a  few  casualties  on  both  sides. 

Johnston's  army  had  evacuated  Manassas  during  the  first 
week  of  the  month,  and  on  this  day — the  loth — the  Army  of 
Potomac  advanced  to  that  point.  This  movement  on  the  part 
of  Johnston's  main  army  necessitated  the  evacuation  of  Lees- 


IIO  THE    NINTH    NEW    YORK.  March 

burg,  and  a  corresponding  retreat  also,  on  the  part  of  Jackson, 
who,  however,  did  not  fall  back  until  pressed  by  the  Union 
troDps. 

On  the  iith,  McClellan  was  relieved  of  the  duties  of  Gen 
eral-in-Chief,  the  President,,  and  Secretary  of  War,  Edwin  M. 
Stanton,  assuming  the  ofeneral  direction  of  all  the  armies. 

<_>  o 

McClellan  was  now  pushing  his  arrangements  for  the  transfer 
of  his  army  to  the  Peninsula. 

On  the  morning  of  the  I2th,  the  men  were  awakened  early, 
but  it  was  not  until  seven  o'clock  that  the  forward  movement 
was  resumed.  The  column  moved  slowly,  with  frequent  halts, 
towards  Winchester,  where  it  was  expected  Jackson  would 
make  a  stand,  but  according  to  orders,  that  General  continued 
his  retreat  to  New  Market,  away  up  the  Valley,  and  within  sup 
porting  distance  of  the  main  Confederate  army,  hoping,  no 
doubt,  that  the  Union  troops  would  follow.  Winchester  was 
entered  without  opposition,  and  some  little  satisfaction  was 
experienced  when  it  was  discovered  that  the  enemy  had  left 
behind  them  a  number  of  heavy  guns,  mounted  in  the  fortifica 
tions,  for  want  of  time  or  means  to  remove.  As  the  column 
marched  through  the  town  the  few  inhabitants  who  showed 
themselves  wore  a  rather  sullen  appearance  ;  few  men  were  to 
be  seen,  and  those  who  were  encountered  terribly  scared,  at 
first ;  but  upon  being  assured  that  no  harm  was  intended 
against  non-combatants,  they  soon  became  bold  and  communi 
cative.  They  declared  themselves  to  be  good  Southerners — 
which  meant  that  they  were  thorough  rebels  at  heart — and 
that  they  detested  the  Yankee  soldiers.  These  people  ren 
dered  good  service  to  the  Confederate  army  during  the  various 
movements  in  the  Valley,  by  furnishing  information  obtained 
while  within  the  Union  lines. 

The  NINTH  went  into  bivouac  on  the  Strasburg  pike,  a 
short  distance  south  of  the  town.  Details  were  made  for 
picket,  and  Company  H  was  sent  into  town  to  perform  pro 
vost  guard  duty.  Winchester  is  the  county  seat  of  Frederick 
County,  and,  at  the  beginning  of  the  war,  had  a  population  of 
about  eight  thousand.  On  the  i3th,  James  J.  Keenan,  a  drum- 


1862  THE    LIGHT    BRIGADE.  I  I  I 

mer  boy  of  Company  I,  while  straying  outside  the  lines,  was 
captured  by  the  enemy.  He  was  the  first  prisoner  lost  to  the 
regiment.  On  the  same  day  the  camp  was  visited  by  the 
Thirteenth  Massachusetts,  and  the  two  regiments  fraternized 
for  a  brief  season.  On  the  I4th,  heavy  firing  was  heard 
towards  the  front,  t«he  long  roll  was  beaten,  the  men  hurried 
into  line,  and  a  moment  or  two  afterwards  were  going  on  the 
double-quick  to  the  sound  of  the  battle.  •  Upon  reaching  a 
point  about  two  miles  distant,  it  was  learned  that  the  Third 
Wisconsin  and  the  Michigan  Cavalry  had  been  attacked  by  a 
party  of  Turner  Ashby's  mounted  men,  but  had  repulsed  the 
assault  and  captured  a  few  prisoners,  whereupon  the  NINTH 
returned  leisurely  to  camp. 

On  Sunday,  the  i6th,  the  sound  of  heavy  guns  and  the  rat 
tle  of  musketry  was  heard,  but  the  regiment  was  not  called  out. 
The  weather  was  pleasant,  the  heavy  rains  of  the  previous  day, 
while  leaving  a  few  muddy  spots  about  the  parade  ground,  did 
not  prevent  a  battalion  drill,  and  the  usual  dress  parade  in  the 
evening.  On  the  iSth  General  lames  Shields,  who,  on  the 

o  J 

death  of  General  Lander  a  short  time  before,  had  assumed 
command  of  his  division  at  Romney,  and  who  found  that  the 
enemy  had  also  left  his  front,  passed  through  Winchester  go 
ing  towards  the  front.  Banks'  army  now  consisted  of  two  divi 
sions,  under  Shields  and  General  Alpheus  S.  Williams.  Shields 
was  a  brave,  aggressive  and  intelligent  commander,  and  no 
mean  opponent  for  Jackson,  as  "  Stonewall  "  found  to  his  cost 
a  short  time  afterwards. 

When  the  news  of  the  battle  of  Pea  Ridge,  Arkansas, 
fought  on  the  7th,  was  received,  the  men  were  quite  elated  and 
expressed  the  hope  that  something  like  a  battle  might  take 
place  in  the  East — win  or  lose.  On  the  2ist  the  brigade  was 
again  reorganized,  and  consisted,  besides  the  NINTH,  of  the 
Twelfth  and  Thirteenth  Massachusetts,  the  Twelfth  and  Six 
teenth  Indiana,  four  companies  of  the  First  Virginia  cavalry 
and  two  batteries  of  10  pdr.  Parrott  guns.  The  organization 
was  to  be  known  as  the  "  Light  Brigade,"  and  Brigadier-Gen 
eral  J.  J.  Abercrombie,  Colonel  of  the  Seventh  U.  S.  infantry, 


112  THE    NINTH    NEW    YORK.  March 

was  placed  in  command.  The  brigade  was  detached  from  the 
division  and  ordered  to  march  across  the  mountains  towards 
Manassas,  for  the  purpose  of  taking  the  place  of  a  portion  of 
the  Army  of  the  Potomac,  then  preparing  to  leave  for  the 
Peninsula.  At  two  o'clock  in  the  afternoon  the  brigade  left 

o 

camp,  together  with  other  portions  of  Banks'  old  division, 
leaving  principally  the  troops  of  General  Shields  to  look  after 
Jackson  in  the  valley.  Berryville  was  reached  at  eight  in  the 
evening.  It  was  a  rough  march  of  eleven  miles,  and  soon  after 
halting  the  men  lay  down  to  rest  and  sleep. 

At   eight   o'clock    the    following   morning    the    march    was 
resumed,    the    Shenandoah     crossed    on    a    pontoon    bridge, 
and  shortly  after  the  ascent  of    the    Blue  Ridge  begun    by  way 
of   Snicker's  Gap.      When  the  summit  of  the  road  was  reached 
the  command  halted  for  the   night.      The   march   had  been  a 
pleasant  one  ;  the  weather  was  cool  and  clear,  and  the  beauti 
ful  and   picturesque   scenery  much  enjoyed.      The   next   morn 
ing — Sunday,  the  23rd — tents  were  struck  at  half-past  six,  and 
at  eight  o'clock  the  column  was  in    motion  on  the  Aldie  Pike. 
The  route  led  through  Snickersville  and  Philemont  and  across 
Goose  Creek.     The  weather  continued  pleasant  and,  although 
many   of   the   men   were    nearly   shoeless,    that    hardship   was 
almost  forgotten  in  the  contemplation  of  the  romantic  scenery. 
After  a  march  of  seventeen  miles,  and  when  near  Aldie,  camp 
was  pitched  for  the  night.      The  men  rested  until  four  o'clock 
the  next  afternoon,  when  they  were  hurriedly  called  into  line 
and  soon  the  column  was  countermarching  towards  the    west. 
Shields   had   been    attacked    the    previous   afternoon    by    the 
cavalry  of  Jackson's  command  and,  finding  his  force  too  small 
to  successfully  cope  with   the  Confederates   in   the  open  field, 
had  fallen  back  to  Kernstown,  about  four  miles  south  of  Win 
chester.      During   the    skirmish,  Shields  was   wounded   in    the 
arm,  but  managed  to  post  his  troops  in  an  advantageous  position 
for  the  battle  he  expected  to  fight  on  the  following  day.     Jack 
son  attacked  at  noon  ;  meanwhile  a  courier  had  been  sent  to 
bring  back  Abercrombie's  brigade. 

The  Light  Brigade  hurried  along  to  the  support  of  Shields, 


1862  BACK    OVER    THE    15LUE    RIDGE.  IIJ 

and  the  march  was  kept  up  until  three  o'clock  the  next  morn 
ing — the  25th — when  the  troops  halted  on  the  mountain  for  a 
few  hours'  rest.  When  the  Shenandoah  was  reached  it  was 
found  that  the  pontoon  bridge  was  broken,  and  it  was  not  till 
three  o'clock  in  the  afternoon  that  a  crossing  was  effected. 
The  brigade  marched  directly  for  Winchester,  cutting  across 
the  fields  and  hurrying  along,  hoping  to  be  in  time  to  aid  the 
gallant  Shields.  When  about  two  miles  from  the  river  an  estafet 
was  met,  who  brought  the  cheering  intelligence  that  the  enemy 
had  been  routed  with  great  loss,  and  that  the  services  of  the 
Light  Brigade  were  not  needed.  Leaving  a  portion  of  William's 
division  behind  to  swell  Shields'  force,  the  brigade  turned  about 
once  more,  and,  amid  -shouts  of  delight,  wended  its  way  back, 
crossed  the  river,  and  began  again  the  ascent  at  Snicker's  Gap. 
A  short  rest  was  enjoyed  near  the  bivouac  of  the  night  before. 

Nine  o'clock  on  the  morning  of  the  26th  found  the  line  in 
motion  again,  and  towards  evening  the  advance  halted  near 
Goose  Creek.  Upon  approaching  the  bridge  to  reconnoitre, 
the  cavalry  discovered  a  party  of  the  enemy  in  the  act  of 
unscrewing  the  nuts  and  drawing  out  bolts  from  some  of  the 
timbers,  hoping,  no  doubt,  to  kill  two  birds  with  one  stone- 
destroy  the  bridge  and  precipitate  a  lot  of  Union  soldiers  into 
the  stream,  as  soon  as  a  sufficient  weight  of  men  or  animals 
was  upon  it.  The  infantry  column  had  stacked  arms  and  the 
men  were  preparing  their  supper,  when  an  alarm  was  raised 
by  the  beating  of  the  long  roll  ;  this  caused  some  excitement 
among  the  troops  in  the  rear  ;  the  cavalry  galloped  forward  to 
the  support  of  their  advance  guard,  and  the  enemy  at  once 
beat  a  hasty  retreat.  The  bridge  was  saved.  The  NINTH 
remained  in  camp  all  the  next  day,  while  two  regiments  of  the 
brigade  were  sent  out  on  a  reconnoissance  ;  they  returned 
during  the  day  without  having  met  the  enemy. 

The   march   was   resumed    on   the   morning  of  the    28th   at 

t> 

eight   oclock.      After  passing   through  Aldie,    the  column  con 
tinued  on  the  Little  RiVer  pike — a  road  as  straight  as  an  arrow 
—for  several  miles,  then  broke  to  the  right,  and  early  in  the 
evening  halted  within  four  miles  of  Centreville.   The  eighteen- 


TIIE    xivni    XEW    VORK.  March 


mile  march  had  been  a  dusty  one,  and  the  men  embraced  the 
opportunity  to  bathe  and  wash  in  the  clear  waters  of  Cub  Run, 
near  which  they  halted.  At  nine  the  next  morning  the  brigade 
moved,  passing  through  the  abandoned  earthworks  and  camps 
of  the  enemy,  and  viewing  with  some  degree  of  interest  and  dis 
gust  the  numerous  carcasses  of  horses  and  mules  that  lay  scat 
tered  about.  The  men  were  curious  to  see  the  formidable  works 
and  obstructions,  which  —  it  was  said  —  had  kept  the  Army 
of  the  Potomac  at  bay  so  long.  The  several  forts  and  lines  of 
rifle  pits  were  critically  examined,  while  the  camp  sites  were 
explored  for  relics.  After  about  an  hour's  halt  at  Centreville 
the  column  moved  on,  and  the  men  soon  found  themselves  on 
the  battle-field  of  Bull  Run,  1861.  Thart  historic  stream  was 
crossed  by  means  of  a  temporary  bridge,  and  the  regiment  soon 
after  stacked  arms  in  the  late  camp  of  the  Third  South  Carolina 
Volunteers.  Again  a  hunt  for  relics  was  made,  but  little  save 
buttons  were  found  to  repay  the  search.  The  Stone  bridge 
Avas  visited  and  viewed  with  great  interest,  as  was  also  the 
Henry  house,  and  the  Stone  house  —  used  as  a  hospital  during 
the  battle  —  at  the  intersection  of  the  Warrenton  and  Sudley 
roads.  Many  other  points  made  famous  by  the  first  great 
battle  of  the  war  were  also  visited.  It  was  here  that  the 
members  of  the  NINTH  first  had  an  opportunity  of  seeing  the 
great  wastefulness  occasioned  by  the  exigencies  of  war.  A 
large  amount  of  quartermaster  and  commissary  stores,  tents, 
clothing  and  camp  utensils,  lay  scattered  about  ;  barrels  of 
flour,  bacon,  molasses  and  such  like,lay  exposed  to  the  elements. 
Had  the  Union  troops  been  driven  from  their  camps  there 
could  hardly  have  been  a  greater  abandonment  of  valuable 
property.  While  the  brigade  remained  here  a  violent  storm 
of  rain,  snow  and  hail  burst  over  the  neighborhood,  and  all 
that  could  sought  shelter  in  the  huts  built  by  the  enemy  for 
Avinter  quarters. 

Late  in  the  afternoon  the  column  marched  about  two  miles 
towards  Manassas  Junction,  and  then  halted  for  the  night  in  a 
low,  wet,  muddy  field,  where  nothing  could  be  found  with 
\vhich  to  kindle  a  fire.  The  trees  had  all  been  cut  down,  there 


1862  MANASSAS,     VIRGINIA.  115 

wasn't  a  fence  rail  within  sight,  and  nothing  but  a  little  light 
brush  wood  and  brambles  could  be  obtained  with  which  to 
cover  the  wet  ground.  Many  of  the  men  woke  next  morning; 
to  find  their  clothing  saturated  with  mud  and  water. 

At  ten  o'clock — Monday,  the  3Oth — the  brigade  pursued  its 
v/ay,  and  towards  evening  halted  near  Manassas  Junction. 
The  neighborhood  was  so  thoroughly  cut  up  with  earthworks 
and  lines  of  rifle-pits,  the  cleared  spaces  so  covered  with  the 
carcasses  of  animals,  and  the  almost  equally  odorous  aban 
doned  huts  of  the  enemy,  that  it  was  with  great  difficulty  a 
suitable  place  was  found  for  a  bivouac.  Some  of  the  Confed 
erate  regiments  had  enjoyed  better  winter  quarters  than  the 
NINTH.  On  examining  a  number  of  the  more  pretentious 
huts,  several  interesting  relics  were  found,  among  them  a  play 
ing  card  on  which  was  written,  "  S.  C.  3d  Vols.  We  leave  this 
house  thinking  that  a  good  man  in  a  bad  cause  may  rest  his 
weary  limbs  beneath  its  roof."  On  another:  "We  leave  to 
return  again  ;  look  out  for  the  Mississippi  Tigers  !"  In  the 
morning  the  men  busied  themselves  in  cleaning  their  clothing 
and  equipments,  preparatory  to  an  afternoon  inspection,  but 
instead  of  that  ceremony,  they  were  ordered  to  pack  up,  and 
at  four  o'clock  the  regiment  crossed  Broad  Run — upon  a 
prostrate  tree — and  went  into  bivouac  a  short  distance  beyond 
the  stream. 

The  next  morning,  April  ist,  at  eight  o'clock,  the  brigade 
moved  forward,  following  the  line  of  the  railroad,  crossing 
several  streams  on  temporary  bridges,  passing  through  Cat- 
lett's  Station,  then  turning  south,  and  when  near  Weavers- 
ville  halted  for  the  night.  All  along  the  route  the  eye  was 
greeted  with  the  desolation  of  war — burned  bridges,  destroyed 
road-bed,  burned  and  twisted  rails,  engines  and  cars  partly 
burned,  or  otherwise  rendered  useless — it  was  a  suggestive 
sight.  The  Confederates  had  suffered  greatly  from  measles 
during  the  winter.  The  burying-ground  of  the  Eleventh  Ala 
bama  Volunteers,  containing  at  least  one  hundred  graves,  was 
also  noticed.  Verily,  disease  is  a  more  deadly  enemy  to  the 
soldier  than  the  bullet. 


lib  THE    NINTH    NEW    YORK.  April 

At  three  o'clock  the  next  afternoon,  the  brigade  moved  in 
a  westerly  direction,  and  after  a  march  of  about  four  miles, 
halted  and  went  into  camp  near  Warrenton  Junction.  Gen 
eral  Blenker's  division,  of  the  Army  of  the  Potomac,  was 
camped  at  the  Junction,  but  under  orders,  expecting-  soon  to 
leave  for  the  Peninsular.  On  the  3rd  the  ground  was  hardly 
dry  enough  for  company  or  battalion  drill,  but  small  squads 
were  formed  and  instructed  in  the  bayonet  exercise.  On  the 
4th,  Saturday,  regular  drills  were  resumed. 

On  the  morning  of  Monday,  the  6th,  Company  L,  together 
with  a  company  from  each  of  the  other  regiments  in  the 
brigade,  a  squadron  of  cavalry  and  a  section  of  artillery,  the 
whole  under  the  command  of  Lieutenant-Colonel  Thomas  J. 
Lucas,  of  the  Sixteenth  Indiana,  made  a  reconnoissance  to  the 
Rappahannock  River,  at  the  railroad  crossing,  reaching  there 
about  eleven  o'clock.  The  Confederate  earthworks,  on  the 
opposite  side  of  the  river,  were  shelled,  causing  the  enemy  to 
retreat  in  great  haste.  After  remaining  an  hour  or  more,  and 
obtaining  all  the  information  possible,  the  command  returned 
to  camp  without  suffering  any  loss. 

A  driving  rain-storm  now  set  in,  which  continued  with 
scarcely  an  intermission  until  Thursday  evening.  Many  of 
the  tents  were  leaky  and  the  occupants  rendered  very  uncom 
fortable.  The  whole  camp  was  soon  a  sea  of  mud  and  slush, 
and  as  the  storm  continued,  the  ground  inside  the  tents  became 
saturated.  Fires  could  scarcely  be  maintained,  and  the  men 
were  in  a  pitiable  condition.  But  amid  the  gloom  and  desola 
tion  of  their  surroundings  a  ray  of  light  appeared  in  the  news 
of  the  capture  of  Island  Number  Ten  by  General  John  Pope. 
On  the  i  ith  the  storm  abated  somewhat,  and  details  were  sent 
out  to  repair  the  damage  done  the  railroad.  Towards  evening 
the  news  of  Grant's  victory  at  Shiloh — or  Pittsburg  Landing— 
was  received,  and  from  that  time  till  "  taps,"  the  camp  resounded 
with  the  rejoicings  of  the  men.  The  sun  came  our.  bright  and 
clear  on  the  i2th,  and  during  the  day  the  regiment  moved  to  a 
new  camp  ground,  half  a  mile  distant,  where  a  much  better 
Jocation  was  obtained. 


1862  RECONNOISSANCE    TO    THE    RAPPAHANNOCK.  I  \J 

Monday,  the  i3th,  was  spent  in  placing  things  to  rights  in 
the  tents,  in  cleaning  and  drying  wet  clothing,  and  putting  arms 
and  equipments  in  order.  Provisions  being  scarce,  a  foraging 
party  under  proper  officers,  was  sent  out,  and  returned  during 
the  day  with  half  a  dozen  wagon  loads  of  food  and  forage, 
while  individuals  of  the  party  were  well  supplied  with  poultry 
"and  sich,"  which  they  had  purchased  or  borrowed  during  the 
trip.  On  the  I4th  a  brigade  review  took  place  and  it  was 
rumored  that  Abercrombie  was  to  be  succeeded  by  General 
George  L.  Hartsuff.  During  the  night  musketry  firing  was 
heard  on  the  picket  line,  but  the  camp  was  not  alarmed  ;  when 
the  pickets  returned  in  the  morning,  they  brought  with  them  a 
few  prisoners,  the  result  of  a  slight  skirmish  at  the  outposts. 
By  the  i6th  the  bridges  on  the  railroad  had  all  been  repaired, 
and  trains  were  running  regularly  to  and  from  Alexandria. 
McDowell's  corps  of  the  Army  of  the  Potomac  still  remained  on 
the  line  of  the  Rappahannock,  and  the  General  was  in  command 
of  all  the  troops  in  the  vicinity. 

On  the  night  of  the  i /th,  five  companies  of  the  NINTH,  un 
der  Lieutenant-Colonel  Atterbury,  with  detachments  from  other 
regiments  of  the  brigade,  four  companies  of  cavalry  and  eight 
pieces  of  artillery,  in  all  about  eighteen  hundred  men,  under 
the  command  of  Lieutenant-Colonel  Timothy  M.  Bryan  of  the 
Twelfth  Massachusetts,  were  assembled  at  the  camp  of  the 
Twelfth,  and  an  hour  or  two  after  midnight  proceeded  on  a  re- 
connoissance  towards  Rappahannock  Station.  The  late  storm 
had  rendered  the  roads  almost  impassable  for  artillery,  the 
caissons  frequently  cutting  in  hub  deep,  and  the  march  was 
thereby  much  impeded.  Upon  reaching,  at  about  seven  o'clock, 
a  cross  road  near  the  river,which  it  was  thought  led  to  fords 
both  above  and  below  the  station,  detachments  of  cavalry  were 
sent  out  towards  the  river  to  guard  the  Hanks  and  prevent  the 
enemy  from  getting  into  the  rear  of  the  reconnoitering  party. 

Approaching  nearer  the  river  by  the  main  road,  Colonel 
Bryan  halted  his  command  below  the  bluff  or  ridge  which 
overlooked  the  stream,  and  with  two  or  three  officers  ascended 
the  hill  in  order  to  obtain  a  view  of  the  opposite  bank.  The 


IlS  THE    NINTH    NEW    YORK.  April 

bluff  was  a  steep  one,  about  seventy  feet  high.  The  enemy 
were  plainly  seen  on  the  opposite  side,  strongly  fortified,  on  a 
bluff  some  twenty  feet  higher  than  the  one  occupied  by  Col 
onel  Bryan.  Concealed  by  the  bushes,  the  Colonel  noted  that 
extensive  earthworks  had  been  erected,  while  others  were  in 
course  of  construction.  Owincr  to  a  bend  in  the  river  the 

O 

enemy  could  easily  enfilade  any  line  on  the  Union  side,  but 
Colonel  Bryan  disposed  his  force  to  the  best  advantage,  and 
with  such  secrecy,  that  his  line  was  established  without  the 
knowledge  of  the  enemy.  Part  of  the  artillery  was  drawn  up 
by  hand  to  the  crest  overlooking  the  river,  and  masked  by  the 
shrubbery  ;  a  section  was  sent  to  a  hill  about  three-quarters  of 
a  mile  to  the  right,  and  the  guns  well  supported  by  infantry. 
The  detachment  of  the  NINTH,  with  a  section  of  artillery  under 
Lieutenant-Colonel  Atterbury  formed  the  reserve. 

The  following  extracts  describing  the  action  are  taken  from 
Colonel  Bryan's  report: 

As  the  last  echo  of  the  rebel  hand  at  guard  mounting  died  away  I  gave  them  as  a 
chorus  the  right  piece.  *  *  *  This  was  a  splendid  shot.  The  shell  struck  nearly  the 
center  of  the  large  fort  opposite  and,  bursting,  scattered  the  men  on  all  sides.  *  *  * 
This  work  was  being  completed  and  the  parapet  was  covered  with  men  at  work.  The 
next  shot  went  a  little  to  the  right,  and  the  next  also.  This  giving  them  some  en 
couragement  they  returned  and  opened  fire  with  two  brass  six-pounder  smooth-bores, 
their  shot  and  shell  falling  short  about  thirty  yards.  The  fifth  shot  *  *  *  blew 
up  the  magazine  in  that  work  and  silenced  the  guns.  *  *  *  Suddenly  two  masked 
batteries  enfiladed  us.  I  made  a  slight  change  in  our  position  and  replied.  *  *  * 
Two  masked  batteries  opened  on  Lieutenant  Charles  B.  Brockway,  (who  had  charge 
of  the  artillery  on  the  extreme  right)  one  a  twenty-four  or  thirty-two  pounder,  which 
enfiladed  the  line  of  skirmishers.  *  *  *  I  ordered  the  battery  to  take  another 
position  and  try  the  earthworks  on  their  extreme  left.  Hardly  had  they  taken  position 
and  opened  fire  when  a  masked  battery  in  front,  and  not  over  one  thousand  yards  dis 
tant,  replied.  *  *  *  Lieutenant  Brockway  directed  one  of  his  pieces  upon  it  with 
such  effect,  that  at  the  second  fire  one  of  the  enemy's  guns  was  knocked  over,  and  the 
hoises  of  the  battery  were  seen  galloping  away  over  the  fields.  *  *  *  The  force  of 
the  enemy  I  estimated  at  between  five  and  seven  thousand  infantry,  at  least  one  regi 
ment  of  cavalry,  three  full  batteries  of  six-pounder  smooth-bores  and  two  siege  guns, 
twenty-four  pounders.  *  *  *  In  conclusion,  allow  me  to  express  to  you  my  heart 
felt  thanks  for  placing  me  in  command  of  the  picked  men  of  your  brigade,  who,  not 
withstanding  the  fatiguing  march,  without  any  sleep,  they,  both  officers  and  men, 
were  ready  to  undergo  any  amount  of  hardship,  and  all  seemed  anxious  to  acquit 
themselves  as  heroes. 


1862  IN    U.    S.    REGULATION    CLOTHES.  I  19 

It  had  been  intended  that  the  expedition  should  reach  the 
river  in  time  to  throw  up  a  line  of  rifle  pits  before  daylight, for 
the  protection  of  the  infantry,  and  then  send  a  mounted  force 
across  at  daybreak  for  the  purpose  of  creating  a  diversion  in 
favor  of  a  force  under  General  Christopher  C.  Augur,  who  had 
that  morning  driven  the  enemy  from  Frederickburg  and 
occupied  the  town.  The  object  of  the  expedition  was  fully 
accomplished,  however,  and  that  without  a  single  casualty  in 
Colonel  Bryan's  command. 

On  the  i Qth  the  regulation  light  blue  trousers  were  issued 
to  the  men,  to  replace  the  dark  blue  worn  on  leaving  New 
York,  and  which  had  always  distinguished  the  NINTH  Militia 
from  the  other  volunteer  regiments  in  the  field.  Much  indio- 

o  o 

nation  was  manifested  at  losing  the  cherished  color  and  trim 
mings.  'Overcoats  had  been  changed  at  Camp  Claassen,  and 
now  only  the  jacket  and  cap  remained  of  the  original  uniform, 
and  to  these  the  men  clung  during  their  whole  term  of  service, 
wearing  them  when  off  duty. 

The  next  three  days  proved  rainy,  and  those  compelled  to 
be  out  on  guard  or  picket  duty  were  made  thoroughly 
miserable.  Quite  a  number  were  compelled  to  register  their 
names  on  the  sick  list.  On  the  23rd  the  weather  was  clear 
and  pleasant,  and  the  day  was  mainly  spent  in  drying  clothing 
and  repairing  the  wear  and  tear  to  arms  and  equipments. 
General  Abercrombie  was  present  at  dress-parade  and  was 
kind  enough  to  compliment  the  men  on  their  fine  soldierly 
appearance. 

The  next  day  proved  that  the  storm  had  only  been  taking 
a  rest,  for  again  the  rain  came  clown  and  continued,  with 
scarcely  an  intermission,  till  the  morning  of  the  26th,  when  the 
sun  again  shone  upon  an  array  of  wet  and  muddy  blankets  and 
clothing,  rusty  guns  and  water-soaked  accoutrements.  In  the 
afternoon,  the  regiment  was  exercised  in  bayonet  drill.  Mon- 

J 

day,  the  27th,  was  pleasant  and  the  respite  from  drill  gave  the 
men  an  opportunity  to  visit  the  neighboring  camps,  among 
which  was  General  George  A.  McCall's  division  of  Pennsyl- 


I2O  THE    NINTH    NEW    YORK.  April 

vania    Reserves.      Reading   and    letter-writing   was   a  regular 

fj  O  <_> 

Sunday  employment,  much  practiced  by  the  NINTH,  and  the 
day  was  well  spent  until  the  usual  time  for  the  evening  dress- 
parade. 

On  Tuesday,  the  capture  of  New  Orleans  was  officially 
announced  to  the  troops.  This  event  was  of  particular  inter 
est  to  the  NINTH,  inasmuch  as  General  Lovell,  the  Commander 
at  New  Orleans,  had  been  Captain  of  Company  C  at  the  out 
break  of  the  war,  a  position  he  had  resigned  to  cast  his  lot 
with  the  Confederates. 

From  Moore's  Rebellion  Record,  vol.  V.,  the  following 
verses  are  copied  : 

YE  BALLADE  OF  MANS.  LOVELL 


Mans.  Lovell  he  mounted  his  General's  steed, 

All  on  the  New  Orleans  levee  ; 
And  he  heard  the  guns  of  old  Cockee  But — ler, 
A-sounding  all  over  the  sea — sea — sea — 
A-sounding  all  over  the  sea  ! 

"Oh  !  what  shall  I  do?  "  Mans.  Lovell,  he  said — 

"  Oh  !  what  shall  I  do  ?  "  said  he  ; 
"  For  this  Butler's  an  old  Massachusetts  man, 

And  he'll  hang  up  a  traitor  like  me — me — me— 
He'll  hang  up  a  traitor  like  me  ! " 

Mans.  Lovell  he  called  for  a  brandy  cock-tail, 

And  galloped  from  off  the  levee  ; 
And  he  vamoosed  New  Orleans,  betwixt  two  days, 
As  fast  as  his  steed  could  flee — flee — flee- 
As  fast  as  his  steed  could  flee ! 


O  Mansfield  Lovell !  you  left  New  York, 

A  rebel  and  traitor  to  be  ; 
But,  if  ever  you're  caught  by  Cockee  But — ler, 
Look  out  for  your  precious  bod — ee — dee — dec 
Look  out  for  your  precious  bod — ee  ! 


CAPTAIN GENERAL     LOVELL.  121 


THE  NEW  BALLAD  OF  LORD  LOVELL. 

Lord  Lovell  he  sat  in  St.  Charles'  hotel, 

In  St.  Charles'  hotel  sat  he, 
As  fine  a  case  of  a  Southern  swell 

As  ever  you'd  wish  to  see — see — see — 
As  ever  you'd  wish  to  see. 

Lord  Lovell  the  town  had  vowed  to  defend ; 

A-waving  his  sword  on  high, 
He  swore  that  his  last  ounce  of  powder  he'd  spend, 

And  in  the  last  ditch  he'd  die. 

He  swore  by  black  and  he  swore  by  blue, 

He  swore  by  the  stars  and  bars, 
That  never  he'd  fly  from  a  Yankee  crew 

While  he  was  a  son  of  Mars. 

He  had  fifty  thousand  gallant  men, 

Fifty  thousand  men  had  he, 
Who  had  sworn  with  him  that  they'd  never  surrert- 

Der  to  any  tarnation  Yankee. 

He  had  forts  that  no  Yankee  alive  could  take ; 

He  had  iron-clad  boats  a  score, 
And  batteries  all  around  the  lake 
And  along  the  river  shore. 

Sir  Farragut  came  with  a  mighty  fleet, 

With  a  mighty  fleet  came  he, 
And  Lord  Lovell  instanter  began  to  retreat 

Before  the  first  boat  he  could  see. 

His  fifty  thousand  gallant  men 

Dwindled  down  to  thousands  six  ; 
They  heard  a  distant  cannon  and,  then, 

Commenced  a-cutting  their  sticks. 

"  Oh  !  tarry,  Lord  Lovell !  "  Sir  Farragut  cried— 
"  Oh  !  tarry,  Lord  Lovell !  "  said  he  ; 

"  I  rather  think  not,"  Lord  Lovell  replied, 
"  For  I'm  in  a  great  hurry." 

"  I  like  the  drinks  at  St.  Charles'  hotel, 
But  I  never  could  bear  strong  Porter, 

Especially  when  its  served  on  the  shell, 
Or  mixed  in  an  iron  mortar." 


122  THE    NINTH    NEW    YORK.  April 

"  I  reckon  you're  right,"  Sir  Farragut  said, 

"  I  reckon  you're  right,"  said  he, 
"  For  if  my  Porter   should  fly  to  your  head, 

A  terrible  smash  there 'd  be." 

Oh  !  a  wonder  it  was  to  see  them  run, 

A  wonderful  thing  to  see, 
And  the  Yankees  sailed  up  without  shooting  a  gun, 

And  captured  their  great  citie. 

Lord  Lovell  kept  running  all  day  and  night, 

Lord  Lovell  a-running  kept  he, 
For  he  swore  he  couldn't  abide  the  sight 

Of  the  gun  of  a  live  Yankee. 

LETTERS : 

Bolivar  Heights,  Feb.  28,  1862. 

*  *  *  Our  troops  are  nearly  all  across.  We  built  a  good  bridge  on  40  boats,  and 
a  plank  walk  built  on  them  (pontoon  bridge).  Found  Harper's  Ferry  nearly  deserted  ; 
the  people  were  panic-stricken  and  left,  taking  all  they  could  with  them.  We  occupy 
the  houses  as  we  have  no  tents  with  us.  Our  company  have  a  good  brick  one ;  40  men 
sleep  in  my  room.  Bolivar  is  nearly  as  large  as  Hoboken,  nearly  all  the  houses  are 
brick.  Harper's  Ferry  is  built  on  a  hill-side,  and  looks  very  ancient.  The  country  is 
hilly  about  "  yere."  We  expect  to  move  towards  Winchester  this  P.  M.  Our  wagons 
have  not  arrived  and  we  are  half  starved.  Coffee  without  sugar  and  bread  without 
salt  is  all  we  have  so  far.  Some  obliging  person  helped  himself  to  my  haversack,  with 
two  days'  food,  and  my  tin  cup.  You  can  have  some  idea  whether  I  am  hungry.  I 
could  eat  an  ox,  every  bit  of  it.  There  are  30,000  men  here  to-night,  and  it  is  reported 
that  McClellan  will  send  60,000  more  in  a  few  days. 

Charlestcnim,  Va.,  Mch.  4,  1862. 

I  write  to  let  you  know  where  we  are,  but  fear  it  will  not  reach  you  very  soon,  as 
correspondence  is  not  forwarded.  Our  duty  is  severe.  We  are  right  among  the  enemy 
and  capture  some  every  day.  Night  before  last  General  Banks  sent  to  our  Colonel  for 
his  largest  and  best  company  to  go  eight  miles  out  and  do  picket  duty.  Our  company 
went,  and  such  a  time  !  We  were  to  be  the  very  outpost,  and  the  posts  200  yards 
apart.  The  Second  Massachusetts  had  been  on  the  outposts  before  ;  when  we  passed 
them  (they)  were  surprised  to  see  us  put  ours  beyond  them,  and  said  we'd  every  one 
be  taken  by  the  rebel  cavalry,  as  three  of  their  men  had  been  taken  already,  but  our 
Captain  said  he  was  ordered  to  put  his  first  (post),  next  to  the  Second  Massachusetts, 
and  the  last  on  the  Shenandoah  River,  and  he'd  do  it,  or  send  us  all  to  Richmond. 
We  searched  every  house  and  barn  on  the  way.  It  was  very  cold,  and  we  passed 
through  woods,  fields  and  swamps,  and  over  fords,  till  morning  came,  and  I  was  very 
glad  to  see  it.  \Vere  not  allowed  to  build  a  fire,  or  sleep  ;  indeed,  did  not  feel  like 
sleeping.  The  rebs.  had  felled  trees  r-?ross  the  road,  every  little  way,  to  prevent  our 
artillery  from  passing.  Just  after  we  left  in  the  morning,  a  large  body  of  rebel  cavalry 
came  up  the  road  behind  us,  with  a  flag  of  truce,  telling  General  Banks  if  he  did  not 


i862  ACCOUNT    OF    LIKE    AT    THE    FRONT.  123 

retreat  to  the  other  side  of  the  rivet  in  ten  hours,  Jackson  and  his  men  would  drive  us 
•out,  hut  \ve  are  still  here,  and  when  we  do  move  Jackson  won't  have  to  run  after  us. 

We  got  into  Charlestown  at  midnight ;  there  were  but  a  few  old  men  in  town  ;  they 
would  not  let  our  troops  into  houses,  hotels,  barns,  or  any  other  buildings,  so  we 
helped  ourselves.  Our  company  took  possession  of  a  printing  office,  and  slept  in  a 
large  room  at  the  top  of  the  house.  Some  of  the  women  were  awful  "  sassy,"  and  said 
we'd  get  whipped  out  of  the  place  in  the  morning  ;  that  we  were  only  loafers,  and  dared 
not  fight  men,  only  women.  The  Colonel  allowed  us  to  forage,  and  I  must  tell  you  of 
my  first  effort  in  that  line  :  Eight  of  us  started  ;  went  to  a  house  two  miles  from  camp. 
We  were  armed  with  revolvers  and  clubs.  They  saw  us  coming,  and  the  old  man, 
woman,  and  three  girls  came  out.  I  said,  we  are  Union  soldiers  and  want  food,  but 
will  not  be  unreasonable  ;  will  take  a  few  chickens  and  a  turkey,  as  you  have  plenty. 
The  old  man  said  he  must  submit,  but  Jackson  would  pay  us  in  the  morning.  He  had 
two  sons  in  the  Rebel  Army.  One  of  the  girls  spoke  and  said  :  "  I  thought  you  came 
here  to  fight,  not  to  steal."  We  got  three  ducks,  two  geese,  one  turkey,  nine  chickens, 
and  a  sheep  ;  enough  to  last  several  days.  They  would  have  given  us  a  pair  of  chick 
ens  for  a  handful  of  salt.  Salt  is  worth  $40  a  sack,  coffee  $r,  and  tea  $3  a  pound; 
calico,  the  poorest  1  ever  saw,  37  cents  per  yard,  and  very  scarce  at  that.  *  *  *  I  only 
weigh  145  pounds,  but  if  foraging  keeps  good,  think  I'll  get  in  good  condition.  Just 
saw  N ,  is  awfully  disappointed,  for  he  got  no  letters,  so  I  lent  him  your's  to  con 
sole  him. 

Winchester,  Mch.  19,  1862. 

Have  just  come  off  picket  *  *  *  There  were  ten  men  on  a  post,  and  we  were  gone 
two  clays.  *  *  *  Their  pickets  came  close  to  us  during  the  night,  but  seeing  (?)  there 
were  so  many,  left.  We  don't  fire  unless  they  show  fight,  for,  if  we  do,  we  will  have 
all  our  men  up  without  cause,  and  we  need  all  the  sleep  we  can  get.  I  must  tell  you 
of  the  alarm  we  had  last  night  ;  we  stood  guard  two  hours  each  ;  I  went  on  at  9.30, 
came  off  at  1 1.30,  made  my  bed  by  the  fire  and  went  to  sleep,  leaving  only  the  two  on 
guard  awake.  But  I  just  got  into  the  land  of  dreams  when  they  waked  me  and  said 
they  heard  cavalry  in  the  distance.  I  played  Indian,  and  putting  my  ear  to  the  plank 
road,  could  plainly  hear  them  riding  rapidly.  Coming  from  that  direction,  we  sup 
posed  them  rebels  of  couise,  so  waked  up  all  the  boys,  and  made  ready  to  meet  them. 
I  went  down  the  road  a  ways  and  waited  till  they  were  about  200  yards  off,  when  I 
sang  out,  Halt  !  They  could  not  see  me,  it  was  so  dark,  but  stopped  instantly.  I 
asked.  Who  comes  there?  They  answered:  Friends.  I  ordered  one  to. dismount, 
advance,  and  give  the  countersign  ;  he  did  so,  and  said  they  were  from  Western  Vir 
ginia,  under  General  Lander,  and  there  were  8,000  more  coming,  infantry,  cavalry  and 
artillery,  and  did  not  expect  a  picket,  unless  rebel,  so  far  out.  They  warmed  at  our  fire, 
and  went  on.  During  the  night  two  rebs.  walked  up  to  our  fire  and  began  talking,  as 
much  at  home  as  could  b^,  supposing  it  was  their  own  picket,  and  felt  bad  enough 
when  they  found  out  their  mistake.  They  talked  freely,  said  they  were  tired  of  war 
and  hoped  it  would  soon  end.  In  the  morning  one  of  our  boys  killed  a  pig  ;  we  skinned 
it,  cut  it  up,  and  hung  it  up  to  cool,  and  in  the  afternoon  cooked  every  blessed  bit  of 
that  pig,  at  least  60  pounds,  and  had  a  grand  dinner,  the  prisoners  eating  as  if  they 
had  seen  no  meat  for  five  years  at  least.  They  said  they  did  not  expect  to  find  gentle 
men  in  the  Union  Army,  and  would  remember  the  NINTH  New  York  forever. 

Our  boys  have  a  large  flag  across  the  street,  and  the  Massachusetts  boys  have 
another  just  above.  Many  of  the  women  won't  walk  under  them,  but  go  some  dis 
tance  around,  which  makes  a  great  deal  of  fun  for  the  boys.  The  other  day  two  young 


124  THE    NINTH    NEW    YORK.  April 

ladies  came  down  the  street  ;  one  passed  under  the  flag,  the  other  stopped  ;  her  friend 
called  her  to  come  on.  "  No  !"  said  she,  "I  never  will  go  under  that  dirty  flag,"  and 
was  about  turning  back  when  one  of  Banks'  (Collis)  Zouaves,  standing  by,  said  :  "  I'll 
bet,  madam,  it's  cleaner  than  your  chemise."  She  went  under. 

Near  Warrcnton  Junction,  ApL  3,  '62. 

We  have  had  hard  times  since  leaving  Winchester.  When  over  thirty  miles  towards 
Manassas  we  got  orders  to  return,  as  Stonewall  Jackson  had  attacked  the  forces  we 
left  (Shields).  *  *  *  It  was  a  hard-fought  battle;  our  boys  fought  desperately,  and 
suffered  dreadfully.  We've  been  on  the  march  ever  since  we  left  Winchester.  We 
are  nearly  barefooted!  I  picked  up  a  pair  of  shoes  some  one  had  discarded.  *  *  * 
We  are  only  half  fed  at  present.  *  *  *  For  dinner  to-day  had  one  cracker  and  half 
a  pint  of  coffee.  The  roads  are  so  bad  our  wagons  can't  get  through.  *  *  *  Our 
wagons  went  for  forage  to-day,  but  the  rebs.  chased  them  back  inside  our  pickets. 


l.  6.  '62. 

The  mail  came  through  last  night  and  I  got  your  letters.  *  *  *  McClellan  spoke 
truly  when  he  said  he  would  ask  of  us  "  to  bear  cheerfully  long  marches  and  many 
deprivations."  I  got  a  pair  of  shoes  to-day  —  No.  14/5  —  pretty  good-sized  soap  boxes,  but 
as  I  have  been  nearly  barefoot  for  three  weeks,  I'm  very  glad  to  get  them.  *  *  *  It 
was  kind  of  you  to  offer  to  send  money  for  shoes,  but  if  I  had  a  box  full  I  could  not 
spend  it  here.  *  *  *  While  on  picket  the  other  night  we  encountered  the  rebel 
cavalry  and  exchanged  shots,  but  in  the  darkness  they  got  away.  We  doubled  our 
posts  and  waited  their  return,  but  they  did  not  come.  '  My  post  was  near  a  house.  I 
went  there  in  the  morning  and  got  breakfast,  bread  butter  and  coffee.  The  women 
were  bitter  towards  the  Yankees.  As  they  were  women  I  did  not  say  much  ;  only 
when  one  said,  "  It  is  a  shame  to  see  a  promising  young  man  in  so  wicked  a  cause," 
and  that  we  could  "  never  conquer  the  South."  I  said,  We  II  try. 

Apl.  1  8,  '62. 

We  are  on  picket,  and  about  as  lazily  situated  as  you  can  imagine.  Have  three 
posts  of  sixteen  men  each.  *  *  *  I  came  off  guard  at  8:30,  A.  M.  and  have  been 
getting  breakfast.  One  of  the  boys  put  his  ration  of  coffee  with  mine  ;  he  made  the  fire, 
I  brought  water,  and  while  he  made  coffee  I  set  the  table  (!)  As  he  did  the  most  work 
I  made  things  equal  by  eating  most  breakfast.  The  weather  is  as  hot  as  July.  *  *  * 
Five  companies  of  our  regiment  and  two  batteries  and  a  cavalry  regiment  past  us  last 
night  on  a  reconnoissance,  and  we  have  heard  continued  firing  all  the  morning  from  that 
direction,  and  think  likely  they  have  had  sharp  work,  for  between  the  heavy  guns  we 
distinctly  hear  the  volleys  of  musketry.  I  hope  we  may  be  called  out  where  the  rest 
of  the  regiment  are.  Although  never  in  actual  battle,  have  seen  death  in  all  shapes 
since  out  here,  and  been  in  one  skirmish,  enough  to  give  me  an  idea  of  warfare.  I 
am  willing  to  stand  my  chance,  at  any  time,  by  the  side  of  my  comrades.  *  *  * 
Our  overcoats  would  make  you  a  stylish  basque  (?),  so  look  out  for  box  from  C  -- 
soon. 

On  Picket,  Apl.  29,  '62. 

Got  our  mail  last  night.  I  had  eight  letters,  four  from  you,  so  to-day  I  am  enjoying 
them.  Two  contrabands  came  in  just  now.  Say  they  walked  all  night  to  reach  our 
lines  —  they  bring  no  news.  We  took  17  yesterday;  one  pretty  woman  almost  white.  I 
offered  to  escort  her  to  headquarters,  but  the  lieutenant  said  no,  and  in  less  than  an 
hour  sent  me  up  with  an  old  woman  over  80.  I  call  that  mean.  One  of  my  contra- 


EXPERIENCE    ON    PICKET.  125 

hands  just  asked  me  if  I  was  "  writin*  to  your  girl;"  I  said  Yes ;  says  he,  "  I  'spect  she's 
mighty  feared  you'll  get  killed."  Yes,  said  I.  "  Den,"  said  he,  "  dat's  right,  you  ought 
to  write  often,  for  I  'spect,  she  tinks  a  heapo'  yer."  Yes,  said  I,  and  told  him  to  keep 
still,  but  I  know  he  won't.  He  is  old  and  one  of  the  pleasantest  looking  darkies  I  ever 
saw 

I  went  a  few  days  ago  to  see  John  Randolph's  plantation.  It's  about  two  miles 
out  of  camp.  I  was  much  pleased  with  it.  There  is  no  one  there  but  the  negroes,  and 
there  seemed  to  be  about  200  of  them.  There  were  about  40  little  houses — quite  a 
village — each  family  had  one.  There  were  Higgins',  Carters',  Browns',  Smiths'  and  all 
the  darky  names  you  can  imagine.  The  mansion  is  an  antique  building.  I  did  not 
stay  as  long  as  I  wanted  to,  for  as  our  cavalry  came  in,  the  rebels  came  back  and  I 
thought  it  might  be  their  day  to  call.  My  relict  has  come,  so  I  must  take  my  contra 
band  and  travel  to  headquarters.  I  just  asked  the  old  man  if  he  had  any  word  to  send 
my  girl,  and  he  says  :  "Tell  her  I'se  an  old  nigger,  mos'  done  gone,  but  I  hopes  de 
Lord  will  bress  her."  *  *  *  Just  had  a  little  excitement.  The  Sixteenth  Indiana 
regiment,  not  knowing  we  were  here  on  picket,  came  into  the  woods  to  fire  off  their 
loaded  muskets,  and  their  balls  fell  around  us  like  hail  ;  we  threw  ourselves  down  on 
the  ground,  behind  the  trees;  three  balls  struck  my  tree,  about  two  feet  above  my 
head.  It  was  a  wonder  some  of  us  were  not  hurt.  You  ask  if  we  had  plenty  of 
eggs  for  Easter?  Not  one— biscuit— pork  and  coffee. 


126  THE    NINTH    NEW    YORK.  May 


CHAPTER   VII. 

MORE  MARCHING. 

Good  News  from  the  West.—  General  Hartsuff  in  Command  of  the  Brigade.  —  Twelfth 
and  Sixteenth  Indiana  Leave  for  Home.—  Camp  Stanton,  Catlett's  Station.—  News  of 
McClellan's  Victories  on  the  Peninsula.  —  On  the  March.  —  "  The  Brooklyn  Four 
teenth,"  (Eighty-fourth  N.  Y.  Vols.)—  More  Stormy  Weather.—  Fredericksburg.  — 
Department  of  the  Rappahannock.—  Shelter  Tents.—  Knapsack  Drill.—  Reviewed 
by  President  Lincoln.  —  March  to  Acquia  Creek.  —  Up  the  Potomac  to  Alexandria.  — 
By  Rail  to  Manassas.  —  March  to  Front  Royal.  —  Stonewall  Jacskon's  Operations  in 
the  Valley.—  Confederate  Money.  —  General  Rickettsin  Command  of  the  Division.— 
"  Hartsuff'  s  Plunderers."  —  Return  to  Manassas.  —  McDowell  Does  not  Join  Mc- 
Clellan.  —  Visiting  the  Battle  Field  of  Bull  Run  '61.  —  Enlisted  Men  must  not  Carry 
Pistols  or  Revolvers.  —  Drills  Resumed.—  Letters. 


ist  of  May,  although  "moving  day"  to  so  many  New 
Yorkers,  passed  with  the  NINTH  stationary  in  camp. 
Indeed  the  weather  was  very  unfavorable  for  moving;  the 
ground  was  wet  and  the  roads  in  bad  condition.  Towards 
e'vening  the  sky  cleared  a  little,  and  it  was  hoped  that  settled 
weather  would  soon  replace  that  of  the  past  few  weeks.  The 
news  of  the  evacuation  of  Corinth,  Miss.,  and  its  occupation  by 
the  Union  Army  under  General  Henry  W.  Halleck,  on  April 
3<jth,  was  received  on  the  2nd,  but  inasmuch  as  the  enemy  had 
quietly  moved  off  everything  of  value  belonging  to  them,  it  was 
looked  upon  as  rather  a  barren  victory.  Yet,  it  was  a  victory 
for  which  all  were  thankful.  The  next  day  General  Hartsuff 
relieved  General  Abercrombie  of  the  command  of  the  brigade. 
On  the  afternoon  of  the  4th  it  was  officially  announced  that 
the  enemy  had  evacuated  Yorktown.  McClellan  had  begun 
his  spade  movement  on  the  5th  of  April,  and  had  been  success 
ful  in  digging  the  enemy  out,  who  retreated  leaving  all  their 
heavy  guns  behind  them. 

The  Twelfth  and  Sixteenth   Indiana  regiments,    who  had 
entered  the  service  for  one  year,  left  for  home  on  the  5th.     The 


1862  CAMP     STANTOX.  I2/ 

NINTH  regretted  parting  with  their  western  comrades,  whose 
companionship  had  been  found  most  agreeable,  and  the  wish  was 
expressed  that  they  would  soon  re-enlist  and  return  again  to  the 
front ;  the  record  shows  that  most  of  them  did  so.  Indiana 
troops  were  found  on  nearly  every  battle-field  of  the  war. 

The  encampment  had  been  occupied  then  for  nearly  a 
month,  and  owing  to  the  continued  heavy  rain  had  become 
quite  unhealthy  ;  a  move,  therefore,  was  ordered,  and  in  the 
afternoon  the  regiment  marched  about  a  mile  nearer  Catlett's 
Station,  on  the  railroad,  and  pitched  tents  on  as  pleasant  and 
healthy  a  spot  as  could  be  desired.  In  honor  of  the  Secretary 
of  War  it  was  named  Camp  Stanton.  On  the  afternoon  of 
the  6th  the  regiment  was  exercised  in  battalion  drill,  move 
ments  which,  owing  to  the  stormy  weather,  had  been  suspend 
ed.  For  the  next  few  days  drilling  was  vigorously  prosecuted; 
the  weather  was  pleasant  and  the  men  appeared  to  be  in  good 
physical  condition.  News  of  McClellan's  victories  at  Williams- 
burg  and  West  Point,  and  which  added  greatly  to  the  prestige  of 
the  commander,  were  duly  received.  The  NINTH  wondered 
when  they  would  have  an  opportunity  of  meeting  the  enemy. 

On  the  iith  the  brigade  was  reviewed  by  General  Hart- 
suff,  at  the  conclusion  of  which  orders  were  issued  requiring 
the  regiment  to  be  ready  to  march  early  the  next  morning. 
General  Abram  Duryea's  brigade  arrived  from  Alexandria 
during  the  night,  for  the  purpose  of  relieving  Hartsuff's,  and 
shortly  after  noon  on  the  I2th,  the  Light  Brigade  folded  their 
tents,  buckled  on  their  knapsacks,  and  started  on  the  march. 
The  weather  was  hot  and  the  road  dry  and  dusty  ;  water  was 
scarce  on  the  route,  and  the  brigade  commander  had  issued 
orders  forbidding  the  men  to  leave  the  ranks  even  to  get 
water — this  order,  however,  was  more  honored  in  the  breach 
than  in  the  observance.  After  a  march  of  five  miles  towards 
the  southeast  the  column  halted  for  the  night.  At  half-past 
six  the  next  morning  the  march  was  resumed,  the  route  lead 
ing  through  a  fine-looking  country.  After  a  hot  and  dusty 
march  of  sixteen  miles  the  brigade  halted  for  the  nicrht  near 

O  *> 

the  hamlet  of  Hartwood  ;  many  of  the  men  spread  their  blan- 


128  THE    NINTH    NEW    YORK.  May 

kets  out  in  the  open  air  in  preference  to  crowding  into  the 
Sibley  tents,  and  slept  just  as  soundly  as  ever  they  did  on 
feather  beds  or  hair  mattresses  at  home.  Starting  at  seven 
o'clock  on  the  morning  of  the  i4th  the  column  soon  after 
passed  through  Hartwood,  thence  on  towards  Falmouth, 
ou  Hearing  which  the  Fourteenth  New  York  Militia,  from 
Brooklyn,  was  passed.  This  regiment  also  rejoiced  in  a 
change  of  number — they  "saw"  the  NINTH  and  "went  them 
one  better,"  for  they  were  officially  designated  as  the  Eighty- 
fourth  New  York  Volunteers. 

The  red-legged  Fourteenth  had  been  engaged  at  Bull  Run, 
and  no  doubt  looked  upon  the  NINTH  with  becoming  commis 
eration,  but  this  did  not  prevent  a  very  cordial  meeting 
between  the  two  regiments,  among  which  were  many  mutual 
friends  and  acquaintances.  Familiar  salutations  were  heard 
on  all  sides.  The  meeting  of  friends,  under  such  circumstances, 
is  peculiarly  interesting,  and  can  only  be  appreciated  by  the 
boys  who  were  there.  Sharing  a  common  danger  and  know 
ing  not  at  what  moment  the  chances  of  war  might  cut  them 
off,  their  greetings  were  heartfelt  and  spontaneous.  The  col 
umn  passed  through  and  beyond  Falmouth  about  a  mile, 
finally  halting  on  Stafford  Heights  opposite  Fredericksburg. 
Before  tents  could  be  pitched,  a  violent  thunder-storm,  accom 
panied  by  a  deluge  of  rain,  broke  over  the  shelterless  men, 
and  nearly  all  were  drenched  to  the  skin.  During  the  follow 
ing  day  the  storm  continued,  and  the  men  were  obliged  to 
keep  close  within  their  tents,  except  the  poor  unfortunates 
who  had  to  be  called  out  on  guard  or  picket  duty ;  but  this 
enforced  absence  of  some  of  the  men  was  a  great  benefit  to 
those  who  were  lucky  enough  to  be  in  camp,  as  the  tents  were 
less  crowded.  128 

On  the  1 6th,  the  sky  was  clear  again  and  the  men  were 
enabled  to  view  their  new  surroundings.  To  the  right,  nest 
ling  close  by  the  river,  lay  Falmouth,  its  inhabitants  apparently 
peaceable-  and  happy  ;  to  the  left  and  rear,  on  ground  sloping 
gently  down  towards  the  Rappahannock,  were  fertile  farms 
with  good  houses  and  outbuildings  ;  on  the  opposite  side  of 


1862  OPPOSITE    FREDERICKSBURG.  1 29 

the  river,  upon  a  plateau  some  fifty  feet  above  the  level  of  the 
stream,  lay  the  city  of  Fredericksburg,  the  steeples  of  its 
churches  and  many  of  the  more  prominent  buildings  being 
easily  seen.  There  were  no  outward  indications  of  war,  save 
the  ruins  of  the  railroad  and  turnpike  bridges,  which  had  been 
destroyed  by  the  enemy  when  their  troops  evacuated  the 
neighborhood ;  not  an  armed  enemy  was  in  sight,  and  to  a 
stranger  it  might  have  seemed  that  the  Union  troops  were  out 
on  a  camping  frolic. 

The  location  of  the  camp  having  been  found  inconvenient, 
a  change  was  made  on  the  i  /th,  and  tents  were  pitched  near 
several  springs  of  good  water.  During  the  day,  the  Eleventh 
Pennsylvania  joined  the  brigade. 

The  forces  which  remained  along  the  line  of  the  Rappa- 
hannock,  after  the  withdrawal  of  the  Army  of  the  Potomac, 
had  been  placed,  as  before  stated,  under  the  command  of 
General  McDowell,  and  on  the  4th  of  April  the  Department 
of  the  Rappahannock  had  been  created,  and  that  general 
placed  in  command,  his  troops  being  designated  as  the  First 
Corps.  At  the  same  time,  General  Banks  had  been  assigned 
to  the  new  Department  of  the  Shenandoah.  While  the  NINTH 
was  at  Falmouth,  certain  changes  took  place  in  the  organiza 
tion  of  the  troops  and  the  "  Light  Brigade  "  ceased  to  exist  in 
name.  The  division  was  now  under  the  command  of  General 
E.  O.  C.  Ord,  and  consisted  of  three  brigades,  under  Generals 
Ricketts,  Hartsuff  and  Duryea. 

It  had  been  the  intention  of  the  President,  that  as  soon  as 
matters  were  quiet  in  front  of  Washington,  and  in  the  Shen 
andoah  Valley,  to  send  General  McDowell  with  the  First 
Corps  to  join  General  McClellan,  from  whose  army  McDowell 
had  been  retained  when  the  balance  went  to  the  Peninsula, 
and  on  the  ijth,  McDowell  received  orders  to  prepare  for  the 
movement  that  would  connect  his  left  with  the  right  of 
McClellan's  army,  then  under  General  Fitz-John  Porter  at 
Hanover  Court  House.  Had  this  movement  been  carried 
out,  perhaps,  the  Peninsular  Campaign  might  have  had  a  more 
auspicious  ending.  In  preparation  for  the  movement, 


I3O  THE    NINTH    NEW    YORK. 

McDowell's  troops  were  stripped  for  fighting ;  the  number  of 
regimental  wagons  were  reduced  to  five,  and  the  men  ordered 
to  pack  up  all  surplus  clothing,  retaining  only  the  most  neces 
sary  articles,  and  the  baggage  was  sent  to  the  rear.  The  Sib- 
ley  tents  were  also  replaced  by  pieces  of  cotton  cloth,  about 
four  feet  square,  and  which  were  known  as  D'Aubre  or  shel 
ter  tents.  Each  man  was  to  carry  one-half — one  piece — of  the 
tent,  so  that  two  men,  by  buttoning  the  pieces  together  and 
stretching  them  over  a  low  ridge  pole,  might  find  some  sort  of 
Si  shelter. 

On  the  morning  of  the  2Oth  General  McDowell  reviewed 
the  brigade,  which  now  consisted,  besides  the  NINTH,  of  the 
Twelfth  and  Thirteenth  Massachusetts  and  the  Eleventh 
Pennsylvania.  In  order  to  accustom  the  men  to  rapid  move 
ments,  and  to  become  expert  in  striking  and  pitching  their 
little  shelter  tents,  they  were^  frequently  ordered  into  line  in 
heavy  marching  order,  put  through  short  marches  in  the 
vicinity,  and  then  ordered  to  pitch  tents  again.  With  green 
troops,  fresh  from  home,  this,  no  doubt,  would  have  been  a  good 
method  to  pursue ;  but  men  who  had  been  in  the  field  for  a 
year  thought  it  savored  of  persecution  and  a  desire  to  grind 
them  down.  They  were  perfectly  willing  to  be  led  against 
the  enemy,  and  would  have  undergone  any  hardships  necessary 
to  that  end,  but  they  objected  to  expending  their  energy  in 
such — to  them — senseless  "drill."  During  the  afternoon  of 
the  2ist,  under  a  burning  hot  sun,  the  brigade  was  put  through 
a  three  hours'  drill  in  this  heavy  marching  order.  Fortunately 
none  of  the  men  were  prostrated  by  this  uncalled-for  trial  of 
their  endurance.  The  next  clay  opened  with  every  indication 
of  rain  ;  it  came  down  about  nine  o'clock,  just  after  company 
drill.  Never  was  it  more  gladly  hailed  by  the  men,  for  they 
knew  that  it  would  prevent  a  repetition  of  the  drill  of  the  day 
before.  They  caught  it  on  the  23rd,  however,  for  the  "assem 
bly  "  beat  at  six  o'clock,  and  a  good  day's  drill  was  performed 
before  the  sun  was  high.  Before  the  men  were  dismissed  it 
was  announced  that  in  the  afternoon  McDowell's  Corps  would 
be  reviewed  by  the  President.  This  news  put  all  in  good 


1862  REVIEWED    BY    PRESIDENT    LINCOLN.  131 

humor,  for  the  men  honored  and  revered  Abraham  Lincoln. 
Never  was  a  march  to  the  reviewing  ground  begun  with  more 
willingness — even  eagerness — than  that  in  honor  of  the  beloved 
President,  the  Commander-in-Chief  of  the  Army  and  Navy  of 
the  United  States.  Each  man  was  proud  of  the  opportunity 
of  testifying  to  the  Head  of  the  Nation  that  he  was  with  him, 
heart  and  soul,  in  the  great  undertaking,  and  as  regiment  after 
regiment  passed  by  the  reviewing  point,  three  solid  cheers 
rang  out  from  each.  It  was  hoped  that  this  reception  might 
add  at  least  a  temporary  joy  to  the  sad  heart,  and  serve  some 
what  to  lighten  the  great  burden  of  care  which  was  carried  so 
manfully  to  the  end  of  the  struggle. 

Captain  Claassen,  who  had  been  serving  for  some  time  as 
Asst.  Inspector-General  on  General  Banks'  Staff,  resigned  on 
the  22nd.  In  the  fall  he  re-entered  the  service  as  Colonel  of 
the  1 32nd  N.  Y.  Vols. 

He  entered  the  militia  as  a  member  of  the  New  York 
"  Light  Guard,"  in  1857  ;  became  Drill-Sergeant  in  1858.  In 
1860,  he  was  elected  a  member  of  the  City  Guard,  Company 
C,  of  the  NINTH.  When  the  regiment  left  for  the  seat  of  war, 
he  was  in  Europe,  and  on  his  return  began  to  organize  Com 
pany  I,  of  which  he  was  elected  Captain. 

The  24th  opened  with  indications  of  rain,  and  it  was  hoped 
the  daily  drill  in  heavy  marching  order  would  be  postponed— 
not  so,  however.  Two  days'  rations  were  issued  and  extra  am 
munition  distributed,  and  when  the  tramp  began  it  was  thought 
that  the  enemy  was  the  objective,  but  the  march  led  to  Belle 
Plain  on  the  Potomac  ;  after  a  short  rest  there,  the  column 
countermarched  back  to  camp  in  a  pouring  rain-storm,  and.  as 
a  further  "  seasoning,"  the  men  received  a  thorough  drenching. 

Affairs  in  the  Valley  were  now  in  such  a  critical  condition, 
that  President  Lincoln  suspended  the  order  for  McDowell's 
movement  to  unite  with  the  Army  of  the  Potomac,  and  instead 
of  that,  ordered  a  portion  of  the  First  Corps  to  be  sent  to  the 
help  of  Banks  and  Fremont.  Shields'  division,  which  had  only 
reached  Catlett's  Station  a  day  or  two  before,  was  hurried 
back  again  to  the  Valley,  and  on  the  25th,  Ord's  division 


132  THE    NINTH    NEW    YORK.  May 

followed.  The  NINTH  left  camp  at  four  o'clock  in  the  after 
noon,  loaded  with  three  days'  rations,  and  marched  with  few 
halts  until  two  o'clock  the  following  morning,  when  the  Poto 
mac  was  reached.  At  daylight,  and  while  waiting  the  arrival 
of  the  rest  of  the  division,  many  of  the  men  improved  the 
opportunity  to  bathe  in  the  river.  At  seven  o'clock  the 
NINTH,  with  the  Twelfth  Massachusetts,  were  conveyed  by 
the  ferry  boat  Eagle  to  the  steamer  Vanderbilt  which  lay  in 
the  stream  ;  the  other  regiments  of  the  brigade  embarked  on 
the  Hudson  River  steamboats,  North  America  and  South 
America.  The  Vanderbilt  had  only  gone  as  far  up  the  river 
as  Indian  Head  when  she  ran  aground,  and,  despite  the  efforts 
of  tugs  to  pull  her  off,  she  remained  fast.  An  accident — which 
fortunately  was  not  attended  with  serious  consequences- 
occurred  on  board  :  Private  James  Pettit,  of  Company  I, 
while  half  asleep  walked  overboard  ;  an  alarm  was  instantly 
raised  and  a  boat  lowered  ;  Pettit,  thoroughly  awakened  by 
his  sudden  plunge  into  the  water,  managed  to  paddle  about 
until  rescued,  and  was  soon  brought  on  board  thoroughly 
scared  by  his  misadventure,  but  happy  in  his  safe  deliverance. 
At  eight  o'clock  the  next  morning,  the  27th,  the  steamer 
Red  Jacket  took  off  the  NINTH,  while  the  Parthenia  received 
the  Twelfth,  and  the  voyage  was  resumed.  The  sail  up  the 
historic  stream  was  much  enjoyed.  Mount  Vernon  was  an 
object  of  special  interest,  but,  owing  to  the  dense  foliage  the 
Home  of  Washington  could  barely  be  seen — a  great  disap 
pointment  to  all  on  board.  While  passing  Fort  Washington, 
the  band  played  and  the  men  shouted  and  cheered  to  the  gar 
rison.  Alexandria  was  reached  at  noon,  and,  eluding  the 
officers,  a  large  number  of  the  men  found  their  way  into  the 
city,  many  of  whom  soon  became  oblivious  to  their  duty,  so 
that,  at  half-past  seven  in  the  evening,  when  the  regiment  was 
ordered  on  board  the  cars,  less  than  half  the  men  were  in  line. 
The  train  reached  Manassas  Junction  a  little  after  midnight, 
the  men  remaining  in  the  cars  till  daylight,  when  the  regiment 
was  marched  about  two  miles  and  camped.  Most  of  the 
stragglers  arrived  during  the  day,  and  the  records  show  that 


1S62  GAINESVILLE FRONT    ROYAL.  133 

they  were  punished  for  their  unsoldierly  conduct.  In  extenu 
ation  of  this  breach  of  discipline,  it  must  be  borne  in  mind 
that  this  was  the  anniversary  of  the  departure  of  the  regiment 
for  the  seat  of  war.  The  men  had  no  battle  anniversary  to 
celebrate  as  yet,  and  the  leaving  home  was  about  the  most  im 
portant  event  in  their  military  history. 

At  six  o'clock  on  the  morning  of  the  2Qth,  tents  were 
struck,  and  shortly  after  the  division  was  on  the  march. 
Upon  nearing  Gainesville  cars  were  found  in  waiting,  upon 
which  the  men  embarked,  but  on  reaching  a  stream  it  was 
found  that  the  bridge  was  destroyed,  and  they  were  obliged 
to  foot  it  again.  Bivouac  for  the  night  was  formed  within  a 
mile  of  Thoroughfare  Gap  in  the  Bull  Run  mountains.  Six 
o'clock  the  next  morning  found  the  column  in  motion.  The 
villages  of  White  Plains  and  Salem  were  passed,  and  a  halt 
was  ordered  within  two  miles  of  Piedmont  Station.  The  day 
was  one  of  the  hottest  the  men  had  ever  experienced,  but  the 
air  was  somewhat  cooled  in  the  afternoon  by  a  heavy  shower. 
Reveille  was  beaten  at  three  o'clock  in  the  morning  of  the 
3 ist,  and  the  march  resumed  at  five.  Upon  arriving  at  Pied 
mont,  knapsacks  were  left  behind,  and  three  days'  rations 
issued.  The  roads  were  rough  and  frequently  crossed  by 
deep  streams,  through  which  the  men  were  obliged  to  wade— 
the  water  often  reached  as  high  as  the  hips.  The  march  was 
a  forced  one  and  was  continued  until  about  eight  in  the  even 
ing  ;  when,  after  a  tiresome  tramp  of  twenty-one  miles — and 
for  two  or  three  hours  in  a  pouring  rain-storm — Front  Royal 
was  reached.  It  was  a  wet  bivouac  that  night,  for  the  rain 
continued  to  pour  down  incessantly. 

After  a  particularly  heavy  thunder  shower  in  the  early 
morning  of  Sunday,  June  ist,  the  day  broke  bright  and  clear. 
The  picturesque  mountain  scenery — all  nature  looking  refreshed 
after  the  rain — was  some  recompense  for  the  discomforts  of  the 
march  and  bivouac.  To  the  sound  of  heavy  cannonading  the 
troops  fell  into  line  at  ten  o'clock,  marched  about  a  mile 
beyond  the  town  and  formed  line  of  battle,  remaining  thus 
about  two  hours,  after  which  the  shelters  were  pitched  for  the 


134  THfi    NINTH    NEW    YORK.  June 

night.  The  division  of  General  Shields — that  old  hero  carry 
ing  his  arm  in  a  sling,  the  wound  received  at  Kernstown  on 
March  23rd,  still  troubling  him — passed  the  NINTH  during  the 
afternoon,  and  the  column  was  most  vociferously  cheered. 
During  the  night  it  rained  hard  ;  the  camp  was  deluged  with 
water  which  trickled  through  the  thin  shelter  tents  and  formed 
little  puddles  wherever  the  men  lay  down. 

Many  of  the  members  of  the  NINTH  will  recall  the  wild  and 
picturesque  view  obtained  while  crossing  one  of  the  streams 
on  a  railroad  bridge  during  the  march.  The  water  fell  over  a 
ledge,  a  sheer  descent  of  over  two  hundred  feet,  forming  one 
of  the  most  romantic  waterfalls  in  the  country,  while  on  either 
side  the  mountains  seemed  to  tower  to  the  very  clouds. 

A  brief  resume  of  Jackson's  operations  in  the  Valley  during 
the  past  few  days  will  serve  to  explain  matters  :  On  the  24th  of 
May,  Banks  was  driven  from  the  Valley  towards  the  Potomac, 
which  he  soon  after  crossed,  leaving  a  small  force  at  Harper's 
Ferry  under  the  protection  of  the  batteries  on  Maryland 
Heights.  By  the  25th  the  Government  was  thoroughly  alarmed, 
fearing  the  intrepid  Jackson  would  cross  the  Potomac  and  march 
on  Washington  from  the  west  and  north.  Telegraphic  mes 
sages  were  sent  to  the  Governors  of  the  Northern  States,  call 
ing  for  militia  to  hurry  to  the  defence  of  the  Capital,  and 
within  twenty-four  hours  nearly  half  a  million  men  were  offered 
for  that  purpose.  On  the  28th  Jackson  advanced  on  Harper's 
Ferry,  and,  leaving  a  strong  rear  guard  there  under  Ewell  to 
hold  the  Union  forces  in  check,  he  then  turned  about  with  his 
main  force  and  began  a  rapid  retreat  up  the  Valley.  His 
object  had  been  accomplished.  He  had  thoroughly  frightened 
the  Government,  and  prevented  reinforcements  being  sent  to 
McClellan,  and  now  it  was  time  for  him  to  get  out  of  the  way 
before  the  troops,  hurrying  to  cut  him  off,  should  bar  his 
retreat.  On  the  night  of  the  3ist  Jackson  was  at  Strasburg, 
while  Fremont,  who  was  operating  on  the  west  side  of  the  Val 
ley,  had  only  reached  a  point  nine  miles  northwest  of  that  place. 
Shields  had  expected  General  John  C.  Fremont  to  be  at  Stras 
burg  on  the  3Oth,  while  he  (Shields)  would  reach  Front  Royal 


IS62  ATTEMPT    TO    HEAD    OFF    JACKSON.  135 

at  the  same  time,  and  thereby  cut  the  enemy  off.  Shields' 
advance  reached  Front  Royal  on  time,  but  as  Fremont  failed 
to  cooperate,  Jackson  slipped  through.  The  Union  troops 
pressed  on  in  pursuit,  however,  but  it  was  a  stern  chase,  and 
Jackson  succeeded  in  inflicting  severe  punishment  upon  his 
adversaries  before  leaving  them. 

The  morning  of  the  2nd  was  cloudy,  and  soon  a  heavy  rain 
began  to  fall,  but  at  one  P.  M.  the  NINTH  marched  towards 
Strasburg,  about  three  miles,  and  then  bivouacked  in  the  wctods. 
The  next  morning  the  march  was  resumed,  and  after  a  five- 
mile  tramp  the  command  pitched  their  tents  on  a  hill  between 
the  north  and  south  forks  of  the  Shenandoah.  For  the  first 
time  in  a  long  while  rations  of  fresh  meat  were  issued,  and  the 
men  thought  they  fared  sumptuously.  Camp  speculators  had 
introduced  large  quantities  of  counterfeit  Confederate  cur 
rency,  which  was  always  cheerfully  accepted  by  the  inhabitants 
—many  of  whom  preferred  it  to  U.  S.  greenbacks,  and  as  the 
men  bought  the  spurious  bills  at  a  very  cheap  rate — about  a 
hundred  for  one — they  were  prodigal  in  the  expenditures  among 
the  farmers,  and  enjoyed  many  a  good  square  meal  at  a  very 
small  cost.  Rail  fences  and  lumber  were  plenty,  and  the  men 
made  themselves  comfortable  shelters  for  the  day  and  night  at 
this  place. 

On  this  day,  the  advance  of  Shields'  division  reached  Port 
Republic  before  Jackson,  but  the  latter  forced  his  way  by 
and  continued  the  retreat.  It  is  not  our  province  to  follow 
Jackson  further  during  this  campaign  ;  suffice  it  to  say,  that  he 
exhibited  as  much  good  generalship  in  his  retreat  as  during 
the  advance,  and.  after  whipping  Fremont  at  Cross  Keys  and  a 
portion  of  Shields'  division  at  Port  Republic  on  the  8th,  the 
pursuit  was  abandoned.  Jackson  returned  to  Lee's  army  on 
the  Peninsula  where  he  rendered  efficient  service  during  the 
later  battles  there.  We  shall  see  and  hear  more  of  him  in  a 
little  while. 

The  long-continued  rains  had  raised  the  rivers  and  smaller 
streams  to  overflowing,  and  endangered  the  few  bridges  that 
the  enemy  had  not  destroyed.  On  the  morning  of  the  4th, 


136  THE    NINTH    NEW    YORK.  June 


while  it  Wa.3  still  raining,  the  brigade  recrossed  the  Shenan- 
doah  and  marched  to  Front  Royal,  thence  to  the  railroad  sta 
tion  to  obtain  the  knapsacks  left  at  Piedmont,  and  which  had 
been  brought  forward  by  rail  ;  they  were  found  thoroughly 
soaked  by  the  rain,  and  a  number  of  them  rifled  of  their  contents. 
On  the  5th,  the  bridge  at  FVont  Royal  was  carried  off  by  the 
flood,  and  several  of  the  NINTH,  who  had  been  left  on  duty  on 
the  western  bank,  were  temporarily  cut  off.  The  regiment  was 
destined  to  remain  here  for  some  time.  On  pleasant  days 
many  of  the  men  visited  the  town,  and  inasmuch  as  the  inhao- 
itants  had  the  reputation  of  being  well  disposed  towards 
Union  soldiers,  they  were  kindly  treated  in  return,  and  their 
property  respected.  On  the  7th,  General  James  B.  Ricketts 
relieved  General  Ord  of  the  command  of  the  division. 

Although  the  members  of  the  NINTH  were  generally 
healthy,  and  stood  well  the  hardships  and  privations  of  the 
march,  there  were  a  number  of  serious  cases  of  sickness.  On 
Sunday,  the  8th,  a  board  of  surgeons  made  an  examination 
of  the  worst  cases,  and  a  few  discharges  were  granted.  The 
next  day  the  discharged  men,  together  with  some  officers  who 
had  resigned,  left  for  home.  In  the  evening  it  was  discovered 
that  a  number  of  men,  among  whom  were  two  from  the  band, 
had  deserted,  and  it  was  supposed  they  had  accompanied  the 
discharged  men  to  New  York. 

Owing  to  the  long  rest  at  this  place  many  of  the  men  were 
getting  quite  restless,  and  the  chronic  bummers  absented  them 
selves  so  frequently,  for  the  purpose  of  prowling  about  the 
country,  that  stringent  orders  against  such  a  breach  of  military 
discipline  were  issued.  The  troops  were  supposed  to  be  always 
under  orders  to  move  at  a  moment's  notice,  and  the  absence  of 
any  considerable  number  from  camp  v/ould  have  been  an  unfor 
tunate  occurrence,  had  the  regiment  been  suddenly  called  upon 
to  move.  On  the  i3th,  Duryea's  brigade  left  Front  Royal, 
leaving  only  the  other  two  and  a  few  of  Banks'  troops  on  the 
opposite  side  of  the  river.  The  water  was  still  very  high  and 
several  men  lost  their  lives  while  endeavoring  to  cross.  The 

o 

NINTH    picketed     Rattlesnake    Mountain,    the    scene    of    the 


"HARTSUFFS    PLUNDERS.  137 

bloody  encounter  on  the  23rd  of  May,  between  the  two  First 
Maryland  regiments — one  Union,  the  other  Confederate. 

On  Sunday,  the  1 5th,  the  NINTH  received  a  lecture  from 
General  Hartsuff,  in  general  orders,  read  that  evening  at  dress- 
parade  :  "  *  '  That  in  future  there  must  be  less  falling  out  of 
the  men  upon  the  march,  and  less  of  individual  foraging." 
The  men  considered  this  a  poor  return  for. the  efficient  service 
they  had  rendered,  and  in  order  to  show  their  disapprobation 
of  the  order,  a  torch-light  procession  was  arranged,  and  among 
the  transparencies  carried  was  one  bearing  the  inscription, 
"  Hartsuff's  Plunderers."  On  Monday  the  obnoxious  order 
Avas  the  topic  of  general  conversation,  and  General  Hartsuff 
was  severely  criticised  for  his  undeserved  rebuke. 

At  six  o'clock  in  the  morning  of  the  i  7th  tents  were  struck, 
and  at  nine  the  two  brigades  boarded  trains  of  platform  cars 
and  journeyed  east,  arriving  at  Manassas  Junction  late  in  the 
afternoon  ;  then,  marching  a  couple  of  miles  from  the  station, 
went  into  camp.  The  ride  over  the  mountains  was  a  pleasant 
one,  and  the  change  of  view,  with  every  turn  in  the  railroad, 
was  much  enjoyed.  An  unfortunate  accident,  resulting  in  the 
death  of  George  L.  Fream,  of  Company  C,  who  had  been  de 
tailed  for  special  duty  at  General  Hartsuff's  headquarters, 
occurred,  during  the  i8th.  Fream  fell  from  a  moving  car,  the 
wheels  passing  over  his  legs  and  necessitating  amputation  ;  he 
did  not  survive  the  operation. 

When  the  division  left  the  Valley  to  the  care  of  Generals 
Banks  and  Fremont,  it  was  expected  that  the  long-deferred 
march  to  join  the  Army  of  the  Potomac  would  be  made.  On 
the  loth  General  McDowell  had  written  General  McClellan  : 
"  *  *  *  For  the  third  time  I  am  ordered  to  join  you.  *  *  *  Mc- 
Call's  division  goes  by  water.  *  *  Hope  to  be  with  you  in  ten 
days."  On  the  i2th  he  wrote  that  the  delay  of  Banks  to  re 
lieve  Ricketts'  division  in  the  Valley  caused  his  delay  in  join 
ing  the  Army  of  the  Potomac  on  the  Peninsula.  McCall's  di 
vision  was  the  only  force  that  left  McDowell's  corps. 

On  the  iQth,  two  members  of  the  NINTH  had  a  narrow  es 
cape.  While  upon  a  train,  the  cars  were  precipitated  into  Bull 


138  THE    NINTH    NEW    YORK.  June 

Run  through  a  weak  bridge.  The  same  day  the  body  of  Pri 
vate  Fream  was  forwarded  to  New  York,  accompanied  by  his 
father  and  Joshua  C.  Hall,  of  Company  C. 

Captain  Prescott,  having  resigned,  also  left  by  the  same 
train,  the  members  of  Company  C  cheering  him  roundly  as  he 
departed.  During  the  day  President  Lincoln  and  Secretary 
Stanton  visited  the  troops  at  Manassas. 

As  opportunity  offered,  many  of  the  men  visited  the  old 
battle-field  of  Bull  Run.  The  bodies  of  many  of  the  Union 
soldiers  had  been  so  hastily  buried  that  the  ghastly  remains 
were,  in  many  cases,  exposed  to  view,  as  the  bones  lay  bleach 
ing  in  the  sun.  The  graves  of  the  Confederates  were  well 
cared  for,  and  had  but  recently  been  decorated  with  flowers  by 
the  people  of  the  vicinity. 

As  the  weather  became. settled  the  usual  round  of  company, 
battalion  and  brigade  drill  was  resumed. 

Sunday,  the  22nd,  orders  read  at  dress-parade  prohibited 
enlisted  men  from  carrying  pistols  or  revolvers,  and  they  were 
told  that  during  a  battle  they  must  rely  wholly  upon  their 
muskets  and  bayonets.  For  general  information  the  Eighty- 
third  Article  of  War  was  also  read. 

The  next  day  the  brigade  marched  about  a  mile  from  camp 
for  the  purpose  of  drill,  but  a  severe  rain-storm  caused  a  sus 
pension.  The  men  were  hurried  back  to  camp  and  found  that 
their  poor  shelters  were  utterly  inadequate  for  the  purpose  ; 
that  everything  within  was  soaked  with  water.  The  storm 
continued  all  the  next  day,  the  24th,  but  on  Wednesday  it 
cleared  off  and  a  battalion  drill  was  held  in  the  afternoon, 
and  on  Thursday  the  brigade  was  put  through  a  series  of 
evolutions. 

On  the  2/th,  General  Shields'  division  departed  by  rail  for 
Alexandria. 

On  the  28th,  Lieutenant  James  H  Stevens  and  First  Ser 
geant  Cyrus  C.  Hubbard,  having  been  appointed  Captain  and 
Second  Lieutenant,  respectively,  of  Company  C,  they  assumed 
their  new  duties,  much  to  the  satisfaction  of  all  the  members. 
On  the  3Oth,  the  brigade  was  inspected  by  General  Hartsuff. 


1862  A    PEEP    BEHIND    THE    CURTAIN.  139 

Quartermaster  Henry  L.  Stevens  died  in  New  York  on  the 
2ist  of  consumption,  and  was  buried  in  Greenwood.  He  had 
gone  home  but  a  short  time  before,  on  sick  leave,  hoping  to 
recover  his  health,  and  his  death  was  unexpected  His  many 
good  qualities  had  endeared  him  to  his  associates.  Lieutenant 
A.  Martin  Burtis,  of  Company  L.,  who  had  been  acting  Quarter 
master,  was  appointed  to  fill  the  vacancy. 

LETTERS: 

May  4,  '62. 

I  am  sitting  back  of  my  tent  writing  and  watching  the  Twelfth  and  Sixteenth 
Indiana  regiments,  whose  time  has  expired  and  they  are  getting  ready  for  home.  It 
will  make  our  picket  duty  harder ;  we  sent  two  extra  companies  to-day,  besides  one 
company  on  duty  at  brigade  hospital,  and  details  for  guarding  cattle,  commissary 
stores,  etc.  If  we  don't  get  any  fighting,  we  get  plenty  of  hard  work.  *  *  *  It 
makes  us  mad  to  think  we  are  kept  back  always.  They  should  put  the  new  regiments 
at  such  work  and  give  us  some  of  the  righting  to  do,  and  let  us  win  some  of  the  ^lory. 
I  was  on  camp  guard  the  other  night  just  back  of  the tent ;  there  were  several  exca 
vations  on  my  post,  filled  with  water.  Our  countersign  was  "  Falling  Waters."  My 
relief  came  at  two  o'clock.  I  halted  him,  and,  as  he  advanced  to  give  the  countersign, 
he  said  •"  Falling,"  and  went  in  up  to  his  neck.  I  had  to  laugh,  but  when  I  did  the 
-same  thing,  soon  after,  I  concluded  it  was  no  joke.. 

Camp  Stanton,  Catlett's  Station, 
May  6,  '62 

*  *     *     We  get  awful  drills  now  that  we  have  a  fine  ground.     This  morning  we 
had  two  hours'  of  bayonet  drill,  and  this  P.  M.  the  Colonel  thought  we  needed  exercise;  so 
gave  us  a  battalion  drill  that  lasted  three  hours;  then  gave  us  fifteen  minutes   to  get 
ready  for  dress-parade.     Healthy  !  but  I  prefer   smaller  doses.     *     *     *  I  enclose  a 
picture  of  our  tent  which  one  of  the  boys  made  for  me  ;  twenty-one  of  us  live  there. 

May  9,  '62, 

*  *     *     My  post  last  night  was  very  lonely,  besides  being  the  outside  one,  Lxcept 
a  mounted  picket,  and  he  gave  me  more  trouble  than  all  the  rebs.  did.     Will  give  you  a 
little  history  of  to-day's  doings.     Reveille  woke  us  at  five  ;  got  up,  and  could  only  find 
one  shoe,  so  I  hobbled  out,  got  into  line   and  answered  to  my  name  ;  then  went  back 
and  found  the  said  shoe  laid  carefully  under   my  knapsack  ;   then   took  soap  and  towel 
and  went  to  the  brook  to  bathe.     I  was  just  going  to  say  combed  my  hair,  but  don't 
possess  any,  which  is  a  great  comfort.     Then    got  breakfast, — coffee  and  crackers ;  eat 

hearty.     Then  W ,  my  partner  and  bedfellow — we  are  partners  in  everything — for 

instance — we  have  one  can  to  get  our  food   in,  and  get  coffee  in  same  ;  one  double  and 
one  single  blanket ;  we  lay  our  rubber  blanket  down  first,  then  our  double  blanket,  and 
get  inside,  then  draw  our  single  one  over  us.     You  see  the  firm  is  in  straightened  cir 
cumstances.     Says   he    to    me,  "  L ,  don't    let   us  drill  to-day,    but  take   writing 

material  and  go  in  the  woods  and   write."     I  agreed.     He  put  a  rubber  blanket  under 
his  coat  and  we  took  our  portfolios  and  started.     We  past  the  guard  very  easily,  as  one 


I4O  THE    NINTH    NEW    YORK.  June 

of  our  own  company  was  on  that  post,  he  turned  his  back,  so  of  course  did  not  see  us.. 
\Ve  found  a  beautiful  place  under  a  huge  oak  tree,  have  spread  our  blankets,  taken  off 
our  coats,  and  lay  down,  writing.  I've  dug  a  hole  to  put  the  bottle  of  ink  in  so  it  will 
not  get  upset.  We  can  see  everything  going  on  in  camp,  and  hear  the  music  plainly. 
Now  our  regiment  are  mounting  guard  ;  then  each  company  must  drill  one  hour  and  a 
half,  while  we  laugh  at  them  ;  but  the  laugh  will  be  on  the  other  side  when  we  get 

back.    "  W and  W ,"  calls  out  the  orderly,  "  On  guard  to-morrow.     We  try  to 

look  innocent  as  sheep  while  we  ask,  What  for?  "  Missing  drill."  We  say,  All  right. 
I'd  be  willing  to  do  a  week's  guard  duty  for  one  perfect  day  of  rest  like  this. 

Fa  [month,  Opposite  Fredericksbnrg . 

Have  just  arrived.  It  has  rained  since  we  started.  Yesterday  had  the  most  fatigu 
ing  march  we  ever  had.  It  was  terribly  warm,  and  we  were  marched  18  miles,  so  we 
could  report  to  McDowell  to-day.  Our  men  fell  all  along  the  road  for  seven  miles, 
completely  exhausted.  We  started  yesterday 'morning  with  800  men,  and  came  into 
camp  with  156.  Our  company  did  as  well  as  any,  started  with  82,  and  came  in  with 
24.  One  came  in  with  5.  We  suffered  greatly  for  (want  of)  water.  I  left  the  ranks 
on  account  of  sickness.  Could  have  ridden  in  the  ambulance,  but  preferred  march 
ing  with  the  boys.  I  fell  out  twice,  and  it  made  my  heart  ache  to  see  the  boys  lay 
along  the  road,  suffering  from  heat. 

May  15,  '62 

We  saw  a  circle  round  the  moon,  (last  night>  first  red,  then  green,  then  it  turned  to 
the  prettiest  red,  white  and  blue.  First  a  circle  of  red,  then  one  of  white,  then  one 
of  blue.  The  guard  waked  us  up  to  look  at  it,  and  we  stayed  up  nearly  all  night.  I 
have  not  been  well  for  a  week  past,  but  am  better  now.  \Ve  are  enjoying  starvation 
again.  It's  rough  going  out  in  the  rain,  but  it's  for  the  Union,  so  I  won't  complain.. 
The  sun  has  just  put  in  an  appearance. 

May  1 8 — Sunday — '62 

Our  company  did  not  go  to  (divine)  service  this  morning,  and  had  to  listen  to  the 
reading  of  Articles  of  War,  as  punishment.  *  *  * 

Front  Royal,  June  6,  '62. 

This  is  the  first  time  I  have  had  a  chance  to  write  for  two  weeks,  and  now  am  on 
guard,  and  my  relief  goes  on  next.  Have  suffered  terribly  since  we  left  Falmouth  , 
marched  day  and  night,  with  but  little  rest,  and  it  has  rained  six  days.  Nothing  but 
hard-tack  to  eat,  and  only  half  enough  of  that.  Jackson  is  surrounded,  and  must  fight 
or  surrender.  *  *  *  Took  cars  from  Alexandria  to  Manassas,  then  commenced  march 
ing,  and  most  likely  will  inarch  on  to  the  end  of  the  war.  General  Shields  is  with  us,. 
Banks  above,  Fremont  to  the  right,  Blenker  to  the  left,  and  Jackson,  the  rebel,  some 
where  among  us.  *  *  *  Our  prisoners  say  they  are  not  afraid  of  McDowell,  and  if 
they  get  at  him  again  will  whip  him  worse  than  at  Bull  Run  '61  We  are  hoping  the 
great  battle  will  take  place  soon,  and  near,  for  if  they  march  us  to  Richmond  this  hot 
weather,  we  will  "  done  gone,  suah." 

June  13,  '62 

Our  company  has  a  good  thing  just  now — guarding  cattle  belonging  to  our  bri 
gade.  We  are  detached  from  the  regiment  at  present  and  quartered  in  a  secesh  flour 
mill.  In  the  day-time  the  cavalry  take  them  out  to  graze,  and  we  take  care  of  them 
nights.  Fifty-two  wagons  of  wounded  were  brought  here  this  morning  from  General 
Shields'  division;  he  ordered  one  of  his  colonels  to  advance  behind  Jackson  and  burn  a 
bridge,  so  as  to  cut  off  and  capture  his  wagon  train  which  was  on  this  side.  The  officer 


i862  A  SOLDIERS  LIFE  DESCRIBED.  141 

crossed  the  bridge  and  attacked  Jackson,  whose  force  was  about  twelve  times  as  large 
as  his,  and  of  course  he  got  badly  whipped.  Fremont  arrived  just  in  time  to  save 
them  from  being  wiped  out.  These  poor  fellows  have  to  suffer  for  the  blunders  of 
incompetent  officers.  *  *  *  We  are  living  good  now,  having  plenty  of  fresh  meat, 
but  somehow  I  feel  better  after  hard-tack  and  bacon  than  if  I  eat  fresh  meat.  *  *  * 
We  have  not  had 'a  mail  in  some  time  and  no  papers,  and  1  think  we  are  the  dumbest 
set  in  the  Union  army.  One  day,  it  is  said,  Richmond  is  taken  ;  the  next  day  it  ain't ; 
then  Corinth  is  evacuated,  then  it  ain't ;  and  so  it  is  with  the  reports  we  get.  You 
would  not  know  the  N.  Y.  gth.  We  left  home  a  very  decent-looking  regiment,  nicely 
uniformed,  and  looked  well  ;  but  now  it  makes  me  laugh  to  look  around  ;  sunburnt 
faces,  ragged  uniforms,  big  shoes,  all  sorts  of  head  covering.  Some  have  thrown  away 
their  knapsacks  and  wear  their  blankets  tied  round  their  bodies.  You  would  laugh  to 
see  us  on  the  march.  One  man  will  have  a  gridiron  strapped  on  his  back,  one  a  pail, 
another  a  coffee  pot.  Each  company  has  to  carry  four  axes,  four  picks,  taking  turns 
to  carry  them.  Some  of  the  boys  are  discouraged,  but  I'm  getting  "  mad,"  and  am 
determined  to  see  this  affair  out  (unless  a  bullet  or  sickness  interferes),  if  it  takes  ten 
years. 

Manassas,  June  18,  '62 

Yesterday  at  Front  Royal.  The  rebs.  are  jubliar.t  over  what  they  call  Jackson's 
victory  over  McDowell,  Banks  and  Shields'  combined  forces,  but  only  Shields'  force 
was  engaged.  The  remnants  of  his  men  were  in  a  miserable  condition  when  they 
reached  us — ragged,  dirty,  barefoot  and  hungry.  We  took  in  all  we  could  and 
divided  what  we  had  with  them.  They  are  heroes  !  I  talked  with  many  of  them  who 
were  in  the  fight ;  they  said  it  was  terrible.  The  Union  men  were  outnumbered  10  to 
i,  but  kept  the  enemy  back  more  than  an  hour,  and  finally,  finding  it  was  useless  to 
sacrifice  more  men,  retreated  across  the  bridge,  planted  two  guns,  filled  them  to  the 
muzzles,  and  when  the  rebels  filled  the  bridge,  discharged  them,  completely  clearing 
it.  This  was  their  parting  salute.  *  *  * 


142  THE    NINTH    NEW    YORK.  July 


CHAPTER  VIII. 

POPE'S  CAMPAIGN  TO  AUGUST  i8TH. 

General  John  Pope  Assumes  Command  of  the  Army  of  Virginia.— Failure  of  the 
Peninsular  Campaign.— Celebrating  the  Fourth  of  July.— Marching  Orders.— 
Warrenton.— Provost  Duty.-Pope's  Address  to  the  Army.— The  NINTH  in 
Charge  of  the  "  Department  of  Public  Works."— Journalistic  Enterprise.  — "  The 
New  York  NINTH."— Amusements.-  To  the  Front.— Sulphur  Springs.— Culpeper 
—Battle  of  Cedar  Mountain.— The  NINTH  during  the  Night.— Burying  the  Dead! 
— Arrival  of  Reenforcements. — "  Whisky  and  Powder." — Departure  of  the  Band. 
— The  Secret  Service. 

F  ULY  opened  with  bright  prospects  for  a  vigorous,  aggressive 
campaign   on  the  part  of  the  Union   forces  in  Northern 
Virginia. 

The  following  had  been  telegraphed  to  General  Halleck  : 

War  Department,  June  il,  1862. 
MAJOR-GENERAL  HALLECK,  CORINTH  : 

The  exigencies  of  the  service,  in  the  President's  opinion,  absolutely  require  that 
General  Pope  should  be  assigned  to  a  command  here.  It  is  hoped  that  among  the 
number  of  able  generals  in  your  command  that  you  can  spare  him  without  inconven 
ience.  *  *  * 

EDWIN  M.  STAXTON. 

Major  General  John  Pope,  who  had  won  high  renown  in 
the  West,  as  an  able  and  successful  commander,  and  having 
been  called  to  Washington  in  obedience  to  above  request,  was 
placed  in  command  of  the  heretofore  widely  separated  corps  of 
Fremont,  Banks  and  McDowell  ;  the  new  combination  beino- 

c> 

designated  "  The  Army  of  Virginia."  The  troops  within  the 
defences  of  Washington,  as  well  as  a  small  force  under  General  ' 
Samuel  D.  Sturgis  at  Alexandria,  were  also  included  in  Pope's 
command.  This  change  was  highly  gratifying,  at  least  to  the 
members  of  the  NINTH,  and  they  felt  confident  that  the  con-, 
centration  of  these  commands  under  one  able  general,  would 

o 

result  in  more  intelligent  and  successful  movements,  instead  of 

<o 


SHIELDS    VS.     FREMONT.  143 

the  intermittent  and  spasmodic  attacks  which  had  occupied 
their  time  to  little  apparent  advantage.  When  General  Fremont 
was  apprised  of  the  consolidation  he  asked  to  be  relieved,  feeling 
that  it  would  be  a  degradation  to  serve  under  Pope,  whose 
commission  as  Major-General  had  been  issued  subsequently  to 
his  o\vn.  In  contrast  with  the  conduct  of  some  generals, 
whose  ideas  of  patriotism  and  loyalty  were  measured  by  the 
importance  of  their  commands,  it  is  refreshing  to  read  the  letter, 
written  April  2Oth,  1862,  to  the  Secretary  of  War,  by  that 
noble  old  hero,  Brigadier-General  Shields,  then  sixty-three 
years  of  age.  He  was  a  Brigadier-General  in  the  Mexican 
war  and  brevetted  Major-General  for  gallantry  just  after  he  had 
driven  Jackson  out  of  the  Valley  :  "  *  "*  I  would  respect 

fully  suggest  that  my  division,  Blenker's  division,  and  Aber- 
crombie's  and  Geary's  commands  be  united  and  consolidated 
as  speedily  as  possible,  to  force  their. way  towards  Richmond. 
This  movement,  if  followed  up  by  General  Sumner's  command 
and  the  rest  of  the  disposable  troops  on  the  Potomac,  will 
relieve  General  McClellan  and  contribute  to  the  destruction 
of  the  Rebel  Army  and  the  capture  of  the  rebel  capital.  I  am 
ready  to  conduct  this  movement  if  you  can  get  the  Senate  to  pass 
at  once  upon  my  nomination  ;  but  confirmed  or  not  by  that 
body,  I  am  ready  to  lead  or  follow  which  ever  you  may  deem 
most  advisable.  Fremont's  command  had  been 

designated  as  the  First,  Banks'  the  Second,  and  McDowell's 
the  Third  corps.  On  being  relieved  Fremont  had  turned  over 
his  command  to  Gen.  Robert  C.  Schenck  pending  the  arrival 
of  a  new  commander.  General  Rufus  King  was  first  ap 
pointed,  hearing  which  General  Schenck  asked  to  be  transferred 
to  another  department,  but,  upon  General  King  being  assigned 
to  another  command  and  General  Sigel  appointed  Com 
mander  of  the  First  Corps,  General  Schenck  withdrew  his 
request  and  remained  under  Sigel. 

About  the  2nd  and  3rd  of  the  month  the  principal  topic  of 
conversation  in  camp  was  the  news  from  the  Army  of  the 
Potomac.  A  series  of  bloody  battles  had  been  fought, 
McClellan  had  been  driven  from  the  vicinity  of  Richmond,  and 


144  THE    NINTH    NEW    YORK.  July 

had  fallen  back  to  Harrison's  Landing  on  the  James  River,  as 
a  new  base  of  operations.  The  failure  of  that  campaign  made 
it  evident  that  Pope's  army  would  soon  have  an  opportunity  of 
meeting  the  enemy,  and  it  was  hoped  the  reverses  on  the 
Peninsula  might  be  counteracted,  and  a  new  and  brighter 
aspect  given  to  the  Union  cause. 

Anticipating  a  rest  from  drill  and  extra  duty,  on  the  4th, 
the  men  of  the  NINTH  had  scoured  the  country  for  material 
with  which  to  decorate  the  camp.  Arches  were  built  at  the 
head  of  each  company  street,  and  numerous  other  decorations 
devised,  by  the  taste  and  ingenuity  of  the  regimental  artists. 
A  liberal  supply  of  (lags  decorated  each  tent.  Refreshments 
—both  liquid  and  solid — had  been  ordered  from  Washington, 
for,  as  some  remarked,  "  It  may  be  the  last  Fourth  of  July 
many  of  us  will  see,"  and  the  boys  were  determined  to  have 
a  royal  good  time.  The  celebration  was  well  under  way  and 
all  were  enjoying  themselves,  when,  at  ten  o'clock,  orders  were 
given  to  "  Pack  up  at  once  and  be  ready  to  move  at  a  moment's 
notice  !"  Never  was  an  order  more  reluctantly  obeyed.  Of 
course  the  men  could  see  no  reason  for  such  an  interruption 
of  their  festivities,  which  were  being  conducted  in  the  most 
orderly  manner,  and  many  were  the  anathemas  hurled  at  the 
head  of  the  author  of  the  unwelcome  order.  The  extra  sup 
plies  that  had  been  procured  were  hurriedly  disposed  of ;  the 
men  eat  and  drank  more  than  their  fill,  in  order  to  save  the 
good  things,  and  at  noon  line  was  formed. 

On  approaching  the  railway  station  at  Manassas  Junction 
a  gaily  decorated  train  of  cars  was  seen  approaching,  filled 
with  people  from  Washington  and  Alexandria,  who  had  come 
to  spend  the  day  and  see  the  sights  at  camp.  Taking  a 
wistful  look  at  the  happy  excursionists,  and  regretting  that 
circumstances,  over  which  they  had  no  control,  would  prevent 
their  assisting  at  the  reception  of  the  visitors,  the  NINTH 
marched  away.  Towards  evening  a  tired  and  disappointed  lot 
of  men  went  into  bivouac  near  Gainesville.  At  six  o'clock  the 
next  morning  the  men  were  in  line  again.  Broad-Run  was 
forded,  soon  after  which  the  column  passed  through  New 


1862  AT    WARRENTOX,    VIRGINIA.  145 

Baltimore,  and  early  in  the  evening  camp  was  reached  near 
Warrenton.  The  day  had  been  very  warm  and  the  roads 
dusty,  and  although  only  ten  miles  had  been  marched,  the 
men  were  glad  to  halt  and  seek  repose. 

Warrenton,  the  county  seat  of  Fauquier  County,  is  at  the 
terminus  of  the  Warrenton  branch  of  the  Orange  and  Alexan 
dria  railroad,  and  nine  miles  from  Warrenton  Junction.  It 
was  a  town  of  considerable  importance,  and  before  the  war, 
had  a  population  of  about  eight  thousand.  Most  of  the  men 
had  entered  the  Confederate  service,  the  once  celebrated  Black 
Horse  Calvary  having  been  principally  recruited  in  the  vicin 
ity.  The  people  remaining  were  intensely  secesh,  and  not  at 
all  backwards  in  proclaiming  their  views.  The  town  contained 
a  number  of  fine  buildings,  both  public  and  private.  Several 
of  the  churches  were  occupied  for  hospital  purposes.  The 
streets  were  bordered  with  many  fine  shade  trees,  which,  at 
that  season  of  the  year,  gave  a  desirable  cover  from  the  hot 
rays  of  the  sun.  Near  by  were  the  palatial  residences  of  ex- 
Congressman  Gustavus  W.  ("  Extra  Billy  ")  Smith,  then  a 
General  in  the  Confederate  Army,  and  "  Squire  "  Scott,  a 
member  of  the  Virginia  Convention,  and  the  last  member  to 
rise  in  his  place  and  oppose  the  ordinance  of  Secession.  This 
man  had  unfortunately  been  killed  early  in  May,  in  an  affray 
between  a  body  of  citizens  and  soldiers. 

Company  H,  Twelfth  Massachusetts,  Captain  James  L. 
Bates,  and  Company  C,  of  the  NINTH,  Captain  James  H. 
Stevens,  were  detailed  as  Provost  Guard  of  Warrenton,  the 
former  acting  as  Provost-Marshal,  with  headquarters  at  the 
Town  Hall  on  Main  Street.  The  men  found  comfortable 
quarters  in  deserted  houses.  The  regimental  camp  occupied 
a  very  eligible  location  near  a  large  spring,  whose  waters 
gushed  forth  in  such  quantities  as  might  have  sufficed  for  a 
whole  division. 

On  the  iith,  General  Henrv  W.  Halleck,  another  western 

* 

officer,  was  elevated  to  the  position  of  General-in-Chief  of  the 
Armies  of  the  United  States,  and  made  his  headquarters >  at 
the  Capital. 


THE  NINTH  NEW  YORK.  July- 

General  Pope's  address  to  the  army  under  his  command  h 
such  an  extraordinary  document  that  it  is  here  given  in  full. 
Had  the  campaign,  which  it  foreshadowed,  proved  successful, 
perhaps  none  but  favorable  notice  would  ever  have  been  made 
of  the  address,  but  because  of  the  failure,  General  Pope  was 
roundly  abused  and  ridiculed  for  the  tone  of  this  now-famous 
document. 

HEADQUARTERS  ARMY  OF  VIRGINIA, 

Washington,  fitly  14,  1862. 

To  ike  Officers  and  Soldiers  of  the  Army  of  Virginia  : 

By  special  assignment  of  the  President  of  the  United  States,  I  have  assumed  the 
command  of  this  army.  I  have  spent  two  weeks  in  learning  your  whereabouts,  your 
condition,  and  your  wants,  in  preparing  you  for  active  operations,  and  in  placing  you 
in  positions  from  which  you  can  act  promptly  and  to  the  purpose.  These  labors  are 
nearly  completed,  and  I  am  about  to  join  you  in  the  field. 

Let  us  understand  each  other.  I  have  come  to  you  from  the  West,  where  we  have 
always  seen  the  backs  of  our  enemies  ;  from  an  army  whose  business  it  has  been  to  seek 
the  adversary  and  to  beat  him  when  he  was  found  ;  whose  policy  has  been  attack  and  not 
defense.  In  but  one  instance  has  the  enemy  been  able  to  place  our  Western  armies  in 
defensive  attitude.  I  presume  that  I  have  been  called  here  to  pursue  the  same  system 
and  to  lead  you  against  the  enemy.  It  is  my  purpose  to  do  so,  and  that  speedily.  1 
am  sure  you  long  for  an  opportunity  to  win  the  distinction  you  are  capable  of  achieving. 
That  opportunity  I  shall  endeavor  to  give  you.  Meantime  I  desire  you  to  dismiss 
from  your  minds  certain  phrases,  which  I  am  sorry  to  find  so  much  in  vogue  amongst 
you.  I  hear  constantly  of  "  taking  strong  positions  and  holding  them,"  of  "  lines  of 
retreat,"  and  of  "  bases  of  supplies."  Let  us  discard  such  ideas.  The  strongest 
position  a  soldier  should  desire  to  occupy  is  one  from  which  he  can  most  easily  advance 
against  the  enemy.  Let  us  study  the  probable  lines  of  retreat  of  our  opponents,  and 
leave  our  own  to  take  care  of  themselves.  Let  us  look  before  us,  and  not  behind. 
Success  and  glory  are  in  the  advance,  disaster  and  shame  lurk  in  the  rear.  Let  us  act 
on  this  understanding,  and  it  is  safe  to  predict  that  your  banners  shall  be  inscribed 
\viih  many  a  glorious  deed,  and  your  names  will  be  dear  to  your  countrymen  forever. 

JOHN  POPE, 

Major-Genera!  Commanding . 

This  address  was  the  prelude  to  a  forward  movement  of  the 
Army  of  Virginia,  and  within  a  few  days  the  division,  under 
command  of  General  Ricketts,  moved  towards  the  line  of  the 
Rappahannock,  and  the  NINTH,  with  a  small  body  of  cavalry, 
were  all  that  remained  at  Warrenton.  Colonel  Stiles  was 
appointed  Post  Commander,  and  Captain  Hendrickson.  Pro 
vost-Marshal.  The  regiment  was  moved  into  town  and 
quartered  in  the  deserted  houses,  but  for  sanitary  reasons  was 


GENERAL    POPE.  147 

soon  removed  to  a  camp  on  the  outskirts.  The  men  performed 
a  variety  of  duties,  such  as  guards  and  pickets,  handling-  quar 
termaster  ad  commissary  stores,  and,  with  the  aid  of  the 
darkies,  cleaned  the  streets  of  the  town.  Dress-parade  and 
guard-mounting  usually  took  place  upon  Main  Street,  and,  as 
the  band  furnished  excellent  music,  many  of  the  white,  and 
nearly  all  the  colored  population  were  present  to  witness  the 
ceremony.  It  being  difficult  sometimes  to  find  the  able-bodied 
darkies,  when  wanted  as  laborers,  the  occasion  of  dress-parade 
was  improved  to  make  a  raid  upon  them  ;  when  a  sufficient 
number  would  be  corralled  in  the  guard  house,  furnished  with, 
a  Government  breakfast,  and  then  set  to  work  sweeping  the 
streets.  Warrenton  was  never  so  clean  as  when  in  care  of  the 
NINTH'S  "  Department  of  Public  Works." 

The  following  order  gave  great  satisfaction  to  the  soldiers 
of  Pope's  army,  who  had  become  heartily  tired  of  guarding  the 
property  of  avowed  enemies,  and  for  which  even  'the  armed 
enemy  showed  no  respect  when  anything  was  needed  for  their 
own  comfort : 

HEADQUARTERS  ARMY  OF  VIRGINIA, 

Washington,  July  25,  1862. 
GENERAL  ORDERS,  } 
No.  13.  ( 

Hereafter  no  guards  will  be  placed  over  private  houses  or  private  property  of  any 
description  whatever.  Commanding  officers  are  responsible  for  the  conduct  of  the 
troops  under  their  command,  and  the  Articles  of  \\'nr  and  Regulations  of  the  Army 
provide  ample  means  for  restraining  them  to  the  full  extent  required  for  discipline  and 
efficiency. 

Soldiers  were  called  into  the  field  to  do  battle  against  the  enemy,  and  it  is  not  ex 
pected  that  their  force  and  energy  shall  be  wasted  in  protecting  private  property  of 
those  most  hostile  to  the  Government, 

No  soldier  serving  in  this  army  shall  hereafter  be  employed  in  such  service. 
By  command  of  Major-General  POPE, 

GEO.  D.  RUGGLES, 

Colonel  and  Chief  of  Staff. 

Guard  duty  at  private  houses  was  often  productive  of  a 
good  deal  of  amusement.  One  of  the  NINTH  reports  : 

"*  I  was  on  guard  yesterday  at  a  very  nice  house  ; 

the  inmates  were  suspected  of  giving  information  to  the 


148  THE    NINTH    NEW    YORK.  July 

enemy.  My  orders  were  to  walk  in  front  or  sit  on  stoop  of 
the  house  and  stop  any  one  entering  or  leaving.  The  old  lady 
was  very  pleasant,  and  her  four  girls  nearly  talked  me  blind. 
One  of  them  played  and  sang  the  Southern  National  Hymn, 
leaving  doors  and  windows  open  so  I  could  hear,  and  then 
asked  me  how  I  liked  it.  I  said,  "  First-rate."  Then  she  played 
all  their  patriotic  airs.  When  she  stopped  her  sister  began, 
and  asked  me  what  I  liked.  I  said,  "Star  Spangled  Banner." 
She  laughed  and  said  she  "used  to  like  it,  too,  but  since  it  re 
fused  to  protect  the  South  I  have  forgotten  it." 

On  the  26th,  in  obedience  to  regimental  orders,  Company 
L  was  thereafter  to  be  known  as  Company  K,  the  original 
Company  K  having  been  transferred,  as  before  stated,  to 
its  special  arm  of  the  service, — Light  Artillery. 

As  is  usual  in  such  cases,  however,  the  members  clung  to 
their  original  letter,  and  the  company  was  known  as  "  L"  as 
long  as  it  remained  in  the  service. 

Soldiers  have  a  great  propensity  for  "nosing  round,"  and 
it  was  soon  discovered  that  in  the  office  of  the  suspended 
"  Warrenton  Whig,"  there  was  quite  a  full  supply  of  printing 
materials  except  paper.  Privates  John  W.  Jacques  of  Company 
D  and  Fred.  B.  Dailey  of  Company  L,  both  practical 
printers,  saw  in  this  an  opportunity  to  create  a  diversion  from 
the  routine  of  provost  duty,  by  issuing  a  newspaper.  Having 
obtained  the  requisite  authority,  they  sent  to  Washington  for 
paper  and  a  few  other  necessary  articles,  and  on  Thursday,  the 
3  ist,  the  first  edition  of  fourteen  hundred  copies  of  "  THE  NEW 
YORK  NINTH"  was  issued.  It  sold  at  the  modest  price  of 
three  cents  per  copy,  and  such  was  the  demand  that  a  second 
edition  of  five  hundred  copies  was  printed  and  sold.  '  The 
paper  was  a  folio — four  pages,  9^  by  13 — and  filled  with  inter 
esting  local  matter,  and  a  well-selected  miscellany.  Following 
is  a/ac  simile — reduced — of  the  heading,  etc.  : 


1861  JOURNALISTIC    ENTERPRISE.  149 

inn  minium  ii. 


MTIOHI  AFT  W 


VOL   I.. NO  1  WARRENTON,  VA..  THURSDAY.  JULY  31  .1862  PRICE   3  CENTS 


When  the  regiment  moved  from  Warrenton  a  number  of 
men  were  left  behind  on  special  duty,  among  them  the.-  Editors. 
It  was  only  a  few  days,  however,  before  they  were  ordered  to 
report  to  the  regiment,  but  before  leaving  they  decided  to  issue 
another  number  of  the  paper,  which  appeared  on  the  7th  of 
August.  Two  thousand  copies  were  printed  and  sold,  and  that 
the  friends  of  the  regiment  may  know  something  of  that  interest 
ing  publication,  a  few  extracts  from  the  last  number  are  given  : 

VOL.  i.,  No.  II. 

WARRENTON,  VA.,  Thursday,  August  7,  1862. 

THE  NINTH. 

"  The  NINTH  "  is  the  exponent  of  the  NINTH  Regiment,  New  York  State  Militia. 
Its  object  is  to  furnish  a  medium  of  communication  between  the  Regiment  and  its 
friends,  and  the  "  rest  of  mankind." 

It  will  be  published  weekly,  from  the  office,  on  Main  street,  two  doors  below  the 
Warrenton  House,  as  long  as  the  Regiment  continues  to  be  stationed  in  this  place  or 
vicinity. 

TERMS. — For  a  single  copy,  3  cents.     Inserting  an  advertisement  of  eight  lines — 
First  insertion,  25  cents  ;  each  subsequent  insertion,  15  cents. 
Marriage  notices,  deaths  and  obituaries  inserted  gratis. 

All  communications  to  be  addressed  to  the  publishers,  at  their  office,  on  Main 
street,  near  the  "  Warrenton  Hotel."  JOHN  W.  JACQUES,  Co.  D. 

FRED'K.  B.  DAILEY,  Co.  L. 

Warrenton,  Va. 

The  situation  of  affairs  about  here,  to  use  one  of  the  phrases  of  the  day,  in  relation 
to  the  rebellion  and  its  suppression,  is  of  a  rather  uncertain  character.  The  army  has 
advanced,  having  most  of  them  left  this  place  last  week,  and  have  since,  as  we  under 
stand,  made  another  move,  or  moves,  on  the  military  chess-boards  of  Fauquier  and 
Loudoun,  but  where  to,  in  what  force,  and  for  what  purpose,  is  more  than  we  know,  or 
if  we  did,  would  be  willing  to  tell.  We  hope  and  believe  that-it  will  not  be  to  take 


150  THE    NINTH    NEW    YORK.  July 

any  back  irack;  that  when  our  army  strikes  it  will  be  to  some  purpose,  that  it  will  not 
strike  before  it  is  ready,  and  then,  so  that  it  will  not  need  to  strike  again.  This,  we 
think,  the  best,  most  merciful  way  of  conducting  the  war,  which,  always  dreadful, 
should  be  made  short  and  decisive  as  possible — making  clean  work  as  it  goes  along. 
We  hope  to  hear  good  news  before  long  from  General  Pope,  and  the  gallant  force 
under  him,  who  are  following  the  tiag  to  what  will,  we  trust,  b^  victory  and  peace. 

The  situation  about  here,  so  far  as  the  rebels  in  our  midst  is  concerned,  continues 
much  as  it  was  last  week,  only,  if  possible,  "  a  little  more  so."  The  masculine 
"  secesh  "  still  congregate  in  the  neighborhood  of  the  Warrenton  House,  put  their 
heads  together,  whisper  ominously  over  each  day's  news,  look  daggers  at  the  soldiers 
when  they  think  it  will  be  safe  to  do  so — keep  up  a  terrible  thinking,  no  doubt,  and 
something  worse,  may  be,  but  say  nothing  out  loud.  They  still  desire  that  their  prop 
erty  should  be  protected  by  us,  are  very  unwilling  to  lose  their  negroes,  and  very 
desirous  to  have  supplies  and  passes  and  favors,  but  they  are  very  unwilling  to  take 
the  oath  of  allegiance  to  the  Government,  swear  they  will  leave  first,  and  are  very- 
patriotic  in  a  cheap  way,  but  it  don't  amount  to  much,  one  way  or  the  other.  They 
are  still  shaky  about  the  orders  of  Gen.  Pope,  but,  as  they  are  not  yet  enforced,  arc- 
whistling  to  keep  up  their  courage,  and  hope  yet,  in  the  language  of  the  immortal 
Micawber,  that  "  something  will  turn  up  "  in  their  favor. 

As  to  the  "  she-cesh,"  they  are  as  rampant  as  ever.  They  still  indulge  in  the  inno 
cent  amusement  of  turning  out  in  the  street  to  avoid  walking  under  the  flag.  Even  the 
unoffending  blue  Brigade  flag  comes  in  for  its  share  of  such  small  contempt  ;  some  of 
them  attract  crowds  upon  the  sidewalks  to  hear  them  sing  secesh  songs,  and  talk 
secesh  politics,  and  vaunt  the  superior  beauty,  gallantry,  bravery,  and  all  that  sort  of 
thing,  of  the  F.  F.  V.'s  and  the  Southern  army.  They  turn  up  their  pretty  noses, 
metaphorically  speaking,  and  sometimes  literally,  at  our  men  and  officers  ;  are  still 
afraid  to  have  their  immaculate  skirts  contaminated  by  any  chance  contact  with  the 
"greasy  mudsills,"  and  stay  away  from  our  dress-parades,  but  gather  where  they  can 
see  them  without  being  seen.  The  modest  creatures  that  they  are  feel  insulted  if  in 
vited  to  an  entertainment,  but  crowd  the  neighborhood,  that  they  may  surreptitiously 
gratify  their  curiosity  and  see  and  hear  what  is  going  on  ;  and  do  other  like  becoming 
and  consistent  (?)  things. 

Still  the  sick  and  dying  in  our  hospitals  remain  unvisited  and  uncheered  by  a  kind 
word  or  smile  from  these  "  angels  of  mercy,"  who,  forgetting  the  like  favors  their 
friends  have  received  from  "  Union  ladies,"  (God  bless  them  for  being  incapable  of 
discriminating  between  the  uniforms 'of  the  sick  and  wounded),  will  not  walk  on  the 
same  side  of  the  street  as  these  poor  fellows,  but,  like  some  others  we  have  read  of  in 
aa  old  book,  "  pass  by  on  the  other  side."  And  more  than  this,  when,  as  was  the  case 
in  this  town,  they  come  in  contact  with  a  Union  lady  who  is  doing  here  for  our  sick 
what  she  did  for  theirs  in  Winchester,  so  far  from  aiding  in  the  blessed  work,  they  do 
what  they  can  to  hurt  her  feelings  by  insulting  remarks  about  the  character  of  our 
troops.  How  long  things  will  remain  as  they  are,  we  cannot  tell — they  don't  mend 
much  very  fast,  and  can't  be  worse,  and  that  is  some  comfort.  At  the  same  time  we 
cannot  help  thinking  that  a  few  lessons  in  good  manners,  modesty,  meekness  and 
humanity,  might  be  well  bestowed  upon  these  "  pinks  of  propriety,"  who  so  arrogantly 
plume  themselves  upon  the  superiority  of  Southern  blood  (?)  and  breeding  over  the 
Northern. 

"  The  situation,"  personally,  may  be  disposed  of  in  a  few  words.  Our  "  bantling  " 
has  received  more  favor  than  we  anticipated,  and  we  are  rewarded  for  our  toil.  Our 


THE    SONG    OF    THE    SPADE.  75! 

edition  of  fourteen  hundred  copies  was  soon  exhausted,  and  a  subsequent  one  of  five 
hundred  has  failed  to  supply  the  demand.  If  \ve  had  some  hundreds  more  we  could 
sell  them,  but  cannot  print  them,  as  we  are  in  need  of  the  type  and  time  for  this  num 
ber.  We  have  already  orders  for  over  a  thousand  copies  outside  of  our  regiment  for 
this  number,  and  have  no  doubt  that  in  many  a  household  of  the  land,  no  visitor  will 
receive  a  more  hearty  welcome  than  the  "  New  York  NINTH." 

Owing  to  the  exigencies  of  the  service  this  is  the  last  number  of  the  "  New  York 
NINTH"  that  will  be  issued  from  Warrenton.  During  the  night  of  the  5th  orders  were 
received  by  the  Colonel  for  the  regiment  to  leave  Warrenton  at  7  the  next  morning. 
Soon  after  the  time  mentioned,  the  regimental  line  was  formed,  and,  keeping  step  to 
the  music  of  the  band,  the  NINTH  took  up  the  line  of  march  towards  new  scenes  and 
duties,  in  which  may  possibly  be  included  an  advance  on  the  rebel  troops  that  have 
manifested  so  much  reluctance  to  leave  this  section  of  Virginia.  Should  a  favorable 
opportunity  present,  the  publication  of  the  "  New  York  NINTH  "will  be  resumed  at  an 
early  day. 


REXVARD. 

Strayed  or  stolen,  from  the  street  in  front  of  the  Warrenton  House,  on  Tuesday, 
the  22nd  inst.,  a  large  bay  horse,  7  years  old,  with  a  short  black  mane  and  tail,  and 
small  white  spot  on  the  forehead.  Had  a  cut  the  size  of  a  fifty-cent  piece  on  the  fet 
lock  of  his  left  fore  leg.  He  had  on  a  McClellan  saddle  and  curb  bit. 

$15  reward  will  be  paid  to  the  person  returning  the  above  property  to  FITZHUGH 
SMITH,  Commissary  Serg't  NINTH  Reg't,  N.Y.  S.  M.,  at  Warrenton,  Va. 


BRIGADE  SUTLER'S  STORE 

Is  on  the  corner  opposite  the  Provost  Marshal's  office,  where  you  will  see  floating 
the  Stars  and  Stripes  of  our  great  National  country.  It  is  the  first  one  that  was 
hoisted  after  our  troops  entered  Warrenton. 

The  undersigned,  having  procured  some  excellent  VACCINE  MATTER  from 
New  York,  offers  his  services  to  gratuitously  vaccinate  any  person  in  the  army  or 
town. 

CHAS.  J.  NORDUIST,  Surgeon  glh  Reg't,  N.  Y.  S.  M. 

THE  SONG  OF  THE  SPADE. 

With  joints  that  are  stiffened  and  sore, 

As  in  water  and  dirt  they  wade. 
An  army  of  half  a  million  or  more. 

Have  been  plying  the  shovel  and  spade. 

Dig,  dig,  dig, 

In  muddy  and  pestilent  swamp, 
Dig  in  front  of  the  enemy's  works, 

And  dig  in  front  of  the  camp. 


152  THE    NINTH    NEW    YORK.  July 

Dig,  dig,  dig, 

When  morn  gilds  the  mountain  crest, 
And  dig,  dig,  dig, 

When  the  sun  goes  down  in  the  west. 

It's  O  !  a  slave  to  be, 

In  the  cotton  fields  to  lurk, 
With  never  a  hope  or  wish  to  be  free, 

If  this  is  a  soldier's  work. 

Had  half  of  the  digging  been  done, 

In  tilling  the  fertile  soil, 
Crops  nurtured  by  summer  rain  and  sun 

Had  guerdon  been  for  toil. 

But  the  seed  so  patiently  sown 

In  the  trenches,  muddy  and  deep, 
A  crop  of  scurvy  and  fever  has  grown 

For  the  sickle  of  Death  to  reap. 

Dig,  dig,  dig, 

In  the  chill  of  the  winter's  snows ; 
And  dig,  dig,  dig, 

When  the  sun  like  a  furnace  glows. 

O  generals,  change  it  all, 

If  ye  wish  the  land  to  save  ; 
It  is  not  trenches  alone  ye  dig, — 

Ye  are  digging  a  nation's  grave. 

Give  soldiers  a  chance  to  sell 

Their  lives  in  the  field  of  the  brave 
'Mid  the  pomp  of  glorious  war, 

WThere  their  country's  banners  wave. 

It's  O  !  for  the  rifle's  crack, 

For  the  flash  of  the  glittering  blade  ; 
But  a  malison  on  the  shovel, 

The  "  strategy,"  and  the  spade. 

While  the  editorial  corps  of  the  NINTH  were  busy  in  their 
efforts  to  add  to  the  pleasures  of  the  camp,  other  members 
concluded  to  try  their  ability  as  musicians,  singers,  and  ama 
teur  actors.  Such  of  them  as  had  "good  mouths  for  music," 
were  gotten  together  by  Adjutant  Tuthill,  who,  after  a  prelim 
inary  rehearsal,  assigned  each  the  part  best  adapted  to  his 
peculiar  talents,  and  having  extemporized  a  stage  and  other 


NINTH'S  SOCIAL  UNION.  153 

i 

conveniences,  in  an  inclosure  alongside  the  Warrenton  Hotel, 
gave  several  Musical  soirees,  the  first  of  which  occured  on  the 
evening  of  the  day  upon  which  the  first  number  of  the  paper 
was  issued.  Programmes  were  printed  and  a  general  invitation 
was  extended  the  people  to  come  and  hear. 

Following  is  the  programme  of  the  first  entertainment: 

NINTH  REGIMENT  SOCIAL  UNION. 
WARRENTON  HOTEL,  THURSDAY  EVENING,  JULY  3isr,  1862. 


PROGRAMME. 

PART    FIRST. 

Grand  March,                                         -     Norma,         -  -         Band. 

Old  Musketeer,       -  Graham  &  Co. 

Ballad,  Loder. 

Comic  Song,  Barnes. 

Recitation,      -  -    Howard. 

Ballad,  Joyce. 
Virginia  Rose  Bud,     -                                                                                -       Graham  &  Co. 


PART    SECOND. 

Storm  Galop,  Band. 

Happy  Dreams,  Atkinson. 

Recitation,                                         "  Lady  of  Lyons,"  Lieut.  Hubbard. 

Comic  Song,      -  Adjutant  Tuthill. 

Ballad,         -                                          "  Miller's  Song,"  -         Graham. 

Duett,    -                                       -  "  Larboard  Watch,"  -      Atkinson  &  Graham. 

Fairy  Bell,  chorus,  -  -       Thompson  &  Co. 

Recitation,        -                                     "  Othello,"  Howard  &  Graley. 

Limerick  Races,      -  -         Atkinson  &  Co. 
Music  by  Regiment's  Band,  George  Neyer,  Leader. 


N.  B. — Should  the  weather  prove  unfavorable,  the  Concert  will  be  postponed 
until  Friday  next. 

•"  New  York  NINTH"  print. 

At  each  subsequent  performance  the  place  was  crowded,  so 
popular  was  the  entertainment.  On  the  whole,  this  did  much 
to  soften  the  bitter  feelings  that  had  existed  in  the  minds  of 
the  inhabitants  upon  the  entrance  of  the  troops  into  this  pleas- 


154  THE    NINTH    NEW    YORK,  August 

ant  Virginia  town,  Frequent  invitations,  always  gladly  except- 
ed,  were  also  extended  the  soldiers  by  the  colored  people,  to 
witness  their  marriage  ceremonies.  The  men  were  hospitably 
treated,  and  had  an  opportunity  of  witnessing  not  only  the 
ceremony,  but  also  the  genuine  "  Virginny  Reel,"  and  of  hear 
ing  many  of  the  plaintive  darky  songs. 

But  a  stop  to  merry-making  came  on  the  5th  of  August. 
Before  General  Halleck  reached  Washington  to  assume  com 
mand  of  all  the  armies  of  the  Union,  General  Pope  was  fre 
quently  consulted  by  the  Administration  ;  he  had  advised  that 
White  House  Landing  on  the  Pamunkey  River  be  held  by  Mc- 
Clellan,  while  he,  Pope,  should  march  his  army  on  towards  Rich 
mond  via,  Culpeper  and  Gordonsvile.  This  plan,  however,  was 
not  adopted  ;  McClellan  fell  back  to  Harrison's  Landing,  and 
when  it  was  decided  to  move  his  army  to  Northern  Virginia, 
Pope  was  ordered  to  advance  on  Jackson's  force  and  create  a 
diversion  in  favor  of  McClellan,  by  drawing  Confederate  troops 
away  from  Richmond  to  meet  the  advance  of  Pope's  army. 
The  Army  of  Virginia  consisted  of  about  forty  thousand  men, 
and,  had  they  been  as  homogeneous  as  the  necessities  of  the 
service  required,  better  results  would  no  doubt  have  followed. 
General  Pope  was  a  stranger.  He  had  remained  at  Washington 
from  the  time  of  his  arrival  until  the  advance  was  ordered,  and 
knew  very  little  of  the  personnel  of  his  command.  While  get 
ting  ready  to  march  on  the  morning  of  the  6th,  Company  L 
was  hurriedly  sent  to  the  camp  of  the  First  Virginia  Battery, 
in  order  to  quell  an  incipient  mutiny.  Colonel  Stiles  had  not 
been  relieved  of  the  command  of  the  Post  when  the  regiment 
was  ordered  to  march,  and  Lieutenant  Colonel  Atterbury,  be 
ing  absent  on  sick  leave,  the  command  devolved  on  Major 
Rutherford.  The  column  moved  in  the  forenoon  and  arrived 
in  due  course  at  Sulphur  Springs  on  the  Rappahannock.  This 
place  had  been  a  favorite  resort  of  invalids  up  to  the  beginning 
of  the  war,  its  health-giving  waters  drawing  people  from  all 
parts  of  the  United  States  ;  now  it  was  a  deserted  village.  Many 
of  its  finest  buildings  were  in  ruins,  and  a  few  only  of  the  poor 
est  inhabitants  remained.  After  a  short  halt  the  march  was. 


1862  ARMY    OF    VIRGINIA    ADVANCES.  155 

Continued,  the  river  crossed,  and  about  two  miles  beyond,  the 
regiment  bivouacked  in  a  cluster  of  pine  woods.  The  next 
morning  at  seven  o'clock  the  column  moved  forward.  The  day 
proved  to  be  a  very  hot  one,  and  the  men  suffered  much  discom 
fort  from  the  heat  and  dust.  Near  nightfall  a  halt  was  ordered 
within  a  mile  of  Culpeper,  where  the  NINTH  joined  the  bri 
gade.  General  Banks'  corps  had  the  advance,  closely  followed 
by  McDowell's,  while  Sigel,  who  was  posted  at  Sperryville, 
held  that  position  until  the  gth.  Buford's  cavalry  led  the  way, 
closely  followed  by  Crawford's  brigade  of  General  Williams' 
division. 

About  noon  of  the  8th,  the  march  was  resumed,  the  column 
passing  through  Culpeper,  and,  marching  about  four  miles 
beyond,  halted  for  the  night.  At  one  o'clock  the  next  morn 
ing,  General  Hartsuff  sent  orders  to  the  regiments  of  the  bri 
gade  to  be  ready  to  move  at  daylight,  and  at  half-past  five  the 
men  were  in  line.  After  marching  about  three  miles  further 
south  a  halt  was  ordered.  About  noon  heavy  artillery  firing 
was  heard  in  the  direction  of  Cedar  Mountain,  and  soon  the 
entire  division  was  marching  to  the  sound  of  the  guns.  The 
column  was  halted  in  a  field  within  two  miles  of  the  battle 
ground,  and  the  men  ordered  to  take  off  their  knapsacks,  which 
were  piled  up  and  left  in  charge  of  the  disabled.  Muskets 
were  loaded  and  the  NINTH  prepared  for  action. 

Jackson  had  been  ordered  by  General  Lee  to  attack  Pope's 
army  before  the  Ninth  corps,  which  the  Confederate  General 
knew  had  left  Fort  Monroe,  should  reach  the  Army  of  Vir 
ginia,  and  Stonewall  was  prompt  to  execute  the  welcome 
•orders. 

Passing  the  Rapidan  with  about  twenty-five  thousand  men, 
Jackson  pressed  on  towards  Culpeper,  the  Union  cavalry, 
under  Buford  and  Bayard  falling  back  slowly  on  their  infantry 
supports.  Crawford's  brigade,  of  Banks'  corps,  was  about  a 
mile  and  a  half  northwest  of  Cedar  Mountain,  and  north  of 
the  turnpike  which  ran  around  its  west  and  north  base.  This 
was  the  situation  early  in  the  morning  ;  the  firing  heard  was 
from  Crawford.  About  the  middle  of  the  forenoon,  Pope 


156  THE    NINTH    NEW    YORK.  August 

ordered  Banks  to  proceed  to  the  front  and  take  command  of 
the  troops  there.  Arriving  on  the  ground,  he  deployed  all 
his  troops  save  Gordon's  brigade,  which  was  held  in  reserve,  a 
quarter  of  a  mile  north  of  Cedar  Run,  and  about  three  quar 
ters  of  a  mile  from  the  line  of  battle.  Sigel,  meanwhile,  had 
been  ordered  to  hurry  forward  with  the  First  corps.  Pope 
asserts  that  he  did  not  authorize  Banks  to  attack  the  enemy, 
but  merely  to  hold  him  in  check  until  the  Union  Army  was  all 
up.  Banks,  on  the  other  hand,  maintains  that  he  was  ordered 
to  attack,  and  attack  he  did,  an  army  four  times  his  own  num 
ber,  and  of  course  was  beaten.  The  attack  was  made  about 
four  o'clock  in  the  afternoon,  and  with  such  impetuosity  that 
for  a  while  the  enemy  were  driven  back,  but  the  tide  soon 
turned  when  A.  P.  Hill's  division  flanked  Crawford's  position 
on  the  right,  and  Ewell  enveloped  the  left  of  the  Union  line.. 
As  the  battle  progressed,  wounded  men  and  skulkers  from  the 
front,  crowded  past  the  NINTH,  each  one  telling  his  own 
story — those  who  came  first  of  victory,  while,  later  on,  the 
reports  were  all  of  defeat. 

Banks  retreated  in  good  order  across  Cedar  Run,  and  soon 
found  himself  in  the  midst  of  the  troops  that  General  Pope  in 
person  was  hurrying  forward.  Why  it  was  that  Ricketts' 
division  lay  during  the  entire  afternoon  within  sight  of  the 
battle  without  firing  a  shot  is  a  mystery. 

After  Banks'  troops  had  recrossed  Cedar  Run,  and  at  about 
seven  o'clock,  a  new  line  was  formed  north  of  that  stream, 
Ricketts'  division  taking  position  on  the  right,  with  Tower's 
and  Carroll's  brigades  on  the  front  line,  supported  by  Duryea 
and  Hartsuff. 

Pegram's  Confederate  battery  of  four  guns  opened  fire,  but 
was  replied  to  so  effectually  by  Thompson's  Second  Maryland 
(known  also  as  Pennsylvania  Battery  C,  Howitzers)  stationed 
on  the  left  of  Hartsuff's  brigade,  that  the  enemy's  guns  were 
quickly  silenced.  Just  as  the  NINTH  was  deploying  into  line 
in  the  position  assigned  to  it,  a  shell  exploded  near  the 
colors,  killing  one  man,  William  McNider,  of  Company  B,  and 
wounding  two  of  other  companies.  The  regiment  changed  its 


BATTLE    OF    CEDAR    MOUNTAIN.  157 

position  two  or  three  times  during  the  artillery  duel,  and  thus 
the  enemy  failed  to  get  the  proper  range,  and  few  of  their  shots 
took  effect.  About  ten  o'clock  the  NINTH  moved  to  the  sup 
port  of  a  battery  where  they  remained  for  the  balance  of  the 
night.  On  leaving  the  line,  General  Hartsuff  remarked  that 
he  felt  sure  the  NINTH  would  do  its  duty  in  case  of  an  attack. 
Owing  to  the  position  of  the  guns  of  the  battery,  the  right  and 
left  wings  of  the  regiment  were  separated.  Major  Rutherford 
having  charge  of  the  right,  while  the  left  was  in  command  of 
Captain  Hendrickson.  Save  for  an  occasional  shot  on  the 
picket  line,  the  night  passed  quietly.  A  bright  moon  enabled 
the  opposing  forces  to  see  each  other  and  both  were  vigilant. 

Thus  was  brought  to  a  close  the  second  engagement  in 
which  the  NINTH  took  part,  and  Major  Rutherford  displayed 
such  skill  and  judgment  in  handling  the  regiment  as  to  make 
every  man  feel  confident  that  no  mistakes  or  blunders  would 
occur  while  he  was  at  the  head. 

When  daylight  of  the  loth  appeared  it  was  discovered  that 
the  enemy  had  quietly  slipped  away.  Jackson  had  no  desire 
to  try  conclusions  with  Pope's  entire  army,  and  he  fell  back 
across  the  Rapidan  to  await  the  reinforcements  coming  from 
Richmond.  The  NINTH  rejoined  the  brigade  and  stacked 
arms  in  a  corn-field,  while  a  detail  was  sent  after  the  knap 
sacks.  At  eleven  o'clock  a  heavy  rain-storm  began,  which 
lasted  all  day.  At  noon  Colonel  Stiles  rejoined  the  regiment, 
having  been  relieved  from  duty  at  Warrenton. 

Major  Rutherford,  who  had  charge  of  the  detail  sent  to  the 
field  to  bury  the  dead,  reported  that  the  Confederate  burial 
party,  when  they  found  that  their  army  had  fallen  back,  left  in 
such  a  hurry  that  their  work  was  but  partly  clone,  and  a  num 
ber  of  their  wounded  fell  into  our  hands.  Towards  evening 
camp  was  laid  out  and  tents  pitched  for  the  night. 

On  the  iith  the  command  moved  forward,  passing  over 
portions  of  the  late  battle-field.  Carcasses  of  horses  lying 
about,  and  the  many  newly-made  graves  were  a  sad  reminder 
of  the  bloody  work.  The  garden  near  a  dwelling  house  had 


158  THE    NINTH    NEW    YORK.  August 

been  turned  into  a  cemetery  and  was  filled  with  graves.  The 
occupants  of  the  house  had  courageously  remained  in  the  cel 
lar  during  the  battle,  but  had  been  terribly  scared  by  a  shell 
which  forced  its  way  into  their  hiding-place.  Fortunately 
it  did  not  explode.  On  the  I2th  the  regiment  moved  a  short 
distance,  camp  was  laid  out  and  the  usual  round  of  guard  and 
picket  duty  resumed. 

On  the  I4th,  the  divisions  of  Generals  Jesse  L.  Reno  and 
Isaac  I.  Stevens,  numbering  about  eight  thousand  men.  of  the 

o  o 

Ninth  corps,  reported  to  General  Pope.  The  Army  of  Vir 
ginia  now  held  the  line  of  the  Rapidan,  from  the  base  of  the 
Blue  Ridge  on  the  right  to  Raccoon  Ford  on  the  left. 

At  eight  o'clock  on  the  morning  of  the  i5th  the  regiment 
was  again  in  motion,  inoving  towards  the  Rapidan.  On  the 
road,  just  west  of  Cedar  Mountain,  a  dozen  or  more  dead 
bodies  were  noticed,  which  had  probably  been  carried  there 
for  burial  just  after  the  battle.  Their  black  and  bloated 
appearance  was,  at  the  time,  popularly  supposed  to  be  caused 
by  the  whiskey  mixed  with  powder,  which  the  Confederate 
troops  were  credited  with  drinking,  just  before  entering  an 
engagement.  Like  man)'  other  camp  stories,  this,  of  course, 
was  a  pure  invention,  and  was  not  believed  by  intelligent 
soldiers.  The  bodies  of  men  who  met  a  violent  death  on  the 
battle-field,  especially  during  hot  weather,  rapidly  decomposed, 
and  the  condition  of  those  just  mentioned  was  due  to  perfectly 
natural  causes.  Towards  evening  the  regiment  went  into 
camp  near  the  river,  and  pickets  were  posted  along  the  north 
ern  bank. 

Nothing  of  importance  occurred  on  the  i6th.  On  the  i7th 
the  band  left  for  home,  under  orders  from  the  War  Depart 
ment,  reducing  the  number  to  one  for  each  brigade.  Five 
days'  rations  were  issued  here  and,  besides  this  load,  each  man 
was  required  to  carry  sixty  rounds  of  ammunition,  forty  in  his 
cartridge  box,  and  the  balance  in  his  haversack  or  pocket. 

When  General  Lee  found  that  McClellan's  army  was  to  evac 
uate  Harrison's  Landing,  he  began  moving  his  troops  towards 
the  Rapidan,  hoping  to  be  able  to  overwhelm  Pope  before 


7862  RELIGIOUS    SERVICES    AT    DRESS-PARADE.  159 

sufficient  reinforcements  could  reach  him.  As  early  as  the 
1 3th,  Longstreet's  corps  was  ordered  to  Gordonsville,  where  it 
arrived  a  day  or  two  afterwards,  and  when  General  Lee 
appeared  about  the  i6th,  the  Confederate  Army  numbered 
nearly  sixty  thousand  men.  Pope  had  not  more  than  forty 
thousand.  The  Confederate  commander  proposed  moving  at 
once  upon  Pope,  but,  owing  to  some  delay  caused  by  the 
strategical  movements  of  a  portion  of  Pope's  force,  and  which 
deceived  Lee,  the  movement  was  delayed  until  the  i8th. 

Active  operations  in  the  field  rendered  it  often  impossible 
— or  impracticable — to  hold  special  religious  services,  and 
this  gave  rise  to  a  custom  peculiar  to  the  NINTH.  At  the 
conclusion  of  dress-parade  the  regiment  would  be  formed  into 
a  hollow  square,  then  Chaplain  Phillips,  advancing  to  the  cen 
ter,  would  read  a  selection  from  che  Bible,  offer  a  brief  prayer, 
closing  with  the  Lord's  Prayer,  in  which  the  regiment  joined 
audibly;  then  the  band  would  play  "  Old  Hundred  "and  the 
command  join  in  the  doxology,  "  Praise  God  from  whom  all 
blessings  flow."  This  would  be  followed  by  the  apostolic  ben 
ediction  and  the  parade  was  dismissed. 

One  of  the  special  duties  of  army  life,  and  one  which  re 
quired  more  courage,  nerve,  and  skill  to  execute  than  even 
the  average  brave  soldiers  possessed,  was  that  connected  with 
the  Secret  Service.  There  was  little  glory  to  be  derived  from 
the  service  of  playing  the  spy,  and  yet  it  was  an  essential  part 
of  military  duty.  To  be  wounded  or  killed,  and  have  his 
name  spelled  wrong  in  the  Gazette,  was  not  even  accorded  to 
the  majority  of  these  men  who  thus,  in  a  double  sense,  took 
their  lives  in  their  hands  and  penetrated  the  enemies'  lines,  for 
their  mission  was  always  a  secret,  even  to  their  own  comrades. 
A  man  was  called  to  the  General's  quarters,  remained  awhile 
and  departed,  his  comrades  knew  not  where,  and  was  never 
seen  again  in  their  ranks.  After  a  reasonable  time  he  was 
probably  marked  on  his  company  muster-rolls  as  dead,  or  miss 
ing,  or,  more  likely,  as  a  deserter. 

There  were  many  Nathan  Hale's  on  both  sides  during  the 
war,  and  while  one  side  employed  men  in  that  most  perilous 


l6o  THE    NINTH    NEW    YORK.  Augu:,t 

of  undertakings,  so  not  only  on  account  of  its  danger,  but 
much  more  on  account  of  the  horrible  fate  that  awaited  the 
discovery  of  a  spy  within  the  lines.  Neither  side  was  willing 
to  recognize  the  poor  unfortunate  as  having  any  rights  under 
the  code  of  warfare.  The  following  account,  taken  from  "The 
Washington  Artillery  of  New  Orleans,"  of  the  fate  of  one  such 
hero,  will  serve  to  illustrate  : 

On  the  morning  of  August  aist,  as  the  troops  were  marching  towards  Stevensburg, 
a  mounted  man,  clad  in  gray  uniform,  rode  up  to  General  D.  R.  Jones,  commanding 
division,  and  told  him  that  General  Jackson  had  sent  him  to  say  that  he  was  to  halt 
his  column  where  it  then  was.  As  Jones  was  under  orders  of  General  Longstreet,  he 
couldn't  understand  why  Jackson  should  send  him  orders  of  any  kind,  especially  as  it 
was  known  that  Jackson  was  a  long  distance  in  advance.  Suspicion  being  aroused. 
the  man  was  ordered  to  dismount,  his  person  examined,  and  a  memorandum  book 
found  containing  an  account  of  all  our  movements  since  we  had  advanced  beyond 
Gordonsville.  A  cipher  alphabet  was  also  found.  *  *  *  Further  examination  of  the 
man's  clothing  showed  the  uniform  not  to  be  of  the  Confederate  regulation,  the  cuffs 
and  collar  of  his  jacket  were  black  instead  of  yellow.  His  underclothing,  boots  and 
spurs  were  unmistakably  those  furnished  the  enlisted  men  of  the  United  States  Army. 
A  drum-head  court-martial  was  convened,  circumstantial  evidence  was  against  him. 
and  he  was  condemned  to  be  hung  as  a  spy.  He  took  his  sentence  quite  coolly. 
*  *  *  He  was  marched  into  the  woods,  placed  on  a  mule,  a  rope  looped  around  his 
neck,  and  its  end  thrown  over  a  limb  of  a  tree,  when  a  stalwart  courier,  with  a  heavy 
stick,  by  striking  the  mule  upon  the  rump,  caused  him  to  surge  ahead,  and  the  spy 
was  left  swinging.  When  dead,  a  grave  by  the  roadside  was  dug  and  he  disappeared 
from  the  face  of  the  earth. 

Another  instance  will  show  the  successful  performance  of 
such  hazardous  work.  There  lies  before  the  Editor  a  pam 
phlet  containing  properly  attested  copies  of  letters,  now  on  file 
in  the  War  Department,  written  by  Generals  Pope,  McDowell, 
and  Sigel,  setting  forth  the  valuable  service  rendered  by  a  pri 
vate  in  an  Indiana  Cavalry  regiment  during  this  campaign. 
While  encamped  at  Sperryville,  on  the  2ist  of  July,  this  man 
was  sent  for  by  General  Sigel  and  directed  to  make  his  way 
within  the  enemy's  lines,  obtain  all  the  information  possible 
respecting  the  number  and  position  of  troops,  and  report  back 
in  three  weeks.  He  was  furnished  with  a  citizen's  outfit,  an 
unbranded  horse  and  a  little  money.  He  had  hardly  entered 
the  enemy's  territory  before  he  was  arrested  on  suspicion  of 
being  a  spy.  After  various  experiences  he  was  sent  to  Rich- 


i862  WITHIN    THE    ENEMY'S    LINES.  l6l 

mond  and  while  not  confined  in  prison  there,  was  placed  un 
der  surveillance  and  ordered  to  report  each  clay  to  a  Provost 
Marshal.  At  this  time  McClellan's  army  had  been  driven 
from  before  Richmond,  and  the  Union  soldier  was  a  witness  to 
the  rejoicings  of  the  people  and  of  the  Confederate  Army  over 
the  event.  The  three  weeks  within  which  Sigel  was  to  hear 
from  him  had  more  than  passed,  and  knowing  that  Pope  would 
be  in  great  danger  from  the  united  Confederate  Army,  the  spy 
was  doubly  anxious  to  reach  the  Union  lines.  When  Long- 
street's  troops  left  Richmond  to  join  Jackson,  he  managed 
obtain  permission  to  accompany  them  : 


We  were  nearing  the  Rapidan  and  as  night  came  on  a  great  body  of  soldiers 
moved  secretly  up  the  river.  *  *  *  When  morning  dawned  the  vast  army  was  en 
camped  under  Clark's  Hill.  It  was  a  capital  position,  as  the  ridge,  extending  along 
the  right  hank  of  the  river,  protected  us  from  view  of  the  Union  outposts.  It  was  Sun 
day.  I  had  not  yet  learned  to  an  absolute  certainty  the  plan  of  further  operations.  I 
lingered  about  General  Hill's  headquarters,  speculating  as  to  what  the  morrow  would 
bring  forth,  and  fearing  much.  I  was  lying  on  the  ground  with  my  eyes  half  shut, 
when  I  became  suddenly  conscious  that  a  considerable  number  of  generals  had  con 
gregated  at  General  Hill's  tent.  I  was  close  enough  to  catch  the  conversation  that 
passed  among  them.  Pope  was  to  be  surprised.  The  detachment  that  had  proceeded 
up  the  river  the  night  before,  was  to  cross  over  early  in  the  morning,  and,  regardless 
of  consequences,  attack  the  Union  Army ;  while  thus  engaged,  Lee  was  to  cross  at 
Raccoon  Ford,  and,  getting  in  Pope's  rear,  surprise  him.  My  cup  was  full,  yet  I  dozed 
on.  I  saw  no  chance  of  getting  away.  The  day  wore  away,  and  the  next  morning, 
the  1 8th,  dawned.  While  at  breakfast  with  a  number  of  officers,  at  a  house  near 
General  Hill's  headquarters,  a  Rebel  cavalryman,  without  hat  or  coat,  rushed  in  and 
reported  that  a  squad  of  Yankee  cavalry  had  crossed  the  river  and  attacked  the  signal 
station  nearest  us,  very  nearly  capturing  the  officers. 

Two  regiments  were  at  once  sent  out,  and,  as  I  had  been  detailed  with  the  hospital 
squad,  I  joyfully  followed,  for  now  was  my  opportunity  !  I  lagged  behind  the  column 
until  it  was  out  of  sight,  and  then  broke  for  the  river.  The  sun  was  high  and  the  day 
fast  advancing;  perhaps  I  would  be  too  late!  No  shrubbery,  no  undergrowth,  could 
stay  my  flight.  My  skin  was  scratched  and  the  blood  came,  but  I  heeded  it  not.  I 
threw  away  my  coat  and  vest  as  I  went.  It  was  now  or  never !  Already  Lee's  hosts 
might  be  crossing  Raccoon  Ford  to  make  the  fatal  attack  !  Even  now  they  might  be 
attacking  Sigel  up  the  river.  Before  I  could  reach  Pope's  tent  it  might  be  too  late, 
yet  hope  was  alive  in  my  bosom  and  I  sped  on  ! 

I  reached  the  river  at  a  point  where  the  banks  were  high  and  steep  on  both  sides, 
and  the  stream  narrow.  I  fastened  my  boots  about  my  neck,  and  putting  my  papers 
under  my  hat,  grasped  an  overhanging  bush  and  lowered  myself  without  a  splash  into 
the  water.  Noiselessly  as  a  shadow  I  swam  across.  My  heart  beat  with  joy  as  I 
came  to  the  Union  outpost,  and  caught  sight  of  a  gallant  boy  in  blue.  I  told  what  I 
had  to  say  quickly,  and,  on  being  furnished  with  a  horse  and  guard,  went  with  all  pos- 


1 62  THE    NINTH    NEW    YORK.  August 

siblr  speed  to  General  Buford's  headquarters,  about  two  miles  distant,  then  with  a  new 
horse  went  gal-loping  on  to  General  Reno's  headquarters,  where  I  also  found  Generals 
Pope  and  McDowell ;  on  showing  my  credentials  and  telling  my  story  not  a  moment 
was  lost  by  General  Pope  in  ordering  a  rapid  retreat  behind  the  Rappahannock. 

Important  dispatches  from  General  Lee  were  also  found 
upon  a  captured  Confederate  officer,  which  fully  corroborated 
the  reports  of  spies  and  scouts,  and  thus  General  Pope  was 
warned  in  time  of  the  enemy's  plans. 


1 862  RETREAT    TO    THE    RAITAHANNOCK.  ID- 


CHAPTER    IX. 

POPE'S   CAMPAIGN    (concluded}. 
BATTLE  OF  SECOND  BULL  RUN. 

Retreat  to  the  Line  of  the  Rappahannock. — General  Muster. — A  Weary  March. — 
Major  Rutherford's  Picket. — Rappahannock  Station. — Stuart's  Raid,  and  Capture 
of  One  of  the  NINTH. — Colonel  Stiles  in  Command  of  the  Brigade. — The  Situation 
on  the  Evening  of  the  26th. — Jackson's  Flank  Movement. — Ricketts'  Division  at 
Thoroughfare  Gap. — Back  to  Gainesville. — Bristoe  Station. — Headed  for  Grove- 
ton.— The  Sound  of  the  Battle. — Morning  of  the  3oth. — The  Enemy's  Line.^ 
Pope  Orders  a  "  Pursuit  "  of  the  Enemy. — Position  of  Union  Troops. — Opening  of 
the  Battle.— The  NINTH  Sent  to  the  Left.—"  Pursuit  "  Changed  to  Defence.— 
Longstreet's  Flank  Attack.  — The  Defence  of  Bald  Hill.  — The  Union  Left 
Turned. — The  Henry  Hill. — The  NINTH  Under  Fire.— Driven  Back. — After 
Dark.— Extracts  from  Reports.— Battle  of  Chantilly. — Death  of  Generals  Kearny 
and  Stevens. — Letters. 

^HE  NINTH  began  the  march  about  noon  of  the  iSth,  halt 
ing  at  Mitchell's  Station,  when  a  general  muster  took 
place.  Late  in  the  afternoon  the  troops  were  formed  in  line  of 
battle  ;  the  cavalry  pickets  left  at  the  Rapidan  had  reported  the 
enemy  in  force  on  the  opposite  side,  and  it  was  feared  they 
would  attempt  a  crossing,  but  the  Confederates  merely  estab 
lished  a  line  of  pickets  on  their  side.  About  midnight  the 
column  moved.  Ni^ht  marches  are  a  soldier's  bugbear, 

o  o 

whether  towards  or  from  the  enemy,  and  when  the  poor  unfor 
tunates  are  in  the  rear  of  the  column,  and  the  road  ahead 
blocked  with  artillery  and  baggage  wagons,  the  annoyance  is 
increased.  Hartsuff's  brigade  found  itself  in  this  condition. 
Culpeper  and  Brandy  Station  were  passed  during  the  night,  a 
bright  moon  serving  to  mitigate,  somewhat,  the  dreariness  of  the 
slow  and  tedious  march.  Shortly  after  daylight  the  command 
halted.  At  ten  o'clock  the  march  was  resumed,  and  by  "fits 
and  starts"  the  column  reached  the  Rappahannock,  at  the 
railroad  crossing,  late  at  night.  The  trains  crossed  at  the  ford 


164  THE    NINTH    NEW    YORK.  August 

below,  while  the  infantry  went  over  the  bridge,  the  crossing 
being  effected  early  on  the  morning  of  the  2Oth.  The  march 
had  been  a  severe  one,  not  so  much  on  account  of  the  distance 
travelled,  as  of  the  constant  worry  and  fatigue  caused  by  the 
frequent  halts,  in  line,  on  the  road.  After  standing  a  few 
moments  the  men  would  drop  clown  by  the  roadside,  and  about 
the  time  they  had  got  comfortably  seated,  the  column  would 
move  on  again,  perhaps  for  half  a  mile,  and  then  halt  for 
another  five  or  ten  minutes.  It  was  plain,  too,  that  the  march 
was  in  retreat,  but  the  men  knew  nothing  of  the  immediate 
cause,  and  in  the  face  of  Pope's  recent  address,  the  move 
ment  was  strange  and  inexplicable.  Pope  was  Jreely  criti 
cised  and  many  of  the  men  felt  disappointed  and  disheart 
ened  at  the  turn  affairs  appeared  to  be  taking. 

When  the  column  left  Mitchell's  Station,  Major  Ruther 
ford  was  at  the  Rapidan  in  command  of  the  picket  line,  con 
sisting  of  about  four  hundred  cavalry  and  infantry  ;  he  was 
not  notified  of  the  rearward  movement,  and  when,  at  daylight, 
he  repaired  to  the  late  brigade  headquarters  for  instructions, 
he  found  that  he  was  left  alone,  and  in  a  somewhat  precarious 
position.  Hurrying  back  to  his  command  he  succeeded  in 
calling  in  the  men,  and,  with  a  strong  line  of  skirmishers  for  a 
rear  guard,  and  flankers  to  guard  against  an  ambuscade,  he 
slowly  made  his  way  after  the  army.  The  enemy  crossed  the 
river  and  followed  closely  behind  the  Major's  command,  and 
considerable  firing  took  place  between  them  before  Brandy 
Station  was  reached.  Except  two  regiments  of  the  brigade 
which  had  been  sent  with  Matthew's  battery  to  Kelly's  Ford, 
to  watch  «the  crossing  there,  the  whole  of  the  division  after 

fj 

crossing  at  Rappahannock  Station,  moved  to  the  high  ground 
back  from  the  river,  in  support  of  the  batteries  which  were 
planted  to  command  the  southern  bank,  and  the  NINTH,  with 
a  few  slight  changes  of  position,  remained  there  all  clay  and 
night  of  the  2Oth.  About  noon  of  the  2ist,  Matthew's  battery, 
which  had  returned  from  Kelly's  Ford,  and  the  Eleventh  Penn 
sylvania  were  sent  over  to  the  south  side,  the  better  to  protect 


1862  AT    THE    RAPPAHANNOCK.  165 

the  bridge  ;  later  in  the  day  the  NINTH  also  went  over.  At 
Kelly's  Ford,  General  Stevens,  with  a  portion  of  his  division 
of  t|ie  Ninth  corps,  crossed  the  river  on  a  reconnoissance,  and 
drove  the  enemy's  advance  troops  back  some  distance.  At 
Waterloo  bridge,  a  few  miles  up  the  river  from  Rappahannock 
Station,  the  Confederate  General  Early  crossed  to  the  north 
side  with  his  brigade,  in  an  attempt  to  turn  the  right  flank  of 
Pope's  army. 

On  the  22nd,  the  balance  of  Hartsuffs  brigade  crossed  over 
to  the  south  side  of  the  river,  upon  a  temporary  bridge  built 
during  the  night,  and  were  drawn  up  in  support  of  Thomp 
son's  battery,  which  was  posted  behind  some  hastily-con 
structed  earthworks  at  the  head  of  the  railroad  bridge,  the 
enemy  meanwhile  opening  fire  from  some  of  their  rifled  guns; 
several  of  their  shells  burst  uncomfortably  near  but  did  no 
damage.  During  the  day  quite  a  little  diversion  was  created 
by  the  stampede  of  a  drove  of  cattle  belonging  to  the  enemy, 
and  which  approached  the  Union  lines;  the  enemy  endeav 
ored  to  head  them  off,  but  the  Union  skirmishers  opened  fire 
and  drove  their  men  back;  the  herd  of  cattle  were  captured, 
and  shortly  afterwards  served  to  regale  the 'hungry  stomachs 
of  the  Union  soldiers. 

In  the  morning  General  J.  E.  B.  Stuart,  the  Confederate 
Cavalry  leader,  had  crossed  at  Waterloo,  and,  making  a  detour 
around  the  right  flank  of  the  Union  army,  struck  Catlett's 
Station  in  the  evening,  capturing  a  few  prisoners,  General 
Pope's  headquarters  baggage,  the  dispatch  book,  and  many  val 
uable  papers,  and  effected  his  retreat  without  serious  loss. 
Three  members  of  the  NINTH,  Privates  Smith  Ferguson  and 
S.  C.  Roof  of  Company  A,  and  John  J.  Coffey  of  Company  H, 
who  were  on  detaclied  service  as  clerks  at  army  headquarters, 
had  been  sent  with  the  trains  to  Catlett's  Station,  and  arrived 
there  just  a  few  minutes  before  Stuart.  Ferguson  started  off 
for  water  to  make  coffee,  while  the  other  two  proceeded  to 
pitch  the  tent  and  make  a  fire.  After  completing  their  labors 
they  waited  a  while  for  Ferguson,  wondering  what  kept  him 
so  long,  when,  suddenly,  the  well  known  "rebel  yell,"  accom- 


1 66  THE    NINTH    NEW    YORK,  August 

panied  by  a  discharge  of  small-arms,  was  heard,  and  at  once 
the  camp  was  in  an  uproar.  Stuart's  force  amounted  to  about 
twelve  hundred,  and  the  small  train-guard  stood  not  upon  jhe 
order  of  their  going  but  "  got "  as  rapidly  as  possible,  the  dark 
ness  favoring  the  escape  of  nearly  all.  It  seems  that  Ferguson, 
on  reaching  the  spring,  stumbled  upon  the  enemy,  some  of 
whom  were  concealed  there  ;  he  was  quietly  captured  and  sent 
to  Richmond. 

During  the  evening  General  Pope  telegraphed  General 
Halleck  that  one  of  two  things  must  be  done  by  daylight  the 
next  morn  in  2; — either  to  fall  back  and  meet  the  reinforcements 

O 

coming  from  the  Army  of  the  Potomac,  or  cross  the  river  with 
his  whole  force  and  attack  the  enemy's  right  flank  and  rear. 
It  had  been  noticed  that  large  bodies  of  their  troops  had  been 
moving  up  the  river,  and  Pope  thought  that  a  serious  blow 
might  be  delivered.  At  eleven  o'clock  Halleck  replied,  advis 
ing  Pope  to  cross  and  give  the  enemy  battle. 

During  the  night  a  heavy  rain-storm  began,  and  when  day 
light  of  the  23rd  appeared,  the  river  was  so  high  that  the  fords 
were  rendered  impassable,  and  the  bridges  in  danger  of  being 
carried  away.  The  trestle  bridge  erected  above  the  railroad 
bridge  gave  way,  and  the  floating  timbers  threatened  to  carry 
away  the  piers  of  the  other.  Pope  was  compelled  to  abandon 
his  plan  of  crossing  to  attack  the  enemy,  but  expected  to  cap 
ture  Early,  who  had  been  on  the  north  side  since  the  2ist.  As 
soon  as  Pope  heard  of  Early's  movement  he  determined  to  bag 
the  bold  Confederate,  but  thinking  Early's  force  much  larger 
than  the  reality,  deemed  it  prudent  to  order  up  nearly  the 
whole  army.  This  took  time,  and  it  was  not  until  the  23d  that 
the  advance  of  the  Union  troops  approached  the  supposed 
position  of  Early,  only  to  find  that  he  had  made  his  escape  to 
the  other  side,  over  a  temporary  bridge  erected  by  the  inde 
fatigable  Jackson  during  the  stormy  night. 

Hartsuff's  brigade  had,  up  to  the  morning  of  23d,  held 
their  position  on  the  south  bank  ;  it  was  now  recalled,  and  at  a 
later  date  highly  complimented  by  Ricketts,  in  general  orders, 
for  their  untiring  exertions  during  those  two  days.  No 


1862  ONCE    MORE    TO    THE    REAR.  167 

sooner  had  the  brigade  evacuated  their  position  than  it  was 
occupied  by  General  N.  G.  Evans'  brigade  of  General  D.  R. 
Jones'  division  of  Longstreet's  corps,  and  eleven  pieces  of 
artillery,  among  which  were  seven  guns  of  the  Washington 
Artillery  of  New  Orleans.  Their  guns  opened  fire  at  once, 
and  were  replied  to  by  the  Union  batteries,  the  latter,  also, 
pounded  away  at  the  bridge,  which  had  been  fired  when  the 
troops  crossed,  and  it  was  destroyed.  A  few  casualties  oc- 
cured  in  the  brigade.  Captain  Stevens  was  the  only  one  in 
jured  in  the  regiment,  and  he,  by  concussion,  as  he  stood  too 
near  one  of  the  guns.  At  nine  o'clock  the  troops  began  the 
inarch  towards  Warrenton.  The  firing  heard  further  up  the 
river  was  occasioned  by  Sigel's  troops  who  had  gone  in  search 
of  Early,  but,  as  has  been  stated,  they  found  he  had  made  his 
escape.  After  marching  about  eight  miles  the  NINTH  biv 
ouacked  in  a  thicket  of  pines,  a  heavy  shower  meanwhile  giving 
all  a  good  drenching. 

Daybreak  of  the  24th  the  men  were  on  the  march  again, 
about  the  same  distance  being  covered  as  on  the  previous  day, 
and  when  the  regiment  halted  they  found  a  pleasant  camp  site 
in  an  orchard  belonging  to  a  Confederate  colonel. 

Owing  to  the  sickness  of  General  Hartsuff  Colonel  Stiles 
assumed  command  of  the  brigade  the  next  day — the  25th. 
Warrenton  was  passed  on  the  right,  and  after  a  twelve-mile 
march  the  command  halted  near  the  Waterloo  road,  pitching 
their  shelter  tents  on  a  hillside.  The  waoon  train  had  not 

o 

followed  the  column,  but  had  taken  the  line  of  the  railroad  to 
wards  Warrenton  Junction  and  Catlett's  Station,  and  the  men, 
having  exhausted  their  supply  of  rations,  were  obliged  to  scour 
the  country  in  search  of  food,  but  the  supply  was  unequal  to 
the  demand.  During  the  forenoon  of  the  26th  cannonading 
was  heard  in  the  direction  of  Sulphur  Springs,  and  the  column 
marched  about  two  miles  back  towards  that  point,  and  then  re 
turned  to  the  former  bivouac,  where  the  night  was  spent. 

It  may  be  well  to  state  the  position  on  the  evening  of  the 
26th,  of  the  various  commands  composing  Pope's  army  : 
Buford's  cavalry  was  on  the  extreme  right  at  Waterloo,  while 


1 68  THE    NINTH    NEW    YORK.  August 

Ricketts'  division,  as  indicated  by  the  movement  of  the  NINTH, 
was  between  that  point  and  Warrenton.  King's  division  of 
McDowell's  corps  was  on  the  road  between  Warrenton  and 
Sulphur  Springs.  General  Reynold's  division  of  Pennsylvania 
Reserves  was  at  Warrenton,  and  Sigel  with  his  First  corps  was 
near  there,  while  Banks  was  in  the  vicinity  of  Fayetteville. 
Heintzelman's  corps,  Army  of  the  Potomac,  was  near  Warren 
ton  Junction.  Stevens'  division  of  the  Ninth  corps  bivouacked 
near  the  railroad,  about  midway  between  Warrenton  and  the 
Junction,  while  Reno's  division  was  near  the  Junction.  Part 
of  General  Fitz-John  Porter's  corps — Army  of  the  Potomac- 
was  at  Kelly's  Ford,  and  Sykes'  division  about  five  miles 
northeast  of  that  point.  Pope's  headquarters  were  at  War 
renton  Junction. 

And  what  of  the  enemy  ?  During  the  night  of  the  24th, 
Jackson  began  one  of  his  remarkable  movements.  Stevens' 
division  of  the  Ninth  corps  had 'been  watching  him  from  the 
north  bank  of  the  Rappahannock  in  the  evening,  but  when 
daylight  of  the  25th  opened  he  was  gone.  The  Union  signal 
officers  soon  reported  him  moving  up  along  the  west  side  of 
the  Bull  Run  Mountains,  evidently  with  the  intention  of  pass 
ing  through  one  of  the  gaps  and  striking  at  the  rear  of  the 
Union  Army.  Either  Pope  did  not  credit  this  report,  or,  if 
he  did,  supposed  that  the  troops  coming  from  the  Army  of  the 
Potomac  would  be  sent  by  Halleck  to  guard  the  gaps,  and 
protect  his  rear  ;  but  Jackson  passed  through  Thoroughfare 
Gap  on  the  morning  of  the  26th,  and  in  the  evening  was  at 
Bristoe  Station  with  his  whole  corps.  He  began  at  once  the 
destruction  of  such  stores  as  he  found  there,  meanwhile  dis 
patching  a  force  to  Manassas  Junction,  where  an  immense 
quantity  of  quartermaster  and  commissary  stores  were  soon 
after  destroyed.  Cars  were  burned,  track  torn  up,  and  the 
telegraph  line  destroyed.  Longstreet's  corps,  with  General 
Lee  accompanying  it,  was  still  demonstrating  on  the  south 
bank  of  the  Rappahannock,  but  ready  to  follow  on  Jackson's 
track  as  soon  as  Pope  should  begin  to  fall  back  fmm  the  river 
to  meet  the  fire  in  his  rear. 


1862  ATTEMPT    TO    BAG   JACKSON.  169 

From  the  morning  of  the   2 7th  until   the  evening  of  the 

<~j  i  O 

29th,  Popes  energies  were  bent  towards  the  capture  of  Jack 
son's  command.  According  to  the  rules  laid  down  in  the 
books,  Jackson  had  made  a  movement  which  placed  him  in  the 
greatest  jeopardy,  but  "Stonewall"  was  a  rule  unto  himself, 
and  before  Pope  could  capture,  he  must  first  catch  him.  Pope 
certainly  expected  that,  after  destroying  the  stores  at  Man- 
assas  Junction,  Jackson  would  beat  a  hasty  retreat  towards 
Thoroughfare  Gap,  to  form  a  junction  with  Longstreet,  and 
he  issued  his  orders  accordingly.  McDowell  was  entrusted 
with  the  task  of  occupying  the  road  between  Gainesville  and 
the  Gap  and  heading  Jackson  off,  and  also  with  occupying  the 
Gap  to  prevent  Longstreet  from  coming  through,  while  Pope, 
with  the  balance  of  his  army,  should  pursue  and  overtake 
Jackson. 

On  the  morning  of  the  2/th,  the  NINTH  again  made  a  hur 
ried  march  towards  Sulphur  Springs,  only  to  march  back  again, 
and  in  the  afternoon  proceeded  in  a  northeasterly  direction, 
halting  for  the  night  at  New  Baltimore.  The  roads  were  in  a 
horrible  condition,  owing  to  the  late  rains,  and  when  the 
bivouac  was  reached  the  men  threw  themselves  down  on  the 
damp  ground,  thoroughly  tired  out.  Shortly  after  daybreak, 
on  the  28th,  the  march  was  continued,  and  on  reaching  Gaines 
ville  the  column,  consisting  of  the  whole  division,  struck  across 
the  fields  in  a  northwesterly  direction,  to  the  village  of 
Haymarket,  on  the  direct  road. to  Thoroughfare  Gap.  Mean 
while  Jackson's  movements  had  deceived  Pope,  for,  instead  of 
doing  as  the  Union  General  had  expected,  and  as  he  should 
have  done  according  to  the  "  strategy  "  of  warfare,  the  Confed 
erate  Commander  led  Pope  away  off  towards  Centreville,  and 
McDowell  was  hurriedly  recalled  to  Manassas  Junction. 
Ricketts'  division  alone  was  left  to  occupy  the  Gap  and  oppose 
the  advance  of  forty  thousand  men  under  Longstreet. 

Leaving  their  knapsacks  at  Haymarket,  a  rapid  march  was 
made  by  the  division  towards  the  Gap,  upon  nearing  which,  at 
about  three  o'clock  in  the  afternoon,  the  troops  were  disposed 
in  order  of  battle  :  Hartsuff's  brigade  in-  column  of  regiments, 


I  70  THE    NINTH    NEW    YORK.  August 

the  Eleventh  Pennsylvania  on  the  first  line,  the  NINTH,  second, 
Tower's  and  Duryea's  brigades  followed,  with  the  artillery  in 
the  intervals  between  the  brigades.  After  proceeding  a  short 
distance  in  this  way,  General  D.  R.  Jones'  division  of  the 
enemy,  who  already  occupied  the  Gap,  opened  an  artillery  fire 
upon  fhe  division,  compelling  the  cavalry,  under  Colonel  Percy 
Wyndham,  who  led  the  advance,  to  fall  back.  The  bold  front 
presented  by  Ricketts'  division  caused  Longstreet's  advance  to 
halt,  and  a  portion  of  his  command  were  sent  up  to  Hopewell 
Gap  durihof  the  ni^ht,  in  order  to  turn  Ricketts'  ricrht.  flank. 

loo  o 

During  the  artillery  fire,  which  lasted  until  after  dark,  the 
Eleventh  Pennsylvania  suffered  severely.  The  position  of  the 
NINTH  favored  them  greatly,  nearly  all  the  shots  passing  over 
the  heads  of  the  men,  and  only  two  were  wounded.  General 
Ricketts,  finding  that  he  would  be  unable,  with  his  small  force, 
to  protect  himself  from  the  flank  attack  and  the  enemy  in  his 
front  at  the  same  time,  wisely  determined  to  withdraw,  and, 
soon  after  dark,  the  division  be^an  to  fall  back  ;  the  NINTH 

«^ 

losing  five  of  its  members  as  prisoners.  The  knapsacks  were 
recovered  at  Haymarket,  and  the  march  continued  until  eleven 
o'clock,  when  Gainesville  was  reached  and  the  tired  men  lay 
down  to  rest.  Thompson's  battery  was  posted  on  rising 
ground,  and  the  guns  pointed  in  the  direction  from  which 
Longstreet  was  expected  to  appear. 

The  evening  of  the  28th,  about  six  o'clock,  King's  division 
was  marching  alono-  the  Warrenton  Pike  towards  Centreville, 

o  o 

ignorant  of  the  fact  that  Jackson's  corps  was  posted  on  his 
left  flank,  and  behind  the  old  railroad  grade,  when,  about  mid 
way  between  Gainesville  and  Groveton,  King  was  attacked  by 
Jackson,  and  a  sharp  engagement  followed  ;  King's  troops, 
crossing  to  the  north  side  of  the  Pike,  drove  the  enemy  for  a 
short  distance,  and  occupied  that  ground  until  one  o'clock  on 
the  morning  of  29th,  when  they  fell  back  towards  Manassas 
Junction.  Pope  thought  Jackson  was  retreating,  and  that 
King's  battle  was  an  attempt  to  bar  his  retreat. 

The    morning   of   the    2gth   was   clear.      Ricketts'   division 
marched  at  daylight.'    Later  in  the  day  it  became  quite  sultry; 


1862  THE    THUNDER    OF    BATTLE    HEARD.  171 

but  with  little  rest  the  column  pressed  on  until  Bristoe  Station 
was  reached,  where  the  wagon  train  was  found  and  a  couple  of 
hours'  rest  was  enjoyed  ;  after  which  the  troops  moved  in  the 
direction  of  Manassas  Junction.  Late  in  the  afternoon  the 
column  halted.  Heavy  firing  had  been  heard  since  noon,  in 
the  direction  of  Groveton,  and  it  still  continued.  At  dark  the 
column  headed  in  the  direction  of  Groveton,  near  which,  on 
the  Sudley  Springs  road  north  of  Warrenton  Pike,  the  troops 
halted  at  about  ten  o'clock.  Ricketts'  division  was  posted  in 
the  rear  of  King's*  (now  commanded  by  Hatch),  who  had 
fought  the  enemy  and  driven  them  slightly  back.  No  fires 
were  allowed,  the  men  going  into  bivouac  behind  their  stack  of 
arms. 

During  the  day  a  severe  battle  had  been  fought  by  a  por 
tion  of  Pope's  army  with  Jackson's  command  and  part  of 
Loncrstreet's,  the  advance  of  whose  column  reached  Groveton 

o 

about  noon,  and  formed  on  the  right  of  Jackson.  The  whole 
day  Pope  labored  under  the  impression  that  the  Confederates 
were  retreating,  and  that  Jackson  was  merely  holding  the 
Union  army  in  check  until  he  could  successfully  form  a  junc 
tion  with  Longstreet.  At  the  close  of  the  engagement  the 
advantage  seemed  to  rest  with  the  Union  forces,  and  Pope, 
during  the  night,  prepared  his  army  for  the  pursuit  on  the  fol 
lowing  morning. 

Longstreet's  march  to  reach  Jackson  had  been  a  severe 
one,  and  the  experience  of  the  Confederates  was  similar  to  that 
of  the  Union  army.  "The  march  from  the  Gap  was  inde 
scribably  severe,  the  weather  being  exceedingly  warm,  and 
Avater  not  obtainable  except  in  ditches  or  stagnant  pools  on  the 
side  of  the  road  ;  these  were  eagerly  drained  by  the  half- 
famished  men.  with  their  heat  and  green,  slimy  skim,  regardless 
of  the  animated  nature  which  at  other  times  would  have  been 
so  revolting  to  them.  *  '  'T  Corn-fields  and  gardens  in  the 
vicinity  of  Groveton  suffered  terribly,  no  rations  having  been 
issued  to  us  for  several  days  previous  ;  these  were  our  only 
resources  against  the  ravages  of  hunger,  and  the  fields  around 
were  dotted  with  half-starved  Confederates,  who  were  plucking 


172  THE    NINTH    NEW    YORK.  August 

the  daily  rations  of  corn  to  be  distributed,  three  ears  to  the 
man."  (^History  of  Seventeenth  Virginia,  C.  S.  A.~) 

On  the  morning  of  the  3Oth,  Pope  telegraphed  Halleck 
that  the  battle  of  Groveton.  as  he  called  the  en^aijement  of 

o     o 

the  previous  clay,  was  a  complete  success  ;  the  enemy  had  been 
on  the  defensive  throughout  and  had  given  ground.  The 
enemy  apparently  were  moving  towards  the  mountains,  and  as 
soon  as  the  corps  of  General  Porter  should  arrive  from 
Manassas,  an  immediate  forward  movement  would  be  made. 

The  enemy's  line  extended  about  north  and  south  from 
Sudley  Springs  on  the  left,  to  a  point  a  mile  south  of  the  War- 
renton  Pike  on  their  right.  Longstreet's  whole  force  was  in 
position,  and  the  Confederates  were  preparing  to  fight  the  de 
cisive  battle  of  the  campaign.  General  Po^e,  still  possessed 
with  the  idea  that  the  enemy  were  meditating  a  retreat,  which 
was  partly  confirmed  early  in  the  morning  by  the  withdrawal 
for  a  short  distance  of  a  portion  of  their  line,  issued  his  orders 
for  the  pursuit  of  the  enemy;  intrusting  to  General  McDowell 
the  conduct  of  the  advance.  At  a  conference  of  general  offi 
cers  about  eight  o'clock,  however,  General  Stevens  of  t he- 
Ninth  corps,  whose  command  had  been  engaged  with  the 
enemy  the  day  before,  and  whose  pickets  reported  the  enemy 
still  in  force  in  their  front,  insisted  that  the  enemy  had  not 
retreated;  whereupon  he  was  ordered  to  make  a  reconnoissance 
in  his  front,  then  abour  a  mile  north  of  Warrenton  Pike-,  and 
opposite  the  center  of  Jackson's  line.  A  skirmish  line  from 
the  Seventy-ninth  Highlanders,  of  his  division,  soon  developed 
the  enemy's  position  behind  the  railroad  embankment.  Never 
theless,  at  noon,  General  Pope  issued  the  following  order: 


SPECIAL  ORDER  ) 
No.  —  ( 

HEADQUARTERS,  NEAR  GROVETON, 

August  30,  1862,  12  M. 

The  following  forces  will  be  immediately  thrown  forward  in  pursuit  of  the  enemy 
and  press  him  vigorously  during  the  whole  day.  Major-General  McDowell  is  assigned 
to  the  command  of  the  pursuit. 

Major-General  Porter's  corps,  will  push  forward  on  the  Warrenton  turnpike,  fol 
lowed  by  the  divisions  of  Brigadier-Generals  King  and  Reynolds. 


FIELD    of   SECOND 

BULL  RUN 

AUG. 29-30-1832 
POSITION    ON   30TH. 


,         ::t? 

i K 


i862  SECOND    BATTLE    OF    BULL    RUN.  173 

The  division  of  Brigadier-General  Ricketts  will  pursue  the  Haymarket  road,  fol 
lowed  by  the  corps  of  Major-General  Heintzelman  ;  the  necessary  cavalry  will  he 
assigned  to  these  columns  by  Major-General  McDowell,  to  whom  regular  and  frequent 
reports  will  be  made. 

The  General's  Headquarters  will  be  somewhere  on  the  Warrenton  turnpike. 

By  command  of  Major-General  POPE. 

GEO.  D.  RUGGLES, 

Colonel  and  Chief  of  Staff. 

At  "this  time  Heintzelman's  two  divisions,  under  Hooker 
and  Kearny,  were  on  the  right,  supported  by  Ricketts'  divi 
sion  ;  two  divisions  of  Porter's  corps  occupied  the  center,  sup 
ported  by  King's  division,  under  General  Hatch  ;  while  Rey 
nolds,  with  the  Pennsylvania  Reserves,  temporarily  attached  to 
the  Third  corps,  occupied  the  left,  south  of  the  Warrenton 
Pike,  his  left  resting  near  the  Henry  house.  Sigel's  corps, 
and  the  divisions  of  Reno  and  Stevens  of  the  Ninth  corps, 
were  held  in  reserve. 

About  four  o'clock  in  the  afternoon  the  action  began  by 
the  advance  of  Porter's  corps,  which  struck  against  the  left 
center  of  Jackson's  line.  Hatch's  division  followed,  but  both 
commands  were  repulsed  after  a  portion  had  crossed  the  rail 
road  embankment,  and  engaged  in  an  almost  hand-to-hand  en 
counter  with  Jackson's  veterans.  As  the  Union  troops  swept 
up  towards  the  railroad  embankment,  they  were  met  by  a 
withering  fire  of  musketry,  and  were  also  assailed  by  volleys 
of  stones  thrown  by  those  of  the  enemy  whose  ammunition 
was  exhausted.  On  the  extreme  right  Hooker's  and  Kear- 
ny's  divisions,  supported  by  Ricketts',  succeeded  in  partially 
turning  the  left  flank  of  the  enemy,  but  they  were  finally  re 
pulsed.  It  was  about  noon  when  Hartsuff's  brigade  under 
Stiles,  moved  to  the  right,  and,  although  not  actively  engaged, 
performed  all  the  duties  required  of  it.  Its  time  for  action 
came  later  in  the  day. 

While  these  movements  were  going  on  north  of  the  Pike, 
Reynolds  had  been  called  on  to  furnish  reinforcements  to  that 
part  of  the  Union  line,  and  his  flank  was  greatly  weakened  in 
consequence.  Longstreet  now  advanced  his  troops  for  the 
purpose  of  turning  Pope's  left  flank.  At  the  moment  when 


174  THE    NINTH    NEW    YORK.         •  August 

Jackson's  line  had  been  pierced,  that  officer  sent  to  General 
Lee  for  help  ;  Longstreet  was  ordered  to  furnish  it,  but  just 
then  he  had  established  a  position  from  which  his  guns  could 
enfilade  the  left  of  the  Union  line,  and,  instead  of  sending  the 
men  asked  for,  he  opened  such  a  fire  upon  the  unprotected 
flank  of  Pope's  line  that  it  prevented  any  further  advance 
against  Jackson. 

McDowell  now  realized  that,  instead  of  leading  an  advance 
against  a  retreating  enemy,  he  must  reverse  the  order  of  the 
day,  and  act  purely  on  the  defensive,  for  Longstreet's  move 
ments  indicated  that  he  meant  to  obtain  possession  of  the 
Warrenton  Pike,  and  thus  completely  double  up  the  left,  and 
cut  off  the  Union  line  of  retreat  by  way  of  the  Stone  Bridge. 
Troops  were  now  hurried  from  the  right,  among  them  Hart- 
suff's  and  Tower's  brigades,  accompanied  by  Hall's  and  Lep- 
pien's  Maine  batteries  and  a  brigade  of  Reno's  division,  and 
sent  south  of  the  Pike  ;  a  portion  of  Sigel's  troops,  too,  were  ' 
hurried  to  the  threatened  point.  All  interest  was  no\v  cen 
tered  on  the  left  of  the  line,  and  for  an  hour  or  more  com 
parative  quiet  reigned  on  the  right. 

While  Longstreet's  movements  had  been  somewhat  masked 
by  the  woods  through  which  he  passed,  Reynolds  had  detected 
it,  but  had  not  force  enough  to  oppose  the  advance  ;  his  re 
port  of  the  situation,  however,  soon  brought  the  troops  men 
tioned,  and  others,  to  that  portion  of  the  field.  Reynolds' 
Third  brigade  had  not  yet  left  its  position  to  march  to  the 
north  of  the  turnpike,  where  it  had  been  ordered,  when,  about 
five  o'clock,  Longstreet  made  a  spirited  advance  with  Hood's 
division,  supported  by  the  balance  of  his  corps.  Longstreet, 
in  his  report,  says  :  "  The  attacking  columns  moved  steadily 
forward,  driving  the  enemy  from  his  different  positions  as  rap 
idly  as  he  took  them.  My  batteries  were  thrown  forward  from 
point  to  point  following  the  movements  of  the  general  line." 

The  Union  troops,  in  order  to  stem  the  tide  of  Long- 
street's  movement,  had  occupied  Bald  Hill  Ridge,  and  the 
Henry  Hill  in  its  rear.  There  were  scattered  detachments  of 
troops  between  and  about  chose  two  points,  but  no  continuous 


1862  DEFENSE    OF    BALD    HILL.  I  75 

line.  Tower's  command,  his  own  and  the  brigade  of  Hart- 
suff,  and  Schenck's  division  of  Sigel's  corps,  with  other  troops 
were  sent  to  Bald  Hill,  and  here  occurred  some  of  the  most 
obstinate  fighting  of  the  day.  The  Union  troops  were  forced 
back,  however,  the  last  position  maintained  on  the  field  being 
the  Henry  Hill,  and  which  was  successfully  defended  until 
long  after  darkness  had  given  the  rest  of  the  army  time  to  fall 
back  across  Bull  Run. 

We  now  turn  to  the  fortunes  of  the  NINTH  during  the  day : 
The  regiment  left  its  bivouac  shortly  afternoon,  and  as  t  lie  re 
serve  troops  were  being  constantly  moved  from  one  part  of  the 
field  to  another,  the  position  was  frequently  changed.  During 
the  attack  by  Porter's  and  Hatch's  troops,  large  numbers  of 
wounded  men  and  many  stragglers  passed  to  the  rear.  The 
wounded,  generally,  were  cheerful  under  their  afflictions,  and 
constantly  urged  those  troops  passing  to  the  front  to  ''  pitch 
in  and  give  'em  hell."  Rarely  was  a  word  spoken  by  any  of 
them  that  would  tend  to  discourage  the  supports. 

About  three  o'clock  in  the  afternoon  the  regiment  moved 
into  a  piece  of  woods  to  the  rear  of  the  right  flank  of  the  army, 
where  the  men  were  ordered  to  leave  their  knapsacks — and  that 
was  the  last  the  owners'  ever  saw  of  them.  Muskets  were  then 
loaded  and  the  men  expected  to  enter  the  "  smoke  of  battle  " 
at  that  point,  but  instead  a  hurried  march  was  made  down  the 
Suclley  Road,  across  the  Warrenton  Pike,  to  a  position  in  rear 
of  Bald  Hill.  Upon  halting,  the  men  began  to  look  round  for 
wood  and  water  ;  they  had  had  nothing  to  eat  since  morning, 
except  a  dry  cracker  or  two,  and  they  wanted  some  coffee. 
Before  fires  could  be  kindled,  however,  the  command  "  fall  in" 
was  given,  and  the  column  hurridly  marched  to  the  edge  of 
the  woods  upon  Bald  Hill.  \\hen  line  of  battle  was  formed 
the  NINTH  was  on  the  left  of  the  brigade,  and  at  this  time  the 
extreme  left  of  the  line  of  battle.  The  men  stood  within  the 
woods,  three  or  four  yards  from  the  cleared  field,  for  some  ten 
or  fifteen  minutes,  before  anything  appeared  in  their  front  ; 
then  a  line  of  men  was  seen  advancing,  but  whether  friends  or 
foes  could  not  be  determined.  The  flag  they  carried  was  not 


176  THE    NINTH    NEW    YORK.  August 

recognized.  Soon,  however,  the  line  was  near  enough  to  dis 
tinguish  the  gray  uniforms  and  slouched  hats  of  the  enemy. 
They  were  permitted  to  approach  within  fifty  yards  before  the 
order  to  fire  was  given,  and  then  such  a  well-directed  volley 
was  poured  into  their  ranks  that  the  line  halted.  Several 
more  deliberate  volleys  were  fired,  the  enemy  returning  the  fire 
with  spirit,  but  not  attempting  to  advance  further. 

It  was  soon  discovered  that  other  bodies  of  troops  were 
working  round  to  the  left  and  rear  of  the  brigade,  while  shot 
and  shell  were  being  poured  into  the  woods  from  batteries  in 
front,  and  in  order  to  prevent  being  turned  on  the  left  by  the 
greatly  superior  numbers  of  the  enemy  at  that  point,  orders 
were  given  to  fall  back.  The  movement  was  quietly  and  suc 
cessfully  executed.  When  the  Sudley  Road  was  reached  the 
Twelfth  and  Fourteenth  regulars  were  found,  drawn  up  in  line, 
and  the  NINTH,  with  the  rest  of  the  brigade,  again  faced  to  the 
front,  and  from  behind  a  fence  poured  several  volleys  into  the 
ranks  of  the  advancing  enemy,  who  replied  with  vigor,  but  did 
not  attempt  to  charge.  But  Longstreet's  right  was  gradually 
enveloping  the  left  of  the  Union  line,  and  soon  both  musketry 
and  artillery  fire  enfiladed  this  position  and  necessitated 
another  movement  to  the  rear.  A  position  on  the  Henry  Hill 
was  maintained  until  after  dark,  repeated  assaults  on  that 
point  being  repulsed  by  our  brave  troops.  At  nine  o'clock  the 
force  holding  the  hill  began  an  orderly  retreat,  crossing 
Young's  Branch  and  marching,  by  way  of  the  Stone  Bridge,  to 
wards  Ccntreville,  at  which  place  the  NINTH  arrived  about 
midnight.  After  roll-call  the  men  dropped  down  behind  their 
stacks  of  muskets,  too  much  exhausted  to  think  of  either  food 
or  drink. 

During  the  excitement  of  the  battle  the  men  thought  little 

o  *> 

of  the  terrible  losses  sustained  by  the  brigade.  In  the  thick 
of  the  fight  General  Tower  was  severely  wounded  and  obliged 
to  leave  the  field  ;  Colonel  Webster,  of  the  Twelfth  Massachu 
setts,  had  been  mortally  wounded.  Major  Rutherford  and 
Lieutenant  Isaac  C.  Huntington,  of  the  NINTH,  were  both 
wounded.  The  regiment  lost  in  killed  twelve,  twenty-one 


MCDOWELLS  REPORT.  177 

wounded  and  forty-three  prisoners.  The  killed  were  :  Com 
pany  A,  Alfred  Jones,  Alexander  Mercer,  Joseph  R.  Mitchell, 
Elias  A.  Stone  and  Edward  Wheelock ;  Company  D,  William 
F.  Butler  and  Robert  D.  Garrison  ;  Company  E,  August  O. 
Beauche  ;  Company  F,  Joseph  H.  Blakeney  ;  Company  G, 
Thomas  Kiley  and  Edward  A.  Le  Barnes  ;  Company  I,  Robert 
L.  Riker.  The  brigade  lost  six  hundred  and  fifty-seven,  of 
whom  two  hundred  and  sixty-five  were  prisoners. 

In  the  defense  of  Bald  Hill,  too,  Colonel  Koltes,  command 
ing  a  brigade  of  Schenck's  division  of  Sigel's  corps,  was  killed, 
while  General  Schenck  was  severely  wounded.  A  Texas  bri 
gade  of  Longstreet's  command  is  reported  to  have  lost  nine 
hundred  and  fifty-eight  in  killed,  wounded  and  missing  in  the 
assault. 

General  McDowell,  in  his  report,  says:  The  attack  on  the  Bald  Hill  Ridge  line 
had  been  loo  severe  for  the  troops  to  hold  it  long  under  the  hot  fire  the  enemy  main 
tained  upon  it.  To  fight  and  retreat,  and  retreat  and  fight,  is  a  severe  test  of  soldier 
ship,  and  it  is  an  abuse  of  words  to  say  the  men  were  either  demoralized  or  dis 
organized,  as  has  been  said.  It  was  a  defeat  but  not  a  rout ;  though  we  lost  the  posi 
tion,  it  had  been  held  long  enough  to  aid  in  protecting  the  retreat  of  our  men  on  the 
right,  who,  as  they  came  in,  either. formed  behind,  or  in  rear  of  the  line  on  the  north  of 
the  Warrenton  turnpike.  The  loss  reHects  no  discredit  on  those  who  were  engaged 
there,  they  only  yielded  to  the  overwhelming  force  of  the  whole  right  wing  of  the 
enemy's  army, 

In  another  report,  he  further  says:  The  campaign  had  been  short  and  severe. 
Seldom  had  an  army  been  asked  to  undergo  more  than  the  men  performed.  With 
scarcely  a  half  day's  intermission  the  corps  (3d)  was  either  making  forced  marches,  many 
times  through  the  night,  without  food,  or  were  engaged  in  battle.  We  had  to  sepa 
rate  from  our  supplies,  and  generals  as  well  as  privates  had  no  food,  or  only  such  as 
could  be  picked  up  in  the  orchards  or  corn  fields  along  the  road.  In  all  this  the 
patience  and  endurance  and  general  good  conduct  of  the  men  were  admirable. 

The  Confederates  looked  upon  Pope's  "  Address  "  to  his 
army  in  the  same  spirit  as  did  many  of  the  Union  Soldiers. 
Colonel  Owen,  in  "The  Washington  Artillery  of  New  Orleans," 
says  of  the  battle  :  "  Pope  has  found  'lines  of  retreat'  and 
has  not  seen  the  '  backs '  of  Lee,  Longstreet,  '  Stonewall '  Jack 
son  and  their  men." 

Rain  began  to  fall  during  the  night,  and  when  Sunday 
morning  dawned  the  outlook  was  dreary  enough.  But  although 
defeated— in  this,  the  first  great  battle  in  which  the  NINTH 


I  /8  THE    NINTH    NEW    YORK.  September 

had  been  actively  engaged — the  men  were  by  no  means  dis 
pirited,  but  were  ready  to  meet  the  enemy  and  give  a  good 
account  of  themselves.  The  division  marched  about  two  miles 
towards  Fairfax  Court  House,  where  rations  were  issued,  and 
where  the  NINTH  remained  till  the  following  day.  Early 
Monday  morning,  September  ist,  Stonewall  Jackson's  com 
mand,  preceded  by  Stuart's  cavalry,  having  crossed  Bull  Run 
at  Sudley  Springs,  on  Sunday,  were  marching  on  the  Little 
River  turnpike  by  way  of  Chantilly,  in  an  endeavor  to  strike 
the  Union  army  in  flank  as  it  moved  towards  Washington, 
whither  it  had  been  ordered  by  General  Halleck.  Stuart's 
advance  reached  a  point  within  shelling  distance  of  the  Warren- 
ton  Pike,  and  for  a  short  time  caused  some  confusion  amontr  the 

•  <^> 

wagon  trains,  but  he  was  finally  driven  back.  Meanwhile 
Stevens'  division,  and  one  brigade  of  Reno's,  of  the  Ninth 
corps,  had  been  sent  to  intercept  Jackson's  infantry,  and  at 
about  five  o'clock,  struck  his  skirmish  line  just  as  it  had  passed 
the  hamlet  of  Chantilly.  Owing  to  the  sickness  of  Reno, 
General  Stevens  took  command  on  the  field,  and,  realizing  the 
importance  of  checking  Jackson  and  thus  preventing  his  cut 
ting  into  the  retreating  lines  of  the  Union  Army,  formed  his 
command  of  less  than  three  thousand  men,  for  an  assault  ; 
then  he  sent  back  to  the  Pike — some  two  miles  distant — for 
help. 

Without    waiting    for    reinforcements,    however,     Stevens 

O 

ordered  his  division  to  move  forward,  and  when  within  three 
hundred  yards  of  the  enemy's  line  of  battle,  he  gave  the  com 
mand  to  charge  ;  such  was  its  force  and  directness  that  Jack 
son's  entire  corps  was  compelled  to  halt  and  act  on  the  defen 
sive.  The  enemy  was  checked,  two  or  three  brigades  driven 

back  in  confusion,  but  the  gallant  Stevens,  while  cheering  on 

« 

his  men,  and  holding  aloft  the  flag  of  the  Seventy-ninth  New 
York  (Highlanders) — six  of  whose  color-bearers  had  already 
been  shot  down — was  instantly  killed. 

General  Kearny,  with  Birney's  brigade  of  his  division,  now 
appeared  on  the  field,  and  assumed  command,  but  the  enemy 
made  no  further  attempt  to  advance.  Birney's  brigade  was 


I862  BATTLE    OF    CIIANTILLV.  179 

thrown  in  on  the  left  of  the  line,  and  opened  so  well-directed 
a  fire  on  the  enemy  in  their  front  that  they  retired.  While 
riling  in  advance  of  the  line,  and  just  as  darkness  was  gather 
ing  over  the  woods  and  rendering  objects  indistinct,  Kearny 
r  >de  into  the  enemy's  lines  and  was  shot.  His  body  was 
returned  the  next  day  under  a  flag  of  truce.  The  body  of 
General  Stevens  had  been  carried  off  the  field  and  tenderly 
cared  for  by  the  Seventy-ninth,  whose  Colonel  he  had  been  the 
year  before. 

Longstreet's  troops  reached  the  field  just  as  Jackson's  men 
had  been  driven  back.  A  severe  thunder-storm,  accompanied 
by  a  heavy  rain,  had  burst  upon  the  vicinity  just  as  the  action 
began,  and,  darkness  closing  rapidly,  the  Confederate  army 
halted  for  the  night,  believing  that  a  large  part  of  Pope's 
army  was  in  its  front.  During  the  night  most  of  the  Union 
troops  were  withdrawn  from  the  field  :  their  mission  had  been 
accomplished,  but  Major-Generals  Kearny  and  Stevens,  than 
whom  no  better  or  braver  soldiers  ever  drew  sword,  were 
added  to  the  list  of  general  officers  who  had  been  killed  while 
leading  their  troops  into  action. 

The  NINTH — with  the  brigade — had  followed  in  support 
of  Kearny's  troops,  and  was  drawn  up  in  line  of  battle  as  a 
reserve  in  case  of  need,  but  was  not  called  into  action.  Dur 
ing  the*  progress  of  the  battle  the  wounded  were  carried 
through  the  line  to  the  hospital  in  the  rear,  and  the  brigade 
remained  on  the  field  till  the  next  morning,  ready  to  repel  any 
assault  on  that  part  of  the  line.  The  heavy  rain,  late  in  the  after 
noon,  had  thoroughly  soaked  the  ground,  and  the  hay  and 
straw  found  in  stacks  near  by  was  liberally  used  to  keep  the 
men  out  of  the  mud  and  water  as  they  lay  on  their  arms  dur 
ing  the  night. 


I  So  THE    NINTH    NEW    YORK.  September 

LETTERS  : 

Arlington,  Sept.  — ,  1862. 

*  *  *  We  fought  at  Manassas  on  Saturday  and  Thoroughfare  Gap  on  Thursday. 
Are  on  the  retreat,  but  think  it's  done  to  mislead  the  rebels.  *  *  *  I  did  not  get  a 
scratch,  though  I  could  feel  the  bullets  as  they  whizzed  past.  I  was  second  man  from 
the  colors,  and  they  were  completely  riddled.  *  *  *  We  lost  all  our  knapsacks  and 
are  in  a  bad  fix ;  have  no  clothes  or  blankets,  but  what  I  fought  in.  I  lost  all  your 
pictures.  *  «  *  You  ought  to  see  me  now,  you'd  swear  I  was  no  relation  of  yours. 
I  have  on  Government  shoes,  full  of  holes,  the  remnants  of  a  pair  of  pants  tucked  in  legs 
of  stockings,  an  apology  for  a  coat,  two  very  dirty  shirts,  an  old  cap,  and  never  another 
thing  have  I.  Some  of  the  boys  are  barefooted,  others  bareheaded.  Each  man  carries 
100  rounds  of  cartridges.  *  *  *  (During  the  battle)  my  gun  got  so  hot  I  could 
hardly  hold  it,  and  I  got  so  excited  that  after  it  was  all  over  I  was  taken  with  cramps 
in  my  stomach  and  the  doctor  cupped  me  in  three, places.  *  *  *  One  of  our  company 
raised  his  piece  to  fire  over  my  shoulder,  when  a  ball  struck  him  in  the  breast  and  he 
fell  on  me  dead.  *  *  *  All  my  clothes  and  little  comforts  were  in  my  knapsack,  which 
was  lost.  Just  think  of  a  reb.  going  through  them  and  getting  all  that  I  cared  so 
much  to  keep.  However,  if  I  don't  look  fine,  I'm  as  happy  as  a  king.  Don't  worry 
about  me.  Supplies  are  on  the  way  to  us.  I  intend  to  do  my  duty,  and  if  I  fall  it's  all 
right,  but  I'd  like  to  see  the  end  of  it.  *  *  *  L —  -  sends  his  love  to  all  ;  he  is  now 
washing  out  his  tin  cup  ;  says  he  had  a  grand  stew  for  dinner — crackers  and  water. 


1862  AN    INCIDENT    IN    PASSING.    •  l8l 


CHAPTER  X. 

THE  MARYLAND  CAMPAIGN  -BATTLES    OF  SOUTH    MOUNTAIN  AND 

ANTIETAM. 

After  the  Second  Bull  Run.— An  Incident  at  Fairfax  Court  House. — In  Camp  at 
Hall's  Hill. —  Pope  Relieved. —  McClellan  in  Command. — Lee's  Plan  of  Invasion. — 
The  Enemy  Cross  the  Potomac. — The  Union  Army  on  the  March. — Maryland 
Don't  "  Breathe  and  Burn"  for  ti.e  Southern  Cause. — Lee's  Special  Order,  No.  191. — 
"  Brother  Jonathan  "  Hats. — The  Reception  at  Frederick. — Battle  of  South  Moun 
tain. — Popularity  of  McClellan. — On  the  Banks  of  the  Antietam. — Night  before 
the  Battle. — Situation  on  the  Morning  of  the  I7th. — Battle  of  Antietam.— "  Send 
Me  Your  Best  Brigade." — Operations  on  the  Left. — Burnside's  Bridge. — The 
Losses  in  Battle. — "  Hartsuff's  Brigade  at  Antietam." 

COME  of  the  NINTH,  upon    reaching   Fairfax   Court   House, 
were  witnesses  of   an  amusing  scene  which  is   here  given 

o  o 

in  the  language  of  C.  S.  McClenthen,  a  member  of  the  Twenty- 
sixth  New  York  volunteers  : 

"  We  halted  for  some  moments  close  to  some  wagons,  one 
of  which  was  found  to  be  laden  with  loaves  of  bread.  On  mak 
ing  the  discovery  a  number  of  soldiers  made  a  rush  for  the 
prize,  and  then  ensued  a  scene,  which,  could  it  have  been  trans 
ferred  to  canvas,  would  have  made  the  fortune  of  the  artist. 
Those  first  at  the  wagon  succeeded  in  getting  their  arms  fall, 
but  found  it  impossible  to  escape  through  the  crowd  with  their 
'booty,  for  they  were  assailed  by  those  on  the  outside  and  a 
general  scramble  ensued.  Artillery,  cavalry,  and  infantry  men 
were  tangled  up  in  one  confused  mass,  crawling  over  or  under 
each  other,  some  with  a  loaf  in  each  hand,  while  others  had 
merely  what  their  closed  fingers  could  hold,  the  rest  having 
been  pulled  off  by  more  fortunate  comrades.  If  one  succeeded 
in  making  his  escape  from  the  crowd  with  a  whole  loaf  he  was 
followed  by  a  dozen  men  in  an  eager  race  for  a  share.  The 
scene  was  ludicrous  beyond  description.  As  I  had  no  desire  to 
have  my  clothes  torn  from  my  back,  and  to  be  trampled  under 


1 82  THE    NINTH    NEW    YORK.  September 

Foot  by  my  companions,  I  remained  a  passive  but  much  amused 
spectator,  and  laughed  heartily,  as  the  poor  driver,  who,  seeing 
the  hopelessness  of  any  remonstrance,  had  remained  on  his  seat, 
and,  as  the  last  loaf  disappeared,  shouted,  "  Sold  out  and  hain't 
ijot  a  cent !" 

o 

The  NINTH  continued  its  march  in  retreat,  by  way  of 
Bailey's  Cross  Roads,  passing  through  a  fertile,  well-watered 
country,  the  orchards  of  apple  and  peach  trees  tempting  many 
of  the  men  to  wander  a  little  from  the  road,  and  help  them 
selves  to  the  fruit  without  asking  the  consent  of  the  owners. 
At  a  late  hour  in  the  evening,  after  a  march  of  som^  twenty 
miles,  the  troops  bivouacked  at  Hall's  Hill,  distant  about  five 
miles  from  the  Chain  Bridge,  and  in  sight  of  the  Capital. 
Many  of  the  troops  were  also  encamped  in  the  vicinity  of 
Upton's  Hill.  General  Palfrey,  in  his  volume,  The  Antietam 
and  Frederic ksburg,  page  2,  says  : 

It  is  not  to  be  imagined  that  the  Union  forces  thus  collected  in  front  of  Washington 
were  a  rabble.  It  is  true  that  even  successful  battle  produces  disorganization,  and  that 
defeat — still  more  a  series  of  defeats — produces  much'  more.  Officers  are  killed  and 
wounded,  men  stray  from  their  colors,  arms  and  equipments  are  lost,  and  much  con 
fusion  is  caused,  and  the  effective  force  of  an  army  is  sometimes  very  seriously  im 
paired  ;  but  with  even  tolerable  troops  it  is  very  rarely  destroyed  altogether,  even  for  a 
day.  It  hardly  ever  happens  that  all  the  troops  on  either  side  are  engaged.  *  *  * 
These  bodies  of  troops,  except  in  extreme  cases,  preserve  their  organization  and  their 
efficiency.  *  *  *  Then  in  war,  it  is  the  universal  principle  that  there  is  never  a 
vacancy.  The  instant  a  superior  falls,  the  man  next  in  rank  to  him  takes  his  place  with 
out  an  order,  without  an  assignment.  *  *  Thus,  except  in  those  very  rare  cases  in 
which  an  army  becomes  a  mob,  even  defeat  works  no  destruction  of  the  frame\vork  of 
the  great  machine.  *  *  *  Thus,  after  the  severe  defeat  which  Lee  inflicted  upon  Pope 
the  rear  guard  of  infantry,  artillery,  and  cavalry  was  orderly  and  calm,  and  formed  a 
strong  line  between  the  Federal  and  Confederate  forces. 

The  disastrous  results  of  the  campaign  just  ended  led  to 
Pope's  removal,  although  "  officially  "  he  asked  to  be  relieved. 
McClellan,  who  had  followed  his  army  from  the  Peninsula,  was 
again  placed  in  command  of  the  troops,  and  a  new  Army  of 
the  Potomac  was  formed,  consisting  of  McClellan's  old  army 
and  the  Army  of  Virginia.  In  the  reorganization,'  McDowell 
was  also  relieved  and  his  late  command  assigned  to  the  First 
corps  under  General  Joseph  Hooker.  The  division  command- 


1 862  LEE'S    INVASION.  183 

ers  were  Generals  King,  Ricketts  and  Meade.  Ricketts'  divis 
ion  consisted  of  the  brigades  of  Generals  Tower,  Duryea,  and 
Hartsuff,  the  command  of  the  latter  was  composed  of  the 
Twelfth  and  Thirteenth  Massachusetts,  Eleventh  Pennsylva 
nia,  and  the  NINTH  New  York. 

For  a  short  time  the  men  in  camp  enjoyed  peace  and  plenty. 
Sutler  Ralph,  who  had  been  unable  to  open  his  stock  since 
leaving  Culpeper,  did  a  thriving  business,  and  the  me:\  fared 
well.  The  casualties  of  battle  and  the  losses  by  disease,  to 
gether  with  a  number  of  transfers,  had  so  reduced  the  regi 
ment,  that  out  of  nearly  twelve  hundred  on  the  rolls  in  1861, 
much  less  than  half  that  number  were  present  to  enter  upon 
the  Maryland  Campaign. 

Swinton,   in  his  J^wclve  Decisive  Battles  of  the  War,  says: 

At  Chantilly,  Lee  sat  alone  in  his  lent,  revolving  in  his  mind  the  events  of  that 
astonishing  campaign  which  had  witnessed  the  defeat  of  two  Union  armies,  whose 
broken  fragments  lay  on  the  Potomac  like  the  stranded  wreck  of  a  noble  fleet.  While 
thus  the  Confederate  Commander  meditated,  there  dawned  upon  him  the  conception 
•of  a  stroke  more  bold  than  all  the  deeds  yet  done — a  stroke  which  seemed  to  make 
past  performance  tame  by  plenitude  of  its  promise.  That  for  which  he  had  assumed 
the  offensive  was  already  attained — the  armies  of  McClellan  and  Fope  had  been 
hurled  back  to  the  point  whence  they  set  out  on  the  campaign  of  the  spring  and  sum 
mer,  the  siege  of  Richmond  was  raised,  the  war  was  transferred  from  the  banks  of 
the  James  and  Rapidan  to  the  borders  of  the  Potomac.  Why  should  he  not  now  pass 
the  borders,  and  raise  the  standard  of  revolt  on  Northern  soil,  overwhelm  the  demoral 
ized  remnants  of  his  adversary  and  dictate  a  Peace  in  the  Capital  of  the  Union?  The 
thought,  assuming  shape  in  his  mind,  determined  itself  in  a  resolve,  and  hastily  pen 
ning  a  dispatch,  Lee,  from  Chantilly,  on  the  night  of  the  2nd  September,  1862, 
announced  to  the  Chief  of  the  Confederacy  in  Richmond  his  purpose  to  move  on  the 
morrow  into  Maryland.  Such  was  the  origin  of  that  first  Condederate  invasion  which 
culminated  in  the  battle  of  Antietam. 

The  Editor  is  greatly  tempted  to  dwell  at  length  upon  the 
feeling  of  alarm  which  prevailed  at  the  Capital — and  through 
out  the  whole  North — when  it  was  learned  that  Lee's  army 
had  crossed  the  border.  It  was  indeed  a  "  dark  day  "  for  the 
Nation.  The  limits  o.  a  regimental  history,  however,  forbid, 
and  we  must  follow  the  fortunes  of  the  NINTH. 

McClellan,  acting  now  on  the  defensive,  was  obliged  to 
wait  until  the  enemy's  plans  were  developed.  Meanwhile  he 
vigorously  prosecuted  the  work  of  reorganizing  his  army. 


184  THE    NINTH    NEW    YORK.  September 

The  advance  of  the  Confederates  crossed  the  Potomac  on 
the  morning  of  the  5th,  at  the  fords  above  Leesburg.  Leaving 
Banks  with  about  fifteen  thousand  men  to  occupy  the  defences 
of  Washington,  McClellan  began  his  march,  also,  on  the  5th, 
The  NINTH  broke  camp  on  the  evening  of  the  6th,  and  at 
half-past  ten  crossed  the  Potomac  on  the  Aqueduct  bridge  ; 
thence  passing  through  Georgetown  and  Washington  to  the 
Rockville  turnpike,  continued  the  march,  with  short  intervals 
for  rest,  until  near  daylight  of  the  7th,  when  the  tired  men 
were  allowed  to  drop  down  upon  the  ground  for  a  few 
moments'  repose.  After  scarcely  an  hour's  rest,  hardly  suf 
ficient — even  for  veterans — to  recover  from  the  fatigue  of  the 

o 

long  night  march,  the  column,  at  five  o'clock,  again  moved  for 
ward,  passing  through  Leesboro,  and,  about  the  middle  of  the 
afternoon,  halted  at  Mechanicsville.  The  march  this  day  was  an 
easy  one  ;  an  abundance  of  fruit,  eagerly  partaken  of  by  the  rnenv 
seemed  to  refresh  them,  and  the  people,  being  mainly  Union 
ists,  the  soldiers'  hearts  were  gladdened  by  seeing  the  National 
emblem  displayed  by  those  who  wore  bright  and  smiling  faces. 
What  a  change  it  was  from  Virginia  !  There  fruit  was  scarce, 
but  Union  people  scarcer  still.  A  smile  from  a  native  there 
would  be  the  subject  of  comment  among  the  men,  while  here, 
in  "  My  Maryland,"  the  Union  feeling  predominated  and 
Secessionists  hid  their  heads.  The  NINTH  remained  at  Mechan 
icsville  while  other  portions  of  the  army  were  taking  the  places 
assigned  them  in  the  grand  army. 

In  his  report  of  the  campaign,  General  Lee  outlined  his  in 
tended  plan  of  operations.  It  was  to  move  his  army  into 
Western  Maryland  and  establish  communication  with  Rich 
mond  by  way  of  the  Shenancloah  Valley.  By  thus  threatening 
Pennsylvania  he  would  draw  the  Union  Army  away  from  Wash 
ington  and  its  base,  and  also  compel  the  evacuation  of  Harper's 
Ferry  and  Martinsburg. 

McClellan  organized  his  force — of  about  eighty-five  thou 
sand  men — into  three  grand  divisions,  the  Right,  consisting  of 
the  First  and  Ninth  corps,  was  placed  under  command  of 
General  Ambrose  E.  Burnside  ;  the  Center  was  under  General 


1862  CONFEDERATES    IN    MARYLAND.  185 

FLdwin  V.  Sumner,  and  was  composed  of  the  Second  and 
Twelfth  corps,  while  the  Left  was  made  up  of  the  Fifth  and 
Sixth  corps,  and  was  led  by  General  William  B.  Franklin. 
The  troops  were  so  disposed  as  to  cover  Washington  and 
Baltimore,  Franklin's  left  resting  on  the  Potomac,  while  Burn- 
side's  right  reached  a  point  nearly  twenty-five  miles  north. 

Stonewall  Jackson's  column,  the  advance  of  the  Confeder 
ate  Army,  had  entered  FYederick  on  the  6th.  On  the  8th, 
General  Lee  issued  an  address  "  To  the  People  of  Maryland," 
wherein  he  stated  the  purpose  of  the  invasion  "  so  far  as  that 
purpose  concerns  yourselves."  The  Confederate  leader  called 
upon  the  people  to  "  throw  off  the  foreign  yoke  "  and  flock  to 
his  standard.  The  result  was  not  what  he  expected.  As  a 
Confederate  author  puts  it  :  "  They  had  been  asked  to  come 
and  'breathe  and  burn.'  They  haven't  burned  much  so  far." 

Portions  of  the  Union  Army  were  advancing  on  Frederick, 
the  expected  uprising  did  not  occur,  and  Lee  ordered  the  evac 
uation  of  the  place.  As  the  Confederate  troops  passed 
through  the  city  "  there  stood  on  a  small  gallery  a  buxom 
young  lady,  with  laughing  black  eyes,  witnessing  the  scene 
before  her ;  on  her  breast  she  had  pinned  a  small  flag,  the  Stars 
.and  Stripes.  This  was  observed,  and  some  soldier  sang  out  : 
'  Look  h'yar,  miss,  better  take  that  flag  down  ;  we're  awful  fond 
•of  charging  breast  works  !'  but  the  loyal  lady  stood  by  her 
colors  till  the  column  passed."  (Col.  \Vm.  M.  Owen,  in 
Washington  Artillery  of  New  Orleans.} 

General  McClellan  had  advised,  the  evacuation  of  Harper's 
Ferry,  but  his  advice  was  unheeded  by  the  authorities  at 
Washington.  Lee  now  set  about  capturing  the  Union  force 
there,  and,  on  the  Qth,  issued,  the  following  : 

SPECIAL  ORDERS,  ) 
No.  191.  \ 

HEADQUARTERS,  ARMY  OF  NORTHERN  VIRGINIA, 

September  9,  1 862. 

The  army  will  resume  its  march  to-morrow,  taking  the  Hagerstown  road.  General 
Jackson's  command  will  form  the  advance,  and  after  passing  Middletown,  with  such 
portion  as  he  may  select,  take  the  route  towards  Sharpsburg,  cross  the  Potomac  at 
the  most  convenient  point,  and  on  Friday  night  ^the  I2th),  take  possession  of  the  Haiti- 


1 86  THE    NINTH    NEW    YORK.  September 

more  and  Ohio  Railroad,  and   capture  such    of  the  enemy  as  may  be  at  Martinsburg, 
and  intercept  such  as  may  attempt  to  escape  from  Harper's  Ferry. 

General  Longstreet's  command  will  pursue  the  same  road  as  far  as  Boonsboro, 
where  it  will  halt  with  the  reserve,  supply,  and  baggage  trains  of  the  army. 

General  McLaws,  with  his  own  division  and  that  of  General  R.  H.  Anderson,  will 
follow  General  Longstreet ;  on  reaching  Middletown  he  will  take  the  route  to  Harper's 
Ferry,  and  on  Friday  morning  (12  inst.)  possess  himself  of  the  Maryland  Heights,  and 
endeavor  to  capture  the  enemy  at  Harper's  Ferry  and  vicinity. 

General  Walker,  with  his  division,  after  accomplishing  the  object  in  which  he  is 
now  engaged,  will  cross  the  Potomac  at  Cheeks  Ford,  ascend  its  right  bank  to  Lovetts- 
ville,  take  possession  of  Loudoun  Heights,  if  practicable,  by  Friday  morning,  Keys  Ford 
on  his  left,  and  the  road  between  the  end  of  the  mountain  and  the  Potomac  on  his 
right.  He  will,  as  far  as  practicable,  co-operate  with  General  McLaws  and  General 
Jackson  in  intercepting  the  retreat  of  the  enemy.  General  D.  H.  Hill's  division  will 
form  the  rear  guard  of  the  army,  pursuing  the  road  taken  by  the  main  body.  The 
reserve  artillery,  ordnance  and  supply  trains,  etc,  will  precede  General  Hill. 

General  Stuart  will  detach  a  squadron  of  cavalry  to  accompany  the  commands  of 
Generals  Longstreet,  Jackson  and  McLaws,  and  with  the  main  body  of  the  cavalry  will 
cover  the  route  of  the  army  and  bring  up  all  stragglers  that  may  have  been  left  behind.. 

The  commands  of  Generals  Jackson,  McLaws  and  Walker,  after  accomplishing  the 
objects  for  which  they  have  been  detached,  will  join  the  main  body  of  the  army  at 
Boonsboro  or  Hagerstown.  Each  regiment  on  the  march  will  habitually  carry  its  axes 
in  the  regimental  ordnance  wagons,  for  use  of  the  men  at  their  encampments,  to  pro 
cure  wood,  etc. 

By  command  of  General  R.  E.  LEE. 

R.  H.  CHILTON, 

Assistant  Adjutant-General. 

While  the  Union  troops  were  marching  along  towards  the 
enemy,  the  "  Johnnies  "  were  making  the  most  of  their  first 
visit  among  the  towns  of  the  loyal  State.  Like  the  "  Yanks" 
in  Virginia,  the  "  Rebs  "  cut  some  queer  antics,  many  of  which 
were  productive  of  more  merriment  to  them  than  to  the  inhab 
itants.  Colonel  Owen  says  of  their  visit  to  Hagerstown  on 
the  1 2th  : 

One  merchant  had  upon  his  shelves,  where  they  had  lain  for  many  years, 
about  one  hundred  old-fashioned,  bell-crowned  beaver-hats,  with  long  nap  upon  them, 
just  the  style  our  fathers  wore,  and  caricaturists  are  wont  to  place  them  upon  the  head 
of  Brother  Jonathan.  These  were  discovered  by  some  funny  fellow,  who  appeared 
upon  the  street  with  one  upon  his  head.  The  "a  la  mode  "took  like  wild  fire — as  new 
fashions  always  do — and  the  store  was  soon  relieved  of  the  stock  of  beavers,  and  the 
streets  were  thronged  with  men  with  the  new  "  Brother  Jonathan  "  hat.  They  wore 
them  upon  the  march,  and  went  into  the  battle  of  Antietam  with  this  most  peculiar 
head-gear  for  warriors. 


1 862  CONFEDERATE    ORDER,   NO.     1 9  I.  1 87 

To  return  to  the  regiment  which  we  left  at  Mechanics- 
ville.  The  brigade  received  an  addition  to  its  strength  on  the 
9th,  by  the  arrival  of  the  Sixteenth  Maine,  a  new  regiment, 
fresh  from  the  Pine  Tree  State.  On  the  morning  of  the  loth, 

o 

the  advance  was  continued.  The  men  marched  all  day,  under 
a  hot  sun  and  a  cloudless  sky,  a  distance  of  fifteen  miles,  and 
towards  evening  bivouacked  in  the  neighborhood  of  Cooks- 
ville,  where  they  remained  for  the  next  two  days.  During  the 
nth,  a  refreshing  shower  cooled  the  air  and  laid  the  dust. 
On  the  1 2th,  clothing  was  issued,  and  in  the  afternoon  the 

o 

command  marched  through  Lisbon  and  Poplar  Springs,  halt 
ing  late  in  the  afternoon  near  Ridgeville.  At  an  early  hour 
on  the  1 3th,  the  men  again  shouldered  their  muskets,  and 
pushed  on  after  the  enemy,  who  was  now  reported  to  be 
retreating.  The  route  led  through  Ridgeville,  where  the  Six- 

<_5  O  ^> 

teenth  Maine  was  left  as  a  railroad  guard  ;  New  Market  was 
passed,  and  at  half-past  six  in  the  afternoon  a  halt  was  ordered 
near  Frederick. 

Just  about  the  time  the  troops  came  to  a  halt,  Sergeant 
John  B.  Bloss  and  Corporal  W.  A.  Mitchell,  of  Company  F, 
Twenty-seventh  Indiana,  Colonel  Colgrove,  of  Gordon's  bri 
gade,  William's  division,  of  the  Twelfth  corps,  while  looking 
about  a  deserted  camp  of  one  of  the  Contederate  regiments, 
noticed  what  was  supposed  to  be  only  a  little  roll  of  paper  ; 
but  "  Mitchell  "  kicked  at  it,  and  curiosity  prompted  him  to 
pick  it  up,  when,  much  to  his  gratification,  he  found  the  paper 
contained  three  cigars  ;  perhaps  he  lit  one,  and  gave  his  com 
rade  one  of  the  others,  and  then  casually  glanced  at  the  paper, 
which  at  first  he  supposed  to  be  a  letter.  It  proved  to  be  a 
copy  of  Lee's  order,  No.  191,  and  was  addressed  to  General 
D.  H.  Hill.  The  important  paper  soon  found  its  way- 
through  "  the  official  channels  "to  General  McClellan,  who  thus 
early  became  aware  of  the  division  of  the  Confederate  forces 
—towards  Martinsburg  and  Harper's  Ferry.  This  was  the 
opportunity  of  General  McClellan's  military  life.  "  It  cannot 
be  said  that  he  did  not  act  with  considerable  energy,  but  he 
did  not  act  with  sufficient.  The  opportunity  came  within  his 


1 88  THE    NINTH    NEW    YORK.  September 

reach,  such  an  opportunity  as  hardly  ever  presented  itself  to  a 
Commander  of  the  Army  of  the  Potomac,  and  he  almost 
grasped  it,  but  not  quite."  (Palfrey's,  The  Antietam  and 
Fredericksburg. ) 

Early  in  the  morning  of  the  i4th,  the  troops  were  again  on 
the  march.  The  roads  were  much  crowded  and  progress 
was  slow.  The  NINTH  was  on  familiar  ground.  As  the  loyal 
city  of  Frederick  was  approached  the  ranks  were  "dressed," 
and,  with  drums  beating  and  colors  flying,  the  column  passed 
through  amid  the  the  plaudits  of  gaily-dressed  women  and 
children,  who  showered  favors  upon  their  country's  defenders. 
The  Union  troops  were  received  with  open  arms  and  thankful 
hearts.  Union  flags  were  displayed  at  every  turn,  and  were 
waved  by  the  little  ones  to  the  shouts  of  "  Hurrah  for  Mat- 
tellan."  .  National  airs  were  sung  by  the  older  sisters  and 
brothers,  while  still  others — the  good  mothers  and  fathers — 
made  haste  to  supply  the  hungry  and  thirsty  (soldiers  are 
always  hungry  and  thirsty)  "boys  in  blue "  with  substantial 
creature  comforts.  These  courtesies  had  compelled  a  halt  of 
the  column,  but  only  for  a  few  moments.  "Forward"  was 
the  watchword.  Early  in  the  afternoon  General  Hatch  re 
lieved  General  King  of  the  command  of  the  First  division. 

The  artillery  and  baggage  wagons  occupied  the  middle  of 
the  roads,  while  the  infantry  plodded  along  as  best  they  could 
on  the  roadsides  and  through  the  fields.  Upon  arriving  at  the 
summit  of  the  Catoctin  Range,  a  little  west  of  the  city,  the 
smoke  of  battle  was  observed  on  South  Mountain,  still  further 
to  the  west.  Groups  of  citizens  had  gathered  to  witness  the 
— to  them — novel  sight,  and  they  fully  expected  to  see  a 
battle  take  place  on  the  banks  of  Catoctin  Creek.  Descending 
the  western  slope  of  the  range,  Middletown  was  soon  reached, 
and  there  the  scenes  described  at  Frederick  were  repeated. 
When  Jackson  passed  through  on  the  loth,  and  observed  two 
young  ladies,  among  others,  conspicuously  wearing  the  Union 
colors,  he  is  reported  to  have  said .  "We  seem  to  have  but  few 
friends  here."  The  rear  guard  of  the  enemy  had  only  left 
Middletown  in  the  morning,  but  before  retiring  had  fired  the 


FIELD  OF 

SOUTH  ]MOU 

SEPT.  14  1862 


Union  Troops  A.M 
Union  Troops  P.  M 
Confederates  A.M 
Stone  Walls  &  Fe/-£es 


1862  BATTLE    OF    SOUTH    MOUNTAIN.  189 

bridge  over  Catoctin  Creek,  and  when  the  NINTH  reached  that 
point  the  timbers  were  still  burning.  A  dwelling-house  and 
barn  were  also  burning  near  by,  and  a  number  of  the 
Brooklyn  Fourteenth  were  at  work  with  an  old  fire-engine 
endeavoring  to  subdue  the  flames. 

It  was  now  quite  late  in  the  afternoon.  The  Ninth  corps 
had  obtained  a  foot-hold  at  Fox's  Gap,  a  short  distance  to  the 
left  of  the  turnpike,  while  the  divisions  of  Hooker's  corps  had 
effected  a  lodgment  at  Turner's  Gap,  through  which  the  turn 
pike  crossed  the  South  Mountain.  Artillery  firing  had  been 
heard  nearly  all  day,  and  now,  as  the  regiment  approached  the 
battle-field,  the  musketry  was  distinctly  heard.  The  sound  of 
this  soon  ceased,  and  although  the  artillery  still  kept  up  a 
desultory  fire,  it  was  supposed  to  be  the  last  echoes  of  the  en 
gagement.  After  fording  a  small  stream  a  halt  for  an  hour 
was  made,  during  which  the  rattle  of  small-arms  was  renewed. 
The  regiment  was  then  ordered  to  march  to  the  right  of 
the  Pike  into  an  open  field  near  the  base  of  the  mountains. 
Here  the  men  were  directed  to  leave  their  knapsacks,  and  then 
they  knew  that  the  battle  was  not  over,  and  that,  doubtless, 
they  would  have  an  opportunity  of  sharing  in  the  "glory  "  of 
the  day.  General  Hatch  had  been  wounded  during  the  en 
gagement  and  General  Doubleday  assumed  command  of  the 
F"irst  division. 

Obliqueing  to  the  left,  the  brigade  proceeded  up  the  steep 
mountain  side  as  rapidly  as  the  nature  of  the  ground  permit 
ted,  the  road,  filled  with  small  loose  stones,  was  difficult  to 
travel.  It  was  found  that  Ricketts'  division  was  the  reserve, 
and,  as  it  was  not  called  into  action,  suffered  little.  But  one 
man  in  the  NINTH  was  killed,  Charles  W.  Wood,  of  Company 
H,  and  one  wounded.  Gibbon's  brigade  of  Hatch's  division 
was  on  the  turnpike,  and  suffered  the  most  in  driving  Col- 
quitt's  brigade  of  D.  H.  Hill's  division.  The  other  brigades 
of  Hatch  were  some  distance  to  the  right  of  the  Pike,  and  on 
their  right  was  Meade's  division,  the  extreme  right  being  held 
by  Seymour's  brigade.  Ricketts'  command  was  drawn  up  in 
the  rear  about  midway  between  Hatch  and  Meade.  When  or- 


190  THE    NINTH    NEW    YORK.  September 

dered  to  advance,  Hartsuff's  brigade  was  sent  to  support  Gib 
bon.  The  Union  troops  pressed  bravely  on  ;  Meade  succeed 
ed  in  turning  the  enemy's  left,  while  Hatch  pushed  back  their 
center,  but  it  was  not  until  after  dark  that  the  enemy  gave 
way  along  their  entire  line.  Ricketts'  division  was  then  moved 
forward  to  hold  the  line  during  the  night.  About  midnight 
two  brigades  from  Sumrer's  command  were  sent  up  to  relieve 
a  portion  of  Hooker's,  who  had  been  fighting  during  the  day. 
The  Ninth  corps  had  carried  Fox's  Gap  about  the  same  time 
that  Turner's  was  occupied,  but  General  Reno  had  been  killed 
— a  sad  loss  to  the  Union  Amiy. 

The  Left  Grand  division  under  Franklin  had  also  won  a 
battle  at  Crampton's  Gap,  some  six  miles  further  south  on  tne 
mountain,  and  it  was  hoped  the  troops  would  get  through  in 
time  to  save  Harper's  Ferry,  but  in  this  they  failed.  Inasmuch 
as  the  Confederates  fought  these  battles  for  purely  strategical 
reasons,  and  succeeded  in  their  strategy,  they  did  not  feel  very 
sore  over  their  tactical  defeat.  They  had  delayed  the  advance 
of  the  Union  Army  long  enough  to  ensure  Jackson's  success 
at  Harper's  Ferry,  where,  on  the  morning  of  the  i5th,  he  bagged 
the  whole  Union  force  of  about  twelve  thousand  men,  and  a 
large  park  of  artillery.  To  quote  Gsneral  Palfrey  again  :  "A 
night  march  of  his  (McClellan's)  left  and  right  wings  on  the 
evening  of  the  i3th — a  far  easier  march  than  Jackson  made 
on  the  night  of  the  I5th,  from  Harper's  Ferry  to  Sharpsburg— 
would  have  given  him  possession  of  both  passes  (Turner's  and 
Crampton's  Gaps)  early  in  the  morning  of  the  i4th,  and  if  he 
had  been  there,  it  is  hard  to  see  how  he  could  have  failed  to  do 
such  things  as  fairly  startle  one  to  think  of." 

Daylight  of  the  I5th  brought  a  flag  of  truce  from  the  enemy, 
with  a  request  for  an  armistice  to  allow  them  to  bury  their 
dead  ;  but  it  was  too  clearly  an  excuse  for  delaying  the  march 
of  the  Union  troops,  and  about  eight  o'clock  an  advance  was 
ordered.  In  a  short  time  the  NINTH  halted  at  the  Mountain 
House — a  country  hotel — on  the  gap  road,  and  at  the  summit 
of  the  pass.-  A  few  scattered  houses  were  nearby,  all  of  which 
had  been  deserted  by  their  occupants  during  the  battle.  The 


1862  "  LITTLE    MAC." 

men  were  short  of  rations, — two  crackers  only  had  been  given  as 
the  day's  supply;  and  as  soon  as  the  column  halted  the  neigh 
boring  houses  and  gardens  were  ransacked  for  fruit  and  vege 
tables,  and  such  other  eatables  as  could  be  obtained.  Even 
the  knapsacks,  one  belonging  to  a  member  of  Company  H,  of 
the  NINTH  (lost  at  Bull  Run),  and  haversacks  of  the  enemy, 
many  of  which  were  found  lying  about,  were  searched  for  food, 
and  quite  a  supply  was  gained  from  this  source.  "  Necessity 
knows  no  law." 

Squads  of  prisoners  soon  began  passing  to  the  rear,  show 
ing  that  the  Union  cavalry  were  following  up  closely  the 
retreating  enemy,  and  picking  up  the  stragglers.  After  con 
siderable  delay,  owing  to  the  narrow  road  and  the  large 
number  of  troops,  the  march  was  continued.  Boonsboro  was 
reached,  where  a  loyal  welcome  was  received,  and  then  the 
column  pressed  on  to  Keedysville,  near  Antietam  Creek, 
beyond  which  stream  Lee's  army  was  drawn  up  in  a  strong 
position  for  defence.  During  the  afternoon  General  McClellan 
passed  along  the  road,  his  appearance  being  hailed  with  such 
hearty  cheers  that  the  sound  of  the  cannonading  in  front  was 
completely  drowned.  No  General  in  the  Union  Army  was 
ever  so  popular  with  the  rank  and  file  as  "  Little  Mac." 

Volleys  and  scattering  musketry  firing  were  heard  late  in 
the  afternoon,  and  which  continued  till  near  sundown.  At  a  late 
hour  the  NINTH  went  into  bivouac  near  Antietam  Creek,  the 
men  a  little  tired  after  the  march  of  twelve  miles  over  the 
rough  mountain  road,  but  ready  for  the  expected  battle. 

The  morning  of  the  i6th  was  hot  and  sultry,  and  so 
continued  all  day.  A  full  supply  of  rations  made  the  men 
feel  good — nothing  like  a  full  stomach  on  the  eve  of  battle 
to  put  an  army  in  good  fighting  trim.  Artillery  and  musketry 
could  be  head  all  the  forenoon  ;  the  latter,  however,  was 
merely  that  of  the  skirmish  or  picket  line.  Hooker's  corps 
did  not  move  till  about  two  o'clock  in  the  afternoon,  when 
Doubleday,  with  the  First  division,  took  the  lead,  followed  by 
Meade  with  the  Third,  while  Ricketts  brought  up  the  rear. 
Hartsuff's  brigade  moved  between  three  and  four  o'clock, 


192  THE    NINTH    NEW    YORK.  September 

making  a  detour  of  about  a  mile  to  escape  the  enemy's 
artillery  fire,  and  crossing  the  creek  by  a  bridge,  the  second 
above  the  "Burnside"  bridge,  while  other  portions  of  the 
corps  crossed  at  Kelty's  Ford  still  further  up  the  stream. 
After  crossing,  the  column  headed  first  to  the  left,  then  to  the 
right,  and,  after  marching  over  a  number  of  fields  and  jumping 
several  ditches,  line  of  battle  was  formed  a  little  southwest  of 
Dunbar's  mill,  and  near  the  road  leading  to  the  Dunker 

<j 

Church.  Artillery  was  planted  in  the  field,  in  front  of  the  line 
of  battle,  and  from  which  the  enemy  had  just  been  driven. 
But  little  fighting  had  occurred  at  close  quarters  during  the 
day,  and  that  little  was  by  Meade's  division,  for  the  purpose 
of  obtaining  a  position.  During  the  night  Ricketts'  division 
was  moved  into  the  woods  to  the  right  of  its  first  position, 
and,  owing  to  the  darkness,  much  difficulty  was  experienced  by 
the  men  in  keeping  the  ranks  properly  closed.  What  little 
sleep  the  men  managed  to  snatch  was  frequently  interrupted 
by  alarms  on  the  picket  line,  Hood's  division  of  the  enemy, 
which  had  been  driven  back,  keeping  up  an  intermittent  fire, 
which  was  replied  to  by  the  Union  soldiers.  Less  than  five 
hundred  yards  separated  the  opposing  lines.  That  a  decisive 
battle  was  about  to  be  fought,  possessed  the  minds  of  all,  and 
General  Hooker's  remark,  that  "To-morrow  we  fight  a  battle 
that  will  decide  the  fate  of  the  Republic,"  found  an  echo  in 
the  minds  of  many  of  his  men  who  lay  and  shivered  in  the 
cool  night  air. 

Early  morning  of  the  eventful  i  7  th  was  foggy,  but  after 
wards  the  day  was  clear  and  pleasant,  so  far  as  Nature  was  con 
cerned,  the  minds  of  men  alone  being  torn  by  conflicting  emo 
tions.  A  brief  review  of  the  situation  will  enable  the  reader 
the  better  to  understand  what  follows  :  The  Antietam,  from 
which  the  Union  troops  named  the  battle,  is  a  crooked  stream, 
its  general  direction  being  a  little  west  of  south  ;  its  nearest 
point  to  the  town  of  Sharpsburg — the  battle  name  adopted  by 
the  Confederates — is  about  two-thirds  of  a  mile.  Within  the 
limits  of  the  field  the  stream  is  crossed  by  three  stone 
bridges,  between  and  near  which  are  several  fords.  At  only 


THE    UNION    AND    CONFEDERATE    LINES.  193 

one  of  the  bridges,  however,  was  there  any  serious  fighting, 
that  on  the  left,  n  jvv  known  as  the  "  Burnside"  bridge.  The 
Hagerstovvn  Pike  runs  north  from  the  town  ;  and  about  a  mile 
beyond,  on  the  left  of  the  road,  is  situated  the  Dunker 
Church,  surrounded,  except  on  the  east,  by  woods,  which  also 
extend  three-quarters  of  a  mile  north  of  the  church,  broken 
only  by  a  small  cleared  field,  about  half  a  mile  north  of  the 
building.  Directly  opposite  this  small  cleared  field,  and  on 
the  east  of  the  Pike,  is  a  still  larger  field  (Dr.  Miller's  farm) 
broken  somewhat  by  the  buildings  and  fences.  A  part  of  this 
field  was  filled  with  standing  corn.  Beyond  the  corn  field,  to  the 
•east,  was  a  strip  of  woods,  now  known  as  the  East  Woods.  It 
was  in  these  woods  and  fields,  north  and  east  of  the  Dunker 
Church,  that  the  most  desperate  fighting  occurred,  and  which 
involved  the"  right  of  the  Union  line  of  battle. 

On  the  extreme  right  of  the  Union  line,  and  resting  on  the 
Hagerstown  Pike,  was  Doubleday's  division  of  Hooker's  corps; 
Meade's  division  of  Pennsylvania  Reserves  was  next  on  the 
left,  and  then  Ricketts'  division.  Mansfield's  Twelfth  corps 
had  followed  Hooker's,  and  was  posted  about  a  mile  in  the 
rear.  It  consisted  of  two  divisions  commanded  by  Generals 
Crawford  and  Greene.  The  Second  corps  was  still  further 'in 
the  rear.  A  portion  of  Porter's  Fifth  corps  was  also  across 
the  creek,  posted  on  the  left  and  rear  of  Hooker's  line. 

The  Union  left  was  held  by  the  Ninth  corps  and  General 
Cox's  Kanawha  division,  under  General  Burnside,  and  the 
troops  were  posted  on  high  ground  east  of  the  creek,  com 
manding  the  bridge  still  held  by  the  enemy.  The  Kanawha 
division  was  on  the  extreme  left,  opposite  a  ford  below  the 
bridge ;  Rodman's  division  of  the  Ninth  corps  was  opposite 
the  bridge.  Sturges'  division  was  next  on  the  right,  while 
Willcox's  division  was  in  reserve  in  rear  of  Rodman.  The 
bridge  was  a  narrow  structure,  and  the  approaches  on  the 
Union  side  were  through  open  fields  without  any  cover,  except 
a  few  rail  fences. 

Longstreet  held  the  ground  in  front  of  Burnside.  It  was  a 
most  favorable  one  for  defence,  consisting  of  a  series  of  undu- 


THE    NINTH    NEW    YORK.  September 

lating  hills  or  crests,  rising  towards  the  rear  of  the  enemy's 
position,  and,  beyond  the  strip  of  woods  which  lined  the  west 
bank  of  the  stream,  with  but  little  cover  for  an  assaulting  col 
umn.  Stonewall  Jackson  held  the  left  of  the  Confederate  line. 

McClellan's  plan  was  that  Hooker  should  attack  the  Con 
federate  left,  and,  when  the  battle  there  was  well  under  way, 
Burnside  should  carry  the  bridge  in  his  front  and  assail  the 
right. 

At  five  o'clock  the  "  Bucktails  "  of  Meade's  division  were 
on  the  skirmish  line  in  the  East  Woods,  and,  upon  advancing 
against  the,  enemy,  the  battle  was  opened.  Meade  pushed  on 
through  the  woods  and  across  the  open  fields,  driving  the 
enemy  across  the  Hagerstown  Pike  and  into  the  wood  beyond, 
where,  reenforced  by  fresh  troops,  they  made  a  determined 
stand,  a  .d  Meade's  shattered  line  was  obliged  to  halt.  As  the 
enemy  was  reenforced  the  Pennsylvania  men  fell  rapidly  under 
the  withering  fire,  and  Meade  was  compelled  to  order  a  retreat 
back  to  the  cover  of  the  East  Woods.  This  was  accomplished 
with  but  little  confusion,  although  the  enemy  poured  out  of 
the  woods,  across  the  Pike,  and  into  the  corn-field.  Other 
troops  from  the  Union  line  went  to  the  assistance  of  their 
hard-pressed  comrades,  but  all  were  gradually  driven  back  to 
cover.  Meanwhile,  on  the  right,  Doubleday's  division  had  also 
advanced  and  gained  some  important  advantages.  When 
Meade  was  driven  back,  Hooker,  who  was  anxiously  watching 
the  movements,  despatched  Captain  Somers,  of  his  staff,  to 
order  up  Ricketts'  division.  The  command  advanced  through 
the  woods,  Hartsuffs  brigade  in  the  center,  "the  other  t\vo 
in  echelon  to  the  rear,  to  the  right  and  left  respectively."  As 
the  men  were  pressing  through  the  woods  another  aide  gal 
loped  up  to  Ricketts  with  an  order  from  Hooker  for  "your  best 
brigade,  instantly  !"  Hartsuff  was  ordered  to  hurry  forward, 
and,  followed  by  Thompson's  battery,  double-quicked  to  the 
front,  and  soon  emerged  into  the  field  where  the  battle  was 
raging.  Shot,  shell  and  bullets  were  flying  thick  as  the  men 
pushed  through  the  woods  and  entered  the  open  field.  A  lit 
tle  ridge  in  front,  parallel  with  the  turnpike,  had  been  held  by 


FIELD  of 

NTTETAM 


J862  BATTLE    OF    ANTIETAM.  195 

Meade  for  a  while,  but  the  men  were  falling  fast.  Hooker 
now  ordered  Hartsuff  to  advance  and  hold  the  ridge,  and,  as 
the  brigade  passed,  Hooker  was  heard  to  say:  "I  think  they 
will  hold  it."  As  the  brigade  pushed  on  to  the  position  indi 
cated,  General  Hartsuff  was  struck  by  a  bullet,  and  fell  from 
his  horse  severely  wounded.  "  Don't  tell  the  boys  I'm 
wounded,"  he  said,  as  he  was  being  carried  from  the  field. 
Hartsuff's  fall  did  not  leave  the  brigade  without  a  competent 
commander,  for  Coulter,  of  the  Eleventh  Pennsylvania,  the 
senior  colonel  present  with  the  command,  at  once  assumed  the 
leadership — "  Forward,  Third  brigade  !"  and  up  the  hill  it 
went. 

A  barn  on  the  Rullet  farm,  some  little  distance  to  the  left 
of  the  corn-field  in  which  the  brigade  now  found  itself,  was  no 
ticed  burning.  On  the  men  went,  the  other  two  brigades  close 
ly  following,  and  at  last  the  ridge  was  gained  when  the  enemy 
fell  back  to  the  Pike,  sheltering  themselves  behind  the  stone 
wall  which  lined  its  eastern  side.  While  the  brigade  held  its 
position  upon  the  ridge  the  Twelfth  corps  was  engaged  on  the 
left.  The  gallant  commander,  Mansfield,  while  on  the  front  line 
directing  operations,  was  fatally  wounded.  General  Hooker, 
too,  had  received  a  severe  wound  in  the  foot,  and  was  compelled 
to  leave  the  field.  Hartsuff's  brigade — as  well  as  the  balance 
of  Ricketts'  division — were  now  nearly  out  of  ammunition  ; 
many  brave  men  had  fallen,  and  the  enemy  was  crowding  in 
fresh  men  to  regain  the  lost  ground.  Jackson's  old  veterans 
of  the  Valley  and  of  the  Peninsula,  fought  bravely  and  well, 
but  they  met  their  match  in  Hooker's  troops.  So  rapid  was 
the  musketryfire  that  the  men  of  Hartsuff's  brigade  soon  ex 
hausted  their  cartridges,  when  they  were  relieved  by  the 
Second  brigade,  the  Eighty-eighth  Pennsylvania,  taking  the 
place  of  the  NINTH.  Supports  from  the  Twelfth  and  Second 
corps  now  arriving,  Ricketts'  division  was  withdrawn  in  order 
that  the  men  might  replenish  their  cartridge  boxes.  Hartsuff's 
brio-ade,  having  suffered  the  most,  was  not  acrain  sent  into  the 

o  o  *-> 

front  line,  but  was  ordered  to  the  extreme  right,  where,  under 
Doubleday,  it  supported  a  battery  during  the  afternoon.  While 


196  THE    NINTH    NEW    YORK.  Septembcr 

in  this  position  Stuart's  cavalry  attempted  to  charge  0:1  the. 
guns,  but  were  met  with  such  a  storm  of  shell  and  shapnel 
that  they  were  compelled  to  fall  back.  Darkness  closed  the 
fighting  on  this  part  of  the  line,  with  the  field  mainly  in  posses 
sion  of  the  Union  troops. 

In  describing  the  part  taken  by  the  NINTH  a  member  of 
Company  E  wrote  : 

"  The  Twelfth  Massachusetts  was  on  the  right,  the  Eleventh  Pennsylvania  next, 
then  the  Thirteenth  Massachusetts,  and  our  regiment  on  the  left.  As  \ve  were  the  ex 
treme  left  we  had  to  march  through  the  woods,  and  as  we  moved  forward  the  rebels- 
got  behind  the  trees  and  kept  up  a  lively  fire ;  they  fell  back  from  one  tree  to  another 
until  we  drove  them  out  of  the  woods.  The  rebel  brigade  we  were  fighting  as  we  ad 
vanced  skedaddled  when  they  got  out  of  the  woods,  but  there  was  a  fresh  brigade 
opened  fire  on  us  when  we  got  on  the  crest  of  the  hill.  Then  commenced  as  desper 
ate  a  fight  as  could  occur.  The  brigade  in  front  of  us  was  one  of  Stonewall  Jackson's 
best,  old  veterans  who  had  been  all  through  the  battles  in  the  Valley  and  on  the 
Peninsula.  They  fought  bravely  and  well  but  at  last  were  compelled  to  fall  back.  *  *  "•- 
I  cannot  give  a  description  of  the  battle,  as  a  man  who  is  at  his  post  can  see  nothing 
but  what  occurs  immediately  about  him." 

The  subordinate  commanders  under  Jackson  were  Ewell, 
Hood  and  Starke. 

It  was  Wofford's  brigade  of  Hood's  division,  consisting  of 
the  First,  Fourth  and  Fifth  Texas,  Eighteenth  Georgia  and 
Hampton's  Legion,  that  confronted  Hartsuff's  brigade  during 
the  forenoon.  The  First  Texas  lost  a  color,  and,  according  to 
Colonel  Wofford's  report,  his  command  was  almost  annihilated, 
losing  in  killed,  wounded  and  missing,  over  one-half.  General 

o  •  o 

Starke,  a  division  commander,  and  Colonel  Douglass  command 
ing  a  brigade,  were  killed,  while  General  A.  R.  Lawton  and 
Colonel  Joseph  Walker  were  among  the  wounded. 

On  the  left  General  Burnside  had  met  with  strong  oppo 
sition  in  his  endeavors  to  carry  the  bridge.  First  General 
Crook's  brigade,  of  the  Kanawha  division,  preceded  by  skirm 
ishers  from  the  Eleventh  Connecticut,  and  supported  by 
Sturgis'  division,  made  the  attempt,  but  failed.  Then  the 
Sixth  New  Hampshire  and  Second  Maryland  of  Nagle's 
brigade  of  Sturgis'  division  tried,  but  they, .  too,  were  com 
pelled  to  fall  back  under  the  shower  of  bullets  which  swept 


i8j2  NUMBER    OF    TROOPS    ENGAGED. THE    LOSSES.  197 

across  the  narrow  bridge — hardly  wide  enough  for  a  dozen 
men  to  pass  abreast.  At  noon  McClellan  had  become  impa 
tient  at  the  delay,  and  sent  repeated  orders  for  Burnside  to 
push  his  men  across.  General  Ferrero's  brigade  of  Sturgis' 
division  was  then  ordered  to  the  work,  and  at  one  o'clock  the 
bridge  was  gallantly  carried,  but  over  five  hundred  had  fallen 
dead  and  wounded,  before  the  task  was  accomplished. 

The  Ninth  corps  then  crossed  the  creek,  the  enemy  retir 
ing  to  the  heights  near  Sharpsburg.  Willcox's  division  was  on 
the  right,  astride  of  the  road  leading  to  the  village,  while  the 
•other  divisions  were  ranged  on  the  left.  Rodman's  division 
had  crossed  at  the  ford  below  the  bridge,  and  when  it  advanced 
against  the  enemy,  captured  a  battery  and  partly  turned 
their  right  flank.  Just  at  this  moment,  however,  A.  P. 
Hill's  division  reached  the  field  from  the  Harper's  Ferry  ex 
pedition,  and  stemmed  the  tide  of  the  Union  advance.  Sup 
ported  by  some  of  the  regulars  from  Porter's  corps,  the  right 
of  Burnside's  line  held  the  advance  position — on  the  outskirts 
of  the  town — till  near  five  o'clock,  when  the  men  were  ordered 
to  withdraw  to  cover,  nearer  the  creek.  It  was  then  dark. 

The  number  of  Union  troops  engaged  in  the  battle  was 
about  sixty  thousand,  while  the  Confederates  had  some  forty 
thousand.  This  disproportion  was  more  than  neutralized  by 
the  Union  Army  being  the  attacking  party.  The  Union  loss, 
as  compiled  from  nominal  lists  of  casualties  and  returns,  was 
2,108  killed,  9,549  wounded  and  753  missing ;  total,  12,410. 
The  total  loss  of  the  enemy,  according  to  General  Longstreet, 
was  11,433. 

Ricketts'  division  carried  into  action  3,158  officers  and 
men,  and  its  loss,  according  to  official  figures,  was  172  killed, 
946  wounded  and  86  missing;  total,  1,204.  Hartsuff's  brigade 
lost  82  killed,  497  wounded  and  20  missing;  total,  599.  Ac 
cording  to  regimental  statistics,  the.  NINTH  lost  23  killed  and 
died  of  wounds,  88  wounded  and  3  missing  ;  total,  i  14.  The 
officers  wounded  were :  Captains  Ralph  A.  Lanning  and 
Eugene  Pickett.  and  Lieutenants  William  H.  Terwilliger  and 
Henry  P.  Clare.  The  enlisted  men  killed  were  :  Company  A, 


198  THE    NINTH    NEW    YORK.  September 

Corporal  William  C.  Robinson  and  Private  Joseph  H.  Sweezy  ; 
Company  B,  Corporal  Henry  Rheinlancler  and  Privates  Henry 
Bormann,  Frederick  Bunk  and  Henry  Rodgers  ;  Company  D, 
Privates  Francis  Lambert  and  Thomas  W.  Mykens  ;  Company 
F,  Corporal  William  H.  Cossman  ;  Company  G,  Corporal 
Charles  W.  Beecher  and  Privates  William  Foy,  Thomas  R. 
Grogan  and  Charles  Wr.  B.  Hr.rcl  ;  Company  H,  Privates 
Jeremiah  Bresnan,  Alexander  Deacon  and  Matthew  Murphy  ; 
Company  I,  Privates  Daniel  Curtin,  Peter  B.  Kinney  and 
Joseph  McAvoy  ;  Company  L,  Sergeants  John  H.  Scott  and 
Charles  J.  Cross,  Corporal  John  A.  Willers  and  Private  James 
Martin. 

Among  the  officers  especially  commended  for  their  bravery 
on  the  field  were  Captains  Hendrickson  and  Moesch,  men 
tioned  by  Colonel  Coulter  in  his  report  of  the  battle. 

A  hospital  had  been  established  at  Hoffman's  farm,  about 
a  mile  in  the  rear  of  Hooker's  line  of  battle,  and  after  first  aid 
had  been  rendered  on  the  field,  the  wounded  were  removed  to 
that  place.  During  the  battle  a  specially  organized  Ambu 
lance  corps  was  tried  for  the  first  time,  which  proved  of  great 
service  in  the  speedy  removal  of  the  wounded.  A  green  band 
about  each  attendant's  arm  designated  the  corps,  and  served 
as  a  safeguard  on  the  field,  but  stray  shots  would  sometimes 
find  a  lodgment,  even  among  the  non-combatants.  Assistant 
Surgeon  Albert  A.  Kendell,  of  the  Twelfth  Massachussetts, 
was  killed  while  at  the  amputating  table  on  the  field,  a  little  in 
rear  of  the  line  of  battle. 

From  a  letter,  written  a  few  days  after  the  battle,  we 
quote  the  following  : 

*  *  *  On  Wednesday  we  fought  the  hardest  and  bloodiest  battle  of  the  war,  so  far.. 
Our  brigade  suffered  badly  ;  were  under  a  galling  fire  two  hours  and  ten  minutes.  *  *  * 
Our  company  lost  thirteen  wounded  out  of  twenty-three.  Two  of  our  company  were 
shot  in  front  of  me  and  two  who  were  behind  me,  and  I  have  not  a  scratch.  Just  in 
front  of  us  a  house  was  burning,  and  the  fire  and  smoke,  flashing  of  muskets  and 
whizzing  of  bullets,  yells  of  the  men,  etc.,  were  perfectly  horrible.  *  *  *  The  ground 
for  two  miles  is  strewn  with  dead.  *  *  *  When  men  lie  from  Wednesday  to  Sunday 
with  wounds  undressed  I  feel  as  if  Glory  did  not  count  for  much.  *  *  *  The  Color 
corporal  was  shot  dead.  I  was  second  man  from  him  and  jumped  for  the  colors,  but 
Wm  J.  Barnes  of  our  company  got  there  first.  A  ball  passed  through  my  hat  and 


^862  HARTSUFF'S  BRIGADE  AT  ANTIETAM.  199 

Struck  the  man  behind  me  in  the  breast.  I  went  into  the  fight  with  a  strong  heart. 
When  I  saw  so  many  fall  I  expected  my  turn  would  soon  come,  but  I  loaded  and  fired 
as  fast  as  I  could.  I  tore  my  shirt  up  to  bind  up  some  wounds  and  did  not  get 
another  until  to-day,  so  I  have  a  fearful  cold, 

The  remains  of  four  members  of  the  NINTH  still  lie  in 
marked  graves  in  the  National  Cemetery  on  the  field  of 
Antietam  ;  others 

"  Sleep  where  their  friends  cannot  find  them  to-day  ; 
They,  who  in  mountain  and  hillside  and  dell, 
Rest  where  they  wearied,  and  lie  where  they  fell." 

The  service  performed  by  Hartsuff's  brigade  has  been  the 
theme  for  both  song  and  story  by  many  writers.  Smalley's 
New  York  Tribune  account  is  the  best  found  in  any  of  the 
papers,  and,  although  an  eye-witness  of  much  that  he 
described,  he  fell  into  the  error  of  placing  the  brigade  in 
Uoubleday's  division,  and  could  identify  but  two  of  the  four 
regiments. 

The  following  lines,  written  by  F.  Oliver  Flood,  of  Com 
pany  C,  of  the  NINTH,  were  suggested  by  the  occasion  : 

HARTSUFF'S  BRIGADE  AT  ANTIETAM. 

The  morn  broke  fair  o'er  wood  and  field 

That  bank  Antietam 's  stream  ; 
The  booming  cannon  early  broke 

The  soldier's  fitful  dream. 
To  Arms  !     To  Arms  !     Fall  in  !     Fall  in  ! 

To  ranks  they  quickly  run  ; 
The  columns  move  ;  the  troops  advance  ; 

The  battle  has  begun. 

The  rebel  columns  crossed  tlvj  pike 

And  turned  Joe  Hooker's  right  ; 
They  took  possession  of  the  ground 

That  he  had  held  o'er  night ; 
Thrice  had  our  men,  through  wood  and  corn, 

Charged  boldly  and  in  vain, 
To  turn  the  tide  of  Lee's  advance, 

The  vantage  ground  regain. 

Hooker  had  watched, — his  soldier  eye 

Had  seen  his  purpose  fail, — 
For  three  brigades  had  broke 

Before  the  lead  and  iron  hail. 


2OO  THE    NINTH    NEW    YORK.  September 

"  Send  me  at  once  an  old  brigade  !  " — 

To  Ricketts  Hooker  said, 
And  when  they  came  up  o'er  the  hill, 
Hartsuff  rode  at  their  head. 

Hartsuff  s  Brigade  of  the  First  Corps 
Came  down  in  double  time, 

And  passed  into  the  field  of  corn, 
A  firm,  unwavering  line. 

Fearless  out  of  the  woods  they  came, — 
Those  men  were  tried  and  true, 

No  better  men  upon  that  day- 
Had  worn  the  Nation's  blue. 

They  saw  their  pathway  strewn  with  dead 

Of  those  who  went  before  ; 
The  broken  corn,  the  cumb'rous  fence, 

Besmeared  with  other's  gore  ; 
Each  soldier's  heart  was  nerved  then 

To  deeds  of  valor  high, 
And  felt  their  country  needed  them 

To  win  the  field  or  die  ! 

Into  the  field  mid  deadly  grape, 

The  fences  clamb'ring  o'er, 
They  close  the  gaps  made  in  their  ranks 

And  leave  a  train  of  gore. 
The  last  fence  reached — they  halt ! — 

Must  they,  too,  backward  fall? 
Shall  lives  and  limbs  already  gone 

Be  no  avail  at  all  ? 

They  cheer  from  end  of  line  to  end, 

They  pour  a  with'ring  fire, 
They  onward  press  and  force  their  way — 

The  rebel  ranks  retire. 
"They'll  hold  it,"  said  'old  fighting  Joe,' — 

As  on  the  Pike  they  rushed — 
The  rebels  to  the  woods  beyond 

The  Dunker  Church  were  pushed. 

But  oh  !  the  deadly  fire  they  met, — 

That  rain  of  shot  and  shell, 
From  massed  ranks  of  bravest  men 

No  pen  can  ever  tell. 
They  held  the  ground  so  nobly  won, 

And  yet  how  great  the  cost ! 
This  old  Brigade  had  won  the  field, 

But  half  its  men  were  lost ! 


IS62  SEARCHING    FUR    THE    ENEMY.  2OI 


CHAPTER  XL 

AFTER  ANTIETAM. 

McClellan's  Reasons  for  Not  Renewing  the  Battle. — In  Camp  at  Sharpshurg. — The 
Emancipation  Proclamation. — Visit  of  President  Lincoln. — Yorktown  Hard-tack. — 
Stuart's  Raid. — The  President's  Letter  to  General  McClellan. — The  Army  Moves. 
— Rappahannock  Station. — Burnside  Relieves  McClellan. — The  Situation  of 
the  Army. — Dr.  Nordquist  and  the  Sixteenth  Maine. — Changes  in  the  Brigade. — 
Song  of  the  NINTH  N.  Y.S.  M. 

IT  was  comparatively  quiet  during  the  night.  When  day 
light  of  the  1 8th  appeared,  the  men  expected  that  the  bat 
tle  would  be  renewed.  The  enemy  was  still  in  force,  and  a  brisk 
skirmish  fire  was  soon  opened.  At  several  points  on  the  line, 
burial  parties  were  sent  out  from  each  side,  who  also  cared  for 
the  wounded.  This  day  passed  in  comparative  quiet.  At 
dark,  the  opposing  pickets  still  faced  each  other.  During  the 
night  of  the  iSth,  McClellan  ordered  the  corps  commanders 
to  attack  at  daylight;  when  that  hour  arrived  the  skirmish  line 
advanced,  but  found  no  enemy  to  oppose  them — they  had 
retreated  during  the  night  !  This  was  a  great  relief  to  the 
rank  and  file.  It  seemed  incredible,  however,  that  Lee's 
army  should  have  been  allowed  to  gain  the  south  side  of  the 
river  unmolested,  and  as  the  lines  moved  forward  the  men 
expected,  every  moment,  to  overtake  the  enemy  ;  but  no,  they 
had  all  crossed  the  Potomac,  most  of  them  by  the  ford  at 
Shepherdstown,  and  when  the  Union  troops  reached  the  bank 
of  the  stream,  the  enemy  was  discovered  strongly  posted  on 
^he  opposite  side,  and  guarding  well  the  various  crossings. 

v  I  he  great  campaign  then,  resulted  simply  in  driving  the 
enemy  back  into  Virginia,  but,  little  demoralized  by  their  fail 
ure  to  arouse  Maryland,  and  as  events  soon  proved,  as  fully 
able  as  ever  to  cope  with  the  Army  of  the  Potomac. 

It   is   not  the  province  of  a  regimental  history  to  criticise 


2O2  THE    NINTH    NEW    YORK.  September 

campaigns.      Enough  has  been  written  respecting  this  one  to 
fill    many    volumes.      The  general  verdict    is    that   McClellan 
failed  to  accomplish  that  which  he  had  the  means  to  perform— 
a    total    rout   of    the   Contederate   army.       The   General   has 
been  heard  in  his  own  defence  : 

The  night,  however  (of  the  17th),  brought  with  it  grave  responsibilities.  Whether 
to  renew  the  attack  on  the  i8th,  or  to  defer  it,  even  with  the  risk  of  the  enemy's  re 
tirement,  was  the  question  before  me.  After  a  night  of  anxious  deliberation,  and  a 
full  and  careful  survey  of  the  situation  and  condition  of  our  army,  and  the  strength 
and  position  of  the  enemy,  I  concluded  that  the  success  of  an  attack  on  the  i8th  was 
not  certain.  I  am  aware  of  the  fact  that,  under  ordinary  circumstances,  a  general  is 
expected  to  risk  a  battle  if  he  has  a  reasonable  prospect  of  success  ;  but  at  this  critical 
juncture,  I  should  have  had  a  narrow  view  of  the  condition  of  the  country,  had  I  been 
willing  to  hazard  another  battle  with  less  than  an  absolute  assurance  of  success.  At  that 
moment— Virginia  lost,  Washington  menaced,  Maryland  invaded — the  national  cause 
could  afford  no  risks  of  defeat.  One  battle  lost  and  almost  all  would  have  been  lost. 
Lee's  army  might  then  have  marched  as  it  pleased  on  Washington,  Baltimore,  Phila 
delphia,  or  New  York. 

The  General  then  goes  on,  and  in  detail  shows  the  losses 
in  the  various  corps.  He  also  says,  that  the  supply  trains 
were  not  up,  and  that  the  men  needed  provisions,  and  the 
artillery  ammunition.  Reinforcements  were  also  expected  to 
arrive  during  the  day.  We  quote  again  from  the  same 
source  : 

The  1 8th  was  therefore  spent  in  collecting  the  dispersed,  giving  rest  to  the  fatigued, 
removing  the  wounded,  burying  the  dead,  and  the  necessary  preparations  for  a  re 
newal  of  the  battle.  (McClellan's  Report  on  the  Organisation  and  Campaigns  of 
the  Army  of  the  Potomac,  pp.  393-395.) 

Many  in  the  Union  Army  thought  then — and  time  has  not 
changed  the  impression — that,  after  having  been  successful  in 
two  battles,  and  the  defeated  enemy  hemmed  in  between  a 
victorious  army  on  the  one  side  and  a  river  difficult  to  cross 
on  the  other,  the  victors  had,  at  least,  a  very  reasonable  pros 
pect  of  success  in  the  renewal  of  the  contest  on  the  i8th. 

The  NINTH  went  into  camp  near  Sharpsburg  during  the  day 

—  igth.     About    dark  General  Charles  Griffin,  with  a  portion 

of  two  brigades  from  the  Fifth  corps,    crossed    the    river   and 

attacked  some  batteries  of  the  enemy,  capturing  several    guns 


I  £62  CAMPED    NEAR    SHARPSBURG.  203 

and  caissons,  and  driving  the    infantry    back    about  half  mile. 
The  Confederate  army  had  fallen  back  towards    Winchester. 

On  the  2Oth  the  Sixteenth  Maine  re-joined  the  brigade. 
When  the  NINTH  received  their  knapsacks  that  had  been  left 
in  the  field  before  the  battle  of  South  Mountain,  the  owners 
of  many  of  them  were  either  dead  or  wounded,  and  during  the 
distribution  eyes  moistened  as  the  men  commented  upon  the 
loss  the  regiment  had  sustained  during  the  week's  campaign. 
The  next  day  a  mail  from  home  was  received,  and  among  the 
letters  were  many  making  anxious  inquiries  for  loved  ones  who 
were  no  more  on  earth.  At  two  o'clock  in  the  morning  of 
the  22nd,  the  regiment  was  ordered  to  get  ready  to  move,  but 
at  five  the  order  was  countermanded.  The  weather  was  warm 
and  the  men  embraced  the  opportunity  to  bathe  in  the  river  or 
creek.  On  the  23rd,  a  detail  from  the  regiment  and  the 
Twelfth  Massachusetts  guarded  the  Confederate  wounded— 
quite  a  number  of  whom,  as  well  as  many  of  the  Union  sol 
diers,  had  not  yet  been  removed  to  hospitals. 

On  the  26th  the  NINTH  moved  camp  about  a  mile  north 
west,  where  a  better  supply  of  water  was  found.  Regular 
details  were  now  made  for  picket  duty  along  the  river,  and 
drilling  was  resumed.  When  brigade  line  was  formed  there 
were  little  more  than  muskets  enough  to  form  one  good  sized 
regiment,  while  the  companies  of  the  older  regiments,  when 
on  the  drill  ground,  looked  like  sergeant's  squads. 

The  most  important  political  measure  of  the  Administration 
during  the  war  was  the  famous  Emancipation  Proclamation. 
W^hile  the  Slavery  question  was  one  which,  at  the  outbreak  of 
the  war,  the  Union  soldier  troubled  himself  very  little  about, 
it  became,  by  the  logic  of  events,  most  prominent.  The  great 
majority  of  theUnion  soldiers  believed  that — in  the  abstract- 
slavery  was  wrong,  and  that  the  buying  and  selling  of  human 
beings  was  a  crime.  As  the  war  progressed,  and  it  was  found 
that  a  great  part  of  the  strength  of  the  enemy  lay  in  the  pos 
session  of  slaves,  they  looked  upon  any  measure  that  would 
tend  to  deprive  the  enemy  of  that  resource,  as  they  would  up 
on  any  other  military  necessity.  True,  it  could  not  effect  the 


2C>4  THE    NINTH    NEW    YORK.  September 

great  number  of  slaves  who  still  remained  within  the  enemies' 
lines,  neither  did  it  emancipate  those  on  loyal  territory,  but 
the  majority  of  the  most  intelligent  class  in  the  North  hailed 
the  proclamation  as  a  step  forward  in  the  great  march  of  hu 
man  progress,  and  gave  it  their  unqualified  approval.  The 
proclamation  had  been  prepared  during  the  summer,  but  the 
President  withheld  it  until  a  Union  victory  should,  in  a  meas 
ure,  prepare  the  people  for  its  acceptance.  We  give  it  here 
as  read  to  the  Army  : 

GENERAL  ORDERS,  )  WAR  DEPT.,  ADJT.  GEN.'S  OFFICE, 

No.  139.  \  Washington,  September  24,  1862. 

The  following  proclamation  by  the  President  is  published  for  the  information  and 
government  of  the  Army  and  all  concerned  : 

BY  THE  PRESIDENT  OF  THE  UNITED  STATES  OF  AMERICA. 
A  PROCLAMATION. 

I,  Abraham  Lincoln,  President  of  the  United  States  of  America,  and  Commander- 
in-Chief  of  the  Army  and  Navy  thereof,  do  hereby  proclaim  and  declare  that  hereafter, 
as  heretofore,  the  war  will  be  prosecuted  for  the  object  of  practically  restoring  the 
constitutional  relation  between  the  United  States  and  each  of  the  States  and  the 
people  thereof  in  which  States  that  relation  is  or  may  be  suspended  or  disturbed. 
That  it  is  my  purpose,  upon  the  next  meeting  of  Congress,  to  again  recommend  the 
adoption  of  a  practical  measure  tendering  pecuniary  aid  to  the  free  acceptance  or  re 
jection  of  all  slave  States,  so  called,  the  people  whereof  may  not  then  be  in  rebellion 
against  the  United  States,  and  which  States  may  then  have  voluntarily  adopted,  or 
thereafter  may  voluntarily  adopt,  immediate  or  gradual  abolishment  of  slavery  within 
their  respective  limits ;  and  that  the  effort  to  colonize  persons  of  African  descent,  with 
their  consent,  upon  this  continent  or  elsewhere,  with  the  previously  obtained  consent 
of  the  governments  existing  there,  will  be  continued. 

That  on  the  first  day  of  January,  in  the  year  of  our  Lord  one  thousand  eight  hun 
dred  and  sixty-three,  all  persons  held  as  slaves  within  any  State  or  designated  part  of  a 
State  the  people  whereof  shall  then  be  in  rebellion  against  the  United  States  shall  be 
then,  thenceforward,  and  forever  free;  and  the  executive  government  of  the  United 
States,  including  the  military  and  naval  authority  thereof,  will  recognize  and  maintain 
the  freedom  of  such  persons,  and  will  do  no  act  or  acts  to  repress  such  persons,  or  any 
of  them,  in  any  efforts  they  make  for  their  actual  freedom. 

That  the  Executive  will,  on  the  first  day  of  January  aforesaid,  by  proclamation, 
designate  the  States  and  parts  of  States,  if  any,  in  which  the  people  thereof  respectively 
shall  then  be  in  rebellion  against  the  United  States ;  and  the  fact  that  any  State,  or 
the  people  thereof,  shall  on  that  day  oe  in  good  faith  represented  in  the  Congress  of 
the  United  States  by  members  chosen  thereto  at  elections  wherein  a  majority  of  the 
qualified  voters  of  such  State  shall  have  participated  shall,  in  the  absence  of  strong 
countervailing  testimony,  be  deemed  conclusive  evidence  that  such  State  and  the  peo 
ple  thereof  are  not  then  in  rebellion  against  the  United  States. 

That  attention  is  hereby  called  to  an  act  of  Congress  entitled  "  An  act  to  make  an 
additional  article  of  war,"  approved  March  13,  1862,  and  which  act  is  in  the  words  and 
figure  following : 


1 862  EMANCIPATION    PROCLAMATION.  205 

Be  it  enacted  by  the  Senate  and  House  of  Representatives  of  the  United  States  of 
America  in  Congress  assembled.  That  hereafter  the  following  shall  be  promulgated 
as  an  additional  article  of  war  for  the  government  of  the  Army  of  the  United  States 
and  shall  be  obeyed  and  observed  as  such  : 

ART. — All  officers  or  persons  in  the  military  or  naval  service  of  the  United  States- 
are  prohibited  from  employing  any  of  the  forces  under  their  respective  commands  for 
the  purpose  of  returning  fugitives  from  service  or  labor  who  may  have  escaped  from 
any  persons  to  whom  such  service  or  labor  is  claimed  to  be  due ;  and  any  officer  who 
shall  be  found  guilty  by  a  court-martial  of  violating  this  article  shall  be  dismissed 
from  the  service. 

SEC.  2.  And  be  it  further  enacted,  That  this  act  shall  take  effect  from  and  after 
its  passage. 

Also  to  the  ninth  and  tenth  sections  of  an  act  entitled  "  An  act  to  suppress  insurrec 
tion,  to  punish  treason  and  rebellion,  to  seize  and  confiscate  property  of  rebels,  and  for 
other  purposes,"  approved  July  17,  1862,  and  which  sections  are  in  the  words  and 
figures  following  : 

SEC.  9.  And  be  it  further  enacted.  That  all  slaves  of  persons  who  shall  hereafter 
be  engaged  in  rebellion  against  the  Government  of  the  United  States,  or  who  shall  in 
any  way  give  aid  or  comfort  thereto,  escaping  from  such  persons  and  taking  refuge 
within  the  line  of  the  Army  :  and  all  slaves  captured  from  such  persons  or  deserted 
by  them,  and  coming  under  the  control  of  the  Government  of  the  United  States;  and 
all  slaves  of  such  persons  found  on  [orj  being  within  any  place  occupied  by  rebel 
forces  and  afterwards  occupied  by  the  forces  of  the  United  States  shall  be  deemed 
captives  of  war,  and  shall  be  forever  free  of  their  servitude  and  not  again  held  as 
slaves. 

SEC.  10.  And  be  it  further  enacted.  That  no  slave  escaping  into  any  State, 
Territory,  or  the  District  of  Columbia  from  any  other  state  shall  be  delivered  up  or  in 
any  way  impended  or  hindered  of  his  liberty,  except  for  crime  or  some  offence  against 
the  laws,  unless  the  person  claiming  said  fugitive  shall  first  make  oath  that  the  person 
to  whom  the  labor  or  service  of  such  fugitive  is  alleged  to  be  due  is  his  lawful  owner, 
and  has  not  borne  arms  against  the  United  States  in  the  present  rebellion  nor  in  any  way 
given  aid  and  comfort  thereto  ;  and  no  person  engaged  in  the  military  or  naval  service 
of  the  United  States  shall  under  any  pretense  whatever  assume  to  decide  on  the  valid 
ity  of  the  claim  of  any  person  to  the  service  or  labor  of  any  other  person  or  surrender 
up  any  such  person  to  the  claimant,  on  pain  of  being  dismissed  from  the  service. 

And  I  do  hereby  enjoin  upon  and  order  all  persons  engaged  in  the  military  and 
naval  service  of  the  United  States  to  observe,  obey,  and  enforce  within  their  respective 
spheres  of  service  the  act  and  sections  above  recited. 

And  the  Executive  will  in  due  time  recommend  that  all  citizens  of  the  United  States 
who  shall  have  remained  loyal  thereto  throughout  the  rebellion  shall  (upon  the  res 
toration  of  the  constitutional  relation  between  the  United  States  and  their  respective 
States  and  people,  if  that  relation  shall  have  been  suspended  or  disturbed)  be  compen 
sated  for  all  losses  by  acts  of  the  United  States,  including  the  loss  of  slaves. 

In  witness  whereof  I  have  hereunto  set  my  hand  and  caused  the  seal  of  the  United 
States  to  be  affixed. 

Done  at  the  city  of  Washington  the  twenty-second  day   of  September,  in  the  year 
TSEAL  1     °^  our  Lord  one  thousand  eight  hundred  and  sixty-two,  and  of  the  Inde 
pendence  of  the  United  States  the  eighty-sixth. 

ABRAHAM  LINCOLN. 
By  the  President : 

WILLIAM  H.  SEVVARD, 

Secretary  of  State. 

By  order  of  the  Secretary  of  War  : 
L.  THOMAS, 

Adjutant-General. 


2O6  THE    NINTH    NEW    YORK.  September 

On  the  3Oth,  Lieutenant-Colonel  Atterbury  resigned,  and 
Adjutant  Tuthill  the  next  clay.  Major  Rutherford  was  subse 
quently  advanced  a  peg,  while  Second  Lieutenant  Charles  S, 
Strong,  of  Company  F,  succeeded  to  the  Adjutancy.  Surgeon 
Nordquist  had  been  detailed  as  brigade  surgeon,  and  Assistant 
Surgeon  Pinkney  was  on  duty  in  the  hospitals  at  Frederick  ; 
consequently,  the  sick  of  the  regiment  were  left  to  the  tender 
mercies  of  the  surgeons  of  other  regiments  ;  but  the  men  did 
not  suffer  for  want  of  care. 

On  the  3rd  of  October,  President  Lincoln,  who  had  been 
at  McClellan's  headquarters  for  a  day  or  two,  reviewed 
the  First  corps,  Ricketts'  division  marching  about  a  mile  for 
that  purpose.  The  men  were  all  pleased  to  see  "  Father 
Abraham,"  or,  "  Old  Abe,"  terms  which  they  used  in  a  respect 
ful  and  endearing  sense,  for  all  loved  the  man,  more  than  the 
official. 

Early  in  the  month  a  number  of  changes  in  brigade,  division 
and  corps  commanders,  necessitated  by  the  losses  during  the 
late  campaign,  were  announced.  Brigadier-General  John  F. 
Reynolds,  late  of  the  Pennsylvania  Reserves,  succeeded  Gen 
eral  Hooker  in  the  command  of  the  First  corps,  and  Brigadier- 
General  Nelson  Taylor  succeeded  General  Hartsuff,  who  had 
been  made  a  Major-General.  Colonel  Stiles  returned  to  duty, 
having  been  away  on  leave  of  absence  since  September  i2th. 
The  losses  by  death  and  wounds,  and  by  "  cannon  fever," 
had  caused  many  vacancies  among  the  rank  and  file  and  com 
missioned  officers.  The  history  of  all  regiments  show  that 
they  were  obliged  to  undergo  a  "weeding  out"  process,  after 
which  their  ranks,  although  reduced,  were  the  stronger  for 
battle. 

The  chronic  foragers — or  bummers — had  discovered  some 
papaw  trees  on  the  Virginia  side  of  the  river,  and  the  fruit, 
now  ripe  and  luscious,  contributed  a  pleasing  variety  to  the 
ordinary  army  bill  of  fare.  No  little  amusement,  accompanied  by 
some  growling,  was  occasioned  by  the  distribution  of  boxes  of 
hard-tack  marked  "  Yorktown,"  for  when  the  boxes  were  opened 
the  crackers  were  found  to  be  alive  with  worms,  many  of  which 


STUART'S  CIRCUIT  OF  THE  UNION  ARMY.  207 

had  been  luxuriating  there  since  the  Peninsular  campaign. 
Nothing  of  importance  occurred  for  several  days.  The  usual 
drills  were  performed,  interrupted  only  by  rainy  weather,  which 
set  in  about  the  loth.  On  that  day  the  Confederate  cavalry 
leader,  General  Stuart,  with  about  two  thousand  troopers  and 
a  battery  of  flying  artillery,  crossed  the  Potomac  at  McCoy's 
Ferry,  a  few  miles  above  Williamsport,  for  a  raid  into  Pennsyl 
vania.  By  evening  he  was  at  Chambersburg.  The  Union  cav 
alry,  who  had  been  watching  the  fords  along  the  Upper  Potomac, 
were  hastily  summoned  to  follow  and  watch  the  bold  raiders, 
and  measures  were  also  taken  to  intercept  and  capture  the  whole 
force.  Stuart  himself  did  not  know  where  he  would  recross 
the  river,  expecting  to  be  governed  entirely  by  the  movements 
of  the  troops  McClellan  should  send  out  after  him.  All  was 
excitement  among  general  and  staff  officers  of  the  Union 
army.  A  heavy  rain,  setting  in  about  the  time  Stuart  reached 
Chambersburg,  warned  him  that  it  would  be  difficult  to  recross 
at  McCoy's,  even  if  unopposed  by  the  Union  troops,  and  he 
determined  to  make  the  complete  circuit  of  the  Union  army 
and  cross  between  it  and  Washington.  He  was  induced  to 
take  this  course,  partly  because  his  guide  informed  him  that 
his  column  could  travel  about  as  fast  as  the  rise  in  the  river, 
and  partly  because  he  thought  McClellan  would  not  be  looking 
for  him  in  that  direction.  It  was  a  bold  movement,  and  was 
highly  successful — as  a  raid — but  was  not  productive  of  any 
benefit  to  Stuart's  command  or  the  cause  he  served  ;  for,  while 
he  picked  up  many  horses  and  some  other  spoils,  his  loss  of 
animals  and  "wearing  out"  of  his  men  more  than  offset  all 
that  he  gained.  He  recrossed  on  the  morning  of  the  12th,  at 
White's  Ford,  about  two  miles  below  the  mouth  the  Monocacy 
River,  having  met  with  but  little  resistance,  his  rapid  move 
ments  rendering  it  impossible  for  the  Union  troops  to  concen 
trate  in  sufficient  numbers  to  seriously  impede  his  progress. 

For  some  days  the  President  had  been  urging  McClellan 
to  move  against  the  Confederate  army.  The  nature  of  Mc- 
Clellan's  replies  are  indicated  by  the  President's  letter  of  the 
1 3th,  which  is  here  given  in  full  : 


2O8  THE    NINTH    NEW    YORK.  October 

EXECUTIVE  MANSION, 

Washington,  Oct,  13,  1862. 
MAJOR-GENERAL  MCCLELLAN  :— 

MY  DEAR  SIR — You  remember  my  speaking  to  yo-i  of  what  I  called  your  over- 
cautiousness.  Are  you  not  over-cautious  when  you  assume  that  you  cannot  do  what 
the  enemy  is  constantly  doing?  Should  you  not  claim  to  be  at  least  equal  in  prowess 
and  act  upon  the  claim  ? 

As  I  understand,  you  telegraphed  General  Halleck  that  you  cannot  subsist  your 
army  at  Winchester,  unless  the  railroad  from  Harper's  ferry  to  that  point  be  put  in 
working  order.  But  the  enemy  does  now  subsist  his  army  at  Winchester,  at  a  dis 
tance  nearly  twice  as  great  from  railroad  transportation  as  you  would  have  to  do  with 
out  the  railroad  last  named.  He  now  wagons  from  Culpeper  Court  House,  which  is 
just  about  twice  as  far  as  you  would  have  to  do  from  Harper's  Ferry.  He  is  certainly 
not  more  than  half  as  well  provided  with  wagons  as  you  are.  I  certainly  should  be 
pleased  for  you  to  have  the  advantage  of  the  railroad  from  Harper's  Ferry  to  Win- 
cheater,  but  it  wastes  all  the  remainder  of  autumn  to  give  it  to  you  ;  and  in  fact, 
ignores  the  question  of  time,  which  cannot  and  must  not  be  ignored. 

Again,  one  of  the  standard  maxims  of  war,  as  you  know,  is  "  to  operate  upon  the 
enemy's  communications  as  much  as  possible,  without  exposing  your  own."  You  seem 
to  act  as  if  this  applies  against  you,  but  cannot  apply  in  your  favor.  Change  posi 
tions  with  the  enemy,  and,  think  you  not,  he  would  break  your  communications  wiih 
Richmond  within  the  next  twenty-four  hours?  You  dread  his  going  into  Pennsyl 
vania.  But  if  he  does  so  in  full  force,  he  gives  up  his  communications  to  you  abso 
lutely,  and  you  have  nothing  to  do  but  to  follow  and  ruin  him  ;  if  he  does  so  with  less 
than  full  force,  fall  upon  and  beat  what  is  left  behind  all  the  easier. 

Exclusive  of  the  water  line,  you  are  now  nearer  Richmond  than  the  enemy  is.  by 
the  route  that  you  can  and  he  must  take.  Why  can  you  not  reach  there  before  him, 
unless  you  admit  that  he  is  more  than  your  equal  on  a  march  ?  His  route  is  the  arc  of 
a  circle,  while  yours  is  the  chord.  The  roads  are  as  good  on  yours  as  on  his. 
.  You  know  I  desired,  but  did  not  order  you  to  cross  the  Potomac  below  instead  of 
above  the  Shenandoah  and  Blue  Ridge.  My  idea  was  that  this  would  at  once 
menace  the  enemy's  communications,  which  I  would  seize  if  he  would  permit.  If  lie 
should  move  northward,  I  would  follow  him  closely,  holding  his  communications.  If 
he  should  prevent  our  seizing  his  communications,  and  move  toward  Richmond,  I 
would  press  closely  to  him,  fight  him  if  a  favorable  opportunity  should  present,  and 
at  least  try  to  beat  him  to  Richmond  on  the  inside  track.  I  say  "  try  ;"  if  we  never  try 
we  shall  never  succeed.  If  he  makes  a  stand  at  Winchester,  moving  neither  north  nor 
south,  I  would  fight  him  there;  on  the  idea  that  if  we  cannot  beat  him  when  he  bears 
the  wastage  of  coming  to  us,  we  never  can  when  we  bear  the  wastage  of  going  to  him. 
This  proposition  is  a  simple  truth,  and  is  too  important  to  be  lost  sight  of  for  a 
moment.  In  coming  to  us,  he  tenders  us  an  advantage  which  we  should  not  waive. 
We  should  not  so  operate  as  to  merely  drive  him  away.  As  we  must  beat  him  some 
where,  or  fail  finally,  we  can  do  it,  if  at  all,  easier  near  to  us  than  faraway.  If  we 
cannot  beat  the  enemy  where  he  now  is,  we  never  can,  he  again  being  within  the  in- 
trenchments  of  Richmond. 

Recurring  to  the  idea  of  going  to  Richmond  on  the  inside  track,  the  facility  df 
supplying  from  the  side  away  from  the  enemy  is  remarkable — as  it  were  by  the  dif 
ferent  spokes  of  a  wheel  extending  from  the  hub  towards  the  rim — and  this  whether 
you  move  directly  by  the  chord,  or  on  the  inside  arc,  hugging  the  Blue  Ridge  more 


i862  LINCOLN    TO    MCCLELLAN. 

closely.  The  chord  line,  as  yon  see,  carries  you  by  Aldie,  Haymarket  and  Fredericks- 
burg  ;  and  you  see  how  tuinpikes,  railroads,  and  finally  the  Potomac  by  Aquia  Creek, 
meet  you  at  all  points  from  Washington.  The  same,  only  the  lines  lengthened  a  little, 
if  you  press  closer  to  the  Blue  Ridge  part  of  the  way.  The  gaps  through  the  Blue 
Ridge,  I  understand  to  be  about  the  following  distances  from  Harper's  Ferry,  to  wit : 
Vestal's,  five  miles  ;  Gregory's,  thirteen  ;  Snicker's,  eighteen  ;  Ashby's,  twenty-eight  ; 
Manassas,  thirty-eight;  Chester's,  forty-five  ;  and  Thornton's,  fifty-three.  I  should 
think  it  preferrable  to  take  the  route  nearest  the  enemy,  disabling  him  from  making  an 
important  move  without  your  knowledge,  and  compelling  him  to  keep  his  forces  to 
gether,  for  dread  of  you.  The  gaps  would  enable  you  to  attack  if  you  should  wish. 
For  a  great  part  of  the  way,  you  would  be  practically  between  the  enemy  and  both 
Washington  and  Richmond,  enabling  us  to  spare  you  the  greatest  number  of  troops 
from  here.  When  at  length  running  for  Richn.ond  ahead  of  him  enables  him  to  move 
this  way,  if  he  does  so,  turn  and  attack  him  in  rear.  But  I  think  he  should  be  engaged 
long  before  such  point  is  reached.  It  is  all  easy,  if  our  troops  march  as  well  as  the 
enemy,  and  it  is  unmanly  to  say  they  cannot  do  it.  This  letter  is  in  no  sense  an 
order. 

Yours  truly, 

A.   LINCOLN. 

Over  a  month  had  been  spent  in  "reorganizing"  the  army. 
Meanwhile  Lee  had  not  been  idle,  for  on  the  2Oth  he  had 
about  seventy  thousand  men  under  his  command. 

It  was  said  at  the  time  by  McClellan's  supporters,  that 
after  the  close  of  the  second  Bull  Run  campaign,  the  army  was 
sadly  demoralized — if  it  was  not  really  an  armed  mob — and 
yet,  with  less  than  a  week's  rest,  that  army  marched  into 
Maryland  and  soon  after  fought  two  battles,  in  both  of  which 
it  was  victorious.  Why  the  long  delay  after  Antietam  ?  The 
enemy  was  certainly  fewer  in  numbers,  and  much  more  demor 
alized  by  defeat  than  the  Union  army  was  by  victory.  If  the 
U-nion  army  lacked  good  clothing,  the  Confederates  were  still 
worse  off. 

That  there  were  a  few  cowards  in  every  regiment  goes 
without  saying.  It  is  also  true  that  few  men  ever  were 
anxious  to  enter  a  battle.  The  great  body  of  soldiers  obey 
orders  and  go  where  they  are  sent.  The  men  in  the  ranks 
were  generally  willing  to  excuse  cowardice  in  a  private  soldier, 
provided  the  unfortunate  comrade  could  give  some  plausible 
reason  for  his  actions,  but  woe  to  the  commissioned  officer 
who  dared  show  the  white  feather.  The  lives  of  the  men 
depend  largely  upon  the  coolness — if  not  bravery — of  their  offi- 


2IO  THE    NINTH    NEW    YORK.  October 

cers,  and  the  private  soldier  has  no  Sympathy  to  waste  upon 
them  when  they  prove  recreant  to  their  duty.  During  the 
battle  of  Bull  Run — August  2Qth  and  3Oth,  1862 — two  officers 
of  the  NINTH  so  far  forgot  themselves  as  to  go  to  the  rear; 
they  were  observed,  but  tried  to  justify  their  conduct  by  some 
flimsy  excuses.  The  men  were  determined  to  get  rid  of  such 
material,  and  about  the  time  of  the  battle  of  Antietam  the  fol 
lowing  lines  were  written  by  a  member  of  the  regiment,  and 
sung  by  the  men  while  in  their  tents  in  the  evenings.  The 
desired  effect  was  produced,  for  both  officers  resigned,  and 
their  places  were  filled  by  braver  men. 

The  song  was  sung  to  the  tune  of  "  Lord  Lovell." 

THE  NINTH'S  SKEDDADLER. 

The  Unionists  and  Rebels  met  for  a  fight, 

A  fight  for  the  master)', 
On  the  field  of  Bull  Run,  where  every  one 

Was  expected  his  duty  to  do,  do,  do, 
Was  expected  his  duty  to  do. 

The  battle  was  opened  in  glorious  style, 

And  bullets  were  whistling  so  free, 
When  "  our  officer  Gay,"  sneaked  out  of  the  way, 

And  sat  'neath,  a  neighboring  tree,  tree,  tree, 
And  sat  neath  a  neighboring  tree. 

Not  a  thought  did  he  have,  not  a  thought  did  he  take, 

Not  a  thought  of  the  brave  boys  so  near, 
Who  would  look  for  his  form,  at  dread  battle's  storm, 

And  list  for  his  words  of  cheer,  cheer,  cheer, 
And  list  for  his  words  of  cheer. 

So  off  he  skeddadled  in  two-forty  time, 

In  two-forty  time  went  he. 
Not  a  look  did  he  cast  on  the  NINTH  as  it  past, 

On  its  way  to  join  the  melee,  melee, 
On  its  way  to  join  the  melee. 

But  soon  a  bomb-shell  exploded  near  by, 

Near  to  his  chosen  tree, 
And  the  officer  said,  as  he  ducked  his  head, 

Surely  this  is  no  place  for  me,  me,  me, 
Surely  this  is  no  place  for  me. 


HEADED     TOWARDS     VIRGINIA    AGAIN.  211 

But  on  the  skeddaclle,  his  Bacon  to  save, 

His  Bacon  to  save  went  he, 
So  rapid  his  tracks,  he  soon  reached  the  stacks 

Of  knapsacks  piled  under  the  trees,  trees  trees, 
Of  knapsacks  piled  under  the  trees. 

And  thus  he  absconded,  away  from  the  fight, 
With  a  pain  in  his  hack,  and  each  knee,  said  he, 

His  face  was  so  white,  you  might  fancy  aright, 
His  liver  through  it  you  could  see,  see,  see, 
His  liver  through  it  you  could  see. 

At  three  o'clock  in  the  afternoon  of  the  26th,  in  the  midst 
of  a  driving  rain-storm  the  NINTH  took  its  place  in  the 
lin^  of  troops  headed  towards  the  Potomac.  The  division 
was  in  the  rear,  and  the  usual  delays,  aggravated  by  the 
storm,  were  such  that  Sharpsburg  was  not  reached  until 
after  dark.  Through  mud  and  slush  the  column  pushed  on, 
crossing  the  Antietam  at  Burnside's  Bridge,  through  Rhorers- 
ville,  over  the  South  Mountain  by  Crampton's  Gap,  and  at  ten 
o'clock  halted.  The  rain  was  still  falling  and  the  men  sought 
such  shelter  as  the  outbuildings  in  the  neighborhood  afforded. 

o  o 

The  next  morning  the  march  was  continued  to  Burkittsville— 
a  short  distance — where  the  division  remained  during  the  day 
and  night. 

The  morning  of  the  28th  was  clear  and  cool.  The  troops 
marched  at  five  o'clock,  headed  south,  and  halted  near  Berlin 
until  the  3oth.  During  that  day  the  Potomac  was  crossed  on 
a  pontoon  bridge,  and  when  a  short  distance  beyond  Lovetts- 
ville,  the  command  halted  for  the  night.  The  enemy's  cav 
alry  had  been  noticed  hovering  about  the  flanks,  during  the 
march  in  Virginia,  and  videttes  were  posted  a  couple  of  miles 
in  advance,  and  the  flanks  well  guarded  when  the  column 
halted.  On  the  3ist,  the  regiment  was  mustered  for  pay, and 
inspected  by  General  Taylor.  Adjutant  Strong  resigned,  and 
was  succeeded  by  Lieutenant  Henry  P.  Clare,  of  Company  D. 

At  nine  o'clock,  on  the  ist  of  November,  the  advance  was 
resumed,  the  column  passing  through  the  Quaker  settlement 
of  Waterford,  a  neat,  quiet  village,  and  through  Hamilton ; 


212  THE    NINTH    NEW    YORK.  November 

thence  westward  through  Harmony  Church,  halting  near  Pur- 
cellville.  On  Sunday,  the  2nd,  the  chaplain  of  the  Twelfth 
Massachusetts  preached  to  the  NINTH.  All  day  long  artillery 
firing  was  heard  in  the  direction  of  Snicker's  Gap.  The 
Union  cavalry  were  on  the  right  flank  of  the  army,  observing 
and  guarding  the  passes  in  the  Blue  Ridge  Mountains,  while 
the  enemy's  gray-clad  troopers  were  closely  watching  the  boys 
in  blue,  in  their  march  towards  the  Rappahannock. 

In  the  afternoon  of  the  3rd,  the  column  moved  towards  the 
Gap,  and  Snickersville  was  reached  shortly  after  dark  ;  then 
the  column  turned  south,  and,  after  marching  a  few  miles  more, 
the  tired  soldiers  bivouacked  near  Bloomfield.  The  waeon 

O 

train  on  this  road  was  two  miles  long.  At  noon  of  the»4th 
the  troops  were  again  in  motion,  and,  after  an  eight-mile  march, 
a  halt  was  ordered,  and  the  wagon  train  allowed  to  pass.  General 
McClellan  and  staff  also  passed  during  the  halt,  and  the  Gen 
eral  was  loudly  cheered.  After  inarching  some  two  miles 
further  the  column  halted  for  the  night  near  Salem.  While 
here  some  members  of  the  Twelfth  Massachusetts  and  Six 
teenth  Maine  made  a  discovery. 

"  *  *  *  Halted  near  the  residence  of  a  rebel,  Colonel  Dulany,  and,  before  the 
usual  order  to  guard  property  was  published,  some  of  the  boys  discovered  supplies.  In 
spite  of  threats  and  muskets,  arms  were  stacked  and  a  rush  made  for  the  out-build 
ings,  boards  were  torn  off,  and  out  poured  corn,  potatoes,  and  salt  in  abundance. 
As  well  try  to  stem  the  Mississippi  as  the  torrent  of  hungry  men,  who,  regardless  of 
discipline  and  rank,  went  through  the  buildings,  bringing  to  light,  not  only  food, 
but  ammunition,  and  hogsheads  of  salt,  stored  for  the  rebels."  {History  of  Si.rteentk 
Maine,  p.  51.) 

The  record  does  not  state  whether  any  of  the  NINTH  shared 
in  the  plunder,  if  they  didn't  it  was  because  they  did  not  hear 
of  it  in  time. 

On  the  5th,  the  march  was  a  short  one,  only  some  six  miles 
being  covered.  The  wagon  train  ahead  blocked  the  road 
Fourteen  miles  were  travelled  on  the  6th,  and  at  night  the 
command  halted  within  ten  miles  of  Warrenton.  A  snow 
storm  greeted  the  men  when  they  awoke  on  the  7th,  but  the 
march  was  resumed  ;  Warrenton  was  passed,  a  short  distance 
to  the  right  of  the  column,  and  about  two  miles  beyond  the 
town  the  NINTH  halted. 


1 862  ON    FAMILIAR    GROUND    ONCE    MORE.  213 

Since  the  3rd  of  the  month  General  John  Gibbon  had  been 
in  command  of  the  division,  General  Ricketts  having  been 
relieved  and  ordered  to  other  duty.  The  men  regretted  very 
much  the  loss  of  General  Ricketts,  who,  by  his  manly  and 
soldierly  qualities,  had  endeared  himself  to  all.  He  had  been 
in  command  of  the  division  since  June  7th  of  the  present  year; 
he  was  an  accomplished  and  brave  soldier,  and  always  alive  to 
the  needs  of  the  men  in  the  ranks.  General  Gibbon  was  well 
received,  and  in  his  selection  to  succeed  Ricketts,  the  division 
was  most  fortunate. 

On  the  morning  of  the  8th,  the  brigade  was  detached  from 
the  division,  and  ordered  to  proceed  to  Rappahannock  Station. 
Owing  to  a  blundering  guide  the  wrong  road  was  taken,  at  the 
expense  of  an  eight-mile  extra  march.  About  one  o'clock  the 
next  morning — 9th — amid  a  disagreeable  storm  of  sleet,  hail 
and  snow,  the  brigade  reached  the  designated  point.  The  un- 
military  reader  is  left  to  imagine  how  the  tired  and  hungry 
soldiers — after  a  twenty-mile  march — passed  the  remainder  of 
the  night,  A  diary  says  that  "at  three  o'clock  the  NINTH 
was  sent  forward  to  assist  the  cavalry  in  picketing  the  river 
bank,  on  the  opposite  side  of  which  the  watchful  enemy  were 
posted.  What  a  dreary  dismal  experience  that  was  !"  When 
daylight  enabled  the  NINTH  to  realize  their  surroundings,  it 
•was  found  that  the  brigade  was  in  support  of  Bayard's  cavalry. 
The  regiment  was  permitted  to  retire  a  short  distance  from 
the  river,  out  of  gun-shot  of  the  enemy's  pickets,  where,  in  a 
piece  of  woods,  the  men  managed  to  start  fires  and  cook  their 
coffee. 

During  the  day  and  night  of  the  loth,  the  regiment  was  on 
picket  along  the  river  bank.  Friendly  relations  were  estab 
lished  with  the  enemy,  and  exchanges  of  coffee  and  tobacco 
freely  made.  The  night  was  quite  cold.  At  dress-parade  on 
the  nth  it  was  officially  announced  that  General  Burnside  had 
relieved  McClellan  of  the  command  of  the  army.  In  "General 
Orders,  No  i,"  of  that  date,  Burnside  assumed  command. 

The  following1  instructions  had  been  sent  to  him  : 


214  THE    NI;NTH    NEW    YORK.  November 

HEADQUARTERS  OF  THE  ARMY, 

Washington,  D.  C.,  Ncn>ember  5,  1862. 
Major-General  BuRNSlDE,  Commanding  : 

GENERAL — Immediately   on   assuming   command  of   the  Army  of  the  Potomac, 
you  will  report  the  position  of   your  troops,  and  what  you  purpose  doing  with  them. 
Very  respectfully,  your  obedient  servant, 

H.  W.  HALLECK, 

General-in-Chief, 

General  McClellan  issued  the  following  address  upon  re 
linquishing  command. 

HEADQUARTERS  ARMY  OF  THE  POTOMAC, 

Camp  near  Rcctortoiun,    V a.,  November  7,   1862. 

Officers  and  Soldiers  of  the  Arntv  of  the  Potomac  : 

An  order  of  the  President  devolves  upon  Major-General  Burnside  the  command  of 
this  army. 

In  parting  from  you  I  cannot  express  the  love  and  gratitude  I  bear  to  you.  AS  an 
army  you  have  grown  up  under  my  care.  In  you  I  have  never  found  doubt  or  cold 
ness.  The  battles  you  have  fought  under  my  command  will  proudly  live  in  our 
Nation's  history.  The  glory  you  have  achieved,  our  mutual  perils  and  fatigues,  the 
graves  of  our  comrades  fallen  in  battle  and  by  disease,  the  broken  forms  of  those  whom 
wounds  and  sickness  have  disabled — the  strongest  association  which  can  exist  among 
men — unite  us  by  an  indissoluble  tie.  We  shall  ever  be  comrades  in  supporting  the 
Constitution  of  our  country  and  the  nationality  of  its  people. 

GEO.  B.  MCCLELLAN, 

Major-General,  U.  S.  Army. 

'•  Thus  ended  the  career  of  McClellan  as  head  of  the  Army  of  the  Potomac — art 
army  which  he  had  first  fashioned,  and  then  led  in  its  checkered  maidenly  experience, 
till  it  became  a  mighty  host,  formed  to  war,  and  baptized  in  fierce  battles  and  re 
nowned  campaigns.  *  *  *  The  moment  chosen  was  an  inopportune  one  ;  for  never 
had  McClellan  acted  with  such  vigor  and  rapidity — never  had  he  shown  so  much  con 
fidence  in  himself  or  the  army  in  him."  (Siuintoris  Army  of  t lie  Potomac.} 

There  is  little  doubt  that  a  mistake  was  made  in  tlve 
removal  of  McClellan  at  this  time.  No  one  opposed  the 
measure  more  than  Burnside  himself. 

McClellan  says,  in  his  Report  and  Campaigns, pp.  438,  ct  seq.: 

Late  on  the  night  of  the  7th  I  received  an  order  relieving  me  from  the  command  of 
the  Army  of  the  Potomac.  *  *  *  1  had  already  given  orders  for  the  movements  of 
the  8th  and  gth  ;  these  orders  were  carried  into  effect  without  changes. 

The  position  in  which  I  left  the  army,  as  a  result  of  the  orders  I  had  given,  was 
as  follows  : 

The  First.  Second  and  Fifth  corps,  reserve  artillery,  and  general  headquarters  at  \Var- 
renton  ;the  Ninth  corps  on  the  line  of  the  Rappahannock,  in  the  vicinity  of  Waterloo;  the 
Sixth  corps  at  New  Baltimore  ;  the  Eleventh  at  New  Baltimore,  Gainesville  andThorough- 


1862  BURNSIDE    RELIEVES     McCLELLAX.  215 

fare  Gap  ;  Sickles' division  of  the  Third  corps  on  the  Orange  and  Alexandria  railroad, 
from  Manassas  Junction  to  Warrenton  Junction  ;  Fleasanton  across  the  Rappahannock, 
at  Amisville,  Jefferson,  etc.,  with  his  pickets  on  Hazel  River,  facing  Longstreet's,  six 
miles  from  Culpeper  Court  House;  Bayard  near  Rappahannock  Station. 

The  army  was  thus  massed  near  Warrenton,  ready  to  act  in  any  required  direction, 
perfectly  in  hand,  and  in  admirable  condition  and  spirits.  I  doubt  whether,  during  the 
whole  period  that  1  had  the  honor  to  command  the  Army  of  the  Potomac,  it  was  in 
such  excellent  condition  to  fight  a  great  battle. 

When  I  gave  up  the  command  to  General  Burnside,  the  best  information  in  our 
possession  indicated  that  Longstreet  was  immediately  in  our  front  near  Culpeper ; 
J-ackson  with  one,  perhaps  both,  of  the  Hills  near  Chester  and  Thornton's  Gaps,  with 
the  mass  of  their  forces  west  of  the  Blue  Ridge.  The  reports  from  General  Pleas- 
onton,  (cavalry  leader)  in  the  advance,  indicated  the  probability  of  separating  the  two 
wings  of  the  enemy's  forces,  and  either  beating  Longstreet  separately,  or  forcing  him 
to  fall  back,  at  least  upon  Gordonsville,  to  effect  his  junction  with  the  rest  of  the 
army. 

With  the  order  for  Burnside  to  assume  command  of  the 
army  came  a  letter  from  the  President  outlining  a  campaign 
that  seemed  feasible  to  the  administration.  Burnside  subse 
quently  submitted  his  plan,  which  conformed  to  the  wishes  of 
the  President.  Instead  of  moving  on  the  Confederate  army, 
the  troops  were  to  march  to  Fredericksburg.  Some  changes 
were  made  in  the  composition  of  the  Grand  divisions  of  the 
army.  The  right,  under  General  Sumner,  consisted  of  the 
Second  corps,  General  Darius  N.  Couch,  and  the  Ninth 
corps,  General  Orlando  B.  Willcox  ;  the  Center,  under  Hooker, 
of  the  Third  corps,  General  George  Stoneman,  and  the  Fifth 
corps,  General  Daniel  Butterfield  ;  the  Left  under  General 
William  B.  Franklin,  of  the  First  corps,  General  Reynolds, 
and  the  Sixth  corps,  General  William  F.  Smith.  On  the  loth 
of  the  month  the  army  numbered  about  one  hundred  and 
twenty-seven  thousand,  of  all  grades. 

The  Sixteenth  Maine — owing  to  the  lack  of  proper  cloth 
ing,  the  regimental  baggage  being  still  in  the  rear,  somewhere 
in  Maryland — reported  a  large  number  of  men  on  the  sick  list, 
so  many  in  fact,  that  General  Gibbon  sent  Surgeon  Nordquist 
(of  the  NINTH),  the  division  Medical  Inspector,  to  investigate 
the  matter.  The  day  before  the  surgeon's  visit  some  of  the 
Sixteenth  had  been  observed  by  General  Gibbon  and  staff 
conveying  a  couple  of  bee-hives,  and  some  other  plunder,  to 


2l6  THE    NINTH    NEW    YORK.  November 

their  camp,  and  the  General  had  sent  an  orderly  after  the 
squad,  with  orders  that  the  honey  should  be  sent  lo  the 
division  hospital.  Before  the  order  could  be  officially  promul 
gated,  however,  the  honey  had  disappeared.  Major  Small, 
then  Adjutant,  in  the  History  of  the  Sixteenth,  thus  describes 
the  doctor's  visit : 

A  well-fed  and  sheltered  division  commander  and  staff  could  not  appreriate  our 
destitute  condition,  and  gratuitously  insulted  us  by  censuring  the  colonel  and  quarter 
master.  *  *  *  Doctor  Nordquist  added  insult  to  injury  by  remarking  to  Colonel 
Tilclen  :  "  Your  regiment  are  poor  soldiers,  but  tarn  good  foragers."  Calling  me  out 
he  said  :  "  Ad-ju-tant,  py  Got,  your  men  tey  all  pe  det  pefore  night  unless  you  dake 
dose  honeys  dose  tam  tiefs  got  mit  'em.  You  shust  dake  some  names  of  dose  and 
send  me,  or  I  reports  you  to  te  Sheneral."  "  All  right,  Surgeon,  your  order  shall  be 
obeyed.  Boys,  I  am  going  for  paper,  and  expect  the  names  of  every  man  who  stole 
honey."  So  in  obedience  to  orders,  names -were  demanded,  but  I  failed  to  find  the 
"tam  tiefs"  (as  I  expected  and  desired).  On  returning  to  my  tent  I  passed  some 
Company  E  boys,  whose  smiles  shone  through  streaks  of  grease  and  honey,  as  they 
courteously  touched  their  hats.  On  a  rubber  in  my  tent  I  found  about  ten  pounds  of 
as  delicious  honey  as  Virginia  could  afford. 

Orders  to  move  were  now  of  daily  occurrence,  but  the  NINTH 
remained  at  Rappahannock  Station  until  the  evening-  of  the 
1 8th.  On  the  i6th  the  Twelfth  Massachusetts  and  Sixteenth 
Maine  were  transferred  to  other  brigades,  the  Eighty-eighth 

O  O  J  O 

Pennsylvania  and  Ninety-seventh  New  York  taking  their  places. 
The  NINTH  parted  with  the  Massachusetts  regiment — with 
which  it  had  been  brigaded  for  eight  months  and  a  half — with 
great  regret.  The  men  had  become  mutually  attached,  and  the 
battles  in  which  they  had  fought  side  by  side  had  cemented  a 
friendship,  that,  in  many  individual  cases,  lasted  long  after 
the  war  closed.  The  Maine  regiment  was  a  new  one — it 
had  yet  to  fight  a  first  battle — composed  of  good  material, 
and  on  a  longer  acquaintance  the  same  friendly  feelings  would 
doubtless  have  been  engendered. 

Many  of  the  men,  thinking  that  the  regiment  would  remain 
stationary  for  the  winter,  began  the  erection  of  log  huts,  and  a 
number  were  completed  about  the  time  the  next  move  was 
made.  It  is  said  that  people  who  are  inclined  towards  litera 
ture  develope  that  talent  whenever  ease  and  affluence  afford 


i862  AS    WE    USED    TO    SING    IT.  21  J 

an  opportunity.  During  the  few  days  of  comparative  quiet 
enjoyed  by  the  NINTH,  one  of  them,  Samuel  G.  Van  Norden, 
of  Company  L,  delivered  himself  of  the  following: 

SONG  OF  THE  NINTH  N.  Y.  S.  M. 
Air — "  T/ie  Gum-Tree  Canoe." 

Come,  gather  "round,  comrades,  and  list  to  my  song, 

And  join  in  the  chorus  both  loudly  and  long  ; 

For  we  are  as  merry,  light-hearted  a  crew 

As  for  Union  e'er  fought  'neath  the  Red,  White  and  Blue. 

Then  sing  away,  sing,  for  the  NINTH  boys  are  true 
To  the  Star  Spangled  Banner  of  Red,  White  and  Blue. 

Chorus,  to  be  repeated. 

From  the  Empire  City  our  regiment  came, 

To  fight  'gainst  Secession  and  win  us  a  name  ; 

And  with  Hartsuff  and  Hooker,  and  "  Little  Mac,"  too, 

Will  conquer  or  die  by  the  Red ,  White  and  Blue. 

On  the  field  of  Antietam  for  hours  we  fought, 
And  dearly  for  us  was  the  victory  bought ; 
There  a  score  of  our  best  to  this  life  bade  adieu, 
Striking  bold  to  the  last  for  the  Red,  White  and  Blue. 

With  the  Twelfth  and  the  Thirteenth  from  the  Old  Bay  State, 
And  the  Keystone  Eleventh,  we'll  brave  every  fate  ; 
We're  the  "  Hartsuff  brigade,"  and  we  fight  to  subdue 
The  traitors  who  plot  'gainst  the  Red  White  and  Blue. 

And  Hartsuff,  our  gallant  and  brave  Brigadier, 
Who  has  taught  us  to  love  him,  respect  and  revere, 
May  he  wear  the  two  stars  so  justly  his  due, 
And  shed  a  new  light  on  the  Red,  White  and  Blue. 

For  our  brave  dead  in  battle  we  let  fall  a  tear ; 
For  the  cowards  who've  left  us  we  have  but  a  sneer ; 
While  we  who  are  present,  the  pledge  here  renew, 
To  conquer  or  die  by  the  Red,  White  and  Blue. 


2l8  THE    NINTH    NEW    YORK.  November 


CHAPTER  XII. 

BATTLE  OF  FREDERICKSBURG. 

The  NINTH  Leaves  Rappahannock  Station.  —  Stafford  Court  House.  —  Brook's  Station, 
—  Resignation  of  Lieut.-Colonel  Rutherford.  —  Thanksgiving  Day.  —  Moving 
Towards  the  Rappahannock.—  The  Enemy  on  Marye's  Heights.  —  Crossing 
the  River.  —  Situation  on  the  Morning  of  the  Thirteenth.  —  Burnside's  Order  to 
Franklin.  —  The  Battle  on  the  Left  of  the  Union  line.—  The  NINTH  Engaged.  — 
Major  Hendrickson  Wounded  and  the  Regiment  Under  Command  of  Capt. 
Moesch.  —  Sergeant  Henderson's  Account  of  the  Battle.  —  Accounts  by  other  Mem 
bers  of  the  Regiment.  —  Battle  on  the  Right  of  Marye's  .Heights.  —  The  Failure 
There.  —  Regimental  Reports.  —  Extracts  from  Brigade  and  Division  Reports.  — 
General  Palfrey  Quoted.  —  Burnside  Assumes  the  Responsibility.  —  List  of  Casu 
alties  in  the  Regiment.  —  Fletcher's  Chapel. 


E  arrival  of  several  cavalry  regiments  near  Rappahan 
nock  Station,  during  the  i8th  of  November,  indicated 
that  something  was  up.  About  dark,  the  NINTH  was  ordered 
into,  line,  and  the  column  moved  slowly  towards  the  east.  It 
was  raining  hard  at  the  time,  the  roads  were  soft  and  miry,  and 
the  wagons  and  artillery  frequently  became  stalled  in  the 
mud.  Midnight  found  the  regiment  little  more  than  four  miles 
from  the  starting  point  ;  a  halt  was  ordered,  and  the  men  made 
their  beds  as  best  they  could  on  the  wet  ground.  Early  in  the 
dark  and  dreary  morning  of  the  igth,  the  column  was  again  in 
motion.  Morrisville,  a  small  village  seven  or  eight  miles  from 
Rappahannock  Station,  was  found  deserted,  and,  after  passing 
Scott's  Mills  and  crossing  a  creek,  the  troops  bivouacked  on  a 
hillside  near  the  stream.  It  was  still  raining  on  the  morn 
ing  of  the  2Oth,  but  the  men  were  obliged  to  wade  through  the 
mud  and  slush,  and  towards  evening  halted  in  a  piece  of  woods 
within  two  miles  of  Stafford  Court  House,  where  the  brigade 
remained  for  two  days. 

Sumner's    command  had   reached    FVedericksburg  on   the 
1  7th,   and  on   the  igth    Hooker's  was  at  Hartwood,   ten  miles 


l862  THE    ARMY    MOVES. 

northwest  of  that  point.  Stafford  Court  House  is  about  the 
same  distance  northeast  of  Fredericksburg.  Burnside  had  ex 
pected  to  cross  the  river  and  occupy  the  town  as  soon  as  his 
Grand  divisions  were  within  supporting  distance,  but  the  pon 
toons,  which  should  have  been  on  the  ground  by  the  i8th,  had 
not  arrived,  and  he  was  compelled  to  wait.  This  delay  gave 
the  enemy  plenty  of  time  to  discover  Burnside's  intentions,  and 
to  fortify  the  range  of  hills  back  of  the  town. 

At  eight  o'clock  in  the  morning  of  the  23rd,  weather  clear 
and  cold,  the  NINTH  marched  with  the  rest  of  the  corps.  An 
other  blunder  on  the  part  of  a  guide  sent  the  brigade  eight  or 
ten  miles  out  on  the  wrong  road,  and  the  countermarch  was 
enlivened  by  the  usual  "cussin"  and  grumbling,  by  those  who 
were  obliged  to  walk.  At  nightfall  the  column  halted  near 
Brook's  Station,  on  the  Acquia  Creek  and  FYedericksburg  rail 
road.  Wood  and  water  were  scarce,  but  a  pile  of  railroad  ties 
was  discovered  which  answered  admirably  for  fires.  Powder 
was  plenty,  and  some  was  expended  in  firing  a  salute  in  honor 
of  the  new  Commander  of  the  army. 

On  the  25th  Lieutenant-Colonel  Rutherford  resigned.  His 
commission  did  not  arrive  in  time  for  him  to  be  mustered  in 
that  rank,  in  the  NINTH.  He  was  the  last  of  the  original  cap 
tains  who  left  New  York  with  the  regiment  in  May,  1861. 

Thanksgiving  Day,  the  27th,  was  celebrated  by  a  division 
review  under  General  Gibbon.  The  men  returned  to  camp 
with  sharpened  appetites,  but  the  poverty  of  the  neighborhood 
could  not  supply  as  much  as  a  chicken,  and  the  men  were 
obliged  to  give  such  thanks  as  their  individual  consciences 

o  o 

prompted  over  the  coarse  army  rations — salt-junk,  mess-pork, 
hard-tack  and  black  coffee. 

On  the  3d  of  December,  the  regiment  moved  camp  about 
a  mile,  to  where  wood  and  good  water  were  plenty.  On  the 
afternoon  of  the  5th,  three  inches  of  snow  fell  ;  which  was  fol 
lowed  by  colder  weather,  and  a  number  of  men  were  frost  bitten 
while  on  picket  duty.  On  the  Qth,  the  division  marched  about 
four  miles  towards  the  Rappahannock  and  bivouacked  in  the 
woods.  The  next  day  the  command  moved  to  within  three  miles 


22O  THE    NINTH    NEW    YORK.  December 

of  the  river,  and,  from  the  movements  of  other  bodies  of  troops, 
it  was  evident  that  a  battle  was  impending. 

General  Burnside  had  decided  to  cross  the  river  and  attack 
the  Confederate  army  in  its  strongly  intrenched  position. 
The  left  of  the  Confederate  line  rested  on  the  high  bluffs 
touching  the  river  at  a  point  a  mile  and  a  half  above  Freder- 
icksburg ;  thence  the  line  ran  almost  south,  along  the  ridge 
known  as  Marye's  Heights,  which,  opposite  the  town,  is  nearly 
a  mile  back  from  the  river  ;  thence  along  high  ground,  follow 
ing  the  general  course  of  the  river,  and  about  a  mile  and  a  half 
distant,  till  the  right  rested  at  Hamilton's  Crossing,  a  point  on 
the  Richmond  and  Fredericksburg  railroad,  where  the  track  is 
crossed  by  the  old  Richmond  stage  road,  about  four  miles  be 
low  the  town.  Longstreet  commanded  the  left  wing  and 
Jackson  the  right,  while  Lee's  headquarters  were  established 
about  midway  of  the  line.  For  three  weeks  the  enemy  had 
been  working  like  beavers,  and  on  Marye's  Heights,  especially, 
had  erected  works  which,  ably  defended,  were  almost  impreg 
nable.  On  the  right  less  work  had  been  accomplished,  but 
the  position  was  a  commanding  one,  so  that  an  inferior  force 
could  easily  hold  a  superior  one  at  bay.  Lee  had  between  sev 
enty-eight  and  eighty  thousand  men  waiting  for  the  advance 
of  the  one  hundred  and  twelve  thousand  of  the  Union  army 
who  were  now  marching  to  the  battle. 

Burnside  had  decided  to  cross  his  army  at  three  points — 
at  the  upper  end  of  the  to\vn,  at  the  lower  end,  and  at  a 
point  about  a  mile  and  a  half  below  the  town.  The  pontoon 
bridges  were  to  be  thrown  over  early  in  the  morning  of  the 
iith,  the  operation  supported  by  artillery  posted  all  along 
Stafford  Heights,  as  the  ridge  on  the  north  side  of  the  river 
was  called.  Long  before  daylight  the  engineer  corps  was  at 
work,  and  for  some  time  after  sunrise  the  thick  mist  which 
hung  over  the  river  screened  the  pontooniers ;  but  as  soon  as 
the  fog  lifted,  the  enemy's  sharpshooters,  from  the  houses  in 
the  lower  end  of  the  town  along  the  river  bank,  opened  and 
maintained  so  destructive  a  fire  that  the  men  were  driven  from 
the  boats  and  the  work  suspended. 


1862  LAVING    THE    PONTOONS.  221 

At  six  o'clock  General  Franklin  had  one  of  his  three 
bridges  laid  below  the  town,  General  Sumner  one  of  his  two  at 
the  upper  end,  while  the  middle  bridge  was  only  half  com 
pleted  for  the  reasons  just  stated.  Then  the  guns  on  Staf 
ford  Heights  opened  on  the  town  in  an  endeavor  to  dislodge 
the  enemy,  but  General  William  Barksdale's  Mississippi 
Sharpshooters,  from  their  secure  positions,  only  laughed  at  the 
cannonade,  and  when  it  ceased,  and  the  bridge  builders  again 
attempted  to  complete  their  task,  they  were  as  active  as 
before.  Sumner  succeeded  in  finishing  his  upper  bridges  dur 
ing  the  day  and  Franklin,  being  but  little  bothered  by  the  en 
emy,  completed  his.  The  middle  bridge,  just  below  the  ruins 
of  the  railroad  bridge,  was  the  most  difficult  to  complete,  and 
it  was  not  until  some  of  the  brave  men  of  the  Seventh  Michi 
gan,  under  Lieutenant-Colonel  Henry  Baxter,  and  the  Nine 
teenth  and  Twentieth  Massachussetts,  of  the  Second  corps, 
crossed  the  river  in  boats — amid  a  storm  of  bullets — and  drove 
the  enemy's  sharpshooters  out  of  their  strongholds,  that  the 
bridge  was  finished.  It  was  then  too  late  to  cross  more  than 
men  enough  to  hold  the  town  and  the  bridge-heads.  How 
ard's  division  of  the  Second  corps  was  sent  into  the  town, 
while  a  brigade  from  Franklin's  command  crossed  and  held  a 
tete-de-pont  covering  their  bridge  heads. 

Gibbon's  division  had  marched  to  within  a  short  distance 
of  the  river  early  in  the  morning,  where  it  halted  and  pre 
pared  a  frugal  breakfast.  The  men  passed  the  time  quietly, 
listening  to  the  cannonade  and  speculating  upon  the  impend 
ing  battle.  Nothing  of  importance  occurred  during  the 
night. 

The  fog  was  so  heavy  on  the  morning  of  the  I2th,  that 
nothing  could  be  seen  on  the  opposite  bank  of  the  river  until 
after  ten  o'clock.  It  was  then  noticed  that  buildings  in  sev 
eral  parts  of  the  town  were  on  fire,  caused  by  exploding  shells 
of  the  day  before.  At  half-past  six  o'clock  the  NINTH  had 
moved  to  the  river  with  the  rest  of  the  division,  and  at  nine 
o'clock  crossed  on  the  pontoon  and  marched  to  a  point  near 
the  turnpike — the  old  Richmond  stage  road. 


222  THE    NINTH    NEW    YORK.  December 

This  position  was  held,  with  but  slight  change,  during  the 
day  and  night.  All  of  Summer's  and  Franklin's  troops  had 
crossed  during  the  day  and  over  a  hundred  guns  had  accom 
panied  each  of  these  commands. 

On  the  morning  of  the  I3th  Doubleday's  division  of  the 
First  corps  held  the  extreme  left  of  the  Union  line,  his  left 
flank  resting  on  the  river,  the  line  facing  almost  south  ;  then 
came  Meade's  division,  facing  nearly  west  ;  next  Gibbon's 
division,  its  right  connecting  with  the  left  of  the  Sixth  corps  ; 
to  the  right  of  the  Sixth  was  the  Ninth  corps,  while  the  Second 
corps  formed  the  right  of  the  line,  facing  Marye's  Heights. 
Hooker's  two  corps  were  still  on  the  north  bank  of  the  river, 
but  ready  to  reenforce  either  wing  as  occasion  might  require. 

The  Thirteenth  Massachusetts  was  deployed  as  skirm 
ishers  a  few  rods  in  advance  of  the  brigade  line  of  battle,  while 
the  enemy's  skirmishers  were  some  two  hundred  yards  distant, 
in  a  plowed  field. 

At  half-past  seven  o'clock  the  following  order  was  received 
by  General  Franklin  : 

HEADQUARTERS  ARMY  OF  POTOMAC, 

December  13,  1862. —  5:55  A.  M. 
Major-General  FRANKLIN,  Commanding  Left  Grand  Division,  Army  of  Potomac : 

General  Harclie  will  carry  this  dispatch  to  you,  and  remain  with  you  during  the 
day.  The  General  commanding  directs  that  you  keep  your  whole  command  in  posi 
tion  for  a  rapid  'movement  down  the  old  Richmond  road,  and  you  will  send  out  at 
once  a  division,  at  least,  to  below  Smithfield  to  seize,  if  possible,  the  heights  near 
Captain  Hamilton's  on  this  side  of  the  Massaponax,  taking  care  to  keep  it  well  sup 
ported  and  its  line  of  retreat  open.  He  has  ordered  another  column  of  a  division  or 
more  to  be  moved  from  General  Sumner's  command  up  the  plank  road,  to  its  inter 
section  with  the  telegraph  road,  where  they  will  divide,  with  a  view  to  seizing  the 
heights  on  both  of  those  roads.  Holding  those  two  heights,  with  the  heights  near 
Captain  Hamilton's  will,  he  hopes,  compel  the  enemy  to  evacuate  the  whole  ridge  be 
tween  these  points.  I  make  these  moves  by  columns  distinct  from  each  other,  with  a 
'  view  of  avoiding  the  possibility  of  a  collision  of  our  own  forces,  which  might  occur 
in  a  general  movement  during  the  fog. 

Two  of  General  Hooker's  divisions  are  in  your  rear,  at  the  bridges,  and  will  remain 
there  as  supports. 

Copies  of  instructions  given  to  Generals  Sumner  and  Hooker  will  be  forwarded  to 
you  by  orderly  very  soon. 


1 862  THE    TROOPS    FORM    FOR    THE    FRAY.  223 

You  will  keep  your  whole  command  ready  to  move  at  once,  as  soon  as  the  fog  lifts. 
The  watch  word,  which,  if  possible,  should  be  given  to  every  company,  will  be  "  Scott." 
1  have  the  honor  to  be,  General,  very  respectfully,  your  obedient  servant. 

JNO.  G.  PARKE, 

Chief  of  Staff. 

Upon  the  interpretation  of  this  order,  which  he  construed 
as  directing  merely  a  reconnoissance  in  force,  with  one  or  two 
divisions,  hung  the  success  of  Franklin's  movements. 

At  about  nine  o'clock  General  Meade's  division  was  ordered 
to  advance,  while  Gibbon's  division  was  to  follow  in  support. 
As  Meade  pushed  forward,  his  left  was  exposed  to  the  fire  of 
the  Confederate  artillery,  but  this  was  soon  silenced  by 
Doubleday's  guns.  Meade's  leading  brigade  sprang  into  the 
strip  of  woods  which  here  masked  the  railroad,  crossed  the 
road  itself  and  then  pushed  the  enemy  through  another  strip 
of  woods  into  some  open  ground  beyond,  thereby  piercing  and 
throwing  A.  P.  Hill's  line  into  confusion.  The  brigade  follow 
ing  did  not  quite  reach  the  point  gained  by  the  leaders,  owing 
to  a  destructive  fire  which,  passing  mostly  over  the  heads  of 
the  line  in  front,  cut  the  second  line  up  badly.  The  third  of 
Meade's  brigades  to  enter  the  contest  was  badly  broken  up  by 
artillery  fire  on  its  left  Hank,  and  was  compelled  to  retire  be 
fore  it  reached  the  railroad. 

The  enemy,  driven  at  first,  and  his  line  broken  by  the  gal 
lant  assault,  soon  recovered,  and  crowded  on  both  flanks  of 
Meade's  advance  brigade,  which  was  finally  compelled  to  retire, 
being  aided  in  that  delicate  operation  by  diversions  on  both 
flanks,  on  the  left  by  a  portion  of  Birney's  division  of  the  Third 
corps,  which  had  crossed  the  river  as  the  battle  opened,  and 
on  the  right  by  Taylor's  brigade  of  Gibbon's  division  of  the 
First  corps.  During  the  advance  of  Meade's  line  several  battle- 
flags  and  two  or  three  hundred  prisoners  were  captured,  but 
Meade's  loss  was  very  heavy  and  he  suffered  even  more  while 
falling  back. 

Taylor's  brigade  pressed  forward  towards  the  woods  which 
co  sealed  the  enemy,  until  it  encountered  Gregg's  brigade 
of  South  Carolinans  at  the  railroad  cut,  in  which  they  were 


224  THE    NINTH    NEW    YORK.  December 

posted,  and  from  which  secure  position  they  poured  so  destruct 
ive  a  fire  upon  the  advancing  troops  that  General  Taylor  was 
compelled  to  halt.  This  advanced  position,  however,  was 
maintained  until  the  ammunition  was  nearly  exhausted,  when 
Colonel  Lyle's  brigade  relieved  the  now  decimated  line.  The 
First  brigade,  under  Colonel  Root  (Ninety-fourth  N.  Y.),  fol 
lowed  Lyle,  coming  up  gallantly  to  the  support  of  their  com 
rades  of  the  division.  In  this  brigade  was  the  Sixteenth 
Maine,  and  this  was  its  maiden  battle.  That  it  fought  well,  and 
sustained  the  honor  of  the  Pine  Tree  State,  is  attested  by  the 
heavy  loss  in  killed  and  wounded.  But  Colonel  Root's  brigade, 
too,  was  finally  compelled  to  fall  back,  and  then  Franklin's  part 
in  the  battle  was,  at  about  half-past  two  o'clock,  practically  ended. 
The  total  loss  in  the  First  corps  was  upwards  of  four  thousand. 
General  Gibbon  was  wounded  early  in  the  engagement  and 
General  Taylor  assumed  command  of  the  division.  Major 
Hendrickson,  in  command  of  the  NINTH,  was  severely  wounded 
in  the  leg  during  the  advance,  and  was  succeeded  by  Captain 
Moesch,  who  was  also  wounded  during  the  engagement. 

From  a  diary  kept  by  Sergeant  Henderson,  of  Company  E, 
who  was  mortally  wounded  on  June  2nd,  1864,  the  following 
account  is  taken  : 

"  On  the  morning  of  the  I3th  we  advanced  towards  some  woods  where  the  enemy 
were  posted,  and  after  reaching  the  center  of  a  large  plowed  held  between  the  turnpike 
and  the  river,  we  halted,  and  the  Thirteenth  Massachusetts  were  thrown  out  as  skirm 
ishers,  one  hundred  yards  in  advance  of  the  line.  The  enemy  were  about  two  hundred 
yards  distant  from  our  skirmishers.  We  lay  in  the  mud  for  live  hours,  exposed  to  a 
terrible  fire  of  shell,  while  the  rebel  sharpshooters  picked  off  our  men  whenever  they 
got  a  chance.  In  the  afternoon  we  were  ordered  to  advance.  We  marched  forward  and 
opened  fire  on  the  enemy  who  were  posted  in  the  railroad  cut — there  just  deep  enough 
to  form  an  excellent  rifle  pit-  and  upon  the  hillside  back  of  the  railroad.  The  enemy 
opened  on  us  with  their  cannon  and  musketry,  making  a  terrible  slaughter  in  our 
ranks.  It  was  impossible  to  advance,  as  our  boys  fell  as  'fast  as  they  attempted  it. 
About  six  feet  to  the  right  of  where  I  lay,  two  men  were  killed  by  a  shell  which 
took  the  head  off  one  and  passed  through  the  body  of  another,  while  between  them 
and  me  a  Lieutenant  was  shot  through  the  head  by  a  sharpshooter.  The  enemy's 
rirle  pits  were  in  tiers,  one  above  the  other,  on  the  hillside  beyond  the  railroad,  and  on 
the  crest  was  their  artillery. 

"  As  soon  as  the  brigade  in  our  rear  came  up,  what  was  left  of  ours  fell  back  taking 
our  wounded  with  us.  Our  regiment  was  in  the  most  exposed  position,  and  the  poor 
old  NINTH  was  atrain  slaughtered.  We  went  into  the  fight  with  two  hundred  and 


BATTLE  OF 

FREDERICKSBURG 

DEC.  13  1862 


1862  BATTLE    OF    FREDERICKSBURG.  225 

ninety-two  officers  and  men,  and  the  loss  in  killed  and  wounded  was  one  hundred  and 
thirty,  including  eight  officers.  Company  E  took  in  twenty-six,  all  told,  and  lost  the 
Lieutenant  commanding  and  twelve  men;  there  were  only  two  men  who  came 
out  with  their  persons  or  clothing  untouched  by  bullets,  and  I  was  one  of  them." 

From  a  description  of  the  regiment's  part  in  the  battle, 
written  by  another  member  and  printed  in  the  New  York 
Mercury,  we  extract  the  following  : 

"  By  eight  A.  M.,  slowly  and  steadily  we  advanced  across  an  open  field,  the  damp, 
clayey  soil  adhering  to  our  feet  in  such  misses  as  to  seriously  impede  our  progress, 
the  rebel  skirmishers  all  the  time  pouring  a  galling  fire  into  our  ranks,  while  they  slowly 
fell  back  to  the  woods.  The  place  was  growing  uncomfortably  warm,  so  slow  was 
the  advance,  when  bang !  whiz  !  bang !  a  shell  from  the  right  tore  through  two  men 
and  then  exploded,  prostrating  the  colors  and  their  guard.  Halt !  Lie  down!  was  the 
order.  Then  the  artillery  in  rear  of  the  line  and  the  skirmishers  in  front  went  to  work 
on  the  enemy ;  the  railroad  cut,  woods  and  hill  beyond,  were  swarming  with  gray- 
backs,  whose  fire  was  most  destructive,  killing  and  maiming  many  as  they  lay  on  the 
ground — such  butchery  could  not  be  longer  withstood — a  charge  is  ordered — '  On  to 
glory,'  cries  out  the  wounded  commanding  officer,  Acting-Colonel  Hendrickson,  he 
being  unable  to  move,  as  his  boys  moved  to  the  charge.  It  was  not  fully  successful, 
.but  the  brigade  on  the  left  reached  the  woods." 

Another   comrade  recalls  the  following    incident  :      "  While 

o 

some  of  the  NINTH  were  carrying  a  wounded  officer  off  the 
field,  one  of  the  number  discovered  a  flask  in  the  wounded 
man's  pocket,  which,  upon  examination,  was  found  to  be  about 
half  full  of  whiskey.  The  party  were  yet  within  range  of  the 
enemy's  bullets,  but  nevertheless  stopped,  laid  their  burden 
upon  the  ground  and  offered  him  a  drink  ;  he  was  too  much 
•exhausted  to  appreciate  what  was  being  done  for  him,  and  the 
men,  fearing  that  the  "skie,"  if  not  disposed  of  at  once,  might 
fall  into  strange  hands  and  tickle  less  appreciative  throats, 
deliberately  drank  the  contents,  and  then  proceeded  to  the 
rear  with  their  charge." 

After  dark,  volunteers  from  the  regiment  went  over  the 
field,  between  the  lines,  and  brought  in  all  the  wounded  that 
could  be  found.  The  party  carried  stretchers  and  lanterns, 
and  were  unmolested  by  the  enemy.  The  regiment  passed 
the  night  near  Deep  Run. 

A  short  review  will  now  be  given  of  the  battle  that 
occurred  on  the  right,  opposite  the  town  :  Soon  after  Frank- 
Jin's  attack  began,  General  Sumner  was  ordered  to  attack  the 


226  THE    NINTH    NEW    YORK.  December 

enemy  posted  on  Marye's  Heights.  This  duty  fell  to  the  lot 
of  the  Second  corps,  under  General*  Couch,  Getty's  division, 
and  a  part  of  Sturgis'  division  of  the  Ninth  corps,  Willcox's 
division  bein^  held  in  reserve.  French's  division  of  the 
Second  corps  led  the  attack,  moving  towards  the  enemy  by 
the  plank  and  the  telegraph  roads.  Hancock's  division  fol 
lowed.  As  the  Union  troops  marched  through  the  streets  of 
the  town  to  form  line  on  the  outskirts,  many  were  hit  by  the 
enemy's  artillery  fire.  A  little  rise  of  ground  outside  the  town 
sheltered  the  line  for  a  few  moments,  and  enabled  the 
commanders  to  form  their  divisions,  and  then  a  charge  wa^ 
ordered. 

When  within  musket  range  of  the  enemy's  first  line,  both 
artillery  and  rifles  enfiladed  the  right  flank  of  the  advancing 
troops.  The  Confederates  had  posted  their  advanced  line 
behind  a  stone  wall,  along  the  telegraph  road,  at  the  foot  of 
Marye's  Hill,  and, 'as  the  brave  men  of  French's  and  Hancock's 
divisions  rushed  toward  that  point,  they  were  mowed  down  by 
hundreds.  Howard's  division  of  the  same  corps  was.  now  sent 
forward  as  a  support  to  the  others,  while  those  portions  of  the 
Ninth  corps,  mentioned  above,  advanced  on  the  left  of  the 
Second.  Getty  moved  directly  towards  the  stone  wall,  fol 
lowed  by  Sturgis,  but  they  were  both  beaten  back. 

Hooker  was  now  ordered  to  send  over  what  reserve  troops 
he  had,  and  Humphrey's  division  of  the  Fifth  corps  was 
ordered  in,  with  empty  muskets,  to  carry  the  stone  wall  at  the 
point  of  the  bayonet.  He  made  a  gallant  assault,  but  flesh 
and  blood  could  not  withstand  the  torrent  of  lead  that  met  his 
brave  soldiers,  and  they,  too,  were  compelled  to  fall  back. 

By  this  time  night  had  kindly  dropped  her  sable  curtain 
and  put  an  end  to  the  useless  sacrifice.  Burnside,  however, 
Avas  not  satisfied,  and,  during  the  hours  of  darkness,  massed 
the  Ninth  corps  in  the  town  with  the  intention  of  leading  it  in 
person  against  the  enemy  as  soon  as  daylight  appeared.  At 
the  earnest  solicitations  of  his  subordinate  General  officers  he 
finally  gave  up  the  plan,  and  thus  another  slaughter  was 
averted. 


I  362  DKTKAT    AND    RETREAT.  22  / 

The  Union  loss  was  over  twelve  thousand  in  killed, 
wounded  and  missing,  while  the.  Confederates  lost  less  than 
half  that  number.  (5,377)- 

The  NINTH  regiment  remained  stationary  till  about  four 
o'clock  in  the  morning — 14-th — when  the  whole  division  moved 

o 

off  to  the  left  in  support  of  Doubleday's  line,  which  still  occu 
pied  the  extreme  left  (lank  of  the  army.  A  brisk  skirmish  fire 
was  kept  up  nearly  all  day,  but  there  was  no  advance  of  any 
bodies  of  troops.  Nothing  of  any  importance  occurred  during 
the  15th,  and  shortly  after  dark  the  troops  began  to  recross  the 
river;  so  quietly  was  the  operation  performed  that,  although 
the  enemy  may  have  suspected  the  movement,  there  was  little 
to  indicate  what  was  actually  taking  place.  By  daylight  of 
the  1 6th  the  troops  were  all  on  the  north  side  and  the  bridges 
taken  up. 

It  is  needless  to  say  that  the  men  were  very  much  discour 
aged  by  the  miserable  failure.  Complaints  of  Burnside's  in- 
competency  were  heard  on  all  sides — except,  perhaps,  in  the 
Ninth  corps,  whose  men  blamed  Hooker  and  Franklin  for  not 
rendering  better  support  to  the  plans  of  the  commanding  gen 
eral.  The  weather  was  cold,  and  a  rain-storm — the  usual  after 
piece  to  a  battle — rendered  the  condition  of- the  men  very  un 
comfortable.  When  soldiers  have  been  defeated  in  battle,  and 
are  hungry  and  cold  withal,  it  is  an  easy  matter  for  them  to 
find  fault  with  every  one  in  authority,  from  the  President  down 
to  the  ratioh-sergeants  of  their  companies.  The  wounded  had 
been  well  cared  for,  and  vrere  finally  sent  to  the  hospitals  at 
Alexandria  and  Washington.  A  detail  from  the  brigade  was 
sent  over  the  river  during  the  clay,  under  a  flag  of  truce,  to  bury 
the  dead  that  remained  on  the  field. 

Following  is  the  report  of  Captain  Moesch,  and  extracts 
from  those  of  the  brigade  and  division  commanders  : 

o 

Near  Falmouth,  Va.,  December  18,  1862. 

SIR — The  NINTH  Regiment.  New  York  State  Militia,  of  the  Third  Brigade,  Second 
Division,  First  Army  Corps,  crossed  the  Rappahannock  River  on  Friday,  the  I2th 
instant,  at  nine  A.  M.  The  regiment  was  marched  to  the  left  of  the  line  of  battle, 
•where  it  remained  under  arms  for  the  night. 


228  THE    NINTH    NEW    YORK.  December 

Early  on  Saturday  morning  it  advanced  in  line  of  battle,  for  the  purpose  of  en 
gaging  the  enemy.  The  regiment  was  commanded  by  Major  John  Hendrickson, 
and  took  into  the  action  twelve  officers  and  two  hundred  and  eighty  men.  After  being 
engaged  for  thirty  minutes,  the  regiment  was  relieved,  and  came  off  the  field  with  a 
loss  of  one  officer  (Lieut.  Felix  Hirt,  Company  H)  and  eight  enlisted  men  killed  ;  also' 
five  officers  and  one  hundred  and  sixteen  enlisted  men  wounded. 

In  merit  to  those  who  distinguished  themselves  on  this  occasion  I  would  respectfully 
mention  the  name  of  Major  John  Hendrickson,  acting  Colonel,  who,  while  urging  on 
his  men  in  the  most  gallant  manner,  was  seriously  wounded,  and  carried  from  the 
field. 

The  command  then  devolved  on  Capt.  Joseph  A.  Moesch,  acting  Lieutenant-Colo 
nel,  who  was  particularly  noticed  by  the  officers  and  men  for  bravery  exhibited  through 
out  the  fight ;  and,  though  wounded,  still  remained  in  command,  cheering  on  his  men 
until  relieved  by  another  brigade  (the  Second). 

The  regiment  then  fell  to  the  rear,  for  the  purpose  of  re-forming.  Captain  M-oesch's- 
wound  being  of  such  a  painful  nature,  he  was  forced  to  turn  over  the  command  to 
senior  Lieut.  Isaac  E.  Hoagland.  After  a  rest  of  a  few  hours,  the  regiment  was 
again  ordered  to  the  front,  on  the  extreme  left  of  the  line  of  battle,  where  they  bivouacked 
until  the  night  of  Monday,  the  i$th  instant.  During  the  intervening  time,  Lieutenant 
Hoagland  was  relieved,  by  permission  of  the  Colonel  commanding  the  brigade.  The 
command  then  devolved  upon  First  Lieut.  Henry  P.  Clare,  in  which  capacity  he  acted 
until  relieved  by  Capt.  Joseph  A.  Moesch,  who  had  so  far  recovered  from  the  effects  of 
his  wound  as  to  be  once  more  enabled  to  take  command  of  the  regiment. 

Great  credit  is  due  Capt.  Angus  Cameron,  of  Company  F,  for  the  able  manner  in 
which  he  performed  the  duties  devolving  on  him  as  acting  Major.  In  the  first  part  of 
the  engagement  he  was  severely  wounded,  and  carried  from  the  field.  Also  to  Lieut. 
Thomas  Layton,  of  Company  E,  acting  Adjutant,  who  fell,  mortally  wounded,  and  has 
since  died. 

I  cannot  give  too  much  praise  to  both  officers  and  men  of  the  command  for  their 
bravery  and  steadiness  while  under  the  galling  fire  of  the  enemy,  and  for  the  manner 
in  which  they  obeyed  every  order  emanating  from  their  superior  officers. 

J.  A.  MOESCH, 

Captain  Commanding  NINTH  New  York  State  Militia* 
CAPT.  W.  T.  HARTZ, 

Assistant  Adjutant-General,  Third  Brigade. 

Inasmuch  as  the  above  report  contains  a  very  flattering 
allusion  to  the  officer  whose  name  is  appended,  it  is  quite  evi 
dent  that  it  must  have  been  written  by  the  Adjutant  or  some 
other  officer,  and  presented  to  Captain  Moesch,  who  signed 
without  reading  it. 

Extract  from  report  of  General  Nelson  Taylor  : 

Line  of  battle  was  formed  about  two  miles  southeast  from  Fredericksburg,  parallel  to 
the  Bowling  Green  road,  but  south  of  it  before  advancing.  The  regiments  in  the  fol 
lowing  order :  the  left — Eleventh  Pennsylvania,  Eighty-third  New  York,  Ninety- 
seventh  New  York,  Eighty-eighth  Pennsylvania — the  right ;  with  the  Thirteenth 


1862  REPORTS,    ETC.  229 

Massachusetts  thrown  out  as  skirmishers.  At  one  P.  M.  again  advanced.  The  enemy 
seemed  to  concentrate  the  mo  t  of  his  fire  on  the  two  regiments  on  the  left,  the 
Eleventh  Pennsylvania  and  the  Eighty-third  New  York;  which,  from  casualties,  and 
other  causes,  soon  melted  away,  when  the  second  brigade,  commanded  by  Colonel 
Lyle,  was  advanced,  and  took  their  places  on  the  left  of  the  regiments  on  the  right,  the 
Ninety-seventh  New  York  and  Eighty-eighth  Pennsylvania,  which  regiments  were 
moved  to  the  right  to  unmask.  The  division  left  the  field  at  two-thirty  P.  M. 


General  John  Gibbon  says  in  his  report  : 


The  Second  division  was  on  the  right  of  the  First  corps  and  the  left  of  the  Sixth. 
Taylor's  brigade  advanced  at  nine  A.  M.  Lyle's  moved  next,  Root  last.  I  ordered 
Taylor  forward  when  a  severe  fire  was  at  once  opened  upon  it  by  the  enemy,  posted 
beyond  a  railroad  embankment,  and  in  the  woods.  The  left  of  Taylor's  line  was  sub 
jected  to  the  heaviest  fire,  and  was  thrown  into  confusion.  Lyle's  brigade,  except 
Twelfth  Massachusetts,  all  retired  in  confusion.  Root's  brigade,  joined  by  the  Twelfth 
Massachusetts  and  remnants  of  other  regiments,  advanced  at  a  charge,  taking  the  posi 
tion  which  was  held  some  time.  One  hundred  and  eighty  prisoners  were  captured. 

From  General  Palfrey's  Antictam  and  Fredcricksburg, 
pages  154  and  181,  the  following  is  taken  : 

General  Franklin  was  practically  ruined  as  a  soldier  by  the  battle  of  Fredericks- 
burg  and  his  connection  with  it,  but  so  far  as  any  accessible  evidence  enables  one  to 
judge,  he  was  most  unjustly  blamed.  The  fault  was  in  the  orders,  and  not  in  any 
failure  on  Franklin's  part  to  understand  them  or  obey  them.  *  *  *  To  defeat  Jack 
son,  with  the  men  he  had  and  the  ground  he  held,  would  have  been  a  desperately 
difficult  enterprise,  for  Franklin.  *  *  *  With  a  loss  of  only  two  men  for  Sumner's 
three,  there  was  inflicted  upon  the  enemy  more  than  twice  as  much  loss  ;  Longstreet  (on 
the  1 3th)  losing  1,555  '•>  Jackson,  3,415. 

The  correspondent  of  the  London  Times,  at  Lee's  headquarters,  wrote  that  the 
day  would  be  memorable  to  the  historian.  From  it  would  date  the  "  Decline  and  Fall  " 
of  the  American  Republic, — that  an  attack  by  the  bravest  disciplined  troops  of  Europe 
could  not  have  succeeded. 

The  following  letter  is  of  interest  ;  it  shows  that  General 
Burnside  had  the  moral  courage  to  assume  all  responsibility 
for  the  failure  : 

HEADQUARTERS  ARMY  OF  THE  POTOMAC, 

Falmonth,  Dec.,  17,  i86c. 
To  Major-General  HALLECK,  Gencral-in-Chicf  of  the  Armies  of  the  United  States, 

Washington  : 

GENERAL  : — I  have  the  honor  to  offer  the  following  reasons  for  moving  the  Army 
of  the  Potomac  across  the  Rappahannock  sooner  than  was  anticipated  by  the  Presi 
dent,  Secretary  of  War  and  yourself,  and  for  crossing  at  a  point  different  from  the  one 
indicated  to  you  at  our  last  meeting  at  the  President's. 


230  THE    NINTH    NEW    YORK.  December 

During  my  preparations  for  crossing  at  the  place  I  had  first  selected,  I  discovered 
that  the  enemy  had  thrown  a  large  portion  of  his  force  down  the  river  and  elsewhere, 
thus  weakening  his  defences  in  front,  and  also  thought  1  discovered  that  he  did  not 
anticipate  the  crossing  of  our  whole  force  at  Fredericksburg.  And  I  hoped  by  rapidly 
throwing  the  whole  command  over  at  that  place  to  separate,  by  a  vigorous  attack,  the 
forces  of  the  enemy  on  the  river  below  from  the  forces  behind  and  on  the  crest  in  the 
rear  of  the  town,  in  which  case  \\e  could  fight  him  with  great  advantage  in  our  favor. 

To  do  this  \ve  had  to  gain  a  height  on  the  extreme  right  of  the  crest,  which  height 
commanded  a  new  road  lately  made  by  the  enemy  for  the  purpose  of  more  rapid 
communication  along  his  lines,  which  point  gained,  his  positions  along  the  crest  would 
have  been  scarcely  tenable,  and  he  would  have  been  driven  from  them  easily  by  an 
attack  on  his  front  in  connection  with  a  movement  in  the  rear  of  the  crest. 

How  near  we  came  of  accomplishing  our  object  future  reports  will  show.  But  for 
the  fog  and  unexpected  and  unavoidable  delay  in  building  the  bridges,  which  gave 
the  enemy  twenty-four  hours  more  to  concentrate  his  forces  in  his  strong  positions,  we 
would  almost  certainly  have  succeeded,  in  which  case  the  battle  would  have  been,  in 
my  opinion,  far  more.decisive  than  if  we  had  crossed  at  the  places  first  selected.  As  it 
was,  we  came  very  near  success. 

Failing  to  accomplish  the  main  object,  we  remained  in  order  of  battle  two  days, 
long  enough  to  decide  that  the  enemy  would  not  come  out  of  his  stronghold  to  fight  us 
with  his  infantry,  after  which  we  recrossed  to  this  side  of  the  river  unmolested,  and 
without  the  loss  of  men  or  property. 

As  the  day  broke,  our  long  lines  of  troops  were  seen  marching  to  their  different 
positions  as  if  going  on  parade.  Not  the  least  demoralization  or  disorganization  ex 
isted. 

To  the  brave  officers  and  soldiers  who  accomplished  the  feat  of  thus  recrossing  the 
river  in  the  face  of  the  enemy,  I  owe  everything.  For  the  failure  in  the  attack  I  am 
responsible,  as  the  extreme  gallantry,  courage  and  endurance  shown  by  them  was 
never  exceeded,  and  would  have  carried  the  points  had  it  been  possible. 

To  the  families  and  friends  of  the  dead  I  can  only  offer  my  heartfelt  sympathies, 
but  for  the  wounded  I  can  offer  my  earnest  prayers  for  their  comfort  and  final  re>- 
covery. 

The  fact  that  I  decided  to  move  from  V/arrenton  on  to  this  line,  rather  against  the 
opinion  of  the  President,  Secretaiy  of  War  and  yourself,  and  that  you  left  the 
whole  movement  in  my  hands  without  giving  me  orders,  makes  me  responsible. 

I  will  visit  you  very  soon  and  give  you  more  definite  information,  and  finally  I  will 
send  you  my  detailed  report,  in  which  a  special  acknowledgement  will  be  made  of  the 
services  of  the  different  grand  divisions,  corps  and  my  general  and  personal  staff,  of 
the  departments  of  the  Army  of  the  Potomac,  to  whom  I  am  much  indebted  for  their 
hearty  support  and  cooperation. 

1  will  add  here  that  the  movement  was  made  earlier  than  you  expected,  and  after 
the  President,  Secretary  of  War  and  yourself  requested  me  not  to  be  in  haste,  for  the 
reason  that  we  were  supplied  much  sooner  by  the  different  staff  departments  than  was 
anticipated  when  I  last  saw  you. 

Our  killed  amounted  to  one  thousand  one  hundred  and  fifty-two,  our  wounded  to 
about  nine  thousand,  and  our  prisoners  seven  hundred,  which  last  have  been  paroled 
and  exchanged  for  about  the  same  number  taken  by  us.  The  wounded  were  all  re 
moved  to  the  side  of  the  river,  and  are  being  well  cared  for,  and  the  dead  were  all 
buried,  under  a  flag  of  truce.  The  surgeons  report  a  much  larger  proportion  of  slight 
Revised  statement :  killed,  1,284;  wounded,  9,600 ;  captured,  1,769=12,653. 


1 362  LOSS    AT    FREDERICKSBURG.  231 

\J 

wounds  than  usual,  only  one  thousand  six  hundred  and  thirty  being  treated  in  hospi 
tals. 

I  am  glad  to  represent  the  army  at  the  present  time  in  good  condition. 
Thanking  the   (Government  for  that  entire  support  and  confidence  which  I  have 
always  received  from  them,  I  remain,  General, 

Very  respectfully, 

Your  obedient  servant, 

A.  E.  BURNSIDE. 
Major-General  Commanding  Army  of  Potomac. 

The  loss   in  the  regiment  was  three  officers  killed,   or  died 

o 

of  wounds,  and  five  wounded  ;  of  enlisted  men,  thirty-two  killed 
or  died  of  wounds,  eighty-four  wounded,  and  six  missing  ; 
total,  one  hundred  and  thirty. 

List  of  killed,  and  the  officers  wounded,  as  follows  : 

OFFICERS  KILLED,  OR  DIED  OF  WOUNDS. 

First  Lieutenants,  Felix  Hirt,  Company  B  ;  Henry  Osgood, 
Company  D  ;  Second  Lieutenant  Thomas  Layton,  Company  E. 

OFFICERS  WOUNDED. 

Major  John  Hendrickson  ;  Captains,  Joseph  A.  Moesch, 
Company  B  ;  Angus  Cameron,  Company  F  ;  First  Lieutenant 
George  E.  Allen,  Company  I  ;  Second  Lieutenant  Thomas 
W.  Quirk,  Company  A. 

ENLISTED  MEN  KILLED,  OR  DIED  OF  WOUNDS. 

Company  A — First  Sergeant  James  M.  Williams  ;  Pri 
vates,  Silas  J.  Beckwith,  Worthington  Hodgkinson,  James  H. 
Rabell. 

Company  B— Corporal  Eugene  Braillard  ;  Privates,  Alex 
ander  Asal,  Edward  Briener,  Patrick  Kelly,  George  Smith, 
James  Wisdom. 

Company  C — Corporal  Peter  Egan  ;  Privates,  John  Bierau, 
Clarence  F.  Tyson. 

Company  D — Privates,  James  Askwith,  John    Butler. 

Company  E — Privates,  Augustus  Faton,  Albert  Lewis, 
John  Malone,  David  A.  Morgan. 

Company  F — Sergeant  John  Henner. 

Company  G — Private  George  P.  Reuss. 


232  THE    NINTH    NEW    YORK.  December 

Company  H — Private  James  Walsh. 

Company  I — Sergeant  John  Knipe ;  Privates,  Samual  B. 
Jones,  John  P.  Jordan,  Lucien  N.  Tower. 

Company  L — Privates,  William  S.  Bailey,  John  T.  Bell, 
Charles  Connor,  William  Craig,  Jeremiah  Osborn,  Charles 
Skinner. 

On  the  iQth  the  corps  marched  to  Fletcher's  Chapel,  near 
Belle  Plain,  on  the  Potomac,  about  twelve  miles  from  the  Rap- 
pahannock.  General  John  C.  Robinson  was  assigned  to  the 
command  of  the  division.  It  was  thought  that  there  would  be 
no  more  campaigning  until  Spring,  and  the  men  began  to  fix  up 
winter  quarters.  On  the  22nd,  a  mail  arrived,  and  the  news 
papers  were  eagerly  scanned  for  reports  and  descriptions  of  the 
recent  battle.  On  this  day,  too,  the  President  issued  the  fol 
lowing  message  to  the  army.  It  shows  again  the  sympathy 
felt  for  the  soldiers  by  the  Head  of  the  Nation  : 

EXECUTIVE  MANSION, 

Washington,  Dec.  22,  1862. 
To  the  Army  of  the  Potomac : 

I  have  just  read  your  commanding  general's  report  of  the  battle  of  Fredericksburg. 
Although  you  were  not  successful,  the  attempt  was  not  an  error,  nor  the  failure  other 
than  accident.  The  courage  with  which  you,  in  an  open  field,  maintained  the  contest 
against  an  intrenched  foe,  and  the  consummate  skill  and  success  with  which  you  crossed 
and  recrossed  the  river,  in  the  face  of  the  enemy,  showed  that  you  possess  all  the 
qualities  of  a  great  army,  which  will  yet  give  victory  to  the  cause  of  the  country  and  of 
popular  government.  Condoling  with  the  mourners  for  the  dead,  and  sympathizing 
with  the  severely  wounded,  I  congratulate  you  that  the  number  of  both  is  compara 
tively  so  small. 

I  tender  to  you,  officers  and  soldiers,  the  thanks  of  the  nation. 

A.  LINCOLN, 


1862  A    GLOOMY    NEW    YEARS    DAY.  233 


CHAPTER  XIII. 

THE  CHANCELLORSVILLE  CAMPAIGN. 

A  Gloomy  New  Year's  Day. — Emancipation. — Resignation  of  Colonel  Stiles. — The 
"  Mud  Campaign." — Exit  Burnsicle. — Enter  Hooker. — The  President's  Letter  of 
Instructions. — Hooker's  Success  in  Reorganization. — Petition  of  the  NINTH. — 
Corps  Badges. — The  Army  Moves. — Operations  of  the  Right  Wing. — The  Left 
Wing. — The  NINTH  at  Chancellorsville. — The  Second  of  May. — NINTH  on  the 
Skirmish  Line. — Hooker's  Instructions  to  Slocum  and  Howard. — Rout  of  the 
Eleventh  Corps. — Sedgwick's  Battle. — Fighting  on  the  Third. — Sedgwick  Driven 
Across  the  River. — The  Army  on  the  North  Bank  of  the  Rappahannock. 

'T'HE  ist  of  January,  1863,  found  the  NINTH  in  winter  quar 
ters  at  Fletcher's  Chapel,  about  four  miles  from  Belle 
Plain.  With  ranks  depleted  by  reason  of  the  casualties  inci 
dent  to  active  campaigning,  there  were  hardly  men  enough 
"present  for  duty"  te  form  a  good-sized  company.  The 
future  looked  dark  and  gloomy  to  those  who  thought  seri 
ously  of  the  situation. 

The  following  extracts  from  a  letter  written  this  day,  by 
Sergeant  Henderson,  of  Company  E,  to  his  mother,  will  give 
a  good  idea  of  how  some  of  the  best  men  felt : 

The  holidays  have  been  dreary  days  to  me.  As  the  few  of  us  that  are  left  have 
gathered  around  our  camp-fires  we  have  missed  the  merry  laugh  and  jokes  of  many  of 
our  old  companions  who  were  with  us  a  few  weeks  ago.  It  makes  us  sad  to  think  of 
them  as  we  saw  them  last.  There  was  a  young  man  that  messed  and  slept  with  me, 
who  was  a  quiet,  good-hearted,  affectionate  boy.  I  learned  to  love  him  as  .a  brother. 
I  missed  him  in  the  fight  and  have  not  seen  him  since.  I  looked  for  him  on  the  field 
and  in  the  hospitals,  but  could  not  find  him.  Since  we  came  across  the  river  I  saw  a 
man  that  said  he  was  wounded,  and  another  that  he  had  seen  a  grave  with  his  name 
on  it.  So  my  old  chum  is  gone.  Oh  !  how  I  would  have  liked  to  t.ave  been  with  him 
and  nursed  him  until  he  died.  If  we  knew  that  we  were  doing  some  good  we  would 
be  satisfied,  but  when  we  see  our  companions  slaughtered  through  the  ignorance  and 
blunders  of  officers  we  have  reason  to  complain. 

As  I  look  back  upon  the  past  year  I  see  much,  very  much,  to  be  thankful  for.  I 
have  been  preserved  in  health  and  strength  while  so  many  have  suffered  from  disease 
and  wounds,  and  died.  And  I  am  very  thankful  that  the  loved  ones  at  home  have 


234  THE    XINTH    -XEW    YORK.  January 

been  kept  through  another  year.  Above  all  I  am  thankful  that  in  the  blessed  Saviour  I 
have  a  friend  that  can  sympathize  with  me  in  all  trials  and  troubles,  and  that  He  is 
able  and  willing  to  hear  and  answer  my  prayers  and  do  that  which  is  best  for  me.  We 
have  had  one  sermon  preached  in  our  regiment  since  we  left  Warrenton  in  August. 
I  don't  know  what  has  become  of  our  Chaplain.  When  we  were  at  Brook's  Station 
there  were  a  few  of  us  held  prayer-meetings  in  one  of  our  lieutenant's  tents.  We  had 
a  prayer-meeting  a  few  nights  before  we  crossed  the  Rappahannock  ;  there  were  only 
eight  present,  but  it  was  a  good  meeting  and  every  one  present  felt  it  was  good  to  be 
there.  Of  the  eight  that  met  that  night  three  were  killed  and  one  wounded  at  Fred- 
ericksburg.  It  is  a  pleasure  to  know  that,  as  they  loved  Jesus,  they  are  now  in  that 
Happy  Land  where  all  is  peace  and  joy.  *  *  *  I  think  of  you  all  very  often,  and  hope 
the  time  may  soon  come  when  I  may  meet  father,  mother,  brothers  and  sisters  once 
more  at  home ;  but  God's  will  be  done. 

On  this  day,  too,  President  Lincoln  issued  his  proclama 
tion  calling  attention  to  the  Emancipation  Proclamation  of  the 
2nd  of  September,  and  thus  the  good  work  of  redeeming  from 
slavery — as  far  as  it  lay  in  his  power — the  blacks  of  the  South, 
was  advanced.  The  proclamation  is  given  in  full  : 

BY  THE  PRESIDENT  OF  THE  UNITED  STATES. 
A  PROCLAMATION. 

WHEREAS,  on  the  twenty-second  day  of  September,  in  the  year  of  our  Lord  one 
thousand  eight  hundred  and  sixty-two,  a  proclamation  was  issued  by  the  President  of 
the  United  States  containing,  among  other  things,  the  following,  to  wit  : 

That  on  the  first  day  of  January,  in  the  year  of  our  Lord  one  thousand  eight  hun 
dred  and  sixty-three,  all  persons  held  as  slaves  within  any  State  or  designated  part  of 
a  State,  the  people  whereof  shall  then  be,in  rebellion  against  the  United  States,  shall 
be  then,  thenceforward,  and  forever  free  ;  and  the  executive  government  of  the  United 
States,  including  the  military  and  naval  authority  thereof,  will  recognize  and  maintain 
the  freedom  of  such  persons,  and  will  do  no  act  or  acts  to  repress  such  persons,  or 
any  of  them,  in  any  efforts  they  may  make  for  their  actual  freedom. 

That  the  Executive  will,  on  the  first  day  of  January  aforesaid,  by  proclamation, 
designate  the  States  and  parts  of  Slates,  if  any,  in  which  the  people  thereof  respectively 
shall  then  bj  i.i  rebellion  against  the  United  States  ;  and  the  fact  that  any  State  or  the 
people  thereof  shall  on  that  day  be  in  good  faith  represented  in  the  Congress  of  the 
United  States  by  members  chosen  thereto  at  elections  wherein  a  majority  of  the  quali 
fied  voters  of  such  States  shall  have  participated,  shall,  in  the  absence  of  strong  coun- 
tervailing*testimony,  be  deemed  conclusive  evidence  that  such  State  and.  the  people 
thereof  are  not  then  in  rebellion  against  the  United  States. 

Now  therefore  I,  Abraham  Lincoln,  President  of  the  United  States,  in  virtue  of 
the  power  in  me  vested,  as  Commander-in-Chief  of  the  Army  and  Navy  of  the  United 
States  in  time  of  actual  armed  rebellion  against  the  authority  and  Government  of  the 
United  States,  and  as  a  fit  and  necessary  war  measure  for  suppressing  said  rebellion, 
do,  on  this  first  day  of  January,  in  the  year  of  our  Lord  one  thousand  eight  hundred 
and  sixty-three,  and  in  accordance  with  my  purpose  so  to  do,  publicly  proclaimed  for 
the  full  period  of  one  hundred  days,  from  the  first  day  above  mentioned,  order  and 
designate  as  the  States  and  parts  of  States  wherein  the  people  thereof  respectively  are 
this  day  in  rebellion  against  the  United  States,  the  following,  to  wit : 


1863  SLAVERY    ABOLISHED.  235 

Arkansas,  Texas,  Louisiana  (except  the  parishes  of  Saint  Bernard,  Plaquemines, 
Jefferson,  Saint  John,  Saint  Charles,  Saint  James,  Ascension,  Assumption,  Terre 
Bonne,  La  Fourche,  Saint  Marie,  Saint  Martin,  and  Orleans,  including  the  city  of  New 
Orleans),  Mississippi,  Alabama,  Florida,  Georgia,  South  Carolina,  North  Carolina,  and 
Virginia  (except  the  forty-eight  counties  designated  as  West  Virginia,  and  also  the 
counties  of  Berkeley,  Accomac,  Northampton,  Elizabeth  City,  York,  Princess  Ann,  and 
Norfolk,  including  the  cities  of  Norfolk  and  Portsmouth),  and  which  excepted  parts 
are  for  the  present  left  precisely  as  if  this  proclamation  were  not  issued. 

And  by  virtue  of  the  power,  and  for  the  purpose  aforesaid,  I  do  order  and  declare 
that  all  persons  held  as  slaves  within  said  designated  States  and  parts  of  States  are 
and  henceforward  shall  be  free;  and  that  the  executive  government  of  the  United 
States,  including  the  military  and  naval  authorities  thereof,  will  recognize  and  maintain 
the  freedom  of  said  persons. 

And  I  hereby  enjoin  upon  the  people  so  declared  to  be  free  to  abstain  from  all 
violence  except  in  necessary  self-defense ;  and  I  recommend  to  them  that  in  all  cases, 
when  allowed,  they  labor  faithfully  for  reasonable  wages. 

And  I  further  declare  and  make  known  that  such  persons,  of  suitable  conditions, 
will  be  received  into  the  armed  service  of  the  United  States,  to  garrison  forts,  positions, 
stations,  and  other  places,  and  to  man  vessels  of  all  sorts  in  said  service. 

And  upon  this  act,  sincerely  believed  to  be  an  act  of  justice,  warranted  by  the  Con 
stitution,  upon  military  necessity.  I  invoke  the  considerate  judgment  of  mankind  and 
the  gracious  favor  of  Almighty  God. 

In  testimony  whereof  I  have  hereunto  set  my  name  and  caused  the  seal  of  the 
United  States  to  be  affixed. 

Done  at  the  city  of  Washington  this  first  day  of  January,  in  the  year  of  our  Lord 
one  thousand  eight  hundred  and  sixty-three,  and  of  the  Independence  of 
the  United  States  the  eighty-seventh. 

ABRAHAM    LINCOLN. 
By  the  President  : 

WILLIAM  H.  SEWARD, 

Secretary  of  State. 

A  few  of  the  officers  in  the  army  made  this  proclamation  a 
pretext  for  resigning  their  commissions,  and  a  number  of  the 
men,  too,  were  very  much  opposed  to  the  measure,  but  the 
great  majority  were  well  pleased. 

On  the  2nd,  a  brigade  drill  was  ordered  and  when  the  com- 

o 

mand  was  in  line  there  were  not  men  enough  carrying  muskets 
to  form  one  respectable  sized  regiment.  The  ground  being 
frozen  hard  the  movements  were  well  and  promptly  executed. 
Little  of  interest  occurred  until  the  12th,  when  the  division  was 
reviewed  by  General  Robinson.  The  usual  routine  of  picket 
and  outpost  duty  was  performed  by  the  NINTH,  but  there  was 
little  variation  from  day  to  day.  Occasional  flurries  of  snow 
and  some  exceedingly  cold  days  caused  the  men  to  appreciate 


236  THE    NINTH    NEW    YORK.  January 

their  comfortable  quarters,  and  to  pity  the  poor  fellows  whose 
turn  of  duty  kept  them  out  in  the  open  air. 

Owing  to  continued  ill-health,  Colonel  Stiles  was  obliged  to 
resign,  and  on  the  iqth  he  took  leave  of  the  reo-iment.  He 

o  •  -/  o 

was  succeeded  by  Lieutenant-Colonel  Hendrickson  ;  Captain 
Joseph  A.  Moesch  was  promoted  Lieutenant-Colonel,  and 
Captain  Dabney  \V.  Diggs,  of  the  One  Hundred  and  Thirty- 
second  N.  Y.  volunteers — late  a  Corporal  of  Company  C,  of 
the  NINTH — was  made  Major. 

Colonel  John  W.  Stiles  joined  the  Third  regiment,  N.  Y. 
S.  artillery,  as  a  private,  May  i8th,  1829;  promoted  First 
Lieutenant,  December  26th,  1833  ;  Adjutant,  October  iSth, 
1836;  Major,  June  3rd;  Lieutenant-Colonel,  November 
iSth,  1844;  Colonel,  May  25th,  1846.  On  the  2;th  of  July, 
1847,  by  orders  from  Adjutant-General's  office,  the  Third 
regiment  was  re-numbered  and  designated  as  the  Eighth,  N. 
Y.  S.  M.,  and  was  also  known  as  the  "  Washington  Grays."  Col 
onel  Stiles  resigned  November  i5th,  1848.  He  was  elected 
Colonel  of  the  NINTH  May  i6th,  1861. 

By  the  iSth,  General  Burnside  had  matured  his  plans  for 
another  movement  against  the  enemy,  much  to  the  disgust 
of  the  men,  who  preferred  their  snug  quarters  to  an  Active  cam 
paign  at  this  season  of  the  year.  The  order  was  given  to  pack 
up  on  the  igth,  the  first  troops  were  put  in  motion  at  noon  of 
the  2Oth,  when  division  line  was  formed  and  the  march  began. 

At  this  time  it  was  evident  to  the  men  that  a  change  in  the 
weather  was  about  to  occur.  One  of  the  members  of  the 
NINTH  says  :  "  Burnside's  order  had  stated  that  we  were  going 
to  meet  the  enemy.  We  looked  at  the  clouds  and  guessed  that 
all  the  enemy  we  should  meet  would  be  mud."  The  column 
headed  towards  Falmouth,  near  which  place  the  men  halted 
at  eleven  o'clock.  At  half-past  eight  the  next  morning  the 
march  was  resumed;  but  the  rain,  which  began  to  fall  during 
the  niijht,  soon  increased  in  violence,  and  when  at  noon  the 

o 

column  halted  the  roads  were  already  deep  with  mud.  Banks' 
Ford  was  only  two  miles  off,  and  it  was  soon  learned  that 
Burnside's  intention  was  to  cross  the  Rappahannock  at  that 


1863  THE    MUD    CAMPAIGN.  237 

point,  and  then  move  down  upon  the  left  flank  of  Lee's  army. 
Banks'  Ford  is  about  six  miles  above  Fredericksburg,  and  in 
order  to  approach  it  with  a  large  number  of  men,  roads  had 
been  cut  through  the  woods  ;  while  to  mask  the  real  point  of 
crossing,  cavalry  expeditions  had  been  sent  to  various  other 
places  to  divert  the  attention  of  the  enemy.  But  the  Confed 
erates  were  not  long  in  divining  the  intentions  of  the  Union 
General.  During  the  night  troops  had  been  massed  opposite 
the  Ford,  and  at  daylight  Lee  was  prepared  to  dispute  the 
crossing,  which  Burnside  was  in  no  condition  to  make,  for,  in 
stead  of  a  hundred  pontoon  boats  which  should  have  been  on 
the  river  bank  at  daylight,  only  about  a  dozen  were  there— 
not  enough  to  construct  one  bridge. 

The  night's  rain  had  made  deplorable  havoc  with  the  roads  ;  but  herculean  efforts 
were  made  to  bring  pontoons  enough  into  position  to  build  a  bridge  or  two  withal. 
Double  and  triple  teams  of  horses  and  mules  were  harnessed  to  each  boat ;  but  it  was 
in  vain.  Long  stout  ropes  were  then  attached  to  the  teams,  and  a  hundred  and  fifty 
men  put  to  the  task  on  each.  The  effort  was  but  little  more  successful.  Floundering 
through  the  mire  for  a  few  feet,  the  gang  of  Lilliputians  \vith  their  huge  ribbed  Gulli 
ver,  were  forced  to  give  over,  breathless.  Night  arrived,  but  the  pontoons  could  not 
be  got  up.  and  the  enemy's  pickets,  discovering  what  was  going  on,  jocularly  shouted 
out  their  intention  to  "  come  over  to-morrow  and  help  build  the  bridge."  (Swinton's 
Army  of  the  Potomac.} 

The  moment  the  storm  began,  the  rank  and  file  of  the  army 
were  convinced  that  the  movement  could  not  be  executed,  and 
to  persist  in  the  attempt  seemed  to  them  like  a  useless  sacrifice  ; 
consequently,  the  men  had  no  heart  to  continue  their  disagree 
able  labors.  The  "mud  march"  was  prolific  of  an  endless 
column  of  adventures  and  mishaps.  The  men  staggered  and 
reeled  as  they  endeavored  to  maintain  their  footing  in  the 
sticky  mud.  As  a  comrade  sank  up  to  his  knees,  he  declared 
that  the  bottom  had  fallen  out  of  the  dear  country. 

In  describing  the  affair,  a  member  of  the  regiment  wrote: 
"  Our  brigade  got  separated  from  the  division  and  we  stood 
in  the  road  about  two  hours.  There  was  a  large  wood  to  the 
left  of  the  road;  so  our  boys  went  there  and  built  fires,  and 
such  fires  !  None  but  old  campaigners  could  make  them.  The 
drenching  rain  could  not  put  them  out.  We  remained  there 


238  THE    NINTH    NEW    YORK.  January 

until  the  morning,  when  we  again  pushed  on  through  the  mud 
to  within  a  mile  of  the  Rappahannock.  '  '  It  continued  to 
rain  all  day  and  night  and  it  was  impossible  to  get  the  wagon 
train  and  artillery  along.  I  saw  sixteen  horses  attached  to 
one  twelve-pounder,  and  it  was  as  much  as  they  could  do  to  get 
it  along." 

Burnside's  "Virginny  Reel"  will  long  be  remembered  by 
those  who  took  part  in  the  exciting  dance. 

The  morning  of  the  23rd  found  the  infantry  columns  re 
tracing  their  steps  to  the  old  camps.  The  NINTH  reached 
their  quarters  at  Fletcher's  Chapel  late  at  night,  tired,  hungry 
and  thoroughly  disgusted  with  another  failure.  How  the 
artillery  and  baggage  wagons  regained  their  camps,  those  in 
charge  can  tell  ;  many  caissons  and  wagons  were  left  where 
they  happened  to  be  stuck,  and  it  was  a  week  or  more  before 
some  were  extricated. 

On  the  25th,  the  regiment  numbered  172  men  "present," 
of  whom  129  were  ready  for  duty,  equipped. 

Ever  since  the  battle  of  Fredericksburg  General  Burnside 
had  been  anxious  to  resign  the  command  of  the  army.  He 
believed  that  he  had  not  been  properly-  supported  by  some 
of  his  subordinate  generals,  and  had  so  reported  to  the  War 
Department,  recommending,  at  the  same  time,  the  dismissal  of 
those  he  believed  the  most  guilty.  His  recommendations  were 
not  heeded,  however,  and  he  was  induced  to  continue  in  com 
mand.  After  this  last  failure  he  again  renewed  his  request  to 
be  relieved,  and  on  the  28th  was  succeeded  by  General  Hooker. 

When  the  new  leader  entered  upon  his  difficult  task  he  re 
ceived  the  following  characteristic  letter  from  the  President  : 

O 

EXECUTIVE  MANSION, 

Washington,  D.  C.,Jan.  26,  1863. 
Major-General  HOOKER: 

GENERAL — I  have  placed  you  at  the  head  of  the  Army  of  the  Potomac.  Of 
course  I  have  done  this  upon  what  appears  to  me  to  be  sufficient  reasons,  and  yet  I 
think  it  best  for  you  to  know  that  there  are  some  things  in  regard  to  which  I  am  not 
quite  satisfied  with  you.  I  believe  you  to  be  a  brave  and  skillful  soldier,  which,  of 
course,  I  like.  I  also  believe  you  do  not  mix  politics  with  your  profession,  in  which  you 
are  right.  You  have  confidence  in  yourself,  which  is  a  valuable,  if  not  an  indispens 
able,  quality.  You  are  ambitious,  which  within  reasonable  bounds,  does  good  rather 
than  harm  ;  but  I  think,  that,  during  Gen.  Burnside's  command  of  the  army,  you  have 


1 863  LINCOLN    TO    HOOKER.  239 

taken  counsel  of  your  ambition,  and  thwarted  him  as  much  as  you  could,  in  which  you 
did  a  great  wrong  to  the  country  and  to  a  most  meritorious  and  honorable  brother 
officer.  I  have  heard,  in  such  a  way  as  to  believe  it,  of  your  recently  saying  that  both 
the  army  and  the  government  needed  a  dictator.  Of  course  it  was  not  for  this,  but  in 
spite  of  it,  that  I  have  given  you  the  command. 

Only  those  generals  who  gain  successes  can  set  up  dictators.  What  I  now  ask  of 
you  is  military  success,  and  I  will  risk  the  dictatorship.  The  government  will  support 
you  to  the  utmost  of  its  ability,  which  is  neither  mote  nor  less  than  it  has  done  and 
will  do  for  all  commanders.  I  much  fear  that  the  spirit  which  you  have  aided  to 
infuse  into  the  army,  of  criticising  their  commander  and  withholding  confidence  from 
him,  will  now  turn  upon  you.  I  shall  assist  you,  as  far  as  I  can,  to  put  it  down. 
Neither  you,  nor  Napoleon,  if  he  were  alive  again,  could  get  any  good  out  of  an  army 
while  such  a  spirit  prevails  in  it.  And  now  beware  of  rashness.  Beware  of  rashness, 
but  with  energy  and  sleepless  vigilance  go  forward  and  give  us  victories. 

Yours  very  truly, 

A.  LINCOLN. 

The  rest  of  the  winter  was  devoted  by  General  Hooker  to 
a  reorganization  of  the  army.  The  grand  division  system  was 
abolished.  Early  in  February  the  Ninth  corps  left  the  Army 
of  the  Potomac,  and  did  not  return  again  till  the  spring  of 
1864.  After  attending  to  the  wants  of  the  men  in  camp,  Gen 
eral  Hooker  also  granted  numerous  furloughs  for  brief  periods, 
and  by  this  means  stopped,  to  a  great  degree,  the  crime  of 
desertion,  which  had  become  almost  epidemic  among  the  rank 
and  file,  and  the  hardly  less  criminal  resignations  among  the 
officers.  With  plenty  to  eat,  good  clothing,  and — for  soldiers 
in  the  field — comfortable  quarters,  the  army  was  soon  in  good 
condition  again. 

On  the  3Oth,  Major  Diggs  reported  for  duty  and,  in  the 
temporary  absence  of  the  two  senior  officers,  assumed  com 
mand  of  the  regiment. 

On  the  2nd  of  February,  Colonel  Samuel  H.  Leonard,  of 
the  Thirteenth  Massachusetts,  assumed  command  of  the  bri 
gade,  General  Taylor  having  resigned.  The  men  had  become 
much  attached  to  the  General,  on  account  of  his  high  soldierly 
qualities.  He  had  been  promoted  on  September  7th,  1862, 
from  Colonel  of  the  Seventy-second  N.  Y.  Vols.,  and,  during 
his  brief  career  as  a  brigadier,  had  won  the  respect  and  esteem 
of  all  the  regiments  under  his  command. 

o 

A  diary  at  hand  lias  this  entry,  under  date  of  February 
loth:  "Received  our  first  loaf  of  bread  in  six  months;  bri- 


240  THE    NINTH    NEW    YORK.  March 

gade  bakeries  being  another  of  the  new  things  under  G^n- 
eral  Hooker."  Hard-tack,  as  the  army  cracker  was  called 
was  good  substantial  food,  but  no  one  will  deny  that  slight 
variations  of  the  form  in  which  the  staff-of-life  was  supplied 
to  the  soldier  in  the  field,  was  a  perfect  god-send.  No  won 
der  the  event  found  a  place  in  the  soldier's  diary. 

It  was  at  this  time,  too,  that  Corps  badges  were  generally 
worn.  Nothing  was  left  undone  by  General  Hooker  to  make 
his  army  the  best  in  the  world.  In  sympathy  with  this  idea, 
the  officers  of  the  NINTH  determined  to  do  their  utmost  to 
make  the  regiment  one  of  the  best  in  the  army.  Recruiting 
for  regiments  in  the  field  was,  at  this  time,  at  a  low  ebb. 
Governor  Andrew,  of  Massachusetts,  told  the  truth,  when  he 
said  that  no  recruits  for  an  old  regiment  could  be  enlisted 
so  long  as  there  was  a  shoemaker  in  the  State  who  desired  a 
captaincy.  New  regiments  were  being  formed  because  of  the 
official  positions  offered.  These  regiments  entered  the  service 
—to  all  intents  and  purposes — as  green  as  those  who  fought 
at  Bull  Run  in  1861.  Had  the  material  of  which  they  were 
composed  been  distributed  among  the  old  regiments,  how 
much  more  efficient  would  the  army  have  been  !  The  officers 
of  the  NINTH,  realizing  this  fact,  wished  to  fill  up  its  ranks, 
and  to  this  end  forwarded  the  following : 


HEADQUARTERS 

Fletcher  s  Chapel,  Va.,  March  3,  1863. 
To  Hon.  E.  M.  STANTON,  Secretary  of  War. 

The  undersigned  officers  of  the  83  N.  Y.  Vols.  (gth  N.  Y.  S.  M.)  would  most 
respectfully  represent,  that  by  the  casualties  of  the  campaigns  this  command  has 
become  much  reduced,  having  been  in  active  service  since  the  early  part  of  the  war. 

And,  therefore,  we  would  most  respectfully  and  earnestly  request  that  "  if  consis- 
*tent,"  the  regiment  may  be  ordered  to  rendezvous  in  the  vicinity  of  New  York  City 
(where  it  was  raised)  or  near  Washington,  for  the  purpose  of  recruiting  to  the  max 
imum  strength  ;  which  we  are  confident  could  be  accomplished  in  a  short  period  of 
time,  the  regiment  having  a  reputation  for  gallantry  and  faithful  service  second  to 
none  that  left  that  city. 

P  or  a  portion  of  the  history  of  its  services  in  the  field,  let  the  Official  Reports  of 
Battles  of  Cedar  Mountain,  Bull-Run  2nd,  South  Mountain,  Antietam  and  Fredericks- 
burg  testify. 

Strength  leaving  New  York  City,  900.     Recruits  received,  500. 


1863  PETITION    OF    THE    NINTH.  241 

The  present  strength  of  the  regiment  may  be  summed  up  as  follows  : 
Present  for  duty,   166  ;  absent,  wounded  and  sick,  144;  on  detached  service,  91. 
Total  strength,  401. 

As  an  evidence  of  our  devotedness  to  the  cause  we  serve,  and  an  earnest  desire  to 
secure  the  greatest  efficiency  for  our  command,  we  would  call  attention  to  the  fact 
that  every  officer  now  in  the  regiment  has  risen  from  the  ranks  to  their  respective 
positions,  excepting  one  "  Colonel  John  Hendrickson,"  who  lost  a  foot  at  Fredericks- 
burg.  Trusting,  sir,  that  you  may  regard  this  prayer  of  your  Petitioners,  not  as  an 
expression  of  a  desire  to  leave  our  comrades  to  battle  alone  for  the  glorious  cause  in 
which  all  have  sacrificed  so  much,  but  as  prompted  by  the  purest  and  most  patriotic 
motives  ;  by  a  spirit  of  loyalty  and  ambition,  that  we  are  satisfied  will  meet  with 
your  appreciation.  Hoping  to  secure  at  your  hands,  the  favor  for  which  we  would  so 
earnestly  pray.  *  *  # 

This  was  signed  by  the  officers,  present  and  absent,  and 
also  by  ex-Lieutenant-Colonel  Rutherford  and  ex-Captain 
Lanning, 

The  petition  was  sent  on  its  way  through  the  "circumlocu 
tion  "  office,  and  was  favorably  indorsed  by  Colonel  Wheelock 
(97th  N.  Y.  Vols.),  then  commanding  the  brigade,  but  when  it 
came  to  General  Robinson,  the  division  commander,  he  recom 
mended  that  the  NINTH  "be  consolidated  with  some  other 
regiment  from  the  same  State."  General  Reynolds  approved 
Robinson's  action,  but  General  Hooker  was  sensible  enough 
to  differ  with  his  subordinates,  and  he  heartily  indorsed  the 
petition,  stipulating  that  while  the  regiment  was  absent  its 
place  might  be  filled  "  by  another  good  regiment." 

The  consolidation  of  old  and  decimated  regiments  was  then 
a  matter  under  consideration  by  the  War  Department,  by 
whom  the  petition  of  the  NINTH  was  returned,  with  the  follow 
ing  indorsement : 

• 

Respectfully  returned  to  Major-General  Hooker,  commanding  Army  of  the 
Potomac. 

Orders  will  not  be  issued  by  this  Department  in  regard  to  allowing  regiments  to 
return  to  their  States  for  the  purpose  of  recruitment,  until  it  is  definitely  decided  what 
action  will  be  taken  in  regard  to  the  consolidation  of  regiments. 

THOMAS  M.  VINCENT, 

Asst.  Adjt. -General. 

The  consolidation  scheme  met  with  so  much  opposition 
from  the  o.ld  regiments,  who  did  not  want  to  lose  their  identity, 
that  it  was  abandoned. 


244  THE    NINTH    NEW    YORK.  April 

on  roads  out  of  sight  of  the  enemy,  and  ordered  to  cross 
at  Kelly's  Ford,  thence  to  march  on  two  parallel  roads, 
towards  the  Rapidan,  cross  that  stream  at  German na  and 
Ely's  Fords  arid  concentrate  at  Chancellorsville.  The  Second 
corps  was  to  march  to  United  States  Ford  on  the  Rappa- 
hannock,  and  when  the  turning  column  should  pass  down  and 
uncover  that  crossing,  Couch  was  to  join  the  main  body. 
This  concentration  was  effected  on  the  night  of  the  3Oth,  and 
General  Hooker  also  moved  his  headquarters  to  that  point. 
"The  remarkable  success  attending  this  movement,  of  which 
Lee  did  not  become  aware  till  the  Rappahannock  had  been 
crossed,  was  the  result  of  a  secrecy  and  a  celerity  of  march 
new  in  the  Army  of  the  Potomac.  To  have  marched  a  column 
of  fifty  thousand  men,  laden  with  sixty  pounds  of  baggage, 
and  encumbered  with  artillery  and  trains,  thirty-seven  miles  in 
two  days  ;  to  have  bridged  and  crossed  two  streams,  guarded 
by  a  vigilant  enemy,  with  the  loss  of  half-a-dozen  men,  one 
wagon  and  two  mules,  is  an  achievement  which  has  few  par 
allels,  and  which  well  deserves  to  rank  with  Prince  Eugene's 
famous  passage  of  the  Adige  "  (Swinton's  Army  of  the  Poto 
mac,  page  273). 

For  the  purpose  of  further  masking  the  movement  already 
described,  General  Sedgwick,  with  his  own  and  the  First  and 
Third  corps,  was  ordered  to  demonstrate  in  front  of  and  below 
Fredericksburg.  The  cavalry  also  had  been  assigned  an 
important  duty ;  it  penetrated  to  the  left  and  rear  of  Lee's 
lines,  and  aided  very  materially  in  the  general  movements  of 
the  army. 

The  First  corps,  as  has  been  stated,  was  ready  for  the 
march  at  noon  of  the  28th.  The  route  was  in  the  direction 
of  F'almouth,  near  which  the  regiment  bivouacked,  late  in  the 
evening,  after  a  wet  and  disagreeable  march.  Before  day 
break  the  next  morning  the  men  were  stirring,  and  soon  the 
march  was  resumed  down  the  river.  Early  in  the  afternoon 
the  river  was  approached  at  Pollock's  Mills,  about  a  mile  be 
low  Franklin's  crossing  of  the  previous  December,  and  prep 
arations  were  at  once  made  to  lay  a  pontoon  bridge.  The 


1 863  FITZ-HUGH'S  CROSSING.  245 

enemy,  from  a  fortified  position  at  Fitz  Hugh's  crossing,  on  the 
railroad,  attempted  to  prevent  the  laying  of  the  bridge,  but  the 
Fourteenth  Brooklyn,  and  the  Twenty-fourth  Michigan,  of 
General  Wadsworth's,  First  division,  crossed  the  river  in  the 
pontoon  boats,  in  the  face  of  a  heavy  musketry  fire,  and  drove 
back  the  enemy's  skirmishers  ;  General  Wadsworth  crossing  by 
swimming  his  horse.  A  tete-dc-pont  was  then  constructed  to 
defend  the  bridge,  which  was  soon  laid  by  the  engineer  corps. 
The  balance  of  the  First  division  then  crossed,  while  the 
Second  and  Third  remained  on  the  northern  bank. 

Meanwhile  a  division  of  the  Sixth  corps  had  gone  over 
at  Franklin's  old  crossing.  The  Third  corps  had  followed  the 
First  and  Sixth  as  a  reserve  force  in  case  of  a  serious  attack 
on  the  part  of  the  enemy,  but  aside  from  artillery  firing  at 
rather  long  range,  they  made  no  demonstration. 

Thursday  the  3Oth  had  been  appointed  by  the  President  as 
a  day  of  thanksgiving  and  prayer.  In  the  morning  orders 
from  General  Hooker,  announcing  the  successful  operations 
of  the  right  wing  of  the  army,  had  been  read.  Hooker  fol 
lowed  Pope  somewhat  in  the  wording  of  his  orders,  which 
sounded  quite  as  inflated  as  those  of  the  Western  General.  In 
the  afternoon  the  First  brigade  held  divine  service,  and  many  of 
the  regiment  attended.  Several  chaplains  took  part,  and  the 
cheering  news  from  the  right  gave  the  keynote  to  the  exer 
cises.  The  men  felt  that  victory  was  about  to  crown  their 
efforts,  and  all  were  ready  to  do  their  share  towards  accomplish 
ing  that  end.  During  the  services  an  occasional  shell  from 
the  enemy,  bursting  near-by,  lent  additional  interest  ;  one 
burst  so  near  that  a  man  in  the  regiment  was  wounded.  After 
the  services  were  concluded  the  troops  were  ordered  further 
back,  out  of  range  of  the  enemy's  fire.  During  the  day  the 
Third  corps  had  been  ordered  to  join  the  right  wing  at  Chan- 
cellorsville,  and  marched  away  for  that  purpose. 

Friday,  the  ist  of  May,  passed  quietly  with  the  First 
corps.  The  men  were  well  protected  from  the  enemy's  fire, 
and  no  casualties  occurred  in  the  regiment.  At  two  o'clock 
on  the  morning  of  the  2nd,  General  Hooker  ordered  the  corps 


246  THE    NINTH    NEW    YORK.  May 

to  join  him  at  Chancellorsville.  The  pontoon  bridge  was 
taken  up  before  daylight,  and  by  nine  o'clock  the  troops  were 
on  the  march.  The  vigilant  enemy  observed  the-  movement, 
and  soon  their  shells  were  bursting  about  the  column,  but  a 
little  double-quicking  soon  placed  the  men  behind  the  Stafford 
hills,  out  of  reach  of  the  ugly  visitors.  There  were  few  halts 
made  during  the  day,  and  at  sunset  the  corps  crossed  the 
Rappahannock  on  a  pontoon  bridge,  near  United  States  Ford, 
and,  marching  to  within  four  miles  of  Chancellorsville,  bivou 
acked  for  a  time.  Twenty-five  miles  had  been  covered  dur 
ing  the  day,  and  the  men  were  tired  enough  to  lie  down  and 
rest,  without  troubling  themselves  much  with  the  wild  rumors 
of  the  defeat  of  the  Union  Army  during  the  disastrous  bat 
tle  that  had  been  fought  late  in  the  afternoon.  But  the  men 
were  not  allowed  to  rest  very  long.  They  had  hardly  eaten 
their  supper  when  orders  were  given  to  fall  in  again,  and  soon 
the  whol-e  corps  was  placed  on  the  right  of  the  Union  line  of 
battle.  As  the  march  to  the  front  proceeded,  many  stragglers, 
especially  from  the  Eleventh  corps,  were  met,  who  told  dole 
ful  tales  of  their  being  surprised  and  overwhelmed  by  an  at 
tack  OLV  their  right  and  rear,  supposed  to  have  been  made  by 
Stonewall  Jackson's  corps.  About  midnight,  as  the  First  corps 
was  being  placed  in  position  to  prolong  the  right  of  the  line, 
quite  a  lively  artillery  fire  was  going  on  towards  the  left,  caused 
by  General  Sickles,  who  had  become  separated  from  the  army, 
fighting  his  way  back  to  the  Union  lines.  The  position 
assigned  the  corps  was  on  the  Ely's  Ford  road,  and  as  the 
troops  advanced  the  men  began  singing  "John  Brown's  Body." 
After  the  battle  the  bodies  of  many  Union  soldiers  lay  moulder 
ing  where  they  fell  in  that  terrible  tangle  of  the  Wilderness. 
The  right  of  the  corps  rested  on  Big  Hunting  Run,  a  trib 
utary  of  the  Rapidan,  the  extreme  flank  being  but  a  short  dis 
tance  south  of  the  river.  The  brigade  was  on  the  left  of  the 
division.  The  NINTH  was  sent  out  on  the  skirmish  line,  where 
it  remained  during  the  night,  keeping  a  vigilant  watch,  and 
trusting  that  the  work  of  the  morrow  would  result  in  a  victory 
for  the  Union  arms.  Meanwhile,  the  rest  of  the  brigade  were 


1863  OPERATIONS    AT    CHANCELLORSVILLE.  247 

put  at  work ;  some  chopping  clown  trees  to  form  an  aoattis, 
while  others  dug  rifle  pits  for  the  new  line  of  defence.  It  was 
a  beautiful,  clear,  moonlight  night,  and  as  the  men  chatted  in 
low  tones  with  each  other,  the  events  of  the  previous  day  were 
discussed  and  commenced  upon.  It  seems  that,  after  having 
attained  an  advantageous  position  east  of  Chancellorsville, 
without  serious  loss,  General  Hooker  ordered  his  troops  to 
fall  back,  thus  changing  his  tactics  from  the  offensive  to  the 
defensive,  and  losing  the  prestige  gained  by  his  brilliant  strat 
egical  movements,  which  culminated  the  day  before,  as  already 
•described. 

The  withdrawal  took  place  on  Friday,  May  ist,  the  Union 
troops  being  closely  pressed  during  the  operation  by  the  Con 
federates,  who  had  by  this  time  divined  Hooker's  plan.  As 
the  Union  line  was  formed,  the  left,  under  Meade,  rested  on 
the  Rappahannock,  near  Scott's  Dam,  just  below  Bank's  Ford, 
and  faced  east.  Slocum's  Twelfth  corps  joined  the  right  of 
the  Fifth  and  faced  south  ;  Howard's  Eleventh  corps  formed 
the  right  of  the  line  ;  while  Sickles,  with  the  Third  corps,  was 
held  in  reserve.  As  the  troops  were  placed  in  position  trees 
were  felled  along  the  entire  front.  During  the  day  the  Con 
federates  felt  the  line  at  various  points,  endeavoring  to  find  a 
weak  spot.  On  Saturday  morning  Stuart's  cavalry,  in  recon- 
noitering  the  right,  reported  that  Howard's  flank  was  "in  the 
air,"  and  offered  a  good  point  of  attack.  Jackson  asked  to 
be  allowed  to  make  the  flank  movement,  and  on  receiving  per 
mission,  set  about  its  performance. 

At  half-past  nine  General  Hooker  issued  the  following  let 
ter  of  instructions  : 

HEADQUARTERS  ARMY  OF  THE  POTOMAC, 

Chancellor sville,  Va.,  May  2,  1863,  9.30  A.  M. 
Major-Generals  SLOCUM  AND  HOWARD. 

I  am  directed  by  the  Major-General  Commanding  to  say  that  the  disposition  you 
have  made  of  your  corps  has  been  with  a  view  to  a  front  attack  by  the  enemy.  If  he 
should  throw  himself  upon  your  flank,  he  wishes  you  to  examine  the  ground  and  deter 
mine  upon  the  positions  you  will  take  in  that  event,  in  order  that  you  may  be  pre 
pared  for  him  in  whatever  direction  he  advances. 

He  suggests  that  you  have  heavy  reserves,  well  in  hand,  to  meet  this  contingency. 
The  right  of  your  line  does  not  appear  to  be  strong  enough. 


248  THE    NINTH    NEW    YORK.  May- 

No  artificial  defenses  worth  naming  have  been  thrown  up,  and  there  appears  to  be 
a  scarcity  of  troops  at  that  point,  and  not,  in  the  General's  opinion,  as  favorably  posted 
as  might  be.  We  have  good  reasons  to  suppose  that  the  enemy  is  moving  to  our 
right.  Please  advance  your  pickets  for  purposes  of  observation,  as  far  as  may  be  safe, 
in  order  to  obtain  timely  informaiion  of  their  approach. 

JAMES  H.  VAN  ALLEN, 

Brig.-Gcnl.  and  Aide  dc  Camp. 

It  does  not  appear  that  these  instructions  were  heeded,  or 
properly  attended  to.  While  with  Lee,  a  greatly  inferior  force, 
occupied  the  attention  of  the  Union  line,  Jackson  was  rapidly 
marching  by  a  wide  detour  to  strike,  what  proved  to  be,  one 
of  the  most  effective  blows  of  the  whole  war.  Late  in  the 
afternoon  his  column,  unknown  to  the  Union  troops,  had 
attained  the  coveted  position  on  the  flank  and  rear  of  the 
Eleventh  corps,  and  like  an  avalanche  sw<^pt  down  upon  How 
ard's  men,  routing  them  completely.  Darkness  alone  put  a  stop 
to  the  pursuit.  During  the  evening  General  Jackson,  while  re 
turning  from  a  reconnoissance  outside  his  lines,  was  fired  upon, 
through  a  mistake,  by  his  own  men,  and  mortally  wounded 

There  were  many  valiant  deeds  performed  during  the  terri 
ble  struggle  of  the  late  afternoon  and  early  evening.  In  order 
to  stem  the  tide  of  retreating  men,  and  also  to  check  the  on 
ward  rush  of  the  Confederates,  General  Pleasonton  made  good 
use  of  his  cavalry.  The  General  tells,  in  the  Century  Magazine, 
September,  1886,  how"  he  ordered  Major  Peter  Keen  an,  of  the 
Eighth  Pennsylvania  Cavalry,  with  his  small  regiment,  to 
charge  into  the  advancing  infantry  of  Jackson's  command. 
Keenan  smiled  at  the  size  of  his  task  and  said,  quietly  :  "  I  will 
do  it,  sir."  The  gallant  Major,  and  three  or  four  other  officers, 
and  about  thirty  men,  never  came  back  ;  but  time  had  been 
gained  and  the  guns  were  ready,  loaded  with  grape  and  canis 
ter,  to  meet  the  onset,  which  at  this  particular  point  of  the  line 
was  thus  checked. 

During  the  night  the  shattered  fragments  of  the  Eleventh 
corps  were  gotten  together  and  sent  off  to  the  left  of  the  Union 
line  to  reorganize.  In  anticipation  of  the  next  day's  battle. 
General  Hooker  sent,  during  the  evening,  orders  to  General 
Sedgwick,  who  was  then  on  the  south  side  of  the  river,  three 


1863  BATTLE    OF    CHANCELLORSVILLE.  249 

miles  below  Fredericksburg,  to  attack  the  enemy  at  daylight 
and  drive  him  from  his  position  on  the  heights  back  of  the 
town  (Lee  had  left  General  Early  with  about  nine  thousand 
men  to  hold  that  position),  and  then  advance  towards  Chan- 
cellorsville  by  way  of  Salem  Church. 

Daylight  of  Sunday,  the  3d,  found  the  NINTH  still  on  the 
skirmish  line.  During  the  forenoon  firing  was  heard  off  on 
the  left,  but  the  dense  and  almost  impenetrable  woods  screened 
all  movements  in  that  direction.  Straggling  parties  and  indi 
viduals  of  the  enemy,  ignorant  of  the  position  of  either  line, 
approached  and  were  captured.  In  the  afternoon  the  regi 
ment  was  relieved  from  duty  on  the  skirmish  line,  a.nd  fell 
back  to  the  line  of  battle,  where  the  men  occupied  the  trenches 
and  barricades  thrown  up  during  the  night.  Rain  was  .falling, 
but  the  sound  of  the  battle  was  continuous  on  the  left.  The 
Third  and  Twelfth,  with  a  portion  of  the  Fifth  Corps,  fought 
all  day  long  with  varying  success,  but  the  Union  line  was 
gradually  forced  back.  General  Reynolds  asked  to  be  allowed 
to  take  part  with  the  First  corps,  but  his  request  was  refused. 
In  the  afternoon  Hooker  was  injured  by  concussion,  a  shell 
striking  a  pillar  against  which  he  was  leaning,  on  the  porch  of 
the  Chancellor  House.  There  seemed  to  be  little  head  in  the 
direction  of  affairs,  and  officers  and  men  on  the  battle  line  real 
ized  the  situation.  After  dark  another  line,  still  further  to  the 
rear,  and  covering  the  fords  on  the  river,  was  laid  out,  to  which 
the  troops  were  withdrawn  during  the  night. 

A  word  as  to  Sedgwick's  operations.  By  daylight  he  was 
within  musket  shot  of  the  enemy  posted  on  Marye's  Heights. 
About  noon  the  Heights  were  captured,  together  with  some 
pieces  of  artillery  and  a  large  number  of  prisoners.  The 
Union  loss  in  the  action  was  severe,  being  over  one  thousand 
killed,  wounded  and  prisoners.  About  the  middle  of  the 
afternoon  Sedgwick  began  his  advance  to  join  Hooker  at 
Chancellorsville,  but  was  met  at  Salem  Church  (Heights)  by 
part  of  Early's  force  and  other  troops  sent  by  Lee  to  oppose 
the  Sixth  Corps.  A  bloody  battle  ensued,  resulting  in  great 
loss  to  Sedcrwick's  command,  and  darkness  found  both  sides 


250  THE    NINTH    NEW    YORK.  May 

occupying  their  respective  battle  grounds,  with  the  Union  right 
covering  Bank's  Ford. 

o 

Hooker  remained  inactive  during  the  4th,  whereupon  Lee 
sent  more  troops  to  assist  in  crushing  Sedgwick.  A  small 
guard  had  been  left  to  hold  Marye's  Heights,  and  Early  was 
soon  again  master  of  that  vantage  ground,  so  that  Sedgwick's 
position  was  a  perilous  one,  hemmed  in  on  three  sides. 
Nothing  special  occurred  till  late  in  the  afternoon  when  Sedg 
wick  was  attacked  by  a  superior  force  and  finally  forced  to 
recross  the  river.  There  had  been  no  severe  fighting  on  Hook 
er's  own  front  during  the  day.  During  the  night  a  council  of 
war  was  held,  and  after  stating  his  views  Hooker  withdrew 
from  the  council.  It  was  decided  by  the  majority  to  remain 
and  fight  it  out,  but  Hooker  sided  with  the  minority  and 
ordered  a  retreat  to  the  north  bank  of  the  Rappahannock. 

The  NINTH  lost  but  three  men  wounded  and  one  missing 
during  the  battle.  At  daybreak  of  the  6th  the  regiment  left 
the  breastworks,  and,  marching  with  the  other  troops  of  the 
command,  crossed  the  river  at  United  States  Ford  and 
marched  to  Falmouth.  The  shelter  tents  were  pitched,  mus 
kets  being  used  for  the  uprights,  as  there  was  not  a  stick  of 
wood  to  be  found  available  for  that  purpose. 


1863  WHITE    OAK    CHURCH.  251 

CHAPTER  XIV. 

THE  GETTYSBURG  CAMPAIGN. 

In  Camp  at  White  Oak  Church.  —  Departure  of  the  Two  Years'  Regiments.  —  Hooker's 
Care  of  His  Army.  —  Register  of  the  Regiment  in  the  Field.  —  Celebration  of  the 
Second  Anniversary  of  Departure  from  New  York.  —  Doctor  Nordquist  "  Watched." 
—  Return  of  Colonel  Hendrickson.  —  Confederate  Invasion.  —  The  Two  Armies.  — 
Lee's  Army  Moves.  —  Cavalry  Fight  at  Brandy  Station.  —  Army  of  the  Potomac 
Moves.  —  Progress  of  the  Marches.  —  Colonel  Hendrickson  Takes  Leave  of  the  Regi 
ment.  —  Crossing  the  Potomac.  —  Through  Maryland.  —  General  Reynold's  in  Com 
mand  of  the  Left  Wing.  —  Stuart's  Raid.  —  Exit  Hooker,  enter  Meade.  —  Emmets- 
burg.  —  Pennsylvania.  —  Concentrating  on  Gettysburg. 


Thursday,  May  7th,  the  march  was  continued,  and  after 
traveling  eastward  about  eight  miles,  the  regiment  halted 
near  White  Oak  Church,  where  the  NINTH  was  destined  to 
remain  about  a  month,  during  which  time  several  interesting 
incidents  occurred. 

By  the  i8th  the  weather  had  become  quite  warm  ;  the  loca 
tion  of  the  camp  was  not  a  good  one,  and  a  change  was  made 
to  a  better  place  near  by.  The  usual  drills,  parades,  and  re 
views  were  the  order  of  the  day.  Ovens  were  built  and  the 
men  luxuriated  in  "  soft  "  bread,  while  other  articles,  not  usu 
ally  supplied  by  the  commissariat,  caused  the  men  to  bless 
General  Hooker  for  his  kind  and  watchful  care. 

Owing  to  the  expiration  of  the  term  of  service  of  the  two 
years'  regiments  belonging  to  the  division,  the  command 
was  reduced  to  two  brigades  •  the  Second  consisting  of  the 

o  o 

Eleventh,  Eighty-eighth  and  Ninetieth  Pennsylvania,  Twelfth 
Massachusetts,  Ninety-seventh  New  York,  and  the  NINTH. 
Fifteen  members  of  the  Twenty-sixth  New  York,  organized  at 
Elmira,  who  had  not  served  out  their  time,  were  transferred  to 
the  NINTH  on  the  2ist  of  the  month. 

Up  to  this  time  an  aggregate  of  about  fourteen  hundred 
names  had  been  placed  upon  the  rolls  of  the  regiment.  Fol 
lowing  is  a  list  of  all  of  that  number  who  remained  present 
for  duty  on  the  22nd. 


252  THE    NINTH    NEW    YORK.  May 

Field  and  Staff. 

Lieutenant-Colonel  Joseph  A.  Moesch  (Commanding); 
Surgeon  Charles  }.  Nordquist ;  Adjutant  Henry  P.  Clare ; 
Quartermaster  A.  Martin  Burtis. — 4. 

Non-Commissioned  Staff. 

Sergeant-Major  Fitch  R.  Ludlam  ;  Quartermaster-Sergeant 
Washington  A.  Toland ;  Commissary-Sergeant  Robert  A. 
Soderbery  ;  Hospital  Steward  George  M.  Teale  ;  Drum-Major 
William  Hill.— 5. 

Company  A. 

Captain  Thomas  W.  Quirk  ;  Sergeants,  Frank  F.  Carter, 
John  D.  Moore.  Daniel  W.  Outwater,  Thomas  E.  Smith  ; 
Corporals,  Washington  Fosdick,  Frederick  Kirchet  ;  Privates, 
Robert  A.  Johnston,  John  W.  McCort,  David  O.  Pearson, 
Patrick  Sullivan,  Romance  Wyatt  ;  Drummer  Henry  Steele. 

-13- 

Company  B. 

Lieutenants,  Charles  A.  Clark,  John  B.  Dolan  ;  Sergeants, 
Charles  H.  Barker,  August  Kubely,  Jacob  Mangold,  Jr.,  Fred- 
-erick  Muncke  ;  Corporals,  Justus  Dearman,  George  Sinning; 
Privates,  Christopher  Bright,  Frederick  Graff,  John  Grant, 
Herman  Hibschle,  Charles  Hoefer,  Thomas  Keogh,  William 
Kriemler,  Henry  Leisinger,  Rudolph  Mast,  Ulrich  Muhlen- 
thaler,  Ernest  Naumann,  J.  Henry  Regener,  Emil  Reinacher, 
James  G.  Rolston,  John  Scherrer,  Charles  Sturm,  Albert 
Wiedmer,  Dominick  Zimmerman. — 26. 

Company  C. 

First  Lieutenant  Cyrus  C.  Hubbard  ;  Sergeants,  George  O. 
Hirst,  Jacob  F.  Munson,  Robert  P.  Skinner;  Corporals.  Augus 
tus  L.  Barowsky,  Peter  Cullinan,  Andrew  S.  Engle,  Jr.,  Wilton 
T.  Jennings,  William  H.  Miller,  Isaac  S.  Sharp,  Frederick 
Spackman  ;  Privates,  Chas.  W.  Brewster,  Alfred  Flock,  Jr..  F. 
Oliver  Flood,  Matthew  Hagen,  Cornelius  Hartt,  John  J. 
Joyce,  Henry  D.  Lynch,  George  I.  McBride,  Francis  McDon 
ald,  Joseph  Meyer,  William  H.  Robbins,  Henry  R.  Thorp, 


1863  REGISTER    ON    THE    TWENTY-SECOND.  253 

Robert  P.  Travis,  John  Ferris  White  ;  Drummer  Chas.  E.  Mc- 
Cready. — 26. 

Company  D. 

Captain  Frederick  Guyer  ;  Lieutenant  Henry  Ferret  ;  Ser 
geants,  William  McCance,  Charles  C.  Sinclair,  Lucius  C. 
Wing  ;  Corporals,  Charles  C.  Dominick,  William  H.  Gilbert  ; 
Privates,  William  H.  Hibbard,  Jr..  George  E.  Hyatt,  John  W. 
Jaques,  Alfred  Miles,  John  W.  Springer,  Sidney  J.  Vreden- 
burgh,  George  Watson,  Jr. — 14. 

Company  E. 

First  Lieutenant  Lawrence  M.  Whitney  ;  Sergeants,  Rob 
ert  F.  Cooke,  William  Henderson.  Josiah  C.  Terwilliger ; 
Corporals,  Charles  H.  Bladen,  Thomas  J.  Davis,  David  Gillan, 
James  E.  Sprague  ;  Privates,  Archibald  Campbell,  Moses  F. 
Cook,  William  F.  Gould,  George  Heffern,  Thomas  M.  Hen- 
nion,  Charles  Savard,  Archibald  Stewart,  Benjamin  C.  Sykes, 
Lawrence  Teller,  Dunnelle  Van  Schaick  ;  Drummer  Hezekiah 
Springer. — 19. 

Company  F. 

First  Lieutenant  Jacob  Jacobs  ;  Sergeants,  James  S.  Burtis, 
Thomas  W.  Howard,  Daniel  E.  Trittenback  ;  Corporals, 
Charles  A.  Archer,  Theodore  Armstrong,  Thomas  Cassady, 
Samuel  C.  F" razee;  Privates,  Joseph  B.  Davis,  Thomas  L. 
Hanna,  William  B.  Osborn,  Alfred  R.  Penney,  Archibald 
Penny,  Charles  F.  Russell,  William  Scott,  John  S.  Simmons, 
Jacob  W.  Steves,  David  B.  Williams ;  Drummers,  George 
Bohnenberger,  John  Rockett. — 20. 

Company  G. 

Lieutenant  Thomas  W.  Thorne ;  Sergeants,  Thomas  D. 
Clifford,  William  S.  Morris,  Frank  I.  Page,  Arnold  Polster  ; 
Corporals,  Dennis  Fleming,  Isaac  P.  Jones,  George  F.  Shaf- 
ford  ;  Privates,  John  D.  Conlin,  Sovereign  A.  Donaldson,  S. 
Augustus  Gardner,  Thomas .Keenan,  Robert  Martin,  John  R. 
Parton,  John  Pitts,  Michael  Purcell,  Joseph  Sharot,  George 
W.  W'ashburn,  James  G.  Weaver,  Daniel  E.  WTood,  Peter 
Yearance  ;  Drummer  Joseph  F.  Swords. — 22. 


254  THE    NINTH    NEW    YORK.  May 

Company  H. 

First  Lieutenant  Henry  A.  Van  Pelt  ;  Sergeants,  David 
Devlin,  William  F.  Killman,  John  H.  Smith;  Corporals,  John 
L.  Baker,  Edwin  A.  Brockner,  Joseph  Dowling ;  Privates,  Jos 
eph  W.  Adee,  Patrick  Burns,  George  A.  Conley,  Edmund  A. 
Davis,  Thomas  Deacon,  John  Dowling,  Joseph  T.  Hallock, 
Robert  A.  Logan,  John  McDermott,  Joseph  McGrath,  James 
A.  O'Connor,  Charles  O'Neill,  Thomas  J.  Ryan,  J.  Living 
ston  Snedecker,  Alfred  A.  Solomen,  William  Spencer,  Peter 
Strubel,  William  Wayte  ;  Drummers,  William  Daly,  Frank  K. 
Rollins. — 27. 

Company   I, 

Lieutenant  Thomas  J.  Barnes  ;  Sergeants,  Arthur  Blaney, 
Benjamin  F.  Bowne,  Thomas  W.  Higgs  ;  Corporals,  William 
Black,  Samuel  Matthews  ;  Privates,  George  Bieo-el,  George 

O  £>  O 

Bodenmiller,  George  Hicks,  Hubert  Manly,  Thomas  L. 
McCanlis,  Walter  Scott,  Matthew  L.  Tabele,  Frank  Wester- 
velt,  Theodore  Youngman. — 15. 

Company  L. 

Captain  Henry  V.  Williamson  ;  Lieutenant  J.  M.  K.  Con 
nolly  ;  Sergeants,  Henry  C.  Barnum,  Henry  J.  Curry,  Thomas 
N.  Marcotte,  John  I.  Van  Alst,  Jr.;  Corporals,  Benjamin  F. 
Douglass,  James  A.  Graham,  Samuel  G.  Van  Norden  ;  Pri 
vates,  Charles  M.  Ames,  John  H.  Brown,  Samuel  Brown, 
Thomas  W.  Brown,  Robert  H.  Davis,  Daniel  Eagan,  Patrick 
Hosey,  William  A.  Jenkins,  John  J.  Johnson,  Henry  J.  Kelly, 
John  J.  Kelly,  John  T.  Lockington,  John  Malone,  Joseph  V. 
Marseilles,  Augustus  W.  Meade,  Mark  A.  Murray,  George  C. 
Platt,  James  Thompson,  Emanuel  F.  Wood. — 28, 


1863  SECOND    ANNIVERSARY.  255 

RECAPITULATION. 

Field  and  Staff           ....  4 

Non-Commissioned  Staff                    .              .  5 

Company  A                 .              .             .              .  13 

B                ....  26 

C                 ...»  26 

D               ....  14 

E                ....  19 

F               ....  20 

G               ....  22 

"        H              ....  27 

"I                ....  15 

L  28 


Total  .  .  .  219 

The  2 /th  was  the  second  anniversary  of  the  departure  of 
the  regiment  for  the  seat  of  war,  and  the  day  was  duly  cele 
brated.  In  anticipation  of  the  event,,  and  also  to  honor  an 
officer  for  whom  all  the  men  had  the  greatest  respect,  a  move 
ment  had  been  set  on  foot  some  time  before,  by  the  enlisted 
men,  for  the  purchase  of  a  testimonial  to  Surgeon  Nordquist. 
At  ten  A.  M.  the  men  gathered  informally  upon  the  parade 
ground,  the  occasion  being  also  honored  by  the  presence  of  all 
the  regimental  officers,  Generals  Robinson  and  Baxter  with 
their  staffs,  and  many  others  of  the  brigade. 

Quartermaster  Sergeant  Washington  A.  Toland  had  been 
selected  by  the  committee  to  make  the  presentation  address, 
in  which  duty  he  acquitted  himself  in  a  most  happy  manner. 
The  Doctor  having  been  brought  to  the  front,  Sergeant  Toland 
addressed  him  briefly,  reviewing  the  Doctor's  services  to  the 
men  of  the  regiment,  and  complimenting  him  upon  his  uniform 
kindness  during  the  time  he  had  been  with  them.  He  alluded 

o 

particularly  to  the  exertions  of  the  Doctor  during  and  after 
the  Fredericksburg  battle,  when  he  was  Division  Surgeon,  and 
said  that  his  friends  had  closely  watched  him  while  in  the  dis 
charge  of  his  manifold  and  highly  important  duties,  and  that 


1863  EXPECTATION    OF    THE    CONFEDERATES  257 

the  season  advanced  the  men  knew  that  life  in  camp  would 
soon  be  exchanged  for  a  marching  and  fighting  campaign. 

On  the  Qth  Colonel  Hendrickson,  supplied  with  a  wooden 
leg  in  place  of  the  member  lost  at  the  battle  of  Fredericks- 
burg,  reported  for  duty.  His  advent  was  hailed  with  delight, 
notwithstanding  the  fact  that  in  Lieutenant-Colonel  Moesch 
the  men  placed  the  utmost  confidence.  The  Colonel  was  also 
a  brave  and  sagacious  officer,  and  his  return  to  field  duty,  in 
his  crippled  condition,  showed  that  he  meant  to  do  all — and  more 
—that  his  country  required  at  his  hands. 

An  important  campaign  of  the  Army  of  the  Potomac  is  now 
approached — that  of  Gettysburg.  Important,  not  because  it 
was  the  first  from  which  the  Union  Army  had  emerged  as 
nominal  victors — for  the  Maryland  campaign  resulted  in  that 
—but  because  the  "high-water  mark"  of  the  rebellion  was 
reached  during  the  campaign,  and  from  thence  dated  the  "  De 
cline  and  Fall"  of  the  Southern  Confederacy.  It  is  not  wished 
to  be  understood  as  assuming  that,  had  the  Confederates  been 
successful  in  the  battle,  or  in  the  defence  of  Vicksburo-  during 

o  o 

the  same  month,  they  would  have  at  once  succeeded  in  estab 
lishing  a  Southern  confederacy;  but  up  to  that  time  their  suc 
cess  in  arms  in  Virginia — the  principal  theatre  of  the  war — 
had  caused  the  Southern  leaders  to  believe  that,  could  they 
but  transfer  it  beyond  the  Potomac,  and  show  to  the  world 
they  were  able  to  maintain  themselves  as  an  aggressive  force 
on  Northern  soil,  their  Independence  would  be  acknowledged 
by  some  of  the  "Powers"  in  Europe;  and  with  expected  aid 
from  that  source  they  might  then  be  enabled  to  accomplish 
the  dismemberment  of  the  American  Union.  In  this  they 
failed,  and  because  of  the  failure  the  doom  of  the  Confederacy 
was  hastened. 

Lee's  army  at  this  time  was  in  splendid  condition ;  it  had 
been  victorious  in  the  last  two  great  battles  fought,  and  if  ever 
a  bold,  aggressive  movement  was  to  be  made,  now  was  the 
time  for  that  army  to  take  the  initiative.  During  the  discus 
sion  as  to  the  best  •  method  of  invading  the  North,  General 
Longstreet  had  proposed  a  movement  by  way  of  Kentucky, 


258  THE    IS  I  NTH    NEW     YORK.  June 

but  that  was  rejected,  and  it  was  decided  to  move  inco  Penn 
sylvania,  by  way  of  the  Shenandoah  and  Cumberland  Valleys, 
thus  turning  Hooker's  right,  and  forcing  the  Army  of  the 
Potomac  from  its  position  without  a  battle. 

On  the  ist  of  the  month  Lee's  army  numbered  eighty 
thousand  of  all  arms  ;  the  infantry,  sixty-eight  thousand,  was 
divided  into  corps,  the  First,  Second  and  Third  under  Long- 
street,  Ewell  and  A.  P.  Hill,  respectively.  Each  corps  had 
about  eighty  guns.  The  cavalry  was  under  General  Stuart, 
and  quartered  in  the  vicinity  of  Brandy  Station,  watching  the 
fords  of  the  Rappahannock. 

The  Army  of  the  Potomac  numbered  about  eighty-two 
thousand  of  all  arms,  divided  into  seven  corps  ;  the  First,  Gen 
eral  Reynolds ;  Second,  General  Hancock ;  Third,  General 
Sickles ;  Fifth,  General  Meade ;  Sixth,  General  Sedgwick ; 
Eleventh,  General  Howard ;  and  Twelfth,  General  Slocum. 
General  Alfred  Pleasonton  commanded  the  cavalry,  consisting- 
of  about  eleven  thousand  men,  quartered  between  Warrenton 
and  Catlett's  Station.  About  three  hundred  guns  accom 
panied  the  army. 

On  the  3rd  day  of  the  month  the  Confederate  Army  be 
gan  the  campaign.  Culpeper  was  to  be  the  rendezvous  for  the 
columns  sent  out  from  Lee's  army,  and  from  this  point, 
masked  by -Stuart's  cavalry,  the  Confederate  leader  expected 
to  make  a  bold  strike  for  the  Shenandoah  Valley,  capture  or 
drive  out  Milroy,  and  enter  Pennsylvania  before  Hooker 
should  become  aware  of  his  intentions.  But  it  was  impossible 
that  such  important  movements  could  be  made  without  creat 
ing  some  suspicion  in  the  mind  of  the  Union  General,  and  on 
the  5th,  General  Sedgwick  had  completed  the  laying  of  two 
bridges  at  Franklin's  Crossing,  and  a,  division  of  his  corps 
went  over  on  a  reconnoissance.  The  bold  front  displayed  by 
Hill,  whose  corps  had  been  left  to  keep  up  appearances,  led 
Sedgwick  to  believe  that  the  whole  Confederate  Army  was 
still  in  their  intrenchments.  Hooker,  however,  fearing  that 
Lee  intended  to  attack  his  right,  sent  the  Fifth  corps  up  the 
river  to  watch.  On  the  /th  Pleasonton  was  ordered  to  make 


1863  THE    TWO    ARMIES    MOVE.  259 

a  reconnoissance  towards  Culpeper,  for  the  purpose  of  deter 
mining  whether  any  of  Lee's  infantry  had  reached  that  point. 
A  severe  battle  between  the  two  cavalry  forces  occurred  on 
the  8th,  at  Brandy  Station,  and  Pleasonton  discovered  that 
the  enemy's  infantry  was,  indeed,  moving  towards  the  west. 

Hooker  was  now  desirous  of  crossing  the  river  at  Freder- 
icksburg  and  destroying  the  force  left  there,  but  the  authori 
ties  at  Washington,  fearful  for  the  safety  of  the  Capitol, 
refused  their  consent,  and  Hooker  set  about  discovering  the 
points  at  which  he  could  intercept  Lee's  march,  which  was 
now  believed  to  be  directed  north. 

By  the  loth  Ewell  had  approached  close  to  Chester  Gap, 
in  the  Blue  Ridge,  and  on  the  i3th  was  marching  upon  Win 
chester,  where  he  arrived  on  the  evening  of  the  i4th.  Milroy, 
seeing  the  impossibility  of  resistance,  evacuated  the  town 
before  daylight  the  next  morning,  but  when  about  four  miles  on 
the  road  towards  Martinsburg  — his  retreat  to  Harper's  Ferry 
being  cut  off  — he  encountered  the  enemy,  who  had  already  sent 
a  force  of  cavalry  and  infantry  towards  Martinsburg.  Milroy 
made  a  brave  fight,  but  his  force  was  easily  beaten,  and  a  large 
number  were  captured.  The  Valley  was  now  clear  for  the 
march  of  the  Confederate  Army. 

Hooker  had  sent  the  Third  and  Fifth  corps  up  the  Rappa- 
hannock  and  towards  Culpeper.  On  the  I2th  the.  First  corps 
was  put  in  motion.  At  three  o'clock  in  the  morning  the  men 
of  the  NINTH  were  aroused,  and  at  five  began  the  march. 
The  day  proved  to  be  one  of  the  hottest  the  men  had  ever 
experienced,  as  they  tramped  along  the  dusty  roads  through  the 
devastated  country.  Water  was  scarce,  fence  rails  nearly  all 
gone,  so  that  it  was  difficult  to  find  wood  enough  during  the 
short  halts  with  which  to  cook  coffee.  At  noon,  and  while 
the  men  were  enjoying  a  short  halt,  the  stillness  was  broken 
by  the  discharge  of  a  volley  of  small-arms,  caused  by  the  exe 
cution  of  a  deserter  from  the  Nineteenth  Indiana  who  had 
been  captured  at  Chancellorsville  while  fighting  in  the  ranks 
of  the  enemy. 

Hartwood  Church  was  passed  towards  evening,  and  a  short 


26O  THE    NINTH    NEW    YORK.  June 

distance  bevond,  near  the  banks  of  a  creek,  the  command 
halted  for  the  night.  The  twenty-two  mile  march  fitted  all  to 
enjoy  a  sound  sleep.  The  next  morning  blistered  feet  were 
bound  up,  and  at  seven  o'clock  the  march  was  resumed.  The 
long  rest  had  rendered  the  men  unfit  for  heavy  marching  until 
they  had  been  "  broken  in  "  again,  and  there  were  many  strag- 
prlei  s.  On  reaching  Bealton,  the  column  headed  towards  Rap- 

^>  o 

pahannock  Station,  and  at  seven  in  the  evening  the  troops 
halted.  The  NINTH  was  sent  out  on  picket,  near  to  the  cross 
ing  of  the  river,  where  the  men  passed  an  uncomfortable  night 
in  the  rain.  During  the  day  the  First,  Third  and  Eleventh 
corps  were  constituted  the  left  wing  of  the  army,  and  General 
Reynolds  placed  in  command  ;  while  General  Abner  Double- 
day  was  assigned  to  the  command  of  the  First  corps. 

At  five  o'clock  on  the  morning  of  the  I4th  the  NINTH  was 
withdrawn  from  picket  duty,  and  returned  to  its  place  in  the 
column,  which  moved  at  seven,  headed  northeast.  They  rested 
a  short  time  at  Catlett's  Station,  then  pushed  on  through 
fields  and  woods,  until  at  nightfall  a  halt  was  ordered  in  the 
vicinity  of  Bristoe  Station.  But  the  men  were  only  allowed 
an  hour  or  so  in  which  to  cook  their  supper,  when  "  forward  " 
was  again  the  order.  The  darkness  rendered  the  march  diffi 
cult  and  slow  ;  numerous  streams  had  to  be  crossed,  and  at 
five  o'clock  in  the  morning  of  the  I5th,  the  men  found  them 
selves  near  Manassas  Junction,  having  been  on  the  tramp  for 
twenty-four  hours,  during  which  time  they  had  covered  only 
twenty-five  miles. 

By  the  morning  of  the  i5th  the  Confederate  infantry,  under 
Ewell,  had  reached  Williamsport,  Maryland,  while  General 
Jenkins  with  a  force  of  cavalry  had  penetrated  to  Chambers- 
burg,  in  Pennsylvania.  Meanwhile  the  North  was  being 
aroused,  and  militia  regiments  were  pouring  in  from  Maryland, 
Pennsylvania,  and  New  York,  upon  the  call  of  the  President 
for  one  hundred  and  twenty  thousand  men  for  temporary  ser 
vice. 

At  nine  o'clock  in  the  morning  of  the  i5th  the  NINTH  were 
in  line  and  marching  towards  Bull  Run,  which  was  crossed,  and 


1863  UNION    ARMY    MOVES    NORTH.  26 1 

soon  halted  long  enough  to  prepare  a  late  breakfast.  Centre- 
ville  was  reached  about  the  middle  of  the  afternoon,  and  it  was 
found  that  the  Sixth  and  Eleventh  corps  were  also  encamped 
in  the  vicinity.  The  cavalry,  under  Pleasonton,  marched  on 
roads  to  the  left  of,  and  parallel  with,  the  infantry,  thus  guard 
ing  that  flank  against  the  attack  of  Stuart's  troopers. 

The  1 6th  was  spent  in  camp,  much  to  the  relief  of  the  men. 
Hooker  was  yet  uncertain  what  to  do.  Pennsylvania  was  cry 
ing  aloud  for  relief,  and  yet,  if  he  pushed  too  far  north,  while 
the  bulk  of  Lee's  army  was  in  the  Valley,  he  was  afraid  of  un 
covering  the  Capitol,  so  he  waited  for  the  further  development 
of  Lee's  plans. 

Colonel  Hendrickson  took  leave  of  the  regiment  on  this 
day.  In  his  disabled  condition  he  found  it  difficult  to  endure 
the  fatigues  of  the  march,  he  could  not  walk,  and  his  wooden 
leo"  bothered  him  greatly  while  on  horseback.  Towards  even- 

£>  o  ^ 

ing  the  men  assembled  at  his  tent  in  order  to  pay  their 
respects.  In  a  short  speech  he  bid  them  good-bye,  and  left  for 
home.  After  a  few  weeks'  surgical  treatment,  and  finding  that 
it  would  be  impossible  for  him  to  serve  again  in  the  field,  the 
Colonel  resigned — August  ist — but  was  subsequently  assigned 
to  duty  in  the  Veteran  Reserve  Corps,  with  which  he  continued 
till  mustered  out  at  the  close  of  the  war.  The  Colonel  entered 
the  military  service  as  a  Private  in  Company  H,  Seventh 
Regiment  N.  Y.  S.  M.,  May  12,  1857;  became  Sergeant- 
Major  of  the  NINTH  in  1860;  was  elected  First  Lieutenant  of 
Company  G,  April  26th,  and  Captain,  July  29th,  1861  ;  he  was 
appointed  Major,  September  2.oth,  and  Lieutenant-Colonel 
Nov.  2/th,  1862  ;  and  promoted  Colonel,  Jan.  i8th,  1863. 

At  two  o'clock  on  the  morning  of  the  I  /  th,  the  reveille 
sounded,  and  at  four  the  column  was  in  motion,  headed  due 
north.  The  section  passed  through  did  not  seem  to  have 
suffered  much  from  the  ravages  of  war  ;  fences  were  standing,  the 
fields  were  under  cultivation,  and  the  dwelling-houses  occupied. 
The  day  was  very  hot  ( ioo^°),  and  a  number  of  cases  of  sun 
stroke  occurred.  Afte-r  a  fifteen-mile  march  the  troops  halted 
early  in  the  afternoon  at  Herndon  Station,  on  the  Loudoun  and 


262  THE    NINTH    NEW    YORK.  June 

Hampshire  railroad,  and  about  three  miles  from  Drainsville. 
Wood  and  water  being  plenty,  the  men  made  the  most  of  those 
luxuries.  Reveille  at  three  o'clock  next  morning  roused  the 
regiment,  and  at  five,  lines  were  formed  ;  but  marching-  orders 

o  o 

did  not  come,  and  the  men  lay  around  baking-  in  the  hot  sun. 
At  noon  the  tents  were  again  pitched.  In  the  afternoon  it 
began  to  rain,  and  continued  all  night.  The  next  morning, 
the  iQth,  the  corps  started  off  early,  but  the  regiment  had  been 
detailed  to  guard  the  wagon  train  ;  the  men  had  packed  up, 
but  as  the  teams  would  not  be  likely  to  move  for  some  hours, 
and  the  rain  continued  to  fall,  the  tents  were  set  up  again. 
During  the  afternoon,  the  pickets,  which  had  been  posted 
about  a  mile  from  camp,  were  attacked  by  some  of  John  S. 
Mosby's  guerilla  cavalry,  and  the  regiment  was  hastily  called 
into  line  ;  the  troopers,  however,  had  no  notion  of  staying  for  a 
fight,  and  soon  all  was  quiet  again.  During  the  night  the  rain 
continued,  accompanied  by  a  high  wind. 

At  three  o'clock  on  the  morning  of  the  2Oth  the  men  were 
ordered  out,  and  at  seven  accompanied  the  train  along  the 
line  of  the  railroad,  in  the  direction  of  Leesburo-.  When  Guil- 

o 

ford  Station  was  reached,  some  four  miles  distant,  the  train 
was  parked  and  the  regiment  went  into  bivouac.  Rain  con 
tinued  all  the  next  day,  rendering  the  camp  exceedingly  disa 
greeable.  On  the  22nd  a  detachment  of  volunteers  from  the 
regiment  went  back  to  Fairfax  Station,  as  guard  to  a  supply 
train,  returning  the  next  clay  in  charge  of  the  mails.  The  left 
flank  of  the  army  had  been  much  annoyed  for  several  days  by 
small  bodies  of  cavalry,  who,  familiar  with  the  country,  would 
make  sudden  dashes  on  small  parties  of  troops,  and  then  as 
suddenly  disappear.  General  Reynolds  narrowly  escaped  cap 
ture  by  one  of  these  bands,  and  it  was  determined  to  scour  the 
neighborhood  and  hunt  them  clown.  For  this  purpose  the 
NINTH,  in  light  marching  order,  and  under  the  direction  of 
General  Reynolds  in  person,  marched  out  about  four  miles, 
then  deployed  in  skirmishing  order,  and  scoured  the  woods  for 
several  hours,  but,  of  course,  no  enemy  was  found.  The  men 
laughed  at  being  sent  out  on  foot  to  hunt  for  cavalry.  The 


1863  CONFEDERATES    IN    PENNSYLVANIA.  263 

residents  of  the  neighborhood  were  all  in  sympathy  with  the 
enemy,  every  man  and  woman,  and  even  children,  acted  as 
informants,  and  conveyed  intelligence  to  the  Confederates, 
which  enabled  them  to  elude  any  force  that  might  be  sent 
against  them. 

The  morning  of  the  24th  brought  bright  and  pleasant 
weather  again,  and  on  the  25th  the  troops  were  in  motion. 
The  NINTH  still  had  charge  of  the  wagons  ;  progress  was  slow. 
At  four  o'clock  in  the  afternoon  the  Potomac  was  reached  at  a 
point  near  Edwards  Ferry,  but  it  was  nine  in  the  evening 
before  the  regiment  crossed.  The  lonor-continued  rain  had 

*-j  O 

softened  the  roads,  and  the  trains  and  artillery  which  had  pre 
ceded  the  First  corps,  had  so  cut  them  up,  that  it  was  with  great 
difficulty  the  poor  mules  could  pull  their  loads.  The  men  were 
often  obliged  to  put  their  own  shoulders  to  the  wheels,  and 
when  a  man  would  step  into  a  particularly  sticky  spot,  he  would 
shout  for  a  mule  to  help  pull  him  out.  Towards  midnight  the 
familiar  village  of  Poolesville  was  passed  through.  It  began  to 
rain  again,  and  when  Barnesville  was  reached,  the  men  were 
glad  to  halt  and  throw  themselves  down  on  the  wet  ground. 
Twenty  miles  had  been  covered,  but  the  men  were  more 
exhausted  than  though  they  had  marched  double  the  distance 
under  ordinary  circumstances.  The  corps  had  advanced  to 
the  vicinity  of  Middletown  to  guard  the  passes  in  the  South 
Mountain  range. 

Longstreet's  and  Hill's  corps  had  reached  Hagerstown, 
Md.,  during  the  251;!,  while  Ewell  was  pushing  on  towards 
Carlisle,  Pa.  Hooker's  plan  was  to  compel  the  enemy  to  keep 
his  forces  in  the  Cumberland  Valley,  on  the  west  side  of  the 
South  Mountain  range,  and  then,  when  he  had  advanced  far 
enough  north,  to  attack  his  rear  with  a  small  force,  and  thus 
sever  his  communications  with  Richmond.  Aware  of  the  pos 
sibility  of  this  movement,  Lee  urged  upon  the  Confederate 
Government  the  sending  of  a  large  force  to  Culpeper,  in  order 
that  it  might  operate  from  there  north,  and  keep  his  communi 
cations  open  ;  but  this  the  Richmond  authorities  could  not  do, 
for  they  had  not  the  men  to  spare. 


26d  THE    NINTH    NEW    YORK.  June 

V 

After  a  few  hours  uneasy  rest  in  the  rain,  the  regiment  was 
called  into  line  shortly  after  daylight  on  the  26th,  and  plodded 
alonof  with  the  waofon  train. 

*_>  o 

Leaving  SiiQfar  Loaf  Mountain  on  the  riofht,  Greenfield  was 

C:>  O  ^ 

passed,  the  Monocacy  crossed,  and  late  in  the  day,  after  a 
fifteen-mile  march,  a  halt  was  ordered  near  Adamstown,  on  the 
Baltimore  and  Ohio  railroad.  Early  on  the  2jth  the  march  was 
resumed.  Shortly  after  passing  through  Jefferson,  the  regi 
ment  was  relieved  from  duty  with  the  wagon  train,  and  joined 
the  brigade.  The  march  was  continued  through  Middletown, 
a  short  distance  beyond  which  the  troops  halted. 

During  the  day  Longstreet  and  Hill  occupied  Chambers- 
burg,  while  Ewell  entered  Carlisle,  and  Jenkins  was  at  Kings 
ton,  within  a  dozen  miles  of  Harrisburg.  Early,  commanding 
a  division  of  Swell's  corps,  had  been  tearing  up  the  railroad 
track  between  Harrisburcr  and  York,  and  late  in  the  afternoon 

o 

he  entered  the  latter  town.  Stuart,  with  the  bulk  of  his  cav 
alry,  had  started  on  another  of  his  famous  raids,  hoping,  by 
operating  in  the  rear  of  Hooker's  army,  to  keep  it  south  of 
the  Potomac  long  enough  to  give  Lee  an  opportunity  of  cap 
turing  Harrisburg,  and,  perhaps,  other  cities  further  north. 
On  the  26th  he  crossed  the  Potomac  at  Drainsville,  and  found 
that  the  Army  of  the  Potomac  was  all  across  the  river. 

The  Confederate  Generals  exercised  the  "right  of  might" 
in  levying  contributions  of  money,  food,  forage  and  clothing, 
upon  towns  they  occupied.  At  York,  Early  exacted  "  one  hun 
dred  thousand  dollars  in  cash  ;  two  hundred  barrels  of  Hour  ; 
thirty  thousand  bushels  of  corn  ;  one  thousand  pairs  of  shoes," 
etc.  (Doubleday's  Chancellor sville  and  Gettysburg,  page  113). 
On  the  26th,  Early  made  a  requisition  on  the  authorities  of 
Gettysburg,  demanding  60  barrels  of  flour  ;  7000  pounds  of 
pork  or  bacon  ;  1230  pounds  of  sugar  ;  600  pounds  of  coffee  ; 
1000  pounds  of  salt ;  40  bushels  of  onions  ;  1000  pairs  of 
shoes  ;  500  hats,  or  $10,000  in  money. 

He  was  answered  by  the  President  of  the  Council  as 
follows : 


1863  EXIT    HOOKER,    ENTER    MEADE.  265 

GETTYSBURG,//^  26,  1863. 
General  EARLY  : 

SIR  : — The  authorities  of  the  borough  of  Gettysburg,  in  answer  to  the  demand 
made  by  you  upon  the  said  borough  and  county,  say  their  authority  extends  but  to  the 
borough.  That  the  requisition  asked  for,  cannot  be  given,  because  it  is  utterly  impos 
sible  to  comply.  The  quantities  required  are  far  beyond  that  in  our  possession.  In 
compliance,  however,  to  the  demands  we  will  request  the  stores  to  be  open  and  the 
citizens  to  furnish  whatever  they  can  of  such  provisions,  etc.,  as  may  be  asked.  Fur 
ther  we  cannot  promise. 

By  authority  of  the  council  of  the  borough  of  Gettysburg,  I  hereunto,  as  President 
of  said  Board,  attach  my  name.  D.  KENDLEHART. 

General  Early  received  orders  to  proceed  to  York  that 
evening,  and  the  requisition  was  not  required  to  be  filled. 

York,  however,  to  which  place  he  next  marched,  was  made 
to  "shell  out,"  as  before  stated. 

At  the  time  of  General  Hooker's  appointment  to  the  com 
mand,  General  Halleck  and  Secretary  Stanton  were  both 
opposed  to  his  promotion.  The  result  of  the  Chancellorsville 
campaign  had  not  given  these  two  officers  any  more  confidence 
in  him,  and  Hooker  found  himself  at  variance  with  them  many 
times  during  the  progress  of  this  campaign.  Since  entering 
Maryland  Hooker  had  endeavored  to  obtain  control  of  certain 
bodies  of  troops  in  his  immediate  vicinity,  among  others,  the 
garrison  of  Harper's  Ferry  of  ten  thousand  men,  which  he 
wished  to  join  with  Slocum's  Twelfth  corps,  and  operate  on 
the  Confederate  rear,  but  Halleck  would  not  consent.  Other 
causes  of  grievance,  added  to  this,  determined  Hooker  to  ask 
to  be  relieved.  On  the  morning  of  the  28th  General  Meade 
was  placed  in  command. 

For  several  days — in  fact,  ever  since  Stuart  had  left  him 
and  started  on  his  independent  course — Lee  had  been  igno 
rant  of  the  movements  of  the  Army  of  the  Potomac.  Stuart 
had  tried  in  vain  to  communicate  with  his  chief,  but  as  the 
Union  Army  was  between  them,  his  scouts  could  not  get 
through.  It  was  not  till  the  28th,  that  a  daring  courier,  dis 
guised  as  a  farmer,  presented  himself  at  Longstreet's  tent  and 
announced  that  the  Army  of  the  Potomac,  which  Lee  sup 
posed  to  be  still  south  of  the  Potomac,  was  then  massed  in  the 
vicinity  of  Frederick.  Alarmed  for  his  communications  with 


266  THE    NINTH    NEW    YORK.  June 

Richmond,  the  Confederate  leader  called  a  halt  of  his  advance 
troops,  and  ordered  his  army  to  concentrate  about  Gettysburg, 
intending  to  move  towards  Baltimore  and  thus  draw  the  Union 

o 

Army  further  east  and  relieve  the  Confederate  rear. 

Upon  assuming  command,  Meade  took  the  responsibility 
of  ordering  General  French,  who  commanded  at  Harper's 
Ferry,  to  cooperate  with  him.  Geneial  Couch,  who,  upon  the 
first  news  of  the  invasion,  had  been  sent  from  the  army  to 
command  the  troops  assembling  at  Harrisburg,  was  also  placed 
under  Meade,  and  thus  the  new  commander  was  offered  the 
very  facilities  that  had  been  denied  Hooker. 

The  NINTH  made  but  a  short  march  on  the  28th,  starting 
about  three  o'clock  in  the  afternoon,  and  halted  within  a  mile 
of  Frederick  at  eight  in  the  evening.  On  the  2gth  an  early 
start  was  made  and  the  column  passed  through  Frederick,  then 
turned  north,  passing  in  succession  through  the  villages  of 
Lewiston,  Mechanicsville,  Franklin,  and  Emmetsburg,  and  halt 
ing  about  a  mile  north  of  the  latter  place,  where  line  of  battle 
was  formed.  The  men  had  got  their  marching  legs  in  order 
by  this  time,  and  the  twenty-five-mile  tramp  was  accomplished 
with  little  difficulty.  The  troops  bivouacked  behind  their 
stacks  of  muskets  during  the  night. 

The  extreme  left  of  the  Union  Army  had  reached  a  point 
near  Fairheld,  Pa.,  six  miles  north  and  west  of  Emmetsburg. 
The  Eleventh  corps  was,  with  the  First,  at  the  latter  place. 
The  Third  and  Twelfth  corps  were  near  Middleburg,  nine 
miles  southeast  of  Emmetsburg;  the  Fifth  corps  was  at  Taney- 
town,  five  miles  north  and  east  of  Middleburg;  the  Second  at 
Uniontown,  six  miles  southeast  of  Taneytown,  while  the  Sixth 
corps  was  at  New  Windsor,  about  two  miles  southeast  of 
Uniontown.  The  cavalry  was  distributed  at  various  points, 
part  of  Buford's  division  being  on  the  left,  near  Fairfield,  while 
Kilpatrick's  and  Gregg's  divisions  were  away  on  the  right, 
endeavoring  to  head  off  Stuart,  who  at  night  bivouacked  with 
the  head  of  his  column  at  Union  Mills,  eight  miles  southeast 
of  Taneytown.  Before  dark  a  part  of  the  Confederate  cavalry 
had  been  within  four  miles  of  Harrisburg,  and  the  people  there 


1863  NEARING    GETTYSBURG.  267 

were  thrown  into  the  greatest  consternation,  expecting  that  be 
fore  daylight  the  next  morning  the  city  would  be  in  the  hands 
of  the  enemy.  During  the  day,  however,  Lee's  orders  reached 
his  advance  troops,  and  they  turned  towards  Gettysburg. 
General  Pleasonton,  realizing  the  strategic  importance  of  that 
place,  had  ordered  Buford  to  occupy  the  town  early  'in  the 
morning  of  the  3Oth.  It  will  thus  be  seen  that  the  heads  of  the 
rival  columns  were  directed  to  the  same  point,  and  it  could 
not  be  long  before  the  clash  of  arms  would  be  heard. 

On  the  morning  of  the  3Oth,  the  NINTH  was  again  on  the 
march,  and  the  column  soon  crossed  Mason  and  Dixon's  line 
into  Pennsylvania.  The  First  corps  had  been  ordered  to  push 
on  towards  Gettysburg,  but  General  Reynolds,  discovering  that 
the  enemy  were  approaching  on  his  left  flank  from  the  direc 
tion  of  Fairfield,  halted  his  command  near  Marsh  Creek,  and 
awaited  further  developments.  At  night  the  right  and  left 
wings  of  the  army  were  twenty-five  miles  apart,  and  the  troops 
so  disposed  as  to  effectually  cover  both  Washington  and  Balti 
more.  General  Meade  had  decided,  as  soon  as  he  found  Lee's 
army  turning  about  to  face  him,  to  fall  back — if  necessary— 
and  establish  a  line  of  battle  on  the  left  bank  of  Pipe  Creek,  a 
small  stream  which  flows  in  a  southwesterly  direction  and 
empties  into  the  Monocacy  River,  about  eight  miles  south  of 
the  State  line. 

According  to  Pleasonton's  instructions,  Buford  had  occu 
pied  Gettysburg,  but,  owing  to  his  encountering  several  bodies 
of  the  enemy,  he  was  delayed,  and  did  not  reach  the  town  till 
evening.  He  at  once  pushed  his  pickets  out  on  the  Cham- 
bersburg  and  Mummasburg  roads — west  and  northwest  of  the 
town — to  warn  him  of  the  approach  of  the  enemy,  while  his 
main  force  was  posted  on  the  ridge  about  a  mile  and  a  half 
west  of  the  town.  Circumstances  were  driving  Meade  to  fio-ht 

C3  O 

a  battle  on  ground  other  than  he  intended.  During  the  night 
Reynolds  was  informed  of  Buford's  position,  and  he  deter 
mined  to  push  on  to  his  support  early  in  the  morning. 


268  THE    NINTH    NEW    YORK.  July 


CHAPTER   XV. 

THE  GETTYSBURG  CAMPAIGN  (Concluded.) 

The  First  of  July.  —  The  Enemy's  Advance  Encounters  Buford's  Cavalry.  —  General 
Reynolds  Goes  to  the  Front.—  The  First  Gun.  —  Robinson's  Division  Reaches  the 
Field.  —  Topography  of  the  First  Day's  Battle-Field.  —  Death  of  General  Rey 
nolds.  —  General  Howard  Assumes  Command  of  the  Troops  Engaged.  —  The 
New  Line  of  Battle.  —  The  NINTH  Engaged.  —  Capture  of  Iverson's  Brigade.  — 
Ammunition  from  the  Cartridge  Boxes  of  Dead  Comrades.  —  The  Eleventh  Corps 
Driven  Back.  —  The  First  Corps  Retires.  —  General  Doubleday's  Account.  —  Ceme 
tery  Hill.  —  Hancock  on  the  Field.  —  Battle-Field  of  Second  and  Third  Days.  — 
Confederate  Account  of  Artillery  Fire,  and  Pickett's  Charge.  —  The  Union  Line  of 
Battle.  —  Cushing's  Battery.  —  Stannard's  Vermonters.  —  Armistead  Reaches  the 
Stone  Wall.  —  A  Hand-to-Hand  Encounter.  —  Repulse  of  the  Enemy.  —  Death  of 
Gushing.  —  Colonel  Devereaux's  Account.  —  Colonel  Coulter  and  His  Color  Bearer. 
—The  NINTH  on  Picket.  —  Retreat  of  Lee's  Army.  —  The  Losses. 


daylight  of  Wednesday,  July  ist,  the  enemy  were  pressing- 
towards  Gettysburg,  and  when  Heth's  division  of  Hill's 
corps  encountered  Buford's  skirmishers  advancing  to  meet  them, 
the  latter  halted  and  formed  line  of  battle.  At  six  o'clock 
General  Reynolds  had  started  off  with  Wadsworth's  First 
division  of  the  First  corps,  leaving  Doubleday  to  follow  as 
rapidly  as  possible  with  the  other  two.  About  eight  o'clock 
the  NINTH  fell  into  line,  and  the  column  was  soon  marching 
along  the  Emmetsburg  Pike.  At  nine  o'clock  the  first  gun 
was  heard.  Thus  opened  the  memorable  and  bloody  battle. 
Soon  the  discharge  of  artillery  became  frequent,  and  the 
familiar  sound  served  to  quicken  the  steps  of  the  men  of  the 
Second  division,  which  at  that  time  happened  to  be  in  the  rear. 
Upon  nearing  the  Codori  House,  about  a  mile  and  a  half  from 
the  town,  the  column  broke  to  the  left  of  the  Pike  and  marched 
through  the  fields  and  by-roads  parallel  with  Seminary  Ridge, 
until  the  Lutheran  Seminary  building  was  reached.  It  was 
then  about  eleven  o'clock. 

A   mile  and   a  quarter  west  of  Gettysburg  is  Willoughby 


'/         /^4fnl.r',enJ4  <?:4™  "V  \        Gulps  H 


GETTYSBURG, 
JULY  1-3  1863. 

Numerals,  83,  94,  97,  104, 
&c.  Indicate  Location  of 
New  York  Regiments. 


1863  THE    FIRST   CORPS    HOLDS   THE    FIELD.  269 

Run,  a  small  stream  which  flows  nearly  south.  A  quarter  of 
a  mile  nearer  the  town,  and  parallel  with  the  stream,  is  a 
ridge,  upon  which  Buford's  cavalry  and  Wadsworth's  infantry 
division,  and  also  the  Third  division  of  the  First  corps,  were 
then  contending  with  the  enemy.  A  quarter  of  a  mile  still 
nearer  the  town,  and  just  three-quarters  of  a  mile  from  the 
central  square,  was  Seminary  Ridge,  which  takes  its  name 
from  the  Lutheran  Seminary  located  there.  When  the  Sec 
ond  division  reached  the  Seminary  it  was  ordered  to  halt  and 
intrench. 

Meanwhile,  a  severe  battle  had  been  fought  between  the 
greatly  superior  force  of  the  enemy  and  the  Union  troops  upon 
the  ridge  above  mentioned.  General  Reynolds  had  been  killed, 
and  the  Union  troops  were  being  pressed  back  to  the  position 
occupied  by  the  Second  division.  Under  General  Robinson's 
direction  a  slight  barricade  of  rails  had  been  thrown  up, 
crescent-shaped,  just  west  of  the  Seminary.  "General  Howard 
had  reached  the  field  in  advance  of  his  corps,  the  Eleventh, 
and,  on  being  informed  of  Reynolds' death,  assumed  command 
of  the  troops  engaged.  He  sent  back  orders  hurrying  up  the 
Eleventh,  the  advance  division  of  which,  under  General  Schim- 
melpfennig,  reached  the  ground  about  an  hour  after  Robinson. 
Howard  posted  Schimmelpfennig's  and  Barlow's  divisions  of 
the  Eleventh  to  cover  the  Nevvville  road  on  the  north,  and  the 
Harrisburg  road  northeast,  along  which  the  enemy,  under 
Ewell,  was  advancing,  and  left  Steinwehr's  division  as  a  reserve 
on  Cemetery  Hill. 

When  the  troops  of  the  two  corps,  which  were  to  form  the 
line  of  battle,  had  reached  the  positions  assigned  them,  it  was 
found  that  a  serious  gap  existed  between  the  right  of  the  First 
and  the  left  of  the  Eleventh.  This  being  reported  to  General 
Doubleday,  he  called  upon  General  Robinson  to  fill  the  gap. 

The  Eleventh  Pennsylvania  and  Ninety-seventh  New  York 
did  not  halt  with  the  brigade,  but  had  been  sent  out 
towards  the  front  line  ;  the  balance  of  the  brigade  was  soon 

o 

moved  forward  to  patch  out  the  line.   This  brought  the  NINTH 
into    the    fiofht.      Leaving    General     Paul    with    his — First — 


THE    NINTH    NEW    YORK.  July 

brigade  at  the  Seminary,  Robinson  and  staff  hurried  after  Bax 
ter.  Meanwhile,  the  brigade  had  been  posted  by  its  com 
mander  in  the  edge  of  a  strip  of  woods  along  the  Mummas- 
burg  Pike,  and  facing  north,  in  order  to  oppose  the  enemy, 
who  were  advancing  on  his  right  flank. 

But  there  was  yet  a  wide  gap  between  it  and  the  right  of 
Cutler's  brigade  of  the  Third  division.  At  the  moment  of 
Robinson's  arrival  he  noticed  the  advance  of  a  body  of  the 
enemy  towards  this  open  space,  which,  if  unopposed,  would 
penetrate  to  the  left  and  rear  of  Baxter's  line.  Directing 
Baxter  to  change  front  to  meet  this  pressing  emergency,  Robin 
son  sent  back  for  Paul's  brigade,  and,  upon  its  arrival,  placed 
it  to  oppose  the  enemy,  which  he  now  saw  about  to  form  on 
Oak  Hill,  at  the  north  end  of  Seminary  Ridge,  and  less  than 
a  quarter  of  a  mile  distant  from  the  Pike. 

Baxter  had   hardly  time  to  form   his    new  line,  facinor  west, 

_ « 

with  the  Ninetieth  Pennsylvania  on  the  right,  and  across  the 
Pike,  its  right  refused  to  face  the  enemy  on  Oak  Hill,  from 
which  point  O'Neill's  brigade  of  Rode's  division,  Ewell's 
corps,  was  then  advancing.  The  NINTH  was  on  the  right  cen 
ter  of  the  brigade  line.  Fortunately  for  the  command,  a  stone 
fence  in  front  afforded  some  protection,  and  behind  this  the 
men  awaited  the  advance  of  Iverson's  brigade — also  of  Ewell's 

*_J 

corps.  The  stone  wall  along  the  Pike  protected  the  line  some 
what  from  an  enfilading  fire  from  O'Neill's  command,  but  that 
danger  was  soon  averted  by  the  arrival  of  Paul's  brigade, 
which  also  relieved  the  Ninetieth  Pennsylvania  from  the 
double  duty  of  guarding  its  right  and  rear  at  the  same  time. 
Iverson's  brigade  was  allowed  to  approach  within  close  musket 
range.  The  men  seemed  unaware  of  Baxter's  line  behind  the 
stone  wall,  until  the  order  was  given,  "  Up  men,  and  fire!" 

Rarely  has  such  a  destructive  volley  been  fired  on  any  field 
of  battle.  General  Doubleday  says  that  this  well  aimed, 
deliberate  volley,  left  over  five  hundred  dead  and  wounded 
upon  the  field,  and  so  demoralized  the  others  that  they  gave 
themselves  up  as  prisoners.  The  volley  certainly  strewed  the 
field  with  dead  and  wounded,  but  it  was  the  charge  immedi- 


1863  BAXTERS    BRIGADE    ENGAGED.  271 

ately  ordered  by  General  Baxter,  that  produced  the  greatest 
demoralization,  and  caused  the  surrender  of  most  of  the  pris 
oners.  As  soon  as  the  enemy  received  the  volley  of  musketry 
they  fell  back  to  the  cover  of  a  ravine,  or  clitch,  a  short  dis 
tance  to  the  rea",  and  it  was  there  that  Baxter's  men  found 
them  huddled  up  in  great  confusion  ;  they  all  surrendered,  but 
during  the  excitement  the  remnants  of  one  regiment  slipped 
away,  under  cover  of  the  bushes.  Nearly  two  hundred  men, 
and  three  battle  flags  were  brought  in. 

Of  this  movement,  General  Baxter  says  in  his  report  : 

*  *  *  The  brigade  opened  on  the  advancing  foe  a  most  deadly  fire,  soon  causing 
them  to  recoil  and  give  \vay.  Another  line  immediately  took  the  place  of  that  repulsed, 
and  this  time  they  appeared  on  our  right  flank,  making  it  necessary  for  the  Ninetieth 
Pennsylvania,  Colonel  I-.yle,  to  change  front  to  meet  them,  which  they  did  in  perfect 
order,  receiving,  meanwhile,  a  severe  fire.  Again  the  lines  were  repulsed  and  again 
reenforced.  The  Ninety-seventh  New  York,  Colonel  Wheelock  ;  Eighty-third  New 
York,  Lieutenant-Colonel  Moesch  ;  and  Eighty-eighth  Pennsylvania,  Major  Foust  ; 
made  a  charge,  capturing  many  prisoners  ;  the  Eighty-eighth  Pennsylvania  taking  two 
battle  flags,  and  the  Ninety-seventh  New  York  one  from  the  enemy.  The  Twelfth 
-Massachusetts  had  a  galling  fire  on  the  flank  of  this  brigade  at  this  time,  which,  I 
think,  had  a  great  influence  on  its  surrender.  We  were  relieved  by  the  First  brigade  of 
the  Second  division,  having  been  engaged  over  two  hours,  having  suffered  severely 
and  expended  our  ammunition. 

As  the  brigade  was  making  its  way  back  to  the  stone  wall 
with  the  prisoners,  Ramseur's  brigade  was  hurrying  to  the 
support  of  Iversn.Vs,  and  a  part  of  Baxter's  men  were  obliged 
to  about  face  and  repell  the  new  assault.  Ammunition  was 
getting  scarce,  and  just  as  the  men  of  the  NINTH  had  ex 
hausted  theirs,  Paul's  brigade  came  to  their  relief.  Cartridges, 
found  in  the  bo  ;es  of  the  dead  and  wounded,  supplied  the 
NINTH  with  a  few  rounds,  and  the  regiment  was  soon  in  con 
dition  to  continue  the  battle.  The  brigade  was  now  ordered 
to  the  support  of  Stewart's  battery. 

It  must  be  borne  in  mind  that  when  the  First  corps 
entered  the  field  it  mustered  not  more  than  eight  thousand 
men.  For  hours  this  small  force  had  been  contending  with, 
and  holding  at  b.iy  over  thirty  thousand  of  the  enemy,  and  as 
the  Confederates  crowded  upon  the  flanks  of  each  brigade — 
there  were  not  men  enough  to  form  a  continuous  line  and 


2/2  THE    NINTH    NEW    YORK.  July 

cover  all  the  front  of  the  enemy — General  Doubleday  saw 
that  unless  speedily  reenforced,  he  would  be  compelled  to 
retire.  As  the  moments  passed  and  no  help  arrived,  he  began 
to  be  anxious  about  the  safety  of  his  artillery,  many  of  the 
horses  having  been  killed  and  not  enough  left  to  haul  off  the 
pieces.  Repeated  requests  to  Howard  brought  no  relief, 
while  the  men  were  being  sacrificed.  Out  of  two  thousand 
five  hundred  men,  the  First  division  had  lost  sixteen  hundred 
and  sixty-seven. 

About  four  o'clock  the  troops  of  the  Eleventh  corps  gave 
way,  and  this  necessitated  the  falling  back  of  the  First. 

General  Doubleday  says  : 

What  was  left  of  the  First  corps,  after  all  this  slaughter,  rallied  on  Seminary  Ridge. 
Many  of  the  men  entered  a  semi-circle  rail  intrenchment,  which  I  had  caused  to  be 
thrown  up  early  in  the  day,  and  held  that  for  a  time  by  lying  down  and  firing  over  the 
pile  of  rails.  The  enemy  were  now  closing  in  on  us  from  the  south,  west  and  north, 
and  still  no  orders  came  for  us  to  retreat.  *  *  *  Although  the  Confederates  advanced 
in  such  force,  our  men  still  made  strong  resistance  around  the  Seminary,  and  by  the 
aid  of  our  artillery,  which  was  most  effective,  beat  back  and  almost  destroyed  the 
first  line  of  Scales'  brigade,  (Fender's  division  of  Hill's  corps)  wounding  both  Scales 
and  Fender.  The  former  states  that  he  arrived  within  seventy-five  feet  of  the  guns, 
and  adds :  "  Here  the  fire  was  most  severe.  Every  field  officer  but  one  was  killed 
or  wounded.  The  brigade  halted  in  some  confusion  to  return  this  fire."  *  *  *  Rob 
inson  was  forced  back  toward  the  Seminary,  but  halted,  notwithstanding  the  pressure 
upon  him,  and  formed  line  to  save  Stewart's  Fourth  U.  S.  battery,  north  of  the  rail 
road  cut,  which  had  remained  too  long,  and  was  in  danger  of  being  captured.  *  *  * 
As  the  enemy  was  closing  in  upon  us,  and  crashes  of  musketry  came  from  our  right 
and  left,  I  had  little  hope  of  saving  my  guns,  but  I  threw  my  headquarters'  guard,  under 
Captain  Glenn,  of  the  One  Hundred  and  Forty-ninth  Pennsylvania,  into  the  Seminary 
and  kept  the  right  of  Scales'  brigade  back  twenty  minutes  longer,  while  their  left  was 
held  by  Baxter's  brigade  of  Robinson's  division,  enabling  the  few  remaining  troops, 
ambulances,  and  artillery  to  retreat  in  comparative  safety.  Buford's  cavalry  also 
assisted  materially  in  stemming  the  enemy's  advance. 

Cemetery  Hill  was  the  rallying  point  for  the  infantry  and 
artillery,  and  to  this  point  the  Eleventh  corps  and  the  rem 
nants  of  the  First  made  their  way.  There  was  more  or  less 
confusion  during  the  retreat  through  the  town,  and  large  num 
bers  of  the  Union  troops  were  captured.  Among  the  prison 
ers  were  many  from  the  NINTH  who  were  overtaken  by  the 
pursuing  enemy.  There  had  been  but  the  mere  skeleton  of  a 


1863  BATTLE    GROUND    OF    THE    SECOND    AND    THIRD.  273 

regiment  taken  into  action,  and  when  the  regiment  arrived  on 
Cemetery  Hill  and  a  roll  call  was  had,  it  was  found  that  eighty- 
two  failed  to  respond  to  their  names.  How  many  of  these 
were  killed  or  wounded  it  was  then  impossible  to  tell.  Details 
of  losses  are  given  at  the  end  of  this  chapter. 

When  Cemetery  Hill  was  reached  it  was  learned  that  Gen 
eral  Hancock  was  there,  in  command  of  the  field,  and  that  the 
necessary  preparations  had  been  made  to  hold  that  position 
until  the  rest  of  the  army  should  arrive.  Upon  Cemetery 
Ridge  it  had  been  decided  to  mass  the  troops  and  continue  the 
great  battle  of  the  campaign.  The  ridge,  beginning  at  the 
point  called  Cemetery  Hill,  runs  south  from  the  town,  and 
parallel  with  Seminary  Ridge.  For  about  a  mile  it  is  quite 
clearly  defined,  then  the  ground  slopes  down  nearly  to  the 
level  of  the  plain,  but  soon  rises  again  and  forms  the  elevation 
of  Little  Round  Top,  the  summit  of  which  is  a  little  over  two 
miles  distant  from  Cemetery  Hill.  A  little  less  than  half  a 
mile  south  of  Little  Round  Top  is  a  higher  elevation,  called 
Round  Top.  Standing  on  Cemetery  Hill,  and  facing  the 
town,  the  ridge  breaks  sharp  to  the  east  and  south,  and  about 
a  mile  distant  is  Gulp's  Hill,  at  the  eastern  base  of  which  runs 
Rock  Creek,  the  general  course  of  which  is  south.  South  of 
Gulp's  Hill  is  a  less  elevated  point  called  Steven's  Hill,  whose 
southern  slope  is  drained  by  a  small  brook  emptying  into  Rock 
Creek  at  Spangler's  Spring.  The  crest  of  the  ridge  thus  de 
scribed  has  been  likened  in  form  to  a  fish  hook — Cemetery 
Ridge  forming  the  shaft,  Cemetery  Hill  the  bend,  and  Gulp's 
Hill  and  Steven's  Hill  the  barbed  end. 

The  Eleventh  corps  had  been  posted  on  Cemetery  Hill 
and  Gulp's  Hill,  and  as  the  First  corps  arrived,  Wadsworth's 
division  was  sent  as  a  support  to  Gulp's  Hill,  and  Robinson's 
to  a  point  on  Cemetery  Ridge  near  Ziegler's  Grove.  At  about 
five  o'clock  Baxter's  brigade,  now  reduced  to  about  six  hun 
dred,  was  placed  near  to  and  parallel  with  the  Emmetsburg 
road,  and  the  men  lost  no  time  in  throwing  up  temporary 
"breastworks.  The  Third  division — again  under  command  of 
Doubleday,  General  John  Newton  having  been  assigned  to  the 


274  THE    NINTH    NEW    YORK.  July 

command  of  the  corps — occupied  the  Cemetery.  By  six  o'clock 
the  Twelfth  corps  was  up,  and  nearly  all  the  Third,  and  Gen 
eral  Siocum,  now  in  command  of  the  field — Hancock  having 
gone  back  to  report  to  General  Meade — felt  that  the  position 
was  secure.  Stannard's  Vermont  brigade,  composed  of  new 
troops,  joined  the  First  corps  late  in  the  afternoon,  and  was 
assigned  to  Doubleday's  division. 

Daylight  of  the  2nd  revealed  the  enemy  occupying  Semi 
nary  Ridge — the  town — and  with  their  left  Hank  extended  to  a 
point  opposite  Gulp's  Hill.  General  Meade  had  arrived  dur 
ing  the  night.  The  Second  corps  began  to  put  in  an  appear 
ance  shortly  after  sunrise.  The  Fifth  and  Sixth  corps  were 
yet  some  distance  away,  but  marching  rapidly  towards  the  bat 
tle-field.  About  ten  o'clock  Robinson's  division  was  relieved 
by  the  Second  division — General  Gibbon — of  the  Second 
corps,  Webb's  brigade  taking  the  place  of  Baxter's.  The  bri 
gade  only  retired  a  short  distance  to  the  rear  of  the  line,  where 
the  men  were  enabled  to  boil  a  cup  of  coffee. 

When  Meade  had  completed  his  inspection  of  the  ground, 
his  first  thought  was  to  attack  the  Confederate  left,  which  had 
been  prolonged  till  it  enveloped  the  eastern  base  of  Gulp's 
Hill,  but,  upon  the  advice  of  Generals  Siocum  and  Warren,  the 
latter  of  whom  was  the  Chief  Engineer  of  the  army,  he  aban 
doned  that  plan  and  ordered  an  attack  on  Lee's  right.  We 
cannot  here  enter  into  the  details  of  the  heroic  fight  made  by 
the  Third  corps  under  Sickles,  supported  by  other  portions  of 
the  army,  at  the  Peach  Orchard,  Wheat  Field,  and  Devil's 
Den  ;  nor  of  the  defense  of  the  Round  Tops  ;  or  of  the  bat 
tle  fought  by  the  Eleventh  and  Twelfth  corps  at  Cemetery 
Hill  and  Gulp's  Hill. 

Shortly  after  daylight  the  enemy  opened  with  artillery,  but 
there  was  little  infantry  firing  until  the  Twelfth  corps  advanced 
to  drive  Johnson's  division  from  their  lines.  To  assist  the  move 
ment  Baxter's  brigade,  with  others,  was  sent,  at  about  ten 
o'clock,  to  the  support  of  the  Twelfth  corps.  By  noon  the 
ground  had  been  regained  and  at  one  in  the  afternoon  the 


1863  THE    BATTLES    OF    THE    SECOND.  275 

division  was  sent  over  to  the  support  of  the  batteries  on  the 
right  of  Cemetery  Hill. 

At  four  o'clock  in  the  afternoon  Baxter's  brigade  was 
ordered  a  short  distance  to  the  right  in  support  of  a 
battery  of  the  Eleventh  corps,  and  while  in  that  position 
was  subjected  to  a  heavy  artillery  fire  and  the  bullets 
of  the  enemy's  sharpshooters.  Remaining  there  until  six 
o'clock,  the  brigade  was  then  hurried  off  to  the  left  to  support 
one  of  the  divisions  of  the  Third  corps,  then  sorely  pressed. 
While  moving  into  position  a  few  men  were  killed  and 
wounded  by  the  enemy's  artillery  fire.  Throwing  out  a  line 
of  skirmishers  the  brigade  advanced  a  short  distance,  but  the 
enemy  had  fallen  back  at  that  point.  It  was  now  dusk  and 
the  brigade  was  recalled  and  sent  back  to  the  support  of  a 
portion  of  the  line  held  by  the  Eleventh  corps,  and  near  the 
position  occupied  while  in  support  of  the  battery  in  the  after 
noon.  Here  it  remained  for  the  night. 

At  the  close  of  the  day  the  Union  troops — with  the  excep 
tion  of  those  at  the  Round  Tops — had  been  driven  from  the 
advanced  positions  taken  early  in  the  day,  but  their  line,  not 
withstanding  the  terrible  losses  sustained,  was  stronger  and 
more  compact  when  night  ended  the  carnage.  Johnson's  divis 
ion  of  E well's  corps  had  made  the  most  serious  breach  in  the 
defensive  line,  having  crossed  Rock  Creek  and  penetrated  the 
works  of  the  Twelfth  corps.  The  weather,  during  the  early 
part  of  the  clay,  had  been  cloudy,  with  light  showers,  but  later 
it  was  clear  and  warm. 

Lee  had  made  two  attempts  to  pierce  the  Union  line  —  on 
the  right  and  on  the  left — and  had  failed  in  both  ;  but  he 
determined  to  make  one  more  effort,  and  decided  to  attack  the 
center.  He  could  hardly  afford,  after  having  entered  upon  a 
campaign  of  invasion,  to  retreat  without  fighting  a  decisive 
battle.  All  his  troops,  except  Pickett's  division  of  Longstreet's 
corps,  had  been  engaged  during  the  battles  of  the  ist  and  2nd, 
and  to  Pickett — with  his  three  brigades  of  Virginians,  under 
Generals  Garnett,  Armistead  and  Ke/nper — was  assigned  the 


276  THE    NINTH    NEW    YORK.  July 

advance.  This  column  was  to  be  strongly  supported  on  both 
flanks  by  other  divisions. 

General  Hancock  had  been  entrusted  with  the  command  of 
the  Union  center,  defended  by  the  Eleventh,  Second,  First  and 
Third  corps,  in  the  order  named,  from  the  right.  During  the 
forenoon  the  enemy  had  been  making  the  necessary  prepara 
tions  for  the  assault. 

About  daylight  of  the  3rd  the  NINTH  moved  with  the  bri 
gade  to  the  same  position  occupied  the  previous  afternoon  in 
support  of  a  battery  of  the  Eleventh  corps 

An  opportunity  is  now  given  to  know  what  took  place  at 
that  time  behind  the  Confederate  line,  and  from  their  stand 
point  to  witness  the  supreme  effort. 

Colonel  Owen,  in  T/ie  Washington  Artillery,  says  : 

At  one-thirty  P.  M.  this  note  was  brought  by  a  courier  to  Colonel  Waaon,  as  we 
were  sitting  on  our  horses  in  a  grove  of  oaks  on  the  Emmetsburg  Pike,  opposite  the 
Peach  Orchard. 

HEADQUARTERS,  July  3,  1863. 

COLONEL: — Let  the  batteries  open  ;  order  great  care  and  precision  in  firing.  If 
the  batteries  at  the  Peach  Orchard  cannot  be  used  against  the  point  we  intend  attack 
ing,  let  them  open  on  the  Rocky  Hill. 

Most  respectfully, 

J.  LONGSTREET, 
To  Col.  WALTON,  Chief  of  Artillery :  Lieut. -Gen.  Commanding. 

Instantly  orders  were  given  to  Major  Eshleman  (commanding  the  Washington 
Artillery)  to  fire  the  signal  guns,  which  was  done  ;  and  then  began  the  most  furious 
cannonade  the  world  ever  saw.  The  one  hundred  and  thirty-seven  Confederate  guns 
were  belching  fire  upon  the  enemy's  lines,  who  replied  with  eighty  guns  more.  Our 
batteries  fired  nearly  two  hours,  when  the  enemy's  guns  suddenly  slackened  their  fire, 
until  they  hardly  returned  shot  for  shot. 

Soon  all  was  still  as  death  itself.  It  was  but  the  calm  before  the  storm.  Pickett's 
division,  heroes  of  many  battles,  had  been  lying  down  during  the  cannonade.  They 
now  arose  and  dressed  their  lines,  the  men  fully  comprehending  the  serious  work  be 
fore  them.  Many  were  heard  bidding  good-by  to  comrades  a  few  files  fiom  them. 

Upon  a  signal  from  Colonel  Alexander,  who  had  been  observing  the  effect  of  the 
artillery  fire  upon  the  enemy,  under  the  direction  of  General  Longstreet,  the  whole 
line  moved  forward  out  of  the  woods  in  common  time.  They  had  nearly  a  mile  of  open, 
plain  to  cross  in  full  sight  of  the  enemy,  and  in  range  of  his  artillery,  which  had 
opened  again,  and  to  ascend  the  Cemetery  Hill  and  attack  the  works  thereon. 

Steadily  they  moved  forward.  McDonald's  charge  at  Wagram  was  eclipsed.  The 
enemy  were  in  their  ranks,  and,  from  behind  stone  fences,  poured  a  storm  of  lead 
into  them.  Men  fell  by  scores.  Still  on  they  pressed  without  faltering.  Heth's 
division,  commanded  by  General  Pettigrew,  now  emerged  from  the  woods  in  echelon* 


1 863  CONFEDERATE   ACCOUNTS.  277 

going  to  Pickett's  support  They  went  in  steadily  at  first  for  the  purpose,  but  soon 
were  shaken  by  the  storm  of  shot  and  shell  that  met  them.  Presently  a  small  column 
of  the  enemy  emerged  from  the  woods  and  began  to  form  on  their  flank.  The  men 
saw  it,  wavered,  stopped,  and  then  fell  back  in  a  panic,  getting  terribly  punished  as 
they  did  so.  In  vain  were  all  efforts  to  stop  them.  Longstreet,  who  had  seen  the 
threatening  move,  sent  Latrobe  to  warn  General  Pettigrew,  but  the  rout  had  com 
menced  before  he  could  meet  him.  His  horse  was  shot  under  him  as  he  rode  across 
the  plain.  Pickett,  whose  men  were  now  well  in,  and  in  the  flush  of  victory  they 
deserved,  galloped  down  and  implored  the  men  to  rally.  Many  other  officers  did  the 
same ;  but  it  was  all  in  vain.  It  was  a  panic  such  as  will  at  times  strike  the  best  and 
bravest  troops,  and  no  efforts  could  induce  them  to  form  anew  while  under  the  terrific 
storm  of  fire.  The  division  lost  frightfully,  but  the  worst  effect  was  that  Pickett's  men, 
who  had  behaved  so  gloriously,  were  now  left  to  fight  alone  against  overwhelming 
odds. 

Colonel  Walter  Harrison,  of  Pickett's  staff,  in  his  interest 
ing  volume,  Pickett's  Men,  in  describing  the  scene  at  its  cul 
mination,  says  : 

The  enemy  again  opened  fresh  batteries,  at  short  range,  which  had  been  reserved 
for  this  moment,  and  their  infantry,  from  behind  their  sheltered  position,  poured  a 
destructive  fire  of  musketry  right  into  the  faces  of  the  men  as  they  rushed  up  their 
breastworks.  *  *  * 

Like  a  narrow  wedge,  driven  into  a  solid  column  of  oak,  they  soon  broke  through 
the  outer  barrier  of  resistance,  crushed  in  an  inner  rind  of  defence,  and  penetrated 
even  to  the  heart.  They  touched  the  vital  point ;  they  made  the  life  blood  flow.  They 
stretched  out  a  hand  to  grasp  a  victory  at  that  moment  ;  but  alas  !  the  blood-red  hand 
was  not  sufficiently  strong.  It  was  fierce  to  seize,  but  too  feeble  to  retain.  The  nerve 
and  spirit  to  strike  was  there  ;  but  the  force  to  hold  was  impotent. 

While  the  Confederates  were  hurling  the  bolts  of  death 
from  nearly  one  hundred  and  fifty  guns,  room  could  be  found 
for  but  eighty  pieces  on  Cemetery  Ridge,  but  these  eighty 
replied  with  good  effect,  until  the  ammunition,  running  low, 
General  Henry  J.  Hunt,  the  Chief  of  Artillery,  ordered  the 
firing  to  cease,  well  knowing  that  he  would  have  need  of  the 
remaining  cartridges  to  fire  grape  and  canister  at  the  enemy's 
infantry  when  they  should  advance.  The  fire  of  so  many 
pieces  of  artillery  had  cleared  Cemetery  Ridge  of  all  save  the 
men  who  lay  in  their  ranks,  behind  stone  walls,  and  such  rude 
defences  as  they  had  hastily  constructed.  The  artillery  suf 
fered  severely,  some  of  the  batteries  having  to  be  replaced 
after  the  cannonade  ceased.  Caissons  were  blown  up,  and 
horses  killed  by  the  score.  The  infantry  suffered  but  little, 


2/8  THE    NINTH    NK\V    YORK.  July 

and  were  not  in  the  least  demoralized  by  the  terrible  storm  of 
shot  and  shell  that  fell  all  about  them. 

During  this  time  Baxter's  brigade  was  subjected  to  the 
storm  of  the  battle,  and  many  were  the  grim  jokes  uttered 
during  its  continuance.  As  boys  in  the  dark  sometimes  whis 
tle  to  keep  their  courage  up,  soldiers,  when  under  fire  and  una 
ble  to  reply  in  kind,  manage  to  comfort  and  cheer  each  other 
in  passing  remarks  upon  the  enemy's  marksmanship. 

When  the  artillery  ceased  firing,  the  men  in  the  ranks 
coolly  and  quietly  completed  their  preparations  to  meet  the 
onset  of  the  Confederate  infantry.  Extra  cartridges  had  been 
provided,  and  many  of  the  men  laid  out  little  piles  of  them  in 
convenient  places.  There  was  no  excitement ;  but  a  "rim 

*•  ^> 

determination  to  hold  their  ground  or  die  at  their  post.  It 
was  not  known  upon  what  point  of  the  line  the  bolt  would 
fall — perhaps  it  would  be  a  grand  advance  of  the  enemy's 
whole  line  !  But  all  doubt  was  soon  set  aside.  From  over 
the  ridge  at  the  Emmetsburg  road  came  a  division,  apparently 
of  three  brigades,  of  five  regiments  each,  and  advanced 
steadily  in  column  of  brigade  front.  When  this  leading  col 
umn  had  got  well  into  the  plain,  the  supporting  divisions — 
one  on  each  flank — were  noticed  following.  From  ten  to 
fifteen  thousand  men  were  moving  towards  the  Union  line, 
threatening  to  strike  it  like  a  wedge,  and  with  force  enough  to 
break  through  all  obstacles  ! 

General  Hunt,  meanwhile,  had  placed  fresh  batteries  along 
the  line,  with  full  limber-chests  and  caissons,  and  the  Union 
troops  waited  with  confidence  the  issue  of  the  conflict. 

As  the  Second  and  Third  divisions  of  the  Second,  and  the 
Third  division  of  the  First  corps,  were  destined  to  receive  and 
repulse  the  attack,  let  us  see  how  their  ranks  were  formed  : 
On  the  right,  and  resting  on  the  Emmetsburg  road,  in  front 
of  Ziegler's  Grove,  was  Hay's  Third  division  of  the  Second 
corps,  Colonel  Smyth's  brigade  on  the  left  of  the  division,  its 
left  (Fourteenth  Connecticut)  joining — except  for  an  interval, 
occupied  in  rear  of  the  line  of  infantry  by  Arnold's  battery — 
the  right  of  the  Second  division.  The  Second  division  was 


1863  BATTLE    OF    THE    THIRD.  279 

under  the  command  of  General  Harrow — Gibbon,  its  permanent 
commander— pbeing  temporarily  in  command  of  the  corps. 
General  Alexander  Webb's  command,  the  Sixty-ninth,  Seventy- 
first,  Seventy-second,  and  One  Hundred  and  Sixth  Pennsyl 
vania,  was  Harrow's  right  brigade  ;  then  came  Colonel  Hall's 
brigade,  and  next  Morrow's  brigade,  under  Colonel  Heath. 

On  Heath's  left  was  the  Third  division  of  the  First  corps, 
under  General  Doubleday.  The  First  division  of  the  Second 
corps  was  on  Doubleday's  left.  Woodruff's,  Arnold's,  Cush 
ing's,  Cowan's  and  Rorty's  batteries  were  posted  along  Hay's 
and  Harrow's  front.  Hay's  division  and  Webb's  brigade  were 
behind  a  low  stone  wall.  Cushing's  pieces  were  in  rear  of 
Webb.  But  few  of  the  guns  of  the  batteries  named  had  any 
thing  but  grape  and  canister  to  use,  having  expended  their 
long-range  projectiles  during  the  cannonade. 

While  engaged  in  the  artillery  duel  the  guns  of  Cushing's 
battery — A,  Fourth  U.  S.  Artillery — were  posted  in  rear  of  the 
left  wing  of  the  Seventy-first  and  right  of  the  Sixty-ninth, 
who  occupied  the  front  line  behind  the  stone  wall.  The 
Seventy-second  Pennsylvania  was  in  rear  of  the  battery.  As 
the  Confederate  divisions  were  advancing  to  the  assault,  dish 
ing  ran  his  six  guns  down  to  the  stone  wall,  thereby  compel 
ling  the  left  wing  of  the  Seventy-first  and  right  of  the  Sixty- 
ninth  Pennsylvania  to  fall  back  behind  his  pieces.  The  muz 
zles  of  the  guns  now  pointed  over  and  beyond  the  stone  wall. 

When  the  enemy  came  within  grape  rani^e,  Cushing's  guns 
had  full  play,  and  the  men  of  the  two  regiments,  which  he  had 
displaced,  were  thankful  that  they  were  in  no  danger  from  the 
canister  cases,  which,  had  the  pieces  been  fired  from  their  rear, 
would  doubtless  have  injured  many,  as  would  also  the  flame 
and  grains  of  unburned  powder — so  close  were  they  to  the 
muzzles  of  the  guns  in  their  original  position.  The  artillery 
and  infantry,  to  the  right  and  left  of  Gibbon's  division,  also 
opened  upon  Pickett's  supports  ;  the  men  of  Hay's  division- 
Smyth's  brigade  especially — being  close  enough  to  pour  in  a 
destructive  fire. 

But   through   this   decimating  storm  the  assaulting  column 


280  THE    NINTH    NEW    YORK.  July 

pressed  on  up  the  gentle  slope,  the  point  of  the  wedge  aimed 
at  Webb's  brigade  of  Pennsylvanians.  As  the  enemy  comes 
within  two  hundred  yards  the  infantry  pour  their  volleys  of 
musketry  into  the  advancing  column.  Picketts'  right  support 
— Wilcox's  division — owing  to  some  blunder,  has  failed  to  con 
nect  properly  with  the  leading  troops,  and  a  wide  gap  opens 
between  them.  Into  this  gap  Stannard's  brigade  of  Ver- 
monters,  and  the  Twentieth  New  York  State  militia  (8oth 
vols.)  and  One  Hundred  and  Fifty-first  Pennsylvania  (under 
command  of  Colonel  Theodore  B.  Gates  of  the  Twentieth)  of 
Doubleday's  division,  are  pushed  out  to  the  front  and  perpen 
dicular  to  the  Union  line,  and  fire  into  Picketts'  right  flank, 

o 

thereby  forcing  his  men  to  crowd  towards  the  left  and  center 
of  the  advancing  column,  and  producing  more  or  less  confu 
sion  in  their  ranks.  Colonel  Gates  follows  up  the  stricken 
flank  and  continues  to  make  it  interesting-  for  the  enemv, 

O  s    ' 

while  General  Stannard  turned  his  attention  to  Wilcox. 
Some  accounts  say — in  fact  General  Stannard  himself  so 
described  the  movement — that  he  counter-marched  two  regi 
ments  of  his  brigade  by  the  left,  and  brought  the  lines  to  face 
the  left  flank  of  Wilcox  who,  by  this  time,  had  begun  to  fire 
at  Caldwell's  First  division  of  the  Second  corps,  which  occu 
pied  a  position  on  Doubleday's  left.  This  bold  movement 
was  entirely  successful  ;  the  Vermonters  poured  such  a 
destructive  fire  into  the  unprotected  flank  of  the  enemy  that 
Wilcox  was  compelled  to  retreat  in  confusion. 

The  head  of  Pickett's  division,  had,  by  this  time,  become 
much  shattered  by  the  destructive  fire  of  artillery  and 
infantry,  and  General  Armistead — commanding  the  rear  bri 
gade  when  the  division  first  started — had  surged  to  the  front ; 
a  crowd  follows  him,  straight  for  Webb's  front  and  Cushing's 

O  O 

guns ;  he  reaches  the  stone  wall  ;  Cushing's  gunners,  now 
behind  and  between  their  guns,  are  using  handspikes,  sabres 
and  sponge-staffs,  while  the  men  of  the  Sixty-ninth  and  Seven 
ty-first  Pennsylvania  are  mixed  up  with  the  artillerists  in  a 
hand-to-hand  fight  with  the  enemy,  whose  colors  crown  the 
stone  wall.  Webb  hurriedly  re-formed  the  men  of  these  two- 


1863  PICKETTs'    CHARGE.  28 1 

regiments,  who  have  fallen  further  back  up  the  slope,  and,  with 
the  Seventy-second  Pennsylvania,  who  had  been  posted  in 
rear  of  the  front  line,  moves  forward  to  repulse  the  attack. 
At  the  same  time,  two  regiments  of  Hall's  brigade — the  Nine 
teenth  Massachusetts — Colonel  Devereaux — and  the  Forty- 
second  (Tammany)  New  York— Colonel  Mallon — under  com 
mand  of  the  former,  and  who  had  been  in  the  rear  of  the 
other  two  regiments  of  the  brigade,  move  forward  through  and 
to  the  right  of  the  "copse  of  trees,"  and  add  their  fire  in  aid  of 
Webb.  Armistead  had  fallen  just  as  he  reached  the  stone  wall, 
and  in  front  of  the  muzzle  of  No.  3  gun  of  Cushing's  battery. 
His  brave  followers  also  crowd  up  to  the  wall,  and  across  this 
line  Union  and  Confederate  fight  desperately  for  the  mastery. 
It  is  the  supreme  moment!  Who  shall  yield?  Victory  to 
those  who  shall  move  forward  !  A  cheer — a  rush — and  the 
Boys  in  Blue  crowd  towards  the  stone  wall !  The  battle  is- 
won  ! 

Then  Pickett,  who  had  so  proudly  said  to  Longstreet:  "  I  shall  lead  my  division  for 
ward,  Sir  !  "  when  he  reached  the  ridge  his  men  had  so  gallantly  charged,  had  but  to  look, 
around  him  to  see  that  the  ground  could  not  be  held.  His  supports  all  gone,  his  men 
falling  around  him,  his  trusted  Generals,  Garnett,  Armistead,  and  Kemper,  and  all  the 
field  officers  dead,  or  wounded  unto  death,  his  men  fighting  over  the  guns  with 
clubbed  muskets  and  banner  staves,  the  enemy  in  front  and  on  each  flank,  and  crowd 
ing  upon  them  in  overwhelming  numbers,  he  threw  away  his  empty  pistol,  and,  with 
his  great  soldier  heart  almost  bursting,  gave  the  order  for  his  remaining  braves  to  fall 
back.  (Colonel  Owen  in  The  Washington  Artillery,  page  251.) 

A  great  diversity  of  opinion  still  exists  respecting  the  move 
ments  and  positions  of  the  opposing  forces  at  this  particular 
time — and  in  this  particular  part  of  the  line  of  battle.  It  has 
been  written  that  the  enemy,  led  by  Armistead,  who  sprang 
over  the  stone  wall  waving  his  cap  upon  the  point  of  his  swordr 
crowded  into  the  space  between  the  copse  of  trees  and  the 
angle  of  the  stone  wall,  and  reached  nearly  to  the  crest  of  the 
ridge.  It  has  also  been  written  that  just  before  the  enemy 
reached  the  stone  wall,  Cushing,  mortally  wounded,  and  with 
his  bowels  protruding,  was  working  one  of  his  ,guns  ;  and  that 
as  Pickett's  advance  came  close  to  the  stone  wall  Cushing  rant 


282  THE    NINTH    NEW    YORK.  July 

his  last  serviceable  gun  down  to  the  wall  and  called  out  to 
Webb  that  he  would  fire  one  shot  more,  and  as  the  piece  was 
discharged  said  "good-by"  and  fell  dead.  There  is  no  one  but 
admires  bravery — even  recklessness  is  condoned — -upon  the  bat 
tle  field,  but  when  old  soldiers  read  such  romantic  and  o-low- 

O 

ing  accounts  they  are  apt  to  turn  up  their  eyes,  shake  their 
heads  and  say — bosh  ! 

In  some  of  the  maps  representing  the  line  covered  by 
Webb's  brigade,  three  of  Cushing's  guns  are  shown  close  to  the 
stone  wall,  while  the  others  are  up  near  the  top  of  the  ridge  in 
front  of  the  Seventy-second  Pennsylvania.  Captain  Frederick 
Fu^er,  Fourth  U.  S.  Art.,  was  First  Sergeant  of  Cushino;'s  bat- 

o  o>  o 

tery  during  the  Dattle.  In  reply  to  a  letter  written  him  by  an 
artist  who  was  painting  the  death  of  Gushing,  and  which  letter 
the  artist  published  in  Scout  and  Mail,  in  December,  1885, 
Captain  Fuger  is  quoted  assaying: 

On  the  morning  of  July  3,  1863,  Battery  A  occupied  a  position  with  their  six  guns 
about  one  hundred  and  fifty  feet  from  the  stone  wall,  which  was  directly  in  front,  and 
we  kept  that  position  until  the  artillery  du^l  ceased  on  both  sides.  After  the  tiring 
ceased,  General  Webb  came  up  to  where  Gushing  stood  and  said  to  Gushing  :  "  It  is 
my  opinion  that  the  rebels  will  now  advance  their  infantry  and  attack  our  position  in 
force."  Gushing  replied  :  "  Then  I  had  better  run  my  guns  right  up  to  the  stone 
fence  and  bring  all  the  canister  alongside  of  each  piece,"  to  which  General  Webb  said  : 
"  Do  so."  The  command  was  immediately  given,  and  the  six  guns  were  run  by  hand 
to  the  stone  fence,  leaving  just  room  enough  between  the  wall  and  wheels  for  can- 
noniers  numbers  one  and  two  to  load  ;  limbers  and  caissons  did  not  move.  At  this 
time  Lieutenant  Gushing  was  not  wounded. 

Within  fifteen  or  twenty  minutes  after  we  had  our  guns  in  the  new  position  the 
rebel  infantry  were  seen  advancing.  The  Seventy-second  Pennsylvania  (Baxter's 
Zouaves)  were  directly  in  our  front  on  the  skirmish  line,*  and  were  obliged  to  fall  back 
as  the  enemy  advanced  in  force.  As  soon  as  our  battery  was  unmasked  by  the  Seventy- 
second,  and  the  enemy  were  within  four  hundred  yards  of  us,  we  commenced  firing 
single  charges  of  canister,  and  at  about  that  time  Lieutenant  Gushing  was  wounded  in 
the  right  shoulder  (General  Webb  says  the  right  shoulder  strap  was  shot  completely  off, 
yet  not  wounding  him).  When  the  enemy  came  within  two  hundred  yards  we  fired 
double  charges  of  canister  with  terrible  effect.  Gushing,  about  this  time,  was  again 
wounded,  in  the  scrotum,  but  still  he  stuck  to  his  post  and  would  not  leave  the  battery. 
All  this  time  I  was  right  alongside  of  Gushing,  and  imparted  his  orders  to  the  men. 

Still  the  enemy  advanced,  and  Gushing  ordered  the  men  to  triple  the  charges  in  the 
guns.  While  finishing  the  command  he  was  shot  through  the  mouth  and  instantly 
killed.  At  this  time  he  was  about  one  yard  from  the  trail  handspike,  and  to  the  right 

*  A  small  portion  only  of  the  Seventy-second  were  on  the  skirmish  line,  the  bulk 
of  the  regiment  was  in  rear  of  the  first  position  of  the  batter)'. — EDITOR. 


1863  CUSHING'S  BATTERY.  283 

of  it,  it  being  number  three  piece  of  the  battery.  I  stood  to  his  right,  about  two  feet 
from  him,  with  my  pistol  in  my  right  hand,  when  I  saw  the  Lieutenant  fall  forward.  I 
dropped  my  pistol  and  caught  him  round  the  body  with  both  arms.  I  saw  that  he  was 
dead,  and  ordered  Wright,  of  the  battery,  to  carry  Cushing's  body  to  the  rear.  Lieu 
tenant  Joseph  S.  Milne,  a  volunteer  officer  (First  R.  I.  batteiy)  detailed  July  2nd  to  fill 
Lieutenant  Canby's  place,  made  vacant  by  his  being  wounded,  and  who  had  command 
of  the  left  half  of  our  battery,  was  killed  just  a  moment  before  Gushing,  which  left  me 
in  command. 

The  insinuation  of  history  that  but  one  gun  was  run  clown  to  the  stone  wall  is 
wrong.  The  report  that  Lieutenant  Cushing's  bowels  were  shot  out  is  all  nonsense. 
Again,  Lieutenant  Gushing  never  fired  a  gun  ;  there  was  no  occasion  for  him  to  do  so. 
We  had  men  enough  left  to  do  that.  The  Lieutenant  had  enough  to  do  to  watch  the 
enemy  and  give  the  necessary  commands.  After  sending  Cushing's  body  to  the  rear 
I  fired  a  few  rounds  of  canister  ;  when  the  enemy  was  almost  on  the  top  of  us  I 
ceased  firing,  and  told  the  men  to  pitch  in  with  anything  they  had  in  their  hands, 
such  as  pistols,  sabres,  sponge-staves  and  handspikes,  which  I  am  glad  to  say  they  did 
in  good  style.  General  Webb's  brigade  was  now  right  with  us,  led  by  the  General  in 
person.  A  few  minutes  and  all  was  over,  the  rebels  retreating.  General  Armistead 
was  instantly  killed  right  in  front  of  the  muzzle  of  number  three  piece.  Understand 
there  was  a  stone  wall  between  that  gun  and  General  Armistead.  The  wall  was 
about  fourteen  inches  in  thickness,  and  the  muzzle  projected  over  it.  The  General  was 
dressed  in  a  gray  uniformed  coat,  buttoned  up,  and  wore  a  black  slouch  hat,  with  sabre 
in  his  right  hand. 

In  the  Magazine  of  American  History,  July,  1887,  Colonel 
Deveraux  describes  the  part  taken  by  the  two  regiments  under 
his  command.  We  quote  : 

We  see  that  Webb  (on  the  right)  cannot  firmly  hold  his  men  against  the  shock  of 
that  fierce  charge,  though  he  may  throw  himself  with  reckless  courage  in  front  to  face 
the  storm,  and  beg,  threaten,  and  command. 

Hall's  right,  overlapped,  has  to  sag  back  with  sullen  fury,  swaying  to  the  rear  from 
the  pressure,  but  swaying  forward  again  like  ocean  surges  against  a  rock.  This  creates 
disorder,  heightened  by  the  men  of  Harrow's  brigade  (on  the  left)  surging  also  in  that 
direction,  apparently  without  orders  or  concert,  but  guided  by  some  instinct  of  hurry 
ing  to  the  rescue.  Everything  was  in  confusion,  regimental  organization  was  lost, 
ranks  were  eight  or  ten  deep,  pushing,  swaying,  struggling,  refusing  to  yield,  but 
almost  impotent  for  good, 

A  great  gap  yawns  immediately  between  Webb  and  Hall. 

The  entire  .width  of  Oak  Grove,  and  for  some  distance  the  right,  is  stripped  of 
defence  on  our  line.  Every  gun  on  our  front  there  is  silenced.  Woodruff,  Gushing, 
Brown,  Rorty,  and  every  other  commissioned  officer,  almost  without  exception,  of  the 
respective  batteries,  is  dead  or  disabled,  and  Gibbon  badly  wounded. 

Was  this  devoted  Second  corps,  whose  proud  boast  it  was  that  it  "  never  lost  a  gun 
or  a  color,"  to  succumb  at  last  ? 

"  Mallon,  we  must  move."  Just  then  a  headlong  rush  of  horses  feet,  spurred  to  the 
utmost  came  up  the  hollow  behind  from  the  direction  of  the  Baltimore  pike.  I  turned. 
There,  looking  the  very  embodiment  of  the  god  of  war,  rode  Hancock  the  "  Superb." 

I  shouted  as  he    nearly  trampled  on  my  men,  still  lying  down  and  as  yet  unseen  by 


284  THE    NINTH    NEW    YORK.  July 

him.     He  threw  his  horse  upon  its  haunches.     "  See,"  I  cried,  "  their  colors  ;  they  have 
broken  through.     Let  me  get  in  there." 

His  characteristic  answer  fitted  time  and  place,  and  he  shot  like  an  arrow  past  my 
left  towards  Hall's  struggling  lines,  receiving  in  a  few  seconds,  the  wound  that  swept 
him  from  his  saddle  and  so  nearly  cost  him  his  life. 

Meanwhile  Mallon,  springing  from  my  side,  was  instantly  with  his  men,  and  both 
regiments  on  the  double  quick  moved  side  by  side  to  fill  t  hat  fearful  gap.  The  two 
lines  came  together  with  a  shock  which  stopped  both  and  caused  a  slight  rebound. 
For  several  minutes  they  faced  and  fired  into  each  other  at  a  distance  (which  I  care 
fully  measured  after  the  fight)  a  little  short  of  fifteen  paces.  Everything  seemed 
trembling  in  the  balance.  Whichever  side  could  get  a  motion  forward  must  surely 
win.  General  Alexander  S.  Webb  I  couldn't  see.  Just  then  I  felt  rather  than  saw 
Hall,  as  he  appeared  at  my  side.  "  We  are  steady  now,"  he  said.  "  Sure  ;  but  we 
must  move,"  I  replied. 

#*#*  #####* 

Mallon  had  by  this  time  warped  round  the  right  of  the  grove  a  little.  The  oppos 
ing  lines  were  standing  as  if  rooted,  dealing  death  into  each  other,  how  long  it  is 
impossible  to  say  with  exactness.  There  they  stood  and  wouldn't  move.  All  of  a 
sudden  a  strange,  resistless  impulse  seemed  to  urge  the  Union  arms.  I  can  compare 
it  only  to  a  Titan's  stride.  Our  lines  seemed  to  actually  leap  forward.  There  was  at 
once  an  indescribable  rush  of  thick,  hurrying  scenes.  I  held  the  blunted  apex  of  the 
re-entering  angle,  which  was  the  appearance  made  by  our  lines. 

A  yell !     A  shout 

My  line  seemed  to  open  as  if  by  magic.  It  was  not  a  Might,  however.  A  flood  of 
unarmed,  defenceless  men  poured  through.  They  almost  ran  over  me.  The  remnant 
of  Pickett's  gallant  men  abandon  that  nearly  invincible  charge,  and  Gettysburg  trans 
lated  reads,  A  Nation  Saved. 

Soon  after  the  great  artillery  duel  ceased  Baxter's  brigade 
was  sent  a  short  distance  to  the  left — still  on  Cemetery  Riclge  — 
but  had  hardly  formed  line  of  battle  before  it  was  ordered  still 
further  to  the  left,  where  it  took  position  upon  the  right  of  the 
Third  division — General  Hays — of  the  Second  corps.  Mean 
while  Pickett's  charge  had  been  repulsed  and  the  enemy  had 
again  opened  a  heavy  artillery  fire,  to  which  the  brigade  was 
subjected  during  this  last  movement.  The  enemy's  sharp 
shooters,  too,  sent  their  bullets  about  the  moving  column. 
When  line  had  been  formed  the  Twelfth  Massachusetts  and  a 
detachment  of  the  Ninetieth  Pennsylvania — preceded  by  skir 
mishers — moved  forward  and  drove  the  enemy's  sharpshooters 
and  skirmish  line  back.  The  brigade  remained  here  during 

o  o 

the  night. 

During  the  progress  of  the  main  battle  minor  engagements 
had  been  fought  at  other  points — mainly  attacks  by  the  enemy 


COLONEL    COULTER.  285 

to  prevent  reinforcements  being  sent  to  Cemetery  Ridge.  In 
these  contests  the  Union  troops  were  generally  victorious. 

It  was  expected  by  the  enemy,  and  by  the  Union  troops 
too,  that  Meade  would  order  a  counter  attack  as  soon  as  the 
Confederate  assault  had  failed,  but  no  orders  were  issued  to 
that  effect.  It  has  been  reported  that  Meade  expected 
another  attack,  and  simply  expressed  his  belief  that  the  Army 
of  the  Potomac  would  be  able  to  maintain  its  position. 

Major  A.  R.  Small,  then  Adjutant  of  the  Sixteenth  Maine, 
and  A.  A.  A.  G.  of  the  First  brigade  of  Robinson's  division, 

o 

relates,  in  his  regimental  history,  many  interesting  incidents 
connected  with  the  battle  General  Paul  had  been  severely 
wounded  on  the  ist,  and  Colonel  Coulter  of  the  Eleventh 
Pennsylvania  had  been  transferred,  with  his  regiment  to  the 
First  brigade,  and  the  Colonel  placed  in  command.  Major 
Small  says  respecting  the  battle  of  the  3d  : 

Colonel  Coulter  established  his  headquarters  in  an  A  tent,  pitched  by  his  orders  on 
the  brow  of  the  hill  at  the  left  of  the  Cemetery,  in  the  edge  of  a  grove.  *  *  *  During 
the  fusilade,  Colonel  Coulter,  who  had  been  tearing  up  and  clown  the  line  to  cool  his  im 
patience,  suddenly  exclaims  :  "  Where  in  hell  is  my  flag  .  Where  do  you  suppose 
that  cowardly  —  —  has  skedaddled  to  !  Adjutant,  you  hunt  him  up  and  bring  him 
to  the  front  before  the  color  is  missed."  Away  the  Adjutant  went,  but  returned  in 
season  to  see  the  Colonel  snake  him  out  from  behind  a  stone  wall,  where  he  had  lain 
down  with  the  flag  folded  up  to  avoid  attracting  attention.  Colonel  Coulter  shook  out 
the  folds,  placed  the  staff  in  the  poor  fellow's  hands,  and  double-quicked  him  towards 
the  front  line. 

Just  then  a  shell  exploded  in  a  low  wall,  killing  a  horse,  and  sending  a  blinding 
shower  of  gravel  and  dirt  broadcast.  Again  seizing  the  staff,  he  planted  the  end 
where  the  shell  had  burst,  and  said  :  "  There,  orderly,  hold  it  in  position,  and  if  I  can't 

get  you  killed  in  ten  minutes,  by  G !  I'll  post  you  right  up  among  the  batteries." 

Riding  away,  he  laughingly  remarked  :  "  The  poor  devil  don't  know  that  I  could'nt 
put  him  in  a  safer  place.  Two  shells  rarely  explode  in  the  same  spot,  and  if  he  obeys 
orders  he  will  be  safe,  and  I'll  know  where  my  headquarters  are."  He  dashed  reck 
lessly  down  the  line  to  return  in  a.  few  minutes  with  a  bullet  in  his  shoulder.  Looking 
pale,  I  asked  if  he  would  dismount.  "  No,  no,  not  now.  Who  in  hell  would  suppose 
a  sharpshooter  would  hit  a  crazy  bone  that  distance." 

At  seven  o'clock  the  little  handful  composing  the  NINTH 
regiment  was  sent  out  on  picket,  and  posted  on  ground  in 
front  of  the  ridge.  The  dead  and  wounded  were  still  lying 
where  they  had  fallen,  and  the  groans  and  cries  of  the  latter 


286  THE    NINTH    NEW    YORK.  July 

were  heard  through  the  entire  night.  Shortly  after  midnight 
the  men  of  the  NINTH  were  relieved  from  outpost  duty. 

During  the  night  relief  parties  went  over  the  field  bringing- 
in  many  of  the  wounded,  but  at  daylight  of  the  4th  the  enemy 
began  picket  firing  and  the  humane  labors  were  suspended. 
Light  showers  had  cooled  the  air  somewhat  and,  fortunately 
for  the  wounded  vet  remaining;  on  the  field,  the  morning"  was 

J  ^>  O 

cloudy. 

Yes,  the  Confederate  army  of  Northern  Virginia  was 
beaten,  and  at  the  same  moment  General  Grant  was  dictatine 

O 

the  terms  of  the  surrender  of  Vicksburg.  The  4th  of  luly, 
1863,  was  a  notable  day  in  the  history  of  the  country.  The 
high  tide  of  Rebellion  reached  no  further  than  Cemetery 
Riclge.  The  banks  of  the  Mississippi  and  the  hills  of  Penn 
sylvania  sent  each  other  greetings  upon  the  auspicious  occa 
sion.  The  boys  in  blue  felt  that  a  long  stride  had  been  taken 
in  the  suppression  of  the  Rebellion,  and  those  who  wore  the 
gray  must  have  realized,  that  ere  long,  they  would  be  com 
pelled  to  lay  down  their  arms  and  return  to  their  allegiance. 

During  the  entire  day  picket  firing  continued — now  in 
dulged  in  by  both  sides.  At  nine  in  the  evening  the  NINTH 
was  again  sent  out  on  picket,  and  remained  till  half-past  three 
the  next  afternoon — the  5th.  Shortly  after  being  relieved  it 
was  noticed  that  the  enemy's  pickets  were  being  withdrawn, 
and  it  was  soon  rumored  that  Lee's  army  was  marching  in 
retreat  towards  the  Potomac.  Without  following  that  defeated 
army  in  detail,  it  is  only  necessary  to  mention  that,  with  but 
little  molestation  from  General  Meade,  Lee  crossed  the  Poto 
mac  at  Williamsport  on  the.  night  of  the  i3th.  President  Lin 
coln  had  sent  urgent  and  repeated  orders  to  Meade  to  attack 
the  Confederates,  who  had  been  prevented  from  crossing 
earlier,  by  reason  of  the  high  water ;  but  when  Meade  got 
ready  the  enemy  had  made  good  his  escape.  How  like  Me- 
Clellan  at  Antietam  ! 

The  Compe-de-Paris  {History  of  the  Civil  War  in  Amer 
ica]  places  the  Union  loss  in  the  campaign  at  2,834  killed, 
13,709  wounded,  and  6,643  missing;  total,  23,186  ;  the  Confed- 


COLONEL   JOSEPH   A.    MOESCH. 


1863  THE    LOSSES.  287 

erates  at  2,665  killed,    12,599  wounded,   7,464  missing;  total, 
22,728. 

The  NINTH  took  into  action  a  total  of  less  than  two  hun 
dred  men.  The  officers  were:  Lieutenant-Colonel  Joseph 
A.  Moesch,  commanding;  Captain  Henry  V.  Williamson,  act 
ing  Major;  Henry  P.  Clare,  Adjutant;  Captains  Thomas  W. 
Quirk,  Company  A,  and  Frederick  Guyer,  Company  D  ;  Lieu 
tenants  Charles  A.  Clark,  Company  B  ;  Cyrus  C.  Hubbard, 
Company  C  ;  Henry  Ferret,  Company  D;  Lawrence  M.  Whit 
ney,  Company  E  ;  Jacob  Jacobs,  Company  F ;  Thomas  W. 
Thorne,  Company  G  ;  John  B.  Dolan  and  Henry  A.  Van  Felt, 
Company  H  ;  William  J.  Barnes,  Company  I  ;  and  John  M.  K. 
Connolly,  Company  L. 

During  the  last  two  days  of  the  battle  the  NINTH  suffered 
no  loss,  except  a  few  slightly  wounded,  of  which  no  account 
was  taken.  In  the  first  day's  battle  the  loss  was  7  killed 
or  died  of  wounds,  and  18  wounded.  Captain  Quirk 
and  Lieutenant  Clark  were  killed,  Lieutenants  Jacobs 
and  Whitney  wounded,  and  Lieutenant  Barnes  was  taken  pris 
oner.  The  latter  was  not  released  until  January  5th,  1865, 
long  after  the  regiment  had  been  mustered  out  of  the  service. 
Fifty-eight  men  were  made  prisoners  on  July  ist,  but  about 
thirty  escaped  from  their  captors  within  the  next  few  days. 

The  enlisted  men  killed  were  :  Privates  Dominick  Zim. 
merman,  Company  B ;  William  H.  Robbins,  Company  C  ; 
Patrick  Burns,  Company  H  ;  Francis  Westervelt,  Company  I  ; 
Sergeant  Henry  J.  Curry,  Company  L. 

From  Tregaskis'  compilation,  published  in  July,  1888,  we 
find  that  the  losses  in  killed,  wounded  and  missing,  in  the 
Union  Army  at  Gettysburg — excluding  the  cavalry — were  as 
follows : 

First  corps,  5,919;  Second  corps,  4,201;  Third  corps, 
4,104;  Fifth  corps,  2,144;  Sixth  corps,  230;  Eleventh  corps, 
3.732  ;  Twelfth  corps,  1,072. 

The  average  losses  by  brigades  are  shown  to  be :  First 
corps,  seven  brigades,  845  4-7  ;  Second  corps,  ten  brigades, 
420  i-io;  Third  corps,  six  brigades,  68d  •  Fifth  corps,  eight 


288  THE  NINTH  NEW  YORK.  July- 

brigades,  268;  Sixth  corps,  eight  brigades,  28^;  Eleventh 
corps,  six  brigades,  622;  Twelfth  corps,  six  brigades,  2/81. 
Robinson's  division  of  the  First  corps  lost  9  officers  killed, 
68  wounded  and  52  captured  or  missing;  81  enlisted  men  killed, 
545  wounded,  and  931  captured  or  missing;  a  total  of  1,685, 
and  yet,  when  General  Meade  made  his  official  report,  this  organ 
ization  was  not  mentioned.  This  omission  called  forth  the 
following  letter  from  General  Robinson  : 

HEADQUARTERS,  2ND  Div.  FIRST  ARMY  CORPS, 

November  15,  1863. 

GENERAL — I  feel  it  is  my  duty  to  inform  you  of  the  intense  mortification  and  dis 
appointment  felt  by  my  division  in  reading  your  report  of  the  battle  of  Gettysburg'. 
For  nearly  four  hours,  on  July  ist,  we  were  hotly  engaged  against  overwhelming  num 
bers,  repulsed  repeated  attacks  of  the  enemy,  captured  three  flags  and  a  very  large 
number  of  prisoners,  and  were  the  last  to  leave  the  field.  The  division  formed  the 
right  of  the  line  of  battle  of  the  First  corps,  and,  during  the  whole  time  had  to  fight 
the  enemy  in  front  and  protect  our  right  flank  (the  division  of  the  nth  corps  being  at 
no  time  less  than  half  a  mile  in  rear).  We  went  into  action  with  less  than  2,500  menr 
and  lost  considerably  more  than  half  our  number.  We  have  been  proud  of  our  efforts 
on  that  day,  and  hoped  that  they  would  be  recognized.  It  is  but  natural  we  should 
feel  disappointed,  that  we  are  not  once  referred  to  in  the  report  of  the  Commanding 
General. 

Trusting  you  will  investigate  this  matter  and  give  us  due  credit, 

I  am,  General,  very  respectfully,  your  obedient  servant, 
JOHN  C.   ROBINSON, 

Brig ,-Gen'l.  Comdg .  Division. 
Major-General  G.  G.  MEADE, 

Commanding  Army  of  the  Potomac. 


1863  A    STERN    CHASE.  289 


CHAPTER  XVI. 

AFTER  GETTYSBURG.— THE  MINE  RUN  CAMPAIGN. 

Retreat  of  the  Confederate  Army. — A  Weak  Pursuit. — Lee  Crosses  the  Potomac. — . 
The  NINTH  Enters  Virginia  Again. — Arrival  of  Drafted  Men  and  Substitutes. — 
Character  of  Many  of  these  Recruits. — Promotions  in  the  Regiment. — Advance 
Against  the  Enemy  Changed  to  a  Retreat. — Auburn  and  Bristoe. — Centreville. — 
Lieutenant-Colonel  Chalmers. — Meacle  Moves  to  Attack  Lee,  who  Declines 
Battle. — Army  of  the  Potomac  Retraces  its  Steps. — Battle  at  the  Rappahannock. 
— Brandy  Station. — Mine  Run. — Movements  of  the  NINTH. — The  Campaign  a 
Fizzle. — Back  Again  Across  the  Rappahannock. — Winter  Quarters. — Cedar 
Mountain. — A  Monument  to  General  Reynolds. 

7  T  was  on  the  5th  that  General  Sedgwick  started  after  the 
enemy  with  his  Sixth  corps,  and,  upon  reaching  Fairfield 
Pass,  eight  miles  southwest  from  Gettysburg,  found  Early,  in 
command  of  the  Confederate  rear  guard,  too  strongly  posted  to 
warrant  an  assault.  Meanwhile,  the  Union  cavalry  was  active 
in  harassing  the  trains  of  the  enemy.  The  next  day  the  NINTH, 
mustering  less  than  one  hundred  men,  but  full  of  the  enthusiasm 
which  victory  had  inspired,  marched  in  their  place  with  the 
other  regiments  of  the  command,  and  towards  evening  reached 
Emmetsburg.  Tents  were  pitched  in  the  same  field  occupied 
by  them  on  the  night  of  the  3Oth  of  June. 

The  private  soldier  knows  but  little  of  the  plans  of  the 
commanding  general — he  is  but  a  mere  instrument  in  the 
hands  of  those  in  authority,  and  the  greater  the  subordination 
of  the  rank  and  file,  the  more  effective  do  these  instruments 
become  in  the  hands  of  brave  and  skillful  generals.  But  the 
men  composingothe  Union  Army  had  a  fashion  of  doing  a 
good  deal  of  thinking,  and  also  of  expressing  their  thoughts 
upon  their  commanding  officers  and  the  conduct  of  the  cam 
paigns  in  which  they  were  engaged.  Never  before,  in  the  his 
tory  of  the  world,  did  an  army  contain  so  many  "thinking 
bayonets,"  and,  as  the  Union  troops  plodded  along  in  this 
stern  chase  after  the  defeated  Confederates,  many  were  the 


THE    NINTH    NEW    YORK.  July 

conjectures  as  to  when  and  where  Meade  would  bring  the 
enemy  to  bay,  and  by  a  bold  stroke  crush  him  before  he  could 
re-cross  into  Virginia.  The  escape  of  Lee's  army  after  Antie- 
tarn  was  recalled,  and  the  hope  expressed  that  there  would  be 
no  repetition  of  such  "strategy"  or  tactics  as  turned  that  bat 
tle  from  a  positive  to  a  negative  victory. 

On  the  morning  of  the  /th  the  march  was  resumed.  The 
roads  were  heavy,  owing  to  the  recent  rains,  and  much  cut 
up  by  the  artillery  and  wagons.  The  column  passed  through 
Mechanicsville  and  Lewiston,  and  then  turned  west  to  cross 
the  Catoctin  range.  The  turnpike  was  then  given  up  to  the 
trains,  while  the  infantry  trudged  along  through  cart  roads  and 
paths,  rough  and  stony,  until  the  base  of  the  mountains  was 
reached,  when  they  went  into  bivouac  for  the  night.  A  detail 
from  the  regiment  was  sent  out  on  picket  towards  the  pass. 
At  daylight  of  the  8th  the  men  were  in  line  again,  the  moun 
tain  range  was  soon  crossed,  and  the  column  headed  south 
ward.  A  short  distance  beyond  Middle.town,  the  troops  halted 
long  enough  for  the  Quartermaster  to  issue  some  clothing  and 
shoes  ;  many  of  the  men  were  almost  barefooted — some  entirely 
so.  South  Mountain  was  crossed  at  Turner's  Gap,  and  a 
short  distance  below  the  Mountain  House,  a  place  familiar  to 
the  NINTH,  line  of  battle  was  formed,  and  a  rough  breastwork 
thrown  up,  behind  which  the  men  lay  down  for  the  night. 
Cannonading  had  been  heard  during  the  day  in  the  direction 
of  Boonsboro.  No  movement  was  made  on  the  Qth  ;  the  men 
remained  behind  the  breastworks,  and  several  rumors  during 
the  day  led  some  to  believe  that  a  collision  would  take  place 
with  the  retreating  army. 

Six  o'clock  in  the  morning  of  the  loth  found  the  column 
on  the  march  towards  Boonsboro,  through  which  town  the 
NINTH  soon  passed,  thence  on,  in  a  northerly  direction,  and 
about  noon  an  intrenched  line  of  battle  was  formed.  But  a 
short  halt  was  made  when  the  column  again  pushed  forward; 
towards  evening  another  line  was  formed  and  a  rough 
defence  of  logs,  rails,  and  dirt  thrown  up,  behind  which  the 


1863  FORTIFYING    A    GARDEN. 

men  slept  for  the  night.     On  the  nth    nothing  of  importance 
occurred,  so  far  as  the  NINTH  was  concerned. 

At  noon  of  the  i2th  the  corps  was  in  motion  again. 
Funkstown,  evacuated  that  morning  by  the  enemy,  was  passed 
through,  Antietam  Creek  crossed  soon  after,  and  upon  arriv 
ing  within  sight  of  Hagerstown,  then  occupied  by  Lee's  forces, 
line  of  battle  was  soon  formed.  Previous  experience  had 
taught  the  men  that  even  a  slight  breastwork  of  rails,  and 
which  could  be  constructed  in  a  few  minutes,  was  a  handy 
thing  to  have  in  their  front  when  in  the  presence  of  the 
enemy,  and  during  this  march,  it  will  be  noticed  that  these 
impromptu  affairs  were  frequently  built.  At  this  last  stop 
ping  place,  the  line  of  battle  happened  to  encroach  upon  a 
farmer's  garden.  Poor  fellow,  he  had  seen  something  of  the 
devastation  caused  by  war  during  the  Maryland  campaign, 
the  year  before,  and  when  the  men  began  to  "  fortify  "  his  gar 
den,  he  verily  believed  that  a  battle  was  about  to  be  fought  in 
his  own  door-yard,  and  he  was  wild  with  fear.  Rain  fell  dur 
ing  the  night,  and  as  the  tents  had  not  been  pitched,  the  men 
got  a  good  soaking. 

At  daylight  of  the  r3th  the  enemy  opened  with  artillery 
on  the  Union  lines,  but  it  was  soon  silenced  by  the  return  fire. 
The  First,  Sixth  and  Eleventh  corps,  which  now  formed  the 
right  wing  of  the  army,  were  under  the  command  of  General 
Sedgvvick,  and  the  First  corps  was  on  the  extreme  right  at 
Hagerstown,  while  the  extreme  left  of  the  army  was  at 
Bakersville,  seven  miles  south.  During  the  day  the  NINTH 
remained  behind  their  rude  breastworks,  strengthening  the 
line  here  and  there,  and  waiting  for  orders.  Fresh  tioops,  to 
make  good  the  recent  losses,  were  arriving  ;  the  First  Mary 
land,  Eighth,  Thirty-ninth,  Forty-sixth  and  Fifty-first  Massa 
chusetts,  joining  the  division.  It  was  rumored,  during  the 
afternoon  and  evening,  that  the  enemy  was  to  be  attacked 
early  the  next  morning,  but  the  morning  of  the  I4th  found  the 
Confederates  safely  across  the  Potomac. 

On  the  morning  of  the  I5th  the  line  of  march  was  south, 
the  NINTH  passing  through  Keedysville,  thence  towards 


THE    NINTH    NEW    YORK.  July 

Rohrersville,  and  after  a  hard  march  of  about  twenty-two  miles, 
bivouacking  for  the  night  at  Crampton's  Gap  in  the  South 
Mountain.  Rain  had  fallen  for  two  days  and  the  roads  were 
very  muddy.  Early  in  the  afternoon  of  the  i6th  the  column 
reached  the  vicinity  of  Berlin,  on  the  Potomac,  where  the 
troops  awaited  the  building  of  a  pontoon  bridge,  completed  on 
the  i/th.  At  six  o'clock  in  the  morning  of  the  iSth  the  NINTH, 
for  the  fourth  and  last  time,  crossed  into  Virginia.  The  route 
was  by  Lovettsville  and  Waterford,  the  troops  halting  for  the 
night  near  the  latter  place,  where  a  strong  Union  sentiment  pre 
vailed.  On  the  igth  Hamilton  was  reached,  a  short  march  of 
six  or  eight  miles.  Three  o'clock  the  next  morning  found  the 
NINTH  on  the  road  again.  Goose  Creek  was  forded  early  in 
the  day,  and  late  in  the  afternoon  a  halt  was  ordered  near 
Middleburor 

O 

The  main  body  of  the  Confederate  army  was  marching  up 
the  Shenandoah  valley,  but  parties  of  their  cavalry  were  scout 
ing  about  the  front  and  flanks  of  the  Union  troops,  ready  to 
pounce  upon  stragglers  or  small  parties.  While  some  mem 
bers  of  General  Newton's  staff  were  reconnoitering  they  were 
"gobbled  up."  On  the  night  of  the  22nd  a  ten-mile  march  was 
made  to  White  Plains,  on  the  Manassas  Gap  railroad,  and  there 
the  regiment  remained  till  eight  o'clock  in  the  morning  of  the 
23d,  when  the  southward  journey  was  resumed.  \Varrenton 
was  reached  late  in  the  day,  and  the  enemy  appearing  in  force, 
line  of  battle  was  formed ;  the  troops  advanced,  those  in 
front  engaging  the  enemy  and  capturing  a  number  of  prisoners, 
some  cattle  and  a  few  wagons.  During  the  24th  the  men 
worked  upon  a  line  of  earthworks,  but  at  five  o'clock  the  next 
morning  the  army  moved  forward.  The  NINTH  was  detailed 
to  guard  the  corps  wagon  train  and  marched  in  the  direction  of 
Warrenton  Junction.  Leaving  the  train  there  the  regiment 
rejoined  the  brigade,  which  remained  in  line  of  battle  till  sun 
down,  when  the  railroad  was  followed  toward  Bealton,  where, 
at  nine  o'clock  in  the  evening,  it  halted. 

On  the  2-th  the  regiment  was  sent  out  on  picket  duty,  two 
miles  north  of  Bealton,  where  it  remained  twenty-four  hours. 


1 863  ARRIVAL   OF    CONSCRIPTS.  293 

Gangs  of  men  were  busily  engaged  repairing  the  railroad,  so 
that  supplies  might  be  forwarded  from  Washington  ;  block 
houses,  too,  were  built  along  the  line,  generally  at  the  crossings 
of  streams  to  protect  the  bridges  Little  of  importance 
occurred  for  some  time. 

On  August  ist  the  regiment  .marched  to  Rappahannock 
Station,  crossed  the  river  and  threw  up  intrenchments  at  the 
same  place  occupied  by  it  the  year  before,  and  which  was 
so  stoutly  defended  for  two  or  three  days.  On  the  4th  the 
enemy  appeared,  the  men  were  called  to  arms,  and  from  be 
hind  the  works  had  the  pleasure  of  seeing  the  "Johnnits" 
driven  back  by  the  Union  cavalry.  On  the  8th  the  regiment 
occupied  an  intrenched  camp  vacated  by  the  Fifth  Maryland 
of  the  Third  division,  and  which  was  named  Camp  Rappahan 
nock.  The  Army  moved  on  the  9th,  but  Baxter's  brigade  was 
left  to  guard  the  bridge.  On  the  I4th  the  first  conscripts— 
or  drafted  men — the  NINTH  had  seen  arrived  from  Pennsyl 
vania,  and  were  assigned  to  the  Ninetieth  regiment,  from  that 
State,  and  on  the  15th  the  Twelfth  and  Thirteenth  Massa 
chusetts  received  accessions  of  the  same  kind  of  material. 
The  rank  and  file  of  the  army  looked  upon  this  class  of  recruits 
as  a  very  undesirable  addition  to  the  army.  Socially,  they 
were  almost  ostracised,  and  to  this  fact  was  doubtless  clue  the 
numerous  desertions,  which  commenced  at  the  date  of  their 
arrival.  On  the  I5th  it  was  deemed  advisable  to  cross  to  the 
north  bank  of  the  river  for  a  better  camp  ground.  It  seemed 
as  though  active  operations  had,  for  the  time,  been  sus 
pended. 

On  the  2Oth  two  hundred  conscripts  arrived  for  the 
NINTH,  and  the  next  day  the  work  of  making  soldiers  of  them 
began.  They  were  divided  into  squads,  and  drilled  from  six 
to  eight  o'clock  in  the  morning,  and  from  four  to  six  in  the 
afternoon.  It  was  too  much  for  some  of  the  greenhorns,  for 
on  the  23rd  the  surgeons  examined  a  few  who  were  found 
totally  unfit  for  military  duty,  and  they  were  sent  home- 
rejoicing,  no  doubt.  Ninety-four  more  were  received  on  the 
.27th,  and  by  the  29th  arms  and  equipments  were  supplied,  and 


294  THE    NINTH    NEW    YORK.  September 

the  recruits  took  their  places  in  the  ranks.  The  weather  dur 
ing  the  month  had  been  very  hot,  fortunately  the  men  had 
not  much  marching  and  there  was  but  little  sickness. 

On  the  ist  of  September  the  weather  was  delightful.  The 
days  were  not  so  warm  nor  the  nights  as  cool  as  during  August. 
Daily  drills  were  making  the  recruits  quite  proficient  in  the 
manual  of  arms,  and  in  company  and  battalion  movements. 
On  the  i3th  a  reconnoissance  in  force  was  made  by  the  cav 
alry  towards  Culpeper.  General  Meade  had  learned  of  the 
departure  of  Longstreet's  command  to  join  Bragg  in  Tennes 
see,  and  was  desirous  of  attacking  Lee's  army,  now  so  greatly 
reduced  in  numbers.  The  Confederates  were  driven  beyond 
the  Rapidan,  and  Meade  ordered  forward  the  infantry  to  Cul 
peper,  where  his  own  headquarters  were  also  established.  It 
was  not  until  the  i6th  that  Baxter's  brigade  moved  forward. 
The  Rappahannock  was  crossed  at  daybreak,  and  the  column 
soon  passed  Brandy  Station,  then  moving  through  woods, 
fields  and  swamps,  it  halted  within  three  miles  of  Culpeper. 

On  the  2Oth  Dr.  Nordquist,  who  had  been  Medical 
Director  of  the  division  since  November,  1862,  was  appointed 
Medical  Inspector  of  the  First  Corps,  a  worthy  tribute  to  his 
value  as  an  officer  and  his  skill  as  a  physician. 

About  this  time  the  conscripts  began  to  disappear  rapidly. 
How  they  could  make  their  way — undetected — to  the  north  side 
of  the  Potomac,  's  a  mystery  explainable  only  by  the  supposi 
tion  that  guard'  and  teamsters  were  bribed  to  favor  their 
escape.  On  the  28th  Lieutenant-Colonel  Moesch,  other 
officers,  and  Sergeant  Bowne,  with  a  detail  for  guard,  who  had 
been  sent  to  New  York  for  the  purpose,  arrived  with  three 
hundred  and  sixty-five  conscripts.  What  a  medley  !  A 
number  of  them  could  not  speak  English.  Many  of  them 
were  French  Can'adians,  and  had  doubtless  been  sent  on  as 
substitutes  for  drafted  citizens. 

One  of  the  men  in  writing  home  about  this  time  said  : 

The  new  men  are  from  all  parts  of  the  world.  We  have  got  blustering-  English 
men,  canny  Scotchmen,  jolly  Irishmen,  jabbering  Frenchmen,  slow  and  go  easy 
Dutchmen,  and  a  lot  of  mongrel  Canadians.  There  is  a  Chinaman  in  one  company,. 


1863  CRIMINALS    JN    THE    ARMY.  295 

and  an  Indian  in  another.  We  have  also  got  a  lot  of  countrymen  who  glory  in 
being  called  "  Yankees."  Take  them  all  together  they  \\ill  make  good  soldiers,  if 
properly  handled. 

When  it  was  afterwards  learned  that  among  the  recruits 
were  criminals,  who  had  been  induced  to  enlist  in  the  army 
in  order  to  escape  incarceration  in  jail,  the  old  members  were 
justly  indignant.  It  is  a  fact  that  judges  of  petty  courts  gave 
the  convicted  prisoners  the  choice  of  going  to  jail  or  enlisting 
in  the  army  or  navy  !  Is  it  to  be  wondered  at,  that  when  the 
three  years  for  which  the  regiment  enlisted  had  expired,  the 
original  members  refused  to  reenlist,  as  a  body,  in  the  old 
regiment  ? 

The  new  men  kept  the  non-commissioned  officers  busy  all 
day  long.  Squad  drills,  with  and  without  arms,  were  the 
order  of  the  day,  and  by  dint  of  much  hard  work,  the  new 
material  soon  presented  a  fair  appearance  on  parade. 

General  Hooker,  with  the  Eleventh  and  Twelfth  corps, 
under  Howard  and  Slocum,  had  left  the  army  on  the  24th,  to 
reenforce  Rosecrans  at  Chattanooga,  whose  a '•my  had  been 
badly  whipped  at  Chicamauga  on  the  2Oth. 

The  2nd  of  October  was  signalized  by  the  execution  of  a 
member  of  one  of  the  Pennsylvania  regiments,  who  had  been 
found  guilty  of  sleeping  upon  his  post  while  on  picket  duty. 
Infliction  of  the  extreme  penalty  was  rare  in  the  army,  but 
occasionally  the  commanding  general  found  it  necessary  to 
make  an  example  of  a  particularly  flagrant  case,  in  order  that 
the  men  might  not  think  the  articles  of  war  a  dead  letter. 
The  firing  party  was  taken  from  Company  E  of  the  Twelfth 
Massachusetts,  and  the  execution  witnessed  by  the  whole  di 
vision. 

General  Meacle  had  now  determined  to  advance  against 
the  enemy,  and  it  seems  that  General  Lee  had  made  up  his 
mind  to  do  the  same  thing.  On  the  yth  the  Union  Signal 
corps,  posted  on  the  top  of  Cedar  Mountain,  discovered  that 
the  enemy  was  moving  large  bodies  of  troops  ;  their  signals 
had  been  interpreted  also,  and  Meade  was  soon  informed  of 
the  movement  against  him.  Inasmuch  as  Lee  had  moved  first, 


296  THE    NINTH    NEW    YORK.  October 

Meade  was  compelled  to  assume  the  defensive.  Lee's  plan 
seems  to  have  been  well  laid — it  was  to  move  Hill's  corps  to 
the  northwest  and  cross  Robertson's  river,  the  north  fork  of 
the  Rapidan,  near  its  source,  and  approach  Culpeper  from  the 
north,  while  Ewell's  column  should  advance  by  way  of  James 
City  on  the  southwest.  The  success  of  this  plan  would  com 
pel  Meade  to  fight  a  battle  in  order  to  regain  his  communica 
tions,  and  as  the  Union  army  was  somewhat  scattered,  Lee 
was  hopeful  of  being  able  to  accomplish  his  design.  The 
withdrawal  of  the  enemy's  pickets  from  the  south  side  of 
the  Rapidan,  on  the  morning  of  the  Qth,  led  Meade  to  believe 
that  Lee  was  retreating,  and  he  ordered  an  advance  across  the 
river.  Meanwhile,  news  of  the  enemy  moving  around  the 
right  flank  of  the  army  was  received  ;  Stuart's  cavalry  had 
already  struck  the  outposts  and  approached  James  City  near 
enough  to  shell  the  town,  seven  miles  from  Culpeper.  Hill 
had  reached  Griffinsburg,  five  miles  northwest  of  Culpeper. 
During  the  loth  Meade  seemed  to  be  at  a  loss  just  what  course 
to  pursue,  but  the  developments  of  the  day  made  it  neces 
sary  for  him  to  fall  back,  and  in  the  evening  he  ordered  the 
army  to  retire  behind  the  Rappahannock. 

At  nine  o'clock  in  the  night  the  NINTH  was  in  line  es 
corting  the  wagon  train.  The  march  was  in  an  easterly 
direction  ;  Stevensburg  was  passed,  and  the  column  pushed  on, 
crossing  the  Rappahannock  at  Kelly's  Ford  ;  thence  striking 
north,  and  reaching  Bealton  at  noon  of  the  iith.  The  Union 
cavalry  had  an  arduous  task  to  perform  during  the  retreat  of 
the  army,  and  manfully  did  they  execute  it.  Lee  was  not 
aware  that  Meade  had  fallen  back,  and  when  his  troops  were 
in  position — as  he  thought — to  strike  the  Union  army  at 
Culpeper,  that  army  was  a  dozen  miles  away. 

On  finding  that  Meade  had  retreated  Lee  still  pursued  his 
plan  of  turning  the  Union  right,  and  on  the  morning  of  the 
I2th  Hill  was  marching  north  towards  Amisville,  while  Ewell 
was  pressing  on  the  Warrenton  road,  which  crosses  the  river 
eight  miles  northwest  of  Rappahannock  Station.  Meade,  in 
order  to  determine  the  exact  location  of 'Lee's  army,  ordered 


1863  UNION    ARMY    AGAIN    RETREATS.  297 

the  Second,  Fifth  and  Sixth  corps  to  recross  the  river  on  the 
morning  of  the  i  2th,  and  advance  towards  Culpeper.  Buford's 
cavalry  covered  the  front  and  flanks.  It  will  thus  be  seen  that 
the  two  armies  were  marching  almost  on  parallel  lines — but 
in  opposite  directions.  Buford  encountered  considerable  op 
position  before  he  arrived  within  sight  of  Culpeper;  he  found, 
of  course,  that  the  Confederate  infantry  was  not  there,  and 
when  he  informed  Meade,  that  officer  was  at  a  loss  to  know 
where  his  adversary  was.  By  a  strange  concurrence  of  events, 
the  Union  cavalry,  who  were  opposing  Stuart  and  Hill,  were 
unable  to  notify  Meade  of  the  advance  of  the  Confederates  on 
his  right  and  rear.  It  was  not  until  ten  o'clock  in  the  evening 
that  he  learned  the  true  condition  of  affairs — that  the  enemy 
had  crossed  the  river  at  Sulphur  Springs  !  The  line  of  the 
Rappahannock,  therefore,  was  lost,  and  nothing  was  left  for 
him  but  to  retreat— as  Pope  did  in  1862 — to  the  next  best  de 
fensive  position.  But  Meade  had  profited  by  the  experience 
of  his  predecessors  and  he  determined  to  fight  his  battle  on  the 
heights  of  Centreville.  The  Compte  de  Paris  says:  History 
of  the  Civil  War  in  America,  Vol.  III.,  page  765  : 

"  This  resolution  was  not  worthy  of  the  conqueror  of  Gettysburg.  He  ought  to  have 
known  that  his  adversary  had  not  more  than  thirty-six  thousand  infantry  present  under 
arms ;  even  had  he  believed  him  stronger,  he  should  not  have  allowed  himself  to  be 
pushed  back  almost  under  the  guns  of  Washington  without  a  serious  effort  to  prevent  it." 

At  half-past  two  in  the  morning  of  the  13th  reveille  turned 
the  men  out,  and  at  seven  o'clock  they  were  on  the  march,  four 
companies  in  advance,  the  balance  of  the  regiment  in  rear  of 
the  corps  wagon  train.  On  arriving  at  Weaver's  Mills,  at 
about  two  P.  M.,  the  regiment  was  relieved,  and  ordered  to 

o 

join  the  brigade.  The  march  was  continued  till  late  in  the 
evening,  when,  upon  reaching  the  vicinity  of  Bristoe  Station, 
the  command  halted  for  the  night.  The  third  corps  was  at 
Greenwich,  the  Second  at  Auburn,  the  Sixth  a  short  distance 
beyond  Kettle  Run,  while  the  Fifth  was  near  the  First,  at  Bris 
toe.  It  must  be  borne  in  mind  that  the  Confederate  infantry 
was  all  north  and  west  of  the  Union  army,  endeavoring  to  turn 
its  right  flank,  but  Stuart,  with  the  cavalry,  is  south  and  east 


298  THE    NINTH    NEW    YORK.  October 

and,  in  his  impetuous  manner,  has  been  trying  to  break  or  pene 
trate  the  Union  line  of  retreat.  At  ni^rht  he  finds  himself, 

o 

with  a  portion  of  his  command,  hemmed  in  between  the  Union 
forces  at  Catlett's  Station  and  Auburn.  Fortunately  for  him 
his  precarious  position  is  unknown  to  the  Union  generals. 

At  daylight  of  the  I4th  the  troops  were  again  put  in 
motion.  In  order  to  protect  the  line  of  march  skirmishers 
were  sent  out  on  both  flanks,  and  Centreville  was  reached 
without  molestation  at  about  one  P.  M.  During  the  afternoon 
a  portion  of  the  corps,  including  Baxter's  brigade,  was  sent 
forward  to  the  north  and  west,  and  line  of  battle  formed  north 
of  the  Stone  Bridge,  by  which  the  Warrenton  road  crosses 
Bull  Run.  The  Sixth  corps  occupied  the  extreme  right  of  the 
army,  and  was  in  position  near  Chantilly.  During  the  day 
the  Second  corps,  the  rear  guard  of  the  Army  of  the  Potomac, 
in  its  march  from  Auburn  to  Catlett's  Station,  encountered 
Stuart's  cavalry  ;  on  the  march  to  Bristoe  it  also  had  a 
sharp  engagement  with  portions  of  the  Confederate  infantry, 
defeating  the  enemy  and  capturing  some  guns  and  battle-flags. 
For  these  two  engagements,  "  Auburn  "  and  "  Bristoe  "  were 
inscribed  on  the  colors  of  the  regiments  of  Warren's  corps. 
After  dark,  Warren,  knowing  that  he  had  nearly  the  whole 
Confederate' army  upon  his  left  flank,  quietly  withdrew,  and 
by  daylight  of  the  I5th  was  safe,  having  formed  a  junction 
with  the  left  of  the  army,  on  the  east  side  of  Bull  Run,  at 
Blackburn's  Ford.  When  Lee  found  the  Union  army  occu 
pying  such  a  strong  position,  he  declined  to  attack. 

During  the    isth    the  NINTH,  with    the   brigade,  moved  to 

O  V-*  *> 

the  rear  and  right,  in  order  to  connect  with  the  Sixth  corps, 
and  remained  in  this  position  until  the  iQth.  While  resting,  it 
may  be  well  to  note  some  matters  of  interest  that  occurred 
during  the  late  march. 

As  the  muster  rolls  of  the  regiment  had  been  swelled  by 
the  arrival  of  conscripts,  the  NINTH  was  again  entitled  to  a  full 
complement  of  field  and  line  officers,  and  on  the  i6th,  during 
a  halt  on  the  line  of  march,  it  was  announced  that  Lieutenant- 
Colonel  Moesch  had  been  promoted  Colonel,  and  William 


1863  LIEUT.-COLONEL    CHALMERS    ARRIVES.  299 

Chalmers,  Lieutenant-Colonel,  so  that,  with  Major  Williamson, 
the  field  roster  was  complete.  The  Major  had  been  appointed 
in  March,  but,  owing  to  the  reduced  numbers  in  the  regiment, 
had  not  been  commissioned  until  the  5th  of  October.  Both 
the  Colonel  and  Major  had  earned  their  promotion  by  long 
and  faithful  service  with  the  regiment,  but  Lieutenant-Colonel 
Chalmers  was  a  stranger  and  owed  his  appointment  to  person 
al  influence  at  the  State  Capital.  He  was  the  only  officer 
thus  thrust  upon  the  regiment,  all  the  others  having  earned 
their  promotion,  step  by  step.  It  was  this  arbitrary  method, 
adopted  by  other  governors,  as  well  as  by  the  Governor  of 
New  York,  that  often  chilled  the  patriotism  of  the  volunteers 
in  the  field.  Many  regiments  had  seen  band-box  soldiers  sent 
fresh  from  the  capital  lobbies,  to  fill — and  disgrace — the  places 
assigned  them  ;  to  exercise  authority  over  the  veterans  of 
many  battles,  and  usurp  places  due  to  those  who  had  borne 
the  heat  and  burdens  of  the  campaigns.  The  NINTH  had 
nothing  against  the  new  Lieutenant-Colonel  as  a  man,  but  it 

o       o 

•was  the  principle  involved  which  disturbed  them,  and  although 
he  joined  the  regiment  early  in  November,  and  remained  with 
it  until  the  muster  out  in  1864,  he  never  enjoyed  the  confi 
dence  of  his  brother  officers,  nor  the  respect  or  esteem  of  the 
rank  and  file. 

During  this  time,  while  the  Union  Army  had  remained  com 
paratively  quiet,  the  enemy  had  been  busily  engaged  in  tearing 
up  the  railroad  and  destroying  stations  and  water  tanks. 
Knowing  that  he  was  not  strong  enough  to  attack  Meade,  Lee 
had  determined  to  retreat  towards  his  base  of  supplies,  and  to 
so  fully  destroy  the  railroad  that  his  adversary  could  barely 
have  it  repaired,  in  time  for  another  advance,  before  the  winter 
storms  caused  a  suspension  of  active  operations.  By  his  bold 
and  skillful  maneuvers,  the  Confederate  general  had  driven  a 
superior  force  for  fifty  or  sixty  miles — time  had  been  gained, 
and  if  the  Union  Army  could  be  kept  from  active  operations 
till  Spring,  the  Confederates  would  then  be  in  better  shape  to 
assault — or  defend. 

General    Halleck   had  been  urging  Meade   to  attack    Lee, 


1OO  THE    NINTH    NEW    YORK.  October 

*J 

and  the  Union  commander  was  thus  obliged  to  take  the  initia 
tive.  A  heavy  rain  raised  the  fords  of  Bull  Run,  and  before 
the  pontoons  could  be  thrown  across  for  the  use  of  the 
infantry,  Lee's  army  was  a  day's  march  away,  followed  only  by 
the  Union  cavalry. 

While  it  was  still  raining  on  the  morning  of  the  iQth  the 
NINTH  was  ordered  under  arms,  and  at  eioht  o'clock  betjan 

o  o 

the  march,  passing  through  Gainesville  and  reaching  Hay- 
market  at  three  in  the  afternoon,  where  it  remained  till  the 
next  morning.  During  the  night  several  alarms  were  occa 
sioned  by  the  enemy's  cavalry,  small  parties  of  which  scoured 
the  country  between  the  lines.  The  morning  of  the  2Oth,  and 
up  to  four  o'clock  in  the  afternoon,  was  spent  in  line  of  bat 
tle  ;  at  the  latter  hour  the  march  was  resumed  and  Thorough 
fare  Gap  reached  at  nine  in  the  evening.  Pushing  through 
the  Gap,  line  of  battle  was  formed  about  a  mile  beyond,  and 
the  night  spent  -  -  the  men  lying  on  their  arms.  When  it 
was  found  that  the  enemy  was  not  in  the  vicinity,  a  camp 
ground  was  laid  out  on  the  morning  of  the  2ist,  and  the  troops 
remained  there  till  the  24th,  when  they  retraced  their  steps, 
passing  through  Haymarket  and  Gainesville,  thence  marching 
to  Bristoe  Station,  where  the  corps  arrived  at  nine  o'clock  in 
the  evening.  The  Third  corps  had  reached  Catlett's  Station, 
the  Fifth  was  at  Auburn,  the  Sixth  at  Warrenton,  the  Second 
about  New  Baltimore. 

The  pursuit  of  Lee  was  abandoned  and  for  several  days 
the  army  rested.  Camps  were  laid  out  and  drills  resumed. 

On  the  5th  of  November  the  regiment  moved  towards 
Catlett's  Station,  reaching  their  bivouac  in  the  evening  during 
a  cold  rain-storm.  Meade  had  again  determined  to  take  the 
offensive.  He  had  ascertained  the  location  of  the  Confed 
erate  army,  whose  headquarters  were  at  Culpeper,  and  the 
pleasant  Fall  weather  was  favorable  for  a  campaign.  The 
First,  Second  and  Third  corps  formed  the  left  wing  of  the 
army,  and  were  under  the  command  of  General  French  ;  the 
Fifth  and  Sixth  were  under  Sedgwick.  The  left  wing  had 
been  directed  to  approach  the  Rappahannock  between  Kelly's 


1 863  HUNTING    THE    FOE.  30 1 

Ford  and  Rappahannock  Station,  while  the  right  was  to 
advance  directly  against  the  Station,  where  the  enemy  had 
erected  some  strong  fortifications. 

At  six  o'clock  in  the  morning  of  the  /th  the  NINTH  was  in 
line,  marching  clown  the  railroad.  After  passing  Warrenton 
Junction  the  column  turned  south  and  passed  through  the 
village  of  Morrisville,  then  chanein^  direction  to  the  south- 

O  v>  O 

west,  reached  the  vicinity  of  Kelly's  Ford  about  noon.  The 
Third  corps  had  reached  the  river  first,  and  troops  from 
Ward's  division  had  crossed  and  driven  the  enemy  away  from 
the  ford,  killing  quite  a  number  and  capturing  between  three 
and  four  hundred  prisoners,  at  a  loss  to  Ward  of  about  one 
hundred  in  killed  and  wounded.  The  enemy  retreated  towards 
Stevensburg.  A  pontoon  bridge  was  thrown  over  the  river 
during  the  afternoon,  but  the  bulk  of  the  troops  remained  on 
the  north  side  till  the  following  morning. 

On  the  right  Sedgwick  found  a  strong  force  of  the  enemy 
posted  behind  intrenchments  on  the  north  bank  of  the  river, 
and  he  proceeded  at  once  to  reconnoiter  the  position.  The 
enemy,  anxious  to  hold  the  place,  sent  over  reinforcements, 
and  by  the  time  Sedgwick  was  ready  to  assault  it  was  nearly 
dark.  The  Union  troops  forced  their  way  to  the  river,  both 
above  and  below  the  position  occupied  by  the  enemy,  and  were 
thus  enabled  to  command  the  other  side  and  prevent  any 
more  reinforcements  beino-  sent  over.  It  had  been  deter- 

*->  • 

mined  to  wait  till  after  dark  before  making  the  final  assault. 
Led  by  Russell's  brigade  of  the  First  division  of  the  Sixth 
corps,  the  assault  took  place,  and  after  some  desperate  fight 
ing  was  carried,  and  with  it  some  sixteen  hundred  prisoners,  a 
number  of  battle-flags,  and  four  pieces  of  artillery.  The  num 
ber  engaged  in  the  assault  was  only  some  three  thousand,  and 
the  loss  about  three  hundred,  killed  and  wounded. 

Before  daylight  of  the  8th,  Early,  of  Swell's  corps,  who 
commanded  the  Confederates  at  this  point,  retreated.  They 
had  begun  the  erection  of  winter  quarters,  and  were  no  doubt 
much  disappointed  at  being  driven  for  their  supposed  secure 
position.  The  morning  of  the  8th  was  dull  and  foggy,  but  at 


302  THE    NINTH    NEW    YORK.  November 

six  o'clock  the  left  wing  crossed  over  on  the  pontoon  and 
marched  up  the  right  bank  of  the  river  towards  the  railroad 
crossing,  reaching  there  about  noon,  driving  Early's  rear-oaiard 

£j '  O  O  J  O 

away,  and  then  continuing  the  march  after  the  retreating  Con 
federates.  Brandy  Station  was  reached  towards  nightfall, 
where  line  of  battle  was  formed  and  the  troops  halted  for  the 
night.  By  this  time  Lee  had  crossed  the  Rapidan,  and  the 
Union  troops  busied  themselves  in  rebuilding  the  railroad 
bridge  across  the  Rappahannock,  and  repairing  the  track  as 
far  as  Brandy  Station.  Lee,  meanwhile,  took  up  a  strong- 
position  along  the  south  bank  of  the  Rapidan,  between  Mine 
Run  and  the  railroad  crossing  at  Rapiclan  Station.  Mine 
Run  flows  north,  empties  into  the  Rapidan  three  or  four  miles 
west  of  German na  Ford,  and  guarded  Lee's  right  flank. 

Leaving  the  main  part  of  the  Army  of  the  Potomac  in  the 
vicinity  of  Brandy  Station,  a  portion  of  the  First  corps  was 
ordered  back  to  guard  the  line  of  railroad.  Late  in  the  after 
noon  of  the  Qth  the  march  was  begun  ;  the  Rappahannock 
crossed  at  the  railroad,  on  the  pontoon  bridge,  and  the  march 
continued  to  Bealton  ;  where  the  NINTH,  with  the  Eleventh 
Pennsylvania,  and  the  One  Flunclred  and  Fourth  New  York 
and  Sixteenth  Maine  from  the  First  brigade,  were  detached  and 
ordered  to  a  point  near  Liberty,  on  the  Warrenton  turnpike. 
Snow  had  been  falling  for  some  time,  and  when  the  men 
reached  their  bivouac,  they  were  obliged  to  scrape  it  off 
from  the  ground  before  pitching  their  shelter  tents.  Here  for 
the  next  ten  days  the  time  was  fully  occupied  by  the  usual 
drills,  picket  and  fatigue  duty.  On  the  nth  about  one  hun 
dred  and  fifty  men  from  the  NINTH,  were  detailed  to  help 
repair  the  railroad.  Sleepers  had  to  be  cut  from  the  woods, 
the  enemy  having  burned  those,  as  well  as  the  rails  which  had 
been  twisted  and  bent,  while  red-hot,  and  thereby  rendered 
entirely  useless.  Saturday,  the  I4th,  five  hundred  and  seventy- 
seven  officers  and  enlisted  men  were  reported  present  for 
duty. 

On  the  2  ist  the  enemy's  cavalry  made  a  dash  upon  the 
railroad,  capturing  a  few  prisoners,  some  hospital  stores  and 


1863  MINE    RUN.  303 

wagons.  The  NINTH  was  hurriedly  called  to  arms,  and 
advanced  a  short  distance  towards  the  scene  of  action,  but 
soon  returned  to  camp. 

General  Meade  again  determined  to  advance  and  attack 
the  Confederate  army,  which,  by  this  time,  had  been  estab 
lished  in  winter  quarters  in  their  secure  position  already  men 
tioned.  Lee  had  fortified  his  line  in  front  and  had  also  pro 
tected  his  right  and  rear  by  intrenchments  for  three  or  four 
miles  up  Mine  Run.  Meade  purposed  passing  up  the  east 
side  of  the  Run  and  attacking  Lee's  rear  and  right  flank. 
Only  two  divisions  of  the  First  corps  were  to  cooperate  in 
this  movement,  the  other  being  left  to  guard  the  rear.  At 
about  eight  o'clock  in  the  morning  of  the  23rd,  the  NINTH 
was  on  the  road.  At  Bealton  the  brigade  was  joined,  and  the 
march  continued  to  within  a  couple  of  miles  of  Rappahannock 
Station,  where  the  column  halted  for  the  night.  The  men 
were  in  line  at  half-past  seven  the  next  morning,  but  were  soon 
ordered  to  disperse  and  to  have  tents  pitched  again.  At  six 
o'clock  in  the  mornino;  of  the  26th  the  advance  was  continued, 

O 

the  river  crossed  on  the  pontoon  near  the  station,  then,  follow 
ing  the  stream  clown  the  right  bank,  Richardsville  was  reached 
and  a  short  halt  made.  A  pontoon  bridge  was  found  span 
ning  the  Rapidan  at  Culpeper  Mine  Ford,  over  which  the 
column  marched,  and  about  a  mile  beyond  the  river  the  men 
bivouacked  for  the  night.  Artillery  firing  had  been  heard 
during  the  afternoon.  The  Second  and  Fifth  corps  crossed 
Germanna  Ford,  the  Third  at  Jacobs'  Ford,  but  owing  to 
many  delays,  night  found  the  heads  of  these  columns  only 
three  or  four  miles  beyond  the  river.  The  Sixth  corps  did 
not  reach  the  south  side  till  after  midnight,  crossing  at  Jacobs' 
Ford.  During  the  day  Lee  had  learned  of  M cade's  design 
and  issued  his  orders  to  meet  the  assault 

On  the  morning  of  the  27th  the  Confederate  army  was  put 
in  motion,  and  part  was  sent  over  to  the  east  side  of  Mine  Run 
to  intercept  the  Third  and  Sixth  corps.  At  five  o'clock  the 
troops  of  the  First  corps  were  on  the  march,  and  soon  reached 
Robertson's  Tavern,  on  the  western  edge  of  the  famous  Wilder- 


304  THE    NINTH    NEW    YORK.  November 

ness.  Line  of  battle,  facing  the  south  and  west,  was  formed, 
and  here  the  NINTH  remained  until  five  o'clock  the  next  morning. 
The  Third  and  Sixth  corps  which  had  also  been  ordered  to 
march  to  Robertson's  Tavern  during  the  day,  failed  to  gain 
that  point.  The  Fifth  corps  was  at  New  Hope  Church,  while 
the  Second  was  with  the  two  divisions  of  the  First  at  Robert 
son's.  During  the  day  considerable  fighting  had  been  indulged 
in,  the  enemy  generally  being  the  attacking  party,  in  order 
to  gain  time  for  the  arrival  of  the  various  divisions  of  Lee's 
army.  They  won  their  point,  partly  by  these  attacks,  but 
principally  because  of  the  slow  movements  of  the  Third  and 
Sixth  corps,  who  became  tangled  up  in  the  narrow,  blind  roads 
of  the  Wilderness. 

On  the  next  morning,  the  28th,  the  NINTH  moved  at  five 
o'clock ;  a  light  rain  was  falling  at  the  time,  the  roads  and  paths 
were,  in  many  places,  submerged  by  reason  ot  previous  rains, 
and  great  difficulty  was  experienced  in  moving  the  artillery. 
At  about  two  o'clock  in  the  afternoon  the  two  divisions  formed 
on  the  left  of  the  Second  corps,  which  was  astride  the  Orange 
Court  House  turnpike,  the  line  of  battle  facing  west.  An 
advance  was  ordered,  and  when  found  impracticable  to  main 
tain  the  forward  movement  in  line,  the  troops  broke  into  col 
umns  and  marched  by  the  flank.  When  the  crest  overlooking 
Mine  Run  was  reached  the  line  was  reestablished.  The  Sixth 
corps  had  taken  position  on  the  right  of  the  Second,  while  the 
Third  and  Fifth  were  on  the  left  of  the  First. 

But  for  forty-eight  hours  the  Confederates  had  been  very 
busy,  and  when  the  Union  troops  looked  across  the  narrow 
valley  of  Mine  Run,  they  saw  their  adversaries  strongly  posted 
behind  intrench  merits,  slashings  of  timber  in  their  front,  and 

o 

a  good  part  of  the  valley  covered  with  from  two  to  three  feet 
of  water!  The  verdict  of  the  men  in  the  ranks  was  voiced  by 
their  generals  in  the  evening,  when,  at  a  counsel  of  war,  they 
pronounced  the  enemy's  position  unassailable  !  After  dark 
some  slight  changes  were  made  in  the  line  of  battle,  the  NINTH, 
with  other  troops,  marching  about  a  mile  to  the  rear,  where 
they  remained  all  night. 


1863          A  GENERAL  ATTACK  COUNTERMANDED.          305 

The  29th  was  Sunday,  and  rain  fell  during  the  entire  day. 
About  noon  General  Meade,  accompanied  by  several  British 
officers,  rode  along  the  lines.  If  the  "John  Bulls"  came  to 
witness  a  grand,  successful,  strategic  movement  of  the  Army 
of  the  Potomac,  how  disappointed  they  must  have  been !  The 
day  passed  without  any  movement  on  the  part  of  the  NINTH. 
But  other  portions  of  the  army  had  been  active.  General 
Warren,  commanding  the  Second  corps,  had  proposed  moving 
still  further  up  the  valley  of  Mine  Run  ;  he  started  at  daylight 
with  his  corps  and  a  division  from  the  Sixth.  Night  overtook 
him  before  his  position  was  gained,  and  when,  on  the  morning 
of  the  3Oth,  he  looked  over  to  where  the  enemy  was  posted, 
he  saw  that  the  result  of  an  assault  would  be  simply  Freder- 
icksburg  repeated. 

But  the  plan  agreed  upon  included  an  assault  by  the  right 
at  eight  o'clock,  simultaneously  with  Warren's,  and  without 
waiting  for  the  sound  of  the  Second  corps  guns,  Sedgwick 
sent  Birney's  division  in  ;  they  cross  the  Run,  dislodge  the 
enemy  at  that  point,  and  then  wait  for  Warren  before  advanc 
ing  further.  \Varren,  meanwhile,  has  summoned  Meade  to 
look  over  the  ground,  and  the  commanding  general  confirms 
his  lieutenant's  decision  not  to  attack.  Other  movements  were 
proposed,  but  wherever  the  enemy  were  found  along  the  line 
of  Mine  Run,  they  were  so  well  posted  that  an  attack  seemed 
hopeless,  and  the  whole  campaign  was  abandoned,  Meade 
deciding  to  withdraw  his  army  and  return  to  the  old  position 
north  of  the  Rapidan.  During  the  clay  the  NINTH,  with  others 
of  the  corps,  had  been  moved,  first  about  a  mile  to  the  right 
in  support  of  the  Fifth  corps,  and  then,  later,  to  the  left,  where 
they  remained  during  the  night.  The  official  records  show  that 
the  regiment  lost  twenty  nine  of  the  members  "  by  desertion  " 
on  this  advance  upon  the  enemy. 

At  six  o'clock  the  next  morning,  December  ist,  the  troops 
of  the  First  corps  moved  back  to  the  position  occupied  by 
them  on  the  2Qth  November,  where  they  remained  till  four  in 
the  afternoon  ;  were  then  relieved  by  the  Third  division  of 
the  Fifth  corps,  and  marched  by  way  of  Robertson's  Tavern 


306  THE    NINTH    NEW    YORK.  December 

to  a  point  near  Germanna  Ford,  where  they  arrived  just  after 
midnight.  At  nine  o'clock  in  the  mornino-  of  the  2nd  the 

c5  O 

command  crossed  the  river  and  formed  line  on  the  north  side, 
where  it  remained  till  half-past  eleven,  then  changed  the 
position  to  support  a  battery  which  had  been  placed  to  cover 
the  crossing.  Meanwhile  the  rest  of  the  army  was  returning 
to  the  north  bank  of  the  river,  and  at  one  o'clock  P.  M.  a  divi 
sion  of  the  Sixth  corps  relieved  the  First  corps,  who  then 
continued  the  march  northward,  through  Stevensburg  to 
Brandy  Station,  where  it  bivouacked  for  the  night.  At  nine 
o'clock  the  next  morning  the  march  was  continued,  and  the 
Rappahannock  crossed  at  Kelly's  Ford.  About  four  miles 
beyond  a  halt  was  ordered,  and  the  NINTH  was  sent  out  on 
picket  for  the  night.  The  regiment  was  called  in  early  on  the 
4th  and  then,  at  ten  o'clock,  sent  back  across  the  river  and  posted 
at  the  little  hamlet  of  Kellysville,  within  a  mile  of  the  ford. 
Fording  the  river  twice  at  the  same  place  within  twenty-four 
hours  was  not  relished  by  the  men  at  this  season  of  the  year, 
and  caused  some  grumbling. 

At  half-past  three  the  next  morning  the  men  were  turned  out, 
tents  were  struck,  and  after  preparing  a  cup  of  coffee  to  wash 
down  the  hard-tack,  line  was  formed  and  the  regiment  waited 
for  the  order  to  march  ;  but  no  orders  came,  and  the  tents  were 
again  set  up.  Shortly  after  daybreak  the  men  went  into  the 
woods  near  by  and  began  cutting  logs  for  winter  huts.  During 
the  day  quite  a  number  of  these  were  erected,  the  logs  being 
laid  up  about  four  feet  high,  and  the  shelter  tents  stretched  over 
a  ridge  pole  formed  a  very  good  roof — during  pleasant  weather. 
The  next  day,  Sunday,  the  6th,  the  regiment  was  inspected  by 
Colonel  Moesch,  and  from  all  indications  that  the  rank  and 
file  could  observe,  the  army  had  settled  down  for  the  winter. 
Those  skeptical  fellows  who  had  been  waiting  to  see  whether 
or  not  it  would  be  worth  while  to  go  to  the  trouble  of  build 
ing  huts,  finally  made  up  their  minds  that  log  huts,  with  raised 
bunks,  would  be  more  comfortable  than  lying  on  the  ground, 
and  by  the  I3th  the  whole  regiment  was  comfortably  installed 
in  their  quarters,  on  which  day,  Colonel  Moesch,  Quarter- 


1863  HUT    BUILDING.  307 

master  Burtis  and  Lieutenant  Van  Alst,  Jr.,  left  for  a  visit  to 
New  York  city,  a  short  absence  having  been  granted.  Many 
of  the  domiciles  were  as  well  built  as  the  cabins  of  the  poorer 
Virginians,  and  much  ingenuity  was  manifested  in  the  erection 
of  the  chimneys  and  fire-places  ;  bricks  were  scarce,  but  with 
sticks  and  mud — the  latter  was  quite  plenty,  and  equal  to  any 
demand  that  might  be  made  upon  it — the  boys  managed  to 
build  as  good  chimneys  as  were  necessary. 

During    the    absence    of    Colonel    Moesch    the    regiment 
was    in    charge    of    the    Lieutenant-Colonel.      And    now    that 

o 

active  operations  were  suspended,  the  men  were  congratulat 
ing  themselves  upon  a  long  season  of  rest.  Day  by  day  the 
quarters  were  made  more  comfortable,  as  this,  that  and  the 
other  convenience  were  added  to  the  furniture  or  bedding  in 

o 

the  huts.  On  the  i6th  the  regiment  was  inspected  by  Lieuten 
ant-Colonel  Allen,  U.  S.  A.,  Division  Inspector.  The  ground 
was  too  soft  and  muddy  for  general  drilling,  but  the  recruits 
were  put  through  occasionally,  while  guard-mount,  dress- 
parade,  guard  and  picket  duty  kept  the  men  generally  quite  busy. 
The  old  members  of  the  regiment  had  been  in  the  service 
long  enough  not  to  be  surprised — -or,  at  least,  to  conceal  their 
surprise— at  any  order,  however  disagreeable,  that  might  be 
received  ;  so,  when  early  on  the  24th, — just  as  the  boys  were 
talking  over  the  matter  of  properly  celebrating  Christmas,— 
orders  having  been  given  to  "pack  up  and  be  ready  to 
march,"  the  only  outward  manifestations  from  this  class  were 
simply  looks  of  disgust — and  half-smothered  maledictions 
upon  the  man  that  turned  them  out  at  mid-winter  from  their 
comfortable  huts.  The  recruits  were  more  demonstrative,  and 
talked  of  getting  up  a  petition  to  be  allowed  to  remain  where 
they  were,  but  the  veterans  soon  convinced  them  of  the  futil- 
itv  of  any  such  nonsense,  and,  with  a  ijreat  deal  of  swearing — 

-•  -•  o  o 

if  we  must  tell  the  truth — the  men  began  to  pack  up.  At 
eight  o'clock  brigade 'line  was  formed,  and  the  column  was 
soon  on  the  march,  headed  west.  After  passing  through  Cul- 
peper  the  column  followed  the  line  of  railroad  south  to  a  point 
near  Mitchell's  Station,  where,  late  in  the  afternoon,  the  men 


308  THE    NINTH    NEW    YORK. 

bivouacked  for  the  night  upon   the  "cold,  cold,  ground,"  of  a 
swampy  piece  of  woods. 

Christmas  was  anything  but  a  "merry"  one  to  the  members 
of  the  NINTH.  The  camp  was  laid  out — after  a  fashion — but 
the  nature  of  the  ground  was  such  that  no  comfort  was  to  be 
expected.  "  Military  necessity," — the  excuse  for  many  of  the 
discomforts  and  privations  of  army  life — was  answerable  for 
the  condition  of  the  regiment  in  the  eyes  of  the  "  Powers,"  but 
this  did  not  satisfy  the  men  who  were  obliged  to  endure- 
blindly — the  annoyances  caused  by  the  "exigency  of  war." 
Some  men  were  sent  out  on  picket  duty,  guards  were  posted  ; 
there  were  crackers,  coffee,  "salt-horse"  and  fat  pork  for 
rations ;  the  boys  did  not  starve,  nor  freeze  to  death,  but  that 
was  all.  So  Christmas  passed  with  the  NINTH. 

On  the  28th  a  heavy  rain-storm  flooded  the  men  out  of 
their  already  uncomfortable  quarters.  "  Mud-hole  Camp"  was 
correctly  named.  Patriotism  could  alone  have  sustained  the 
spirits  of  many  of  the  volunteers  during  the  trials  and  vexa 
tions  incident  to  the  war,  and  these  vexations  were,  in  the  main, 
if  not  cheerfully  borne,  at  least  acquiesced  in,  from  force  of 
necessity,  by  the  patriotic  men  in  the  ranks.  Winter  quarters 
and  log  huts  were  talked  of,  but  no  one  had  the  temerity  to 
begin  again  their  erection,  until  some  assurance  was  received 
that  they  would  be  occupied  long  enough  to  pay  for  the 
trouble  of  building. 

On  the  iQth  of  November,  while  the  Mine  Run  Campaign 
was  in  progress,  an  incident  of  national  importance  occurred 
on  the  field  of  Gettysburg.  A  national  cemetery  was  dedica 
ted  .there,  on  Cemetery  Hill,  adjoining  the  local  cemetery,  and 
on  ground  upon  which  Union  regiments  fought  during  the  bat 
tle.  The  remains  of  the  Union  dead  had  been  carefully  gath 
ered  from  different  parts  of  the  extensive  field  and  properly 
interred,  the  graves  of  those  identified  marked  with  name  and 


regiment. 


President  Lincoln  was  the  most  prominent  figure  upon  the 
occasion,  and  gave  voice  to  the  following  immortal  words  : 


1863  LINCOLN'S  ADDRESS  AT  GETTYSBURG.  309 

"  Fourscore  and  seven  years  a^o,  our  fathers  brought  forth 

/  o     *  o 

on  this  continent  a  new  nation,  conceived  in  liberty,  and  dedi 
cated  to  the  proposition  that  all  men  are  created  equal.  Now, 
we  are  engaged  in  a  great  civil  war,  testing  whether  that 
nation,  or  any  nation,  so  conceived  and  so  dedicated,  can  long 
endure.  We  are  met  on  a  great  battle-field  of  that  war.  We 
have  come  to  dedicate  a  portion  of  that  field,  as  a  final  resting- 
place  for  those  who  here  gave  their  lives  that  that  nation 
might  live.  It  is  altogether  fitting  and  proper  that  we  should 
do  this.  But,  in  a  larger  sense,  we  cannot  dedicate — we  can 
not  consecrate — we  cannot  hallow  this  ground.  The  brave 

o 

men,  living  and  dead,  who  struggled  here,  have  consecrated  it. 
far  above  our  poor  power  to  add  or  detract.  The  world  will 
little  note  nor  long  remember  what  we  say  here,  but  it  never 
can  forget  what  they  did  here.  It  is  for  us,  the  living,  rather, 
to  be  dedicated  here  to  the  unfinished  work  which  they  who 
fought  here  have  thus  far  so  nobly  carried  on.  It  is  rather  for 
us  to  be  here  dedicated  to  the  qreat  task  remaining;  before 

O  O 

us — that  from  these  honored  dead  we  take  increased  devotion 
to  that  cause  for  which  they  gave  the  last  full  measure  of 
devotion  ;  that  we  here  highly  resolve  that  these  dead  shall 
not  have  died  in  vain  ;  that  this  nation,  under  God,  shall  have 
a  new  birth  of  freedom;  and  that  the  government  of  the  peo 
ple,  by  the  people,  and  for  the  people,  shall  not  perish  from 
the  earth." 

As  the  year  closes — for  the  NINTH,  amid  somewhat  gloomy 
and  unpleasant  surroundings — the  cause  the  men  cherished  in 
their  hearts  had  made  great  progress.  The  Union  arms  had 
been  generally  victorious  during  the  year,  and  the  people  of 
the  South  were  beginning  to  realize — after  nearly  three  years 
of  war — that  their  revolt  against  constituted  authority  had  led, 
and  was  still  leading  them,  towards  the  gulf  of  despair.  In  its 
last  issue  of  the  year — December  3ist — the  Richmond  Exam 
iner  no  doubt  voiced  the  feelings  of  the  majority  of  the  south 
ern  people  in  these  words  : 

To-day  closes  the  gloomiest  year  of  our  struggle.     No  sanguine  hope  of  intervention 
buoys  up  the  spirits  of  the  Confederate  public  as  at  the  end  of  1861.     No  brilliant  vie- 


310  THE    NINTH    NEW    YORK.  January 

tory,  like  that  of  Fredericksburg,  encourages  us  to  look  forward  10  a  speedy  and  suc 
cessful  termination  of  the  war,  as  in  the  last  week  of  1862.  Meade  has  been  foiled, 
and  Longstreet  has  had  a  partial  success  in  East  Tennessee  ;  but  Meade's  advance  was 
hardly  meant  in  earnest,  and  Bean's  Station  is  a  poor  set-off  to  the  loss  of  the  gallant 
men  who  fell  in  the  murderous  assault  on  Knoxville.  *  *  *  Meanwhile  the  finan 
cial  chaos  is  becoming  wilder.  Hoarders  keep  a  more  resolute  grasp  than  ever  on 
the  necessaries  of  life.  Non-producers,  who  are  at  the  same  time  non-speculators,  are 
suffering  more  and  more.  What  was  once  competence  has  become  poverty,  poverty- 
has  become  penury,  penury  is  lapsing  into  pauperism. 

When  the  New  Year,  1864,  opened,  it  found  the  NINTH 
still  "  Stuck  in  the  mud,"  near  Mitchell's  Station.  But  a 
change  was  in  store  for  the  men.  During  the  day,  the  welcome 
orders  came  for  the  regiment  to  pack  up  and  be  ready  to 
move.  They  cared  not  where,  even  a  New  Year's  call 
upon  the  enemy  would  have  been  acceptable.  But  this  was 
not  exacted  of  them.  A  march  of  two  miles  towards  Ceclar 
Mountain  brought  the  command  upon  high  ground,  on  a  hill, 
at  the  foot  of  which  ran  a  stream  of  clear  water.  Thinking 
that  this  was  the  Mecca  of  their  pilgrimage,  the  boys  set  to 
work  at  once,  and  from  the  neighboring  forest  soon  cut  logs 
enough  to  build  comfortable  quarters.  But  their  happiness 
was  short-lived,  for  at  two  o'clock  the  next  clay  the  familiar- 
ant!  now  disagreeable — orders  to  prepare  for  the  march  were 
received.  At  five  o'clock  the  summit  of  Cedar  Mountain  was 
reached,  a  distance  of  three  miles  from  the  starting  point. 
The  enemy  were  reported  close  by  ;  in  fact,  their  bivouac  fires 
on  the  opposite  side  of  the  Rapidan  were  distinctly  seen  at 
night,  and  ordinary  precautions  required  a  strict  watch  and 
ward  to  be  kept  along  the  whole  line. 

The  men  realized  that  they  could  not  get  much  nearer  the 
enemy  without  a  fight,  and  inasmuch  as  the  nature  of  the 
ground  at  this  season  of  the  year  precluded  an  active  cam 
paign,  they  reasoned  that  they  would  remain  for  a  while  at 
least.  But  they  thought  best  to  bivouac  for  a  day  or  two 
before  engaging  for  the  third  time  in  house-building.  On  the 
4th  Chaplain  Alford  C.  Roe  re-ported  for  duty.  He  had  been 
commissioned  to  succeed  Chaplain  Phillips,  who  resigned  a 
year  before.  Snow  fell  all  day.  Many  of  the  men  visited  the 
battle-field,  where,  on  the  Qth  of  August,  1862,  they  had  first 


1864  A    MONUMENT    TO    GENERAL    REYNOLDS.  311 

witnessed  a  general  engagement.  On  the  5th  the  camp  was 
regularly  laid  out,  and  the  men  busied  themselves  in  cutting 
and  hauling  the  logs  from  the  woods  near  by  to  build  their 
huts.  The  Twelfth  Massachusetts  and  Eighty-eighth  and 
Ninetieth  Pennsylvania  were  sent  into  Culpeper.  During 
the  winter,  the  Fourteenth  of  Brooklyn,  performed  provost- 
guard  duty  there,  and  enlivened  the  tedious  days  and 
nights  with  amateur  minstrel  performances.  On  the  5th,  too, 
a  meeting  of  members  of  the  First  corps  was  held  in  the  Bap 
tist  Church  at  Culpeper,  for  the  purpose  of  devising  ways  and 
means  for  the  erection  of  a  monument  at  Gettysburg,  to  the 
memory  of  General  Reynolds.  The  raising  of  the  necessary 
funds  was  left  to  popular  subscription  among  the  members  of 
the  corps,  officers  being  limited  to  a  contribution  of  five  dollars 
each,  and  the  enlisted  men  to  fifty  cents.  In  a  short  time, 
five  thousand  seven  hundred  and  nine  dollars  was  subscribed 
and  paid.  The  monument  stands  in  the  National  Cemetery 
at  Gettysburg. 

A  letter  written  near  the  close  of  the  month  says  : 

I  am  now  sitting  outside  of  my  tent,  in  my  shirt  sleeves,  writing.  It  is  as  warm 
as  a  summer's  day.  During  the  past  t\vo  winters  we  often  had  two  or  three  warm  days 
at  a  time,  but  now  it  has  been  warm  and  pleasant  for  two  weeks.  An  old  man  over 
at  Slaughter's  house  says  he  has  lived  here  over  fifty  years,  and  never  before  saw  such 
a  long  spell  of  warm  weather  at  this  season  of  the  year.  *  *  *  Every  few  days 
there  are  reports  that  the  rebs.  are  moving  and  we  get  into  line  ready  to  meet  them, 
but  up  to  this  time  they  have  not  visited  us ;  this  is  about  all  the  excitement  we  have 
to  relieve  the  monotony  of  camp  life.  Some  of  the  boys  have  managed  to  get  a  pair 
of  boxing  gloves,  and  from  the  noise  they  are  making  seem  to  be  enjoying  themselves. 
*  *  *  Rebel  deserters  are  brought  in  from  the  picket  line  every  day.  There  are 
also  a  great  many  contrabands  brought  in ;  if  you  were  to  see  them  shouting  and 
dancing  for  joy  when  they  get  inside  our  picket  lines  you  would  laugh  until  your  sides 
ached,  as  I  did.  They  say  the  rebs.  are  sending  all  the  blacks  to  Richmond.  The 
darkies  seem  to  dread  going  south.  As  one  of  our  boys  was  on  picket  the  other  day 
he  saw  what  he  supposed  was  about  a  dozen  men  coming  towards  him,  and  two  men, 
a  short  distance  behind  them  on  horseback.  He  sang  out,  "  Who  comes  there  ?  "  when 
an  old  white-headed  darky  shouted,  "  Lor'  bressyou,  is  you  a  Union  soldier?  I'se  old 
Pete,  and  I'se  got  my  boys  and  gals  with  me.  We  is  all  goin'  to  Massa  Linkum  ;  let 
me  in  quick,  there  is  two  hoss  soldiers  arter  us."  *  *  *  Incidents  of  this  kind 
occur  every  night.  Last  night  there  was  firing  in  the  rebel  camp.  A  fesv  deserters 
came  in  to-day  and  said  there  was  a  mutiny  in  some  Tennessee  regiment,  but  these 
deserters  tell  so  many  lies  it  is  hard  to  believe  any  of  them.  Last  winter  deserters 
said  the  rebs.  were  starving.  In  the  Spring  we  found  them  just  as  fat  and  ready  to 
fiilht  as  ever  *  *  * 


312  THE    NINTH    NEW    YORK.  February 


CHAPTER  XVII. 

THE  WILDERNESS  CAMPAIGN. 

Close  of  the  Winter. — Deserters  from  the  Confederate  Army. — More  Hut  Build-- 
ing. — Advance  to  the  Rapidan. — Back  to  Culpeper. — Re-enlistment  as  Veteran 
Volunteers. — The  NINTH  on  Duty  at  Cedar  Mountain. — General  Grant  made 
Lieutenant-General  and  placed  in  Command  of  all  the  Union  Armies. — The 
NINTH  at  Mitchell's  Station. — General  Grant  Visits  the  Army. — Consolidation  of 
the  Army. — Tribute  to  the  First  Corps. — General  Grant  joins  the  Army. — His 
Plans. — Preparing  for  Battle. — The  Ninth  Corps  Returns  to  Virginia. — Lincoln's 
Letterto  Grant. — The  March  Begins. — The  Wilderness. — Fighting  on  the  Fifth. — 
Battle  of  the  Sixth. — Colonel  Moesch  Killed. — Horrors  of  the  Battle-field. — The 
First  Flank  Movement  by  the  Left. 

T  ITTLE  of  importance  occurred  during  the  rest  of  the 
month  of  January.  Deserters  from  Lee's  army  were 
numerous,  and  it  is  recorded  that  during  the  week  ending  on 
the  29th,  over  two  hundred  entered  the  Union  lines  in  front 
of  the  Army  of  the  Potomac.  Cold  weather,  short  rations, 
and  possibly  a  conviction  that  the  Southern  cause  would  soon 
be  on  its  last  legs,  no  doubt  induced  many  of  the  faint-hearted 
to  abandon  the  sinking  ship. 

During  the  afternoon  of  the  2Qth  the  regiment  left  its  win 
ter  quarters  and  marched  to  Culpeper,  were  the  men  found 
shelter  for  the  night  in  abandoned  dwelling-houses.  The  next 
morning  the  march  was  resumed  by  way  of  the  Sperryvillc 
Pike,  and  about  three  miles  from  town  the  rest  of  the  brigade 
was  found  and  another  winter  camp  established.  For  the 
fourth  time  that  season,  the  men  of  the  NINTH  went  to  work 
to  build  huts.  The  weather  was  cold  and  stormy,  but  the  men 
worked  cheerfully,  and  in  two  or  three  days  were  again  com 
fortably  quartered. 

By  the  ist  of  February  rainy  weather  set  in  ;  snow  fell 
occasionally,  and  the  mud  and  slush  rendered  outdoor  work 
very  disagreeable.  At  one  o'clock  in  the  morning  of  the  6th 


1364  MAJOR    WILLIAMSON    IN    COMMAND.  313 

the  men  were  turned  out  and  at  half-past  six  were  marching 
towards  the  Rapidan,  in  which  direction  artillery  firing  was 
heard.  Upon  arriving  at  Raccoon  Ford,. twelve  miles  from 
camp,  the  enemy  were  observed  upon  the  opposite  side  of  the 
river  ;  they  threw  a  number  of  shells,  but  the  aim  being  too 
•  high  no  damage  was  inflicted.  During  the  day  a  heavy  artil 
lery  fire  was  maintained  by  the  Confederates,  and  the  Union 
troops  were  kept  moving  about  in  order  to  lessen  the  danger 
from  bursting  shells.  At  five  o'clock  in  the  afternoon,  the 

o 

enemy  having  ceased  firing,  the  troops  were  ordered  back, 
leaving  only  the  customary  picket  guard  at  the  river.  The 
roads  were  in  a  horrible  condition,  and  it  was  difficult  for  the 
artillery  to  move,  even  with  extra  horses,  and  the  men 
were  frequently  obliged  to  assist  in  moving  the  pieces.  The 
route  led  through  Culpeper,  and  back  to  camp,  where  the  men 
arrived  late  at  night,  being  muddy,  tired  and  hungry.  Major 
Williamson  was  in  command  of  the  regiment  at  this  time 
(8th). 

The  weather  soon  began  to  grow  pleasanter,  and  on  the 
1 5th  General  Sedgwick,  of  the  Sixth  corps,  but  temporarily 
in  command  of  the  army,  owing  to  the  absence  of  General 
Meade,  reviewed  the  First  and  Second  divisions  of  the  First 
corps,  in  a  field  near  Culpeper.  Before  the  ceremony  was 
over  a  snow-storm  set  in,  but  the  programme  was  fully  carried 
out.  On  the  22nd  the  Second  division  was  again  reviewed,  by 
Generals  Sedgwick  and  Robinson,  and  on  the  2^rd  the  whole 

O  *•> 

corps  was  "  put  through  their  facings  "  by  the  commander, 
General  Newton,  near  Pony  Mountain.  All  this  work  indi 
cated  preparation  for  the  spring  campaign,  and  when,  on  the 
26th,  orders  from  the  War  Department  were  read  offering 
those  three  years'  men  who  had  served  two  years  or  more,  and 
who  would  reenlist  for  another  term,  a  large  bounty  and  a 
thirty  days'  furlough,  it  was  quite  evident  that  the  Government 
had  determined  to  push  matters  with  an  iron  hand. 

This  matter  of  the  reenlistment  of  men  in  the  field  had 
occupied  the  attention  of  the  Government  during  the  previous 
year.  Realizing  the  fact  that  the  services  of  veteran  troops 


314  THE    NINTH    NEW    YORK.  ''fbruaiy 

would  be  of  more  value  in  the  prosecution  of  the  war  than 
new  organizations,  measures  were  adopted  to  secure  their 
retention  in  the  army.  By  the  provisions  of  "  General  Orders,. 
No.  191,"  and  subsequent  amendments,  issued  during  1863, 
the  three  years'  men  who  had  served  two  years,  and  who  would 
reenlist  in  the  same  company  and  regiment,  were  to  receive 
•thirty  clays'  furlough  and  a  bounty  of  four  hundred  and  two 
dollars.  The  new  term  was  to  begin  with  date  of  reenlistment 
and  the  men  were  to  be  designated  as  "  Veteran  Volunteers.'* 
These  liberal  offers  of  the  General  Government,  supplemented 
in  most  cases  with  State  and  Municipal  bounty,  induced  many 
who  had  already  rendered  efficient  service  to  reenlist  for  the 
new  term,  and  thus  the  Government  was  assured  of  an  effec 
tive  army  with  which  to  prosecute  the  Spring  Campaign  of 
1864. 

Where  regiments  had  been  greatly  depleted,  consolidation 
into  five  or  even  a  less  number  of  companies  was  ordered,  the 
Colonel,  Major  and  Assistant  Surgeon  to  be  mustered  out. 
The  evil  effect  that  would  result  from  the  execution  of  this 
harsh  order  was  so  apparent,  however,  that,  in  the  Army  of 
the  Potomac,  at  least,  it  was  suspended,  and  endeavors  made 
to  fill  up  the  ranks  of  these  "  fighting  "  regiments. 

Inasmuch  as  the  NINTH  had  been  in  the  field  nearly  thirty- 
three  months,  the  losses  by  the  casualties  of  war  and  transfers 
had  so  reduced  the  number  who  had  served  over  two  years, 
that  but  few  of  the  regiment  were  eligible  to  the  new  honor  ; 

o  o 

nevertheless,  the  following  were  sworn  in  : 

Co.  A. 

Co.  B. — Sergt.  Charles  H.  Barker,  Priv.  Jacob  Budelman, 
Priv.  Patrick  F.  Moore,  Musician  Albert  Wiedmer. 

Co.  C. — Sergt.  Wilton  T.  Jennings;  Corp.  William  II. 
Pedley. 

Co.  D. — Priv.  William  S.  Ryder,  Priv.  John  W 
Springer. 

Co.  E.- 

Co.  F. — Sergt.    Joseph   B.    Davis. 


1864  REENLISTMENTS.  -.  j  - 

»J     D 

Co.  G. — Priv.  Charles  H.  Stewart,  Priv.  Daniel  E. 
Wood. 

Co.  H. — Priv.  Joseph  \V.  Adee,  Jr.,  Priv.  Joseph 
McGrath,  Priv.  Charles  O'Neill. 

Co.  I. — Sergt.  George  Biegle,  Sergt.  William  Black. 

Co.  L. — Sergt.  John  J  Kelly,  Sergt.  Samuel  G.  Van  Nor- 
den,  Corp.  Patrick  Hosey,  Corp.  Augustus  W.  Meade,  Priv. 
Thomas  Burns,  Priv.  Patrick  Callan,  Priv.  John  T.  Lock- 
ington.  A  total  of  twenty-three. 

These  men  were  at  once  sent  home  to  enjoy  the  brief 
respite  from  field  duty.  Among  the  regiments  who  had  been 
but  a  little  over  two  years  in  the  service,  reenlistment  was 
quite  general.  From  the  brigade  the  Eleventh  and  Eighty- 
eighth  Pennsylvania  nearly  all  volunteered,  and  returned  home 
to  recruit  their  ranks.  Reference  has  already  been  made  to 
the  new  material  furnished  the  NINTH.  An  orderly  sergeant 
of  one  of  the  companies  wrote  :  "  I  have  got  two  tent-mates  ; 
one  is  an  old  veteran  who  has  been  with  the  regiment  since 
August,  1 86 1  ;  he  is  a  pretty  steady  chap.  The  other  is  a 
regular  'John  Bull  ;'  he  is  a  new  man,  has  been  in  the  British 
army,  is  a  generous-hearted  fellow,  but  loves  whiskey  like  an 
Irishman.  *  ""  *  There  are  not  over  eiofht  of  the  ori'-n- 

O  t""» 

nal  members  of  our  company  here." 

On  the  2 /th  a  detail  from  the  regiment  was  sent  to  guard 
the  signal  station  on  Cedar  Mountain,  while  another  was  sent 

o 

out  on  picket  to  Mitchell's  Station.  At  this  time  the  army  was 
better  supplied  with  rations  than  ever  before.  Such  vegetables 
as  potatoes,  carrots  and  turnips  were  served  ;  the  trains  bringing 
the  supply  from  Alexandria  daily.  The  Government  was  evi 
dently  preparing  the  soldier  with  a  good  "stomach  for  a 

fight.- 

Another  measure,  and  one  fraught  with  weal  to  the  cause, 
was  the  promotion  of  Major-General  Ulysses  S.  Grant  to  a 
Lieutenant-Generalcy,  and  his  assignment  to  the  command  of 
all  the  Union  armies  in  the  field,  a  bill  having  been  passed 
bv  Congress  on  the.  2Qth  for  that  special  purpose.  By  his 


316  THE    NINTH    NEW    YORK.  March 

successful  operations  in  the  West,  General  Grant  had  made 
himself  the  most  prominent  soldier  in  the  Union  Army,  and 
as  a  general's  abilities  are  measured  by  the  victories  he 
obtains,  the  taciturn,  undemonstrative  Grant,  stood  at  the  head. 
Therefore  the  country  demanded,  and  Congress  and  the  Pres 
ident  voiced  that  demand,  that  a  general  should  be  placed  at 
the  head  of  all  the  armies,  who  would  take  the  field  in  person, 
and  continue  to  win  victories  until  the  rebellion  was  crushed 
and  the  Union  re-established. 

The  3rd  of  March  found  a  detail  from  the  regiment,  with 
other  portions  of  the  brigade,  on  picket  at  Mitchell's  Station. 
A  large  number  of  deserters  from  the  Forty-eighth  Mississippi 
regiment  came  in  during  the  first  week  of  the  month,  and  if 
their  stories  were  to  be  believed,  a  very  general  feeling  of  discon 
tent  pervaded  the  whole  Confederate  Army.  That  such  was 
not  the  case,  however,  was  amply  proven  by  the  manner  in 
which  Lee's  army  fought  during  the  year. 

General  Grant  had  been  summoned  to  Washington,  in 
order  that  the  President  might  personally  present  him  with 
his  new  commission,  and  invest  him  with  the  higher  command. 
He  arrived  on  the  Qth  and  the  interesting  ceremony  was  per 
formed  in  the  White  House.  General  Halleck  was  appointed 
Chief-of-StafT,  with  office  in  Washington.  The  next  clay  the 
General-in  Chief  was  at  Meade's  headquarters,  at  Brandy  Sta 
tion,  and  intimated  his  intention  of  making  his  headquarters 
in  the  field,  near  the  army.  On  the  nth  Grant  returned  to 
Washington,  going  thence  to  the  West;  in  order  to  arrange  his 
affairs  there  ere  he  should  return  to  Virginia. 

An  important  change  in  the  Army  of  the  Potomac  had 
been  ordered  before  Grant's  promotion.  The  First  and  Third 
corps — except  General  Seymour's  division  of  the  latter,  which 
joined  the  Sixth  corps — were  consolidated  with  the  Fifth  and 
Second,  respectively.  The  men  of  the  First  and  Third  were 
to  retain  their  corps  badges,  however — a  '-mall  sop  to  their 
wounded  feelings.  The  consolidation  was  a  wise  measure, 
notwithstanding  the  pain  it  caused  many  of  the  heroes  of 
Gettysburg,  and  the  men  themselves,  while  they  regretted  the 


1864  THE    FIRST    CORPS    CONSOLIDATED.  317 

necessity  of  the  change,  soon  recognized  its  justness.  The 
NINTH  retained  its  division  (Robinson)  and  brigade  (Bax 
ter)  commanders.  It  was  still  in  the  Second  brigade,  Second 
division,  but  now  of  the  Fifth  corps,  General  G.  K.  Warren, 
commanding,  In  his  order  of  the  24th,  retiring  from  the  com 
mand  of  the  old  corps,  General  Newton  said  : 

In  relinquishing  command,  I  take  occasion  to  express  the  pride  and  pleasure  I 
have  experienced  in  my  connection  with  you,  and  my  profound  regret  at  our  separation. 
Identified  by  its  services  with  the  history  of  the  war,  the  First  corps  gave  at  Gettys 
burg  a  crowning  proof  of  valor  and  endurance  in  saving  from  the  grasp  of  the  enemy 
the  strong  position  upon  which  the  battle  was  fought.  The  terrible  losses  suffered  by 
the  corps  in  that  conflict  attest  its  supreme  devotion  to  the  country.  Though  the  corps 
has  lost  its  distinctive  name  by  the  present  changes,  history  will  not  be  silent  upon  the 
magnitude  of  its  services. 

Besides  the  official  utterances  respecting  the  consolidated 
corps,  many  were  the  tributes  paid  by  individual  members,  all 
of  which  breathed  that  spirit  of  loyalty  so  dear  to  the  heart  of 
the  true  patriot.  It  mattered  not  under  what  particular  gen 
eral  or  corps  number  they  fought,  they  determined  to  sustain 
their  ancient  renown  among  their  new  associates.  Thus  felt 
the  members  of  the  NINTH,  and  the  sentiments  of  the  rank 
and  file  are  fittingly  voiced  by  the  following  tribute,  written  at 
the  time  by  a  member  of  the  old  First  corps  : 

It  is  no  more  ;  the  deed  is  done;  the  fiat  has  gone  forth,  and  the  First  Army  Corps 
has  ceased  to  exist.  The  corps  that  was  first  formed — it  seems  to  us  a  long  time  ago 
— in  the  early  days  of  this  unholy  rebellion,  the  nation's  first  and  greatest  hope  after 
the  sun  went  clown  in  dark  and  threatening  clouds  at  the  First  Bull  Run  ;  that  band 
that  prided  themselves  upon  being  the  first  in  thorough  organization  ;  the  corps  that 
has  fought  in  a  score  of  battles,  losing  over  twenty  thousand  men,  has  been  sacrificed 
and  parcelled  out  to  another.  We  weep.  Is  it  unmanly?  Is  it  womanly  ?  We  may 
have  the  woman's  heart  :  she  weeps  over  her  lost  idol  ;  we  weep  over  ours.  We  were 
of  the  First  corps;  its  history  is  our  history.  Its  glory  ours,  we  were  it,  and  it  was 
us.  Unmanly?  Who  struck  fiercer  or  deadlier  when  the  hoarse-mouthed  cannon 
spoke,  and  his  word  was  death  ?  Who  loved  their  country  more?  Hated  its  enemies 
more?  What  corps  can  boast  of  a  list  of  names  like  Meade,  Reynolds,  McDowell, 
King,  Hartsuff,  Orel,  Seymour,  G'bbon,  Ricketts  and  Newton.  Every  one  a  hero. 
Our  comrades  sleep  upon  the  hillsides  of  Fredericksburg,  in  the  Wilderness,  a*.  Chan- 
cellorsville,  upon  the  plains  of  Manassas,  the  rugged  slopes  of  Slaughter  and  South 
Mountains,  by  the  sluggish  Antietam,  and  the  blood  of  five  thousand  of  our  brave  boys 
colored  the  ground  of  historic  Gettysburg. 

In  the  field  beyond  the  town  is  a  spot  marked  by  our  memento,  before  which  the 


318  THE    NINTH    NEW    YORK.  March 

pilgrim  will  come,  bow  his  head  in  reverence,  and  drop  tears  of  sorrow  and  joy,  upon 
the  spot  where  our  noble  commander  gave  up  his  life  to  save  his  country.  The  tear 
of  sorrow  that  so  brave  a  man,  so  skillful  a  soldier,  must  need  be  killed — the  tear  of 
joy,  that  the  man  who  died  was  the  instrument,  under  God,  that  saved  the  battle  of 
Gettysburg,  and  thus  revived  the  drooping  spirit  of  the  loyal  North. 

It  is  sad  to  contemplate  the  change  that  has  come  over  us.  The  mind  goes  back 
over  nearly  three  years  of  war,  and  views  the  forty  thousand  men  who  have  said,  with 
pride,  "  We  belong  to  the  First  corps,"  many  of  whom  lie  buried  in  known  and  unknown, 
though  honored  graves,  upon  all  the  important  battle-fields  of  Virginia,  Maryland  and 
Pennsylvania.  "  Badgers,"  "  Wolverines  "  and  "  Hoosiers  " — men  fro ,11  the  "  Bay"  State,  • 
the  "  Empire  "  State,  the"  Keystone  "  State,  he  "  Pine  Tree  "  State  and  the  "  Nutmeg  " 
State,  have  stood  side  by  side  in  cur  ranks;  side  by  side  won  victories,  indulged  in  like 
hopes,  dejected  by  the  same  fears  ;  side  by  side  attested  their  love  for  our  starry  Hag, 
emblem  of  our  freedom,  and  never  faltered  in  duty,  never  turned  their  b:ick  to  the  foe, 
in  disgrace.  To  write  the  history  of  our  band  is  to  write,  almost,  a  history  of  the  war. 

Let  every  man  who  b^longjJ  to  the  old  First  corps  register  a  vow  to  faithfully 
perform  his  duty  in  the  Fifth.  Let  it  never  be  said  that  the  men  ivho  have  made  their 
names  glorious  while  with  Doubleday  and  Wadsworth,  Meredith  and  Robinson,  turned 
their  backs  to  their  country's  foe,  and  stained  their  fair  fame.  With  our  glorious  past, 
as  a  distinctive  organization,  let  us  make  an  equally  glorious  future,  though  our  lot  be 
cast  with  a  strange  corps.  They  are  noble  brothers,  fighting  for  the  same  cause,  with 
the  same  determined  purpose.  We  must  have  our  new  allies  recognize  that  we  are  all 
that  soldiers  should  be;  and  in  the  not  distant  future,  when  our  erring  sister  States 
shall  again  sing  the  hosanna  of  peace  beneath  the  old  Hag,  we  will  return  to  our  homes 
and  -be  called  blessed.  Our  name,  our  deeds,  will  live,  though  no  costly  cenotaph 
should  be  raised  in  memoriam.  We  will  be.  known  in  the  future  ;  and  until  the  angel 
shall  come  and  rouse  with  the  trumpet,  all  the  host,  we  will  be  spoken  of  as  among  the 
bravest  and  best  of  the  brave. 

On  the  26th  General  Grant  established  his  headquarters  at 
Culpeper.  He  had  laid  out  Sherman's  work  in  the  West,  and 
he  tells  us  in  his  Memoirs  that  his  general  plan  was  to 
concentrate  all  his  forces  against  the  enemy  in  the  field.  He 
recognized  that  there  were  but  two  oreat  Confederate  armies 

o  o 

— Johnston's  in  Georgia,  and  Lee's  in  Virginia — Lee's  the  more 
important,  inasmuch  as  it  still  held,  practically,  the  same  posi 
tion  between  the  Army  of  the  Potomac  and  the  Confederate 
capital  as  at  the  beginning  of  the  war.  Says  Grant  : 

I  arranged  for  .»  simultaneous  movement  all  along  the  line.  Sherman  was  to  move 
from  Chattanooga,  Johnston's  army  and  Atlanta  being  his  objective  points.  Crook, 
commanding  in  West  Virginia,  was  to  move  from  the  mouth  of  the  Gauley  River  with 
a  cavalry  force  and  some  artillery,  the  Virginia  and  Tennessee  railroad  to  be  his  objec 
tive.  *  *  *  Sigel  was  in  command  in  the  Valley  of  Virginia.  He  was  to  advance 
up  the  Valley,  covering  the  North  from  an  invasion  through  that  channel  as  well  while 
advancing  as  by  remaining  near  Harper's  Ferry.  *  *  *  Butler  was  to  advance  by 
'.he  James  River,  having  Richmond  and  Petersburg  as  his  objective. 


1864  TO    MOVE    1-5 V    THK    FLANK.  319 

Grant  was  not  satisfied  with  what  the  cavalry  had  done 
during  the  war,  and  in  an  interview  with  the  President  and 
General  Halleck,  the  latter  proposed  that  Sheridan  should  be 
transferred  from  Sherman's  army  to  that  of  the  Potomac. 
Grant  said  he  was  the  very  man  he  wanted,  and  "  Little  Phil." 
was  sent  for.  Banks,  in  command  at  New  Orleans,  was 
ordered  to  concentrate  his  forces  at  that  point  and  prepare  to 
move  on  Mobile.  Grant  further  says  in  his  Memoirs  : 

At  this  time  I  was  not  entirely  decided  whether  I  should  move  the  army  of  the 
Potomac  by  the  right  flank  of  the  enemy  or  by  his  left.  [Lee  was  on  the  south  side 
of  the  Rapidan,  his  right  resting  on  Mine  Run,  a  position  he  had  occupied  all  winter.— 
En.]  Each  plan  presented  advantages.  If  by  his  right — my  left — the  Potomac, 
Chesapeake  Bay,  and  tributaries  would  furnish  us  an  easy  line  over  which  to  bring  all 
supplies  to  within  easy  hauling  distance  of  every  position  the  army  could  occupy  from 
the  Rappahannock  to  the  James  River.  But  Lee  could,  if  he  chose,  detach,  or  move 
his  whole  army  North  on  a  line  rather  interior  to  the  one  I  should  have  to  take  in  fol 
lowing.  A  movement  by  his  left — my  right — would  obviate  this;  but  all  that  was 
done  would  have  to  be  done  with  the  supplies  and  ammunition  we  started  with.  All 
idea  of  adopting  this  latter  plan  was  abandoned  when  the  limited  quantity  of  supplies 
possible  to  take  with  us  was  considered  The  country  over  which  we  should  have  to 
pass  was  so  exhausted  of  all  food  or  forage,  that  we  should  be  obliged  to  carry  every 
thing  with  us. 

During  the  month  of  March  the  camps  were  cleared  of  all 
non-combatants;  furloughed  officers  and  soldiers  were  recalled 
to  their  commands.  On  the  2/th  a  number  of  Maryland  regi 
ments  went  home  to  vote,  the  NINTH  performing  guard  and 
picket  duty  for  them  on  Pony  Mountain  during  their  absence. 
On  the  29th  the  Fifth  corps  was  reviewed  by  Generals  Grant, 
Meade  and  Warren. 

The  ist  of  April  was  ushered  in  by  a  freshet,  which  carried 
away  several  military  bridges,  and  necessitated  a  great  deal  of 
extra  work  to  repair  damages.  Rain,  sleet  and  snow  prevailed 
during  the  week.  A  call  having  been  made  for  volunteers 
for  the  Navy  from  among  the  soldiers,  about  thirty  ot  the 
NINTH — all  of  them  "  Conscripts  "-—left  on  the  6th  for  their  new 
duty.  On  the  yth,  the  Eleventh  and  Eighty-eighth  Penn 
sylvania  returned  to  the  field,  their  ranks  well  filled  with  excel 
lent  material  for  soldiers.  Bv  the  ioth  indications  of  active 


320  THE    NINTH    NEW    YORK.  April 

operations  were  apparent.  Clothing  and  new  shelter  tents 
were  issued,  and  officers  were  directed  to  reduce  their  baggage 
to  the  smallest  possible  compass.  Company  drills,  in  heavy 
marching  order,  were  held  every  morning,  battalion  and 
brigade  drills  on  alternate  days,  and,  best  of  all,  target  practice 
was  ordered — amu^h  needed  exercise.  The  weather  contin 
ued  rainy,  and  on  the  iith  the  railroad  bridges  across  Bull 
Run,  Cedar  Run  and  the  Rappahannock  were  carried  away  by 
the  high  water,  and  no  mail  arrived.  The  absence  of  letters 
and  newpapers,  even  for  a  day,  was  a  subject  of  comment,  as 
the  men  had  been  accustomed  to  receive  these  with  oreat 

*;!> 

regularity  during  the  winter.  On  the  I3th  Meade  moved  his 
headquarters  from  Brandy  Station  to  Culpeper;  Warren  was 
also  established  there,  and  General  Grant.  Headquarters  were 
carefully  guarded  ;  neither  civilian  nor  soldier  could  enter  the 
town  without  a  pass  from  a  general  officer,  and  equal  care  was 
exercised  respecting  any  one,  civilians  especially,  leaving  the 
town,  for  fear  they  might  be  spies  conveying  information  to 
the  enemy. 

Whenever  the  weather  permitted  the  troops  were  drilled, 
and  practiced  in  firing  at  targets.  It  was  drill,  drill,  almost 
continuously,  and  the  men  were  glad  when  sent  out  on  picket 
duty,  for  then  they  escaped  the  worriment  of  tactical  movements. 

The  Ninth  corps — which  left  the  Army  of  the  Potomac  in 
Febuary,  1863,  and  had  assisted  Grant  at  the  siege  of  Vicks- 
burg,  Sherman  at  the  capture  of  Jackson,  Miss.,  and  then  again 
under  General  Burnside — marched  through  Kentucky,  into 
Tennessee,  where,  aided  by  the  Twenty-third  corps,  it  success 
fully  defended  Knoxville  against  Longstreet,  returned  east  in 
February  ;  was  quartered  at  Annapolis,  where  it  was  reorgan 
ized  and  recruited,  ready  for  whatever  field  of  action  should 
be  assigned  it.  It  was  given  out — un-officially — that  the 
corps,  then  some  twenty  thousand  strong,  would  operate  at 
some  point  on  the  Atlantic  coast,  but  Grant  had  other  work  in 
store  for  it,  and  during  the  last  week  in  April  it  was  ordered 
into  Virginia. 

On    the   last   day  of  the   month,  President    Lincoln,  whose 


1864  LINCOLN 'TO    GRANT.  321 

noble  and  sympathetic  character  is  shown  better  in  his  per 
sonal  and  private  correspondence  than  in  his  public  utterances, 
addressed  General  Grant  the  following  letter  : 

EXECUTIVE  MANSION, 

Washington,  April  y>th,  1864. 
Lieutenant-General  GRANT 

Not  expecting  to  see  you  again  before  the  Spring  campaign  opens,  I  wish  to  express, 
in  this  way,  my  entire  satisfaction  with  what  you  have  done  up  to  this  time,  so  far  as  I 
understand  it.  The  particulars  of  your  plans  I  neither  know,  or  seek  to  know.  You 
are  vigilant  and  self-reliant,  and  pleased,  with  this,  I  wish  not  to  obtrude  any  con 
straints  or  restraints  upon  you.  While  I  am  very  anxious  that  any  great  disaster,  or  the 
capture  of  our  men  in  great  numbers,  shall  be  avoided,  I  know  these  points  are  less 
likely  to  escape  your  attention  than  they  would  be  mine.  If  there  is  anything  wanting 
which  is  within  my  power  to  give,  do  not  fail  to  let  me  know  it. 

And  now  with  a  brave  army,  and  a  just  cause,  may  God  sustain  you. 

Yours  very  truly, 

A.  LINCOLN. 

Sunday,  May  ist,  was  a  clear,  warm  day.  At  the  various 
headquarters,  staff  officers  were  active,  and  the  busy  hum  of 
preparation  warned  observers  that  soon  the  forward  move 
ment  would  begin.  After  tattoo,  in  the  evening  of  the  3rd, 
orders  to  "  pack  up  and  be  ready  to  march  at  ten  o'clock  " 
made  the  camps  a  scene  of  bustling  activity.  The  men  were 
to  destroy  what  they  could  not  carry  with  them,  but  no  bon 
fires  were  allowed  to  warn  the  enemy  of  the  contemplated 
movement.  Eight  days'  rations  had  been  crowded  into  the 
men's  haversacks  and  knapsacks,  their  cartridge  boxes  each 
held  forty  rounds  of  ammunition,  while  ten  extra  rounds  were 
stored  away  among  crackers  or  clothing.  It  looked  very  much 
like  "  business." 

At  half-past  eleven,  the  NINTH,  five  hundred  and  fifteen 
strong,  took  its  place  in  the  brigade  and  the  march  began. 
The  infantry  marched,  regardless  of  roads,  pushing  through 
fields  and  woods,  fording  streams  and  wading  through  swamps. 
Daylight  of  the  4th  found  the  column  passing  through  the 
village  of  Stevensburg,  and  marching  along  the  plank  road 
towards  Germanna  Ford.  A  short  distance  beyond  the  town 
the  troops  halted  an  hour  for  breakfast,  after  which  the  march 
was  resumed,  few  halts  being  made  until  the  Rapidan  was 


322  THE    NINTH  'NEW    YORK.  May 

reached.  It  was  found  that  Wilson's  division  of  cavalry  had 
laid  a  pontoon  early  in  the  morning,  and,  crossing  over,  had 
driven  the  enemy  back  a  mile  or  more  from  the  river.  At 
this  point,  the  river,  at  its  ordinary  stage,  is  only  about  two 
hundred  feet  wide,  but,  by  reason  of  the  late  rains,  it  was  now 
much  wider,  the  water  too  deep  to  ford,  and  the  current  run 
ning  swiftly.'  The  engineer  corps,  assisted  by  details  from 
other  regiments,  were  soon  at  work,  and  by  noon  another 
pontoon  bridge  was  thrown  across.  On  the  southern  bank 
the  enemy  had  occupied  a  line  of  rifle  pits,  which  they  had 
abandoned  as  soon  as  they  saw  the  formidable  demonstration 
made  by  the  Union  troops. 

There  had  been  no  opposition  made  to  the  crossing,  and, 
preceded  by  Wilson's  cavalry,  the  Fifth  corps  led  the  advance 
of  the  Army  of  the  Potomac  upon  a  campaign,  which  did  not 
end  until  the  rebellion  was  crushed  and  the  remnants  of  Lee's 
army  surrendered  at  Appomattox. 

The  Sixth  corps  followed  in  the  footsteps  of  the  Fifth, 
while  the  Second  crossed  at  Ely's  Ford,  a  few  miles  further- 
down  the  stream.  The  Sixth  corps  was  to  form  the  right,  the 
Fifth  the  center,  and  the  Second  the  left  of  the  line  of  battle. 
General  Grant  had  anticipated  some  opposition  in  the  cross 
ing;  referring  to  the  matter  in  his  Memoirs,  he  says  : 

0   '  o  J 

"This  I  regard  as  a  great  success,  and  it  removed  from  my 
mind  the  most  serious  apprehensions  I  had  entertained,  that 
of  crossing  the  river  in  the  face  of  an  active,  large,  well- 
appointed,  and  ably-commanded  army." 

By  one  o'clock  in  the  afternoon,  the  infantry  were  crossing 
on  the  bridges.  A  strong  line  of  flankers  guarded  either  side 
of  the  marching  column,  Company  C  performing  that  duty  on 
the  part  of  the  NINTH.  About  four  o'clock,  the  corps  reached 
the  vicinitv  of  the  Wilderness  Tavern,  at  the  intersection  of 

* 

the  Germanna  and  Orange  Court  House  turnpikes.  Line  of 
battle  was  formed  facing  southwest,  and  the  interminable 
under-brush  reminded  the  men  of  their  experience  at  Chan- 
cellorsville  the  year  before.  The  line  now  formed  was  about 


1 864  THE    CAMPAIGN    OPENED.  323 

three  miles  west  of  the  position  occupied  by  the  First  corps  at 
that  time. 

Exclusive  of  the  Fourth  division  of  the  Ninth  corps,  which 
was  composed  entirely  of  colored  troops,  who  were  not  put 
into  action  at  this  time,  Grant  had  under  his  command  about 
one  hundred  and  eighteen  thousand  men,  while  the  Confeder 
ates  had  about  sixty-one  thousand.  On  the  night  of  the  4th, 
Wilson's  cavalry  had  reached  Parker's  Store,  five  miles  south 
of  the  Tavern  ;  the  Sixth  corps  was  on  the  right  of  the  Fifth, 
while  the  Second  was  on  the  old  battle-field  of  Chancellors- 
ville.  The  Ninth  corps  was  still  north  of  the  river.  Grant 
had  crossed  over  and  established  his  headquarters  near  Ger- 
manna  Ford,  and  Meade  was  close  by.  As  soon  as  Lee 
became  aware  of  Grant's  movements,  he  put  his  army  in 
motion  to  check  the  Union  advance,  and  at  dark  the  opposing 
lines  of  infantry  were  but  five  miles  apart,  while  the  cavalry 
outposts  were  almost  within  speaking  distance. 

Before  daylight  of  the  5th  the  men  were  aroused  from  their 
bivouac  behind  their  stacks  of  muskets,  and  after  a  hurried 
breakfast  of  crackers  and  coffee,  stepped  into  their  places  in 
line  of  battle.  At  five  o'clock  the  corps  was  ordered  to  move 
by  the  left  flank  towards  Parker's  Store.  Company  H,  of  the 
NINTH,  were  out  as  flankers  for  the  regiment.  At  eight  o'clock 
the  column  was  halted,  Crawford's  division,  in  the  lead,  having 
encountered  the  advance  of  A.  P.  Hill's  corps  near  the  Chew 
ing  Farm,  while  Griffin  and  Wadsworth  struck  Ewell  about  the 
same  time.  Infantry  and  artillery  were  soon  engaged,  the 
sound  of  the  heavy  guns  bringing  Generals  Grant  and  Meade 
galloping  to  the  scene  of  action.  After  a  hurried  view  of  the 
situation  the  troops  were  formed  in  line.  Crawford's,  Wads- 
worth's  and  Griffin's  divisions  forming  the  first  line,  with 
Robinson's  in  support.  The  line  was  formed  across  the,turn- 
pike,  about  a  mile  beyond  the  Tavern,  with  Griffin  on  the  right 
of  the  corps.  Wright's  division  of  the  Sixth  corps  was  sent  to 
Warren's  right,  while  Getty's  division  of  the  same  corps  was 
ordered  into  position  on  Warren's  left  and  rear,  at  the  inter- 


324  THE    NINTH    NEW    YORK.  May 

section  of  the  Plank  and  Brock  Roads,  the  most  important 
strategic  position  in  the  Wilderness. 

Badeau  tells  us  that,  in  an  order  sent  to  Meade  at  half-past 
eight,  Grant  said  :  "If  any  opportunity  presents  itself  for 
pitching  into  a  part  of  Lee's  army,  do  so,  without  giving  time 
for  dispositions." 

Hancock,  then  at  Todd's  Tavern,  on  the  Brock  Road,  was 
ordered  to  form  a  junction  with  the  left  of  Getty's  division. 
It  was  near  noon  before  the  engagement  became  general, 
Griffin's  and  Wadsworth's  divisions  attacking,  and  driving  the 
enemy  for  some  distance.  Owing  to  the  dense  woods  and 
underbrush,  however,  that  portion  of  the  Sixth  corps  on  the 
right  of  Griffin  was  not  able  to  advance  and  cooperate  in  the 
attack,  and  Griffin  was  finally  compelled  to  fall  back.  Wads- 
worth  and  Crawford  were  also  compelled  to  retire.  The 
NINTH  had  been  ordered  to  the  support  of  a  battery  at  the 
beginning  of  the  battle,  but  as  the  Union  troops  advanced,  the 
guns  were  compelled  to  suspend  firing,  for  fear  of  injuring 
friends  as  well  as  foes,  and  the  regiment  was  then  withdrawn 
to  a  hollow,  where  it  remained  without  being  exposed  to  the 
fire  of  the  enemy. 

At  about  half-past  four  Wadsworth's  division  and  Baxter's 
/brigade  of  Robinson's,  \vere-orclered  to  support  Hancock's 
line,  which  was  then  hotly  engaged  with  the  enemy  under  A. 
P.  Hill,  just  west  of  the  Brock  Road.  The  difficulty  of  march 
ing  troops  through  the  Wilderness,  except  by  the  roads,  was 
so  great,  that  Wadsworth,  who  was  obliged  to  make  his  way 
through  the  brush,  found  darkness  closing  about  him  before 
he  reached  the  position  assigned  him.  But  the  enemy  were 
pushed  back  a  mile  or  more  before  the  battle  ceased,  Baxter's 
brigade  beino-  in  the  second  line  and  in  rear  of  the  left  of 

o  o 

Getty.  The  NINTH  suffered  no  loss,  but  the  Twelfth  Massa 
chusetts,  occupying  a  more  exposed  position,  added  some  fifty- 
seven  to  their  already  large  roll  of  killed  and  wounded.  Dur 
ing  the  night,  the  opposing  lines  were  so  near  each  other,  that 
a  number  of  men,  searching  for  water,  wandered  into  each 
other's  lines  and  were  captured. 


7864  IN    THE    WILDERNESS.  325 

The  corps  commanders  were  ordered  to  be  ready  to  renew 
the  attack  at  five  o'clock  the  next  morning. 

During  the  night  the  bulk  of  the  Ninth  corps  reached  the 
field,  and  Burnsicle  was  ordered  into  position  on  Warren's  left. 
It  was  known,  too,  that  Longstreet,  who  had  not  been  engaged 
the  day  before,  was  hurrying  along  the  Orange  plank  road  to 
the  assistance  of  Hill's  corps,  and  Grant  was  anxious  that  the 
Union  Army  should  take  the  initiative  before  Longstreet's 
arrival  On  the  other  hand  Lee  was  as  anxious  to  attack,  and, 
in  order  to  gain  time  for  Longstreet's  arrival,  he  ordered  an 
assault  on  the  Union  right,  held  by  the  Sixth  corps.  The 
enemy  fired  the  first  guns,  and  the  battle  soon  swung  around 
from  the  right  to  the  left  flank  of  the  Union  Army.  It  was 
next  to  impossible  to  preserve  a  continuous  line  of  battle,  for 
when  the  men  were  ordered  forward,  the  difficulty  of  penetrat 
ing  the  brush  in  line,  compelled  them  to  break  up  into  squads 
and  march  by  the  flank;  regiments  would  thus  become  sepa 
rated  from  brigades,  and  brigades  from  divisions,  and,  when 

o  o 

the  attempt  was  made  to  reestablish  a  line,  numerous  gaps 
existed. 

At  about  five  o'clock  Wadsworth's  division  and  Baxter's 
brigade — north  of  the  plank  road,  and  two  divisions  of  the 
Second  corps  and  Getty's  divi-sion  of  the  Sixth  on  the  road 
and  south  of  it — advanced.  The  Twelfth  Massachusetts  were 
deployed  on  the  skirmish  line  in  front  of  the  brigade.  The 
assault  was  gallantly  made  and  the  enemy  driven  nearly  two 
miles;  but  the  NINTH  suffered  heavily,  losing,  among  the 
killed,  their  brave  leader,  Colonel  Moesch.  While  this  move 
ment  was  being  executed,  a  portion  of  Longstreet's  corps  was 
reported  as  moving  along  the  unfinished  railroad,  which  runs 
parallel  with  the  plank  road,  and  was  threatening  Hancock's 
left  and  rear.  This  caused  a  halt  in  the  forward  movement. 
Gibbon's  division,  which  formed  the  extreme  left  of  Hancock's 
line  and  which  had  been  watching  Lone-street's  movements, 

<_>  o 

was  ordered  forward  ;  the  Confederate  First  corps  was  checked, 
and  Hancock's  line  repaired,  but  no  decisive  advantage 
gained.  Warren,  with  the  other  three  divisions  of  the  Fifth 


THE    NINTH    NEW    YORK.  Mar 

corps,  Sedgwick  with  the  Sixth  and  Burnside  with  a,  portion 
of  the  Ninth,  had  each  obtained  some  advantage,  but  nothing- 
decisive. 

At  a  few  minutes  before  nine  Birney's  and  Mott's  divisions 
of  the  Second  corps,  together  with  Wadsworth's  command  and 
Baxter's  brigade,  again  attacked  the  enemy  on  the  line  of  the 
Plank  Road.  Gibbon  came  in  on  the  left  shortly  after  the  bat 
tle  was  renewed,  and  for  half  an  hour  there  was  some  desper 
ate  righting.  At  length,  Cutler's  brigade,  of  Wadsworth's 
division,  was  forced  back,  and  this  caused  the  whole  line  to 
give  ground ;  but  Birney's  division  gallantly  advanced  and 
the  enemy  was  checked  for  a  moment ;  the  contest  was  soon- 
renewed,  and  about  eleven  o'clock  a  continuous  roar  of  mus 
ketry  attested  the  sanguinary  character  of  the  battle.  But  lit 
tle  artillery  could  be  used  ;  there  were  few  elevations  where  it 
could  be  placed,  and  the  dense  woods  prevented  the  gunners 
from  properly  directing  their  fire.  The  enemy  had  a  battery 
planted  in  a  clearing  near  the  Widow  Tapp's  house,  just  north 
of  the  Plank  Road,  whose  fire  was,  for  a  time,  directed  at  Bax 
ter's  brigade,  but  with  little  damage.  At  noon  the  Union  line 
fell  back  nearer  to  the  Brock  Road  for  the  purpose  of  guard- 
ins"  the  left  flank  from  Longstreet's  movement,  and  the  NINTH, 

£>  o 

at  one  o'clock,  found  itself  almost  in  the  same  position  it  occu 
pied  before  the  forward  movement  in  the  morning. 

At  two  o'clock,  General  Robinson,  bringing  with  him 
Lyle's  brigade  of  his  division,  and  two  regiments  of  heavy 
artillery,  reported  to  Hancock.  At  half-past  four  Long- 
street's  troops  advanced  against  Hancock's  left  front,  one  col 
umn  marching  along  the  Catharpen  Road,  to  take  the  Second 
corps  in  flank  and  rear,  while  another  column  advanced  by 
way  of  the  unfinished  railroad  grade;  their  advance  was  cov 
ered  by  the  dense  woods;  they  attacked  with  great  spirit,  and 
Wadsworth's  division  was  driven  back  in  some  confusion  ;  this 
necessitated  the  falling  back  of  other  portions  of  the  line,  Han 
cock  finally  rallying  the  men  behind  the  intrenchments  along 
the  Brock  Road,  which  had  been  thrown  up  the  night  before. 
Wadsworth  was  killed  while  endeavoring  to  stem  the  tide  and 


1864  BATTLE    OF    THE    WILDERNESS.  327 

Baxter  was  wounded.  The  enemy  pushed  on,  up  to  the 
intrenchments,  capturing — momentarily — part  of  the  line  on 
the  left,  but  Carroll's  brigade,  of  Gibbon's  division,  charged  and 
drove  them  out. 

In  his  report  of  the  battle,  General  Hancock  says  of  the 
field  : 

It  was  covered  by  a  dense  forest,  almost  impenetrable  by  troops  in  line  of  battle, 
where  maneuvering  was  an  operation  of  extreme  difficulty  and  uncertainty.  The 
undergrowth  was  so  heavy  that  it  was  scarcely  possible  to  see  more  than  one  hundred 
paces  in  any  direction.  The  movements  of  the  enemy  could  not  be  observed  until  the 
lines  were  almost  in  collision.  Only  the  roar  of  the  musketry  disclosed  the  position  of 
the  combatants  to  those  who  were  at  any  distance,  and  my  knowledge  of  what  was 
transpiring  on  the  field,  except  in  my  immediate  presence,  was  limited,  and  was  neces 
sarily  derived  from  reports  of  subordinate  commanders. 

The  NINTH  lost  seventy  in  killed  and  wounded  and  fourteen 
prisoners  during  the  day's  battle.  Colonel  Moesch's  body  had 
been  carried  to  the  division  hospital,  where  a  rude  coffin  was 
hastily  constructed,  and  the  remains  buried,  under  the  direc 
tion  of  Chaplain  Roe,  in  the  burial  grounds  of  Ellwood 
Place,  on  the  plantation  of  Major  J.  Hovell  Lacy,  near  the 
Wilderness  Tavern.*  The  Colonel  had  entered  the  service 
as  a  Sergeant  in  Company  B,  and  in  January,  1862,  was  elected 
Captain.  After  the  wounding  of  Major  Hendrickson,  at 
Fredericksburor  he  commanded  the  regiment,  leading  it  also 

«r^  <->  o 

at  Chancellorsville  and  Gettysburg.  His  loss  was  deeply  felt 
by  all  in  the  regiment.  He  was  a  good  soldier  ;  brave,  almost 
to  rashness  ;  a  quality  that  endeared  him  to  the  men  in  the 
ranks. 

General  Baxter's  wound  was  so  severe  as  to  necessitate  his 
leaving  the  field,  and  the  brigade  lost  a  most  efficient  com 
mander. 

To  add  to  the  horrors  of  the  battle-field,  the  fire,  which  had 
caught  in  the  breastworks  late  in  the  afternoon,  spread  over 
the  ground  on  which  lay  the  dead  and  wounded  of  both  armies, 
and  before  the  rescuing  parties  could  reach  them  many  poor 

*  For  an  account  of  the  subsequent  recovery  of  the  remains  and  their  reinterment  ip. 
the  National  Cemetery  at  Fredericksburg,  see  the  chapter  for  1887, 


328  THE    NINTH    NEW    YORK.  May 

sufferers  were  literally  roasted  to  death.  The  battle  of  the 
6th  practically  closed  the  heavy  fighting  in  the  Wilderness. 

The  casualties  had  been  very  severe  on  both  sides,  the 
Union  loss  being,  as  reported,  2,265  killed,  10,220  wounded, 
2,902  missing;  total,  15,387.  The  total  Confederate  loss  was 
about  12,000. 

The  cavalry  under  General  Sheridan  had  been  active  dur 
ing  the  three  days  the  army  had  been  on  the  south  side  of  the 
Rapidan,  and  reports  received  during  the  night  of  the  6th 
decided  General  Grant  to  move  by  the  left  Hank  towards 
Spottsylvania  Court  House,  and  endeavor  to  gain  that 
strategic  point,  and  thereby  turn  Lee's  right  flank.  The  move 
ment  was  to  be^in  on  the  following  afternoon. 

O  C5 

At  three  o'clock,  on  the  morning  of  the  /th,  the  NINTH 
were  aroused  from  their  rough  bivouac  behind  the  rude 
breastworks,  and  marched  nearly  three  miles  to  the  right  of 
the  line  of  battle,  where  another  crude  intrenchment  was  hastily 
thrown  up.  Here  it  remained  till  about  four  in  the  after 
noon.  Some  artillery  firing  at  long  range  and  an  intercharge 
of  shots  on  the  picket  line  was  all  that  occurred  in  front  of  this 
part  of  tHe  line  during  the  day.  Colonel  Coulter,  of  the 
Eleventh  Pennsylvania,  was  again  in  command  of  the  brigade, 
and  at  half-past  six  orders  were  received  to  prepare  for  a  night 
march.  About  the  middle  of  the  afternoon  the  wra£on  trains 

o 

began  to  move  off,  and  at  dark  the  infantry  followed.  It  was 
after  nine  o'clock  before  the  brigade  moved,  preceded  by  some 
cavalry,  as  the  advance  of  the  Fifth  corps.  The  column 
passed  along  the  Brock  Road  in  rear  of  -the  Second  corps, 
which  still  remained  in  their  intrenchments.  When  the  men 
realized  that  this  was  not  a  march  in  retreat — a  second  Chan- 
cellorsville — but  a  movement  nearer  the  enemy,  their  confi 
dence  in  General  Grant  increased.  It  was  a  new  experience 
for  the  Army  of  the  Potomac,  and  the  troops  relied  on  Grant's 
ability  as  much  as  he  did  upon  their  fighting  qualities.  The 
confidence  was  mutual  and  was  well  deserved. 


^864  AT    TUDD'S    TAVERN. 


CHAPTER  XVIII. 

LAUREL   HILL— SPOTTSYLYANIA    AND  COLD  HARBOR. 

Sheridan  Encountered  in  the  Woods. — Alsop's  Farm. — Battle  at  Laurel  Hill. — 
Heavy  Loss  in  the  NINTH. — Division  Reorganized.— Movement  Towards 
Spottsylvania. —  Battle  of  Spottsylvania. — The  NINTH  again  Lose  Heavily. — By 
the  Left  Flank,  Across  the  Ny  River. — A  Reconnoissance. — The  Heavy  Artillery 
Reinforcements. — Badeau's  Tribute  to  the  Volunteer  Soldiers. — Movement  to 
Guinea  Station. — The  North  Anna. — Battle  There. — The  Ninth  Corps. — Advance 
to  the  Pamunkey. — Operations  of  the  Cavalry. — Battles  at  Bethesda  Church  and 
Cold  Harbor. — List  of  the  Killed  and  Wounded  in  the  NINTH  During  the  Cam 
paign. — Close  of  Three  Years'  Service. 

QETWEEN  three  and  four  o'clock  the  next  morning,  Sun 
day,  the  8th,  the  head  of  the  infantry  column  halted  for  a 
short  rest,  within  a  mile  of  Todd's  Tavern.  The  night  had 
been  very  dark,  the;  roads  narrow  and  poor,  and  the  men  were 
much  fatigued.  At  half-past  five  the  march  was  resumed  and 
soon  the  cavalry  were  overtaken.  The  Twelfth  Massachusetts 
was  the  advance  regiment  of  the  brigade,  and  Colonel  Cook, 
in  his  history  of  that  regiment,  thus  describes  the  scene  : 

The  Twelfth  was  in  the  advance,  Adjutant  Chas.  C.  Wehrum  riding  ahead.  Sud 
denly  "a  solitary  horseman  "  rode  out  from  the  forest,  and  reined  his  horse  in  front  of 
our  adjutant. 

"  What  regiment  is  this  ?  " 

"The  Twelfth  Massachusetts.  " 

"  Order  them  to  deploy  on  the  left  of  the  road.     What  regiment  comes  next  ?  " 

"The  NINTH  New  York.  " 

"  Order  them  to  deploy  on  the  right  of  the  road.  " 

"  By  whose  order  ?  " 

The  figure  raised  the  flapping  brim  of  his  felt  hat,  and  answered  with  the  single 
word,  "Sheridan." 

Colonel  Bates  (of  the  Twelfth)  and  Colonel  Coulter  rode  up.  The  latter  received  the 
orders  direct  from  Sheridan,  every  sentence  being  bitten  off  with  a  "  Quick  !  Quick!  " 

From  Todd's  Tavern  the  Brock  Road  runs  southeast,  and, 
following  that,  the  two  leading  regiments,  in  line  of  battle, 
struggling  through  the  dense  brush,  pushed  on  for  a  mile  or 


33O  THE    NINTH    NEW    YORK.  May 

so,  emerging  from  the  woods,  where  the  cavalry  of  Merritt 
was  met.  The  enemy  had  felled  trees  across  the  road  and 
wood  paths,  and  it  was  half-past  seven  before  the  clearing  was 
come  to.  Here  a  narrow  wood  road  branches  off  to  the  right 
from  the  Brock  Road,  runs  parallel  with  it  for  about  a  mile, 
and  then  turns  again  into  the  main  road  close  to  the  Alsop's 
Farm,  distant  two  miles  from  Spottsylvania  Court  House. 
When  the  fork  was  reached  General  Robinson,  with  Lyle's 
brigade  in  the  lead,  followed  by  Coulter's,  kept  on  the  main 
road,  while  Denison's  brigade  took  the  narrow  road  to  the 
right.  Upon  reaching  the  farm  of  Alsop  the  division  again 
united,  the  brigades  formed  in  column  of  regiments  and,  pre 
ceded  by  skirmishers,  advanced  to  within  eight  hundred  yards 
of  the  heavy  woods  beyond  the  clearing.  Here  they  were 
met  by  a  heavy  fire  of  artillery  and,  on  approaching  closer,  by 
musketry  from  the  Confederate  infantry.  A  charge  being 
ordered,  the  NINTH,  with  the  other  regiments,  gallantly 
advanced  under  a  most  destructive  fire,  only  to  find  the  enemy 
so  strongly  posted  behind  intrenchments,  that  it  was  impossi 
ble  to  dislodge  him.  General  Robinson  was  severely  wounded 
in  the  leof  while  cheering  on  the  men,  and  was  carried  from  the 

o  o 

field,  Colonel  Coulter  assuming  command  of  the  division,  and 
Colonel  Bates  of  the  brigade.  The  men  were  compelled  to 
fall  back  in  order  to  re-form.  General  Warren  now  came  up 
with  the  other  three  divisions,  Griffin's,  Crawford's,  and  Wads- 
worth's,  the  latter  commanded  by  General  Cutler,  and  suc 
ceeded  in  establishing  a  line  within  short  musket  range  of  the 
enemy. 

Thus  the  attempt  to  capture  the  Court  House  had  failed, 
and  owing,  too,  to  a  rather  curious  incident.  Longstreet's 
corps — now  under  command  of  General  R.  H.  Anderson — had 
been  ordered,  on  the  night  of  the  7th,  to  bivouac  on  the  battle 
field  of  the  6th,  and  then  march  to  Spottsylvania  the  next 
morning,  but  the  woods  being  on  fire,  he  assumed  the  respon 
sibility  of  continuing  the  march  during  the  night,  and  having 
the  inside  track,  his  advance  division  reached  the  junction  of 
the  Brock  and  Shady  Grove  roads  in  time  to  interpose  between 


BATTLE    OF    LAUREL    HILL.  33 


Warren  and  his  objective.  The  balance  of  Anderson's  corps 
came  up  just  as  Robinson's  assault  was  repulsed. 

It  was  a  little  after  noon  before  Warren's  line  was  estab 
lished,  and  the  battle,  known  as  Laurel  Hill,  had  cost  the  NINTH 
heavily — one  hundred  and  forty  killed  and  wounded. 

The  Sixth  corps,  in  the  meanwhile,  had  arrived  and  taken 
position  on  the  the  right  of  the  Fifth,  and  towards  evening- 
advanced  against  the  enemy,  part  of  the  Fifth  corps  moving  to 
its  support.  The  NINTH,  with  the  brigade,  marched  a  couple 
of  miles  towards  the  firing,  but  was  not  called  into  action,  and 
was  soon  withdrawn  to  enable  the  men  to  fill  their  cartridge 

«!> 

boxes  for  the  next  battle.  The  Second  corps  had  reached 
Todd's  Tavern  about  the  middle  of  the  forenoon,  where  it 
intrenched  itself  to  hold  the  right  of  the  line,  while  the  Ninth 
corps  was  moving  off  by  way  of  Piney  Branch  Church,  and  fol 
lowing  down  the  north  bank  of  the  Ny  River,  in  order  to  extend 
the  left  of  the  line  and  strike  the  Spottsylvania-Fredericksburg 
turnpike. 

Morning  reports  the  next  clay,  showed  that,  since  the  cross 
ing  of  the  Rapidan,  Robinson's  division  had  lost  its  com 
mander  and  all  the  brigade  commanders,  as  well  as  many  of 
the  regimental  commanders,  and  not  less  than  two  thou 
sand  in  killed  and  wounded  ;  it  was  therefore  decided  to 
break  up  the  command,  and  distribute  the  brigades  among  the 
other  divisions.  In  the  assignment  the  brigade,  under  com 
mand  of  Colonel  Coulter,  was  sent  to  General  Crawford's 
division.  Nothing  of  importance  occurred  to  the  NINTH  dur 
ing  the  day,  the  regiment  remaining  behind  the  breastworks, 
listening  to  the  sound  of  the  artillery  and  occasional  discharge 
of  small  arms  on  both  their  right  and  left. 

Early  in  the  morning  of  the  Qth  General  Sheridan  cut 
loose  from  the  army  and  started  for  the  Confederate  rear  in 
order  to  cut  the  railroads.  Shortly  after  daylight  the  advance 
of  the  Ninth  corps  had  reached  the  Fredericksburg-Spott- 
sylvania  turnpike,  where  it  crosses  the  Ny  River.  Driving 
away  the  enemy's  pickets  posted  on  the  south  side,  the  troops 
advanced  and  occupied  the  high  ground  beyond,  where  they 


332  THE    NINTH    NEW    YORK.  May 

found  themselves  upon  the  Beverly  Farm,  and  within  a  mile 
and  a  half  of  the  Court  House.  An  attempt  was  made  by 
newly  arrived  portions  of  Lee's  arm)-  to  regain  this  vantage 
ground,  but  by  noon  these  assaults  had  been  gallantly  repulsed 
by  Willcox's  division  ;  the  left  of  the  Union  line  was  firmly 
established,  and  communication  with  Fredericksburg,  by  way 
of  the  turnpike,  assured.  While  reconnoitering  along  the 
front  of  the  Sixth  corps  in  the  forenoon,  General  Sedgwick 
was  killed  by  a  sharpshooter,  the  command  of  the  corps 
devolving  upon  General  H.  G.  Wright.  In  order  to  meet  the 
movement  of  the  Ninth  corps,  General  Lee  had  withdrawn 
a  portion  of  his  troops  from  Hancock's  front,  and  in  the  after 
noon  the  Second  corps  moved  south,  and  the  bulk  of  it  crossed 
the  Po  River.  At  dark  the  Union  line  formed  a  half  circle, 
from  the  southwest  to  the  northeast  of  Spottsylvania  Court 
House 

From  the  official  report,  made  by  Colonel  Coulter,  of  the 
operations  of  the  brigade  from  the  3d  to  the  Qth  inclusive,  the 
following  copious  extracts  are  taken  : 

Midnight,  3d  instant,  brigade  (excepting  8Htn  Pennsylvania,  which  had  previously 
been  detailed  as  wagon  guard)  marched,  crossing  Rapiclan  at  Germanna  Ford,  and 
encamped  about  5  miles  from  Ford  at  5  P.  M.  next  day. 

About  1 1  A.  M.,  5th  instant,  enemy  were  engaged  on  Fredericksburg  and  Orange 
turnpike,  near  Lacy  House,  by  parts  of  the  ist  and  4th  divisions. 

At  I  P.  M.  brigade  ordered  to  support  those  engaged  who  had  been  compelled  to 
retire  to  earthworks  on  road. 

After  assisting  to  extend  and  strengthen  earthworks,  were  withdrawn,  and  subse 
quently,  6  P.  M.,  with  4th  division,  were  moved  to  the  left  to  support  of  General 
Hancock's  right. 

After  entering  wood,  brigade  advanced  on  right  of  4th  division  in  2  lines,  right 
wing  of  nth  Pennsylvania  (which  was  on  right  of  brigade)  being  marched  by  flank  to 
protect  our  right,  soon  engaged  enemy's  skirmishers  and  a  brisk  fire  was  maintained 
until  8  P.  M.,  when,  becoming  too  dark,  pickets  were  advanced  and  position  occupied 
until  next  morning.  General  Rice's  brigade,  4th  division,  having  in  the  meantime 
taken  position  on  right  of  this  brigade. 

Shortly  after  daylight,  6th  instant,  advance  was  resumed,  I2th  Massachusetts  as 
skirmishers,  General  Cutler's  brigade,  4th  division,  on  left,  and  General  Rice's  brigade, 
4th  division,  on  right  of  this  brigade. 

Enemy's  skirmishers  were  driven  with  small  loss  and  Plank  Road  soon  gained,  when 
Hancock's  line  was  met  advancing,  and  direction  was  changed  to  the  right.  Moved 
now  along  both  sides  of  Plank  Road,  about  %  mile,  under  brisk  fire,  when  further 
advance  was  checked  by  strong  force  of  enemy,  supported  by  artillery. 

Brigade  was  soon  disposed  as  follows:  nth  Pennsylvania,  83d  New  York,  part  of 


1864  COLONEL    COULTER'S    REPORT.  333 

1 2th  Massachusetts  and  97th  New  York  on  left,  and  residue  of  I2th  Massachusetts  and 
97th  New  York  on  right  of  road.  Portions  of  4th  divison,  5th  corps,  were  on  right, 
and  2cl  corps  in  rear  and  left  of  brigade.  Was  here  directed  by  General  Baxter,  com 
manding  brigade,  to  remain  in  position  then  occupied  by  portions  of  brigade  on  left  of 
road  or  move  with  troops  connecting  with  me  until  further  orders. 

In  meantime  enemy  had  secured  such  a  position  as  enabled  him  to  deliver  a  most 
galling  fire  on  our  right  flank.  The  regiments  in  front,  also  being  hotly  engaged,  gave 
way,  carrying  with  them  those  in  rear,  until  met  by  another  advancing  line  of  2d  corps, 
with  which  again  advanced,  retaking  and  retaining  most  of  the  lost  ground.  This 
continued  until  1 1  A.  M.  The  loss  in  brigade  was  very  severe  ;  many  reported  missing 
are  undoubtedly  killed  or  wounded  and  left  on  the  field,  while  the  nature  of  the  ground, 
(it  being  literally  "the  Wilderness,")  rendered  either  an  extensive  view  or  the  finding 
and  properly  caring  for  the  wounded  utterly  impossible. 

By  the  wounding  of  General  Baxter,  command  of  brigade  devolved  on  myself. 

I  united  my  command  to  the  portion  which  I  found  near  General  Hancock's  head 
quarters,  amounting  in  all  to  about  600  men,  and  was  by  General  Hancock  ordered  to 
report  to  General  Gibbon,  commanding  2cl  division,  2d  corps,  and  by  him  was  sent 
with  Colonel  Brooks'  brigade  to  extreme  left  in  anticipation  of  an  attack  in  that 
quarter. 

Here  remained  until  about  5  P.  M.  strengthening  position,  when  I  was  directed  by 
General  Gibbon  to  report  to  General  Hancock,  by  him  to  General  Robinson,  and  by  him 
to  General  Warren. 

After  being  marched  to  various  points  to  meet  apparent  exigencies  of  the  moment, 
was  at  10  P.  M.  ordered  by  General  Warren  into  position  on  Plank  Road,  in  rear  of 
army  headquarters,  enemy's  efforts  being  at  time  directed  against  right  of  6th  corps. 

On  the  morning  of  7th  instant  was  ordered  to  report  to  General  Ricketts,  com 
manding  3d  division,  6th  corps,  on  right  of  General  Griffin,  and  assisted  in  strengthen 
ing  position  until  2  P.  M.,  when  was  withdrawn  to  Lacy  House,  and  was  joined  by 
residue  of  brigade,  under  command  of  Colonel  Bates,  I2th  Massachusetts,  and  later  in 
evening  by  88th  Pennsylvania,  who  had  been  returned  from  wagon  guard  and  were 
acting  during  day  with  ist  brigade,  Colonel  Lyle. 

The  portion  of  brigade,  under  Colonel  Bates,  after  engagement  of  morning  of  6th 
i-istant,  had  formed  near  Lacy  House,  and  was  by  General  Warren  ordered  into  posi 
tion  on  left  of  General  Griffin,  where,  with  some  slight  change,  remained  until  rejoining 
brigade. 

At  10  P.  M.,  division  now  united,  marched  to  left  on  road  to  Spottslyvania  Court 
House.  This  leading  passed  2d  corps,  marched  all  night,  and  about  5  A.  M.,  8th 
instant,  went  into  position,  I2th  Massachusetts  and  right  wing  of  I  ith  Pennsylvania 
deployed  as  skirmishers.  Advanced  about  i)£  miles  with  some  loss,  enemy's  skir 
mishers  retiring.  At  this  point,  lines,  which  were  somewhat  disordered,  were  under 
direction  of  General  Robinson,  re-formed  and  advance  resumed,  this  brigade  on  left 
and  ist  and  3d  brigades  on  right  of  road.  From  this  point,  ground  was  open;  enemy 
had  taken  position  in  edge  of  woods,  strengthening  himself  by  felling  trees.  When 
within  about  75  yards  of  enemy's  line,  fire  having  become  very  severe,  both  on  left 
fknk,  which  was  entirely  unprotected,  and  front,advance  was  chec'-ed  and  soon  after 
brigade  was  compelled  to  retire  as  far  as  woods,  where  lines  were  partially  re-formed, 
sufficient  to  secure  withdrawal  of  our  artillery.  Finally,  however,  being  still  pressed, 
the  whole  division  retired  to  near  Alsop  House,  when  re-formed  and  temporary  defense 
of  rails  were  erected. 


334 


THE    NINTH    NEW    YORK. 


May 


During  the  advance  General  Robinson  was  severely  wounded  and  taken  from  the 
field.  His  being  disabled  at  this  juncture  was  a  severe  blow  to  the  division,  and 
certainly  influenced  the  fortunes  of  the  day.  The  want  of  our  commanding  offi 
cer  prevented  that  concert  of  action  which  alone  could  have  overcome  the  enemy  in 
front. 

I  may  here  remark  that  the  division,  from  date  of  leaving  Culpeper,  had  been 
labored  to  its  utmost  ability,  either  marching,  engaged  with  the  enemy,  or  employed 
in  the  erection  of  defensive  works.  It  had  also  marched  the  entire  night  previous  to, 
and  went  into  this  action  without  having  had  either  rest  or  refreshment. 

Those  whose  duty  it  had  been  to  reconnoitre  the  front,  reported  "  only  dismounted 
cavalry."  Brigade  and  division  were  pressed  forward  with  great  rapidity  over  difficult 
ground,  many  being  compelled,  from  utter  exhaustion,  to  halt,  so  when  the  enemy  was 
in  reality  met  our  lines  were  almost  decimated,  and  those  remaining  unfit  for  any 
offensive  operations.  One  of  the  men  advancing  having  obtained,  through  the  thick 
undergrowth,  a  view  of  the  enemy's  skirmishers,  remarked,  "  Pretty  dismounted  cavalry, 
carrying  knapsacks."  The  sequel  proved  the  truth  of  this  remark.  The  division, 
exhausted  and  decimated,  soon  found  itself  engaged  by  a  strong  and  veteran  (Hood's) 
division  of  the  enemy,  choosing  the  ground  and  abiding  the  attack. 

By  the  disability  of  General  Robinson,  command  of  division  temporarily  devolved 
on  myself,  being  senior  colonel  present. 

Division  re-formed,  as  before  stated,  and  remained  in  position  until  8  P.  M.,  when  it 
was  advanced  to  a  position  on  right  of  point  of  morning  attack.  Here  were  employed 
during  night  and  until  noon  of  gth  instant  erecting  defensive  works. 

In  the  evening  of  this  day,  ist  brigade,  Colonel  Lyle,  commanding,  was  temporarily 
assigned  to  4th  division  ;  2d  brigade,  myself  commanding,  to  3d  division  ;  the  3(1  bri 
gade,  Colonel  Bowerman,  commanding,  being  retained  by  General  Warren  under  his 
own  supervision. 

In  so  far  as  it  may  be  proper  for  a  junior  1  desire  to  call  attention  to  the  gallantry 
ot  General  Baxter,  commanding  brigade. 

Wherever  his  presence  was  required  there  was  he  found,  giving  direction  and 
encouragement  to  his  men.  He  was  wounded  while  at  the  head  of  his  command. 

Colonel  Moesch,  83d  New  York,  fell  at  the  head  of  his  command.  It  is  only 
necessary  to  say  that  in  his  death  he  proved  himself  worthy  of  the  favorable  mention 
heretofore  repeatedly  made  of  him. 

I  annex  a  tabular  statement  of  casualties  : 

RECAPITULATION    MAY    STH   TO   STH. 


REGIMENT. 

KILLED. 

WOUNDED. 

MISSING. 

TOTAL. 

gH- 

o  ^ 
<•  ° 

Off. 

Men. 

Off. 

Men.      Off. 

Men. 

Off. 

Men. 

General  and  Staff.  .  . 
nth  P.  V  

3 

10 

22 
17 
25 

J 

I 

7 
5 
3 

5 

2 

154 
96 

73 
133 

42 

i 

2 

26 
'9 

I  2 
23 

3 

2 
10 

6 

4 
8 

2 

190 
137 

IO2 

181 

46 

2 

200 

H3 
1  06 
189 
48 

9?th  N.  Y    

1  2th  Mass  
83d  N.  Y  

88th  P.  V  

6 

75 

-3 

498 

3 

83 

32 

656 

688 

1864  THE    BATTLE    OF    SI'OTTSYLVANIA.  335 

SPOTTSYLVANIA. 

On  the  morning  of  the  loth  Laurel  Hill  was  still  occupied 
by  the  enemy  in  front  of  the  Fifth  corps.  Lines  of  rifle  pits 
could  be  plainly  seen  on  the  crest  of  the  hill  ;  the  slope  was 
densely  wooded,  and  it  was  believed  that  stronger  lines  of 

•r  O 

intrenchments  lay  behind  the  rifle  pits.  Orders  had  been 
issued  for  an  advance  of  the  Fifth  and  Sixth  corps,  and 
Colonel  Coulter  was  directed  to  push  forward  his  brigade  and 
carry  the  rifle  pits  in  his  front  at  all  hazards.  The  Ninety- 
seventh  New  York  were  deployed  on  the  skirmish  line  and 
the  rest  of  the  brigade  formed  in  two  lines,  the  Twelfth 
Massachusetts  and  Eighty-eighth  Pennsylvania  on  the  right, 
the  Eleventh  Pennsylvania  and  the  NINTH  on  the  left,  the 
right  wings  of  the  regiments  forming  the  first  line  of  battle, 
the  left  wings  the  second.  While  the  brigade,  with  the  rest  of 
the  corps,  lay  waiting  for  the  order  to  advance,  a  reconnois- 
sance  was  being  conducted  upon  the  right  by  Hancock,  who, 
upon  reporting  the  situation,  was  ordered  to  return  to  the  north 
side  of  the  Po  River,  and  assume  command  of  the  troops  des 
tined  for  the  forward  movement. 

Relieving  that  Hancock's  withdrawal  was  a  retreat,  the 
enemy  pushed  forward  and  inflicted  some  loss  upon  the  Second 
corps,  but  a  counter  movement  of  a  couple  of  brigades  of  Gib 
bon's  division  in  Warren's  front  relieved  the  pressure,  and 
Hancock  was  enabled  to  withdraw  the  balance  of  his  corps 
with  little  further  loss.  It  was  about  four  o'clock  in  the  after 
noon  when  the  Fifth  and  Sixth  corps,  supported  by  the 
Second,  moved  forward  to  the  main  attack.  , 

At  the  word  of  command,  the  lines  pushed  forward,  but 
the  nature  of  the  ground  was  such  that  it  was  difficult  to  keep 
close  formation.  The  fire  of  the  enemy's  advance  line  was 
soon  encountered,  but  did  not  for  a  moment  retard  the  Union 
line.  Up  the  hill,  struggling  through  a  mass  of  low-branched 
cedars,  and  amid  a  shower  of  rebel  bullets,  the  gallant  men 
pushed  their  way.  The  NINTH  was  on  the  extreme  left  of  the 
brigade,  and  as  the  line  entered  a  little  clearing  just  in  front 


336  THE    NINTH    NEW    YORK.  May 

of  the  enemy's  breastworks,  the  men  broke  into  a  cheer  and 
charged  into  and  over  the  rifle  pits,  the  enemy  hurriedly 
retreating  to  the  main  line,  upon  higher  ground,  further  in  the 
rear. 

An  open  field  intervened  between  the  line  of  works  just 
captured  and  the  enemy's  second  line,  and  the  latter  was  plainly 
seen  bristling  with  artillery.  After  re-forming  the  brigade  was 
again  ordered  forward,  but  when  within  a  couple  of  hundred 
yards  of  the  objective  point,  the  enemy  poured  an  enfilading 
as  well  as  direct  fire  into  the  ranks,  and  the  men  were  com 
pelled  to  halt.  Taking  whatever  advantage  the  nature  of  the 
ground  afforded,  the  men  began  at  once  to  dig  with  their  bay 
onets  and  throw  up  a  slight  defence,  and  here  the  position  was 
maintained  until  Gibbon's  division  relieved  them,  when  the 
brigade  retired  a  few  rods  to  the  rear.  At  dusk,  other  troops 
arrived,  and  those  which  had  been  in  the  advance  during  the 
battle  retired  to  the  line  of  rifle  pits,  which  they  had  carried 
a  few  hours  before,  and  where  the  night  was  spent.  During 
the  battle,  three  officers  in  the  regiment  had  been  wounded, 
twelve  enlisted  men  had  been  killed  and  thirty  were  wounded. 
The  underbrush  caught  fire  during  the  evening,  and  before  all 
the  wounded  could  be  removed,  a  number  were  burned  to 
death. 

The  Sixth  corps  had  gained  a  brilliant  success  on  the  left, 
early  in  the  battle  ;  Colonel  Upton,  of  the  One  Hundred  and 
Twentieth  New  York,  in  command  of  a  division,  penetrating 
the  enemy's  main  line  and  capturing  a  large  number  of  prison 
ers  ;  but  for  lack  of  proper  support  he  was  compelled  to  fall 
back.  The  Ninth  corps,  on  the  extreme  left,  had  reached  a 
point  within  a  quarter  of  a  mile  of  the  Court  House,  but  after 
the  fighting  was  over  for  the  day,  the  main  line  of  the  enemy's 
works  still  remained  in  their  hands. 

During  the  i  ith  the  regiment  was  not  called  upon  for  any 
serious  work.  General  Grant  had  determined  "  to  fight  it  out 
on  this  line,  if  it  takes  all  summer,"  and  the  day  was  spent  in 
making  reconnoissances.  It  was  believed  that  a  weak  point 
had  been  discovered  in  the  enemy's  line.  Sheridan  had  sue- 


J864  TO    FIGHT,    IF    IT    TAKES    ALL    SUMMER.  337 

ceeded  in  cutting  the  telegraph  wires,  and  destroying  several 
miles  of  railroad  between  Lee's  army  and  Richmond.  During 
the  afternoon,  dispositions  were  made  for  the  renewal  of  the 
battle  the  following  morning.  Rain  began  to  fall  about  the 
middle  of  the  afternoon,  and  before  dark  the  ground  was  wet 
and  the  roads  deep  with  mud.  The  Second  corps  was  moved 
during  the  night,  by  the  rear  of  the  Fifth  and  Sixth,  to  a  posi 
tion  between  the  Ninth  and  Sixth  corps,  and  was  halted 
within  twelve  hundred  yards  of  the  enemy's  line. 

At  half-past  four  o'clock  in  the  morning  of  the  I2th,  as  the 
NINTH  lay  behind  the  intrenchments,  ready  to  move  at  the 
word  of  command,  a  scattering  musketry  fire  was  heard  away 
off  to  the  left ;  soon  the  artillery  was  heard,  and  then  it  was 
rumored  throughout  the  command  that  Hancock,  with  the 
Second  corps,  had  attacked  and  captured  a  salient  on  the 
enemy's  line,  and  with  it  a  whole  division  of  the  enemy  with  all 
its  artillery.  During  the  heavy  firing  the  NINTH  was  expect 
ing  every  moment  to  be  sent  against  the  works  on  Laurel  Hill, 
but  it  was  ten  o'clock  before  orders  to  advance  were  received, 
and  then  the  brigade  moved  forward  a  short  distance  and 
halted.  The  Pennsylvania  Reserves  had  been  given  the 
advance,  and  when  they  moved  to  the  assault,  Coulter's  brigade 
was  ordered  to  follow  in  support  of  the  right  of  the  line.  The 
Pennsylvanians  went  in  in  gallant  style,  but  when  within  a  few 
rods  of  the  enemy  their  left  flank  was  assailed  by  such  a 
murderous  fire,  that  they  were  compelled  to  halt  and  then  fall 
back.  The  Sixth  corps  had  not  cleared  their  front,  and  it  was 
impossible  for  the  Fifth  to  hold  any  advance  ground  on  its  own 
left.  During  the  movements  Coulter's  brigade  had  advanced 
to  the  right  of,  and  beyond,  the  assaulting  column,  but  for 
tunately  the  nature  of  the  ground  protected  it  in  a  measure, 
and  the  loss  in  the  NINTH  is  unknown,  except  one  killed — Cap 
tain  Connolly.  Some  of  the  regiments  suffered  severely,  the 
Eleventh  Pennsylvania  reporting  a  loss  of  seventy-five  before 
regaining  the  point  from  which  they  started  in  the  morning. 

After  dark  the  NINTH  was  sent  out  on  picket,  and  during  the- 


338  THE    NINTH     NL-:\V    YORK.  May- 

night  one  man  was  killed  by  a  chance  shot  from  one  of  the 
enemy's  rifles. 

The  morning  of  the  I3th  found  the  NINTH  on  the  picket 
line,  where  it  remained  till  about  four  o'clock  in  the  afternoon, 
and  then  returned  to  a  position  behind  the  intrenchments, 
Leaving  a  portion  of  the  brigade  to  hold  the  line,  the  balance, 
with  the  rest  of  the  corps,  marched,  at  about  midnight;  towards 
the  left  of  the  Union  line.  The  night  was  dark  and  rainy, 
the  route  lay  across  country,  through  fields  and  woods,  and 
fires  were  maintained  in  order  to  keep  the  men  from  straying 
in  the  wrong  direction.  Before  daylight  the  column  halted. 
The  Nv  River  had  been  forded  during  the  ni^ht  march,  and 

*  O  fj 

many  other  streams  crossed,  which,  swelled  by  the  rain,  were 
deep  and  difficult.  When  daylight  of  the  i4th  appeared,  it 
opened  upon  a  very  tired  and  dirty  lot  of  soldiers,  and  yet  the 
fighting  spirit  had  not  been  quenched  in  the  least.  It  was 
found  that  the  Sixth  corps  was  on  the  left,  and  the  Ninth  on 
the  right  of  the  Fifth;  Hancock,  with  the  Second  corps,  still 
holding  the  ground  at  the  captured  salient — now  the  extreme 
right. 

A  little  fighting  occurred  during  the  forenoon  of  the  i4th 
in  front  of  the  Sixth  corps,  and  a  brigade  from  the  Fifth  was 
sent  to  the  support  of  General  Upton,  who,  by  this  aid,  suc 
ceeded  in  establishing  the  line.  As  soon  as  Lee  found  the 
Union  left  extended  he  withdrew  his  troops  from  Hancock's 
front,  and  the  Second  corps  was  then  massed  in  rear  of  the 
center  of  the  Union  Army.  By  dark  the  new  line  was  fully 
established,  its  direction  being  about  north  and  south,  and 
east  of  the  Court  House. 

Little  of  interest  occurred  on  the  i5th.  The  rain  contin 
ued  to  fall,  and,  aside  from  some  unimportant  changes  of  posi 
tion,  during  which  a  few  shots  were  exchanged  with  the 
enemy's  pickets,  all  was  quiet.  By  the  i6th  the  roads  had 
become  almost  impassable  for  wagons  or  artillery,  and  even 
the  ambulances  were  compelled  to  suspend  their  trips  to  Fred- 
ericksburcr  with  the  wounded.  During  the  forenoon  the 
weather  had  cleared  off  and  the  sun  came  out  burning  hot. 


1864  MOSBY    ENCOUNTERED.  339 

In  the  afternoon,  while  upon  a  reconnoissance,  the  NINTH 
came  in  contact  with  the  enemy's  skirmishers,  during  which 
four  of  the  regiment  were  killed  and  several  more  wounded. 

As  soon  as  the  army  had  advanced  far  enough  to  cover 
Fredericksburg,  repairs  were  begun  upon  the  railroad  between 
that  place  and  Acquia  creek,  in  order  that  the  army  might  be 
supplied,  and  an  outlet  established  for  the  wounded.  Mos- 
by's  "  Guerillas"  were  constantly  hovering  about  the  country, 
between  the  rear  of  the  army  and  the  Potomac,  and  in  one  of 
their  raids,  near  Belle  Plain,  attacked  an  ambulance  train  of 
wounded,  among  which  were  many  of  the  NINTH. 

The  train  was  driven  into  the  woods,  the  horses  detached, 
but  the  wounded  were  not  further  molested.  Mosby's  men 
were  quite  anxious  for  news  from  the  front,  and  plied  their 
unresisting  prisoners  with  all  sorts  of  questions.  The  rough- 
riders  soon  departed  with  the  horses  and  the  civilian  drivers— 
whom  they  took  alonir  to  care  for  the  animals — but  clurincf  the 

^  o  o 

night  word  was  conveyed  to  the  Union  lines,  and  by  early 
morning  fresh  team  horses  arrived  and  the  journey  to  Belle 
Plain  was  completed  without  further  trouble. 

On  the  i /th  a  movement  was  made  by  the  Fifth  and  Sixth 
corps  against  the  right  flank  of  the  enemy.  The  troops  moved 
at  daylight,  but  the  nature  of  the  ground  was  such  that  Gen 
eral  Wright  found  it  impossible  to  maneuver  in  his  frbnt,  and 
the  movement  was  abandoned,  and  instead  the  Second  and 
Sixth  corps  were  ordered  to  assault  the  enemy's  left  at  the 
point  of  Hancock's  battle  of  the  I2th.  During  the  day  anc} 
evening  the  troops  marched  to  their  stations,  the  NINTH  mov 
ing  about  two  miles,  and  at  about  five  o'clock  in  the  morning  of 

o  «._> 

the  iSth  the  artillery  opened.  Warren's  Fifth  corps  was  to  be 
the  reserve,  and  the  artillery  of  the  corps — it  was  expected— 
would  play  an  important  part  in  the  engagement.  The  NINTH 
saw  little  of  the  battle,  but  heard  enough  to  warrant  them  in 
believing  that  a  desperate  engagement  was  being  fought.  By 
ten  or  eleven  o'clock  Hancock  became  satisfied  that  his  assault 
could  not  succeed,  and  the  troops  were  withdrawn.  After  the 
engagement  the  NINTH  was  sent  out  on  picket  in  skirmishing 


34O  Tin:  NINTH  NEW  YORK.  May 

order,  but  the  enemy  advanced  in  force  compelling  them  to  fall 
back  ;  when,  however,  the  line,  strongly  supported,  was  ordered 
to  advance  again,  the  Confederates  retired  and  the  NINTH  was 
left  in  undisputed  possession  of  the  advanced  post.  Picket 
firing  was  lively,  and  about  ten  o'clock  in  the  evening,  as  Col 
onel  Coulter  was  inspecting  the  lines  he  was  shot  through  the 
body  and  seriously  wounded.  Colonel  Bates,  of  the  Twelfth 
Massachusetts,  assumed  command  of  the  brigade. 

Among  the  reinforcements  sent  to  the  army  about  this 
time  were  several  regiments  of  heavy  artillery,  which  had  been 
ordered  from  the  defences  of  Washington.  Each  of  these 

o 

regiments  numbered  more  than  any  of  the  old  brigades  of  the 
army,  and  one — the  Seventh  New  York — entered  the  active 
campaign  sixteen  hundred  strong.  They  were  all  well  dressed 
and  carried  heavy  knapsacks — -at  first — but  soon  the  route  of 
their  march  could  be  traced  by  abandoned  clothing,  white 
gloves  and  paper  collars. 

Leaving  Company  C  upon  the  picket  line,  at  about  five 
o'clock  in  the  afternoon  of  the  iQth,  the  NINTH  with  the  rest 
of  the  brigade  were  double  quicked  off  to  the  extreme  right  of 
the  line  of  battle,  some  two  miles  distant,  near  to  the  Harris 
House,  in  order  to  support  the  artillery,  under  Col.  J.  Howard 
Kitching,  then  endangered  by  an  attack  of  Ramseur's  brigade. 
Shortly'after  the  arrival  of  the  brigade  the  enemy  fell  back. 
This  position  was  maintained  during  the  night.  The  Confed 
erates  had  made  an  attack  on  the  right  flank  of  the  Union 
Army,  and,  finding  little  to  oppose  him,  Ewell,  whose  corps  was 
the  assaulting  party,  crossed  the  Po  River,  between  the  Fred- 
ericksburg-Spottsylvania  turnpike  and  the  Richmond  and 
Fredericksburg  Telegraph  Road.  The  only  force  that  lay 
between  him  and  Fredericksburg  was  Ferrero's  division  of 
colored  troops,  of  the  Ninth  corps,  and  Tyler's  brigade  of 
heavy  artillery,  neither  of  which  had  ever  been  under  fire  in 
the  open  field.  Tyler's  brigade  was  first  encountered,  but  the 
"  Heavies"  gave  a  good  account  of  themselves,  and  when  Fer 
rero's  troops  became  engaged,  as  they  did,  lightly,  it  was 
reported  that  "  the  colored  troops  fought  nobly." 


1864  BADEAU'S    TRIBUTE    TO    THE    VOLUNTEERS.  341 

At  five  o'clock  the  next  morning,  the  2Oth,  the  NINTH 
moved  a  mile  or  so  towards  the  front,  but  met  none  of  the 
enemy,  and  by  half-past  six  were  back  where  the  night  had 
been  spent,  and  where  the  regiment  remained  till  half-past  ten 
the  following  morning.  The  movements  back  and  forth  about 
Spottsylvania  were,  to  the  average  soldier,  like  wandering 
through  the  woods  on  a  dark  night.  Badeau,  in  his  Military 
History  of  Ulysses  S.  Grant,  Vol.  II.,  page  211,  says  : 

None  but  a  soldier  knows  how  the  fatigues  of  such  a  campaign  affect  the  spirits7 
and  the  endurance  and  even  the  valor  of  soldiers.  These  long  periods,  without  rest  or 
sleep,  and  with  hurried  meals — when  the  nerves  are  always  strung,  the  men  always 
expecting  battle,  always  on  the  lookout  against  surprise — these  wear  out  the  vital  force, 
which  is  indispensable  even  to  moral  courage.  Besides  this,  the  marching  up  and  down 
over  the  same  ground,  the  advancing,  apparently,  only  to  withdraw,  the  maneuvering, 
so  far  as  the  troops  could  see,  to  no  purpose,  was  not  only  wearisome,  but  discouraging. 
It  was  impossible  for  even  officers,  absorbed  in  their  immediate  duties,  and  observing 
only  a  limited  portion  of  the  force  or  the  field,  to  form  a  correct  idea  of  the  object  of 
half  the  maneuvers  in  which  they  were  engaged  ;  while  private  soldiers  could  hardly 
ever  know  whether  Grant's  aim  was  attained  or  not,  whether  an  engagement  was  a 
feint,  or  an  attack  only  a  cover.  All  they  knew  was  their  own  hard  duty — to  march, 
and  to  fight,  to  suffer  and  obey.  Grant  now  determined  upon  another  movement  by 
the  left  flank,  in  order  to  place  his  army  between  Lee  and  the  North  Anna  River. 

About  ten  or  eleven  o'clock  in  the  morning  of  the  2ist, 
General  Warren  began  to  withdraw  the  Fifth  corps  for  the 
march  to  Guinea  Station,  on  the  Richmond  and  Fredericks- 
burg  railroad,  and  near  the  Mattapony — a  river  formed  by  the 
junction  of  the  Mat,  Ta,  Po,  and  Ny.  Here  the  river  was 
crossed,  and  at  five  o'clock  in  the  afternoon  the  troops  moved 
out  towards  the  Telegraph  Road  for  a  short  distance,  and  then 
halted  for  the  night.  Hancock  had  a  light  engagement  with 
the  enemy  at  Guinea  Station,  but  had  pushed  on  down  the 
railroad,  and  at  night  bivouacked  at  Milford,  part  of  his  troops 
on  the  south  side  of  the  Mattapony.  The  Sixth  and  Ninth 
corps  had  been  left  near  Spottsylvania  to  hold  the  enemy  as 
long  as  possible. 

Early  in  the  morning  of  the  22nd   the   brigade   moved   for- 

*  r>  o 

ward  to  near  the  Telegraph  Road  on  a  reconnoissance.  It  was 
not  known  just  ho\v  far  Lee  had  divined  Grant's  plan,  and, 
while  waiting  for  the  arrival  of  the  Sixth  and  Ninth  corps, 


342  THE    NINTH    NEW    YORK.  May 

the  desired  information  must  be  obtained.  Colonel  Bates 
obtained  the  facts  wanted  of  some  prisoners  captured  from  a 
rebel  cavalry  regiment,  which  had  been  driven  back  to  the  Tele 
graph  Road,  and  it  was  to  the  effect  that  Ewell's  and  Ander 
son's  corps  had  marched  south  during  the  night.  Upon 
reporting  this  to  division  headquarters,  the  brigade  was  imme 
diately  recalled  and  the  march  continued  south,  the  troops 
halting  for  the  night  near  Harris'  Store,  nine  miles  from 
Guinea  Station.  The  Ninth  corps  had  reached  Guinea  Sta 
tion  early  in  the  morning,  and  the  Sixth  corps  soon  followed, 
bringing  up  the  rear  of  the  Union  Army.  Hancock  had  been 
ordered  to  remain  at  Milforcl  until  the  army  was  within  sup 
porting  distance. 

At  six  o'clock  in  the  morning  of  the  23d  the  march  was 
resumed  by  way  of  the  Telegraph  Road,  and  the  North  Anna 
crossed  at  half-past  four  in  the  afternoon.  The  division  crossed 
the  stream  at  the  fords  above  the  main  road,  and  formed  line  of 
battle  on  the  left  of  the  corps,  Griffin's  division  in  the  center  and 
Cutler's  on  the  right.  Lee's  army  at  this  time  was  concentrated 
at  Hanover  Junction,  the  crossing  of  the  Virginia  Central  with 
the  Richmond  and  Fredericksburg  railroad.  The  Virginia 
Central  runs  nearly  southeast  through  the  narrow  space  be 
tween  the  North  Anna  and  Little  Rivers,  the  road  overlooking 
both  streams,  and  A.  P.  Hill's  corps  of  Lee's  army  was  on  that 
line,  opposed  to  Warren.  Before  the  formation  of  the  corps 
was  completed,  and  while  Cutler's  division  was  establishing  the 
right  of  the  line,  Hill's  troops  made  a  vigorous  attack,  driving 
a  portion  of  the  division  back  in  confusion,  but  Griffin  came 
to  the  rescue,  and  the  enemy  were  repulsed  with  the  loss  of  a 
number  of  prisoners  The  NINTH  witnessed  the  battle,  but 
was  not  actively  engaged  and  suffered  no  loss. 

When  the  attack  opened  on  the  Fifth  corps,  Hancock  ad 
vanced  towards  the  river  by  way  of  the  Telegraph  Road,  but 
found  the  enemy  strongly  intrenched  to  dispute  his  passage  ; 
after  a  gallant  charge  by  two  of  his  leading  brigades  the  enemy 
were  driven  out  of  their  works  and  across  the  bridge,  darkness 
alone  preventing  Hancock  from  following  to  the  south  side. 


JKRICIIO    AND    OX    FORDS.  343 

The   railroad   bridge,  a  mile  east  of  the  Telegraph    Road,  was 
still  held  by  the  enemy. 

The  next  morning,  the  24th,  it  was  found  that  the  enemy 
had  retired  from  the  vicinity  of  the  turnpike  bridge  and  Han 
cock  crossed  and  established  his  line,  but  between  him  and 
Warren  the  enemy  was  in  strong  force,  covering  Ox  Ford,  oppo 
site  which  the  Ninth  corps  lay.  When  Burnside  attempted 
the  passage  his  advance  was  checked.  Between  Ox  Ford  and 
Jericho  Ford,  further  up  the  stream,  where  the  Fifth  corps  had 
crossed,  another  ford, — Ouarle's, — was  discovered,  and  while 
Burnside  sent  Crittenden's  division  to  that  point,  Crawford's 
division  was  ordered  to  cooperate  with  it  and  endeavor  to  drive 
the  enemy  from  before  Ox  Ford,  while  Potter's  division  of  the 
Ninth  corps, which  had  moved  clown  the  stream  and  crossed  by 
the  Telegraph  Bridge,  was  to  move  up  on  the  south  side  and 
attack  the  enemy  from  below. 

Very  early  in  the  morning,  and  before  it  was  known  that 
the  enemy  were  in  such  strong  force  between  Hancock  and 
Warren,  a  regiment  of  Pennsylvania  Reserves  had  been  sent 
from  the  Fifth  corps  to  march  down  the  stream  and  endeavor 
to  form  a  connection  between  the  two  corps  ;  but  it  had  not 
gone  far  before  the  enemy  discovered  the  movement  and 
began  to  close  in  upon  its  rear  ;  by  that  time,  however,  it  had 
reached  Quarle's  Ford,  where  Crittenden,  from  the  north  side, 
was  preparing  to  cross,  and  Crawford's  division,  coming  along 
soon  after,  the  enemy  withdrew  further  down  to  their  position 
at  Ox  Ford. 

It  was  about  half-past  ten  when  the  NINTH  was  ordered 
to  march  ;  the  Twelfth  Massachusetts  was  deployed  as  skir 
mishers  in  front  of  the  brigade. 

O 

Crittenden's  division  of  the  Ninth  corps  struck  the  enemy 
first,  but  the  position  was  found  too  strong  for  to  carry  it,  and 
he  was  obliged  to  fall  back  after  suffering  severe  loss.  A  part 
of  Crawford's  division  was  also  encra^ed,  On  the  nVht  of  Crit- 

o     o  o 

tenden;  but  when  darkness  ended  the  engagement  the  enemy 
still  held  their   ground.      Potter   had    made  a  vigorous   attack 

o  o 

from  below,  but  he  too,  was  unsuccessful.     The  attacking  force 


344  TIIE    ^I^TII    NEW    YORK.  May 

had  no  artillery  on  the  tield,  while  the  enemy  was  strongly 
intrenched  and  well  supplied  with  field  guns.  During  the 
nicdit  the  NINTH  was  sent  out  to  strengthen*  the  front  line,  and 

o  o 

the  men  lay  upon  their  arms,  ready  for  any  emergency, 

At  four  o'clozk  in  the  morning  of  the  25:11,  the  NINTH 
moved  half  a  mile  or  so  to  the  left  of  where  the  niHit  had 

o 

been  spent,  and  when  line  of  battle  had  been  formed  the 
brigade  moved  forward,  driving  in  the  enemy's  skirmishers  till 
they  took  shelter  behind  their  works.  The  NINTH'S  loss  was 
one  killed  and  two  wounded.  Rifle-pits  and  breastworks 
were  now  thrown  up,  the  men  working  hard  all  day  to  render 
their  position  secure.  The  enemy  made  no  attempts  to  leave 
their  strong  position  and  attack  the  Union  forces,  but  acted 
purely  on  the  defensive.  During  the  day  other  portions  of 
the  army  were  busy  in  destroying  the  railroads  within  their 
reach.  Grant  had  learned  that  the  Confederate  army  had 
been  largely  reenforced,  and,  finding  that  he  could  not  pene 
trate  Lee's  lines  at  this  point,  resolved  upon  another  move 
ment  by  the  left  flank.  During  the  afternoon  the  orders 
were  issued,  and  after  dark  the  troops  began  to  recross  the 
river,  the  Sixth  corps  first,  followed  by  the  Fifth.  By  daylight 
of  the  2;th  the  Union  Army  was  on  the  march  towards  the 
Pamunkey,  a  river  formed  by  the  North  and  South  Annas, 
which  unite  eight  or  ten  miles  below  the  crossing  of  the  North 
Anna,  by  the  Fredericksburg  railroad.  At  night  the  NINTH 
bivouacked  at  Reedy  Creek,  eighteen  miles  from  Jericho 
Ford.  Grant's  headquarters  were  at  Maggahick  Church 
near  by. 

Little  has  been  said  about  the  operations  of  the  cavalry 
during  this  campaign,  but  it  should  be  borne  in  mind  that  the 
troopers,  under  Sheridan  and  his  able  lieutenants,  rendered 
most  important  services,  especially  during  these  flank  move 
ments  and  the  consequent  changes  of  base  of  the  Union 
Army.  Early  in  the  morning  of  the  28th  the  troops  were 
again  in  motion.  The  NINTH  passed  through  the  little 
hamlet  of  Maggahick,  and,  pushing  on  in  a  southeasterly 
direction,  struck  the  Pamunkey  near  Hanover  Town.  Pon- 


'S64  THE    PAMUNKEY    RIVER. 


345 


toons  were  laid,  the  cavalry  and  portions  of  the  infantry  were 
already  across,  and  when  the  Fifth  corps  went  over  it  formed 
the  left  of  the  Union  line,  the  Second  corps  being  in  the 
-center  and  the  Sixth  on  the  right.  The  Ninth  corps 
remained  on  the  north  bank  to  guard  the  immense  train  of 
over  four  thousand  wagons.  The  Army  of  the  Potomac  was 
again  on  the  Yorktown  Peninsula. 

The  Fifth  corps  was  formed  with  Crawford's  division  on 
the  left,  Cutler  in  the  center,  and  Griffin  on  the  rierht.  As 

o 

soon  as  the  troops  crossed  the  river  detachments  were  sent 
out  to  support  the  cavalry,  and  before  nightfall  the  NINTH  suc 
ceeded  in  capturing  some  sixty  prisoners,  and  that  without 
much  fighting,  or  any  loss  in  the  regiment.  The  prisoners 
captured  belonged  to  E well's  corps,  under  command  of  Gen 
eral  Jubal  A.  Early,  the  former  being  absent— sick.  As  soon 
as  a  line  had  been  established  for  the  night,  the  men  began, 
without  any  special  ciders,  to  throw  up  a  breastwork;  indeed, 
so  common  had  this  precautionary  measure  become,  that 
wherever  a  line  of  troops  halted  in  the  presence  of  the  enemy, 
the  position  was  secured  in  this  way.  The  ground  was 
familiar  to  many  in  the  army.  A  number  of,,regiments  in  the 
Fifth  corps  had  fought  at  Mechanicsville  in  1862,  and  the 
line  was  again  approaching  the  Chickahominy. 

Early  in  the  morning  of  the  2Qth  the  brigade  moved  off  to 
the  left  for  about  two  miles,  then  struck  the  Shady  Grove 
Church  turnpike  and  after  occupying  several  tentative  posi 
tions  during  the  day,  and  throwing  up  barricades  at  each  halt 
ing  place,  it  retired  two  miles  to  the  rear,  where  the  night  was 
spent.  During  the  day  the  Sixth  corps  had  prolonged  the 
right  of  the  line  to  near  Hanover  Court  House,  Hancock, 
with  the  Second  corps,  had  approached  Totopotomoy  Creek, 
while  a  portion  of  the  F;ifth  corps  had  crossed  that  stream. 
The  Union  line  faced  about  southwest. 

At  nine  o'clock  the  next  morning,  the  3Oth,  the  troops 
moved  forward  against  the  enemy,  who  was  believed  to  occupy 
a  line  parallel  with  the  Chickahominy,  and  but  a  short  distance 
away.  The  road  leading  to  Shady  Grove  Church  runs  almost 


346  THE    NINTH    NEW    YORK.  Mar 

due  east  and  west  at  the  point  where  Crawford's  division  spent 
the  night,  and,  crossing  this,  the  Mechanicsville  Road  was 
gained  and  the  enemy's  cavalry  skirmishers  driven  in.  The 
enemy  made  a  bold  attempt  to  get  in  on  the  left  flank  of  the 
Fifth  corps  ;  for  this  purpose  endeavored  to  regain  possession 
of  the  Mechanicsville  Pike,  but  the  Pennsylvania  Reserves 
were  sent  out  to  check  the  movement,  and,  upon  reaching  the 
vicinity  of  Bethescla  Church,  about  four  miles  from  Mechanics 
ville,  they  met  the  enemy,  and  a  fierce  encounter  was  the 
result.  Pea-ram's  brigade,  under  command  of  Colonel  Willis, 

o  £> 

Twelfth  Georgia,  charged  the  Reserves,  but  was  driven  back 
with  heavy  loss.  Supports  came  up  later  in  the  day,  and  the 
advanced  position  was  maintained  during  the  night.  Nearly 
three  miles  southeast  of  the  left  of  the  line  occupied  by  the 
infantry  of  the  Union  Army,  at  Cold  Harbor,  Sheridan's  cav 
alry  had  a  brisk  engagement  with  the  enemy's  troopers,  and  at 
night  held  the  field. 

There  was  but  little  fighting  during  the  3ist,  the  day  being 
occupied  in  strengthening  the  lines  and  making  reconnois- 
sances.  The  rival  pickets  were  active,  however,  and  probably 
at  no  time  during  the  campaign  was  there  so  much  sharp- 
shooting  indulged  in. 

Shortly  after  ten  o'clock  in  the  morning  of  June  ist,  the 
NINTH  was  deployed  as  skirmishers  and  ordered  to  advance 
towards  the  enemy,  for  the  purpose  of  developing  his  position. 
The  ground  was  most  unfavorable,  swampy,  and  covered  with 
tangled  brush.  Upon  reaching  firmer  ground,  the  enemy  were 
discovered  in  force,  who  charged  upon  the  skirmish  line,  driv 
ing  it  back  into  the  swamp,  but  the  Ninety-seventh  New  York, 
Colonel  Charles  Wheelock,  coming  up  to  the  support,  the 
enemy  were  in  turn  driven  back  to  their  intrenched  line. 
About  sundown  the  regiment  was  recalled.  Grant  had 
decided  that  the  line  of  the  Totopotomoy  was  too  well  forti 
fied  for 'him  to  force  his  way  through,  and  he  had  ordered 
another  movement  by  the  left,  towards  Cold  Harbor.  The 
march  was  begun  after  dark.  General  Warren  had  been 
ordered  to  the  new  line,  and  to  connect  his  left  with  the 


1864  BETHESDA    CHURCH    AND    COLD    HARBOR.  347 

Eighteenth  corps,  under  General  W.  F.  Smith,  which  was 
expected  to  arrive  on  the  field,  from  the  White  House,  during 
the  night. 

It  was  not  until  noon  of  the  2nd  that  the  Fifth  corps  reached 
the  position  assigned  it,  with  the  left  connecting  with  the 
Eighteenth  corps  at  Woody's,  about  a  mile  north  of  Cold  Har 
bor,  the  right  resting  near  Bethesda  Cnurch.  Meanwhile,  the 
Second  and  Sixth  corps  had  passed  down  by  the  rear  to  Cold 
Harbor  and  held  that  important  position,  the  Second  on  the 
left  of  the  Sixth,  while  the  cavalry  moved  further  to  the  left 
and  front,  towards  the  Chickahominy.  The  Ninth  corps  was 
on  the  extreme  right,  beyond  Bethesda  Church.  More  or  less 
fighting  occu red  at  various  points  of  the  long  line  while  these 
movements  were  being  made  ;  the  NINTH  was  on  the  skirmish 
line,  actively  engaged,  and  lost  three  killed  and  twelve 
wounded.  The  clay  had  been  intensely  hot,  the  troops  were 
much  worn  out  by  the  fatigues  of  the  march,  and  Grant 
decided  to  wait  till  daylight  the  next  morning  before  making 
any  serious  attack. 

The  3rd  of  June  opened  hot  and  sultry,  the  rain  of  the 
previous  afternoon  cooling  the  atmosphere  but  little.  Shortly 
after  daylight  the  battle  began  on  the  left,  the  Second,  Sixth 
and  Eighteenth  corps  becoming  actively  engaged.  The 
advance  lines  of  the  enemy's  works  were  gallantly  carried,  but 
when  the  main  line  of  fortifications  was  reached  the  assault  was 
checked.  On  the  front  of  the  Fifth  and  Ninth  corps  the  fight 
ing  was  less  bloody;  Warren's  line  was  too  extended  for  offen 
sive  operations,  and  only  Griffin's  division  was  moved  against  the 
enemy's  works.  While  on  the  skirmish  line,  close  to  the 
enemy,  and  holding  the  position  assigned  it,  the  NINTH  lost 
several  killed  and  wounded.  By  reason  of  other  movements 
along  the  line  the  enemy  withdrew  his  troops  in  front  of  the 
division,  at  about  four  o'clock  in  the  afternoon,  and  the  NINTH 
advanced  to  a  new  line,  where  breastworks  were  thrown  up, 
behind  which  the  night  was  spent.  The  regiment  remained 
here  during  the  4th,  also,  and  one  man  was  killed,  the  last 
casualty  during  the  three  years'  service  of  the  NINTH. 


348  THE    NINTH    NEW    YORK.  June 

Beiovv  will  be  found  as  complete  a  list  of  the  killed,  or  died 
of  wounds,  and  number  of  wounded  during  the  campaign,  as 
it  has  been  possible  to  obtain.  It  foots  up  two  hundred  and 
fifty-seven,  but  Major  Williamson's  account  makes  it  two  hun 
dred  and  ninety  ;  his,  however,  does  not  give  any  names  of 
either  the  killed  or  wounded. 


LOSSES    IN    THE     NINTH     FROM    MAY    STH    TO 

JUNE  4TH,   1864. 

OFFICERS  KILLED. 

Colonel  Joseph  A.  Moesch  ;  Capt.  John  M.  K.  Connolly,  Co. 
A ;  Lieut.  Charles  M.  Reynolds,  Co.  D. 

OFFICERS  WOUNDED. 

Adjutant  Henry  P.  Clare  ;  Capt.  Henry  Ferret  and  First 
Lieut.  Henry  Muncke,  Co.  B;  Capt.  Fred  Guyer,  Co.  D; 
First  Lieut.  Henry  E.  Buermeyer,  Co.  F  ;  First  Lieut.  Wil 
liam  S.  Morris  and  Second  Lieut.  Frank  F.  Carter,  Co.  G  ; 
First  Lieut.  Benjamin  F.  Bowne,  Co.  I  ;  Capt.  John  I.  Van 
Alst,  Jr.,  Co.  L. 

ENLISTED  MEN. 

Company  A. 

Killed  :  Sergeant  Fred.  Kirchet  ;  Corporal  Edward  Me 
Grath  ;  Privates,  Israel  Amond,  James  Clark,  John  Cross,  and 
Hiram  C.  Thayer.  Wounded,  17. 

Company  B. 

Killed  :  Sergeant  Charles  H.  Barker  ;  Corporal  William 
Kreimler  ;  Privates.  Silas  Crowinshield,  William  H.  McNaugh- 
ton,  Archibald  Thompson.  Wounded,  18. 

Company   C. 

Killed  :  Privates,  August  D.  C.  Guild,  Levi  Havens,  John 
Miller,  Daniel  Osborne,  Luther  Peck,  and  George  Shafer. 
Wounded,  16 


1864  LOSSES    IX    THE    CAMPAIGN.  349 

Company  D. 

Killed  :  Corporal's  \V infield  S.  Wyckoff  and  William  Hood  ; 
Privates,  James  B.  Barton,  George  H.  Grossman,  John  English, 
Isaac  Heath,  John  T.  Newling,  Alexander  View,  and  John  D. 
Wickham.  Wounded.  22. 

Company  E. 

Killed  :  Sergeant  William  Henderson  ;  Corporal  Thomas 
Moore;  Privates,  John  H.  Caldwell,  Thomas  Cuzzen,  Herman 
Ellison,  and  Daniel  F.  Gillett.  W'ounded,  17, 

Company  F. 

Killed  :  Sergeant  Archibald  Penny  ;  Privates,  Jeremiah 
Crowley,  Phillip  Gabell,  Peter  Peters,  and  Charles  Rubio. 
Wounded,  18. 

Company   G.  » 

Killed  :  Corporal  George  W.  Topping ;  Privates,  David 
Barbour,  John  B.  Foster,  Conrad  Krowle,  John  Rivers,  and 
James  Sherman.  Wounded,  20. 

Company  H. 

Killed  :  Privates;  William  Aston,  Alexander  Beus,  Ferdi 
nand  Fohrman,  John  Martin,  Amos  Myatt,  and  Thomas 
Trigg.  Wounded,  14. 

Company  I. 

Killed:  Corporal  George  Bodenmiller ;  Privates,  Anable 
Farley,  John  Hess,  Michael  Martin,  Joacham  Maurice,  Henry 
Montgomery,  Raphael  Poissant,  and  Peter  Treddo.  Wounded, 
22. 

Company  L. 

Killed  :  Sergeant  Benjamin  F.  Douglass  ;  CorporalGeorge 
Bunte  ;  Privates,  William  E.  Allen,  John  Clarke,  Thomas  Kerr, 
Jacob  Lober,  and  Benjamin  J.  Montey.  Wounded,  19. 

The  official  account  of  the  losses  in  the  Union  Army  from 
the  Wilderness  to  the  James  River,  as  given  by  Colonel 
Robert  N.Scott  (Editor  of  The  Official  Records  of  the  War 
of  the  Rebellion^,  in  1886,  are  as  follows  : 


35° 


THE    NINTH    NEW    YORK. 


Jure 


KILLED. 

WOUNDED. 

CAPTURED 
OR 
MISSING. 

TOTAL. 

\Vilclerness   

2,246 

12,037 

3,383 

17,666 

Spottsylvania    

2,725 

13,416 

2.258 

18.^00 

North  Anna  and  Totopotomoy  .  . 
Cold  Harbor  

591 

1,844 

2,734 
9,077 

66  1 

1,816 

3,986 
12.7V7 

Sheridan's  Kxpeditions           .... 

214 

1,078 

849 

2,14.1 

Total  

7,620 

38,342 

8.967 

54.Q2Q 

The  8th  of  the  month,  the  end  of  the  three  years'  term  of 
the  regiment  was  drawing  near.     A  number  of  regiments,  whose 

O  O  O 

time  had  expired  during  the  campaign,  had  left  for  their 
homes,  the  members  that  had  not  served  out  their  term  of 
enlistment  being  transferred  to  other  regiments  from  the  same 
State.  On  the  morning  of  the  5th,  at  half-past  four  o'clock, 
the  NINTH  was  withdrawn  from  the  front  line,  thence  march 
ing  to  the  right  and  rear  for  about  a  mile.  Orders  were  then 
given  to  prepare  the  muster-out  rolls  and  discharge  papers. 
Near  midnight,  however,  the  men  were  ordered  into  line  again, 
and  the  march  continued  towards  the  south,  or  left  of  the 
line,  for  about  six  miles,  where  a  halt  was  made,  and  at  day 
light  of  the  6th  work  on  the  rolls  was  resumed.  The  whole 
day  was  occupied  in  this  work,  and  while  the  company  clerks 
were  busy  writing,  the  men,  with  little  else  to  do,  walked  about 
the  bivouac  chatting  together  ;  those  who  were  to  return  home 

o  o 

happy  and  cheerful,  and  with  the  satisfaction  of  knowing  that 
they  had  served  their  country  faithfully  for  three  years,  and 
were  now  entitled  to  an  honorable  discharge. 

The  register  of  officers  present  at  this  date  was  as  follows  : 
Lieut.-Col.  William  Chalmers  ;  Major  Henry  V.  William 
son  ;  Adjutant  Henry  P.  Clare  ;  Acting  Quartermaster  John 
B.  Dolan  ;  Surgeon  Charles  J.  Nordquist  ;  Captains  Hub- 
bard,  Jacobs,  Thorne,  and  Whitney  ;  Lieutenants,  Barnum, 
Butler,  Hirst,  Howard,  McCort,  Moore,  Munson,  and  Page;  a 
total  of  seventeen. 

Seventy-five    of    the   enlisted    men   present  had  also   com 
pleted  their  term  of  service,  and  with  the  officers  made  ninety- 


"SIXTH"  NEW  YORK 

STATE-MILITIA 

1861-1864 

No.  1 


Wl.ilc  Oik  t'f 

edericksburg 


CAMPAIGNS 

or  THE 

"NINTH"  NEW  YORK 

STATE-MILITIA 
1861-1864 


These  Maps 
Compiled  From  Official  Sources 


WILLIAM  TODD. 


1864  BOUND    FOR    HOME.  35! 

two  who  left  the  field  for  home.  As  already  stated,  the  NINTH 
entered  the  campaign  with  a  total  strength  of  five  hundred  and 
fifteen  ;  two  hundred  and  fifty-seven  have  been  accounted  for 
as  killed  or  wounded,  and  these  with  the  ninety-two  entitled  to 
a  discharge  would  leave  One  hundred  and  sixty-six  ;  but  the 
loss  by  capture,  and  a  few  desertions,  reduced  the  number 
actually  transferred  to  the  Ninety-seventh  New  York,  below 
these  figures.  It  has  been  found  impracticable  to  obtain  the 
record  of  these  transferred  men,  except  of  four  who  were  com 
missioned  in  that  regiment — Captain  John  J.  Kelly,  and 
Lieutenants,  William  Black,  Joseph  B.  Davis,  and  Augustus 
W.  Meade. 

At  five  o'clock  in  the  afternoon  of  the  7th  the  NINTH 
started  for  White  House  Landing,  covering  the  fifteen  miles 
by  eleven  o'clock,  and  at  ten  o'clock  the  next  morning  the 
transport  Emily  was  boarded,  the  vessel  soon  after  steaming 
down  the  Pamunkey  and  then  up  the  Potomac.  The  trip  was 
much  enjoyed,  the  men  spending  the  time  in  singing  and  chat 
ting  about  the  good  time  they  expected  to  enjoy  upon  reach 
ing  home.  At  four  o'clock  in  the  afternoon  of  the  gth,  the 
regiment  landed  at  Washington,  and  at  once  marched  to  pay 
their  respects  to  General  Robinson,  who  was  slowly  recover 
ing — with  the  loss  of  a  leg — from  the  effects  of  the  wound 
received  at  the  battle  of  Laurel  Hill.  The  Soldier's  Rest 
then  received  the  men,  where  a  hearty  supper  was  enjoyed  ;  the 
officers,  meanwhile,  dining  royally  at  "  Brown's."  The  next 
day  was  spent  in  "  brushing  up,"  preparatory  to  leaving  on  the 
cars  for  New  York.  At  seven  o'clock  in  the  evening  line  was 
formed  with  ninety-two  officers  and  enlisted  men,  and  at  ten 
minutes  past  eight  the  train  moved  out.  Jersey  City  was 
reached  at  seven  o'clock  the  next  morning,  the  i  ith. 


352  THE    NINTH    NEW    YORK.  June 


CHAPTER  XIX. 

HOME  AGAIN. 

The  NINTH  Arrives  in  New  York. — The  Reception. — Banquet  at  the  St.  Nicholas 
Hotel. — "  Return  of  the  Regiment,"  1'oein. — Register  of  Officers  and  Number  of 
Men  at  Muster  out. — List  of  Battles  and  Losses  Therein. — Register  of  Brigade, 
Division,  Corps  and  Army  Commanders,  and  Generals-in-chief. — Register  of 
Commissioned  Officers  and  Enlisted-men  who  were  Promoted  From  the  NINTH. 

T2EFORE  leaving  Washington  a  telegram  had  been  received 
from  a  representative  of  the  members  and  ex-members  of 
the  regiment,  then  in  New  York,  desiring  to  know  the  hour 
at  which  the  regiment  would  reach  Jersey  City,  as  those  at 
home  wished  to  provide  an  escort  to  the  returning  braves; 
a  reply  was  forwarded,  but  not  a  familiar  face  greeted  the  regi 
ment  at  the  Jersey  City  station.  After  waiting  a  reasonable 
time  line  was  formed  and  the  regiment  boarded  the  ferry-boat. 
Upon  reaching  New  York  the  NINTH  marched  up  Cortlandt 
street  to  Broadway,  thence  to  the  City  Hall  Park,  where  the 
committee  on  reception  was  met. 

From  the  columns  of  the   Mercury,   of  June,    I2th  the  fol 
lowing  account  is  taken  : 

THE  RETURNING  VETERANS. 

RECEPTION  OF  THE  NINTH  N.  Y.  N.  G. 

The  regiment  reached  this  city  yesterday  morning  about  nine  o'clock  having,  pres 
ent,  all  told,  seventy-eight  men  and  seventeen  officers.  Altogether,  counting  the  orig 
inal  strength,  and  the  additions  made  by  recruiting,  the  regiment  has  had  nearly  2,300 
men,  of  these  something  over  a  hundred  were  left  in  the  field,  to  serve  out  their  unex- 
pired  term.  Thus  it  will  be  seen  that  the  fatal  campaigns  in  which  this  command  has 
participated,  have  taken  off  not  much,  if  any,  short  of  2,100  men — a  brilliant  and  yet 
fearful  history.  Of  course,  of  these  many  have  been  sick,  or  wounded,  but  several  hun 
dred  have  died  either  in  battle  or  from  the  effect  of  wounds. 

The  following  is  a  list  of  the  present  officers,  who  returned  with  the  regiment. 

Lieut. -Colonel  Wm.  Chalmers. 

Major  Henry  V.  Williamson. 


1864  AGAIN    IN     \K\V     YORK    CITY.  353 

Adjutant  Henry  P.  Clare. 
Acting  Quartermaster  John  B.  Dolan. 
Surgeon  Chas.  J.  Nordquist. 

Captains,  Cyrus  C.  Hubbard,  Jacob  Jacobs,  Lawrence  M.  Whitney,  and 
Thomas  \V.  Thorne. 

First  Lieutenants,  Thomas  W.  Howard,  Frank  Page,  Geo.  O.  Hirst,  and  Henry  C. 
Barn  urn. 

Second  Lieutenants,  John  I).  Moore,  J.  Fred  Munson,  Augustus  P.  Butler,  and 
John  W.  McCort. 

The  procession  formed  in  the  following  order  : 

Squad  of  Police. 

Band. 

Sixth  Company  (Caotain  Joseph  B.  Young),  Seventh  Regiment,    N.    V.   N.  G, 

acting  as  escort. 

Band. 
Ex-members  of  the  NINTH  Regiment  and  friends  of  the  command,  in  citizens  dress. 

NINTH  Regiment  Drum  Corps. 
.     NINTH  Regiment,  N.  Y.  N.  G. 

Police. 

The  procession  passed  through  the  principal  streets,  and  was  reviewed  by  Mayor 
Gunther,  and  the  Common  Council. 

In  front  of  the  delegation  of  ex-members  and  citizens  was  borne  a  banner  upon 
which  was  inscribed  the  many  battles  in  which  the  regiment  has  participated. 

Everywhere  the  veterans  were  greeted  with  kindness,  and  enthusiasm,  and  though 
crowds  did  not  line  Broadway,  as  usual,  the  demonstrations  were,  under  the  circum 
stances  creditable. 

The  regiment  returned  to  the  "  City  Guard  "  Armory,  where  a  cold  collation  was 
served  up  to  the  men,  prepared  by  the  direction  of  the  friends  of  the  regiment ;  at  the 
close  of  which  the  men  were  but  too  happy  to  embrace  their  friends  at  home,  and  left 
without  waiting  for  the  after-dinner  speeches. 

Very  unfortunately  the  Legislature  practically  prohibited  the  proper  reception  of 
this  gallant  command,  by  striking  out  the  appropriation  designed  for  such  purposes. 

After  waiting  until  nearly  noon  for  the  promised  escort, 
the  regiment  started  to  march  up  Broadway  without  one,  but, 
when  near  Franklin  Street,  the  long  expectant  column 
appeared,  headed  by  Neyer's  band. 

A  number  of  wounded  officers,  among  whom  were  Captain 
Van  Alst,  and  Lieutenant's  Bowne,  Buermeyer  and  Carter, 
with  some  twenty  enlisted  men,  joined  in  this  "  Home  from 
the  War  "  parade. 

After  some  little  time  spent  in  extending  congratulations 
to  the  survivors,  the  NINTH  was  given  the  post  of  honor  in 
the  column,  and  the  march  continued  up  Broadway,  to  Bond 
Street,  to  the  Bowery,  to  Fourteenth  Street,  to  Broadway, 


354  T1IE    NINTH    NEW    YORK.  June 

and  thence  to  the  Armory  of  the  City  Guard  (Company  C, 
of  the  NINTH),  which  had  been  tendered  the  Veterans  as 
Headquarters  until  the  regiment  was  mustered  out 

A  bountiful  collation  was  found  ready  spread  for  the 
refreshment  of  the  guests,  and  every  one  present  did  ample 
justice  to  the  feast.  As  the  eating  and  drinking  progressed, 
the  annoyance  produced  by  the  non-appearance  of  the  escort 
at  the  proper  time  passed  from  the  minds  of  the  NINTH,  and, 
before  the  feast  ended,  hearty  cheers  were  given  for  Company 
H  of  the  Seventh,  the  City  Guard,  the  ex-members,  and  all 
concerned  in  the  reception. 

While  awaiting  the  final  ceremony  of  muster-out  the  men 
were  allowed  to  go  to  their  homes,  but  required  to  report 
every  day  and  answer  to  roll-call.  Meanwhile  their  friends 
got  up  a  reception  in  their  honor,  which  was  tendered  on  the 
evening  of  the  2ist,  at  the  St.  Nicholas  Hotel.  Ex-Colonel 
Van  Beuren  presided  at  the  table,  and  was  ably  supported  by 
the  Committee  of  Arrangements — Messrs.  Fisher,  Braine, 
Lanning,  Draper  and  King.  After  discussing  an  elaborate 
bill  of  fare,  speaking,  singing,  and  social  intercourse  succeeded. 
Following  is  a  poem,  written  in  honor  'of  the  occasion,  by 
Major  J.  Woodruff  Lewis,  and  read  at  the  banquet : 

RETURN  OF  THE  REGIMENT. 


Do  you  forget 

The  crowd  that  met 
Three  years  ago — historic  years  ? 

Marching  along, 

A  patriot  throng, 
Gath'ring  with  loud  hurrahs  and  cheers  ; 

The  music  of  bands, 

The  grasping  of  hands, 

The  partings,  freighted  with  hopes  and  fears, 
The  waving  of  scarfs,  and  love's  bright  tears, 
While  under  the  flag  each  heart  reveres. 

Gay  as  the  day, 

In  sunny  Broadway, 

Our  gallant  boys  went  marching  along — 
"  Off  to  the  war  " — one  thousand  strong. 


BANQUET     AT    THE    ST.    NICHOLAS.  355 

II. 

We  then  all  thought. 

That  e'er  we  fought 
One-third  three  years  the  war  would  end, 

One  battle's  rush, 

We  thought,  would  crush    ' 
It  out  and  send  us  home  again  ! 

Twas  not  to  be, 

For  "  Strategy  " 

Just  then  was  "  chief,  "  and  to  extend 
His  lines  remote  and  there  defend. 
He'd  march  twice  'round  to  gain  the  end  ! 

Putting  a  cordon 

'Round  the  rebel  Jordan, 
\Vas  mere  child's  play  for  old  Strategy,  then, 
In  the  clays  \ve  numbered  a  thousand  men  ! 

in. 

Ah  nevermore 

Upon  Time's  shore, 
Will  march  that  thousand  strong  in  life ! 

The  gallant  few 

To-night  with  you, 
Speak  silently  of  deadly  strife, 

Of  Southern  sun, 

Of  battles  won. 

Where,  next  the  foe,  our  banners  stream- 
Symbols  of  Hope  for  Freedom's  realm — 
AsCiod's  avenging  lightnings  gleam  ! 

"  Charge  " — from  throat 

And  bugle  note — 

Hushed  the  breath  and  fix'd  the  eye — 
"  Forward,"  to  death  or  victory. 

IV. 

Where  muskets'  flash, 
And  cannon's  crash. 
Made  grimmest  music  sink  and  swell. 

Nor  could  arrest 

Our  boys  who  prest 
Through  withering  storms  of  shot  and  shell, 

And  clashing  steel 

And  peal  on  peal. 

That  smites,  and  shrills,  and  shrieks  a  knell, 
While  files  closed  up,  as  comrades  fell, 
Midst  sighs  and  groans,  and  wild  farewell, 

On  through  breath 

Of  cannon's  death, 

Through  "  white,  infernal  powder  cloud  " — • 
A  warp  and  woof  for  battle-shroud. 


356  THE    NINTH    NEW    YORK.  jime 

v. 

We  turn  his  flanks, 

His  shattered  ranks 

Refuse  to  rally — begin  to  yield, 

,  And  swooping  past 

His  batteries  blast, 
We  storm  his  works  and  sweep  the  field. 

The  battle's  won — 

The  day  our  own — 
The  musketry  dies  slowly  out ; 
Our  Horse  pursue  the  flying  few, 
And  ends  the  day  by  total  rout. 

Night  follows  day, 

Tears,  victory  ! 

In  one  such  hour  of  deadly  strife 
Compress  ten  years  of  peaceful  life. 

VI. 

Green  on  the  wall 

Of  memory's  hall 

Twine  garlands  of  myrtle  and  laurel  for  those 
Pass'd  through  the  pale  door 

Of  bright  evermore, 
For  they  fell  as  they  fought — each  face  to  the  foe's. 

Silent  the  drum, 

And  rusty  the  sword. 

But  down  History's  aisles,  in  the  future  appears. 
Names — looking  dim  thro'  the  mist  of  our  tears, — • 
Yet  glowing  as  martyrs'  immortal  with  years. 

In  silence  the  glass 

To  their  memory  pass  ; 
Another — a  bumper — and  with  it  a  cheer — 
Let  us  give  to  the  battle-scarred  veterans  here  ! 

The  principal  muster-out  took  place  on  June  2$d,  Captain 
Henry  A.  Ellis,  Seventeenth  U.  S.  Inf.,  being  the  mustering 
officer.  By  this  time  a  number  of  officers  and  enlisted  men, 
who  had  been  absent, — wounded,  sick,  or  on  detached  service, 
—had  joined  the  regiment,  which,  together  with  the  Battery,— 
Company  K — the  NINTH,  with  pardonable  pride,  still  claiming 
that  as  part  of  the  regiment, — raised  the  number  finally  mus 
tered  out  to  two  hundred  and  fifty-four.  The  companies  were 
not  all  mustered-otit  at  the  same  time,  however,  the  origi 
nal  members  of  the  Battery  were  mustered  out  on  the  2Oth, 


1864  THH    MUSTER    OUT.  357 

but  filled  up  by  recruits  and  transfers  from  the  Tenth  N.  Y. 
Battery,  that  company  remained  in  service  till  July  8,  1865. 
Companies  A,  B,  C,  D,  E,  F,  G,  and  H  were  mustered  out 
on  the  23d,  while  the  members  of  Company  I,  were  indi 
vidually  discharged  in  the  months  of  July  and  August,  and 
those  of  Company  L  in  September. 

The  names  of  the  officers,  and  strength  of  the  several  com 
panies,  are  here  given  as  upon  the  date  of  muster-out. 

REGISTER   AT   THE    MUSTER    OUT. 

FIELD  AND  STAFF. 

Lieut-Col.  William  Chalmers,  Major  Henry  V.  William 
son,  Surgeon  Charles  J.  Nordquist,  Adjutant  Henry  P.  Clare. 
Quartermaster  A.  Martin  Burtis.  Total,  5. 

NON-COMMISSIONED  STAFF. — c. 

J  i 

COMPANIES. 

Co.  A. —  ist  Lieut.  John  B.  Dolan,  2nd  Lieut.  John  D. 
Moore,  and  10  men.  Total,  12. 

Co.  B. — Capt.  Henry  Ferret,  ist  Lieut.  Frederick  Muric- 
ke,  and  16  men.  Total,  18. 

Co.  C. — Capt.  Cyrus  C.  Hubbard,  ist  Lieut.  George  O. 
Hirst,  2d  Lieut.  J.  Fred.  Munson,  and  8  men.  Total,  11. 

Co.  D.  —  ist  Lieut.  Frank  I.  Page,  and  11  men.     Total,  12. 

Co.  E. — Capt.  Lawrence  M.  Whitney,  ist  Lieut.  Thomas 
W.  Howard,  2nd  Lieut.  E.  Franklin  Jordan,  and  13  men.  Total, 
1 6. 

Co.  F. — Capt.  Jacob  Jacobs,  ist  Lieut.  Henry  E.  Buer- 
meyer,  2nd  Lieut.  Robert  F.  Cooke,  and  17  men.  Total,  20. 

Co.  G. — Capt.  Thomas  W.  Thome,  ist  Lieut.  William  S. 
Morris,  2nd  Lieut.  Frank  F.  Carter,  and  14  men.  Total,  17. 

Co.  H. — ist  Lieut.  Henry  C.  Barnum,  2nd  Lieut  Augustus 
P.  Butler,  and  22  men.  Total,  24. 

Co.  I. — ist  Lieut.  Benjamin  F.  Bowne,  2nd  Lieut.  John  W. 
McCort,  and  17  men.  Total,  19. 


,58 


THE    NINTH    NEW    YORK. 


June 


Co.  K. — Capt.  Moses  P.  Clark,  ist  Lieut.  J.  Wade  Wilson, 
2nd  Lieut.  Arthur  J.  Dear,  and  78  men.  Total,  81.* 

Co.  L. — Capt.  John  I  Van  Alst,  Jr.,  ist  Lieut.  Thomas  W. 
Higgs,  and  10  men.  Total,  12. 

Captains  William  J.  Barnes,  Co.  I,  and  Frederick  Guyer, 
Co.  D — total  2 — and  a  number  of  enlisted  men,  whose  term  of 
service  had  expired,  were  still  held  as  prisoners  of  war. 

The  number  mustered  out,  including  the  battery  company, 
was  two  hundred  and  fifty-four.  The  total  number  on  the  regi 
mental  rolls,  including  seven  hundred  and  forty-eight  drafted 
men,  or  substitutes,  was  two  thousand  two  hundred  and  seventy 
eight. 

Three  years  and  twenty-seven  days  was  the  actual  time  the 
NINTH  had  served  in  the  U.  S.  Army.  One  fond  of  statistics 
eives  the  number  of  miles  marched  by  the  regiment  during 

«t>  J  <->  o 

that  time,  as  fallows  :  1861,  two  hundred  and  sixty-one  ;  1862, 
seven  hundred  and  thirty-nine  ;  1863,  six  hundred  and  ninety- 
four;  1864,  one  hundred  and  seventy  four.  Total,  one  thou 
sand  eight  hundred  and  sixty-eight  miles. 

CASUALTIES. 


OFFICERS. 

ENLISTED 
MEN. 

TOTAL. 

Killed  o 

r  Mortally  Wounded  

8 

i;6 

164. 

Died  of 

Disease,  Accident,  etc  

2 

78 

80 

Died  in 

Confederate  Prisons  .    . 

17 

17 

10 

251 

261 

*  27  of  this  number  were  mustered  out  June  20,  1864. 
54  of  this  number  were  mustered  out  July  8,  1865. 


1 864 


THE    BATTLES    AND    LOSSES. 


559 


ENGAGED  IN  THE  BATTLES  OK 

Kl  I.I.KI) 
A  N  I  ) 
DIED    OF 
WOUNDS. 

WOUNDED. 

MISSING. 

TOTAL. 

Harper's  Ferry,  Va.,  July  4,  1861        

-, 

2 

A 

Cedar  Mountain,  Va.,  Au<£.  9,  1862  

I 

--> 

I 

A 

Thoroughfare  Gap,  Va.,  Aug.  28,  1862.  .  .  . 
2nd  Bull  Run,  Va..  Aug.  30,  1862  

I  2 

-> 

21 

5 

7 
76 

South  Mountain,  Md.,  Sept.  14,  1862 

I 

I 

2 

Antietam,  Md.,  Sept.  17,  1862 

23 

88 

^ 

I  Id 

Fredericksburg,  Va.,  Dec.  11-15,  '862..    .  . 
Fitzhugh's  Crossing,  Va.,  Apr.  29-30,  1863 
Chance  llorsville,  Va.,  May  1-4,  1863  
Gettysburg,  Pa.,  July  1-4.  1863  

35 

7 

89 

i 

18 

6 

.. 

i 

58 

130 
i 

4 
83 

Mine  Run,  Va.,  Nov.  28,  1863  
Wilderness,  Va.,  May  5-7,  1864.                   i 

I 

29 

30 

Laurel  Hill,  Va.,  May  8,  1864  

69 

17  > 

20 

262 

Spottsylvania,  Va.,  May  9-13,  1864  ^ 

Bethesda  Church  and  Cold  Harbor,  Va..  / 
June  1-4,  1864     \ 

6 

9 

. 

'5 

Battery  s  Engagements  to  July,  1865 

8 

I  T. 

- 

26 

' 

Asrtrretrate.  . 

164 

A2T. 

171 

758 

PRESENT  ALSO  AT  THE  KOI.:. OWING  P.ATTLES. 
Rappahannock,  Va.,  Aug.  20-23,  1862. 
Chantilly,  Va..  Sept.    I,  1862. 
North  Anna,  Va.,  May  23-27,  1864. 

REGISTER  OF  THE  COMMANDERS  UNDER  WHOM 
THE   NINTH  SERVED  FROM   1861   TO   1864. 

REGIMENTAL, 

Col.  Jxo.  \V.  STILES  ;  Lt.-Col.  WM.  H.  HALLICK  ;  Major 
ALLAN  RUTHERFORD;  Lt.-Col.  WM.  ATTERBURV  ;  Col.  JNO. 
HEXDRICKSOX  ;  Major  DABNEV  W.  DIGGS  ;  Col.  JOSEPH  A. 
MOESCH  ;  Major  HENRY  V.  WILLIAMSON  ;  Lt.-Col.  WM. 
CHALMERS. 

BRIGADE. 

Brig.-Gen.  CHAS.  P.  STONE  ;  Brig. -Gen.  CHAS.  S.  HAMILTON  ; 
Col.  JOHN  W.  STILES;  Brig.-Gen.  J.  J.  ABERCROMBIE  ;  Brig.- 
Gen.  GEO.  L  HARTSUFF;  Col.  RICHARD  COULTER;  .Brig.-Gen. 
NELSON  TAYLOR;  Col.  SAMUEL  H.  LEONARD;  Brig.-Gen. 
HENRY  BAXTER;  Col.  JAMES  L.  BATES. 

DIVISION. 
Maj.-Gen.    ROBT.    PATTERSON  ;   Brig.-Gen.   E.    O.   C.  ORD  ; 


360  Tin:  xi.vni   NEW   YORK.  June 

Brig. -Gen.  JAS.  B.  RICKETTS;  Brig.-Gen.  JOHN  GIBBON;  Brig.- 
Gen.  JOHN  C.  ROBINSON;  Brig.-Gen.  JAS.  WADSWORTH;  Brig.- 
Gen.  SAML.  W.  CRAWFORD;  Brig.-Gen.  HENRY  L.  LOCKWOOD. 

CORPS. 

Maj.-Gen.  N.  P.  BANKS;  Maj.-Gen.  IRVIN  McDowELL ; 
Maj.-Gen.  Jos.  HOOKER  ;  Maj.-Gen.  JNO.  F.  REYNOLDS;  Maj.- 
Gen.  JNO.  NEWTON  ;  Maj.-Gen.  G.  K.  WARREN. 

ARMY. 

Maj.-Gen.  JOHN  POPE;  Maj.-Gen.  GEO.  B.  MCCLELLAN; 
Maj.-Gen.  A.  E.  BURNSIDE;  Maj.-Gen.  Jos.  HOOKER;  Maj.- 
Gen.  GEO.  G  MEADE. 

GENERAI.S-IN  C IIIEF. 

Lt.-Genl.  WIXFIELD  S^orr;  Maj.-Genl.  GEO.  B.  Mc.- 
CLELLAN  ;  Maj.-Genl.  HENRY  W.  HALLECK  ;  Lieut.-Genl.  U. 
S.  GRANT. 

REGISTER  OF  OFFICERS  PROMOTED  FROM. 

The  folloiving  members  of  the  NINTH  accepted  promotion  in 
tfie  organizations  named* 

CHARLES  H.  ANDERSON,  Private  Co.  C,  appointed   2nd  Lieut. 

i68th  N.  Y.   Vols.  Jan.  20;   ist  Lieut,  and  Quartermaster 

July  i  ;   mustered  out  Oct  31,  1863. 
EDWARD  O.    BAKER,    Corporal  Co.  A,   appointed    ist    Lieut. 

i32nd    N.    Y.    Vols.    Jan.     19,    1862;  resigned    April    18, 

1863. 
CHARLES  W.  BANCROFT,  Private  Co.  L,  appointed  2nd  Lieut. 

6th  N.  Y.  Art.  May  17  ;  resigned  Oct.  25,  1864. 
EDWARD  L.  BARNES,  Private  Co.  F,   appointed    ist  Lieut,  and 

Adjutant   95th    N.  Y.    Vols.    Jan.     14  ;    wounded    at    the 

Battle  of  South  Mountain  ;  resigned  Dec.  17,  1862. 
EDWARD  H.  BECKER,  Private  Co.  F,   appointed  ist    Lieut.  7th 

*  It  has  been  found  impossible  to  trace  to  what  organization  forty-nine  members 
were  promoted  to,  the  \var-reginiental  books,  and  papers,  having  been  all  lost,  also, 
most  of  those  of  the  companies. 


1864  PROMOTED    FROM.  361 

N.  Y.  Vols.    April  26;    Captain,  Aug.  27,    1861  ;  killed  at 

the  Battle  of  Frederickburg,  Dec.  13,  1862. 
MATTHEW  BELL,  Private  Co.  C,  appointed  2nd  Lieut.  7th  N.  Y. 

Art.    Aug.    19,    1862;    ist    Lieut.,  Feb.    29;  died   at   Fort 

Reno,  D.  C.,  April  12,  1864. 
LEONARD  W.  BENHAM,  Sergeant  Co.    D,  appointed    ist   Lieut. 

79th  U.  S.  Col.  Troops  -          -  ;  transferred  to  82nd  U.  S. 

C.  T.  as  Adjutant  April  29,   1863  ;   resigned  June  9,  1864; 

appointed  ist   Lieut.  2nd    U.  S.    Vet.  Res.  Corps  -       — , 

1864;  resigned  Feb.  28,  1866. 
PETER  R.  BIE(;EL,  Private   Co.    K,  appointed   2nd   Lieut.  i4th 

N.  Y.  Cav.  March  14,  1862  ;  missing  April  — ,  1863  ;  sup 
posed  killed. 
WILLIAM    BLACK,    Sergeant    Co.  I,    appointed  2nd    Lieut.  Co.' 

G.  97th  N.  Y.  Yols.   Aug.  6,  1864  ;    honorably  discharged 

June  28,  1865. 
HENRY     BREVOORT,  Private     Co.    G,    appointed     2nd    Lieut. 

4th    Mo.    Cav.  Sept.  — ,  186%  ;    ist    Lieut,   Jan.   9,  1862; 

staff  officer  to    Gen.    P.   J.  Qsterhaus  ;   resigned   July  22, 

1863. 
GEORGE  J.    BREWER,    Private    Co.    H,   appointed    2nd    Lieut. 

ist  Maine  Art.  Jan.  — ,  1862  ;  resigned  Jan.  13,  1865. 
CHARLES   H.    H.  BROOM,  Private  Co.  F,  appointed    2nd  Lieut. 

57th   N.  Y.   Yols.  Sept.  4,  1861  ;   ist  Lieut,   and  Quarter 
master,  Aug.  30,  1862  ;  mustered  out  Dec.  2,  1864. 
GEORGE  W.  BROWN,  Private  Co.  K,  appointed  2nd  Lieut.  57th 

N.  Y.  Vols.  Jan.  23  ;  resigned  June  14,  1862. 
WARD    BUNTING,    Sergeant      Co.   K,  appointed    2nd     Lieut. 

1 6th  West  Va.    Vols.    Sept.  16,  1862;  mustered  out  June 
10,  1863. 
CHARLES  A.   BURT,    Corporal  Co.  E,    appointed  Captain  9ist 

N.  Y.  Vols.    Oct.  1 6,    1 86 1  ;     Major,    i59th    N.    Y.    Vols. 

Dec.  31,  1862  ;   Lieut.-Colonel,  May  21,  1863  ;  honorably 

discharged  Jan.  7,  1864. 

HENRY  A.  CHADEAYNE,  Private  Co.  E,  appointed  2nd 
Lieut.  6th  N.  Y.  Art.  Aug.  28,  1862  ;  resigned  March 
31,  1863. 


362  THE    NINTH    NEW    YORK.  June 

GEORGE  A.  CHESTER,  Corporal  Co.  A,  appointed  ist  Lieut. 
68th  N.  Y.  Vols.  Oct.  17,  1862  ;  Captain,  Jan.  16  ;  resigned 
May  1 6,  1863. 

PETER  J.  CLAASSEN,  Captain  Co.  I,  appointed  Colonel  and 
Inspector-General  N.  Y.  Vols.  June  iith;  Colonel  I32nd 
N.  Y.  Vols.  Sept.  10  ;  wounded  on  the  march  in  North 
Carolina  Oct. — ,1862;  Brevet  Brig.-General  U.  S.  Vols. 
Feb.  i,  1864,  "for  gallant  and  meritorious  services"; 
commanded  ist  Brig.  2nd  Div.  23d  Army  Corps  ;  mustered 
out  June  29,  1865. 

SEPTIMUS  COBB,  Private  Co.  B,  appointed  2nd  Lieut.  42nd 
N.  Y.  Vols.  Feb.  10  ;  First  Lieut.,  Oct.  29,  1862  ;  resigned 
Jan.  25,  1863  ;  appointed  ist  Lieut.  3d  U.  S.  Vet.  Vols. 
-;  resigned  Nov.  21,  1864. 

JOHN  H.  COCHRANE,  Private  Co.  L,  directed  to  report  to  Major 
George  L.  Stearns,  A.  A.  G.,  U.  S.  Yols.  by  Order,  No.  271, 
A.  G.  O.  June  19,  1863;  appointed  Captain  Co.  B.  loist 
U.  S.  Col.  Troops  Ma)*  i  ;  Major,  Nov.  i,  1864;  Brevet 
Colonel  U.  S.  Vols.  March  13,  1865,  "for  faithful  and 
meritorious  services ";  on  staff  of  Brig.-Gen.  Clinton  B. 
Fisk,  — ;  mustered  out  Feb.  8,  1866. 

JOHN  E.  COLVILLE,  Sergeant  Co.  E,  appointed  2nd  Lieut, 
gist  N.  Y.  Vols.  Dec.  10,  1861  ;  ist  Lieut.,  Dec.  27,  1862  ; 
Captain,  March  17,  1863  ;  resigned  Jan.  5,  1864.  Brevet 
Major  N.  Y.  Vols. 

NATHANIEL  A.  CONKLIN,  Private  Co.  E,  appointed  2nd  Lieut, 
i  73d  N.  Y.  Vols.  Nov.  15,  1862  ;  ist  Lieut.,  Oct.  21  ;  Cap 
tain,  Dec.  3,  1863;  resigned  Aug.  7,  1865.  Brevet  Lieut.- 
Colonel  N.  Y.  Vols. 

ROBERT  COTTIER,  Lieut.  Co.  D,  appointed  Lieut.-Colonel  ii6th 
N.  Y.  Vols.  Aug.  19,  1862  ;  honorably  discharged  March 
27,  1863. 

GEORGE  W.  Cox,  Corporal  Co.  A,  appointed  -  -  8th  U.  S. 
Col.  Art.  -  -  ;  Captain,  Sept.  19,  1865  ;  mustered  out 

Feb.  10,  1866. 

HENRY  GUSHING,  Sergeant  Co.  F,  appointed   Asst.  Paymaster 


1864  PROMOTED    FROM.  363 

U.  S.  Navy  July  — ,  1862  ;  served  on  U.  S.  S.  Hunchback, 


FREDERICK  B.  DAILEY,  Private  Co.  L,  appointed  ist  Lieut.  i6th 
West  Va.  Vols.  Nov.  18,  1862  ;  mustered  out  June  10, 
1863. 

JOSEPH  13.  DAVIS,  Sergeant  Co.  F,  appointed  2nd  Lieut.  97th 
N.  Y.  Vols.  Feb.  25  ;  mustered  out  July  18,  1865. 

FREDERICK  S.  S.  DE-GRAW,  Private  Co.  K,  appointed  2nd 
Lieut.  loth  U.  S.  Vet.  Res.  Corps,  Dec.  19,  1863;  Brevet 
Captain  U.  S.  Vols.  Nov.  10,  1865  ;  honorably  discharged 
June  30,  1866. 

HARVEY  B.  DENISON,  Private  Co.  G,  appointed  ist  Lieut. 
1 2  7th  N.  Y.  Vols.  Sept.  i,  1862  ;  honorably  discharged 
March  31,  1864. 

DABXEY  W.  Dices,  Corporal  Co.  C,  appointed  ist  Lieut.  53rd 
N.  Y.  Vols.  May  31;  Captain  Co.  E,  July  7  ;  transferred 
to  i  32nd  N.  Y.  Vols.  Sept.  16,  1862  ;  discharged  by  pro 
motion  Jan.  10,  1863.  See  Field  and  Staff  officers,  83rcl 
N.  Y.  Vols.,  9th  N.  Y.  S.  M. 

J.  CLEMENT  DISOSWAY,  Corporal  Co.  F,  appointed  2nd  Lieut. 
5th  N.  Y.  Art.  Oct.  27,  1862  ;  ist  Lieut.,  Oct.  31,  1864; 
Captain, 'March  14;  mustered  out  July  19,  1865. 

STEWART  J.  DONNELLY,  Private  Co.  B,  appointed  2nd  Lieut. 
Co.  K  1 3th  N.  Y.  Art.  Sept.— ,1863  ;  ist  Lieut,  Feb.  18  ; 
Captain,  Dec.  3,  1864;  mustered  out  June  27,  1865. 

EDWIN  DUNN,  Private  J Co.  C;  appointed  ist  Lieut,  and  Com 
missary  25th  N.  Y.  Cav.  Dec.  2,  1864;  mustered  out  June 
27,  1865. 

WASHINGTON  DURBROW,  Private  Co.  D,  appointed  2nd  Lieut. 
40th  N.  Y.  Vols.  Nov.  14,  1862;  ist  Lieut.,  Sept.  4;  Cap 
tain,  Nov.  13,  1863  ;  honorably  discharged  March  24,  1865. 

OSCAR  W.  EASTMOND,  Private  Co.  D,  appointed  2nd  Lieut, 
ist.  N.  Y.  Marine  Artillery  March  18,  1862  ;  honorably 
discharged  March  31,  1863. 

GEORGE  H.  EDDY,  Private  Co.  D,  appointed  ist  Lieut.  62nd 
N.  Y.  Vols.  Auo-.  31,  1861  ;  Captain,  Nov.  17,  1862  ;  mus 
tered  out  Aug.  30,  1865. 


364  THE    NINTH    NEW    YORK.  June 

CLARENCE   EWEN,   Private    Co.  F,     appointed    Asst.    Surgeon 

53d    N.  Y.   Vols.    Sept.   8;  mustered  out  Sept.  13,  1862; 

appointed    Asst.    Surgeon    i82nd    N.   Y.    Yols.    Dec.    11, 

1862  ;  resigned    Oct.  27,   1863  ;    appointed  Asst.  Surgeon 

2Qth  U.  S.  Col.  Troops  Nov.  2  1864;    mustered  out  Nov. 

6,  1865  ;  appointed  Asst.  Surgeon  U.  S.  A.  Nov.  16,  1868  ; 

Captain,  Dec.  23,  1869  ;  now  in  service. 
'  EDWARD  T.    FISHER,    Private   Co.    D,  appointed    2nd    Lieut. 

i39th  N.  Y.  Vols.  April  28;  resigned  Nov.  3,  1863. 
FRENCH  W.  FISHER,  Private  Co.  C,  appointed  2nd   Lieut.  49th 

N.  Y.  Vols.  Sept.    7,    1863;    ist    Lieut.,  Sept.    30,    1864; 

mustered  out  June  27,  1865.  Brevet  Captain  N.  Y.  Vols. 
JOHN  L.  GARDINER,  Private  Co.  D,  appointed  2nd  Lieut.  12 7th 

N.  Y.  Vols.  Aug  30  ;  resigned  Dec.  26,  1862. 
CHARLES    H.    GESNER,    Private  Co.  D,  appointed   2nd    Lieut. 

40th   N.   Y.    Vols.    Nov.    4,    1861  ;    ist    Lieut.,  July    18  ; 

wounded   at   the  battle  of   Fair  Oaks;   resigned  Nov.  24, 

1862. 
WILLIAM  GIBSON,  Jr.,   Corporal  Co.  H,   appointed  2nd   Lieut. 

iith  N.  Y.  Cav.  Nov.  21,  1861  ;  resigned  Aug.  31,  1862. 
CHARLES  GOODWIN,  Jr.,   Private  Co.   F,  appointed  2nd   Lieut. 

1 82nd    N.  Y.   Vols.    Feb.    12,    1863  ;    ist   Lfeut,   Oct  31, 

1864  ;  Captain,  May  17  ;  mustered  out  July  15,1865. 
JOSEPH   O.  C.  GRALEY,   Private  Co.   G,  appointed  2nd  Lieut. 

Troop  K  1 4th  N.  Y.  Cav.  June  20,  1863  ;   ist  Lieut,  July 

27,1864;  transferred  to   Troop  D  i8th  N.  Y.   Cav.  June 

12,1865  ;  mustered  out  May  31,  1866. 
JOHN  E.  GREEN,   Corporal  Co.    C,  appointed    ist   Lieut.   96th 

N.  Y.  Vols.   Dec.  10,    1861  ;  Captain,  Feb.  28;  honorably 

discharged  April  24,    1863. 
THOMAS  B.  GREEN,  Private  Co.  F,  appointed  2nd  Lieut.  i32nd 

N.  Y.  Vols.  Aug.  15,  1862  ;   ist   Lieut.,  Jan.  20;  Captain, 

Sept.  14,  1863  ;  mustered  out  June  29,  1865.  Brevet  Lieut- 

Colonel  N.  Y.  Vols. 
JASPER  M.  GRIGGS,  Private  Co.  C,  appointed  2nd  Lieut.  iO4th 

N.  Y.  Vols.  Feb.  21,  1863  ;   Captain,  July  8,  1864  ;  mustered 

out  July  i  7,  1865. 


1864  PKOMOTK1)    FROM.  365 

JOHN  \V.  HA(;C,ERTY,  Private  Co.  F,  appointed  2nd  Lieut.  i62nd 
N.  Y.  Vols.  Feb.  5  ;  ist  Lieut.,  Aug.  10  ;  resigned  Nov.  17, 
1863. 

JOSHUA  C.  HALL,  Private  Co.  C,  appointed  ist  Lieut.  iiQth 
N.  Y.  Vols.  Aug.  5,  1862  ;  Captain,  Jan.  16,  1863  ;  honor 
ably  discharged  July  17,1864. 

WALTKR  T.  HALL,  Private  Co.  C,  appointed  2nd  Lieut.  i65th 
N.  Y.  Vols.  May  27,  1863  ;  ist  Lieut.,  Oct.  31,  1864;  mus 
tered  out  Sept.  i,  1865.  Brevet  Captain  N.  Y.  Vols. 

THOMAS  S.  HAM  LIN,  Sergeant  N.  C.  Staff,  appointed  ist 
Lieut.  38th  N.  Y.  Vols.  Aug.  3,  1861  ;  honorably  dis 
charged  Sept.  i,  1862. 

THOMAS  L.  H ANNA,  Corporal  Co.  F,  appointed  2nd  Lieut.  5 ist 
U.  S.  Col.  Troops  April  8,  1864;  ist  Lieut.,  Aug.  18;  Ord 
nance  Officer  on  the  staff  of  Brig.-Gen.  A.  Watson  Web 
ber  Dec.  31,  1865  ;  Asst.  Inspector-General  on  the  staff 
of  Maj.-Gen.  A.  J.  Smith  Jan.  13;  recommended  for  com 
mission  in  U.  S.  Army  ;  mustered  out  June  16,  1866. 

CHARLES  H.  HKATH,  Private  Co.  A,  appointed  2nd  Lieut,  goih 
U.  S.  Col.  Troops-  — ;  ist  Lieut.  Oct.  2,  1863  ;  mus 
tered  out  July  28,  1864. 

WILLIAM  L.  HEERMANCE,  Private  Co.  F,  appointed  ist  Lieut. 
Troop  M  6th  N.  Y.  Cav.,  "  Second  Ira  Harris  Guard," 
.Oct.  17,  1 86 1  ;  Captain  Troop  C  Oct.  16,  1862;  wounded, 
and  prisoner,  at  the  Battle  of  Chancellorsville  ;  wounded 
at  Boonsboro,  Md.,  and  Front  Royal,  Va. ;  mustered  out 
Oct.  21,  1864.  Brevet  Lieut.-Colonel  U.  S.  and  N.  Y. 
Vols. 

JOHN  HEMURICKSOX,  Colonel  83rd  N.  Y.  Vols.  Qth  N.  Y.  S.  M., 
appointed  Colonel  I3th  U.  S.  Vet.  Res.  Corps  Sept  29th, 
1863  ;  on  duty  at  Wenham,  Mass.,  by  order  of  Secretary  of 
War,  subsequently  in  command  of  Draft  Rendezvous  at 
Gallop's  Island,  Boston,  Mass.;  Brevet  Brig.-General  U. 
S.  Vols.  March  13,  1865.  "for  gallant  and  meritorious 
services";  mustered  out  June  30,  1866.  Appointed  Lieut.- 
Colonel  44th  U.  S.  Inf.  July  28,  1866,  declined. 

DAVID    HEXRIHUKS,    Piivate  Co.    D,   appointed  ist  Lieut.  6 ist 


366  THE    NINTH    NEW    YORK.  June 

N.  Y.  Vols.  Aug.  27,  1 86 1  ;  Captain,  Jan.  16;  resigned 
May  i,  1862. 

WILLIAM  H.  HENRIQUES,  Private  Co.  C  ,  appointed  ist  Lieut, 
and  Adjutant  4th  N.  Y.  Vols.  April  25,  1861  ;  Captain, 
June  5  ;  honorably  discharged  June  22,  1862. 

GEORGE  H.  HODGES,  Private  Co.  E,  appointed  ist  Lieut.  i8/th 
N.  Y.  Vols.  Oct.  10,  1864;  Captain,  March  17;  honorably 
discharged  May  15,  1865. 

JAMES  M.  HOLDEX,  Private  Co.  G,  appointed  Captain  82nd 
U.  S.  Col.  Troops  -  — ;  resigned  Jan.  25,  1864. 

JOSEPH  H.  HOLMES,  Private  Co.  E,  .  appointed  2nd  Lieut.  3rd 
N.  J.  C:iv.  M  ly  18;  mustered  out  Aug.  i,  1865. 

JOSEPH  C.  HOPPER,  Private  Co.  E,  appointed  ist  Lieut.  I3th 
N.  Y.  Art.  Aug.  12,  1863  ;  wounded  at  Suffolk,  Va.;  trans 
ferred  to  the  6th  N.  Y.  Art.  June  27  ;  mustered  out  Aug. 
24,  1865. 

W.  STORER  HOWE,  Private  Co.  E,  appointed  Captain  ist  Dist. 
of  Columbia  Cav.  March  15;  transferred  to  the  ist  Maine 
Cav.  Aug.  27,  1864  ;  mustered- out  Aug.  i,  1865. 

JAMES  H.  HOVT,  Private  Co.  G,  appointed  ist  Lieut.  68th  N. 
Y.  Vols.  Oct.  15,  1862  ;  Captain,  Feb.  11;  honorably  dis 
charged  April  1 8,  1863. 

WILSON  HUBBELL,  Sergeant  N.  C.  Staff,  appointed  Captain 
62nd  N.  Y.  Vols.  Aug.  31,  1861  ;  Major,  July  3,  1862  ; 
killed  at  the  Battle  of  Cold  Harbor  June  3,  1864. 

HIRAM  L.  HUNT,  Private  Co.  E,  appointed  2nd  Lieut.  Co.  H. 
9th  U.  S.  Vet.  Res.  Corps  April  30,  1864  ;  on  staff  of 
Gen.  C.  C.  Auger  ;  Brevet  Captain  U.  S.  Vols.  March  13, 
1865  ;  honorably  discharged  Jan.  i,  1868. 

*GEORGE  A.  HUSSEV,  Private  Co.  I,  appointed  ist  Lieut,  and 
Adjutant  ic>3rd  N.  Y.  Vols.  Dec.  31,  1862;  wounded  at 
the  Siege  of  Suffolk, Va.,  May  3;  Captain, June  22;  honora 
bly  discharged  Nov.  18,  1863. 

*  Re-entered  the  army,  Co.  A    i6sth  N.    Y.   Vols.   May  6,    1864;   honorably   dis 
charged  Sept.  i,  1865. 

WILLIAM   R.   HYSLOP,   Private  Co.   C,    appointed    2nd   Lieut. 


1864  PROMOTED    FROM.  367 

32nd  N.  Y.  Vols.  May  31,  1861  ;  ist  Lieut,  Dec.  19, 
1862  ;  Captain  Feb.  23  ;  mustered  out  June  9,  1863. 

RICHMOND  \V.  JAFFRAY,  Private  Co.  D,  appointed  2nd  Lieut. 
6th  N.  Y.  Art.  April  i  ;  resigned  Dec.  30,  1863. 

JAMKS  A.  JOHNSTON,  Corporal  Co.  D,  appointed  Captain  /5th 
Ohio  Yols.  Oct.  5,  1 86 1  ;  died  of  disease  Sept.  8,  1862. 

FRANK  J.  JONFS,  Private  Co.  K,  appointed  ist  Lieut,  ist 
Conn.  Art.  March  13,  1862  ;  resigned  July  i /,  1863. 

JOHN  J.  JONFS,  Private  Co.  C,  appointed  ist  Lieut.  3<d  N.  J. 
Vols.  May  27  ;  resigned  Nov.  10,  1861. 

JOHN  J.  KFI.LV,  Sergeant  Co.  L,  appointed  2nd  Lieut.  97th 
N.  Y.  Vols.  June  18,  1864;  Captain,  March  14;  resigned 
June  13,  1865. 

WILLIAM  II.  KIRIJY,  Lieutenant  Co.  A,  appointed  Paymaster's 
Clerk  U.  S.  Navy — rank  of  Midshipman — ;  served  on 
U.  S.  S.  Cayuga  from  Sept.  — ,  1863,  to  Sept.  — ,  1864.' 

LEWIS  A.  KOIILV,  Sergeant  Co.  D,  appointed  2nd  Lieut.  3d 
N.  Y.  Vols.  Oct.  29,  1861  ;  ist  Lieut.,  Jan.  3;  Captain, 
July  21,  1862;  resigned  Nov.  16,  1863. 

EDWIN  F.  LAMB,  Private  Co.  D,  appointed  ist  Lieut.  8th  N. 
J.  Vols.  June  15;  resigned  July  17,  1865. 

J.  WOODRUFF  LEWIS,  Private  Co.  D,  appointed  ist  Lieut. 
iO2iul  N.  Y.  Vols.  Dec.  13,  1861  ;  Captain,  June  3,  1862  ; 
resigned  Jan.  18;  recommissionecl  Aug.  13.  1863;  honor 
ably  discharged  July  12,  1864.  Brevet  Major  N.  Y.  Vols. 

CHARLES  R.  LINCOLN,  Private  Co.  F,  appointed  2nd  Lieut. 
34th  N.  Y.  Battery  Feb.  21;  resigned  May  31,  1864. 

ISAAC  P.  LOCKMAN,  ist  Lieut.  Co.  H,  appointed  Captain  Co. 
K  1 1 Qth  N.  Y.  Vols.  Aug.  30,  1862;  Major,  May  25; 
Lieut.-Colonel  July  20,  1864  ;  mustered  out  June  7,  1865. 

JOHN  T.  LOCKMAN,  Captain  Co.  H,  appointed  Lieut.-Colonel 
iigth  N.  Y.  Vols.  Aug.  13,  1862  ;  Colonel.  June  19,  1863  ; 
wounded,  and  prisoner,  at  the  Battle  of  Gettysburg  ;  com 
manded  2nd  Brig.  2nd  Div.  2oth  Army  Corps  ;  Brevet 
Brig.-General  U.  S.  Vols.  March  13,  "for  gallant  and  meri 
torious  services  ";  mustered  out  June  7,  1865. 

TIMOTHY  LUIJY,  Private  Co.   I),   appointed  2nd  Lieut.  I5th  N. 


368  THE    NINTH    NEW    YORK.  June 

Y.  Engineers,  June  25  ;  ist  Lieut,  Oct.  24,  1861  ;  Captain, 

March  5  ;  mustered  out  June   25,  1863  ;  appointed  Major, 

April  29  ;   mustered  out  July  2,  1865.     Brevet  Colonel  N. 

Y.  Vols. 
T.  NELSON  MARCOTTE,   Sergeant  Co.  L,   appointed  2nd  Lieut. 

4th    N.  Y.   Art.  July  4,   1863  ;   honorably  discharged  July 

6,  1864. 
GERARD  L.  McKfiNZiE,  Private    Co.    E,  appointed    ist   Lieut. 

96th  N.  Y.  Vols.  Feb.  26;  Captain,  Oct.  13  ;  Lieut-Colonel, 

Dec.  26,   1862  ;   resigned  March  20,  1863. 
AUGUSTUS  W.  MEADE,   Corporal  Co.  L,   appointed   ist  Lieut 

Co.  A  97th  N.  Y.  Vols.  Dec.  29,  1864  ;  mustered  out  July 

1 8,  1865. 
EDWARD  S.   MILLS,   Private  Co.  H,  appointed  Captain   1541!! 

N.  Y.  Vols\  Sept.  15,  1862  ;  resigned  April  7,  1863. 
E.  WILLIAM  MONTEATH,   Private  Co.  H,  appointed  2nd  Lieut. 

i  77th  N.  Y.  Vols.  May  27  ;  mustered  out  Sept.  10,  1863. 
BANKSON  T.   MORGAN,  Corporal  Co.  C,  appointed  2nd   Lieut. 

Co.   C    2nd  U.  S.  Sharpshooters,  "Berdans,"  Oct.; — ,  1861  ; 

ist  Lieut.,  Jan.  — ,  1862  ;    Lieut-Colonel  54th  N.  Y.  Vols. 

Sept  29,  1863  ;    on  staff  of  Generals   John   P.  Hatch  and 

John  G.  Foster;   Brevet  Brig.-General   U.  S.  Vols.  March 

13,  1865  ;  mustered  out  May  21,  1866. 
SYLVESTER  R.  MORGAN,  Private  Co.    K,  appointed  2nd   Lieut 

8th  N.  Y.  Battery  July  20,  1862  ;  ist  Lieut.,  Dec.  17,  1863; 

mustered  cut  June  30,  1865. 

JOSEPH  J.   MORRISON,  Captain   Co.  A,  appointed  Captain  Bat 
tery    B    3d    N.  Y.    Art.   Jan.     17,    1862;     resigned  May  5, 

1863  ;   appointed  Colonel  i6th   N.  Y.   Art   Feb.  2,  1864; 

Brevet  Brig.-General  U.  S.  Vols.  March  13;  mustered  out 

Aug.  21,  1865. 
FREDERICK    MUNCKE,    ist  Lieut.  Co.  B,    appointed    ist    Lieut 

64th  N.  Y.  Vols.,  Jan.  i  ;  mustered  out  July  14,  1865. 
JACOB  F.  MUNSON,   2nd   Lieut.   Co.   C  ;  appointed  2nd   Lieut 

8th  U.  S.  Vet.   Vols.   Dec.   31,  1864;  Brevet   Captain   U. 

S.  Vols.  March  13,  1865;  mustered  out  Feb.  15  ;   appointed 


1864  PROMOTE!  >    FROM.  369 

2nd   Lieut.   6th  U.   S.    Inf.   May   n;    ist   Lieut.,  Oct.   31, 
1866  ;  Captain,  Dec.  15,  1880;  still  in  service. 

HENRY  O'CONNOR,  Private  Co.  H,  appointed  2nd  Lieut.  1330! 
N.  Y.  Vols.  Dec.  18,  1862  ;  honorably  discharged  Dec.  8,. 
1863. 

JAMES  O'CONNOR,  Private  Co.  H,  appointed  2nd  Lieut.  13151 
N.  Y.  Vols.  Nov.  ;,  1862  ;  ist  Lieut.,  Nov.  4,  1863  ;  mus 
tered  out  July  26,  1865. 

JAMES  W.  PARKS,  Private  Co.  G,  appointed  ist  Lieut,  ist  U. 
S.  Vet.  Res.  Corps  Sept.  21,  1863;  honorably  discharged 
June  19,  1866. 

GEORGE  M.  PEALE,  Private  Co.  E,  appointed  Hospital  Stew- 
arc!  U.  S.  A.  Feb.  1 6  ;  ist  Lieut,  and  Asst.  Surgeon  6th 
U.  S.  Col.  Art.  Dec.  21,  1863  ;  mustered  out  May  13,  1866. 

EUGENE  PICKETT,  Captain  Co.  A,  appointed  Captain  22nd  U. 
S.  Vet.  Res.  Corps  March  18,  1864  ;  mustered  out  July  i, 
1865. 

CHARLES  E.  PRESCOTT,  Captain  Co.  C,  appointed  Lieut-Col 
onel  1 32nd  N.  Y.  Vols.  Sept.  9  ;  resigned  Dec.  12,  1862. 

WILLIAM  PRINCE,  Private  Co.  E,  appointed  ist  Lieut.  i59th 
N.  Y.  Vols.  Dec.  26th  1863  ;  2nd  Lieut.  Ordnance  Dept. 
U.  S.  A.  Jan.  19,  1864;  Brevet  Captain  U.  S.  A.  March  31, 
1865;  ist  Lieut.,  April  6,  1866;  Captain,  June  23,  1874; 
died  at  Washington,  Dec.  18,  1880. 

JOHN  T.  PRVER,  Private  Co.  C,  appointed  2nd  Lieut.  82nd  N. 
Y.  Vols.,  "  2nd  N.  Y.  S.  M.,"  Eeb.  7  ;  wounded  at  the  Bat 
tle  of  Antietam  .;  honorably  discharged  Nov.  24,  1862. 

*HARRY  ROCKAFELLER, Private  Co.  D,  appointed  Captain  i4th 
U.  S.  Vet.  Res.  Corps,  — ,  1863;  transferred  to  the  2ist 
U.  S.  Vet.  Res.  Corps  Sept.  — ,  1864  ;  Brevet  Lieut.-Col- 
onel  U.  S.  Vols.  March  13  ;  resigned  Aug.  15,  1865. 

*  Transferred  toCo.  F  7ist  N.  V.  S.  M.  April  20,  1861;  wounded,  "  arm  amputated," 
and  prisoner  at  the  Battle  of  Bull  Run,  1861  ;  on  duty  with  9th  N.  Y.  S.  M.  at  the  Bat 
tles  of  South  Mountain  and  Antietam.  Elected  Captain  4th  N.  G.,  S.  N.  Y.  Jan.  —  ; 
Major,  7 ist  N.  G..  S.  N.  Y.  Sept,  3,  1866  ;  Lieut.-Colonel,  May  30,  1867 ;  Colonel,  Nov. 
I,  1869;  resigned  Sept.  9,  1872. 


37°  THE  NINTH  NEW  YORK.  June 

ALFRED  C.  ROE,  Chaplain  830!  N.  Y.  Vols.,  "  9th  N.  Y.  S.  M  "; 

transferred  to  iO4th   N.  Y.  Vols.  June    7,  1864;  mustered 

out  July  i  7,  1865. 
^WASHINGTON  A.  ROEBLING,  2nd  Lieut.   Co.  K,  on  staff  duty, 

engaged    in    erecting   suspension    bridges,  May  —  ,  1862  ; 

Major  and   A.  D.  C.,  U.  S.  Vols.  April  20,  1864;  on  staff 

Gen.  G.  K.  Warren  ;  resigned  Jan.  21,  1865.     Brevet  Colo 

nel  U.  S.  Vols.  March  13,  1865,  "for  gallant  and  meritor 

ious  services." 

*  Colonel  Roebling  \vas  chief  engineer  in  the  construction  of  the  New  York  and 
Brooklyn  bridge  —  the  greatest  suspension  bridge  in  the  world. 


SMITH  C.    ROOF,    Private  Co.  A,   appointed    2nd  Lieut. 

N.    Y.    Vols.    Sept.    22,    1862;  Captain,    Feb.    23,    1864; 
mustered  out  June  30,  1865. 

•(•ALLAN  RUTHERFORD,  Lieut.-Colonel  83d  N.  Y.  Vols.,  "  gth 
N.  Y.  S.  M.,"  appointed  Lieut.-Colonel  22nd  U.  S.  Vet. 
Res.  Corps  Dec.  4,  1863  ;  present  at  the  engagement  at 
Silver  Springs,  Md.,  July  12,  1864;  mustered  out  Jan.  7, 
1867;  appointed  ist  Lieut.  44th  U.  S.  Inf.  Nov.  30, 
1866;  Captain,  March  20,  1867.  Brevet  Brig.-General  U. 
S.  A.  March  3,  1869,  "for  distinguished  gallantry  and 
services";  resigned  May  I,  1870. 

t  Appointed  Third  Auditor  U.  S.  Treasury  May  i,  1870;  res'igned  Jan.  14,  1876. 

ROBERT  G.  RUTHERFORD,  Captain  Co.  G,  appointed'  Captain 
Co.  C.  6th  U.  S.  Vet.  Res.  Corps  Sept.  n,  1863; 
Officer  of  the  Guard  at  the  "  Old  Capitol  "  Prison  ; 
present  at  the  attack  upon  Fort  Stevens  by  Gen.  Early, 
1864;  Brevet  Lieut.-Colonel  U.  S.  Vols.  March  13,  "for 
gallant  and  meritorious  services  ";  transferred  to  the  22nd 
U.  S.  Vet.  Res.  Corps  July  22,  1865  ;  mustered  out 
April  30,  1867;  appointed  2nd  Lieut.  45th  U.  S.  Inf. 
March  7,  1867;  transferred  to  the  i2th  U.  S.  Inf.  Aug. 
30,  1870;  ist  Lieut.  May  24,  1873;  retired  June  28, 
1878. 

TREADWELL  SEAMAN,  Private  Co.  G,  appointed  2nd  Lieut.  Co. 
E  2nd  U.  S.  Colored  Troops  March  5,  1863;  ist  Lieut. 


1864  PROMOTED    FROM.  37! 

Co.  K    /gth  U.   S.  Colored   Troops    March  12  ;  resigned 

June  15,  1864. 
DAVID  C.  SELHEIMER,  Private  Co.  D,  appointed  ist  Lieut.  46th 

Penn.    Vols.  -          -;  died   Sept.    21,  of    wounds  received 

at  the  Battle  of  Peach  Tree  Creek,  Ga.,  July  19,  1864. 
ISAAC  SEYMOUR,   Jr.,    Sergeant   Co.    D,   appointed   2nd    Lieut. 

2nd  N.  Y.  Cav.  Oct.  15,  1861  ;   ist    Lieut.,  Oct.  14,  1862; 

on  staff  of   Gen.    Geo.    \V.    Morrell  ;    resigned   Sept.    19, 

1863. 
W.   C.    H.    SHERMAN,    Private    Co.   C,    appointed   Major  and 

Aid-de-Camp  U.  S.  Yols.  -         -,  1861  ;  -         -. 
WILLIAM    SIMPSON,    Private  Co.  E,  appointed    ist   Lieut.  i6th 

U.    S.    Col.   Troops-        — ,    1863;  on    staff    Gen.    N.    P. 

Banks;  honorably  discharged  Sept.  21,  1864. 
J.  KEARNV   SMITH,    Private  Co.   C,    appointed    ist   Lieut,    and 

Adjutant    2/th    N.   J.    Vols.    Oct.    9;    Captain,    Nov.    11; 

resigned  Dec.  22,  1862. 
WILLIAM    H.  B.    SMITH,    Private    Co.  C,  appointed    ist   Lieut. 

ist    Mass.  Vols.  -          -;    killed    at    the    Battle  of   Black 
burn's  Ford,  Va.,  July  18,  1861. 
AViLLiAM   McC.    SMITH,  Private   Co.  C,    appointed   2nd  Lieut. 

132110!    N.    Y.    Vols.    Aug.    18,    1862  ;    resigned    Jan.    9, 

1863. 
CHESTER  H.  SOUTHWORTH,  Private  Co.  L,  appointed  ist  Lieut. 

iigth    N.    Y.    Vols.    Sept.  8,    1862;    Captain,    Feb.     17; 

Major,  July  30,  1864;  mustered  out  June  7,  1865. 
JAMES  M.  STAPLES,    Private   Co.   C,    appointed   2nd   Lieut.  3d 

N.  Y.  Art.  June  19,  1864  ;   ist  Lieut.,  Feb.  20  ;  honorably 

discharged  May  27,  1865. 
CHARLES    STEELHAMMER,    Private    Co.   B,  appointed    Hospital 

Steward  U.  S.  A.  May    12,    1862;    honorably    discharged 

Sept.  6,  1864;  appointed  2nd  Lieut,  and   ist    Lieut.    1 7th 

U.  S.  Inf.  Sept.    2,  1864  ;    transferred   to   35th    U.  S.   Inf. 

Sept.  21  ;    Captain,  Nov.  i,  1866  ;  transferred   to  I5th  U. 

S.  Inf.  Aug,  12,1869;  retired  Oct.  31,  1884. 
IRA  W.  STEWARD,  Corporal  Co.   F,  appointed  2nd   Lieut.  28th 


37 


THE    NINTH    NEW    YORK.  June 


N.  Y.  Battery  Nov.  29,  1862  ;  ist  Lieut.,  March  i,  1863  ; 
mustered  out  July  31,  1865. 

WILLIAM  S.  STRYKER,  2nd  Lieut.  Co.  I),  appointed  ist  Lieut. 
Signal  Corps  U.  S.  A.  March  — ,  1863  ;  Brevet  Captain 
U.  S.  Vols.  Dec.  — ,  1864  ;  honorably  discharged  Sept. 
-,  1865. 

THOMAS  H.  SWENARTON,  Private  Co.  G,  appointed  Captain  22nd 
N.  J.  Vols.  Oct.  22,  1862  ;  resigned  April  24,  1863. 

ALEXANDER  H.  M.  TAYLOR,  Private  Co.  B,  appointed  Sergeant 
General  Service  U.  S.  A.  Sept.  10,  1862  ;  honorably 
discharged  April  30,  1863  ;  re-appointed  March  5  ;  honor 
ably  discharged  March  31,  1864  ;  appointed  2nd  Lieut, 
i  7th  U.  S.  Inf.  March  16,  1866  ;  ist  Lieut.,  Sept.  i,  1867  ; 
honorably  discharged  Dec.  i,  1870;  appointed  Hospi 
tal  Steward  U.  S.  A.  May  24,  1872  ;  2nd  Lieut,  igth, 
U.  S.  Inf.  Oct.  i,  1873  :  ist  Lieut.,  Nov.  24,  1879  ;  now 
in  service. 

WILLIAM  H.  TERWILLIGER,  ist.  Lieut.  Co.  G,  appointed  ist. 
Lieut.  63rd.  N.  Y.  Vols,  June  20;  Captain,  Nov.  15,  1864; 
mustered  out  June  30,  1865.  Brevet  Colonel  N.  Y.  Vols. 

JOHN  T.  TOAL,  Private  Co.  A,  appointed  2nd  Lieut.  69th  N.  Y. 
Vols.  Oct.  14,  1861  ;  ist  Lieut.,  Oct.  14;  Adjutant,  Nov. 
30,  1862;  wounded  at  the  Battle  of  Fredericksburg ; 
Captain,  Jan.  22  ;  honorably  discharged  April  16,  1863. 

EUGENE  L.  TOWNSEND,  Sergeant  N.  C.  Staff,  appointed  2nd 
Lieut.  7 ist  N.  Y.  Vols.  Aucj.  28,  1862  ;  ist  Lieut.,  Feb. 

/  o 

3;  honorably  discharged  Sept.  i,  1863;  appointed  ist  Lieut. 
9th  U.  S.  Vet.  Res.  Corps  -  — ,  1864  ;  honorably  dis 
charged  Dec.  i,  1865.  Brevet  Captain  U .  S.  Vols.  Dec. 

2,  1865. 

FRANK  W.  TRYON,  Sergeant  Co.  C,  appointed  2nd  Lieut.  5  ist 
N.  Y.  Vols.  Oct.  1 8,  1 86 1  ;  wounded  at  the  Battle  of  New 
Berne,  N.  C.,  March  14;  ist  Lieut.,  June  20,  1862  ;  re 
signed  Dec.  6,  1863. 

THEODORE  W.  VANDEGRIFT,  Sergeant  Co.  G,  appointed 
ist  Lieut.  2nd  N.  J.  Cav.  Aug.  15,  1863  ;  Captain,  Oct. 
16,  1864;  mustered  out  Nov.  i,  1865. 


1864  PROMOTED    FROM.  373 

WILLIAM  E.  VAX  NAME,  Private  Co.  F,  appointed  2nd  Lieut. 
4th  N.  Y.  Art.  Jan.  9;on  staff  of  Gen.  A.  W.  Whipple  ;  ist 
Lieut.,  Sept.  19,  1862  ;  honorably  discharged  March  5, 

1863. 

• 

ROSWELL  L.  VAX  WAGGENEN,  Corporal  Co.  C,  appointed  2nd 

Lieut.    95th    N.    Y.    Yols.     March    31  ;    resigned  June  3, 

1862. 
JOHX    H.    VAX   WYCK,  Private   Co.    F,  appointed    2nd    Lieut. 

i62nd    N.    Y.    Yols.   Jan.  6  ;  ist    Lieut,   March    6,   1863  ; 

Captain,  April  9  ;  mustered  out  Nov.  26,  1864. 
CHARLES  G.  WARD,  Corporal   Co.  C,  appointed  ist  Lieut,  and 

Adjutant  24th  Mass.  Yols.  -         -  ,  killed  at  the  Battle  of 

Drury's  Bluff,  Va.,  May  16,  1864. 
WILLIAM   H.   WEBSTER,  Private  Co.   C,   appointed   ist   Lieut. 

8th  N.  Y.  Cav.  Nov.  27,  1861  ;  honorably  discharged  Aug. 

24th,  1863. 
CALEB    D.    WEEKS,  Private   Co.    F,  appointed    Captain    i32nd 

N.  Y.  Vols.   Sept.  6,  1862  ;  honorably  discharged  Sept.    i, 

1863. 
WILLIAM  WELSH,  Private  Co.   A,   appointed  2nd   Lieut.  68th 

N.   Y.   Vols.   Dec.    25,  1862;   ist    Lieut.,    May   29,  1863; 

honorably  discharged  Dec.   14,  1864. 
GEORGE   H.   WHEATON,  ist   Lieut.   Co.    I,  appointed    Captain 

1 3 ist    N.   Y.  Vols.    Aug.  9,  1862  ;  mustered   out  July  26, 

1865. 
ERASTUS   WHEELOCK,    Private   Co.    D  ;  appointed   2nd    Lieut. 

1 4th  N.  Y.  Art.  Jan.  9  ;  resigned  April  23,  1864. 
ALASCO  C.  WHITE,  Private  Co.   G,  appointed   2nd   Lieut.  39th 

N.  J.  Vols.  Oct.  3,  1864  ;  mustered  out  July  17,  1865. 
FRANK.  J.   WHITE,    Private  Co.     F,    appointed    Captain     loth 

N.  Y.  Vols.  April   26  ;  resigned  Oct.  11,    1861  ;  appointed 

Major  2nd  U.  S.  Col.  Cav.  -         — ,  1863  ;    Lieut-Colonel, 

June  30,    1865  ;    honorably    discharged    March    13,  1866. 

Brevet  Brig.-General  U.  S.  Vols. 
FRANK    WILLIAMS,    Private    Co.  C,   appointed    ist  Lieut    4th 

N.  Y.  Art.  Jan.  14;    Captain,  May  27,  1862;    Major,  Jan. 


374  THE    NINTH    NEW    YORK.  June 

19,  1864  ;  mustered  out  Jan.  31  1865.  Brevet  Lieut- 
Colonel  U.  S.  Vols. 

JOHN  B.  WINSLOW,  Sergeant  Co.  K,  appointed  Captain  and 
Asst.  Quartermaster- U.  S.  Vols.  April  14,  1862  ;  honor 
ably  discharged  Jan.  8,  1867. 

ADDIS  E.  WOODHULL,  Private  Co.  C,  appointed  Captain  96th 
N.  Y.  Vols.  Feb.  13,  Lieut.-Colonel,  Sept.  25  ;  resigned 
Dec.  2,  1862. 

The  following  is  a  partial  list  of  those  killed,  died  of 
wounds  or  disease,  and  wounded  : 

Killed  or  died :  EDWARD  H.  BECKER,  MATTHEW  BELL, 
WILSON  HUBBELL,  JAMES  A.  JOHNSTON,  DAVID  C.  SELHEIMER, 
WM.  H.  B.  SMITH,  and  CHAS.  G.  WARD;  wounded,  EDWARD 
L.  BARNES,  PETER  J.  CLAASSEN,  CIIAS.  H.  GESNER,  WM.  L. 
HEERMANCE,  JOSEPH  C.  HOPPER,  GEO.  A.  HUSSEY,  JOHN  T. 
LOCKMAN,  JOHN  T.  PRYER,  JOHN  T.  TOAL,  and  FRANK  W. 
TRYON. 

The  following  list  shows  the  various  States,  and  organiza 
tions,  in  which  members  of  the  NINTH  served  as  com 
missioned  officers.  Figures  in  brackets  indicate  the  number  who 
so  served,  and  where  such  figures  do  not  occur,  it  is  to  be 
understood  that  only  one  promotion  was  made  : 

Connecticut.  —  i  s t  Artillery. 

District  of  Columbia. — ist  Cavalry. 

Maine. — ist  Artillery,  ist  Cavalry. 

Massachusetts.  —  Infantry,  ist,  24th. 

Missouri. — Cavalry,  4th. 

New  Jersey. — Cavalry,  2nd,  3rd.  Infantry,  3d,  8th,  22nd, 
27th,  39th. 

New  York. — Engineers,  I5th  (2).  Artillery,  3d  (2),  4th 
(3),  5th,  6th  (4),  7th,  1 3th  (2),  i4th,  i6th.  Marine  Artillery, 
ist.  Batteries,  8th,  28th,  34th.  Cavalry,  2nd,  6th,  8th,  nth,  i4th 
(2),  1 8th,  25th.  Infantry,  3d  (2),  4th,  7th,  loth,  32nd,  38th, 
40th  (2),  42nd,  49th,  5151,  530!  (2),  54th,  57th  (2),  6 ist,  62nd 
(2),  63d,  64th,  68th  (3),  6gth,  7 ist,  82nd,  gist  (2),  95th  (2), 
96th  (3),  97th  (4),  io2iul,  ic^d,  io4th  (2),  n6th,  1 


1864  PROMOTED    FROM.  375 


1  2;th  (2,),  i3ist  (2),    1  3  2nd   (6),    1331!,    i39th,    i54th. 

i59th,  i62nd  (2),  i64th,  165111,  i68th,  i  73d,  i77th,   i82nd  (2), 

i8/th.      Sharpshooters,  2nd  Berdans. 

Ohio.  —  Infantry,  75th. 

Pennsylvania.  —  Infantry,  46th. 

West  Virginia.  —  Infantry,  i6th  (2). 

Regulars,    U.   S.  A.  —  Ordnance  (i).      Infantry,  6th,    i2th, 
i5th,  i  7  th  (2),   i  gth,  35th,  44th,  45th.     General  staff  (2). 

U.  S.  Navy  (2). 

U.  S.   Veterans,   Vols.—$&,  8th. 

U.  S.   Veteran  Reserve  Corps.  —  Infantry,  ist,  2nd,   6th,  9th 
(2),   loth,  I3th,  1  4th,  2  ist,  22nd  (3). 

U.  S.  Colored  Troops.  —  Artillery,  6th,  8th.     Cavalry,  2nd. 
Infantry,  i6th,  29th,  5  ist,  /9th,  82nd  (2),  87th,  QOth,  loist. 


THE    NINTH    NEW    YORK.  June 


CHAPTER   XX. 

THE  CLOSE  OF  THE  WAR. 

Official  Correspondence  Between  Generals  Grant  and  Lee. — Recollections  of  General 
Mahone,  C.  S.  A. — Official  Figures  of  the  Surrender. — The  Dead  of  the  NINTH  in 
National  Cemeteries. — Army  Songs  and  Poetry. 

^HE  operations  of  the  Army  of  the  Potomac,  from  the  time 
the  NINTH  left  the  field  till  the  surrender  of  the  Confed 
erate  Army  at  Appomattox,  on  the  Qth  of  April,  1865,  has  been 
written  so  often  that  it  is  not  necessary  to  repeat  it  here.  Sel 
dom,  however,  in  the  general  accounts,  has  the  full  official 
correspondence  between  Generals  Grant  and  Lee  been  given. 
The  following  copies  have  been  furnished  by  a  staff  officer 
who  vouches  for  their  accuracy  : 

THE  SURRENDER. 

No.  I. 

April-],  1865. 

GENERAL: — The  result  of  the  last  week  must  convince  you  of  the  hopelessness  of 
further  resistance  on  the  part  of  the  Army  of  Northern  Virginia  in  this  struggle.  I  feel 
that  it  is  so,  and  regard  it  as  my  duty  to  shift  from  myself  the  responsibility  of  any  fur 
ther  effusion  of  blood,  by  asking  of  you  the  surrender  of  that  portion  of  the  Confeder 
ate  States  Army,  known  as  the  Army  of  Northern  Virginia. 

U.  S.  GRANT, 

L  i 'em 'en a  nt-  Genera  /. 
General  R.  E.  LEE. 


No.  II. 

April-],  1865. 

GENERAL  : — I  have  received  your  note  of  this  date.  Though  not  entertaining  the 
opinion  you  express  on  the  hopelessness  of  further  resistance  on  the  part  of  the  Army 
of  Northern  Virginia,  I  reciprocate  your  desire  to  avoid  useless  effusion  of  blood,  and 
therefore,  before  considering  your  proposition,  ask  the  terms  you  will  offer  on  condition 
of  its  surrender. 

R.  E.  LEE, 

Genera!. 
Lieutenant-General  U.  S.  GRANT. 


1864  CORRESPONDENCE    AT    THE    SURRENDER.  377 

No.  III. 


,  1865. 

GENERAL  :  —  Your  note  of  last  evening  in  reply  to  mine  of  same  date,  asking  the 
conditions  on  which  I  will  accept  the  surrender  of  the  Army  of  Northern  Virginia,  is 
just  received.  In  reply  I  would  say,  that  peace  being  my  great  desire,  there  is  but  one 
condition  I  would  insist  upon  —  namely,  that  the  men  and  officers  surrendered  shall  be 
disqualified  for  taking  up  arms  again  against  the  Government  of  the  United  States 
until  properly  exchanged.  I  will  meet  you,  or  will  designate  officers  to  meet  any  offi 
cers  you  may  name  for  the  same  purpose,  at  any  point  agreeable  to  you.  for  the  pur 
pose  of  arranging  definitely  the  terms  upon  which  the  surrender  of  the  Army  of 
Northern  Virginia  will  be  received. 

U.  S.  GRANT, 

Licit  tena  n  'I  '-Genera/. 
General  R.  E.  LEE. 


.  •  -  No.  IV. 

Apn'1%,  1865. 

GENERAL  : — I  received  at  a  late  hour  your  note  of  to-day.  In  mine  of  yesterday 
I  did  not  intend  to  propose  the  surrender  of  the  Army  of  Northern  Virginia,  but  to  ask 
the  terms  of  your  proposition.  To  be  frank,  I  do  not  think  the  emergency  has  arisen 
to  call  for  the  surrender  of  this  army,  but  as  the  restoration  of  peace  should  be  the  sole 
object  of  all,  I  desire  to  know  whether  your  proposals  would  lead  to  that  end.  I 
cannot,  therefore,  meet  you  with  a  view  to  surrender  the  Army  of  Northern  Virginia, 
but,  as  far  as  your  proposals  may  effect  the  Confederate  States  forces  under  my  com 
mand,  and  tend  to  the  restoration  of  peace,  I  should  be  pleased  to  meet  you  at  10 
A.  M.  to-morrow  on  the  old  Stage  road  to  Richmond,  between  the  picket  lines  of  the 
two  armies. 

R.  E.  LEE, 

General. 
Lieutenant-General  U.  S.  GRANT. 


No.  V. 

April 9,  1865. 

GENERAL  : — Your  note  of  yesterday  is  received.  I  have  no  authority  to  treat  on  the 
subject  of  peace  ;  the  meeting  proposed  for  10  A.  M.  to-day  could  lead  to  no  good.  I 
will  state,  however,  General,  that  I  am  equally  anxious  for  peace  with  yourself,  and 
the  whole  North  entertains  the  same  feeling.  The  terms  upon  which  peace  can  be 
had  are  well  understood.  By  the  South  laying  down  their  arms  they  will  hasten  that 
most  desirable  event,  save  thousands  of  human  lives,  and  hundreds  of  millions  of  prop 
erty  not  yet  destroyed.  Seriously  hoping  that  all  our  difficulties  may  be  settled  with 
out  the  loss  of  another  life,  I  subscribe  myself,  etc., 

U.  S.  GRANT, 

Lieutenant-  General. 
General  R.  E.  LEE. 


3/8  THE    NINTH    NEW    YORK.  June 

NO.  VI. 

April  q,  1865. 

GENERAL: — I  received  your  note  of  this  morning,  on  the  picket  line,  whither  I  had 
come  to  meet  you,  and  ascertain  definitely  what  terms  were  embraced  in  your  pro 
posal  of  yesterday,  with  reference  to  the  surrender  of  this  army.  I  now  ask  an  inter 
view  in  accordance  with  the  offer  contained  in  your  letter  of  yesterday  for  that  purpose. 

R.  E.  LEE, 

General. 
Lieutenant-General  U.  S.  GRANT. 


No.  VII. 

April 9,  1865. 
General  R.  E.  LEE,  Commanding  C.  S.  A  : 

Your  note  of  this  date  is  but  this  moment,  11.50  A.  M.,  received.  In  consequence 
of  my  having  passed  from  the  Richmond  and  Lynchburg  road  to  the  Farmville  and 
Lynchburg  road.  I  am,  at  this  writing,  about  four  miles  west  of  Walker's  Church, 
and  will  push  forward  to  the  front  for  the  purpose  of  meeting  you. 

Notice  sent  to  me  on  this  road  where  you  wish  the  interview  to  take  place  will 
meet  me. 

Very  respectfully,  your  obedient  servant, 

U.  S.  GRANT, 

Licntenant-Generah 


NO.  VIII. 

APPOMATTOX  COURT  HOUSE,  VA., 

April  9,   1865. 

GENERAL  : — In  accordance  with  the  substance  of  my  letter  to  you  of  the  8th 
instant,  I  propose  to  receive  the  surrender  of  the  Army  of  Northern  Virginia  on  the 
following  terms — to  wit  :  Rolls  of  all  the  officers  and  men  to  bs  made  in  duplicate, 
one  copy  to  be  given  to  an  officer  to  be  designated  by  me,  the  other  to  be  retained  by 
such  officer  or  officers  as  you  may  designate.  The  officers  to  give  their  individual 
paroles  not  to  take  up  arms  against  the  Government  of  the  United  States  until  prop 
erly  exchanged  ;  and  each  company  or  regimental  commander  sign  a  like  parole  for 
the  men  of  their  commands.  The  arms,  artillery  and  public  property  to  be  parked 
and  stacked,  and  turned  over  to  the  officers  appointed  by  me  to  receive  them. 

This  will  not  embrace  the  side  arms  of  the  officers  nor  the  private  horses  or  bag 
gage.  This  done,  each  officer  and  man  will  be  allowed  to  return  to  his  home,  not  to 
be  disturbed  by  United  States  authority  so  long  as  they  observe  their  parole,  and  the 
laws  in  force  where  they  may  reside. 

U.  S.  GRANT, 

L  teutena  nt-  Genera  I. 
General  R.  E.  LEE, 


1864  GENERAL    MAHONE'S    ACCOUNT.  379 

NO.  IX. 
HEADQUARTERS  ARMY  OF  NORTHERN  VIRGINIA, 

April '9,  1865. 

GENERAL  : — I  received  your  letter  of  this  date,  containing  the  terms  of  the  surren 
der  of  the  Army  of  Northern  Virginia,  as  proposed  by  you.  As  they  are  substantially 
the  same  as  those  expressed  in  your  letter  of  the  8th  instant,  they  are  accepted.  I  will 
proceed  to  designate  the  proper  officers  to  carry  the  stipulation  into  effect. 

R.  E.  LEE, 

General, 
Lieutenant-General  U.  S.  GRANT. 


The  following  account  of  the  surrender,  published  a  short 
time  before  the  death  of  General  Grant,  is  interesting  : 

Many  of  the  men  who  took  part  in  the  last  scene  of  the  civil  conflict  at  Appomattox 
have  passed  away.  On  the  Confederate  side,  Generals  Mahone,  Longstreet  and  Gor 
don,  of  the  survivors,  have  the  most  accurate  personal  information  of  the  surrender  of 
General  Lee  on  the  9th  of  April,  1865.  The  story  has  often  been  told,  but  it  pos 
sesses  a  peculiar  interest  now,  when  the  principal  actor  in  the  great  drama  lies  in  the 
shadow  of  death.  In  conversation  with  the  Philadelphia  Press  correspondent,  Senator 
Mahone  described  the  scene  at  Appomattox,  and  the  events  that  led  up  to  it,  a  history 
abounding  in  incident  and  anecdote  too  voluminous  ever  to  be  exhausted.  Speaking 
from  memory  he  said  ; 

The  first  week  in  April  found  General  Lee's  army  encircling  Richmond  and 
Petersburg,  and  practically  surrounded  by  the  Union  forces.  Our  object  was  to 
escape  capture,  and  to  retreat  in  such  a  manner  that  we  could  make  a  junction  with 
General  Johnston's  army  in  North  Carolina.  My  division  on  the  2d  of  April  was  posted 
at  Chesterfield  Points,  facing  the  enemy.  I  was  summoned  to  General  Lee,  and 
instructed  to  fall  back  to  Amelia  Court  House,  protecting  the  rear  of  the  Confederate 
retreat.  At  Amelia  Court  House  we  expected  to  find  full  rations  for  the  men,  from 
Richmond,  but  was  disappointed.  From  the  Court  House  our  troops  moved  by  differ 
ent  routes  along  the  line  of  the  Richm'ond  and  Danville  Railroad  until  we  came  to 
Sailor's  Creek.  The  army  moved  up  the  creek,  Lcngstreet's  division  in  front,  and 
mine  bringing  up  the  rear.  The  enemy  was  in  hot  pursuit,  and  we  were  closely 
pressed.  At  Rice's  Station  the  Federals  attacked  us,  and  Longstreet  engaged  them. 
I  had  been  summoned  to  General  Lee,  and  while  we  were  talking  General  Venable  rode 
up.  Turning  to  General  Lee,  he  said  : 

"  General,  did  you  receive  my  message?" 

"  What  message?"  Lee  inquired. 

"  I  informed  you,  sir,  that  the  enemy  had  captured  our  wagon  train  at  Sailor's 
Creek,"  was  the  response.  General  Lee  instantly  ordered  me  to  move  my  division  to 
the  creek,  and  as  I  rode  off  to  execute  the  movement,  he  accompanied  me.  We  soon 
reached  the  scene  of  the  engagement,  and  the  sight  that  met  our  gaze,  as  from  an 
eminence  we  looked  down  upon  the  battle-field,  made  me  sick  at  heart. 

The  Federal  cavalry  had  completely  routed  our  men,  and  were  pursuing  them  in 
every  direction.  Infantrymen  had  thrown  away  their  arms  and  were  fleeing  for  life. 
Teamsters  had  cut  the  traces  of  their  harness  and  were  scampering  away,  leaving  guns 


0 


So  THE    NINTH    NEW    YORK.  June 


and  wagons  behind.  One  single  piece  of  artillery  at  a  distance  was  occasionally 
firing  a  shot  without  the  slightest  effect. 

Taking  in  the  scene  at  a  glance,  General  Lee  exclaimed  :  "  My  God,  has  this  army 
dissolved  ?"  There  was  that  in  his  tone  and  manner  which  convinced  me  that  the 
end  had  come,  and  for  a  second  I  was  too  much  shocked  to  speak.  Then  I  told  him 
that  the  army  had  not  dissolved,  and  that  one  command  at  least  was  ready  to  fight. 
The  general  rode  sadly  away,  and  I  posted  my  men,  being  fully  satisfied  that  the 
enemy  would  not  fight  any  more  that  night,  for  it  was  then  nearly  dark.  The  day's 
fighting  had  practically  ended,  and,  after  performing  my  duties,  I  rode  down  the  field, 
where  I  found  Lee  sitting  on  his  horse  with  a  Confederate  flag  in  m's  hand,  surrounded 
by  a  shouting  mob  of  demoralized  Confederate  soldiers.  I  took  the  flag  from  him, 
and  the  men  were  ordered  to  the  rear  under  the  command  of  General  Anderson. 

Our  next  move  was  to  cross  the  Appomattox.  I  took  my  command  to  High  Bridge, 
three  miles  from  Farmville,  where  there  were  two  bridges,  one  the  high  railroad 
bridge,  and  another  an  improvised  wagon  bridge.  I  met  Generals  Gordon  and  Ander 
son  near  High  Bridge,  after  moving  my  men  over,  and  had  a  talk  with  them.  They 
believed  that  the  defeat  at  Sailor's  Creek  had  settled  the  fate  of  the  Confederacy.  I 
agreed  with  them  that  our  army  was  ruined.  I  told  them  that  I  thought  the  officer 
next  in  command  to  General  Lee  should  see  him  quickly  and  inform  him  that  it  was 
the  judgment  of  his  officers  that  we  were  beaten.  It  was  agreed  that  General  Ander 
son  should  go  immediately  to  General  Longstreet  and  have  him  tell  Lee  our  views. 
About  two  o'clock  on  the  morning  of  the  yth  I  left  the  conference  and  went  over  to  the 
river  to  look  after  my  division.  All  that  was  known  of  Lee's  movements  was  that  he 
would  cross  over  to  Farmville  and  unite  with  us  not  far  from  that  place,  and  we  would 
continue  the  retreat  toward  Lynchburg.  I  made  a  reconnoissance  of  the  roads  in  the 
dark,  and  returned  to  High  Bridge  about  daylight.  The  enemy's  skirmish  lines  were 
advancing  toward  the  bridge,  which,  contrary  to  orders,  had  been  burned. 

A  brigade  was  sent  out  to  check  the  advance  of  the  Federal  skirmishers.  1  had 
found  a  road  leading  to  Cumberland  Church,  which  joined  the  main  road  over  which 
Lee  was  expected  to  approach.  I  formed  my  division  in  line  of  battle,  and  received  an 
order  from  General  Lee  to  hold  the  enemy  back.  General  Miles  commanded  the 
advance  of  the  Union  forces,  and  he  attacked  me,  and  we  repulsed  him  ;  but  this  tem 
porary  victory  closed  our  short  line  of  battle,  and  he  maneuvered  with  his  superior 
force  to  turn  our  flank.  I  ran  out  a  battery  of  artillery  on  the  flank  I  saw  he  was  en 
deavoring  to  turn,  •<  nd  in  a  short  time  he  had  captured  our  guns.  Just  then,  fortu 
nately,  the  advance  of  Lee's  forces  came  up,  and-  a  North  Carolina  division,  containing 
about  a  full  regiment  of  men,  charged  the  Federals  and  recaptured  the  guns. 

Lee  and  Longstreet  soon  came  up  in  force.  During  the  afternoon  General  Miles 
marched  a  brigade  around  our  flank  and  got  in  my  rear.  While  he  was  executing 
that  movement  I  marched  two  brigades  in  the  rear  of  Miles'  men  and  attacked  them 
savagely.  We  nearly  annihilated  the  brigade,  killing  over  700  men  in  the  action.  In 
the  meantime  Anderson  had  communicated  with  Longstreet,  and,  while  1  knew  noth 
ing  of  what  had  taken  place,  it  was  evident,  from  the  actions  of  Longstreet  and  Lee, 
that  the  former  had  broached  the  subject  of  surrender,  and  that  the  latter  would  not 
entertain  the  proposition. 

That  night,  while  I  was  preparing  to  cover  the  retreat  of  our  army,  about  10  o'clock 
I  saw  a  ball  of  fire  suspended  over  the  headquarters  of  the  Union  forces,  which  meant 
a  tl;ig  of  truce.  I  obtained  permission  to  receive  the  flag,  and  sent  a  detachment  with 


1864  ACCOUNT    CONTINUED.  38 1 

my  provost  marshal  to  meet  the  truce  party.  When  the  provost  returned  I  was  resting 
myself  in  a  negro  cabin  near  the  church. 

"  1  have  a  letter  for  General  Lee,"  he  said. 

"  Yes,  and  I  know  what  that  means,"  was  my  answer.  "  It  is  a  demand  for  the 
surrender  of  the  Confederate  army." 

I  subsequently  learned,  from  General  Grant  himself  that  this  letter,  demanding  the 
surrender,  was  written  on  the  hotel  porch  in  Farmville. 

An  odd  incident  happened  at  this  time,  continued  General  Mahone,  and  when  you 
hear  it  you  may  think  1  am  very  superstitious.  On  my  march  I  always  carried  at  the 
head  of  my  division  an  army  wagon  containing  my  personal  supplies.  This  wagon 
had  been  captured  by  the  L'nion  soldiers.  1  knew  this,  because  some  of  my  men  re 
ported  that  they  had  found  letters  belonging  to  me  on  the  bodies  of  some  of  Miles' 
troops  killed  that  afternoon.  After  handing- me  the  letter  to  General  Lee  the  provost 
marshal  said:  "I  have  also  something  for  you  from  General  Miles." 

"  Stop  !"  I  exclaimed.  "  I  know  what  you  have  for  me.  1  have  a  presentiment  that 
General  Miles  sent  me  my  wife's  daguerreotype,  which  was  in  my  trunk,  captured  by 
the  Federal  forces."  The  provost  took  from  his  pocket  the  daguerreotype  and  handed 
it  to  me,  with  a  letter  from  General  Miles,  stating  the  circumstances  under  which  it 
had  been  found.  I  sent  my  compliments  to  him  for  his  civility,  and  about  1 1  o'clock 
our  army  was  in  full  retreat. 

We  marched  all  night  and  the  next  day  until  about  4  o'clock  in  the  afternoon, 
when  we  went  into  camp,  three  miles  south  of  Appomattox  Court  House.  Longstreet 
and  Gordon  were  in  front,  and  my  division  and  General  Fields'  division  were  drawn  in 
line  of  battle  to  cover  the  rear.  At  daylight  we  moved  to  Appomattox  and  them  halted. 
I  received  a  message  from  Lee  to  come  to  the  front.  I  found  him  just  this  side  of  the 
Court  House,  with  Longstreet  and  his  staff,  warming  themselves  by  a  fire.  Lee 
asked  his  staff  to  retire,  and  then  he  said  that  he  had  sent  for  me  because  he  was  in 
trouble. 

"  Well,  what  is  the  matter  now  ?"  I  asked. 

"  I  suppose  you  know  that  Grant  has  demanded  our  surrender,"  he  replied. 

"  No,  I  do  not  know  it,  but  I  suspected  it,"  was  my  answer. 

"  Well,  he  has  demanded  our  surrender,  and  I  want  to  know  what  you  think  about 
it.  We  have  only  8,000  muskets  and  two  organized  bodies — yours  and  Fields'.' 

"  I  take  your  purpose,  General  Lee,  to  be  to  effect  a  junction  with  Johnston  in  West 
North  Carolina?" 

"  Yes,  sir,"  said  the  general. 

"  In  my  judgment,"  said  I,  "  this  junction  can  only  be  formed  in  one  of  two  ways — 
first  to  cut  through  the  enemy's  lines  and  fight  our  way  out,  and  that  can  only  be  done 
at  a  great  cost  of  life.  If  successful  we  will  only  have  a  mere  remnant  of  the  army  left, 
and  that  remnant  cannot  be  recruited  and  equipped  by  a  government  in  a  wagon.  I 
cannot  see  how  you  could  supply  an  army  with  munitions  and  rations.  We  have 
another  change  to  get  to  Lynchburg,  but  we  will  certainly  be  harassed  every  step  of 
the  way,  and  when  we  get  there  we  will  be  still  further  away  from  Johnston."  I  told 
him  that  the  time  had  come  when  I  thought  he  was  called  upon  to  perform  the  high 
est  duty  that  could  devolve  upon  an  individual,  to  undergo  a  test  of  the  highest  degree 
of  manhood  ;  that  the  time  had  come  when,  in  my  jndgment,  it  was  his  duty  to  sur 
render  the  army  ;  that  I  believed  it  would  be  a  crime  under  the  circumstances  to  sacri 
fice  the  life  of  another  man.  I  told  him  that  if  the  terms  offered  by  General  Grant 
were  such  as  we  were  entitled  to  receive  I  should  surrender  immediately.  If  not,  I 


382  THE    NINTH    NEW    YORK.  June 

would  fight  it  out  here.  He  then  handed  me  General  Grant's  letter  containing  the 
proposed  terms  of  surrender.  I  read  it  and  told  him  that  I  thought  the  terms  were  as 
honorable  as  could  be  asked  by  a  defeated  army.  Lee  turned  questioningly  to  Long- 
street,  who  simply  said  :  "  I  agree  with  Mahone." 

"What  will  the  country  say?"  asked  Lee. 

"  You  are  the  country  now,"  I  answered.  "  Our  people  will  approve."  He  said  he 
did  not  know  where  to  find  Grant.  I  told  him  to  get  0:1  his  horse  and  hunt  him  up. 
He  left  Lonsgtreet  in  command  of  the  army,  and  rode  away  in  search  of  the  Federal 
commander,  accompanied  only  by  a  courier.  I  went  back  to  my  division,  which  Fields 
had  put  in  line  of  battle,  and  told  him  what  had  occurred  at  the  front. 

To  avoid  another  engagement  we  sent  out  a  flag  of  truce.  When  the  men  formed 
in  line  they  began  digging  trenches  and  otherwise  arranging  for  what  they  supposed 
to  be  an  impending  battle.  They  were  ordered  to  stop  work.  It  was  the  first  order 
of  the  kind  they  had  ever  received  under  such  circumstances.  The  soldiers  seemed 
to  understand  what  it  meant  without  knowing  anything  of  the  events  of  the  past 
twenty-four  hours.  As  by  instinct  they  realized  that  the  war  has  come  to  an  end. 
Some  of  the  men  began  to  cry,  other  threw  their  arms  in  joy  around  the  necks  of  their 
comrades.  Many  of  them  broke  their  sword  blades  and  threw  away  their  bayonets. 
I  hastened  out  of  sight  of  this  affecting  scene  and  rejoined  General  Lee  at  a  little 
stream  near  Appomattox  Court  House.  Colonels  Taylor  and  Stevens  and  several 
other  officers  were  with  him.  I  had  scarcely  reached  the  General's  side  when  I  saw 
a  Union  officer  riding  down  the  road  from  the  Court  House,  accompanied  by  a 
courier.  He  approached  within  100  feet  of  General  Lee,  at  the  same  time  saluting 
him,  removing  his  hat,  and  took  a  note  from  his  pocket,  which  Colonel  Taylor  received 
and  carried  to  General  Lee  He  read  the  note  and  answered  it,  and  the  Union 
officer  rode  back  to  the  Federal  headquarters.  General  Lee  stood  in  the  dirt  road. 
He  took  the  note,  tore  it  up  in  little  pieces,  and  threw  them  upon  the  ground,  and 
with  his  heel  stamped  them  under  the  dirt  and  out  of  sight.  1  mounted  my  horse 
and  rode  away,  and  General  Lee  went  to  meet  General  Grant.  That  is  all  I  saw  of 
the  surrender. 

General   Andrew   A.    Humphreys,    in    The   Virginia  Cam 
paign  of  1864  and  1865,  pages  399,  400,  says  : 

"  At  about     four  o'clock    the    surrender  of    the    Army  of 

Northern  Virginia  was  announced  to  the  Army  of  the  Potomac. 
*  *  *  *  *  *  * 

"  According  to  the  records  of  the  War  Department,  the 
number  of  officers  and  enlisted  men  of  the  Army  of  Northern 
Virginia  paroled  on  the  gth  of  April,  1865,  was  : 


1864 


NUMBER    OI»  CONFEDERATES    AT    THE    SURRENDER. 


OFFICERS. 

ENLISTED 
MEN. 

AGGRE 
GATE. 

General  Lee  and  Staff  15 

I  5 

Long  street's  Corps  '        1,521 

I  TL    "U2 

14  8w 

Gordon's  Corps  '           695 

6,;o; 

7.2OO 

E  well's  Corps  ....                                                                      19 

268 

287 

Total  Infantry  2,250 

20,085 

22,^s 

Cavalry  Corps  132 

i  6c4. 

1  786 

Artillery  Corps  '            192 

2,^01 

2,586 

Total  Infantry,  Cavalry  and  Artillery  !        2,574 
Detachments  288 

24,133 
1,361 

26,707 
1.64.0 

Grand  Total  2,862 

2;,  4.04. 

28,356 

"  It  has  been  stated  that  of  the  troops  surrendered,  only 
8,000  had  arms. 

"If,  indeed,  that  is  correct,  then  the  greater  part  of  those 
men  who  had  no  arms  must  have  thrown  them  away  when  they 
found  that  they  had  to  surrender. 

"  Ourcasualties  in  these  closing  operations  from  the  29th 
of  March  to  the  Qth  of  April  were  8,268  officers  and  enlisted 
men  killed  and  wounded,  and  1,676  missing,  making  a  total 
loss  of  9,944. 

It  will  be  of  interest  to  many  of  the  survivors,  and  to  the 
relatives  and  friends  of  the  deceased,  to  know  that  the  remains 
of  the  members  of  the  NINTH — the  record  of  which  follows— 
do  not  occupy  unknown  graves.  The  list  was  furnished  by 
Colonel  R.  N,  Batchelder,  Deputy  Quartermaster-General,  U. 
S.  A.,  in  charge  of  the  National  Cemeteries.  A  few  additions 

^ 

and  a  change  in  the  numbers  of  graves,  has  been  made  by  a 
member  of  the  regiment,  who  lately  visited  some  of  the 
cemeteries. 


384  THE    NINTH    NEW    YORK/  June 

IN     MEMORIAM. 

MEMBERS  OF  THE  NINTH  KILLED,  DIED  OF  WOUNDS  OR  DISEASE, 

AND    BURIED    IN    THE    UNITED    STATES 

NATIONAL  CEMETERIES. 

A  Icxa  n  dria ,  Va. 


Israel  Amond, 

Co.  A. 

Arthur  Clark,                Co. 

B, 

Charles  Downer, 

"     C. 

Amable  Farley,              " 

I. 

William  B.  Grant, 

"     G. 

Isaac  Heath,                    " 

D. 

Louis  Herpeck, 

"     G. 

Frederick  Kroll,              " 

A. 

Amos  Myatt, 

"    H. 

Frank  Plankey,               " 

I. 

Charles  Rubio, 

"     F. 

Chas.  F.  Tarbox,            " 

E. 

*  Hiram  C.  Thayer, 

"     A. 

John  Williams,                " 

E. 

Amasa  Whittemore,  Co.   B. 

A  ndcrsonville,  Ga. 

Remson  W.  Babcock, 

Co.  L. 

*M.  Babst,                        Co. 

D. 

*L.  Black, 

"    A. 

*J.  Debras, 

A. 

Paul  Dedrich, 

"    G. 

John  Dougherty,             " 

E. 

*J.  K.  Grant, 

14    D. 

*R.  Jaquays, 

L. 

Thomas  Keating, 

11    L. 

*A.-  Lader, 

E. 

Fredk.  A.  Lewis, 

"    G. 

Wilson  McCotter, 

B. 

*O.  McLaughlin, 

"    F. 

Walter  G.  Preston. 

G. 

ML  n  n  rl  c\  i  T~\  n 

"    E. 

Alexander  Richards,       " 

C. 

IX  dllLHJl|Jll, 

*F.  Romer, 

"    A. 

Charles  Saunders,            " 

A. 

Matthew  H.  Sheppard 

,  "    F. 

William  Smades,              " 

D. 

Amasa  Smith, 

"    D. 

*Charles  Smith, 

G. 

Archibald  Thompson, 

11    B. 

Edward  Waterhouse,      " 

I. 

Jefferson  Wells, 

"  H. 

Henrv  Williams,              " 

B. 

Antietam,  Md. 

Chas  T.  Cross,  Co.  L.      Thos.  R.  Gro^an,         Co.  G. 

J  -o 

Peter  B.  Kinney,  "      I.       Matthew  Murphy,          "     H. 

John  A.   Willers,    Co.   L. 


1864  IN    MKMORIAM.  385 

Arlington,    Va. 

William  Brayton,           Co.  L.       \Villiam  Griffin,  Co.  B. 

Ferdinand  Herzog,           "    E.       John  Hess,  "      I. 

Thomas  Kerr,                    "    L.       Charles  Miller,  "    E. 

*G.  Nuchman,                      "    L.       James  Sherman,  "    G. 

Amzi  Sisson,   Co.    D. 

Culpeper,    Va. 

Joseph  Cram,  Co.  D.       Livingston  Felton,        Co.  E. 

Louis  Kline,  "    E.       Constant  Milden,  "    A. 

Joseph  T.  Newling,         "   D.       Julius  Perro,  "    E. 

Florence,  S.  C. 
Absalom  Fitzgerald,  Co.  I. 

o 

Danville,  Va. 

*J.  Canfield,  Co.  A.      *J.  London.  Co.  C. 

*H.  Peck,   Co.   D. 

Frederic  ksburg,    Va. 

Col.  Joseph  A.   Moesch. 

Wm.  E.  Allen,               Co.  L.       John  Cross,  Co.  A. 

Jeremiah  Crowley,           "     F.       Benj.  F.  Douglass,  "     L. 

*Artimus  D.  Flowers,       "      I.       George  Shaffer,  "     C. 

Gettysburg,  Pa. 

Lieut.  Charles  A.  Clark  Co.  B. 
Patrick  Burns,  Co.  H.       Henry  J.  Curry,  Co.  L. 

London  Park,  Baltimore,  Md. 

John  W.  Byrd,  Co.  I.       James  Chambers,  Co.  I. 

Patrick  Kennedy,  "     I.       Rufus  C.  Wagner,  "  E. 

Glenwood,  Philadelphia,  Pa. 
John  B.  Foster,  Co.  G. 


TIII-:  NINTH  NEW  YORK.  June 

Richmond,   Va. 

George  Blair,  Co.  D.       Thomas  S.  Lunt,  Co.  G. 

*J.  S.  Taylor,  "     D.       Nathan  Thriiss,  "     E. 

John  Vail,  Co.  D. 

Salisbury,  N.  C. 
Christopher  Brennan,  Co  A. 

Soldiers'  Home,   Washington,  D.  C. 

Silas  J.  Beckwith,  Co.  A.  Anson  Bennett,              Co.  A. 

Thos.  W.  Brown,  "     L.  John  Q.  Gordon,              "    L. 

Joseph  Hockaday,  "     F.  Worthington  Hodgkin- 

Joseph  Jabbitt,  "    H.  son,                                       A. 

Patrick  Kelly,  "     B.  John  Malone,                    "    E. 

Benjamin  Rush,  "    F.  Wyman  Witherell,           "     F. 

Yorktown,  Va. 
*James   Cavedish,  Co.  D. 

*  Names  marked  with  an  asterisk  are  not  found  upon  the  muster-out  rolls,  but  are 
upon  the  records  of  the  cemeteries  as  having  been  of  the  NINTH— 83d  N.  Y.  Vols. 

KILLED  IN  BATTLE  "  AS  FAR  AS    KNOWN  "  AFTER    TRANSFER 
TO  THE  97TH  N.  Y.  VOLS. 

Priv.  George  Maxwell,  Co.  F.   Priv.  John  T.  Lockington,  Co.  L. 

THE  KILLED,   DIED    OF   WOUNDS   OR    DISEASE,  OTHER    THAN 
THOSE  BURIED  IN  THE  NATIONAL    CEMETERIES. 

Field  and  Staff. 

Lt.-Colonel  William   H.    Hallick  ;     Quartermaster  Henry  L. 

Stevens. 

Company  A. 

Capt.    Thomas  W.  Quirk.  Capt.    John  M.  K.  Connolly. 

Sergt.  Fredrick  Kirchet.  Sergt.  James  M.  Williams. 


!864 


IN    MEMORIAM. 


87 


Corp.  Edward  McGrath. 

"       William  C.  Robinson. 
Priv.    Ernest  Geidecke. 

Alfred  F.  Jones. 

Joseph  R.  Mitchell. 

Joseph  H.  Sweezy. 


Corp.  Elias  A.  Stone. 
Priv.    James  Clark. 
"       J.  Goldsmith  Hanson. 
Alexander  Mercer. 
James  H.  Rabell. 
"        Edward  Wheelock. 


Company    B. 


Sergt.  Charles  H.  Barker. 
Corp.  Edward  Briener. 

Henry  Rheinlander. 
Priv.    Alexander  Asal. 

Frederick  Bunk. 

J.  Frederick  Fassbind. 

Wm.  H.  McNaughton. 

William  Palmer. 
"      Henry  Roclgers. 

Priv.  James 


Corp.  Eugene  Braillard. 
William  Kreimler. 

"      Frederick  W.  Switter. 
Priv.    Henry  Bohrman. 

"       Silas  Crowinshield. 

"       Nicholas  Loevvenberg. 
\Viliam.  H.  McNider. 

"      George  Smith. 

"      Dominick  Zimmerman. 
Wisdom. 


Company   C. 


Sergt.  Edward  R.  Jennings. 
Priv.     John  Bierau. 

Robert  Graham. 
"        Levi  Havens. 

Benjamin  Miller. 
"      Daniel  Osborne. 
"       Luther  Peck. 


Corp.  Peter  Eagan. 
Priv.    George  E.  Fream. 

"       August  D.  C.  Guild. 

"       Amos  Hodges. 

o 

"      John  Miller. 

"      William  H.  Parker. 

"      Clarence  F.  Tyson. 


Priv.  William  H.  Robbins. 


Company  D. 


Lieut.  Henry  Osgood. 
Sergt.  Frank  G.  Aims. 
Priv.     James  Askwith. 
John  Butler. 

"       George  H.  Grossman. 

"       Robert  D.  Garrison. 


Lieut.  Charles   M.  Reynolds. 
Corp.   Winfield  S.  Wyckoff. 

James  B.  Barton. 
Priv.     William  F.  Butler. 

"       John  English. 

"       William  Hood. 


388 


THE    NINTH    NEW    YORK. 


June 


Priv.  Fletcher  J.  Ingalls. 
"       Orville  Lequay. 
John  S.  Phelps. 
"       Leonard  Rodgers. 
"       Alexander  View. 


Priv.  Francis  Lambert. 
'     Thomas  W.  Mykins. 
"     Thomas  C.  Pollock. 
"     Wm.  H.  Van  Beuren. 
"     John  D.  Wickham. 


Sercjt. 

O 


Priv. 


Company  E. 

Lieut.  Thomas  Layton. 
Corp.   Alonzo  A.  Craw. 
Priv.     August  O.  Beauche. 
"       Thomas  Cozzins. 
"       Augustus  Faton 
David  F.  Gillett. 
Albert  Lewis. 
"       William  T.  Parkinson.  " 

Company  F. 


William  Henderson. 
Thomas  Moore. 
John  H.  Caldwell. 
Herman  Ellison. 
Matthew  F.  Freeman. 
Isaac  Ho  well. 
David  A.  Morgan. 
J.  Yeomans. 


Sergt.  Archibald  Penny. 
Corp.   William  H.  Cosman. 
Priv.     Philip  Gabele. 

"       James  H.  Hinchman. 


Corp.  John  Benner. 

Priv.    Joseph  H.  Blakeney. 

"  '     Peter  Peters. 

"      Ralph  Jones. 


Priv.  Charles  Low. 


Company  G. 


Priv 


Corp.  Charles  W.  Beecher. 
"     George  W.  Topping. 
David  Barbour. 
John  F.  Hoyt. 
Thomas  Kiley. 
Edward  A.  Le  Barnes. 
Benjamin  J.  Sheffield. 


Corp.  George  P.  Reuss. 
Priv.  John  E.  Banks. 

"     William  Foy. 

"     Charles  W.  B.  Hurd. 

"     Conrad  Krowle. 

"     John  Rivers. 

"     Joseph  Tichener. 


Company  H. 

Lieut.  Felix  Hirt  Priv.  William  Aston. 

"      Alexander  Beus.  "     Jeremiah  Bresnan. 

Willard  Burr.  '     John  Caffry. 


1  864 


IN    MEMORIAM. 


389 


'  Priv.  Alexander  De  Con.  Priv.  Ferdinand  Fohrman. 

"      James  Heenan.  "     William  Jones. 

"      John  Martin.  "     William  Miller. 

"     Thomas  Triggs.  "     James  Walsh. 

Priv.  Charles  M.  Wood. 


Company  I. 


Sergt.  John  Knipe. 
Priv.    Daniel  Curtin. 

John  P.  Jordon. 

Joseph  McAvoy. 

Joacham  Maurice. 

John  Oberfelt. 
"        Robert  L.  Riker. 

Peter  Treddo. 


Corp.  George  Bodenmiller. 
Priv.    Samuel  B.  Jones. 
"        Alexander  Little. 
Michael  Martin. 
Henry  Montgomery. 
Raphael  Poissant. 
"        Lucien  N.  Tower. 
Francis  Westervelt. 


Company  K  —  SixtJi  N.   Y.  Battery. 


Sergt.  William  H.  Turner. 
Priv.  John  Biggs. 

"     John  R.  Bunn. 

"     John  L.  Gannon. 

"     Luther  Hilverty. 

"     Richard  H.  Paxton. 

"     Herman  Sanders. 


Priv.  George  W.  Bennett. 
"     Patrick  Brennan. 
"     Daniel  E.  Cripps. 
"     Jacob  H.  Hatley. 

Edward  Martin. 
''     James  A.  Perkins. 
"     Robert  Seaman. 


Priv.  Ira  D.  Shay. 


Company,  L. 


Sergt.  John  H.  Scott. 
Corp.  George  Bunte. 
Priv.    John  T.  Bell. 
"       Charles  Connor. 
"       Jacob  Lober. 

Albert  B.  Meyer. 
"      Jeremiah  Osborne. 
Louis  Van.  Duzen. 


Sergt.  Henry  J.  Curry. 
Priv.     William  S.  Bailey. 
John   Clarke. 
William  A.  Craig. 
James  Martin. 
"        Benjamin  J.  Montey. 
"       Charles  Skinner. 
M.  V.  B.  Wait. 


A   total   of    two    hundred   and   eighty-two   killed,    died  of 
wounds  or  disease. 


39O  THE    NINTH    NEW    YORK..  June 


ARMY  SONGS. 


THE  BATTLE-CRY  OF  FREEDOM. 

Yes,  We'll  rally  round  the  Flag,  boys,  we'll  rally  once  again, 

Shouting  the  battle-cry  of  freedom  ! 
We  will  rally  from  the  hill-side,  we'll  gather  from  the  plain, 

Shouting  the  battle-cry  of  freedom  ! 

Chorus — The  Union  forever,  hurrah  !  boys,  hurrah  ! 

Down  with  the  traitors,  up  with  the  stars  ! 
While  we  rally  round  the  flag,  boys,  rally  once  again, 
Shouting  the  battle-cry  of  freedom  ! 

We  are  springing  to  the  call  of  our  brothers  gone  before, 

Shouting  the  battle-cry  of  freedom  ! 
And  we'll  fill  the  vacant  ranks  with  a  million  freemen  more, 

Shouting  the  battle-cry  of  freedom  ! 

We  will  welcome  to  our  numbers  the  loyal,  true  and  brave, 

Shouting  the  battle-cry  of  freedom  ! 
And  although  he  may  be  poor,  he  shall  never  be  a  slave, 

Shouting  the  battle-cry  of  freedom  ! 

So  we're  springing  to  the  call,  from  the  East  and  from  the  West, 

Shouting  the  battle-cry  of  freedom  ! 
And  we'll  hurl  the  rebel  crew  from  the  land  we  love  the  best, 

Shouting  the  baitle-cry  of  freedom  ! 


JOHN  BROWN. 

John  Brown's  body  lies  a-mouldering  in  the  grave, 

John  Brown's  body  lies  a-mouldering  in  the  grave, 

John  Brown's  body  lies  a-mouldering  in  the  grave, 

His  soul  goes  inarching  on  ! 

Chorus — Glory,  Glory,  Hallelujah  ! 
Glory,  Glory,  Hallelujah  ! 
Glory,  Glory,  Hallelujah ! 
His  soul  goes  marching  on. 


1864  ARMY    SONGS.  39! 

He's  gone  to  be  a  soldier  in  the  army  of  our  Lord, 

He's  gone  to  be  a  soldier  in  the  army  of  our  Lord, 

He's  gone  to  be  a  soldier  in  the  army  of  our  Lord, 

His  soul  goes  marching  on  ! 

John  Brown's  knapsack  is  strapped  upon  his  back, 

John  Brown's  knapsack  is  strapped  upon  his  back, 

John  Brown's  knapsack  is  strapped  upon  his  back, 

His  soul  goes  marching  on  ! 

We'll  hang  Jeff  Davis  to  a  sour  apple  tree, 
We'll  hang  Jeff  Davis  to  a  sour  apple  tree, 
We'll  hang  Jeff  Davis  to  a  sour  apple  tree, 
As  \ve  go  marching  on  ! 

Now,  three  rousing  cheers  for  the  Union ! 
Now,  three  rousing  cheers  for  the  Union  ! 
Now,  three  rousing  cheers  for  the  Union  ! 
As  we  go  inarching  on  ! 


JUST  BEFORE  THE  BATTLE,  MOTHER. 

Just  before  the  battle,  mother, 

I  am  thinking  most  of  you. 
While  upon  the  field  we're  watching, 

With  the  enemy  in  view. 
Comrades  brave  are 'round  me  lying, 

Fill'd  with  tho'ts  of  home  and  God, 
For  well  they  know  that  on  the  morrow 

Some  will  sleep  beneath  the  sod. 

Chorus — Farewell,  mother,  you  may  never 
Press  me  to  your  heart  again  ; 
But,  oh,  you'll  not  forget  me,  mother, 
If  I'm  numbered  with  the  slain. 

Oh,  I  long  to  see  you,  mother, 

And  the  loving  ones  at  home ; 
But  I'll  never  leave  our  banner. 

Till  in  honor  I  can  come. 
Tell  the  traitors,  all  around  you, 

That  their  cruel  words,  we  know, 
In  every  battle  kill  our  soldiers 

By  the  help  they  give  the  foe. — Chorus. 


392  THE    NINTH    NEW    YORK.  June. 

Hark !     I  hear  the  bugle  sounding, 

'Tis  the  signal  for  the  light  ! 
Now  may  (iod  protect  me,  mother, 

As  he  ever  does  the  right. 
Hear  the  "  Battle-Cry  of  Freedom," 

How  it  swells  upon  the  air ! 
Oh,  yes,  we'll  rally 'round  the  standard, 

Or  we'll  perish  nobly  there. — Chorus. 


JUST  AFTER  THE  BATTLE. 

Still  upon  the  field  of  battle 

I  am  lying,  mother,  dear. 
With  my  wounded  comrades,  waiting 

For  the  .morning  to  appear. 
Many  sleep  to  waken  never 

In  this  \\o-ld  of  strife  and  death, 
And  many  more  are  faintly  calling 

With  their  feeble  dying  breath. 

Chorus. — Mother,  dear,  your  boy  is  wounded, 

And  the  night  is  drear  with  pain 
But  still  I  feel  that  I  shall  see  you 
And  the  clear  old  home  again. 

Oh,  the  first  great  charge  was  fearful, 

And  a  thousand  brave  men  fell  ; 
Still  amid  the  dreadful  carnage 

I  was  safe  from  shot  and  shell. 
So  amid  the  fatal  shower 

1  had  nearly  passed  the  day, 
When  here  the  dreaded  minie  struck  me, 

And  I  sank  amid  the  fray. — Chorus. 

Oh,  the  glorious  cheer  of  triumph 

When  the  foemen  turn'd  and  fled, 
Leaving  us  the  field  of  battle. 

Strewn  with  dying  and  with  dead. 
Oh,  the  torture  and  the  anguish, 

That  I  could  not  follow  on  ! 
But  here  amid  my  fallen  comrades 

I  must  wait  till  morning's  dawn. — Chorus. 


ARMY    SO\(;.S. 


TENTING  ON  THE  OLD  CAMP  GROUND. 

We're  tenting  to-night  on  the  old  camp-ground, 

Give  us  a  song  to  cheer 
Our  weary  hearts,  a  song  of  home 

And  friends  we  love  so  clear. 

Chorus — Many  are  the  hearts  that  are  weary  to-night, 
Wishing  for  the  war  to  cease; 

Many  are  the  hearts  looking  for  the  right, 
To  see  the  dawn  of  peace; 

Tenting  to-night,  tenting  to-night, 
Tenting  on  the  old  camp  ground, 

We've  been  tenting  to-night  on  the  old  camp  ground, 

Thinking  of  the  days  gone  by  ; 
Of  the  loved  ones  at  home,  that  gave  us  the  hand, 

And  the  tear  that  said  :   Good-by  ! 

We  are  tired  of  war  on  the  old  camp-ground  ; 

Many  are  dead  and  gone, 
Of  the  brave  and  true,  who've  left  their  homes  ; 

Others  have  been  wounded  long. 

We've  been  fighting  to-day  on  the  old  camp-ground. 

Many  are  lying  near. 
Some  are  dead,  and  some  are  dying. 

Many  are  in  tears  ! 

Chorus — Many  are  the  hearts  that  are  weary  to-night, 

Wishing  for  the  war  to  cease; 
Many  are  the  hearts  looking  for  the  right, 

To  see  the  dawn  of  peace  ; 
Dying  to-night,  dying  to-night, 

Dying  on  the  old  camp-ground. 


THE  ARMY  BEAN. 
(Air — "  Sii'cct  Bye  and  Bye."} 

There's  a  spot  that  the  soldiers  all  love, 
The  mess-tent's  the  place  that  we  mean, 

And  the  dish  that  we  like  to  see  there. 
Is  the  old-fashioned  white  Army  Bean. 

Chorus — 'Tis  the  bean  that  we  mean 

And  we'll  eat  as  we  ne'er  ate  before  ; 
The  Army  Bean,  nice  and  clean — 
We'll  stick  to  our  beans  evermore. 


394  THE    NI^TH    NEW    VORK.  June 

Now  the  bean  in  its  primitive  state, 
Is  a  plant  we  have  all  often  met  ; 
And  when  cooked  in  the  old  army  style, 
It  has  charms  we  can  never  forget. 

The  German  is  found  of  saur-kraut, 
The  potato  is  loved  by  the  Mick, 
But  the  soldiers  have  long  since  found  out 

That  through  life  to  our  beans  we  should  stick. 

REFRAIN.    Air — "  Tell  Aunt  Rhody." 

Beans  for  breakfast, 
Beans  for  dinner, 
Beans  for  supper, 
Beans,  Beans,  Beans. 


WHEN  THIS  CRUEL  WAR  IS  OVER. 

Dearest  love,  do  you  remember 

When  we  last  did  meet, 
How  you  told  me  that  you  loved  me, 

Kneeling  at  your  feet  ? 
Oh !  how  proud  you  stood  before  me, 

In  your  suit  of  blue, 
When  you  vow'd  to  me  and  country 

Ever  to  be  true. 

Chorus. — Weeping  sad  and  lonely, 

Hopes  and  fears,  how  vain. 
When  this  cruel  war  is  over, 
Praying  that  we  meet  again  ! 

When  the  summer  breeze  is  sighing 

Mournfully  along  ! 
Or  when  the  autumn  leaves  are  falling, 

Sadly  breathes  the  song. 
Oft  in  dreams  I  see  thee  lying 

On  the  battle  plain, 
Lonely,  wounded,  even  dying, 

Calling,  but  in  vain. — Chorus. 

If  amid  the  din  of  battle, 

Nobly  you  should  fall, 
Far  away  from  those  who  love  you, 

None  to  hear  you  call, 
Who  would  whisper  words  of  comfort? 

Who  would  soothe  your  pain  ? 
Ah  !  the  many  cruel  fancies 
Ever  in  my  brain. — Chorus. 


1 864  ARMY    SONGS.  395 

But  our  country  called  you,  darling, 

Angels  cheer  your  way  ; 
While  our  nation's  sons  are  fighting, 

We  can  only  pray, 
Nobly  strike  for  God  and  liberty; 

Let  all  nations  see 
How  we  love  our  starry  banner, 

Emblem  of  the  free. — Chorus. 


WHEN  JOHNNY  COMES  MARCHING  HOME. 

When  Johnny  comes  marching  home  again, 

Hurrah,  hurrah  ! 
We'll  give  him  a  hearty  welcome  then, 

Hurrah,  hurrah  ! 
The  men  will  cheer,  the  boys  will  shout, 

The  ladies  they  wiil  all  turn  out, 
And  we'll  all  feel  gay, 

When  Johnny  comes  marching  home. 

The  old  church  bell  will  peal  with  joy, 

Hurrah,  hurrah  ! 
To  welcome  home  our  darling  boy, 

Hurrah,  hurrah  ! 
The  village  lads  and  lassies  say 

With  roses  they  will  strew  the  way, 
And  we'll  all  feel  gay, 

When  Johnny  comes  marching  home. 

Get  ready  for  the  Jubilee, 

Hurrah,  hurrah  ! 
We'll  give  the  hero  three  times  three, 

Hurrah,  hurrah  ! 
The  laurel  wreath  is  ready  now, 

To  place  upon  his  loyal  brow, 
And  we'll  all  feel  gay, 

When  Johnny  comes  marching  home. 

Let  love  and  friendship  on  that  day, 

Hurrah,  hurrah  ! 
Theirchoicest  treasures  then  display, 

Hurrah,  hurrah  ! 
And  let  each  one  perform  some  part 

To  fill  with  joy  the  warrior's  heart, 
And  we'll  all  feel  gay, 

When  Johnny  comes  marching  home. 


396  THE    NINTH    NEW    YORK.  June 


TRAMP! TRAMP! TRAMP! 

In  the  prison-cell  I  sit, 

Thinking,  mother,  clear,  of  you, 
And  our  bright  and  happy  home,  so  far  away  ; 

And  the  tears  they  fill  my  eyes, 

Spite  of  all  that  1  can  do, 
Tho'  I  try  to  cheer  my  comrades  and  be  gay. 

Chorus — Tramp,  tramp,  tramp  !  the  boys  are  marching, 

Cheer  up  !  comrades,  they  will  come, 
And  beneath  the  Starry  Flag, 
We  shall  breathe  the  air  again, 

Of  the  Free-land  in  our  own  beloved  home. 

In  the  battle-front  we  stood, 

When  their  fiercest  charge  they  made, 
And  they  swept  us  off,  a  hundred  men  or  more  ; 

But,  before  we  reached  their  lines, 

They  were  beaten  back  dismayed, 
And  we  heard  the  cry  of  vict'ry,  o'er  and  o'er. 

So,  within  the  prison-cell, 

We  are  waiting  for  the  day 
That  shall  come  to  open  wide  the  iron  door  ; 

And  the  hollow  eye  grows  bright, 

And  the  poor  heart  almost  gay, 
As  we  think  of  seeing  home  and  friends  once  more. 


MARCHING  THROUGH  GEORGIA. 

Bring  me  the  good  old  bugle,  boys  !  we'll  sing  another  song- 
Sing  it  with  that  spirit  that  will  start  the  world  along — 
Sing  it  as  \ve  used  to  sing  it,  fifty  thousand  strong, 
While  we  were  marching  through  Georgia. 

Chorus — "  Hurrah  !  Hurrah  !  we  bring  the  Jubilee  ! 

Hurrah  !  Hurrah  !  the  Hag  that  makes  you  free  !" 
So  we  sang  the  chorus  from  Atlanta  to  the  sea, 
While  we  were  marching  through  Georgia. 


ARMY    SONGS    AND    POETRY.  397 

How  the  darkies  shouted  when  they  heard  the  joyful  sound  ! 
How  the  turkeys  gobbled  which  our  commissary  found  ! 
How  the  sweet  potatoes  even  started  from  the  ground, 
While  we  were  marching  through  Georgia. 

Yes,  and  there  were  Union  men  who  wept  with  joyful  tears, 
When  they  saw  the  honored  flag  they  hadn't  seen  for  years  ; 
Hardly  could  they  be  restrained  from    breaking  out  in  cheers, 
While  we  were  marching   through  Georgia. 

"  Sherman's  dashing  Yankee  boys  will  never  reach  the  coast !" 
So  the  saucy  rebels  said,  and  'twas  a  handsome  boast, 
Had  they  not  forgot,  alas,  to  reckon  with  the  host, 
While  we  were  marching  through  Georgia. 

So  we  made  a  thoroughfare  for  Freedom  and  her  train, 
Sixty  miles  in  latitude — three  hundred  to  the  main  ; 
Treason  fled  before  us,  for  resistance  was  in  vain, 
While  we  were  marching  through  Georgia. 

The  following  lines  were  written  by  Joseph  K.  Gibbons, 
Company  G,  Thirty-fourth  Massachusetts,  while  sick  in 
his  tent,  a  few  days  before  his  death  at  Fort  Lyon,  Ya.,  Nov., 
1862: 

Underneath  a  hillock  fair, 

Where  the  ever-weeping  willow 
Chants  a  weird  and  dirge-like  air, 

O'er  the  streamlets  rippling  billow, 
Freedom's  martyr,  freed  from  care, 

Slumbers  on  his  lonely  pillow. 

Shrine,  nor  pillars  honored  mound. 

Decks  the  Hero's  silent  dwelling 
Deeds  of  valor  to  unfold, 

Admiration's  thought  excelling — 
And  his  praises  manifold 

From  his  bitter  foes  compelling. 

Human  fabrics  such  as  these. 

Time's  destroying  sway  soon  crumbles, 

Whose  fell  power,  by  Heaven's  decrees, 
Mightiest  monarchies  oft  humbles  ; 

And  earth's  proudest  pageantries, 
From  their  lofty  station  tumbles. 


THE    NINTH    NEW    YORK.  June 

But  a  more  enduring  praise 

Thy  brave  actions  shall  inherit 
Which  the  hearts  of  men  shall  raise, 

O'er  thy  deed's  exalted  merit, 
Till  eternal  glory's  rays 

Consecrate  thy  hallowed  spirit. 

There  he  sleeps  from  trouble  free, 

Life's  dark  strife  in  peace  forsaking, 
Till  the  final  reveille 

Of  our  new  creation's  waking, 
Calls  him  with  the  just  to  be, 

Heavenly  joys  for  aye  partaking. 


THE  COUNTERSIGN.* 

Alas  !  the  weary  hours  pass  slow, 

The  night  is  very  dark  and  still, 
And  in  the  marshes  far  below 

I  hear  the  bearded  whip-poor-will ; 
I  scarce  can  see  a  yard  ahead. 

My  ears  are  strained  to  catch  each  sound, 
I  hear  the  leaves  about  me  shed, 

And  the  springs  bubbling  thro'  the  ground. 

Along  the  beaten  path  I  pace, 

Where  white  rays  mark  the  sentry's  track, 
In  formless  shrub  I  seem  to  trace 

The  foeman's  form  with  bended  back  ; 
I  think  I  see  him  crouching  low, 

I  stop  and  list,  I  stoop  and  peer, 
Until  the  neighboring  hillocks  grow 
To  groups  of  soldiers  far  and  near. 

With  ready  piece  I  wait  and  watch 

Until  my  eyes,  familiar  grown, 
Detect  each  harmless  earthern  notch 

And  turn  guerillas  into  stone  ; 
And  then  amid  the  lonely  gloom, 

Beneath  the  weird  old  tulip  trees, 
My  silent  inarches  I  resume, 

And  think  of  other  times  than  these, 

****** 

So  comes  the  dream — so  fleets  the  night, 
When  distant  in  the  darksome  glen, 

Approaching  up  the  sombre  height, 
I  hear  the  solid  march  of  men  ; 


1864.  ARMY     SONGS     AND     POETRY.  399 

Till  over  stubble,  over  sward. 

And  fields  where  gleam  the  golden  sheaf, 
I  see  the  lantern  of  the  guard 

Advancing  with  the  night  relief. 

"  Halt !    who  goes  there  ?  "—my  challenge-cry, 

It  rings  along  the  watchful  line ; 
"  Relief,"  I  hear  a  voice  reply  ; 

"Advance  and  give  the  countersign  !  " 
With  bayonet  at  a"  charge  "  1  wait, 

The  corporal  gives  the  mystic  spell, 
With  "  arms  a-port  "  I  charge  my  mate, 

Then  onward  pass,  and  all  is  well. 

But  in  the  tent  that  night,  awake, 

I  ask,  if  in  the  fray  I  fall, 
Can  I  the  mystic  answer  make 

To  the  angelic  sentry's  call  ? 
And  pray  that  Heaven  may  so  ordain, 

That  when  I  near  the  camp  divine, 
Whate'er  my  travail  or  my  pain 

I  yet  may  have  the  countersign. 

*  Written   by  Captain   Fitz-James  O'Brien,  at  Camp  Cameron,  Va.,  1861.     (Grand 
Anny  Review,  January,  1888.) 


4OO  THE    NINTH    NEW    YORK.  June 


CHAPTER  XXI. 

OFFICIAL  RECORD   OF   SERVICE. 

Complete  Register*  of  Officers  and  Enlisted  Men  who  served  in  the  Regiment,  Show 
ing  each  Man's  Record  who  was  Honorably  Discharged,  Prepared  from  Copies  of 
the  Rolls  Furnished  by  the  Adjutant-General,  U.  S.  A.,  and  amended  through 
other  official  sources,  by  George  A.  Hussey,  Historian. 


^ 


following  extract  of  a  letter  from  the  A.  G.  O.  will  be 
read  with  interest: 


WAR  DEPARTMENT, 

ADJUTANT-GENERAL'S  OFFICE, 

Washington,  February  2O//t,  1888. 
Colonel  WM.  SEWARD,  JR., 

Commanding  qt/i  Regiment,  N.  G.,  State  N.   V '.,  AVw  York  City. 
SIR  : — In    compliance   with   the   request   of   the  "  Board    of   Officers,    9th    Regt. 
National  Guard,  State  of  New  York,"  I  have  the  honor  to  forward  herewith  copies  of 
the  muster-out  rolls  of  the  83d  N.  Y.  Volunteers.  *  *  * 

In  this  connection  I  invite  your  attention  to  the  fact  that  no  Regimental  or  Com 
pany  morning  report  books,  Regimental  or  Company  descriptive  books,  Regimental 
Hospital  Register  and  Prescription  book  of  the  regiment  are  on  file  in  this  office,  the 
same  not  having  been  turned  in  at  the  time  of  the  muster-out  of  the  Regiment.  *  *  * 

The  absence  of  these  records  has  undoubtedly  not  only  delayed  the  adjustment  of 
claims  for  pension  of  members  of  the  Regiment,  but  perhaps  has  been  the  cause  of 
unfavorable  action  in  some  cases.  *  *  * 

I  therefore  request  that  inquiry  be  made  of  the  Officers  belonging  to  the  Regiment 
during  the  war,  with  a  view  to  ascertaining  what  disposition  has  been  made  of  the 
records  mentioned,  to  the  end  that  they  may  be  placed  on  file  in  this  Office,  so  that 
deserving  claimants  may  have  the  benefit  of  the  information  contained  therein. 

Very  respectfully, 
.  Your  obedient  servant, 

R.  C.  DRUM, 

Adjutant-General, 

*  Any  errors  brought  to  the  attention  of  the  Historian  of  the  Veteran  Corps,  upon 
presentation  of  official  papers,  will  be  cheerfully  corrected  in  future  editions. 


1864  OFFICIAL    RECORD    OF    SERVICE.  4OI 

FIELD  AND  STAFF  OFFICERS. 

1 86 1  — 1864. 

COLONELS. 

JOHN  W.  STILES,  aged  42;  Colonel  May  16,  1861  ;  resigned  Jan.  18,  1863. 

JOHN  HKNDRICKSON,  aged  33  ;  First  Lieutenant  Company  G  April  25  ;  Captain,  July 

29,  1861  ;  Major,  Sept.  30;  Lieut.-Colonel,  Nov.  27,  1862  ;   Colonel,  Jan.  18,  1863  ; 

resigned  on  accc   nt  of  wounds  (foot  amputated)  received  at  the  Battle  of  Frecl- 

ericksburg,  Aug.  i,  1863;  see  OFFICERS  PROMOTED  FROM. 
JOSEPH  A.  MOESCH,  aged  34 ;  First  Sergeant  Company  B  April  29 ;  Captain,  Oct.   i  rr 

1 86 1  ;  wounded  at  the  Battle  of  Fredericksburg  ;  Lieut.-Colonel,  Jan.  18  ;  Colonel, 
Oct.   13,    1863;   Killed  at  the  Battle  of  the  Wilderness,  May  6,  1864.     Buried  by 
Chaplain  Alfred  C.  Roe,  ct  a!.,  in  Ellwood  Cemetery,  but  disinterred  at  the  request 
of  the  Veterans  of  the  Ninth,  and  by  order  of  Capt.  John  F.  Rogers,  M.  S.  K.,  U. 

5.  Army,  was  re-buried, in  the  National  Cemetery  at  Fredericksburg,  on  Oct.  10, 
1887. 

LIEUTENANT-COLONELS. 

WILLIAM    II.  HALLICK,  aged  38;  Lieut.-Colonel,  May    16,  1861  ;  died  of  disease  at 

New  York,  Jan.  6,  1862  ;  buried  in  Greenwood  Cemetery,  N.  Y. 
WILLIAM  ATTERBURV,  aged  39;  Captain  Company  G  April  25  ;  Major,  July  i,  1861  ; 

Lieut.-Colonel,  Jan.  7;  resigned  Sept.  30,  1862. 
ALLAN   RUTHERFORD,  aged  25  ;  Captain  Company  F  May  4,  1860;  Major,  Jan.  7; 

wounded  at  the  Battle  of  Bull  Run,  Aug.  30  ;    Lieut.-Colonel,  Sept.  30  ;  resigned 

Nov.  25,  1862  ;  see  OFFICERS  PROMOTED  FROM. 
WILLIAM  CHALMERS,  aged  52;  Captain  32nd  N.  Y.  Vols.  May  2,  1861  ;  resigned  July 

21,  1862  ;   Lieut.-Colonel  Qth  N.  Y.  S.  M.  (830!  N.  Y.  Vols.)   Oct.    13  ;  joined  Nov. 

6,  1863  ;    mustered  out  June  23,  1864.     In  command  of  regiment  from  May  6th  to 
June  23,  1864. 

MAJORS. 

DABNEV  W.  Dices,  aged  24;  Private  Company  C  April  21  ;  Corporal,  Sept.  10,  1861  ; 
discharged  by  promotion  May  31,  1862  ;  see  OFFICERS  PROMOTED  FROM.  Major 
9th  N.  Y.  S.  M.  (83d  N.  Y.  Vols.)  Nov.  27,  1862  ;  joined  Jan.  301)1  ;  discharged 
by  surgeon's  certificate  March  20,  1863. 

HENRY  V.  WILLIAMSON,  aged  21  ;  Private  Company  G  May  20 ;  wounded  at  the  Bat 
tle  of  Harper's  Ferry  ;  Sergeant  Company  L  Aug.  31,  1861  ;  First  Sergeant,  Jan. 
21  ;  Second  Lieutenant,  July  21  ;  Captain,  Sept.  20,  1862  ;  Major,  March  20,  1863  ; 
mustered  out  June  23,  1864. 

SURGEONS. 

JOHN  R.  BIGELOW,  aged  54;  Surgeon  June  25  ;  resigned  Aug.  17,  1861. 
CHARLES  J.  NORDQUIST,  aged  40;  Surgeon  Sept.  i,  1861  ;  acting  Chief  Surgeon  3d 
Brig.  2nd  Div.  1st  Corps  Oct.  22  ;   Medical  Director  2nd  Div.  1st  Corps  Nov.  i  I, 

1862  ;  Medical  Inspector  ist  Corps  Sept.  20,  1863  ;  relieved  from  special  duty  June 
8  ;  mustered  out  June  23,  1864. 


4O2  THE    NINTH    NEW    YORK.  June 


ASSISTANT  SURGEONS. 

HOWARD  PINKNEY,  aged  25;  Asst.  Surgeon  April  26,  1861  ;  in  charge  of  the  general 
hospital  at  Frederick,  Mel.,  for  about  a  year ;  resigned  Dec.  27,  1862. 

SOL.  B.  McFARLAND,  aged  34;  Asst.  Surgeon  Aug.  22  ;  resigned  Oct.  7,  i862  ;  Sur 
geon  1 9th  N.  Y.  Military  District  from  May,  1863  to  July  I,  1864. 

ABRAM  V.  KETCHUM,  aged  27  ;  Asst.  Surgeon  March  23,  1863  ;  prisoner  at  the  Battle 
of  Chancellorsville  ;  honorably  discharged  June  7,  1864. 

CHAPLAINS. 

BENJAMIN  T.  PHILLIPS,  aged  41  ;  Chaplain  April  22,  1861  ;  resigned  Jan.  7,  1863. 
ALFRED  C.  ROE,  aged  39;  Chaplain  Dec.    16,  1863;  transferred  June  7,  1864;   see 
OFFICERS  PROMOTED  FROM. 

ADJUTANTS. 

JOHN  B.  COPPINGER,  aged  30;  Adjutant  May  16;  resigned  Sept.  i,  1861. 

CHARLES  E.  TUTHILL,  aged  31  ;  Second  Lieutenant  Company  H,  May  24  ;  Adjutant 
Sept.  i,  1861  ;  resigned  Oct.  i,  1862. 

CHARLES  S.  STRONG,  aged  30;  Sergeant  Company  F,  May  27,  1861  ;  Second  Lieu 
tenant,  Jan.  7  ;  Adjutant,  Oct.  i  ;  resigned  Nov.  i,  1862,  Brevet  Lieut. -Colonel  N., 
Y.  Vols. 

HENRY  P.  CLARE,  aged  27  ;  Sergeant  Company  D  May  27;  First  Sergeant,  Aug.  5, 
1861  ;  First  Lieutenant,  May  22  ;  wounded  at  the  Battle  of  Antietam  ;  Adjutant, 
Nov.  i,  1862  ;  wounded  at  the  Battle  of  Spottsylvania  May  12  ;  mustered  out  June 
23,  1864. 

QUARTERMASTERS. 

HENRY  L.  STEVENS,  aged  30;  Quartermaster  June  4,  1861  ;  died  of  disease  at   New 

York,  June  21,  1862  ;  buried  in  Greenwood  Cemetery,  N.  Y. 
A.  MARTIN  BURTIS,  aged  24;  Private  Company   B  7th  N.  Y.  S.  Militia  April    19; 

mustered  out  June  3,  1861  ;  First  Lieutenant  Company  L  gth  N.  Y.  S.  Militia  (83d 

N.  Y.  Vols.)  Sept.  4,  1861  ;  Quartermaster,  June  21,  1862  ;  mustered  out  June  23, 

1864,  Brevet  Captain,  N.  Y.  Vols. 

BREVET  SECOND  LIEUTENANT  N.  Y.  VOLS. 
DUNNELLE  VAN  SCHAICK,  Private  Company  E. 


1864 


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406  THE    NINTH    NKYV    YORK.  June 

COMPANY  A. 

ORIGINAL  VOLUNTEERS  AND  RECRUITS  OF   1861   AND   1862. 

CAPTAINS. 

JOSEPH  J.  MORRISON,  aged  30;  Captain,  April  26  ;  resigned  July  28,  1861  ;  see  OFFI 
CERS  PROMOTED  FROM. 

JOHN  DALRYMPLE,  aged  32;  First  Lieutenant,  April  26;  Captain,  Aug.  6,  1861  ; 
resigned  May  22,  1862. 

EUGENE  PICKETT,  aged  21  ;  Sergeant,  May  27;  Second  Lieutenant,  Aug.  6,  1861  ; 
First  Lieutenant,  February  22  ;  Captain,  May  22  ;  wounded  at  the  Battle  of  Antie- 
tam;  resigned  Dec.  31,  1862  ;  see  OFFICERS  PROMOTED  FROM. 

THOMAS  W.  QUIRK,  aged  23  ;  Private  Company  C,  May  27,  1861  ;  Second  Lieuten 
ant  Company  A,  July  22  ;  wounded  at  the  Battle  of  Fredericksburg  ;  Captain,  Dec. 
31,  1862  ;  killed  at  the  Battle  of  Gettysburg  ;  buried  in  Cemetery,  at  Albany,  N.  Y. 

DAVID  N.  FOSTER,  aged  22  ;  Private,  May  27,  1861  ;  Corporal, —  ;  Second  Lieutenant 
Company  C,  Aug.  23,  1862  ;  wounded  at  the  Battle  of  Fredericksburg;  Captain 
Company  A,  Oct.  i  ;  discharged  for  wounds,  Dec.  23,  1863. 

JOHN  M.  K.  CONNOLLY,  aged  21  ;  Private  Company  C,  Oct.  7,  1861  ;  First  Lieutenant 
Company  L,  Dec.  28,  1862  ;  Captain  Company  A,  Oct.  i,  1863  ;  killed  at  the  Bat 
tle  of  Spottsylvania,  May  12,  1864. 

FIRST  LIEUTENANTS. 

EDWARD  H.  ANDREW,  aged  29;  Second  Lieutenant,  April  26;  First  Lieutenant,  Aug. 
6,  1861  ;  resigned  Feb.  22,  1862. 

ISAAC  C.  HUNTINGTON,  aged  29;  Private  Company  F,  May  27,  1861  ;  First  Lieu 
tenant  Company  A,  May  22  ;  wounded  at  the  Battle  of  Bull  Run,  1862  ;  resigned 
Dec.  27,  1862. 

JOHN  B.  DOLAN,  aged  24;  Private  Company  D,  May  27,  1861  ;  Second  Lieutenant 
Company  B,  Dec.  18,  1862;  First  Lieutenant  Company  A,  Oct.  2,  1863  ;  mustered 
out  June  23,  1864. 

SECOND  LIEUTENANTS. 

WILLIAM  H.  KIRBY,  aged  26  ;  Private,  May  27,  1861  ;  Second  Lieutenant,  Feb.  22  ; 
resigned  July  22,  1862  ;  see  OFFICERS  PROMOTED  FROM. 

AUGUSTUS  P.  BUTLER,  discharged  by  promotion  ;  see  Officers  of  Company  H. 

JOHN  D.  MOORE,  aged  26;  Private  May  27,  1861  ;  Corporal,  • — ;  Sergeant,  — ; 
wounded  at  the  Battle  of  Fredericksburg;  Second  Lieutenant,  Oct,  I,  1863  ;  mus 
tered  out  June  23,  1864.  In  command  of  the  company  from  Oct.  21,  1863,  to  Feb. 
23,  1864,  also  from  May  12,  to  June  23,  1864. 


1864 


OFFICIAL     RECORD    OF    SERVICE. 


407 


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BINNINGS,  JOHN  R.  

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BOWERS,  THOMAS  

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COMPANY    B. 
ORIGINAL  VOLUNTEERS  AND  RECRUITS  OF    1861  AND  1862. 

CAPTAINS. 

JOHN  DEPPELER,  aged  37;  Captain,  Feb.  13;  resigned  Oct.  i,  1861. 

JOSEPH  A.  MOESCH,  discharged  by  promotion ;  see  Field  and  Staff  Officers. 

HENRY  PERRET,  aged  25  ;  Corporal,  May  27,  1861  ;  Sergeant,  Jan.  — ;  First  Lieuten 
ant,  Nov.  I,  1862  ;  Captain,  Oct.  I,  1863  ;  wounded  at  the  Battle  of  the  Wilderness, 
May  6  ;  mustered  out  June  23,  1864.  In  command  of  the  company  from  Oct.  i, 
1863,  to  June  23,  1864. 

FIRST    LIEUTENANTS. 

LOUIS  BILLON,  aged  38;  First  Lieutenant,  June  u,  1851  ;  resigned  Jan.  7,  1862. 

ISAAC  E.  HOAGLAND,  discharged  by  promotion;  see  Officers  of  Company  H. 

CHARLES  A.  CLARK,  aged  23;  Sergeant  Company  G,  May  27,  1861  ;  wounded  at 
the  Battle  of  Antietam  ;  First  Lieutenant,  Nov.  27,  1862  ;  killed  at  the  Battle  of 
Gettysburg;  buried  in  the  Nat.  Cemetery  at  Gettysburg,  section  B,  Grave  No.  i  38. 

FREDERICK  MUNCKE,  aged  28;  Corporal,  May  27;  Sergeant,  Oct.  1 1,  1861  ;  First  Lieu 
tenant,  Oct.  2,  1863;  wounded  at  the  Battle  of  Spottsylvania  May  10;  mustered 
out  June  23,  1864;  see  OFFICERS  PROMOTED  FROM. 

SECOND    LIEUTENANTS. 

FREDERICK  GUYER,  discharged  by  promotion  ;  see  Officers  of  Company  D. 

JOHN  B.  DOLAN,  discharged  by  promotion  ;  see  Officers  of  Company  A. 

EMILEG.  MARCHAND,  aged  26;  Private,  May  27  ;  Corporal, —  ;  Sergeant,  Oct.  n,  1861  ; 
wounded  at  the  Battle  of  Fredericksburg ;  Second  Lieutenant,  Oct.  2,  1863  ;  honor 
ably  discharged  April  23,  1864 


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AUGUST  GINNEL  
JOHN  GRANT  

FELIX  HIRT  
THEODORE  HUBER.. 

THOMAS  KEOGH  

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CO.  REMARKS. 

Wounded  at  the  Battle  of  Fredericksburg  ;  Corporal,  Nov.  —  , 
1863;  killed  at  the  Battle  of  the  Wilderness. 
Discharged  for  disability. 
Corporal,  Jan.  22,  1864;  wounded  at  the  Battle  of  the  Wilder 
ness;  mustered  out  with  the  company. 
Corporal,  —  ,  1862;  killed  at  the  Battle  of  Antietam. 
Corporal,  Oct.  5,  1863,  wounded  at  the  Battle  of  the  Wilder 
ness  ;  transferred  to  the  97th  N.  Y.  Vols. 
Trirnnral  —  •  wounded  at  the  Battle  of  the  Wilderness: 

mustered  out  with  the  company. 
Corporal,  —  ,  1862  ;  killed  at  the  Battle  of  Antietam. 

Reenlisted  Feb.  8,  1864;  transferred  to  the  97th  N.  Y.  Vols. 

Killed  at  the  Battle  of  Fredericksburg. 
Discharged  bv  promotion. 
Discharged  for  disability. 
Died  of  wounds  received  at  the  Battle  of  Antietam. 
Mustered  out  with  the  company. 

\  „_:,!„„.  „!!..  „!,„(  „.-<•„.-..,.  ,1  »~  tU^  V^t  U  ^t.  f,M-i^ 

Wounded  at  the  Battle  of  Fredericksburg  ;  reenlisted  Feb. 
28,  1864;  transferred  to  the  97th  N.  Y.  Vols. 
Wounded  at  the  Battle  of  Fredericksburg  ;  transferred  to  the 
Vet.  Res.  Corps. 
Discharged  for  disability. 
Died  of  wounds  received  at  the  Battle  of  Antietam. 
Discharged  for  wounds  received  at  the  Battle  of  Fredericks 
burg. 
Discharged  by  promotion  ;  see  OFFICKKS  PUOMOTKD  FROM. 

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COMPANY  C. 
ORIGINAL  VOLUNTEERS  AND  RECRUITS  OF  1861  AND  1862. 

CAPTAINS. 

CHARLES  E.  PRESCOTT,  aged  32;  Captain,  May  29,  1861  ;  resigned  June  16,  1862  ; 
see  OFFICERS  PROMOTED  FROM. 

JAMES  H.  STEVENS,  aged  34;  Sergeant,  May  27;  Second  Lieutenant,  Oct.  12,  1861  ; 
Captain,  June  16  ;  wounded,  "explosion,"  at  the  Battle  of  Rappahannock ;  honor 
ably  discharged  Dec.  13,  1862  ;  Brevet  Lieut.-Colonel  U.  S.  Vols.  — ,  1864  ;  Brevet 
Colonel  N.  Y.  Vols.  — ,  1865. 

CYRUS  C.  HUBBARD,  aged  27;  Sergeant,  May  27,  1861  ;  Second  Lieutenant,  June  16; 
First  Lieutenant,  Aug.  23,  1862  ;  Captain,  Oct.  i,  1863;  mustered  out  June  23, 
1864.  In  command  of  the  company  from  Dec.  13,  1862,  to  June  23,  1864. 

FIRST  LIEUTENANTS. 

ERASTUS  R.  MILLER,  discharged  by  promotion;  see  Officers  of  Company  L. 
WILLIAM  H.  DRAPER,  aged  40;  Second  Lieutenant,  May  29;  First  Lieutenant,  Sept. 

27,  1 86 1  ;  honorably  discharged  Aug.  23,  1862. 
GEORGE  O.  HIRST,  aged  26;  Private,  June  8,   1861  ;  Corporal,  March  20;  Sergeant, 

Oct.  i,  1862;  wounded  at  the  Battle  of  Fredericksburg  ;  First  Lieutenant,  Oct.  i, 

1863  ;  mustered  out  June  23,  1864. 

SECOND  LIEUTENANTS. 

DAVID  N.  FOSTER,  discharged  by  promotion  :  see  Officers  of  Company  A. 

JACOB  F.  MuNSON.aged  28  ;  Private,  Oct.  14,  1861  ;  Corporal,  May  8  ;  Sergeant,  Nov. 

H,   1862;  Second  Lieutenant,  Oct.    I,   1863;  mustered  out   June  23,   1864;  see 

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HAYS,  JACOB  
HEKKING,  JOHN  A.. 
IFFLA,  ABRAM  G.  .  .  . 

JOHNSON,  JAMES  E.  . 
JOYCE,  SAMUEI  
KENNEDY,  DANIEL  L 
LAWRENCE,  GEORGE 
MACY,  BENJAMIN  C. 
MCDONALD,  FRANCIS 
MEYER,  JOSEPH  .... 

MILLER,  JOHN  

MILLER,  Louis  
MONTROSE,  AMBROSI 
MOORE,  LAFAYETTE 
MORAN,  WILLIAM  J. 
MYERS,  HORATIO  G. 
NEWBURY,  JOSEPH  H 
OSBORNE,  JAMES.  .  .  . 
PADDOCK,  HENRY  T 

PARKER,  WILLIAM  H 
PIERCE,  WILLIAM.  .  . 
PRYER,  JOHN  T  

426 


THE    NINTH    NEW    YORK. 


June 


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SMITH,  EDWARD  L.  . 
SMITH,  WILLIAM  McC 
STAPLES,  JAMES  M  
THOMAS,  FREDERICK  . 
THORN  E,  THOMAS  W. 
THORPE,  HENRY  R.  .  . 

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1864 


OFFICIAL    RECORD     OF    SERVICE. 


427 


428 


THE    NINTH    NEW    YORK. 


June 


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43°  THE    NINTH    NEW    YORK.  June 


COMPANY  D. 
ORIGINAL  VOLUNTEERS  AND  RECRUITS  OF  i86t  AND   1862. 

CAPTAINS. 

JOHN  W.  DAVIS,  aged  27  ;  Captain,  Sept.  16,  1859  ;  resigned  July  31,  1861. 

EDMUND  R.  GREENE,  aged  29,  First  Lieutenant.  Sept.  16,  1859;  Captain,  Aug.  5. 
1861  ;  resigned  May  22,  1862. 

RALPH  A.  LANNING,  aged  26;  Sergeant,  May  27.  1861  :  First  Lieutenant,  Jan.  17; 
Captain,  May  22  ;  discharged  for  wounds  received  at  the  Battle  of  Antietam,  Dei-. 
12,  1862. 

FREDERICK.  GUYER,  aged  31  ;  Second  Lieutenant,  Company  B,  April  30,  1861  ;  Cap 
tain  Company  D.Dec.  12,  1862;  wounded,  "foot  amputated,"  and  prisoner  at 
the  Battle  of  the  Wilderness,  May  6;  mustered  out  Sept.  21,  1864. 

FIRST  LIEUTENANTS. 

JAMES  B.  VAN  BEUREN,  aged  36;  Second  Lieutenant,  May  27  ;  First  Lieutenant,  Aug 
5,  1861  ;  resigned  Jan.  13,  1862. 

HENRY  P.  CLARE,  discharged  by  promotion;  see  Field  and  Staff  Officers. 

JHENRY  OSGOOD,  aged  20;  Corporal,  May  27,  1861  ;  Sergeant,  —  ;  First  Lieutenant. 
Dec.  13,  1862;  died  of  wounds,  "  before  muster,"  received  at  the  Battle  of  Frede- 
ricksburg,  Jan.  15,  1863. 

FRANK  I.  PAGE,  aged  25;  Sergeant,  Company  G,  May  27,  1861  ;  wounded  at  the  Bat 
tle  of  Fredericksburg ;  First  Lieutenant,  Company  D,  Oct.  i,  1863;  mustered  out 
June  23,  1864.  In  command  of  the  company  from  May  7  to  June  23,  1864. 

SECOND  LIEUTENANTS. 

WILLIAM  S.  STRYKER,  aged  25;  Sergeant,  May  27;  Second  Lieutenant,  Aug.  5  ; 
detailed  to  the  Signal  Corps  Aug.  27,  1861  ;  discharged  by  promotion,  March  — , 
1863;  see  OFFICERS  PROMOTED  FROM. 

CHARLES  M.  REYNOLDS,  aged  26;  Private,  Company  F,  May  27,  1861  ;  Second  Lieu 
tenant,  Company  D,  July  28,  1863 ;  killed  at  the  Battle  of  Laurel  Hill. 


1 864 


OFFICIAL     RECORD    OF    SERVICE. 


431 


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scharged  by  promotion  ;  see  OFFICERS  PROMOTED  FROM. 
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ansferred  to  Company  E. 
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JAMES  A.  JOHNSTON  .  . 
DANIEL  W.  LEE  
WILLIAM  SALTER  
SIDNEY  J.  VREDENBUP 

MUSICIAN 

HEZEKIAH  SPRINGER.. 
JOHN  H.  JOHNSON.  .  .  . 

PRIVATE 

AMORY,  JAMES  W.  .  .  . 

ASKWITH,  JAMES  
BEERS,  JACOB  H  

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CLARKE,  WILLIAM  F.. 
COLEMAN,  GEORGE  B  .  . 

DEAN,  HERMAN  B  .  .  . 
DELANY,  MICHAEL.  .  . 
DOLAN,  JOHN  B  

1 864 


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company. 
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DURBROW,  WASHINGTC 

DURNIN,  EUGENE  
FISHER,  EDWARD  T  
GARDINER,  HORACE  H. 
GARDINER,  JOHN  L.... 
GARRISON,  ROBERT  D 
GESNER,  CHARLES  H.  . 
GLEASON,  LEROY  

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HENRIQUES,  DAVID  .  . 
HIBBARD,  WILLIAM  H  . 
HULL,  CHARLES  H  ... 

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KING,  WILLIAM  H  
LAMBERT,  FRANCIS.  .  .  . 
LEAYCRAFT,  THOMAS  I 

LEQUAY,  ORVILLE  
LESLIE,  ALEXANDER.  .  . 

434 


THE    NINTH    NEW    YORK. 


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OFFICIAL     RECORD    OF    SERVICE. 


435 


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THERRIOTT,  ALFRED  J  

VAN  BEUREN,  CHARLES  T.  .  . 
VAN  BEUREN,  WILLIAM  H.  .. 

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WALL,  THEODORE  M  

WEAVER,  NICHOLAS  W.  .  .  . 
WHEELOCK,  ERASTUS.  .  .. 
WHITE,  CARTER  S  
WHITE,  ROBERT  H  

436 


THE    NINTH    NEW     YORK. 


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MULLEN,  EDWARD. 
MURPHY,  PATRICK.  .  .  . 
NELSON,  WILLIAM  
NEWLING,  JAMES.  .  . 

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•JALI.S,  FLETCHER  J.  .  .  . 
ARNEY,  MICHAEL.".  .  .  . 
LLY,  WILLIAM  H.  .  .  . 
NNEDY,  JAMES  

^DDEN,  LAWRENCE.  .  .  . 

MCCARTY,  JOHN  

MCGINNIS,  WILLIAM.  .  .  . 

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MCKENZIE,  ELIJAH.. 

DONOHUE,  JOHN  
ENGLISH,  JOHN  
FRENCH,  PETER  
HAND,  THOMAS  
HAWLEY,  GEORGE  W. 

HEARNE,  JOHN  
HEATH.  ISAAC.  . 

25:S£     ^ 

43? 


THE    NINTH     NEW    YORK. 


June 


Bate  of  Death, 
Discharge, 
Transfer,  or 
Muster  out. 

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Prisoner  Oct.  15,  1863;  died  and  buried  in  the  Nat.  Cemetery 
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Prisoner  —  ;  died  and  buried  in  the  Nat.  Cemetery  at 
Andersonville,  Grave  No.  11371. 
Transferred  to  the  97th  N.  Y.  Vols. 
Transferred  to  the  971)1  N.  Y.  Vols. 
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NAME  AND  HANK. 

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....<... 

SQUIRE,  BOYNTON  
STONE,  ANDREW  
STOWELL,  GEORGE  N.  .  . 

TORRENCE,  ADONIS.  .  .  . 

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VIEW,  ALEXANDER  
WHITTAKER,  LEROY.  .  .. 
WICKHAM,  JOHN  D  
WRIGHT,  GEORGE  R.  . 
WOOD,  WILLIAM  

'.:%:*::'' 

SMADE,  WILLIAM.  .  .  . 

.S\MTH  A  MASA 

2  fc  U  H   §  ^T  /«'  5" 

1864  OFFICIAL    RECORD    OF    SERVICE.  439 


COMPANY  E. 
ORIGINAL  VOLUNTEERS  AND  RECRUITS  OF  1861   AND    1862. 

CAPTAINS. 

HENRY  C.  SMITH,  aged  39  ;  Captain,  April  27  ;  resigned  Nov.  30,  1861. 

EDWARD  SHANLY  aged  24;  Private,  May  27  ;  Captain,  Dec.  9,  1861  ;  honorably  dis 
charged  Dec  12  1862 

LAWRENCE  M.  'WHITNEY,  aged  25  ;  Private  Company  F.  May  27,  1861  ;  First  Lieu 
tenant  Company  E.  Jan.  8,  1863;  wounded  at  the  Battle  of  Gettysburg;  Captain 
Oct.  i,  1863;  mustered  out  June  23,  1864.  In  command  of  the  company  from 
Feb.  i,  1863,  to  June  23,  1864. 

FIRST  LIEUTENANTS. 

HENRY  S.  BROOKS,  aged  25;  Second   Lieutenant,  March  27,  1861  ;  First  Lieutenant 

April  13  ;  resigned  Oct.  13,  1861. 
WILLIAM  P.  GALBRAITH,  aged  24;  Second  Lieutenant,  April   13  ;  First  Lieutenant, 

Oct.  12,  1861  ;  resigned  Feb.  22,  1862. 
FRANK  C.  ALGER,  aged  25;  Sergeant,  May' 27  ;  First  Sergeant,  Nov.  14,  1861  ;  First 

Lieutenant,  Feb.  22;  honorably  discharged  Sept.  21,  1862. 
THOMAS  W.   HOWARD,  aged  25;  Private  Company   F.  May  27  ;  Corporal,  — ,  1861  ; 

Sergeant,  — ,  1862  ;  First  Lieutenant  Company  E.  Oct.  i,  1863  ;  mustered  out  June 

23,  1864. 

SECOND  LIEUTENANTS. 

THOMAS  LAYTON,  aged  29 ;  Private,  May  27  ;  Corporal,  —  ;  Second  Lieutenant,  Dec. 

9,  1861  ;  died  of  wounds  received  at  the  Battle  of  Fredericksburg,  Dec.  15,  1862. 
E.  FRANKLIN  JORDAN,  aged   25  ;  Private,   May  27,  Commissary  Sergeant,  Nov.  28. 

1 86 1  ;  Second  Lieutenant,  Oct.  2,  1863;  mustered  out  June  23,  1864. 


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[Transferred  to  the  97th  N.  Y'.  Vols.  ;  discharged  at  expiration 

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Discharged  for  disability. 
Discharged  for  disability. 
Wounded  at  the  Battle  of  Antietam  ;  transferred  to  the  2oth 
Vet.  Res.  Corps  Dec.  12,  1863;  discharged  at  expiration 
of  term. 

Died  of  wounds  received  at  the  Battle  of  Fredericksburg. 
Wounded  at  the  Battle  of  Fredericksburg;  transferred  to  the 

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Transferred  to  the  Vet.  Res.  Corps 
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Discharged  by  promotion  ;  see  OFFICERS  PROMOTED  FROM. 
Discharged  for  disability. 

Discharged  for  disability. 
Discharged  by  promotion  ;  see  OFFICERS  PROMOTED  FROM. 
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VAX  SCHAICK,  DUXN 

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WAGXER,  RUFUS  C. 

WILKIXS,  CHARLES  : 
WRIGHT,  GEORGE  A. 
VEOMAXS,  J  

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JOHN  WILLSOX  

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CHARLES  BEXXETT.  . 

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LOBDELL,  AUSTIN  

THRUSS,  NATHAN  
VAN  AMBER,  WILLIAM  W.  .  .  . 

MCDONALD,  JOHN  
MCGRATH,  WILLIAM  . 
MILLER,  CHARLES.  .  .  . 

MONNAHAN,  JEREMIAH 
MUCKEY,  NORMAN.  .  .  . 

PALMER,  SAMUEL  K...  . 
PERRO,  JULIUS  

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TIIE    NINTH    NEW    YORK.  June 


COMPANY  F. 
ORIGINAL  VOLUNTEERS  AND  RECRUITS  OF   1861   AND   1862. 

CAPTAINS. 

ALLAN  RUTHERFORD,  discharged  by   promotion  ;   see  Field   and   Staff  officers,  also 

OFFICERS  PROMOTED  FROM. 
ANGUS  CAMERON,  aged  25  ;  Second  Lieutenant,  June  3;   First   Lieutenant,  Nov.  21, 

1861  ;  Captain,  Jan.  7,  1862  ;  wounded  at  the  Battle  of  Fredericksburg ;  honorably 

discharged  April  23,  1863. 
JACOB  JACOBS, aged  26;  Private,  May  27,  Corporal,  May  30,  1861  ;  Sergeant,  Feb.   10, 

First  Lieutenant,  Sept.   30,  1862  ;  wounded  at  the  Battle  of  Gettysburg;  Captain, 

Oct.  I,  1863;   mustered  out  June  23,  1864.     In  command   of  the  Company  from 

April  30,  1863,  to  June  23,  1864. 

FIRST    LIEUTENANTS. 

CHARLES  R.  BRAINS,  aged  22  ;  Second  Lieutenant,  April  9  ;  First  Lieutenant,  June  3  ; 

detailed  to  the  Signal  Corps  Aug.  27  ;  resigned  Nov.  21,  1861. 
ROBERT  G.  RUTHERFORD,  discharged  by  promotion;  see  Officers  of  Company  G. 
HENRY  E.  BUERMEYER,  aged  22;  Corporal,  May  27,  1861  ;  Sergeant.  Jan.  7,  1862; 

First  Lieutenant,  Oct.  i,  1863;  wounded  at  the  Battle  of  Laurel  Hill  ;  mustered 

out  June  23,  1864. 

SECOND  LIEUTENANTS. 

CHARLES  S.  STRONG,  discharged  by  promotion ;  see  Field  and  Staff  Officers. 
ROBERT  F.  COOKE,  aged  23;  Private   Company  E,    May    27,    1861;  Corporal,   — ; 

Sergeant,  — ,  1862  ;  wounded  at  the  Battle  of  Fredericksburg;  Second  Lieutenant 

Company  F,  Oct.  i,  1863  ;  mustered  out  June  23,  1864. 


1 864 


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SKEELS,  HERMAN  
SANBORN,  HENRY  W  
SCOTT,  BENJAMIN  
SHIELDS,  WILLIAM  
SIFTS,  LEWIS  

**• 

LAWLER,  JOHN  
Low,  CHARLES  
MAFFITT,  EUGENE  

McKEE,  PATRICK  
MC  K  EN  S  I  E,  G  EORG  E  H  . 
MILES.  HENRY  

STRAEDER,  FREDERICK 
SULLIVAN,  CORNELIUS.. 
TAYLOR,  JOHN  B  

TERPANY,  WILLIAM  E.  . 

TODD,  JOSEPH  D  
WILBER,  AARON  G  

456 


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COMPANY    G. 
ORIGINAL   VOLUNTEERS    AM)  RECRUITS  OF   i86r   AND   1862. 

CAPTAINS. 

WILLIAM  ATTEPBURY,  discharged  by  promotion;  see  Field  and  Staff  Officers. 

JOHN  HENDRI'JKSON,  discharged  by  promotion;  see  Field  and  Staff  Officers,  also 
OFFICERS  PROMOTED  FROM. 

ROBERT  G.  RCTHERFORD,  aged  26;  Private  Company  B,  23d  N.  Y.  S.  M.  May  — , 
Sergeant,  Aug.  22,  1860;  Private  Company  F,  9th  N.  Y.  S.  M.  March  21  ;  Ser 
geant,  April  2,  acting  Lieutenant,  May  20  ;  Second  Lieutenant,  Nov.  19,  1861  ;  First 
Lieutenant,  Jan.  7  ;  injured  at  Rappahannock  Station  ;  Captain  Company  G  Sept. 
30,  1862;  honorably  discharged  by  Surgeon's  certificate  of  disability,  Feb.  26, 
1863.  See  OFFICERS  PROMOTED  FROM. 

THOMAS  \Y.  THORNE,  aged  22  ;  Private  Company  C,  wounded  at  the  Battle  of  Antie- 
U..n  ;  Second  Lieutenant  Company  G,  Oct.  19,  1862  ;  First  Lieutenant,  Oct.  i  ; 
Captain,  Oct.  2\,  1863;  mustered  out  June  23,  1864.  In  command  of  the  com 
pany  from  Dec.  I,  1863  to  June  23,  1864. 

FI  RST   LIEUTENANTS. 

JOSEPH  D.  WICKHAM,  aged  30;  Second  Lieutenant,  April  25  ;   First  Lieutenant,  July 

29;  resigned  Oct.  11,  1861. 
MATTHEW  S.  GREGORY,  aged   21;    Sergeant,   May  27;  First   Lieutenant,  Oct.    15, 

1 86 1  ;  resigned  July  21,  1862. 
WILLIAM  H.  TERWILLIGER,  aged  25;  Sergeant,  May  27,   1861  ;  First  Lieutenant, 

July  21,  1862;  wounded   at  the   Battle  of  Antietam  ;   resigned  Jan.  i,  1863;  see 

OFFICERS  PROMOTED  FROM. 
WILLIAM  S.   MORRIS,  aged   22;  Private,   May  27,  1861  ;   First   Lieutenant,  Oct.   21, 

1863  ;  wounded  at  the  Battle  of  Laurel  Hill;  mustered  out  June  23,  1864. 

SECOND  LIEUTENANTS. 

DAVID  W.  ANDERSON,  aged  45  ;  Acting  Second  Lieutenant,  April  30  ;  Second  Lieu 
tenant,  July  29,  1 86 1  ;  honorably  discharged,  Oct.  20,  1862. 

FRANK  F.  CARTTR,  aged  27,  Corporal  Company  A,  May  27,  1861;  Sergeant,—, 
1862;  Second  Lieutenant  Company  G,  Oct  2,  1863;  wounded  at  the  Battle  of 
Laurel  Hill;  mustered  out  June  23,  1864, 


458 


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466  THE    NINTH    NEW    YORK.  June 


COMPANY  H. 
ORIGINAL  VOLUNTEERS  AND   RECRUITS  OF  1861   AND   1862. 

CAPTAINS. 

GEORGE  TUTHILL,  aged  36;  Captain,  May  24;  resigned  Nov.  21,  1861. 

JOHN  T.  LOCKMAN,  aged  26;  Private  Company  C,  April  19;  First  Lieutenant,  Com 
pany  H,  May  24;  Captain,  Nov.  25,  1861  ;  resigned  Sept.  23,  1862  ;  see  OFFICERS 
PROMOTED  FROM. 

ISAAC  E.  HOAGLAND,  aged  21  ;  Private  Company  A,  May  15,  1861  ;  First  Lieutenant 
Company  B,  Jan.  2  ;  Captain,  Company  H,  Sept.  22,  1862  ;  discharged  for  disabil 
ity,  Jan.  7,  1863. 

HENRY  A.  VAN  PELT,  aged  24;  Corporal, May  27,  1861  ;  Sergeant,  — ;  First  Lieuten 
ant,  Jan.  7  ;  Captain,  Dec.  18,  1863;  honorably  discharged  April  17,  1864. 

FIRST   LIEUTENANTS. 

ISAAC  P.  LOCKMAN,  aged  29;  Private,  April  19;  Corporal,  May  24;  Sergeant,  June  8; 
First  Lieutenant,  Nov.  25,  1861  ;  resigned  June  24,  1862  ;  see  OFFICERS  PROMO 
TED  FROM. 

FELIX  HIRT,  aged  30;  Corporal  Company  B,  May  27,  1861  ;  Sergeant,  — ;  First 
Lieutenant  Company  H,  June  24;  killed  at  the  Battle  of  Fredericksburg  Dec.  13, 
1862. 

HENRY  C.  BARNUM,  aged  23  ;  Private  Company  L,  Sept.  9,  1861  ;  Corporal,  — ;  Ser 
geant,  — ;  Second  Lieutenant,  Oct.  i,  1863;  First  Lieutenant  Company  H,  Jan.  4  ; 
mustered  out  June  23,  1864.  In  command  of  the  company  from  April  17  to  June 
23,  1864. 

SECOND  LIEUTENANTS. 

CHARLES  E.  TUTHILL,  discharged  by  promotion  ;  see  Field  and   Staff  Officers. 
JOHN  CLEMENTS,  aged  39;  First  Sergeant,  May  27  ;  Second  Lieutenant,  Oct.  3,  1861  ; 

resigned  Nov.  i,  1862. 
AUGUSTUS  P.  BUTLER,  aged  36;    Private  Company  C,  May  27,   1861  ;  Corporal,  — ; 

Sergeant,  —  ;  Second  Lieutenant  Company  A,  Dec.  31,  1862;  resigned  July  30, 

1863;  re-commissioned  Second  Lieutenant,  Company  H,  Oct.  22,  1863;  mustered 

out  June  23,  1864. 


1864 


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HEENAR,  JAMES.  .  .  . 

KERNEY,  CHARLES  I 
KNIGHT,  THOMAS  \\ 

MARTIN,  FRANK  C. 
MAHNKEN,  JOHN..  . 

MAZE,  AUGUSTUS  B 
McCouRT,  HENRY.. 

MCDERMOTT,  JOHN. 
MCDERMOTT,  THOM 
MCGRATH,  JOSEPH 

MCLANE,  JAMES  
MILLER,  WILLIAM.. 

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PELTON,  HENRY  F. 
PIERSON,  IRA  A  
PINARD  H.  NELSON. 

POILLON,  CLARK  C. 
RUSSELL,  WILLIAM 

1864 


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Transferred  to  the  971)1  N.  Y.  Vols. 
Transferred  to  the  97th  N.  Y.  Vols. 
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Transferred  to  the  Navy. 
Killed  at  the  Battle  of  Cold  Harbor. 
Discharged  for  disability. 
Transferred  to  the  97th  N.  Y.  Vols. 
Died  of  wounds  received  at  the  Battle  of  Laurel  Hill  ;  buried 
in  the  Nat.  Cemetery  at  Alexandria,  grave  No.  2026. 
Transferred  to  the  97th  N.  Y.  Vols. 
Discharged  for  disability. 
Transferred  to  the  97th  N.  Y.  Vols. 

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COWLES,  MATTHE\\ 
DARRAH,  GEORGE. 

FOHRMAN,  FERDIN 
FORNEY,  PATRICK. 
GILES,  GEORGE..  .  . 
GOODMAN,  \VILLIA 
JONES,  WILLIAM.  . 
HAYDEN,  JAMES.  .  . 

JABBITT,  JOSEPH.  . 

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1 864 


OFFICIAL    RECORD    OF    SERVICE. 


473 


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474  THE    NINTH    NEW    YORK.  June 


COMPANY  I. 
ORIGINAL   VOLUNTEERS   AND  RECRUITS  OF  1861   AND  1862. 

CAPTAINS. 

PETER  J.  CLAASSEN,  aged  33  ;  Captain,  July  17,  1861  ;  resigned  May  22,  1862  ;  see 
OFFICERS  PROMOTED  FROM. 

ENO  J.  CLAASSEN,  aged  21;  Second  Lieutenant,  July  17  ;  First  Lieutenant,  Dec.  2, 
1 86 1  ;  Captain  from  May  22  to  Nov.  30,  1862. 

WILLIAM  J.  BARNES,  aged  20;  Private  Company  F,  May  27,  1861  ;  Color-Bearer  at 
Antietam  and  Fredericksburg ;  Second  Lieutenant  Company  I,  Feb.  2;  prisoner 
at  the  Battle  of  Gettysburg,  July  i ;  Captain,  Oct.  3,  1863;  (not  mustered  as  cap 
tain,  having  been  held  by  the  enemy)  mustered  out  Jan.  5,  1865. 

FIRST  LIEUTENANTS. 

GEORGE  H.  WHEATON,  aged  24;  First  Lieutenant,  July  17;  resigned  Dec.  i,  1861  ; 
see  OFFICERS  PROMOTED  FROM. 

GEORGE  E.  ALLEN,  aged  28;  Sergeant,  July  17;  Second  Lieutenant,  Dec.  31,  1861  ; 
First  Lieutenant,  May  22,  1862;  discharged  for  wounds  received  at  the  Battle  of 
Fredericksburg,  March  10,  1863. 

BENJAMIN  F.  BOWNK,  aged  23;  Corporal,  July  17  ;  Sergeant,  Dec.  21,  1861  ;  wounded 
at  the  Battles  of  Antietam,  Fredericksburg  and  Gettysburg,  July  i  ;  .First  Lieu 
tenant,  Oct,  i,  1863  ;  wounded  at  the  Battle  of  Spottsylvania,  May  10  ;  mustered 
out  June  23,  1864.  In  command  of  the  company  from  Oct.  21,  1863,  to  May  10, 
1864. 

SECOND  LIEUTENANTS. 

JULIEN  E.  ALLIEN,  aged  21  ;  Corporal  Company  D.May  27;  Ordnance  Sergeant, 
Nov.  24,  1861  ;  Second  Lieutenant,  Company  I,  May  22;  honorably  discharged 
Oct.  10,  1862. 

THOMAS  W.  HIGGS,  discharged  by  promotion  ;  see  Officers  of  Company  L. 

JOHN  W.  McCORT,  aged  18;  Private  Company  A,  Oct.  5,  1861  ;  Corporal,  —  ;  Ser 
geant,  —  ;  Second  Lieutenant  Company  I,  Jan.  i  ;  mustered  out  June  23,  1864. 


T864 


OFFICIAL     RECORD    OF    SERVICE. 


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BULLOCK,  JOHN  H.  . 
BURKE,  MICHAEL  T.  . 

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CASEY,  JOHN  F  
CHAMBERS,  JAMES.  .  .  . 

COLES,  JOHN  H  
CURTIN,  DANIEI  
DENNIS,  ROBERT  B.. 
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JARVIS,  RICHARD..  .  . 
JONES,  SAMUEL  B.  .  . 
JORDON,  JOHN  P.  ... 
KENNEDY,  PATRICK. 

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RIKER,  ROBERT  L 

Ross,  JAMES  
SHAW,  GEORGE  H. 
SHORROCK,  RALPF 

STEWART,  EDWAR 

SWEET,  HENRY.  .  . 
TOWER,  LUCIEN  N 
TRAINER,  JOSEPH 

WARD,  SEYMOUR  j 
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YOUNGMAN,  THEO 

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HYDROM,  HENRY  .  . 
JARVIS,  HENRY.  .  .  

JASSMAN,  JOSEPH.  
JONES,  WILLIAM  
KEELER,  THOMAS  
KOEING,  PETER  

KRASS,  ENTON  
LANGLOIS,  -WILLIAM  

LANIGAN,  JOHN  
LOCKE,  JAMES  
MARTHIES,  AUGUSTUS... 
MARTIN,  MICHAEL  
MAURICE,  JOACHAM  
MONTGOMERY,  HENRY.  .  . 
MONTO,  DANIEL  
MORGAN,  HENRY  

Moss,  SIMON  C  
MURPHY,  JOHN  
NEDDO,  BENJAMIN  

1 864 


OFFICIAL    RECORD    OF    SERVICE. 


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PLANKEY,  FRANK 

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ZIM.MER,  THEODOP 

THE    MNTII    AL\\     VOKK.  June 


COMPANY  K. 

"SIXTH  NEW  YORK  INDEPENDENT  BATTERY." 
ORIGINAL  VOLUNTEERS  AND  RECRUITS  OF  1861  AND  1864. 

CAPTAINS. 

*THOMAS  B     BUNTING,  aged  29;  Private  Co.    D,  7th  N.  Y.  S.  M.,  Aug.  17,  1857; 

Second  Lieutenant  Company  K  — ,  1859;  volunteered  April   19,  mustered  into  U. 

;S.  service  April  26,  mustered  out  June  3,  1861.     Captain  Co.  K,  91)1  N.  Y.  S.  M., 

from  June  20,  1861  to  Jan.  23,  1862. 
WALTER  M.  BRAMHALL,  aged  21  ;  First  Lieutenant  June  20,  1861  ;  wounded,  "four 

times,"  al  the  battle  of  Balls  Bluff;  Captain  Jan  23,  1862  ;  resigned  Feb.  16,  1863, 
JOSEPH  \V.  MARTIN,  aged  22;  Second  Lieutenant,  June  20.  1861  ;  First  Lieutenant* 

Jan.  27,  1862;  Captain,  Feb.  16,  1863;  honorably  discharged  Feb.  16,  1865. 
MOSES  P.  CLARK,  aged  24;  Sergeant,  June  15,  1861  ;  Second  Lieutenant,  Jan.  27,  1862  : 

First  Lieutenant,  Feb.  16,  1863;  Captain,  Feb.  18,  mustered  out  July  8,  3865. 

In  command  of  the  Company  from  Feb.  i6th  to  July  8th,  1865,  which  was 

mustered  out  in  accordance  with  Order  No.  105,  of  the  War  Department,  dated 

June  2,  1865. 

FIRST  LIEUTENANTS. 

GEORGE  BROWN,  JR.,  aged  21;  Corporal  June  15,  Sergeant  Aug.  8,  1861  ;  Second 
Lieutenant  Jan.  27,  First  Lieutenent  Feb.  19,  1862;  mustered  out  June  20,  1864. 

J.  WADE  WILSON,  aged  31;  Private  Sept.  17,  1861;  Corporal,—  — , — ;  Sergeant, 
Jan.  27,  1862;  Second  Lieutenant,  Feb.  16,  1863;  First  Lieutenant,  June  21,  1864; 
mustered  out  July  8,  1865. 

SECOND  LIEUTENANTS. 

WASHINGTON  A.  ROEBLING,  aged  24;  Private  June  15,  Sergeant  June  21,  1861  ;  Sec 
ond  Lieutenant,  Jan.  23,  1862;  discharged  by  promotion;  see  OFFICERS  PRO 
MOTED  FROM. 

STEPHEN  W.  CHURCH,  aged  23;  Private  loth  N.  Y.  Battery,  March  17,  1862  ;  Second 
Lieutenant,  Nov.  i,  1863;  transferred  to  "Sixth  N.  Y.  Ind.  Battery,"  June  21, 
1864;  honorably  discharged  April  7,  1865. 

ARTHUR  J.  DEAR,  aged  27  Second  Lieutenant,  June  21,  1864;  mustered  out  July  8, 
1865. 

*  Entered  the  Regular  Army  of  the  Republic  of  Guatemala;  Captain  and  Chief  of 
Artillery  Jan.  9,  General  of  Brigade  March  3,  General  of  Division  May  30,  1876;  re 
signed  June  26,  1 88 1.  Received  the  thanks  of  the  Republic  in  general  orders,  "for 
services  rendered." 


Ol:  MCI  A  I,    RECORD    OF    SERVICE. 


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GEORGE  SMITH  

ARCHIBALD  A.  SNODG 
JOHN  H.  STANTON.  .  . 

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WILLIAM  H.  TURNER 
JOHN  B.  WINSLOW... 

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1864 


OFFICIAL    RECORD    OF    SERVICE. 


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IT. 

TAMES  MONTGOMERY.  . 
F.DWARD  ST.  CLAIR  Mo 
GEORGE  W.  MOORE.  .  . 
CHARLES  C.  MORRELL. 
JOSEPH  B.  OLIVER  

JOSEPH  M.  POTTER.  .  .  . 
GEORGE  PRIESE  
MICHAEL  A.  ROGERS.. 
DAVID  WHEELER  

ARTIFICER 

AMOS  A.  DECKER  
ADAM  DUTROW  
LUTHER  HILVERTY.... 
FRANKLIN  W.  MOORE. 
JAMES  WILLIAMS  

FARRIER? 

ROBERT  S.  MOORE  

BUGLERS 

FREDERICK  HAUCK... 
JOHN  HEATH  
FRANK  V.  W.  JEWELL. 
JOHN  W.  MARTIN 
JOHN  POTTER  
STEPHEN  STRIEBEL  

GUIDONS. 

UEL  FREEMAN  
CORNELIUS  H.  MILLER 

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.  .  .  .  jMustered  out  with  the  company. 
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.  .  ..  jDischarged  at  expiration  of  term. 
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Company  I. 
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ILDRETH,  WlLLIA:^ 

ILL,  BENJAMIN  W 
ILL,  GEORGE  

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K.ONARD,  CHARLES 

E\'Y,  LOUIS.  .  .... 

EWIS,  PATRICK.  .  . 
JWNEY,  WILLIAM. 

ANGE,  CHARLES.  .  . 
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SVM,  JOHN  W  
THOMAS,  CHARLES  A 
TRUSSLER,  EDWARD 
TRUSSLER,  JUSTUS  D' 
TUCKER,  AMOS  
VAIL,  CHARLES  R.  .  . 

M  j?  en  j  o-  E:  ±  <j?  Sg  . 

OFFICIAL    RKCUKD'   OK    SKKVICE  493 


COMPANY    L. 
ORIGINAL   VOLUNTEERS   AND  RECRUITS  OF  1861  AND  1862. 

CAPTAINS. 

ERASTUS  R.  MILLER,  aged  33;  First  Lieutenant  Company  C,  May  29;  Captain  Com 
pany  L,  Sept.  i,  1 86 1  ;  honorably  discharged  Oct.  8,  1862. 

HEi-JRY  V.  WILLIAMSON,  discharged  by  promotion;  see  Field  and  Staff  Officers. 

JOHN  I.  VAN  ALST,  JR.,  aged  20 ;  Private,  Sept.  2  ;  Corporal,  Dec.  26,  1861  ;  Sergeant, 
Feb.  14;  Sergeant-Major,  June  2;  First  Lieutenant,  Oct.  i;  Captain,  Dec.  21, 
1863;  wounded  at  the  Battle  of  Laurel  Hill ;  mustered  out  June  23,  1864.  In 
command  of  the  company  from  Oct.  5,  1863  to  May  8,  1864. 

FIRST  LIEUTENANTS. 

A.  MARTIN  BURTIS,  discharged  by  promotion  ;  see  Field  and  Staff  Officers. 

ANDREW  B.  STILES,  aged  19;  Private  Company  D,  May  27;  Second  Lieutenant 
Company  L,  Sept.  I,  1 86 1  ;  First  Lieutenant,  July  21  ;  resigned  Dec.  28,  1862. 

JOHN  M.  K.  CONNOLLY,  discharged  by  promotion  ;  see  officers  of  Company  A. 

THOMAS  W.  HIGGS,  aged  26;  First  Sergeant  Company  I,  July  17,  1861  ;  Second  Lieu 
tenant,  Oct.  2;  First  Lieutenant  Company  L,  Dec.  21,  1863;  mustered  out  June 
23,  1864. 

SECOND  LIEUTENANTS. 

FlTZHUGH  SMITH,  aged  24;  Private  Company  C,  May  27  ;  Corporal,  June  — ,  1861  ; 

Commissary  Sergeant,  Oct.  21;  Second   Lieutenant  Company  L.Dec.   17,  1862; 

honorably  discharged  June  30,  1863. 
HENRY  C.  BARNUM,  discharged  by  promotion  ;  see  Officers  of  Company  H. 


494 


THE    NINTH    NEW    YORK. 


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1-r.r.rnl  -  Q«r,reor,t  •  v»8r.i;c*»/4  T 

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Officers. 

Wounded  at  the  Battle  of  Fredericksburg;  transferred  to  the 
97th  and  to  the  94th  N.  Y.  Vols.;  mustered  out. 
Transferred  to  the  2nd  Vet.  Res.  Corps,  Feb.  14,  1864;  mus 
tered  out. 

Reenlisted  Feb.  9,  1864;  transferred  to  the  97th  N.  Y.Vols.  ; 
Corporal,  —  ;•  discharged  at  expiration  of  term. 
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Jattle  of  Fredericksburg. 
r  disability. 

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burg. 
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CONNOR,  CHARLES  
CRAIG,  WILLIAM  A..  .  . 
CRANFORD,  EDENEZER.  . 
CURTIS,  WILLIAM  
DAILEY,  FREDERICK  15. 
DARLING,  WILLIAM  H.  . 

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AMES,  CHARLES  M.  . 
BAILEY,  ALDEN  B.  .  . 
BAILEY,  WILLIAM  S 

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BROPHY,  PATRICK  J. 
BROWN,  SAMUEL  .  .  . 

BURNS,  THOMAS  
CALLAN,  PATRICK.  .  . 

COCHRANE,  JOHN  H. 

OFFICIAL    RECORD    OF    SERVICE. 


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CO.  REMARKS.  L. 

I  J 

.  I  Wounded  at  the  Battle  of  Antietam  ;  killed  at  the  Battle  of 
Fredericksburg. 
.  Prisoner  at  the  Battle  of  Gettysburg  ;  transferred  to  the  97th 
N.  Y.  Vols.  ;  discharged  for  disability. 
.  Discharged  for  disability. 
.  Transferred  to  company  B. 
.  Transferred  to  company  B. 
.  Discharged  for  wounds  received  at  the  Battle  of  Antietam. 
.  Killed  at  the  Battle  of  Fredericksburg. 
.  Transferred  to  company  B. 
.  Discharged  for  disability. 
.  Discharged  by  promotion  ;  see  OFFICERS  PROMOTED 
FROM. 

.  .  Reenlisted  from  Company  D,  Feb.  14,  1864;  transferred  to 
97th  N.  Y.  Vols.  ;  discharged  at  expiration  of  term. 
.  .  Transferred  to  the  97th  and  to  the  94th  N.  Y.  Vols. 
Transferred  to  the  97th  and  to  the  94th  N.  Y.  Vols.  June  18, 
1864  ;  mustered  out. 
.  .  Transferred  to  the  97th  and  to  the  94th  N.  Y.  Vols. 
.  .  Wounded  at  the  Battle  of  Antietam  ;  transferred  to  the  2nd 
Battery  U.  S.  A. 
.  .  Discharged  for  wounds  received  at  the  Battle  of  Fredericks 
burg. 
Transferred  to  the  Navy,  "  for  service  on  the  Mississippi 
river." 

Discharged  for  wounds  received  at  the  Battle  of  Bull  Run, 
1862. 

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OSBORNE,  JEREMIAH  

PLATT,  GEORGE  C  

ROBERTS,  THOMAS  
RODGERS,  HEN^Y  
ROLSTON,  JAMES  J  
SIMPSON,  JOHN  
SKINNER,  CHARLES  
SMITH,  GEORGE  E  
SMITH,  WM.  WALLACE.  .  . 
SOUTHWORTH.  CHESTER  H 

SPRINGER,  JOHN  W. 

SUPPLE,  JOHN  
THOMPSON,  JAMES.... 

^  CO 

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VOSHAGE,  ADOLPH.  .  . 

WATSON,  SAMUEL  S  .  . 

WHAITE,  CHARLES  

WTILLETT,  JOHN  C.. 
WILSEY,  CHARLES.. 
WILSEY,  HARVEY  B 
WOOD,  EMANUEL  F 

WILLIS,  JOHN  

1 864 


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RCHER,  FREDERIC 
RAUT,  GEORGE  .  .  .  . 
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MCCLELLAN,  RO 
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MONTEY,  BENJA* 
MOORE,  GEORGE 

MUNGER,  DAVID 

NIEBUHR,  PETER 
OGDEN,  ARCHIBA 

OGDEN,  SOLOMON 

RIESSON,  JOHN  F 
ROBINSON,  LEVI  . 

STOCKWELL,  LEW 
STOLL,  GEORGE. 

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WALLER,  WILLL 
WELSH,  HENRY. 

5O2  THE    NINTH    NEW    YORK.  1864 


CHAPTER    XXII. 

REORGANIZATION    IN    1864— TO    1869. 

The  Home  Organization  During  the  War. —  Reorganization  of  the  Regiment  as  the 
NINTH  N.G.  S.  N.  Y. — 1864. — Celebrating  Union  Victories. — Funeral  of  President 
Lincoln. — The  NINTH  Uniformed. — New  Companies  Formed. — 1866. — The 
NINTH  Occupies  its  New  Armory. — Review  and  Drill  of  Third  Brigade. — Fourth  of 
July. — General  Hall  in  Command  of  First  Division. — The  New  Company  I. — Fall 
Inspection. — Colors  Presented  by  the  State. — Colonel  Wilcox's  Reply. — Governor's 
Day. — 1867. — Company  G's  Reception. — Chaplain  Chapin's  Lecture. — Celebrating- 
the  Departure  for  the  War. — General  Shaler  in  Command  of  the  First  Division. — 
Fall  Inspection  Report. — 1868. — Washington's  Birthday. — A  New  Uniform. — 
Fall  Inspection  Report. — 1869. — Ball  at  Academy  of  Music. — Visit  of  the  NINTH 
to  Stamford,  Conn. — Resignation  of  Captain  and  ex-Colonel  John  W.  Davis. 

THE   HOME  ORGANIZATION  DURING  THE  WAR. 

"HE  members  of  the  regiment  who  did  not  enter  the  U.  S. 
service  at  the  muster-in  on  June  8th,  1861,  concluded  to 
form  an  organization  for  the  purpose  of  keeping  alive  the 
military  spirit,  and  to  look  after  the  interests  of  the  regiment  in 
the  field  and  care  for  those  who  should  return  sick  or  wounded. 
Eor  this  purpose  Company  C,  "  City  Guard,"  which — notwith 
standing  the  active  company  was  in  the  field — still  existed  in  the 
city  in  a  semi-social-military-capacity,  was  made  use  of  as  a 
rallying  point,  with  headquarters  at  654  Broadway,  where, 
almost  every  evening,  some  of  the  members  might  be  found. 
Each  week  a  drill  was  held  and  the  members  exercised  in  the 
school  of  the  soldier. 

Correspondence  was  opened  with  a  number  of  officers  and 
men  at  the  war,  and  headquarters  soon  became  a  bureau  of 
information  to  those  who  had  relatives  or  friends  in  the 
regiment. 

The  home  society,  by  this  means,  rendered   valuable  service 


1864  TIIK    HOME    ORGANIZATION.  503 

to  the  anxious  ones,  especially  after  the  battles  in  which  the 
regiment  was  engaged.  Headquarters  also  became  the  military 
home  of  those  who  were  in  the  city  on  furlough,  or  who  had 
been  honorably  discharged  from  the  regiment. 

On  April  23,  1862,  the  Legislature  passed  an  act  changing 
yhe  name  of  the  State  troops  from  Militia  to  NATIONAL  GUARD. 

The  following  orders  show  what  official  action  was  taken  in 
rhe  reorganization  of  the  home  regiment  : 


New  York,  Aug.  i8f/i,  1862. 
GENERAL  ORDER,  J 
No.  — .          ( 

In  compliance  with  Section  13  of  the  Militia  Law  (Col.  J.  W.  Stiles,  commanding 
f.he  NINTH  Regiment,  being  now  on  duty  with  said  Regimental  the  seat  of  war)  Capt. 
J.  W.  Davis,  commanding  Company  1)  of  said  Regiment,  will,  until  further  orders, 
assume  command  of  the  NINTH  Regimental  District,  and  assign  such  line  officers  of  said 
Regiment  as  may  he  in  the  city,  and  supernumerary  line  officers,  or  non-commissioned 
officers,  to  take  command  of  the  several  company  districts  of  said  Regiment,  and 
give  to  them  the  necessary  notices  for  the  Annual  Parade,  and  make  due  returns  or 
roster  thereof,  pursuant  to  Section  13  of  the  Militia  Law.  Capt.  Davis  will  forthwith 
make  a  return  of  the  appointments  aforesaid  to  the  Brigadier-General  at  his  quarters, 
543  Broadway. 

By  order  of 

WM.  HALL, 
Brigadier-General,  yi  Brigade, 

N.  Y.  S.  'Militia. 


HEADQUARTERS  9TH  REGT.  N.  V.  N.  G., 

21    U'cst  14//1  Street,  N.  Y.  City, 

Aug.  19,  1862. 
GENERAL  ORDERS,  \ 
No.  i.  ( 

SIR  : — In  obedience  to  above  order  you  are  appointed  to  the  command  of  Company 
F  District,  bounded  by  34th  and  401)1  streets  and  Lexington  and  Second  avenues. 

You  will  at  once  cause  the  notices  enclosed  to  be  posted  up  in  three  prominent 
places  in  the  said  district,  and  on  the  first  Monday  in  September,  at  ten  o'clock  A.  M., 
appear  in  uniform  at  the  district  rendezvous  and  take  the  names  of  such  persons  liable  to 
military  duty,  as  may  appear,  and  send  the  same  to  these  headquarters  without  delay. 

By  order, 

CAPT.  J.  W.  DAVIS, 

Commanding . 

HENRY  S.  BROOKS, 

Acting  Adjutant. 
To  Lieut.  CHAS.  R.  BRAINE, 

9///  Reg't.  N    Y.  N.  G. 


504  THE    MXTII    NEW    YORK.  1864 

HEADQUARTERS  30  BRIO.  N.  Y.  S.  M., 

AVw  Fw-X-,  Oct.  17,  1862. 
SPECIAL   ORDER,  ) 

No.  — .  { 

John  W.  Davis,  Captain  Company  I),  commanding  Qth  Regt.  N.  Y.  N.  G.,  is  hereby 
directed  to  order  such  portions  of  the  Regiment  that  are  not  away  with  the  83d  N. 
Y.  Vols.  to  parade  for  inspection  at  the  Drill  Room,  cor.  Thirteenth  Street  and 
University  Place,  on  Thursday,  3Oth  inst.,  at  three  o'clock  P.  M. 

By  order, 

WM.  HALL, 

Brig. -Gen.  Comdg.  yi  Brig. 
W.  PEARSALL, 

A.  D.  C. 

HEADQUARTERS  QTH  RK<;T.  N.  Y.  N.  G., 

AV«>  York,  Oct.  1 8,  1862. 
GEN.  ORDERS,  } 

No.  2          f 

SIR  : — In  compliance  with  above  order,  you  will  assemble,  without  arms,  such 
members  of  your  company  as  are  not  on  duty  with  the  83(1  Regt.  N.  Y.  Vols.,  in 
fatigue  dress,  or  such  portions  thereof  as  may  be  in  their  possession,  or  in  citizen's 
dress,  at  the  place  appointed  at  two  o'clock  P.  M. 

You  will  also  bring  a  memorandum  of  such  arms  and  equipments  belonging  to  the 
State,  as  may  be  in  possession  of  your  Company,  together  with  a  register  of  your  com 
mand.  All  enrolled  members  unaccounted  for  will  be  considered  as  having  left  the 
Regiment,  and  their  names  will  be  handed  to  the  Commissioner  of  Jurors. 

By  order, 

CAPT.  JOHN  W.  DAVIS, 
Commanding . 

HENRY  S.  BROOKS, 

Acting  Adjutant. 
To  Lieut.  CHAS.  R.  BRAINE, 

Comdg .  Company  F  g//i  J\cgt.  A'.   )'.  .V.  G. 


[CIRCULAR.] 

HEADQUARTERS  QTH  REGT.  N.  Y.  N.  G., 

A'i'zv  York,  Nov.  i,  1862. 

SIR  : — The  Captain  commanding  desires  me  to  state  to  you,  that  he  has  with  pleasure 
learned  from  Brig. -Gen.  Hall,  that  he  lias  proper  authority  to  countersign  members 
certificates. 

Your  company  may  therefore  be  filled  up  in  accordance  with  the  several  provis 
ions  of  the  Militia  La'.v  of  the  State,  passed  April  23,  1862.  ///  doing  so  you  will, 
however,  use  due  care  that  you  do  not  infringe  on  tlte  rights  of  any  officer  or  mem 
ber  absent  at  the  seat  of  war. 

I  am,  sir, 

Your  obedient  servant, 

HENRY  S.  BROOKS, 

I.ieitt.  and  Act  Adjutant. 


COLONEL  JOHN   W.   DAVIS. 


1 864  ORDKRS.  505 

HEADQUARTERS  9TH  REGT.  N.  Y.  N.  G.. 

New  York,  Oct.  31.  1862. 
SPECIAL  ORDER,  ) 
No.  i.  \ 

A  meeting  of  the  Commissioned  Officers  of  this  Regiment  will  be  held  at  the 
Armory,  corner  of  University  Place  and  Thirteenth  Street,  on  Friday  evening,  Nov 
ember  7th,  at  eight  o'clock,  to  take  measures  for  the  welfare  of  that  part  of  the  com 
mand  remaining  in  the  city. 

By  order, 

CAPT.  JOHN  \V.  DAVIS, 

Commanding . 
HENRY  S  BROOKS, 

Lieut,  and  Actg.  Adjt. 

Early  in  1863  four  more  companies,  A,  D,  E  and  F,  had 
been  partially  formed.  In  July,  during  the  draft  riots,  a 
detachment  of  the  NINTH  VKTERANS,  under  the  command  of 
ex-Lieutenant-Colonel  Rutherford,  guarded  the  property  of 
the  U.  S.  Government  stores  at  Nos.  90  and  108  Franklin 
Street  :* 

In  the  following  Order  the  Adjutant-General  directed  the 
.election  of  field  officers,  etc: 

GENERAL  HEADQUARTERS  STATE  OF  NEW  YORK, 

Adjutant-General's  Office, 

Albany,  July -21th,  1863. 

SPECIAL  ORDERS,  } 
No.  443.          ( 

Major-General  Charles  W.  Sanford,  commanding  First  Division,  National  Guard  of 
the  State  of  New  York,  is  hereby  directed  to  fill  up  all  vacancies  in  the  NINTH  Regi 
ment  N.  G.  S.  N.  Y. 

He  will  direct  an  election  to  be  held  for  field  officers,  and  report  the  same  to  this  de 
partment. 

By  order  of  the  Commander-in-Chief, 

JOHN  T.  SI'RAGUE, 

Adjutant-General. 

Above  Order  was  promulgated  from  First  Division  Head 
quarters  July  29,  1863,  and  by  Gen  Order,  No.  2,  from  Head 
quarters  of  the  NINTH  Regiment  on  July  30,  1863. 

The  election  was  held  on  Friday,  Aug.  7,  1863,  at  the 
Division  Armory,  corner  White  and  Elm  Streets,  at  four  o'clock 
P.  M.;  resulting  in  the  choice  of  Capt.  John  W.  Davis  for 
Colonel  ;  ex-Lieut.-Colonel  Allan  Rutherford  for  Lieut- 


506  THE    NINTH    NEW    YORK.  1864 

Colonel ;  Lieut.  Charles  R.  Braine  for  Major.  Henry  S.  Brooks 
was  appointed  Adjutant,  and  Abner  Mellen,  Quartermaster. 
The  line  officers  were  : 

Company  A,  Captain  Wm.  J.  Vreclenburgh  ;  First  Lieu 
tenant,  Alexander  McCook;  Second  Lieutenant,  Charles  C. 
Reed.  Company  C,  Captain,  John  P.  Newkirk;  First  Lieu 
tenant,  David  Banks,  Jr.;  Second  Lieutenant,  Henry  C.Jones. 
Company  D,  Captain  Ralph  A.  Lanning.  Company  E, 
Captain  Henry  C.  Smith  ;  First  Lieutenant,  John  Meeks,  Jr. 
Company  F,  Captain  Charles  S.  Strong. 

Several  of  the  line  officers  held  commissions  issued  previous 
to  the  war,  but  the  others — -and  the  entire  field  and  staff — were 
not  commissioned,  because  of  the  fact  that  the  register  of  the 
NINTH  Regiment  was  already  filled  by  the  officers  in  the  field. 
The  headquarters  of  the  regiment  was  established  in  the 
rooms  of  Company  C,  654  Broadway.  It  would  be  difficult 
to  determine  the  exact  status  of  this  home  organization,  but 
in  its  semi-official  condition  it  existed  until  the  return  of  the 
regiment,  when  a  thorough  reorganization  was  effected. 

On  the  5th  of  February,  1864,  Colonel  Davis  withdrew  as 
Colonel  elect,  and  on  March  igth  an  election  was  held  to 
fill  the  vacancy,  resulting  in  the  choice  of  John  H.  Wilcox,  then 
Colonel  and  Inspector-General  of  the  First  division,  N.  G., 
S.  N.  Y.  On  June  i3th  Orders,  No  10,  from  brigade  head 
quarters  formally  announced  the  result. 

When  the  "  war  "  regiment  returned  enough  of  the  vet 
erans  were  found  willing  to  form  another  company — G — which 
was  soon  increased  by  the  enlistment  of  others,  and  ex-Major 
Dabney  W.  Diggs  was  elected  Captain,  Gilbert  S.  King  First 
Lieutenant,  and  Benjamin  F.  Martin  Second  Lieutenant,  on 
July  2  /th. 

During  the  Summer  and  Fall  the  matter  of  reorganizing  the 
regiment,  and  having  it  again  resume  a  position  among  the 
regiments  of  the  National  Guard  was  industriously  canvassed. 
Neither  uniforms,  arms  nor  equipments  had  been  furnished 
to  but  few  of  the  members,  and  when,  on  October  24th,  the 


ru- 


COL.  AND  B'Y'T  BRTG.-GEN.  JOHN  H.  WILCOX. 


1 865  ASSASSINATION'    OF    LINCOLN. 


507 


battalion  appeared  for  inspection  they  mostly  wore  citizen's 
clothes;  only  one  hundred  and  five,  out  of  a  total  of  two 
hundred  and  eleven,  were  even  present.  On  the  I4th  of 
December  Company  B  was  reorganized,  and  elected  James  R. 
Hitchcock,  Captain,  William  Farrell,  First,  and  Robert  B. 
Martin,  Second  Lieutenant. 

On  the  1 6th  of  the  month  Company  A  of  the  Eighth  regi 
ment  (organized  in  1812,  and  known  as  the  State  Fencibles), 
commanded  by  Captain  James  O.  Johnston,  was,  by  Special 
Order,  No.  598,  A.  G.  O.,  transferred  to  the  NINTH,  and  lettered 
H.  This  company  was  a  valuable  addition.  The  Lieutenants 
were  Henry  C.  Barwis  and  Robert  B.  Young. 

On  February  i5th,  1865,  by  virtue  of  General  Order,  No.  i, 
of  that  date,  Morris'  (Brig.-Gen.  Win.  H.)  tactics  were  adopted 
for  the  National  Guard. 

On  the  6th  of  March  the  First  division  paraded  in 
celebration  of  the  Union  victories  at  Fort  McAllister  ; 
Savannah  ;  Fort  Sumter  ;  Charleston  ;  Fort  Fisher  ;  Wilming 
ton  ;  and  Columbia.  The  glorious  news  from  Appomattox  in 
April  stirred  the  hearts  of  the  men  of  the  NINTH,  and  when, 
a  few  days  later,  came  the  terrible  announcement  of  Lincoln's 
assassination  and  death,  they,  in  common  with  the  whole 
country,  mourned  the  Nation's  loss. 

The    following    Order     was    issued    to    the    Army    of    the 

Potomac  : 

HEADQUARTERS  ARMY  OF  THE  POTOMAC. 

April\dth,  1865. 
GENERAL  ORDERS,  ) 
No.  15.  \ 

The  Major-General  Commanding  announces  to  the  Army  that  official  intelligence 
has  been  received  of  the  death,  by  assassination,  of  the  President  of  the  United  States. 
The  President  died  at  7.22,  on  the  morning  of  the  I5th  instant. 

By  this  Army,  this  announcement  will  be  received  with  profound  sorrow,  and  dee]) 
horror  and  indignation.  The  President  by  the  active  interest  he  ever  took  in  the 
welfare  of  this  Army,  and  by  his  presence  in  frequent  visits,  especially  during  the 
recent  operations,  had  particularly  endeared  himself  to  both  officers  and  soldiers,  all  of 
whom  regarded  him  as  a  generous  friend. 

An  honest  man.  a  noble  patriot,  and  sagacious  statesman  has  fallen  !  No  greater  loss, 
at  this  particular  moment,  could  have  befallen  our  country.  Whilst  we  bow  with  sub 
mission  to  the  unfathomable  and  inscrutable  decrees  of  Divine  Providence,  let  us 


508  THE    NINTH    NEW     YORK.  1865 

earnestly  pray  that  God,  in  his  infinite  mercy,  will  so  order,  that  this  terrible  calamity 
shall  not  interfere  with  the  prosperity  and  happiness  of  oar  beloved  country! 

GEO.  G.  MEADE, 

Major-General,  Commanding . 

On  the  25th  of  April  the  regiment  (eight  companies) 
participated  in  the  funeral  parade  in  honor  of  the  dead 
President.  All  the  officers  managed  to  appear  in  uniform,  but 
Company  H  was  the  only  one  in  which  the  rank  and  file  so 
appeared,  and  to  that  company  was  assigned  the  honor  of 
guarding-  the  colors.  This  was  the  first  parade  of  the  reo-J- 

O  O  1  O 

ment  since  its  return  from  the  war  the  previous  year. 

During  the  summer  some  four  hundred  uniforms,  together 

O  O 

with  arms  and  equipments  were  issued  by  the  State,  and  the 
members  of  the  NINTH  once  more  appeared  "clothed  and  in 
their  right  mind."  On  September  2-;nd,  Company  E  under 
went  another  reorganization,  electing  John  T.  GafTney  Captain, 
and  Joseph  McDonald  First  Lieutenant.  On  the  25th  of 
October  the  first  muster  and  inspection  in  dress  uniform,  since 
1 86 1,  was  held  at  the  State  Arsenal  ;  three  hundred  and  fifty- 
six  being  present  and  only  sixty-four  absent.  The  24th  of 
November  was  "  Governor's  Day,"  Governor  Reuben  E.  Fen- 
ton  reviewing  the  First  division  from  the  balcony  of  the  Fifth 
Avenue  Hotel.  A  number  of  the  war  veterans  having  joined 
Company  D,  ex-Colonel  John  W.  Davis  was  induced  to  again 
accept  the  Captaincy,  while  Daniel  W.  Lee  and  John  S. 
Stryker  were  elected  Lieutenants,  on  December  i2th. 

The  military  year  of  1866  opened  with  a  drill  on  the 
evening  of  January  25th,  and  on  the  i6th  of  April  the  NINTH 
occupied  its  new  armory  on  West  Twenty-sixth  Street.  On 
Monday,  May  28th,  the  fifth  anniversary  of  the  departure  for 
the  war  was  celebrated  by  a  parade,  eight  companies  of  four 
teen  files  being  in  line.  The  column  was  reviewed  at  the  City 
Hall  by  Mayor  John  T.  Hoffman.  In  the  evening  a  concert 
was  given  by  the  Veterans,  at  which  the  officers  of  the  regi 
ment  presented  Colonel  Wilcox  and  wife  with  an  elegant  floral 
piece — the  figure  Q  encircled  with  twenty-seven  rosebuds. 

On  June    i3th   the  Third  brigade,  General    William   Hall 


1866  PRESIDENT    ANDREW     JOHNSON.  509 

commanding,  proceeded  to  East  New  York  for  inspection  and 
drill.  The  NINTH  turned  out  three  hundred  muskets,  and 
arrived  upon  the  ground  at  ten  o'clock — the  first  regiment  to 
appear.  At  noon  the  officers  were  driven  to  Snedecor's  Hotel, 
Jamaica,  for  dinner.  Upon  reassembling  ac  half-past  one,  on 
account  of  a  rain-storm, the  drill  was  postponed  till  about  three 
o'clock,  when  the  movements  were  executed  and  witnessed  by 
a  concourse  of  nearly  four  thousand  people. 

On  the  24th  of  the  month  Captain  Gaffney,  late  of  Com 
pany  E,  was  buried,  Companies  E  and  H  turning  out  as  escort. 

The  4th  of  July  was  duly  celebrated  by  the  usual  parade  of 
the  First  division,  and  as  was  general  on  such  occasions,  the 
regiments  most  prompt  at  the  rendezvous  had  to  do  a  great 
deal  of  waiting  before  the  line  was  put  in  motion.  Major 
Ralph  A.  Landing  was  in  command  of  the  NINTH.  During 
the  visit  of  President  Andrew  Johnson  to  the  city  the  regiment 
paraded  on  August  29th  to  do  honor  to  the  Chief  Magistrate. 
In  September  orders  were  issued  from  the  Adjutant-General's 
office,  placing  upon  the  supernumerary  list  Major-General  San- 
ford,  who  had  served  since  April  24th,  1818,  and  Brigadier-Gen 
eral  Hall,  whose  service  dated  from  June  I4th,  1827. 

On  the  5th  of  October  the  regiment  was  inspected.  On 
the  loth  Company  I,  "  Veterans,"  composed  wholly  of  those 
who  held  discharges  from  the  U.  S.  Volunteer  Service,  was 
organized — or  reorganized — with  John  Dalrymple  as  Captain, 
and  John  I.  Van  Alst,  Jr.,  and  Eugene  Durnin,  Lieutenants. 

At  an  inspection  of  the  division,  held  on  the  igth  at  Tomp- 
kins  Square,  there  were  present  with  the  regiment  four 
hundred  and  eighty-four  men,  out  of  a  total  enrollment  of  six 
hundred  and  eighty-five.  According  to  the  report  of  the 
Inspector-General,  there  were  at  this  time,  twenty-four  regi 
ments  of  infantry  in  the  First  division,  divided  into  four  bri 
gades,  and  at  this  inspection  there  was  present  eight  hundred 
and  twenty-seven  officers,  and  nine  thousand  five  hundred  and 
sixty-eight  rank  and  file;  the  absentees  numbered  two  hundred 
and  forty-six  officers  and  three  thousand  eight  hundred  and 
seventy-one  men  ;  total,  fourteen  thousand  five  hundred  and 


510  THE    NINTH    NEW    YORK.  1866 

twelve.  Brigadier-General  Lloyd  Aspinwall  was  in  command 
of  the  division  at  this  time,  and  Colonel  Joshua  M.  Varian,  of 
the  Eighth  regiment,  was  in  command  of  the  brigade. 

Below  is  the  report  of  Colonel  J.  H.  Liebenau,  the  A.  A. 
I.  G.,  of  the  condition  of  the  NINTH  : 

Reviewed  and  inspected  this  regiment  at  Tompkins  Square.  They  turned  out  with 
full  ranks,  and  made  a  fine  appearance,  showing,  as  they  do,  a  much  more  decided  im 
provement  in  numbers  over  last  year's  inspection,  than  any  other  regiment  of  the  divi 
sion;  this  fact  is  largely  to  the  credit  of  officers  and  men. 

The  material  of  the  regiment  is  equal  to  any,  and  is  in  the  hands  of  good  field  and 
company  officers,  who  seem  to  fully  realize  the  responsibility  of  their  several  positions, 
and  who  express  a  determination  to  relax  no  effort  to  bring  the  command  up  equal  in 
drill  to  any  in  the  division. 

The  regiment  is  handsomely  uniformed,  and  were  accompanied  by  their  regimental 
band,  an  entirely  new  organization,  who  gave  evidence  that  a  very  short  time  would 
elapse  before  they  assumed  a  position  second  to  none  of  the  regimental  bands  of  the 
.division. 

Too  much  honor  cannot  be  awarded  the  field  and  company  officers  for  the 
untiring  exertions  made  by  them  to  build  up  this  regiment,  and  I  heartily  congratulate 
them  upon  the  success  which  has  attended  these  efforts.  The  arms  are  in  good  order 
and  are  properly  cared  for. 

On  the  29th  of  the  month  the  NINTH  paraded  nine  com 
panies  of  seventeen  files,  at  the  State  Arsenal,  to  receive  a 
stand  of  colors  from  the  State.  The  building  was  crowded 
with  the  friends  of  the  regiment,  and  when  line  was  formed,  it 
occupied  nearly  the  whole  of  the  four  sides  of  the  drill-room. 
Colonel  Gebhard  of  the  Governor's  staff  presented  the  colors, 
upon  receiving  which  Colonel  Wilcox  made  the  following 
reply  : 

SIR  : — Permit  me,  on  behalf  of  the  NINTH  Regiment,  in  receiving  this  beautiful  stand 
of  colors  from  the  State  authorities  to-night,  to  express  through  you  their  appreciation 
of  these  honorable  tokens,  accompanied  by  sentiments  of  grateful  appreciation  of  their 
services  in  defending  the  nation's  honor  upon  the  battle-field.  The  Veterans  of  the 
NINTH  regiment  are  here  to-night,  still  identified  with  this  organization,  and  hear 
your  words  of  gratitude  with  joy ;  and  they,  with  the  recruits,  and  every  member 
of  this  organization,  thank  you  for  these  memorials  of  what  they  have  done  in  the  past, 
and  they  will  ever  prize  this  generous  recognition  of  their  services  by  the  State  for 
whom  they  fought  and  their  comrades  fell.  We  accept,  Sir,  these  colors  in  sacred  trust. 
In  our  hands  those  emblematic  Stars  and  Stripes,  crossed  with  the  inscriptions  of  battle 
fields,  shall  remain  sacred  and  inviolate.  A  regimental  organization  which  sent  into 
the  service  at  the  outbreak  of  war  1,000  men,  and  at  its  close  mustered  out  less  than 


3867  RECEPTION    AND    LECTURE.  51  I 

100  men,  need  not  these  battle-inscriptions  upon  their  banners  to  remind  them  of  duty 
nobly  clone  in  the  past!  or  to  inspire  them  to  heroism  in  the  future.  Bloody  scenes  of 
strife  for  duty  at  Antietam,  Fredericksburg,  Gettysburg,  Laurel  Hill,  and  Spottsylvania, 
are  engraved  on  their  hearts,  and  their  strong  arms  are  as  ready  now  as  then  to  defend 
the  nation's  honor  under  this  glorious  standard  and  their  old  regimental  motto,  "  Ratione 
ant  vi." 

Governor's  Day  was  on  the  26th  of  November,  and  the  di 
vision,  under  command  of  General  Aspinwall,  was  reviewed  at 
the  Worth  Monument  on  Broadway.  On  December  6th,  by 
Special  Orders,  No.  353,  A.  G.  O.,  Company  F,  of  the  Thirty- 
seventh  regiment,  was  transferred  to  the  NINTH  and  lettered  K. 
The  officers  were  :  Captain  George  W.  Lyon,  and  Lieu 
tenants  Charles  O!  Terry  and  Francis  F.  Stone.  The  NINTH 
now  had  ten  good  companies  and  recruiting  was  constantly 
going  on  to  fill  them  to  the  maximum. 

1867. 

Company  G's  reception  on  the  22nd  of  January  opened  the 
year's  round  of  work  and  festivity.  In  the  early  part  of  the 
evening  Colonel  Wilcox,  on  behalf  of  Mrs.  Diggs,  wife  of  the 
Captain,  presented  the  company  with  a  handsome  flag  ;  then 
followed  a  drill,  after  which  music  and  dancing  kept  the 
members  and  their  friends  busy  till  four  o'clock  in  the  morning. 
It  was  a  most  enjoyable  affair.  On  the  evening  of  Washing 
ton's  birthday,  the  Chaplain  of  the  regiment,  E.  H.  Chapin, 
D.  D.,  delivered  a  lecture  at  the  Cooper  Institute  ;  the  sub 
ject,  "  Roll  of  Honor  ;  or,  The  Citizen  Soldier,"  was  ably 
handled,  and  the  eloquent  divine  was  listened  to  by  a  large 
and  appreciative  audience,  composed  mainly  of  members  of  the 
NINTH  and  their  friends. 

A  battalion  drill  took  place  in  April,  and  the  next  im 
portant  event  was  the  sixth  anniversary  of  the  departure  for 
the  war.  The  regiment  turned  out  ten  companies  of  twenty- 
two  files,  and  marched  to  the  City  Hall,  passing  in  review  before 
Mayor  Hoffman,  first  in  common  time,  and  on  the  return,  at  a 
quick  step. 

The  Mayor  then,  on  behalf  of  the  city  and  county,  pre 
sented  the  regiment  with  a  stand  of  colors. 


512  THE    NINTH    NEW    YORK.  1867 

From  the  reply  of  Colonel  Wilcox,  the  following  extract, 
copied  from  the  Mercury,  is  given  : 

This  regiment,  assembled  to-day  to  celebrate  the  anniversary  of  its  departure  for 
Washington,  to  take  part  in  defending  the  nation's  honor  during  the  late  rebellion, 
appreciates  this  suggestive  incident  of  an  occasion  which  generously  recognizes  a  dis 
charge  of  duty  in  the  past.  On  behalf  of  the  veterans  whose  hearts  you  have  warmed 
by  your  eloquent  expressions  of  sympathy  and  encouragement,  and  the  members  of 
this  present  command,  present  to  express  their  appreciation  of  these  memorials,  and 
in  thanking  the  Mayor  and  Commonalty  of  the  city  and  the  Board  of  Supervisors  of 
the  county,  allow  me  to  say  that  these  flags  will  inspire  us  with  memories  of  the  past, 
and  strengthen  our  hands  for  future  duty.  We  accept  these  tokens  of  honor,  and  shall 
guard  them  vigilantly  and  faithfully. 

In  the  evening  a  reception  was  given  at  the  armory,  the 
occasion  being  graced  by  the  presence  of  many  prominent 
military  men,  among  whom  were  General  Aspinwall  and  staff, 
General  Varian  and  staff,  General  Hall,  Mayor  Hoffman, 
Commander  Bralne,  U.  S.  N.,  and  representatives  from  other 
regiments  of  the  National  Guard. 

On  June  5th  a  brigade  drill  was  held  in  Tompkins  Square, 
and  the  regiments  were  exercised  in  percussion  cap  firing. 

The  NINTH  turned  out  four  hundred  and  sixty-seven, 
officers  and  men. 

Major-General  Alexander  Shaler  had  been  appointed  to  the 
command  of  the  First  division  of  the  National  Guard,  an 
appointment  which  was  well  merited,  as  the  General  had  been 
in  active  service  during  the  entire  war ;  first  as  Lieutenant- 
Colonel,  and  then  Colonel  of  the  Sixty-fifth  New  York  volun 
teers  ;  he  was  made  a  Brigadier-General  in  1863,  and  brevetted 
Major-General  at  the  close  of  the  war,  for  "  gallant  and  merito 
rious  services."  The  parade  of  the  division  on  the  4th  of  July 
was  the  General's  first  appearance  at  the  head  of  his  new 
command.  The  NINTH,  under  command  of  Lieutenant-Col 
onel  Braine,  assembled  at  the  armory  before  six  o'clock  in  the 
morning,  and  paraded  with  ten  companies  of  fifteen  files  each. 
The  brigades  formed  on  the  streets  between  Twelfth  and 
Sixteenth  Streets,  with  the  right  resting  on  Fifth  Avenue,  each 
falling  into  line  in  turn.  The  parade  was  a  masterly  success, 
each  command  being  prompt  in  responding  to  the  orders. 


1863  MILITIA    SUBDUED    THE    REBELLION.  513 

The  regiment  was  not  called  out  again  until  October,  when 
an  inspection  took  place,  at  which  three  hundred  and  ninety- 
two,  out  of  a  total  of  five  hundred  and  forty-one,  were  present. 
Governor's  Day,  in  November,  was  duly  celebrated,  the  Brook 
lyn  regiments  joining  their  New  York  comrades  in  the  parade. 
The  following  extract  from  the  report  of  the  State  Adjutant- 
General,  Selden  E.  Marvin,  dated  December  3  ist,  is  worthy  of 
insertion  here  : 

RELATION  OF  THE  MIUTIA  TO  THE  UNITED  STATES. 

The  relations  of  the  former  are  always  important.  No  war  has  thus  far  been  carried 
on  except  by  means  of  the  militia,  either  through  primitive  organizations,  or  by  volunteers 
from  the  great  body.  That  great  rebellion,  which  so  recently  threatened  the  national  life, 
was  subdued  by  the  militia,  and  at  what  cost,  not  only  the  stately  monuments  in 
national  cemeteries  proclaim,  but  also  the  thousands  of  solitary  and  unnoticed  hillocks, 
beneath  which  rest  the  remains  of  armies  of  citizen  soldiers,  who  poured  out  their  life 
blood  to  save  their  country.  How  many  of  these  lives  might  have  been  saved,  had 
there  existed  a  more  perfect  organization  at  the  outset,  cannot  be  determined ;  but  all 
confess  that  tens  of  thousands  of  lives,  and  millons  on  millions  of  treasure,  were  use 
lessly  lost,  because  our  citizens  had  forgotten  that,  in  a  great  and  noble  sense,  they  were 
also  soldiers  ;  and  thus  forgetful,  had  despised  the  warnings  and  derided  the  efforts  of 
those  who  had  attempted  to  secure  even  a  scanty  organization  and  encourage  a  mili 
tary  zeal. 

This  prolongation  of  the  war.  with  all  its  vast  and  incalculable  sacrifices  and  losses, 
was  one  lesson,  apparently  too  sad,  too  mournful,  too  heavily  burdened  with  remorse, 
to  be  readily  forgotten  ;  and  if  forgotten,  then  experience  is  indeed  worthless,  and  history 
repeats  itself  in  errors  only  because  a  stolid  world  refuses  to  learn  from  the  past. 

1868. 

During  the  month  of  January  division  drills  were  held 
nightly  at  the  armory.  Washington's  birthday  was  celebrated 
by  a  Soiree  Dansante  at  the  armory,  which  was  largely  attended, 
and  amono-  the  invited  guests  were  several  officers  from  the 

<j  o 

Spanish  war  vessel  Tctuau.  During  the  month  of  March, 
several  wino-  drills  were  held.  At  a  meeting  on  the  2Oth  of 

o  o 

April,  the  matter  of  a  uniform  was  discussed,  the  majority 
voting  in  favor  of  dress  coats.  On  the  2/th  a  battalion  drill 
was  held.  On  the  afternoon  of  May  22nd  the  regiment  was 
drilled  in  Tompkins  Square. 

The  27th  of  the  month  was  duly  celebrated  at  the  armory, 
It  being  the  seventh  anniversary  of  the  departure  for  the  war. 


514  TIIt:    NINTH    NEW    YORK.  1868 

On  the  Sth  of  June  Major  Strong  resigned,  and  upon  bal 
loting  for  his  successor,  Adjutant  William  Sevvard,  Jr.,  was 
unanimously  elected.  On  the  22nd  a  brigade  drill  was  held  in 
Tompkins  Square. 

On  July  4th  the  regiment  assembled  at  six  A.  M.  and  par 
ticipated  in  the  parade  in  honor  of  the  day.  In  order  to  fill  the 
vacancy  caused  by  the  promotion  of  Adjutant  Sewarcl, 
Adjutant  Edgar  S.  Allien,  of  the  Fifty-fifth  regiment,  was 
transferred  to  that  position  in  the  NINTH  on  the  i5th  of 
August. 

On  the  Sth  of  October  the  regiment  was  reviewed  and  in 
spected  by  the  Commissary-General  and  A.  A.  Inspector  in 
Tompkins  Square.  Three  hundred  and  eighty,  out  of  four 
hundred  and  eighty-eight,  were  present.  Annexed  is  the 
report  of  Colonel  Liebenau  : 

The  ceremony  of  review  was  well  executed  ;  in  the  standing  review  the  men  were 
steady  as  statues,  the  alignments  of  officers  and  men  were  perfect,  while  the  rank  of 
file  closers  were  as  steady  and  attentive  as  the  front  rank.  I  notice  this  latter  fact,  be 
cause  so  few  officers  are  careful  to  instruct  the  sergeants  in  this  portion  of  their  duties, 
and  consequently,  it  is  not  often  that  the  reviewing  officer  has  the  pleasure  of  being  re 
ceived  in  rear  of  a  command  with  the  respect  he  is  entitled  to.  This,  in  the  case  of 
this  regiment,  was  a  noticeable  feature.  The  marching  review  was  all  that  could  be 
desired  ;  the  salutes  of  the  officers  were,  without  exception,  good  ;  distance  and  align 
ments  well  observed,  and  the  men  careful  and  steady.  In  closing  the  review  everything 
was  properly  executed  ;  and,  as  a  whole,  the  review  of  this  regiment  was  the  best  of 
any  yet  witnessed  by  me. 

The  regiment  has  lately  adopted  white  belts.  This  is  an  improvement.  The  com 
mand  in  their  lively  uniform,  and  with  their  soldier-like  bearing,  attracted  universal 
attention. 

The  regiment  is  in  a  good  state  of  discipline.  The  Colonel  is  a  zealous,  hard 
working  and  efficient  officer,  and  in  his  efforts  to  make  his  command  second  to  none, 
he  is  ably  aided  by  his  associate  field,  as  well  as  his  company  officers. 

I 

On  the  5th  of  January,  1869,  the  NINTH  gave  a  grand  ball 
at  the  Academy  of  Music.  The  building  was  crowded  to  its 
utmost  capacity  by  a  fashionable  and  delighted  company. 
Among  the  noted  guests  present  were  General  McDowell  and 
staff,  and  Generals  Hartsuff,  Robert  Anderson  and  Henry 
Benton,  of  the  regular  army.  The  National  Guard  was  well 


1869  J5AI.L    AT    THE    ACADKMV    OF    .MUSIC.  515 

represented  by  a  host  of  gaily  uniformed  officers,  and  the 
ladies  vied  with  each  other  in  their  attentions  to  the  gallant 
guardsmen  and  army  officers.  Wering's  and  Diller's  bands, 
under  Grafulla's  general  leadership,  discoursed  both  concert 
and  dancing  music,  and  it  was  "four  in  the  morning"  before 

o  *> 

the  lights  were  turned  out  and  the  tired  but  happy  hosts  and 
guests  repaired  to  their  homes. 

The  winter  and  spring  months  were  devoted  to  a  strict 
attention  to  drill,  a  full  dress  inspection  taking  place  on  the 
loth  of  May.  The  2/th  was  celebrated  by  a  parade  in  the 
afternoon,  the  line  being  reviewed  by  the  Mayor  at  the  City 
Hall. 

The  4th  of  July  falling  on  Sunday,  the  parade  occurred  on 
5th,  the  column  being  reviewed  by  the  Mayor  from  the 
Traveller's  Club  house,  while  a  reviewing  stand,  erected  at  the 
Worth  Monument,  contained  a  large  number  of  army  officers 
and  distinguished  citizens. 

The  people  of  Stamford,  Conn.,  having  invited  the  NINTH 
to  visit  their  town  on  the  2/th,  and  the  invitation  having  been 
accepted,  the  regiment  assembled  at  the  armory  at  an  early 
hour,  and  at  seven  o'clock  boarded  the  steamboat  Stamford, 
at  the  foot  of  east  Twenty-sixth  Street.  Grafulla's  band 
enlivened  the  trip  with  choice  selections.  Upon  reaching  the 
Stamford  landing,  a  committee  of  citizens  came  on  board,  and 
their  spokesman,  Warden  George  L.  Lownds,  formally  re 
ceived  the  regiment,  and  tendered  them,  on  behalf  of  the 
people,  a  hearty  welcome  to  their  town.  Upon  line  being 
formed  on  the  dock,  another  welcoming  speech  was  made  by 
Burgess  W.  C.  Hoyt,  after  which  the  procession,  headed  by 
the  town  officials  and  committee,  marched  through  the  town, 
to  the  West  Park,  where  it  arrived  just  before  noon.  After 
being  drawn  up  in  line  the  regiment  was  addressed  by  James 
H.  Olmstead,  Esq.,  Chairman  of  the  Citizens  Committee,  and 
which  we  copy  from  the  Stamford  Advocate,  as  follows  : 

Colonel.  Officers  and  Members  of  the  gth  Reg.  of  N.  Y.  S.  N.  G. :    It  is  my  pleas 
ant  duty,  in  behalf  of  the  citizens  of  Stamford,  to  extend  to  you  a  hearty  welcome. 
When  our  country  is  assailed  by  an  armed  foe,  and  the  flag  of  liberty,  dear  to 


THE    NINTH    NEW    YORK.  1869 

every  American  heart  dishonored,  we  cannot  forget  that  it  is  to  the  militia  of  the 
States  that  \ve  must  first  look  as  the  bulwark  of  the  nation. 

We  cannot  forget  that,  in  any  sudden  emergency,  we  must  rely  upon  their 
strong  arms  and  deadly  aim  for  the  protection  of  all  that  is  near  and  dear  to  us. 

It  is,  therefore,  meet  that,  upon  every  appropriate  occasion,  we  show  that  respect 
and  reverence  for  our  citizen  soldiery  that  we  are  accustomed  to  manifest  towards 
public  benefactors. 

But  especially  is  it  appropriate  on  this  occasion,  when  we  remember  that  we  are 
honored  by  the  presence  of  a  regiment  from  our  sister  State,  whose  members  did  not 
hesitate,  when  their  country  called,  to  leave  their  work-shops,  their  counting-rooms, 
their  offices,  their  homes  and  pleasant  firesides,  and  their  dear  ones,  to  peril  their 
lives,  if  need  be,  that  the  nation  might  live. 

When  we  remember  that  this  regiment  now  with  us,  has  already  gallantly  upheld 
the  flag  of  the  nation,  amidst  the  fire  and  smoke  and  carnage  of  the  battle-fields  of 
Antietam,  Gettysburg,  and  the  Wilderness,  and  recorded  itself  a  name  on  the  pages  of 
our  country's  history,  of  which  we,  as  Americans,  and  our  children,  and  our  children's 
children,  may  justly  be  proud. 

Any  tribute  of  respect,  therefore,  which  we  may  be  able  to  show  you,  men  of  the 
NINTH,  on  this  occasion,  anything  we  can  do  to  make  your  visit  among  us  pleasant  and 
agreeable,  will  very  inadequately  repay  the  debt  of  gratitude  which  we,  as  citizens  of  a 
common  country,  owe  to  you,  its  valiant  defenders. 

We,  therefore,  thank  you  for  this  opportunity  of  showing  our  appreciation  of  your 
noble  services  in  behalf  of  our  beloved  country. 

We  trust  that,  in  after  life,  you  may  look  back  to  this  day  as  a  day  full  of  pleas 
ing  memories,  and  permit  me  to  hope  that  any  victories  you  imy  this  day  obtain,  as 
soldiers,  may  be  over  the  hearts  of  the  fair  ladies  of  Stamford,  and  that  you  will  win 
them  as  gallantly  as  any  victory  you  have  ever  achieved  on  the  battle-field. 

We  again  extend  to  you  a  cordial  welcome. 

Colonel  Wilcox  replied  briefly,  on  behalf  of  the  NINTH. 
The  line  was  then  re-formed  and  passed  through  several  streets, 
which  were  gaily  decorated,  to  Concert  Hall,  where  arms  were 
stacked. 

A  banquet  had  been  spread  in  Seely's  Hall,  to  which  the 
men  were  soon  called  by  the  drum  corps  beating  "  Peas  upon  a 
trencher."  The  dinner  was  a  good  one,  and  the  soldiers  fully 
satisfied  the  citizens  that  they  appreciated  the  efforts  made  to 
entertain  them. 

The  Stamford  paper  further  states  : 

The  officers  of  the  NINTH,  the  committee,  and  members  of  the  metropolitan  press 
were  invited  to  the  residence  of  Alex.  McKenzie,  Esq.,  on  Washington  Avenue.  Here 
a  pleasant  hour  was  spent  in  social  intercourse,  in  the  society  of  a  number  of  ladies 
who  worthily  represented  the  feminine  beauty,  grace  and  refinement  of  which  our  town 
can  boast,  and  in  enjoying  Mr.  McKenzie's  boundless  hospitality.  The  choicest  vintage 
of  "  Cliquot  "  as  provided  for  those  who  chose  to  partake,  and  appropriate  senti- 


1869  VISIT    TO    STAMFORD,    CO  NX.  c\j 

merits  were  proposed  and  drank  with  the  enthusiasm  for  which  soldiers  especially  are 
famous.  Among  the  toasts  were  "  The  Ladies,"  responded  to  in  their  behalf  by  Col. 
Chesebrough  ;  "  The  New  York  Press,"  was  fitly  responded  to  by  Major  G.  Forrister 
Williams,  than  whom  a  more  courteous  gentleman  or  more  graceful  writer  it  has  not 
been  our  privilege  to  meet.  "  The  Officers  of  the  NINTH  Regiment  "  was  proposed  and 
was  appropriately  responded  to  by  Col.  Wilcox.  "  The  Citizens  Committee  "  was  elo 
quently  responded  to  by  Mr.  J.  H.  Olmstead.  The  "Stamford  Advocate"  was  also 
honored  with  a  toast,  which  was  appropriately  responded  to.  "  Our  Host  "  was  of 
course  not  forgotten,  and  in  response  to  the  toast  Mr.  McKenzie  eloquently  and  feel 
ingly  expressed  his  good  will  to  tlvj  gallant  New  York  troops,  and  gave  a  brief  but 
very  interesting  history  of  his  connection  with  the  force  for  many  years  past.  Among 
the  prominent  citizens  present,  besides  the  committee,  we  noticed  Isaac  Quintard,  Esq., 
and  the  Hon.  Trueman  Smith. 

After  the  return  from  Mr.  McKenzie's,  the  officers  of  the  NINTH  sat  down  to  a  dinner 
in  the  Stamford  House,  specially  tendered  them  by  the  citizens.  There  were  present 
at  the  dinner  besides  the  officers,  the  citizens  committee,  the  borough  officers,  mem 
bers  of  the  local  press,  and  representatives  of  the  New  York  Herald,  Times,  Tribune, 
and  the  Army  and  Navy  Journal.  Among  the  civilians  present  were  Messrs.  Ros- 
well  Hoyt,  S.  H.  Nye,  Robert  Harper,  Wm.  Hoyt,  Jr.,  James  H.  Olmstead,  Seaman 
Miller,  P.  S.  Jacobs,  Thos.  H.  H.  Messinger,  Chas.  H.  Scofield,  Charles  Jones,  N.  E. 
Adams,  \Vm.  C.  Hoyt,  Edward  Phillips,  G.  B.  Glenclinning,  S.  C.  Brown,  Alexander 
Weed,  and  Charles  Gaylor,  all  of  Stamford.  Among  the  New  Yorkers  present  we 
noticed  Charles  Wann,  Esq.,  J.  T.  Robin,  Esq.,  Mr.  William  Hill,  a  veteran  soldier, 
and  Mr.  Fred.  R.  Gillespie,  of  240  Front  Street.  When  the  substantial  portion  of  the 
dinner  was  duly  disposed  of,  the  "  feast  of  reason  and  the  flow  of  soul  "  (simultaneous 
with  the  flow  of  champagne)  commenced.  Speeches  were  made  by  Col.  Wilcox, 
James  H.  Olmstead,  Gen.  Varian  of  the  Third  Brigade,  Major  Blauvelt,  and  others. 
The  Major  spoke  of  the  good  results  which  could  not  fail  to  proceed  from  such  social 
reunions  as  the  present.  He  said  that  meetings  like  these  between  the  soldiers  and 
citizens  of  different  States  would  tend  to  encourage  the  national  feeling,  and  make  us 
forget  that  there  are  States,  but  that  we  are  all  citizens  and  defenders  of  a  common 
country.  In  response  to  the  toast,  "  The  Veterans  of  the  Regiment,"  Capt.  Blaney 
was  called  on,  and  in  replying  gave  a  brief  history  of  the  regiment  in  the  war.  This 
history  is  sufficiently  indicated  by  the  names  inscribed  on  the  regimental  banner,  as 
follows:  "  Harper's  Ferry,"  "  Cedar  Mountain,"  "Thoroughfare  Gap,"  "  Chantilly," 
"  Antietam,"  "  Fredericksburg,"  "  Chancellorsville,"  "Gettysburg,"  "Wilderness," 
"  Cold  Harbor."  Out  of  292  men  at  the  Battle  of  Fredericksburg,  the  regiment  lost 
130.  While  the  dinner  was  in  progress  Col.  Remmey,  of  the  22nd,  entered  the  room, 
and  was  warmly  greeted  by  his  comrades  in  arms.  The  Colonel  being  called  on  made 
an  excellent  speech,  and  his  manner  made  a  very  favorable  impression  on  those  who 
saw  him  there  for  the  first  time,  while  his  high  position  in  the  regard  of  his  brother 
officers  was  sufficiently  attested  by  their  enthusiasm. 

During  the  afternoon,  Mr.  Leeds  of  the  Depot  livery  stables,  started  out  several  of 
his  wagons,  and  many  of  the  soldiers  availed  themselves  of  the  opportunity  to  visit 
Shippan  Point  and  other  places  of  interest  in  the  neighborhood  of  the  village.  Several 
of  the  men  spent  the  time  in  visiting  friends  in  town,  and  the  way  some  of  "  them  fel 
lows  "  got  acquainted  with  our  young  men  and  maidens  (especially  the  latter)  was  a 
caution  to  witness.  On  nearly  every  street  the  gay  uniforms  could  be  seen,  often 
accompanied  by  young  ladies  in  white  muslin,  and  in  every  case,  whether  with  or 


518  THE    NINTH    NEW    YORK.  1869 

without  lady  companions,  conducting  themselves  like  gentlemen,  as  they  were.  In 
fact,  the  courteous  and  soldierly  bearing  of  the  men  has  been  the  occasion  of  universal 
complimentary  remarks,  and  nothing  whatever  occurred  during  the  clay  or  evening  to 
detract  from  this  estimate  of  their  character. 

From  four  to  five  o'clock  in  the  afternoon  the  band  gave  an  excellent  concert  in  the 
Park,  and  at  live  a  dress-parade  of  the  regiment  took  place,  which  was  witnessed  with 
much  interest  and  pleasure  by  the  people. 

A  concert  and  hop  in  Seely's  Hall,  in  the  evening,  was  attended  by  the  largest 
crowd  we  ever  saw  gathered  in  Stamford  on  any  similar  occasion.  The  large  hall  was 
so  crowded  that  the  dancers  had  scarcely  room  to  go  through  the  sets,  and  the 
extreme  heat  of  the  weather  sacrificed  scores  of  paper  collars,  and  caused  a  run  on  the 
ice  cream  that  "  such  a  getting  up  stairs  "  on  the  part  of  the  waiters  "  you  ne'er  did 
see."  The  music,  as  might  be  expected  from  Grafulla's  band,  was  exquisite,  and  was 
largely  selected  from  the  latest  and  most  popular  operas.  The  dresses  of  many  of  the 
ladies  were  superb,  and  the  rich  silks,  satins,  laces  and  diamonds  of  the  ladies,  and 
the  brilliant  uniforms  of  the  soldiers  flashing  amid  the  mazes  of  the  dance,  formed  a 
kaleidoscope  of  beauty  such  as  Seely's  Hall  has  perhaps  never  before  witnessed.  A 
peculiar  feature  was  the  presence  of  representatives  of  all  the  respectable  classes  of 
our  people,  who  for  the  first  time  being  mingled  together,  forgetting  apparently  all 
social  distinctions.  It  is  to  be  regretted  that  such  reunions  are  so  infrequent.  As 
conducted  on  the  occasion  of  which  we  speak  they  could  do  no  harm,  and  would  not 
fail  to  be  productive  of  much  good.  A  large  number  of  ladies  and  gentlemen  from 
New  York  were  present,  and  all  enjoyed  an  occasion  long  to  be  remembered  with 
pleasure. 

During  the  afternoon  Hon.  Win.  M.  Tweed,  King  of  Manhattan  Island,  with  his 
staff,  arrived  at  the  scene.  Immediately  after  the  dress-parade  the  club  took  rooms  at 
the  Stamford  House,  and,  having  stocked  it  with  the  best  the  house  could  afford,  com 
menced  a  scene  of  jollity  with  which  the  citizens  of  our  quiet  town  were  totally  unac 
quainted.  Glees,  songs  and  Indian  war  cries,  known  and  probably  appreciated  in 
Indian  Harbor,  with  other  strange  and  incoherent  noises  were  wafted  on  the  balmy 
air  of  the  evening.  When  the  dancing  commenced,  however,  the  members  of  the  club 
were  found  to  have  entirely  changed,  or  forgotten  their  wonted  hilarity  and  appeared 
in  a  gentlemanly  demeanor  to  trip  it  on  the  light  fantastic  with  the  ladies  in  the  Hall. 
The  graceful  movements  of  the  Americus  (club)  boys  were  admired  and  spoken  of  fre 
quently  during  the  evening. 

The  dancing  in  the  Hall  closed  a  little  after  1 1  o'clock,  and  the  regiment  immedi 
ately  prepared  for  their  departure.  Even  at  that  late  hour  many  citizens  accompa 
nied  the  men  to  the  dock.  About  12  o'clock  the  boat  moved  off  amid  mutual  hearty 
cheers  and  farewells. 

The  success  of  the  reception  of  the  NINTH  cannot  be  fairly  claimed  by  any  one  per 
son,  but  is  largely  due,  first,  to  the  gentlemanly  Committee  of  the  Regiment  who  vis 
ited  Stamford  twice  during  the  progress  of  preparation,  and  who  made  such  a  favora 
ble  impression  on  every  one  with  whom  they  came  in  contact.  This  committee,  con 
sisting  of  Capts.  Brooks,  Pryer,  Schieffelin,  and  Lieuts.  Theriott  and  Loder  (Theriott, 
by  the  way,  is  a  trump),  and  second,  to  the  interest  taken  by  Mr.  Olmstead  and  the 
indefatigable  exertions  of  Mr.  Robert  Harper,  the  Colfax  serenader,  Mr.  S.  H.  Nye, 
Mr.  Alex.  Weed,  Mr.  Chas.  Jones,  and  Mr,  Sawyer  Daskam,  with  the  other  members  of 
the  Citizen's  Committee. 


1869  RESIGNATION    OF    EX-COLONEL    DAVIS.  5  j  g, 

All  these  gentlemen  deserve  credit  for  the  active  part  they  took  in  the  arrange 
ments.  Mr.  Spencer,  of  the  Stamford  House,  comes  under  this  head.  His  part  was 
done  well,  considering  all  the  circumstances,  and  he  deserves  honorable  mention. 

Governor's  Day  this  year  was  on  the  6th  of  October,  the 
NINTH  turning  out  with  the  First  division  for  review.  On  the 
22ncl  the  official  inspection  took  place  in  Tompkins  Square  ; 
two  hundred  and  sixty-eight  were  present  out  of  a  total  of  four 
hundred  and  ten. 

Before  the  year  closed  the  regiment  lost,  by  resignation, 
one  of  its  oldest  members,  Captain  and  ex-Colonel  John  W, 
Davis.  His  record  is  as  follows  : 

Paymaster,  Eleventh  regiment,  Feb.  ist,  1854  ;  Major  Nov. 
i5th,  1855;  resigned  May  -— ,  1858;  Captain  Co.  D,  NINTH 
regiment,  Sept.  i6th,  1859  ;  mustered  into  U.  S.  service  June 
8th  ;  resigned  July  3ist,  1861  ;  Lieutenant-Colonel  Third  regi 
ment  (Merchant's  Brigade),  Dec.  27th,  1862  ;  resigned 
March  2/th,  1863  ;  Colonel  NINTH  regiment,  Aug.  7th,  1863  ; 
resigned  F~eb.  5th,  1864;  Captain  Co.  D,  NINTH  regiment,, 
Dec.  1 2th,  1865  ;  resigned  Oct.  /th,  1869. 


520  THE    NINTH    NEW    YORK.  1870 


CHAPTER   XXIII. 

ENCAMPMENT    AT    LONG  BRANCH. 

—  1870— 

Resignation  of  Colonel  Wilcox.  —  Colonel  James  Fisk,  Jr.  —  A  Ne\v  Company  K.  — 
Parade  and  Review.  —  Visiting  the  Grand  Opera  House.  —  Ball  at  the  Academy  of 
Music.—  Brigade  Drill.  —  Excurison  to  Yonkers.  —  Encampment  at  Long  Branch. 
—  Reception  and  Entertainment  of  The  Newburyport  Artillery,  Amoskeag  Vet 
erans  and  the  Putnam  Phalanx.  —  Review  of  the  First  Division  N.  G.  S.  N.  Y.—  - 
Formation  of  a  Grand  Band. 


the  28th  of  February  Colonel  and  Brevet  Brigadier-Gen 
eral  Wilcox  resigned  his  commission  as  Colonel  of  the 
NINTH.  Business  affairs  alone  compelled  him  to  this  step,  and 
his  loss  was  looked  upon  with  regret  by  every  member  of  the 
regiment. 

The  General's  military  record  is  as  follows  : 

Private  Co.  H,  Seventh  regiment,  June  —  ,  1857;  Captain, 
and  A.  D.  C.  on  staff  of  General  Hall,  Sept.  —  ,  1860  ;  Lieut.- 
Col.  Second  regiment,  Feb.  iQth  ;  mustered  into  U.  S. 
service  May  2ist;  resigned  Dec.  7th,  1861  ;  Colonel  on  staff 
of  Maj.-Gen.  Sanford,  Sept.  24th,  1862  ;  Colonel  NINTH  regi 
ment  (Home  organization),  March  igth,  1864;  Brevet  Brig.- 
Gen.  N.  Y.  Vols.,  Dec.  isth,  1868. 

In  the  Spring  it  looked  as  though  the  regiment  would  not 
long  survive.  Gradually  its  membership  had  decreased.  The 
armory  building  was  not  suitable  for  its  purposes,  and  all  active 
interest  seemed  to  be  at  an  end.  This  was  not  owing  to  any 
special  fault  of  either  officers  or  men,  but  was  attributed  to  the 
political  wire-pullers  who  were  not  in  sympathy  with  the  best 
interests  of  the  regiment. 

A  few  of  the  members,  some  of  whom  dated  their  connec 
tion  from  1859,  met  to  ta^  over  the  situation,  and  the  meeting 
resulted  in  their  determining  to  submit  the  name  of  a  prominent 


COLONEL  JAMES  FTSK,  JR. 


1870  COMPANY    K    REORGANIZED.  521 

civilian  for  the  position  of  colonel.  When  it  was  announced 
that  James  Fisk,  Jr.,  had  been  elected  on  April  /th,  the  public 
press  and  many  individuals  interested  in  the  welfare  of  the 
regiment  commented  unfavorably. 

The  reasons  which  influenced  the  Board  of  Officers  in  their 
choice  were  the  well  known  liberality,  energy  and  fertility  of 
resources,  together  with  the  great  influence  possessed  by  Col 
onel  Fisk,  and  it  was  firmly  believed  that  the  choice  would  be 
of  the  greatest  benefit  to  the  regiment.  And  their  expecta 
tions  were  more  than  realized.  Recruiting  at  once  became 
active  in  all  the  companies  and  a  new  one  was  formed  to  take 
the  place  of  K,  which,  for  over  a  year,  had  been  disbanded. 
On  the  1 2th,  less  than  a  week  after  Colonel  Fisk's  election, 
the  members  of  the  new  company  met  and  elected  officers,  and 
in  company  orders,  No,  3,  it  was  announced  that  Bird  W. 
Spencer  had  been  chosen  Captain,  Robert  B.  Cable  First 
Lieutenant,  and  Alonzo  P.  Bacon  Second  Lieutenant.  Cap 
tain  Spencer  had  received  his  military  education  in  Company 
H,  of  the  Seventh,  Lieutenant  Cable  in  the  Seventy-first, 
while  Lieutenant  Bacon  had  been  a  member  of  the  Thirteenth 
Massachusetts  Volunteers — a  regiment  that  had  served  in  the 
same  brigade  with  the  NINTH — during  the  war. 

The  same  evening  the  regiment  assembled  at  the  armory, 
mustering  two  hundred  and  forty-five  uniformed,  and  seventy- 
five  ununiformed  men,  and,  after  inspection  by  the  Colonel- 
elect,  were  marched  to  the  street  for  an  evening  parade.  As 
this  was  the  first  appearance  of  the  new  commandant,  the 
armory  was  crowded  with  the  friends  of  the  regiment  and  many 
representative  military  men.  The  line  of  march  led  through 
West  Twenty-sixth  Street  to  Eighth  Avenue,  to  Twenty-third 
Street,  to  Fifth  Avenue,  to  Fourteenth  Street,  to  Broadway,  to 
Eighth  Street,  to  Fourth  Avenue,  to  Twenty-sixth  Street,  back 
to  the  armory.  The  march  was  a  triumphal  procession  from 
beginning  to  end,  the  front,  rear,  and  both  flanks  of  the  regi 
ment  being  densly  packed  with  a  crowd  not  usually  seen  on 
such  occasions;  for  the  majority  was  composed  of  the  solid 
and  substantial  business  men  of  the  city,  who  gave  frequent 


522  THE    NINTH    NEW    YORK.  1870 

vent  to  their  feelings  of  admiration  and  sympathy  by  repeated 
cheers,  which  were  taken  up  by  the  members  of  the  regiment 
and  echoed  from  one  end  of  the  line  to  the  other. 

On  the  29th,  Colonel  Fisk  issued  "  General  Order,  No.  7," 
in  which  he  formally  assumed  command  of  the  regiment.  An 
honorary  membership  roll  was  established  at  this  time,  the  fee 
for  joining  being  fifty-two  dollars,  and  such  was  its  popularity 
that  in  a  short  time  several  thousand  dollars  found  its  way  into 
the  treasury,  the  fund  thus  formed  being  used  to  defray  the 
expenses  of  social  gatherings. 

The  press  of  the  city  had  been  divided  upon  the  question. 
of  the  expediency — and  justice — of  elevating  to  the  command 
of  a  regiment  a  person  with  no  previous  military  experience. 
The  experiment  had  never  before  been  tried.  As  the  result 
for  good  or  ill  chiefly  concerned  the  NINTH,  and  as  the  discus 
sion  of  the  question  served  to  bring  the  regiment  into  greater 
prominence,  the  members  rather  enjoyed  it.  The  result  proved 
the  wisdom  of  the  innovation.  To  save  from  disbandment 
a  regiment  which  had  a  most  honorable  record  during  the 
many  years  of  its  existence,  was  a  duty,  and  those  who  pro 
posed  and  consummated  the  successful  plan,  are  entitled  to  the 
thanks  of  all  the  friends  of  the  organization. 

Colonel  Fisk  fully  appreciated  the  honor  which  had  been 
conferred  upon  him,  as  well  as  the  obligations  which  that  honor 
entailed.  He  at  once  began  to  make  himself  familiar  with  his 
duties,  and  was  active  and  vigilant  in  looking  out  for  the  inter 
ests  of  his  command  ;  he  also  pursued  a  course  of  study  of  the 
tactics  in  which  he  made  rapid  progress,  and  in  a  short  time  its 
effects  were  seen  in  the  regiment.  Had  his  life  been  spared 
he  would  soon  have  shown  himself  a  thoroughly  competent 
officer  in  every  sense  of  that  term. 

Early  in  the  evening  of  May  I3th  a  dress-parade  and.  in 
spection  was  held  at  the  armory,  the  occasion  being  graced  by 
the  presence  of  the  Adjutant,  Inspector,  and  Commissary 
Generals.  After  parade,  and  upon  the  invitation  of  Colonel 
Fisk,  the  regiment,  to  the  number  of  about  five  hundred, 
together  with  General  Varian  and  staff,  Colonels  Perley  and 


1^70  ANNIVERSARY    C K I. KP, RATION.  523 

Rodney  C.  Ward  and  staffs,  besides  other  distinguished  mili 
tary  gentlemen,  attended  the  Grand  Opera  House,  where  they 
witnessed  the  performance  of  Tuclvc  Temptations,  and  were 
most  agreeably  entertained. 

After  drill,  on  the  evening  of  the  25th,  Company  D  pre 
sented  their  commander,  Captain  Robert  B.  Courtney,  with  a 
handsome  sword,  sash  and  belt,  the  presentation  address  being 
made  by  ex-Colonel  John  W.  Davis,  a  former  member  of  the 
company,  and  who  had  been  twice  honored  with  the  office  of 
Captain. 

On  the  27th  the  ninth  anniversary  of  the  departure  of  the 
regiment  for  the  war  was  celebrated  by  a  ball  given  at 
the  Academy  of  Music.  Two  bands,  containing  one  hundred 
and  fifty  musicians  furnished  the  music  ;  one,  under  the 
leadership  of  Max  Maretzek,  beginning  the  programme  with 
the  overture  to  William  Tell,  the  Military  band  following  with 
a  selection  from  La  Pericliole.  Among  the  distinguished 
guests  present  were  Governor  Hoffman,  Generals  McDowell, 
Sanford,  Shaler,  Duryea,  McQuade,  Willcox,  Wallen,  Dakin, 
Woodward,  Varian,  Burger  and  Postley,  and  Colonels  Perry 
and  Samuel  H.  Leonard  (late  of  Thirteenth  Massachusetts 
Volunteers).  A  large  number  of  officers  of  lesser  rank,  besides 
many  civilians  of  note — including  the  city  officials— were  also 
present.  Congratulations  were  showered  upon  the  members 
by  their  delighted  guests,  who  pronounced  the  occasion  "  the 
event  of  the  season."  The  visitors  were  surprised  at  the  rapid 
progress  made  by  the  regiment  under  its  new  leadership. 
Certainly  the  NINTH  never  appeared  to  better  advantage  in 
social  life  and  character,  those  features  which — to  a  volunteer 
militia  organization — are  its  very  being  during  the  "  piping 
times  of  peace." 

On  June  2nd,  in  obedience  to  orders  from  brigade  head 
quarters,  the  regiment  proceeded  to  Prospect  Park  to  have 
a  brigade  drill.  The  men  assembled  at  the  armory  at  eight 
A.  M.,  and  marched  to  the  foot  of  West  Twenty-third  Street, 
where  they  boarded  the  ferry-boat  Jauics  Fisk,  Jr.,  and  were 
conveyed  to  Brooklyn  ;  thence  by  horse-cars  to  the  ground, 


524  THE    NINTH    NEW    YORK.  1870 

where  they  arrived  at  noon  and  joined  the  brigade.  Shortly 
after  the  drill  began,  but  the  contemplated  number  of  move 
ments — fifty-six — were  not  all  performed,  owing  to  a  lack  of 
time.  After  the  drill  a  dress-parade  was  held,  the  compliments 
of  which  were  paid  to  Adjutant-General  Townsend.  Generals 
Morris,  McQuade  and  Dakin  were  also  present,  besides  a 
large  concourse  of  people,  and  from  the  frequent  applause 
manifested,  the  exhibition  must  have  been  very  satisfactory. 
Some  of  the  more  critical  pronounced  it  a  better  drill  than 
they  had  expected  to  witness.  Considering  the  disadvantages 
under  which  the  regiments  of  the  Third  brigade  labored — only 
•one  of  which  had  armory  accommodations  sufficient  for  battal 
ion  movements — the  drill  was  a  success.  The  weather  was  all 
that  could  be  desired,  the  sun  shone  brightly,  but  without  that 
heat  which  might  have  put  some  of  the  novices  liars  de  combat. 
The  NINTH  returned  to  New  York  by  the  same  route  over 
which  it  had  been  conveyed  to  the  drill  ground,  arriving  at 
the  armory  at  a  late  hour,  where  it  was  dismissed. 

On  the  1 6th  the  regiment  assembled  at  half-past  seven  P.  M., 
for  a  parade,  and  excursion  by  water  to  Yonkers.  The  march 
led  through  Seventh  Avenue  to  Twenty-third  Street,  to  Fifth 
Avenue,  to  Fourteenth  Street,  countermarching  to  Twenty- 
third  Street,  to  the  North  river,  where  the  ferry-boat,  James 
Fisk,  Jr.,  was  in  waiting,  and  which,  at  ten  o'clock,  conveyed 
the  regiment  up  the  river.  A  toothsome  collation — at  the 
expence  of  Colonel  Fisk — was  served  during  the  journey.  The 
return  was  made  shortly  after  midnight.  The  whole  trip 
was  enjoyed  and  pronounced  a  "  great  success." 

On  the  4th  of  July  the  regiment  assembled  at  the  early 
hour  of  a  quarter  to  six,  and  marched  from  the  armory  to  its 
place  in  the  brigade  and  division  at  nine.  Ten  companies  of 
sixteen  files  were  in  line,  and,  despite  the  number  of  recruits 
in  the  ranks,  made  a  most  creditable  appearance.  General 
McDowell  occupied  the  post  of  honor  on  the  reviewing  stand, 
and  complimented  the  regiment  on  its  fine  appearance. 

On  the  following  day  the  regiment  was  called  upon  to 
form  part  of  an  escort  to  the  remains  of  Brevet  Major-General 


•1870  FUNERAL    OF    GENERAL    HAMBLIN.  525 

Joseph  E.  Hamblin,  (formerly  of  the  Sixth  corps)  from  his 
late  residence  to  the  Fall  River  boat.  The  NINTH  marched  to 
the  house,  where  the  funeral  cortege  was  formed  under  the 
direction  of  Brigadier-General  Postley.  After  some  delay 
the  procession  moved  through  Lexington  Avenue  to  Twenty- 
third  Street,  to  Broadway,  to  Chambers  Street,  to  West 
Street,  to  the  pier,  where  the  body,  in  charge  of  a  guard  of 
honor,  was  transferred  to  the  boat.  The  remains  were  taken 
to  Yarmouth,  Mass.,  his  native  place,  for  burial. 

Upon  Colonel  Fisk's  assuming  command  of  the  regiment, 
he  offered  a  prize  of  five  hundred  dollars  to  the  company  that 
would  show  the  largest  increase  of  membership  during  the 
succeeding  quarter.  In  accordance  with  this  offer  he,  on  the 
7th,  sent  his  check  for  the  amount  to  Brevet  Colonel  and 
Captain  William  E.  Van  Wyck,  of  Company  F — fifty-nine 
men  .having  been  recruited  by  the  members.  Company  E 
came  second  in  the  race — with  forty-seven. 

On  the  1 5th  the  Board  of  Officers,  upon  invitation  of 
Senator  Stockton,  of  New  Jersey,  visited  Cape  May  for  the 
purpose  of  attending  the  ball  given  by  the  Seventh  New 
York,  returning  the  next  morning,  via  Philadelphia,  well  pleased 
with  their  trip. 

On  the  1 8th  of  August  a  preliminary  inspection  was  held  at  the 
armory,  when  some  six  hundred  men  answered  to  their  names. 
After  battalion  drill  Colonel  Fisk  made  the  following  address : 

Soldiers,  I  never  felt  prouder  than  I  do  to-night.  I  think  we  all  have  reason  to  feel 
proud  when  we  contemplate  the  improvement  made  by  this  regiment  within  the  past 
three  months.  We  now  number  three  hundred  men  more  than  we  did  six  weeks 
ago,  and  on  Saturday  morning  we  shall  leave  for  camp  with  five  hundred  and  fifty 
muskets.  This  ten  clays'  camp,  it  is  said  by  men  versed  in  the  business  of  war,  will 
be  worth  a  year's  armory  experience.  I  am  thankful  that  we  are  able  to  squeeze  a 
whole  year  into  ten  days. 

Our  friends  have  come  forward  nobly.  They  have  encouraged  us  in  every  way, 
and  let  us  prove  worthy  of  the  interest  they  take  in  our  welfare.  We  don't  go  forth 
to  be  the  mark  of  smoky  muskets ;  we  don't  sally  out  to  face  cannon  with  their 
bowels  full  of  wrath,  and  ready  mounted  to  spit  forth  ,their  iron  indignation  at  our 
forms.  We  are  bound  upon  a  harmless  errand  ;  but  we  must  make  the  trip  a  useful 
one.  Those  who  go  with  the  expectation  that  we  are  bent  upon  a  frolic  would  do 
well  to  stay  at  home.  We  goto  improve  ourselves;  and  while  we  may  expect  as 
much  pleasure  as  we  can  from  our  new  surroundings,  we  must  bear  in  mind  that 
our  main  object  is  work  and  not  mere  merrymaking. 


526  THE    NINTH    NEW    YORK.  1870 

On  the  morning  of  the  2Oth  of  August  the  command 
assembled  at  the  armory,  armed  and  equipped  for  the  purpose 
of  proceeding  to  Long  Branch  for  a  ten  days'  encampment. 
The  great  expense  of  this — some  fifteen  thousand  dollars- 
was  met  by  the  friends  of  the  regiment,  the  members  being" 
only  required  to  provide  knapsacks  and  blankets.  At  nine 
o'clock  line  was  formed,  ten  companies  of  eighteen  files  each. 

The  route  of  march  was  through  Eighth  Avenue  to  Twenty- 
third  Street,  to  Broadway,  to  Murray  Street,  to  West  Street, 
to  the  steamboat  landing.  The  whole  route  was  lined  with 
spectators  anxious  to  see  the  departure  of  their  favorite 
guardsmen.  The  regiment  reached  Pier  No.  28  about  ten 
o'clock,  and  immediately  embarked  on  the  steamboat  Plymouth 
Rock.  The  lines  were  soon  cast  off,  when  the  gaily-decked 
vessel  pulled  out  into  the  stream  amid  the  shouts  of  the 
multitude  gathered  on  the  wharf,  and  the  blowing  of  whistles 
from  steamers  and  tugs  in  the  vicinity.  Down  the  Bay,  past 
Governor's  Island  and  through  the  Narrows  the  steamer  plowed 
her  way.  Many  parties  of  pleasure-seekers  on  yachts  and 
other  small  craft  were  passed,  who  cheered  the  NINTH  and 
were  saluted  in  return.  The  ladies,  as  usual,  were  more  demon 
strative  than  their  male  companions,  as  the  vigorous  waving 
of  handkerchiefs  and  sun-shades  fully  attested. 

On  reaching  Sandy  Hook  the  regiment  left  the  boat  and 
boarded  the  railroad  train  ;  passing  the  Highlands  of  Navesink 
and  the  summer  resort  of  Seabright,  Long  Branch  was  soon 
reached.  Regimental  line  was  formed  and  a  short  march 
brought  the  NINTH  to  CAMP  JAY  GOULD.  Tents  had  previ 
ously  been  pitched  by  a  detail  sent  for  that  purpose,  and  the 
men  were  dismissed  to  make  the  acquaintance  of  their  new 
quarters. 

The  camp  was  situated  on  Ocean  Avenue  near  the  Conti 
nental  Hotel,  on  ground  belonging  to  Doctor  Helmbold,  who 
had  generously  given  the  use  of  it,  free  of  charge.  The  spot 
was  as  level  as  a  floor,  and  so  near  the  beach  that  the  men 
could  enjoy  surf  bathing  to  their  hearts'  content.  The  neigh- 


1&73  ENCAMPMENT    AT     LONG    BRANCH.  527 

borhood  was  en.irely  free  from  mosquitoes,  a  blessing  the 
members  fully  appreciated. 

A  circular  had  been  prepared  and  printed  and  copies  dis 
tributed  among  the  men,  that  contained  Standing  Orders, 
numbers  i  and  2,  and  which  prescribed  the  rules  for  the 
government  of  the  camp.  Every  duty  was  laid  down,  be 
ginning  with  reveille  at  sunrise  and  ending  with  "taps"  at  ten 
o'clock  in  the  evening.  A  regular  series  of  camp  duties  had 
been  arranged,  with  intervals  of  an  hour  or  so  between,  which 
gave  the  men  plenty  of  time  for  rest  and  amusement.  The 
day  after  the  arrival  was  Sunday,  and  at  the  appointed  time 
the  regiment  marched  to  church,  where  they  listened  to  an 
eloquent  sermon  by  Rev.  Sidney  A.  Corey.  A  dress-parade 
was  held  at  sundown. 

On  the  24th  the  regiment  was  reviewed  by  Governor 
Hoffman,  accompanied  by  his  staff,  with  nearly  the  whole  sum 
mer  population  of  the  Branch  for  interested  spectators. 
Among  the  notables  present,  besides  the  Governor,  were 
Generals  U.  S.  Grant  and  Horace  Porter,  and  Messrs.  Jay 
Gould,  A.  J.  Drexel,  George  \Y.  Childs,  Lester  Wallack,  John 
T.  Hoey  and  Edwin  Adams.  The  appearance  of  the  regi 
ment  while  passing  in  review  could  scarcely  have  been  im 
proved.  The  companies  had  been  equalized,  distance  was 
properly  maintained,  the  men  marched  with  a  firm,  elastic  step, 
and  the  officers  saluted  promptly.  Round  after  round  of  ap 
plause  from  the  assembled  spectators  greeted  the  men,  who 
felt  none  the  less  proud  of.  the  compliment  because  they 
believed  it  to  be  well-merited. 

The  next  day,  by  invitation  of  the  managers,  the  regiment 
attended  the  Monmouth  Park  races. 

The  event  of  that  season  at  Long  Branch  was  the  compli 
mentary  ball  given  by  the  NINTH  at  the  Continental  Hotel. 
Few  who  obtained  invitations  failed  to  attend.  Colonel  Fisk 
with  Miss  Gertrude  S.  Hyams,  of  New  Orleans,  opened  the 
dancing.  This  brilliant  affair  reflected  great  credit  on  the 
managers,  and  was  fully  appreciated  by  the  participants,  who 


5^8  THE    NINTH    NEW    YORK.  1870 

tripped  the  "  light  fantastic  toe"  till  past  three  o'clock  in  the 
morning. 

On  Sunday,  the  28th,  Chaplain  J.  A.  Spencer  preached  a 
very  instructive  sermon,  and  at  six  in  the  evening  the  usual 
dress-parade  was  witnessed  by  nearly  seven  thousand  people. 
Early  the  next  day  preparations  were  made  to  break  camp, 
and  at  ten  o'clock,  to  the  reverberations  of  the  signal  gun, 
the  garrison  flag  was  hauled  down  and  tents  struck.  After 
the  baggage  had  been  placed  in  the  wagons,  the  regiment 
formed  line  and  marched  to  the  railroad  station,  where  a  special 
train  was  in  waiting.  Sandy  Hook  was  soon  reached,  the 
Plymouth  Rock  boarded,  and  at  noon  the  pleasant  sail  to  New 
York  began.  The  city  was  reached  at  half-past  three,  but 
such  was  the  crowd,  gathered  to  welcome  the  return  of  the 
regiment,  that  an  hour  elapsed  before  the  police  could  clear 
a  sufficient  space  on  which  to  form  line.  Before  dismissing- 
the  men  at  the  armory,  Colonel  Fisk  briefly  addressed  the 
regiment,  complimenting  the  members  upon  the  fidelity  with 
which  they  had  attended  to  their  duties  during  the  encamp 
ment,  closing  with  a  few  characteristic  utterances  : 

"  May  your  shadows  never  grow  less.  May  your  shadows 
ever  remain  in  your  regiment,  and  you  be  enabled  to  inscribe 
on  your  banners  '  Excelsior!" 

Thus  ended  the  first  encampment  of  the  NINTH  since  its 
return  from  the  sterner  duties  of  field  service  during  the  war, 
and  the  new  members  were  confident  of  having;  endeavored  to 

o 

do  their  best,  as  became  the  successors  of  the  warriors  of 
1861-1865. 

During  the  absence  of  the  regiment  work  was  begun  upon 
the  enlargement  of  the  armory,  and  because  of  it  battalion 
drills  were  held  in  the  State  arsenal. 

On  the  3Oth  of  September  the  First  division  of  the 
National  Guard — about  ten  thousand  strong — participated  in 
the  obsequies  attending  the  burial  of  -—the  great —  Admiral, 
David  G.  Farragut.  The  regiment  assembled  at  the  armory 
at  half-past  eight  and  marched  to  Fifth  Avenue  and  Twenty- 
third  Street,  where  the  division  was  formed.  Before  the 


1870  ENTERTAINING    MILITARY    VISITORS.  529 

NINTH  reached  the  rendezvous  a  heavy  rain-storm  set  in, 
which  continued  during  the  formation,  and  in  a  few  minutes 

o 

those  in  line  were  wet  to  the  skin.  The  entire  line  of 
march  was  pursued,  however,  and  when  the  procession  halted 
at  the  New  Haven  railroad  station  very  few  of  the  men  in 
the  division  had  left  the  ranks.  Farra^ut's  remains  were 

o 

interred  in  Woocllawn  Cemetery. 

The  NINTH  was  now  in  a  position  to  extend  courtesies 
to  kindred  organizations,  and  invitations  having  been  sent  to 
a  number  of  such,  in  Eastern  cities,  to  visit  them,  the  regi 
ment,  on  the  1 3th  of  October,  assembled  at  the  armory  at  half- 
past  seven  A.  M.;  at  eight  it  marched  clown  Broadway  to  Canal 
Street,  thence  to  Pier  40,  North  River,  where  were  found 
the  Newburyport,  Mass.,  Artillery  (1774),  one  hundred  and 
thirty  strong,  under  command  of  Major  Ben.  Perley  Poore  ; 
the  Amoskeag  Veterans  (1854),  of  Manchester,  N.  H.,  number 
ing  one  hundred  and  forty-one,  Major  Nathaniel  Head 
commanding;  and  the  Putnam  Phalanx  (1858),  of  Hartford, 
Conn.,  one  hundred  and  eighty  strong,  under  Colonel  E. 
B.  Strong.  After  the  usual  civilities  had  been  exchanged  the 
procession  was  formed,  with  the  NINTH  as  escort  on  the  right, 
the  Amoskeag  Veterans,  Newburyport  Artillery,  and  the 
Putnam  Phalanx  on  the  left  of  the  line.  The  march  was 
through  Canal  Street  to  Broadway,  to  Fourteenth  Street,  to 
Fifth  Avenue,  to  Twenty-sixth  Street,  to  Madison  Avenue, 
to  Twenty-third  Street,  to  Fifth  Avenue,  to  Broadway,  to  the 
Grand  Central  Hotel,  where  the  guests  were  left,  and  the 
regiment  returned  to  the  armory  and  were  dismissed  until 
evening. 

A  reception  and  ball  had  been  arranged  in  honor  of  the 
visitors,  which,  through  the  courtesy  of  the  Twenty-second 
regiment,  was  held  at  their  commodious  and  beautifully 
decorated  armory  on  Fourteenth  Street.  The  pleasures  of 
this  entertainment  were  long  after  remembered  by  both  guests 
and  hosts.  So  perfect  were  the  arrangements  that  all  who 
were  present  enjoyed  themselves  to  the  utmost,  and  words 
would  fail  to  describe  the  feeling's  of  either  the  entertainers  or 


530.  TIII-:  NINTH   NEW   YORK.  1870 

those  entertained.  Among,  those  present  were  Generals 
McDowell,  Vodges  and  Green  ;  Governor  English  of  Con 
necticut,  and  C.  R.  Chapman,  Mayor  of  Hartford. 

Until  four  o'clock  in  the  afternoon  the  following  day  was 
spent  by  the  visitors  in  sight  seeing,  in  which  they  were 
accompanied  by  members  of  the  NINTH.  At  that  hour  the 
regiment  again  assembled  for  the  purpose  of  escorting  their 
guests  to  the  boat  on  their  homeward  journey.  Though  some 
what  fatigued  by  the  past  thirty-six  hours'  round  of  fes 
tivities  the  visitors,  amid  shouts  of  delight,  unanimously  voted 
that  they  had  had  a  "royal  good  time."  Invitations  were 
showered  upon  the  NINTH  to  make  a  return  visit  to  each 
organization,  and  after  bidding  the  Eastern  soldiers  farewell, 
the  NINTH  returned  to  the  armory  and  were  dismissed  ; 
the  happy  event  was  an  affair  of  the  past. 

On  the  afternoon  of  the  25th,  an  inspection  and  parade 
was  held  in  Washington  Square,  and  out  of  seven  hundred 
and  sixty-four  men  upon  the  rolls,  six  hundred  and  eight-six 
were  in  line.  The  roster  showed  an  increase  of  three  hundred 
and  fifty-four  over  the  previous  year,  an  unanswerable  argu 
ment,  in  this  instance,  in  favor  of  the  selection  of  a  colonel 
with  "  no  previous  military  experience." 

A  review  of  the  First  division  was  ordered  to  be  held  at 
Prospect  Park,  on  the  afternoon  of  the  28th.  The  NINTH  as 
sembled  at  nine  o'clock  in  the  morning,  and  marched  by  fours 
on  the  sidewalk  through  Broadway  to  Fulton  Street,  thence  to 
the  ferry.  On  the  Brooklyn  side  horse-cars  were  taken,  which 
conveyed  the  regiment  to  within  a  short  distance  of  the  ground, 
which  was  soon  reached,  and  the  NINTH  took  its  place  in  line, 
reporting  to  General  Varian,  the  brigade  commander.  After 
an  hour's  delay,  the  division  was  formed  and  the  command 
passed  in  review.  Many  visitors  were  present,  who  testified 
their  interest  by  repeated  applause  as  their  favorite  regiments 
passed  by.  Among  the  many  military  men  present  were 
Generals  Townsend,  McQuade,  Mosher,  Bissell  and  Steinway, 
and  Colonels  Warren,  Conway,  Moller,  J.  F.  McQuade, 


1870  A    GRAND    BAND.  531 

Greenman  and  H.  U hi.  The  weather  was   pleasant,  and  the   re 
view  passed  off  to  the  entire  satisfaction  of  all  concerned. 

On  the  1 2th  of  December,  Colonel  Fisk  perfected  arrange 
ments  for  organizing  a  new  regimental  band  of  one  hundred 
musicians,  similar  to  the  famous  "  Guides  "  Hand  of  Brussels, 
Belgium.  Carlo  Pdtti  was  appointed  musical  director,  and 
Professor  D.  L.  Downing,  leader.  The  members  were  to  be 
uniformed  at  a  cost  of  eighty  dollars  each.  There  were  to  be 
four  flutes,  two  oboes,  four  bassoons,  four  e.  b.  clarionets,  eigh 
teen  b.  b.  clarionets,  six  cornets,  four  trumpets,  four  French 
horns,  four  baritone  horns,  four  sax  horns,  six  trombones,  eight 
tubas,  three  side  drums,  one  Indian  bell,  one  pair  cymbals,  one 
triangle,  one  bass  drum  and  twenty-five  snare  drums.  Such  a 
combination  had  never  before  been  attempted  in  the  United 
States,  and  many  were  the  speculations  on  the  part  of  the  pub 
lic  as  to  whether  or  not  it  would  succeed. 


THE    NINTH    NEW     VURK.  1871 


CHAPTER    XXVI. 

EXCURSION  TO  BOSTON.—  TO  JULY  4TH. 
1871. 

The  Band  Concert.  —  Division  Drills.  —  The  Annual  Ball  at  the  Academy  of  Music.— 
Presentation  to  Captain  Spencer.  —  Company  K's  Anniversary.  —  The  Tenth 
Anniversary  of  the  Departure  of  the  Regiment  for  the  War.  —  Correspondence 
Respecting  the  Visit  to  Boston.  —  The  Boston  Methodist  Preacher's  Protest  Against 
a  Parade  on  Sunday.  —  The  Trip  to  Boston.  —  Ceremonies  there.  —  Anniversary  of 
the  Battle  of  Bunker  Hill.  —  Colonel  Fisk's  Address  to  the  Nix  ni.—  Return  to 
New  York.—  Congratulatory  letters  from  M.  M.  Ballou  of  Boston,  and  Mayor 
Kent  of  Charlestown.  —  Resolutions  of  Thanks  10  the  Eighth  Massachusetts.  — 
"The  Boston  Dip."  —  The  Ninety-fifth  Anniversary  of  American  Independence. 


the  ist  of  January,  1871,  the  Grand  Opera  House  was 
filled  to  overflowing-  —  hundreds  being  turned  away  for 
lack  even  of  standing  room  —  by  an  eager  audience  gathered  to 
listen  to  the  initial  performance  of  the  new  band.  Those  for 
tunate  possessors  of  tickets  who  gained  admission,  listened  to 
such  music  as  had  never  before  been  rendered  in  this  country. 
The  selection  of  "  Luther's  Judgment  Hymn,"  from  Meyer 
beer's  opera  of  Les  Huguenots,  as  the  opening  piece  was  most 
appropriate,  inasmuch  as  it  brought  out  the  fine  points  of  the 
grand  combination  of  instruments,  and  especially  the  great, 
powerful  bass,  which  shook  the  house  with  its  vibrant  strength. 
On  the  loth  regimental  orders  directed  that  division  drills 

<;_> 

take  place  bi-monthly  during  the  succeeding  quarter,  and  the 
Lieutenant-Colonel  and  Major  were  designated  as  alternate 
instructors.  A  fine  of  six  dollars  was  imposed  as  the  penalty 
for  non-attendance  at  these  drills,  which  were  to  take  place  at 
eight  o'clock  on  the  evenings  named. 

On  the  7th  of  February  the  annual  ball  was  given  at  the 
Academy  of  Music.  The  famous  band,  resplendent  in  scarlet 
uniforms,  profusely  laced  with  gold,  occupied  the  back  of  the 
stage,  and  fronted  an  Oriental  tent  scene.  The  blue  uniforms 


1871  ORGANIZATION    OF    THE    VETERAN    CORPS. 


533 


of  the  men  of  the  regiment — that  of  the  officers  being  richly  or 
namented  with  red  and  gold — contrasted  favorably  with  the 
rich  costumes  worn  by  the  ladies  and  added  much  to  the 
ensemble.  The  opening  march  was  led  by  Colonel  and  Mrs. 
Fisk.  Among  the  distinguished  guests  present  were  Generals 
Shaler,  Kiddo,  McOuade,  Varian  and  Burger;  Colonels  Oakley, 
John  Fowler,  Jr.,  Median,  Perry,  Conklin,  Brinker,  Mitchell, 
Story,  Carr,  Rockafeller,  Funk,  Sterry,  Woodward,  Bodine, 
Moller,  Devereaux,  and  Dorr  of  Buffalo;  Majors  Crawford, 
Schlesinger  and  Miller,  and  Captain  Percy,  U.  S.  N.  ;  Adju 
tants  Bates  and  Bruen,  and  Messrs.  George  W.  Webber, 
C.  E.  Orvis,  John  M.  Pollock,  Leonard  \V.  Jerome,  H.  J. 
Jackson,  and  Oscar  Townsend,  of  Cleveland.  Ohio.  The 
expense  to  the  regiment  \vas  upwards  of  five  thousand  dollars. 

At  Apollo  Hall,  on  March  iith,  Captain  Spencer  of  Com 
pany  K,  was  presented  by  the  members  of  his  command  with 
a  handsome  sword,  belt  and  sash,  as  a  testimonial  of  the 
respect  and  esteem  in  which  he  was  held  by  them.  J.  V. 
Robertson  of  the  company,  in  a  happy  and  complimentary 
manner,  made  the  presentation  address,  the  Captain  respond 
ing  in  his  usual  felicitous  style,  thanking  his  command  for  their 
gift  and  the  numerous  friends  present  for  their  sympathy  and 
encouragement.  After  these  formal  ceremonies,  those  present 
engaged  in  dancing  and  social  intercourse  until  a  late  hour. 

A  visit  of  the  regiment  to  Boston,  to  take  part  in  the 
celebration  of  the  anniversary  of  the  Battle  of  Bunker  Hill  had 
been  decided  upon,  and  the  weekly  drills  were  vigorously  prose 
cuted.  On  the  25th  and  26th  of  April  drills  were  held  in  the 
Armory,  only  those  holding  complimentary  tickets  being 
admitted  to  witness  them. 

During  the  month  the  matter  of  the  organization  of  a 
Veteran  Association  had  been  agitated,  and  a  circular  was  issued 
calling  a  meeting  for  that  purpose  at  the  armory  on  the  even 
ing  of  May  5th.  At  that  time  a  large  and  enthusiastic  number 
of  veterans  assembled.  An  election  for  officers  resulted  in  the 
choice  of  Colonel  M.  M.  Van  Beuren  as  President,  Brevet 
Brigadier-General  John  Hendrickson,  First  Vice-President, 


TIIE    NINTH    NEW    YORK.  1871 

Brevet  Brigadier-General  John  H.  Wilcox,  Second  Vice-Presi- 
•dent. 

Membership  was  open  to  those  who  at  any  time  had  been 
members  of  the  regiment,  and  who  held  honorable  discharges  ; 
also  to  those  still  in  active  service  who  had  served  a  term  of 
enlistment.  The  objects  of  the  organization  were  to  promote 
friendly  intercourse,  care  for  the  sick,  relieve  the  needy,  see 
that  the  dead  were  duly  honored,  keep  a  record  of  the  regiments' 
history,  and  also  to  further  the  interests  of  the  active  organiza 
tion. 

May  2/th,  the  tenth  anniversary  of  the  departure  of  the 
NINTH  for  the  war,  was  devoted  to  a  celebration  of  that  impor 
tant  event.  At  two  P.  M.  the  regiment  assembled  at  the 
armory,  where  line  was  formed,  the  column  soon  after  moving 
through  Eighth  Avenue  to  Twenty-third  Street,  to  Fifth 

O  O  * 

Avenue,  to  Broadway,  to  the  City  Hall  Park,  where  the  line 
was  reviewed  by  Mayor  A.  Oakey  Hall  ;  after  which  the  route 
was  countermarched  to  the  armory  and  the  men  dismissed,  in 
order  to  prepare  for  the  banquet  in  the  evening.  Covers  had 
been  laid  for  eight  hundred  persons,  in  the  large  drill  room, 
which  was  soon  filled  by  the  members  of  the  regiment,  the 
Veterans  of  the  NINTH,  and  their  guests.  Between  the  responses 
to  the  various  toasts  the  band  discoursed  sweet  music.  After 
two  hours  of  solid  enjoyment  the  pleasant  affair  was  ended 
and  all  sought  their  homes,  well  pleased  with  the  day  and  even 
ing's  entertainment. 

On  the  5th  of  June  a  brigade  drill  was  held  at  Tompkins 
Square.  The  command  appeared  in  full  uniform,  white  trousers 
and  gloves,  at  half-past  one  P.  M.,  marching  from  the  armory 
to  the  rendezvous,  where  the  evolutions  were  performed  under 
the  direction  of  General  Varian,  the  brigade  commander. 
Nearly  one  half  of  the  men  in  the  ranks  of  the  NINTH  were 
recruits,  but  such  had  been  the  persistency  with  which  drilling 
had  been  prosecuted  that  the  new  men  compared  favorably 
with  the  older  members. 

The  proposed  visit  to  Boston  had  given  rise  to  a  great  deal 
of  discussion  in  the  papers  of  both  cities,  principally  because 


1871  COLONEL     FISK TO     MAYOR     GASTON.  535 

of  the  request  made  by  Colonel  Fisk  that  the  "regiment  be 
allowed  to  hold  religious  services  on  the  Common  during  the 
Sunday  of  their  stay  there.  The  correspondence  between  the 
Colonel  and  others  is  here  given  : 


New  York,  April  yh,  1871. 
Hon.  WILLIAM  GASTON, 

Mayor  of  Boston  : 

DEAR  SIR  : — This  will  introduce  to  you  Major  Jas.  R.  Hitchcock,  Captain  Gustavus 
A.  Fuller,  and  Lieutenant  Alonzo  P.  Bicon,  o.'fLers  of  the  NINTH  Regiment,  and  the 
committee  appointed  by  the  Board  of  Officers  to  visit  your  city,  and  confer  with 
you  in  regard  to  a  proposed  trip  on  the  i/th  of  June  proximo.  They  are  empowered 
to  make  all  arrangement  in  behalf  of  the  regiment,  and  I  would  respectfully  ask 
that  the  hospitality  of  the  city  of  Boston  be  extended  to  the  regiment. 

I  am,  with  much  respect, 

JAMES  FISK,  JR., 

Colonel  Commanding . 

The  Mayor  referred  this  letter  to  the  Board  of  Aldermen, 
and  on  motion  of  Alderman  Pierce,  it  was  laid  upon  the  table. 
No  reply  was  returned  to  the  writer.  After  waiting  three 
weeks  Colonel  Fisk  wrote  again  : 

New  York  April  27 th,  1871. 
Hon.  WILLIAM  GASTON, 

Mayor  of  Boston : 

DKAR  SIR: — On  the  5th  I  addressed  to  you  a  letter  asking  an  extension  of  hos 
pitality  to  the  NINTH  Regiment  N.  G.  S.  N.  Y.  I  understand  it  was  delivered  to  you  by 
a  committee  of  the  regiment,  and  referred  by  you  to  the  Board  of  Aldermen.  I 
infer  from  the  published  proceedings,  that  the  letter,  which  was  simply  designed  to 
obtain  your  official  permission  for  the  visit  of  the  NINTH  Regiment,  was  misconstrued 
into  an  application  for  special  favors  at  the  expense  of  your  city,  a  perversion  for  which 
there  was  no  warrant  and  no  excuse.  The  reason  of  my  application  to  you  was  (as 
I  was  informed)  the  law  of  your  State  did  not  allow  the  entry  of  an  armed  force, 
without  the  sanction  of  the  Federal  Government,  or  the  chief  Magistrate  of  the  State 
or  city  to  be  entered.  Having  waited  a  sufficient  time  for  your  decision,  and  not 
having  received  from  you  the  courtesy  of  a  reply,  I  have  applied,  in  the  name  of  the 
regiment,  to  his  Excellency  the  Governor  of  the  Commonwealth  of  Massachusetts,  to 
enter  your  city,  and  he  has  courteously  and  promptly  granted  the  request.  I  beg, 
therefore,  that  you  will  relieve  the  Common  Council  from  further  consideration  of  the 
subject,  as  their  action,  or  inaction,  is  a  matter  of  perfect  indifference  to  the  gentlemen 
under  my  command. 

Your  obedient  servant, 

JAMES  FISK,  JR., 

Colonel  Commanding. 


536  THE    NINTH    NEW    YORK.  1871. 

This    communication    was   not    acted   upon     in    any    way, 
.neither  was  its  receipt  acknowledged  by  Mayor  Gaston. 
Colonel  Fisk's  next  communication  was  : 

New  York,  June  2nd,  1871. 
Hon.  WILLIAM  GASTON, 

Mayor  of  Boston  : 

DEAR  SIR  : — As  I  am  informed  that  your  city  ordinances  prohibit  the  entry  of 
any  regiment  upon  Boston  Common  without  the  permission  of  the  Mayor,  I  respect 
fully  request  permission  for  the  use  of  the  Common  by  the  NINTH  Regiment  N.  G.  S. 
N.  Y.,  on  the  iyth  inst.,  for  dress-parade,  and  on  the  i8th,  for  public  religious  services. 

Very  respectfully, 

Your  obedient  servant, 

JAMES  FISK,  JR., 

Colonel. 

As  this  correspondence  was  published  in  the  newspapers, 
"  Puritan  New  England  "  became  aroused,  and  the  Methodist 
preachers  delivered  themselves  of  the  following: 

Boston,  Monday,  June  \2th,  1871. 

At  a  stated  meeting  of  the  Methodist  Preachers'  Association  to-day  the  Rev. 
Gilbert  Haven  introduced  the  following,  which  was  adopted,  and  the  committee,  which 
the  resolutions  propose,  was  appointed,  consisting  of  the  leading  clerical  representa 
tives  of  the  denomination  in  Boston  and  neighborhood. 

Wlicreas,  Except  in  time  of  war  we  can  see  no  good  reason  for  any  movement 
to  mass  troops  or  parts  of  regiments  on  the  Lord's  day;  therefore, 

Resolved,  That  the  Methodist  ministers  of  Boston  and  vicinity  appoint  a  committee 
•of  seven  of  our  members  to  wait  upon  his  Excellency,  Gov.  C'laHin,  and  respectfully 
request  him,  as  Commander-in-Chief  of  the  State  Militia,  not  to  permit  the  establish 
ment  of  any  precedent,  in  opposition  to  the  preamble,  by  allowing  any  Massachusetts 
troops  to  escort  any  regiment  while  within,  or  going  from,  the  city  of  Boston  on  the 
l8th  of  June  next. 

Colonel  Fisk's  next  move  was  to  address  the  Mayor  of 
Charlestown,  within  whose  limits  Bunker  Hill  Monument  is 
situated  : 

New  York,  I une  i^th,  9.30  P.  M. 
To  his  Honor  WM.  H.  KENT, 

The  Mayor  of  Charlestown,  Mass.  : 

I  am  at  this  moment  in  receipt  of  a  telegram  from  Boston,  announcing  that  the 
NINTH  Regiment  are  denied  the  privilege  of  holding  religious  services  in  any  public 
place  in  Boston,  except  the  streets,  on  Sunday  next.  Will  you  allow  the  regiment  to 
march  on  Sabbath  morning  to  your  hospitable  city,  and  there  hold  religious  services 
in  such  suitable  place  as  you  may  designate. 


1  8;  I  EXCURSION    TO    BOSTON.  537 

If  Monument  Square,  or  the  grounds  surrounding  Bunker  Hill  Monument,  are  subject 
to  your  control,  allow  us  to  suggest  one  of  the  places.  Please  answer  by  telegraph  at 
earliest  moment  in  order  that  a  committee  may  confer  with  you  on  Thursday. 

JAMES  FISK,  JR., 

Colonel  Commanding. 

To  this  the  following  prompt,  though  unsatisfactory  reply, 
was  made  : 

Col.  JAS.  FISK,  Jr.  : 

The  monument  grounds  are  undergoing  repairs.  The  private  property  —  Winthrop 
Square  —  might  answer.  Personally,  I  desire  to  do  anything  I  can  consistent  with  my 
official  duty,  but  I  have  no  power  to  grant  your  request.  I  will  call  the  Board  of  Alder- 
•men  together  for  action  if  you  wish  it. 

W.  H.  KENT,^/iyw. 

Boston,  June, 


In  obedience  to  orders  issued  on  the  ist  of  the  month,  the 
regiment  assembled  at  the  armory  at  half-past  two  P.  M.  on  the 
1  6th,  armed  and  equipped  for  the  trip  to  Boston. 

The  following  account  is  copied  in  part  from  the  Army 
and  Navy  Journal,  of  June  24th  : 

The  regiment  left  its  armory,  taking  the  best  and  most  direct  course  clown  town  to 
the  foot  of  Murray  Street.  It  was  escorted  by  the  Eighth  Infantry,  Colonel  George  D. 
Scott,  all  in  full  dress,  and  making  a  handsome  show.  The  hour,  and  the  notoriety  of 
the  command  and  commander,  tended  to  fill  well  the  sidewalks  and  windows  along 
the  line  of  march  with  curious  spectators.  Broadway  was  particularly  excited  over 
the  appearance  and  well-filled  ranks  of  the  terrible  NINTH.  The  regiment,  of  ten 
companies,  eighteen  files  strong,  in  full  marching  order,  was  never  more  effective,  each 
company  as  it  passed  being  the  recipient  of  loud  applause.  No  military  gentleman, 
who  stood  on  the  curb  and  watched  with  interest  the  movements  of  the  troops,  could 
fail  to  be  impressed  by  the  fact  that  a  command  which  one  year  ago  numbered  only 
about  two  hundred,  was  that  day  parading  nearly  seven  Jiundred,  all  told,  yet  headed 
by  a  novice  in  the  military  art.  The  gorgeous  and  numerous  band,  the  brilliant  and 
handsomely  mounted  and  equipped  staff  appointments,  showed  what  wealth  and 
energy  and  love  of  notoriety  could  accomplish. 

The  band,  with  its  excellent  leader,  Professor  D.  L.  Downing,  and  one  hundred 
instruments,  was  the  cause  of  the  most  enthusiastic  praise  during  its  march,  Professor 
Jules  Levy,  the  excellant  cornet  performer,  being  one  of  it. 

The  embarkation  of  the  troops  upon  the  steamer  Ne^uport,  and'  the  consequent 
confusion  on  board,  the  speedy  settling  down  and  procuring  of  state-rooms,  berths, 
etc.,  was  done  with  remarkable  order,  under  the  able  management  of  Captain  G.  A. 
Fuller,  as  officer  of  the  day  ;  and  Lieutenants  David  Wolff  and  M.  P.  L.  Montgomery  as 
officers  of  the  guard. 

Lieutenant-Colonel  Chas.  R.  Braine  and  Adjutant  Allien  made  every  provision  for 
the  press  and  others  accompanying  the  excursionists,  which  included  Colonel  Scott  of 
the  Eighth,  ex-Colonel  John  W.  Davis  and  Captain  Henry  S.  Brooks  of  the  NINTH 


538  THE    NINTH    NEW    YORK.  1871 

• 

also  Mr.  G.  W.Bradley  of  Boston,  the  latter,  during  the  stay  in  Boston,  offering  many 
courtesies  to  the  members  of  the  press. 

The  trip  going  to  Boston  was  made  especially  eventful  by  the  presentation  of  a 
superb  maltese-shipsd  m;dal,  studded  with  diamonds,  to  Adjuta  it  Allien,  the  gift  of 
the  non-commissioned  staff  and  personal  friends.  Colonel  Fisk  made  the  presentation 
in  happy  style.  The  Adjutant  responded,  thanking  the  givers  of  the  generous  gift, 
which  was  valued  pecuniarily  at  $300.  This  over,  "  taps  "  was  shortly  afterwards 
beaten,  the  signal  for  all  to  retire,  which  the  majority,  strange  to  state,  obeyed.  Those 
who  failed  to  obtain  state-rooms  sought  berths  or  lay  on  mattresses  spread  in  every 
conceivable  direction  over  the  decks  of  the  main  cabin.  These  latter  were  noisy 
mortals,  who  prevented  others  from  sleeping  on  the  outward-bound  voyage.  The 
officer  of  the  day  found  it  impossible  to  keep  these  merry  soldiers  quiet,  yet  all  were 
good-natured,  the  men  keeping  quiet  during  the  admonitions  of  the  officer  and  then 
cheering  him  three  times  three,  and  resuming  the  sports  of  the  night.  There  was,  however, 
no  roughness,  or  attempts  to  disturb  by  practical  jokes  those  who  had  retired  to  state 
rooms.  The  enforcement  of  strict  discipline  on  a  crowded  steamboat  among  troops 
bound  on  a  pleasure  trip  has  never  yet  been  secured,  and  we  think  never  will.  It  is 
jusi  to  say,  however,  that  the  men  of  the  NINTH  paid  more  respect  to  their  superior 
officers  than  we  ever  witnessed  on  a  similar  trip. 

The  Newport  at  an  early  hour  reached  its  destination  (Newport,  R.  I.),  where  a 
committee  of  Boston  military  were  awaiting  its  arrival.  The  military  delegation  was 
composed  as  follows :  First  Regiment,  Surgeon  White,  Captain  Jones  of  Colonel 
Johnston's  staff,  Captain  Snow  of  Company  G,  Captain  Kingsburg  of  Company  I, 
Lieutenant  Lethbridgeof  Company  A,  and  Lieutenant  Walsh  of  Company  ¥ ;  Ninth 
(Boston)  Regiment:  Surgeon  Flatley,  Adjutant  Fitzpatrick,  Quartermaster  Dowling, 
Captain  Strachan  and  Lieutenant  McVey  ;  Fifth  Regiment :  Lieutenant-Colonel  Fay, 
Major  Daniells ;  First  battalion  :  Surgeon  Bodge,  and  Lieutenant  J.  H.  Brown. 

Just  before  disembarkation,  Colonel  B,  J.  Finan,  of  the  Ninth  Massachusetts, 
who  headed  the  committee,  welcomed  the  NINTH  New  York,  after  which  all  marched 
to  the  special  train  provided,  and  after  three  hours' travel  reached  Boston,  where  an 
immense  concourse  of  people  greeted  the  regiment.  Strange  to  say,  little  or  no 
provision  had  been  made  for  clearing  the  depot,  when  the  troops  left  the  cars,  and  it 
was  with  difficulty  that  the  NINTH  was  formed  and  took  its  position  in  the  column  of 
military  escort  offered  them. 

The  escort  was  composed  of  the  First  Battalion,  Infantry,  Mass.  V.  M.,  Major 
Douglass  Frazer.,  commanding ;  Montgomery  Light-Guard,  Company  I,  Ninth  Regi 
ment,  Captain  George  Mullins;  Charlestown  Cadets,  Company  A,  Fifth  Regiment, 
Captain  Frank  Todd ;  Sheridan  Rifles,  Company  F,  First  Regiment,  Captain  Wm. 
Evans. 

Although  the  hour  was  early,  eight  A.  M.,  the  streets  along  the  line  of  march  were 
densely  crowded  and  the  people  rushed  from  all  directions  to  see  the  gallant  NINTH. 
The  crowd  seemed  mostly  to  concentrate  at  the  head  of  the  regiment,  near  the  band, 
whose  inspiring  tones  rather  opened  the  eyes  of  the  Bostonians,  one  of  whose  virtues, 
is  fondness  for  good  music.  The  escorting  column  and  its  visitors  after  a  short  march 
reached  Blackstone  Square,  when  the  troops  were  dismissed,  the  NINTH  stacking  arms 
and  proceeding  to  the  St.  James  Hotel,  its  headquarters  during  the  stay  in  Boston. 
The  crowd  at  the  hotel  was  immense,  and  the  streets  in  the  immediate  vicinity  could 
scarcely  be  kept  free  by  the  police.  This  crowd  was  apparently  composed  of  Boston's 
most  respectable — or  at  least  best-dressed — citizens 


1871  CEREMONIES  IN    BOSTON.  539 

The  NINTH  having  located,  washed  and  breakfasted,  Colonel  Johnston,  of  the  First 
Regiment,  M.  V.  M.,  delivered  an  address  of  welcome  in  the  words : 

"  Colonel  Fisk  : — As  senior  officer  of  the  organizations  taking  part  in  this  reception,  it 
becomes  my  pleasant  duty  to  welcome  you  and  your  command  to  the  city  of  Boston, 
believing  as  I  do  that  your  visit  will  strengthen  the  bonds  of  friendship  and  good  will 
that  should  unite  the  citizens  of  two  great  States,  whose  sons  stood  shoulder  to  shoul 
der  in  all  the  great  battles  of  the  late  war  for  the  Union,  and  who  now  join  in 
doing  honor  to  the  men  of  i775-'76,  whose  deeds  of  valor  in  the  cause  of  liberty  and 
independence  are  the  common  heritage  not  alone  of  Massachusetts,  but  of  every  State 
and  Territory  in  the  land.  I  trust  that  your  stay  amongst  us  will  be  an  agreeable  one, 
and  I  can  offer  no  stronger  words  of  welcome  than  to  hope  that  your  command  will  be 
as  well  pleased  with  this  visit,  as  I  know  the  different  organizations  here  represented 
are  in  receiving  you." 

Colonel  Fisk  returned  thanks  to  Colonel  Johnston  in  a  few  appropriate  remarks, 
necessarily  short  because  of  the  near  approach  of  the  time  to  assemble  the  troops. 

The  members  now  donned  their  white  trousers  and  prepared  to  join  the  military 
about  proceeding  to  Charlestown,  to  participate  in  the  Bunker  Hill  celebration.  The 
formation  of  the  grand  military  pageant  was  slow  in  the  extreme,  the  column  not 
moving  until  long  past  eleven  o'clock,  or  more  than  an  hour  after  the  regular  time  ap 
pointed.  The  late  arrival  of  the  NINTH  may  have  delayed  matters  somewhat,  it  could 
not  have  been  entirely  at  fault,  for  it  was  ready  long  before  it  was  ordered  to  take  its 
position  in  the  column  of  march,  finally  moving  at  half-past  eleven  o'clock,  in  the  fol 
lowing  order: 

Platoon  of  Police  under 
City  Marshal  E.  T.  Swift. 

First  Regiment  Band  (Gilmore's)  and  Drum  Corps. 

Military  escort,  Col.  Geo.  H.  Johnston,  commanding. 

First  Regiment  M.  V.  M.,  Lieut.-Col.  Proctor. 

O'Connor's  Ninth  Regiment  Band. 
Ninth  Regiment  Mass.  V.  M.,  Col.  B.  F.  Finan. 

Shawmut  Brass  Band. 

First  Battalion  M.  V.  Infantry,  Major  Douglass  Frazer. 
First  Light  Battery  M.  V.  A.,   Lieut.  Foster. 

Downing's  NINTH  Regiment  Band. 
NINTH  Regiment  N.  G.  S.  N.  Y.,  Col.  Jas.  Fisk,  Jr. 

Bond's  Cornet  Band. 
Prescott  Light  Guard  (Cavalry),  Captain   F.  L.  Gilman. 

Roxbury  Horse  Guards,  Captain  A.  P.  Calcler. 

The  escort  was  formed  on  St.  James  Park,  and  as  soon  as  the  NINTH  New  York 
had  got  into  line,  it  marched  past  the  escort  and  was  saluted.  This  salute  they 
returned,  as  the  escort  marched  past  them,  and  the  entire  body  then  proceeded 
towards  Charlestown,  passing  through  Washington  Street,  Temple  Place,  Tremont, 
Court,  Hanover,  Blackstone  and  Haverhill  Streets  to  Warren  Bridge. 

The  streets  of  Boston  were  so  crowded  along  the  entire  route  that  one  would  have 
supposed  that  all  Massachusetts  had  concentrated  at  Boston. 

The  First  Infantry  was  handsomely  uniformed  in  gray,  wearing  the  old-time 
bear-skin  shakos,  marching  steadily  with  excellent  alignment.  This  regiment  is  com 
posed  of  companies  from  suburban  localities  surrounding  Boston,  all  having  a  certain 
distinctiveness  and  independence  which  would  not  work  well  in  New  York.  The 


54O  THE  NINTH  NEW   YORK.  1871 

Ninth  (Massachusetts),  mainly  composed  of  men  of  Irish  birth,  was  uniformed  in 
blue  coats,  white  trousers,  peculiar  low-crowned  hats,  with  green  plumes.  The  com 
pany  distance,  alignments  and  steadiness  was  most  creditable,  and  they  averaged 
fourteen  files  each.  The  First  battalion  made  a  very  fair  appearance  and  was  com 
posed  of  four  companies  with  full  ranks.  The  men  of  the  First  Light  Battery  wore 
blue  jackets  and  red  trousers,  making  a  fair  display.  The  NINTH  New  York  marched 
next  in  column  most  steadily,  and  with  excellent  alignment  and  company  distance ; 
without  the  least  prejudice  we  must  say  we  failed  to  see  any  organization  in  the  whole 
military  column  that  exceeded  it  in  steady  marching  and  closeness  of  ranks.  The 
Prescott  Light  Guard  (cavalry)  brought  up  the  rear,  the  troop  bring  uniformed  in 
scarlet  and  blue,  and  well  mounted,  making  a  handsome  display. 

The  troops  marched  to  Warren  Bridge,  and  were  there  joined  by  the  Fifth  regi 
ment,  Colonel  Walter  Everett,  parading  in  good  strength ;  marching  and  looking 
finely,  its  colonel  then  assuming  command  of  the  column.  Proceeding  through 
Warren  Avenue  to  Charlestown,  the  procession  was  reviewed  by  Mayor  Kent  and 
the  City  Goverment  at  City  Square.  Welcome  to  the  guests  from  New  York  waved 
out  from  most  every  window  and  upon  many  staffs. 

The  procession  after  re-forming  took  up  the  following  route :  Moving  from  City 
Square  through  Harvard,  Washington,  Union  and  Main  Streets,  to  Sullivan  Square,  it 
countermarched  to  Bunker  Hill  Street;  to  Elm  and  High  Streets,  to  Monument 
Square,  around  Monument  Square,  keeping  to  the  right,  to  Concord,  through  Concord, 
Bunker  Hill,  Chelsea,  Mt.  Vernon,  Chestnut  and  Adams  Streets ;  around  Winthrop 
Square  to  Winthrop  Street,  through  High  Street  to  Monument  Avenue,  Warren 
Street  to  Craft's  Corner,  down  Main  Street  to  the  City  Square. 

The  reception  in  Charlestown  was  most  generous,  and  the  decorations  along  the 
line  of  march  very  handsome.  The  troops  were  feasted  at  Winthrop  Square,  return 
ing  afterwards  to  Boston  by  way  of  Park  Street,  Warren  Avenue,  Haverhill,  Black- 
stone,  Clinton,  Commercial,  State,  Washington,  School  and  Beacon  Streets,  and  enter 
ing  the  Common  at  Charles  Street.  When  on  the  Common  a  brigade  dress-parade 
was  held,  Colonel  Johnston,  the  senior  officer,  again  assuming  command,  and  the  con 
solidated  musi?  was  placed  under  the  control  of  Drum  Major  Geo.  W.  Hill  of  the  New 
York  NINTH. 

This  was  a  very  handsome  display,  and  a  very  gratifying  sight  to  the  thousands  of 
spectators  assembled  there.  Here  the  main  body  of  the  troops  were  dismissed,  a  de 
tachment  escorting  the  NINTH  to  its  headquarters. 

During  this  long  march  (estimated  by  some  at  fourteen  miles)  we  did  not  see  half  a 
dozen  stragglers  from  the  NINTH. 

In  the  evening  the  band  gave  a  public  concert  on  the  Common,  when  some  twenty 
thousand  persons  ;  ssembled  to  listen  to  the  exquisite  strains  of  this  celebrated  band. 
The  concert  lasted  two  hours  and  was  loudly  applauded. 

Sunday  it  rained  in  torrents  all  day,  so,  "  by  common  consent  "  and  by  order  of 
Colonel  Fisk,  the  NINTH  attended  the  religious  services  at  the  Boston  Theatre,  Rev. 
E.  O.  Flagg,  D.D.,  conducting  the  exercises  in  accordance  with  the  Episcopalian 
forms,  and  afterwards  gave  a  short  discourse.  He  was  followed  by  a  few  pertinent 
remarks  on  the  part  of  Colonel  Fisk  : 

"  Soldiers  of  the  NINTH  Regiment : — On  the  morrow,  if  God  spares  us,  we  shall  get 
back  to  our  own  city,  at  least  to  the  city  where  you  belong,  for  I  can  scarcely  say  our 
city,  because  I  belong  in  Boston.  This  is  my  residence.  I  can  hardly  express  to  you 


1871  ADDRESS    OF    COLONEL    FISK.  541 

the  feelings  I  cherish  towards  you  all,  for  the  manner  in  which  you  have  fulfilled  all 
your  duties  as  soldiers  on  this  occasion.  You  have  again  occasion  to  feel  proud,  in  every 
sense  oi  the  word,  of  your  entire  behavior  from  the  time  you  left  New  York  until  now. 
I  can  only  thank  you  in  all  kindness — heartfelt  kindness — that  you  have  clone  now,  as 
you  always  have  done,  since  you  have  been  under  my  command,  that  you  have  again 
taken  a  great  interest  in  the  performance  of  your  duties,  and  that  you  have  as  usual 
shown  your  willingness  to  carry  out  every  wish  of  your  superior  officers.  It  is  always 
with  pride,  when  we  have  been  anywhere,  that  in  after  times,  when  I  have  met  those 
whom  we've  been  associated  with,  that  I  hear  of  the  proud  manner  in  which  the  regi 
ment  is  spoken  of.  I  felt  certain  of  your  reception  in  Boston.  I  felt  assured  of  your 
conduct.  I  knew  what  the  result  would  be,  but  a  very  unfortunate  mistake  or  accident 
has  occurred  with  regard  to  the  authorities  of  the  city  of  Boston,  a  mistake  I  would 
gladly  have  avoided.  The  hospitalities  we  wanted  extended  to  us  were  those  that 
1  felt  we  would  be  sure  to  get,  and  the  only  thing  that  has  gone  wrong  was  the  occasion 
which  has  made  it  necessary  for  me  to  offer  an  apology  to  the  Mayor  of  the  city  of 
Boston  on  behalf  of  the  regiment. 

"  When  passing  in  review,  we  did  not  know  that  lie  was  to  review  us.  I  saw  him 
just  in  time  to  salute  him  myself,  but  the  regiment  was  unable  to  salute  him,  for  there 
was  not  time  to  pass  the  word  down  the  line.  It  was  a  respect  we  owed  to  him  in 
his  position  as  Chief  Magistrate  of  this  city;  and  it  is  right  that  the  regiment  should 
apologize,  and  therefore,  when  these  remarks  are  registered,  as  they  will  be  to-morrow, 
when  we  have  returned  to  our  homes,  he  will  hear  that  we  have  apologized  to  him  for 
a  mistake  which  was  not  ours.  We  should  have  been  notified. 

"  I  wish  to  speak  of  the  kind  manner  in  which  the  military  of  Massachusetts  have 
received  us,  and  to  thank  the  citizens  of  Massachusetts,  and  those  of  other  States,  for 
the  exceedingly  kind  welcome  they  have  accorded  us.  It  was  the  only  welcome  we 
wanted.  The  matter  of  our  hospitalities  and  expenses  were  borne  by  friends.  Hospi 
talities,  in  the  strict  sense  of  the  term,  we  carry  out  ourselves,  but  the  spirit  evinced 
by  the  people  of  Massachusetts,  as  we  passed  along  its  streets,  could  not  be  purchased. 
It  must  have  come  from  the  heart,  from  the  good  feeling  they  bear  towards  us,  and  I 
thank  them,  and  I  know  that  you  will  thank  them  for  it. 

"  In  the  future,  when  we  have  occasion,  and  I  think  we  shall  have,  of  turning  from 
the  city  of  New  York,  we  shall  yearn  towards  Boston,  for  I  think  the  good  feeling  dis 
played  by  the  citizens  on  this  visit,  would  bring  us  back  here  the  next  season,  instead 
of  anywhere  else.  Therefore,  while  we  go  from  Boston,  I  will  say  for  the  regiment 
and  myself,  we  should  carry  back  nothing  but  the  kindest  spirit  towards  the  good  city. 
There  should  have  come  up  no  '  ism,'  there  should  have  come  up  nothing  to  say  that 
we  should  not  worship  God,  how  and  where  we  pleased.  It  was  a  mistake ;  nobody 
meant  wrong  towards  us,  and  I  was  sorry  to  see  that  the  question  was  agitated  at  all. 
I  do  not  believe  that  the  signers  of  the  paper,  said  to  have  been  sent  in  to  the  Boston 
City  Government,  requesting  that  the  Common  should  not  be  opened  to  us,  felt  any 
differently  towards  us  than  did  the  one  hundred  thousand  or  more  people  who  welcomed 
us  so  warmly.  We  will  cherish  no  bad  feelings  against  them.  I  do  not  believe 
they  cherish  any  against  us.  Again  let  me  thank  them  for  all  they  have  done  for  us. 
It  speaks  well  for  us  to  exhibit  ourselves  in  full  ranks  to-day,  after  the  hard  labors  of 
yesterday,  and  reflection  in  the  fact  that  a  leave  of  absence  was  granted  from  nine 
o'clock  last  night  until  one  o'clock  to-day.  I  am  told  that,  except  those  who  are  upon 
the  sick  list,  every  officer  and  private  is  present  here  this  afternoon,  and  I  am  proud  of 
the  NINTH.  Because  why? 


THE    NINTH    NEW    YORK.  1871 

"  Whether  under  military  rule  or  otherwise,  they  feel  a  pride  in  the  organization. 
They  take  pride  in  its  good  behavior,  take  them  where  you  may.  You  have  planted 
another  peaceful  battle  upon  your  flag.  Thanking  you  for  the  spirit,  in  which  you 
have  carried  out  your  instructions,  you  have  done  what  is  right,  and  discharged  your 
duties  with  a  degree  of  merit  to  which  you  always  aspire." 

The  men  were  conveyed  to  the  place  of  worship  in  stages,  and  were  in  full  march 
ing  order.  The  building  was  crowded,  the  regiment  occupying  the  main  body.  The 
music  by  the  band  was  very  impressive.  At  the  conclusion  of  the  services  the  regi 
ment  again  took  the  stages,  and  were  conveyed  to  the  cars,  and  soon  after  six  P.  M. 
reached  Newport,  R.  I. 

The  trip  back  to  New  York  was  very  uncomfortable  as  well  as  somewhat  perilous, 
on  account  of  a  severe  storm  on  the  Sound,  the  majority  of  the  men  becoming  sea-sick. 
The  NINTH  finally  arrived  home  shortly  after  ten  o'clock  A.  M.  on  Monday,  June 
ipth,  and  made  as  handsome  an  appearance  in  its  march  up  Broadway  as  it  did  at 
the  departure.  In  fact,  the  white  trousers  added  greatly  to  the  appearance  of  the  com 
mand,  which  arrived  safely  at  its  armory  at  about  noon  when  it  was  dismissed.  This 
trip  cost  Colonel  Fisk,  staff,  and  officers  of  the  regiment  twelve  thousand  dollars. 

After  the  return  of  the  regiment  the  following  communi 
cations  were  received  by  Colonel  F^isk  : 

ST.  JAMES'  HOTEL,  BOSTON,  June  20,  1871. 
Colonel  JAMES  FISK,  Jr. : 

DEAR  SIR  : — Permit  me  to  say  that  the  visit  of  the  NINTH  Regiment  of  New  York 
to  this  house,  on  the  I7th  and  i8th  ints.,  will  be  remembered  by  me  as  an  occasion  of 
unalloyed  pleasure  and  gratification.  The  remarkable  discipline  and  gentlemanly  be 
havior  of  the  entire  corps — officers  and  men — as  displayed  during  their  sojourn  in  the 
St.  James'  Hotel,  challenges  the  respect  and  admiration  of  us  all.  It  is  also  most 
agreeable  to  know  that  your  unrivaled  command  produced  the  same  public  impression 
upon  the  citizens  of  Boston,  whose  enthusiasm  through  your  entire  line  of  march  was  a 
rare  and  earnest  ovation.  Very  cordially  yours, 

M.  M.  BALLOU, 
Proprietor  of  St.  James'  Hotel. 

CITY    OF   CHARLESTOWN',y^//f  2\st,   1871. 

Colonel  JAS.  FISK,  JR.: 

DEAR  SIR  : — I  am  impelled  by  a  sense  of  courtesy  and  obligation  to  address  you  a 
few  words  in  a  semi-official  way.  I  say  semi-official,  because,  while  I  cannot  entirely 
divest  myself  of  official  character  in  the  communication,  the  spirit  which  prompts  me 
is  a  personal  and  friendly  one.  I  intended  fully  to  have  availed  myself  of  the  invitation 
of  Colonel  Everett,  and  to  have  met  you  at  his  board  on  Saturday,  but  it  was  a  day 
of  care  and  anxiety  to  me,  and  circumstances  conspired  to  prevent  my  doing  so. 

The  driving  storm  of  Sunday  and  my  own  health  was  a  bar  to  the  paying  of  my 
respects  to  you  on  that  day  also. 

If  the  pleasure  of  meeting  you  Saturday  had  been  mine,  I  should  have  asked 
Colonel  Everett's  permission  to  have  said  publicly  what  I  say  now — a  few  words  expres 
sive  of  thanks  for  the  splendid  parade  made  by  your  command  in  our  little  city  ;  and 
for  the  pleasure  and  general  gratification  you  gave  our  people,  I  heard  no  dissent  from 
this,  either  from  the  Government,  or  from  the  citizens. 

And  I  desire,  Colonel,  personally  or  officially,  as  you  please,  to  recognize  to  the  full- 


1871  MAYOR    KENT,    OF    CHARLESTOWN.  543 

est  extent  the  energy,  enterprise  and  public  spirit  which  brought  you  so  far,  and  at  such 
a  cost  of  time  and  fatigue,  to  say  nothing  of  personal  expense,  to  aid  us  in  our  celebra 
tion.  I  cannot  but  remember,  too,  with  great  satisfaction  my  interview  with  your  com 
mittee  ;  and  to  Major  Hitchcock  I  desire  special  remembrance.  I  recollect  with  pleas 
ure  the  spirit  in  which  he  met  me,  and  seeing  some  of  the  difficulties  under  which  we 
labored,  how  freely  he  waived  some  courtesies,  we  should  have  been  glad  to  have 
shown  you.  I  remember  and  appreciate  these  things,  and  for  all  please  receive  my 
sincere  acknowledgements. 

I  am,  very  truly,  your  obedient  servant, 

WM.  H.  KENT. 

On  the  3rd  of  July,  at  the  regular  meeting  of  the  Board  of 
Officers,  a  series  of  resolutions  were  adopted  acknowledging  the 
courtesies  paid  the  regiment  by  the  Eighth  National  Guard  ; 
which  had  acted  as  escort  to  the  NINTH,  in  the  march  from 
its  armory  to  the  boat,  at  the  time  of  their  leaving  the  city 
for  Boston  ;  the  resolutions  were  duly  engrossed  and  pre 
sented.  The  following  lines,  printed  in  the  Express,  will  be 
appreciated  by  the  survivors  of  the  trip  : 

THE  BOSTON  DIP. 

Now,  "  Shamus,"  my  boy,  say  what's  the  matter? 

You've  been  to  Boston,  so  I  hear, 
And  that  they  trayted  you  as  daycent 

As  ever  England  did  Lord  Napier. 
Well,  Jimmy,  avick,  you  did  it  slick, 

More  power  to  ye  for  the  vinture  ; 
At  Bunker  Hill  you  drank  your  fill, 

And  in  Boston  paid  your  indinture. 

I'm  tould  that  Ballou  gave  fine  ating, 

Of  roasts  and  fries  and  kidney  stews  ; 
Potaties  plinty,  bould  Finan's  dainty, 

With  butther  and  salt  from  Pat  McCue's. 
Of  coorse  the  boys  they  all  wint  wid  ye, 

And  showed  the  haythens  how  to  muster; 
I'll  bet  ould  Braine  gave  thim  a  lesson, 

And  Hitchcock  shure,  without  much  bluster. 

Yourself,  I'm  sartin,  was  not  behind-hand, 

And  niver  spluttered  once,  my  boy, 
But  marched  bouldly  forward,  like  a  soger, 

Looking  as  brave  as  a  Viceroy. 
And  Jimmy  dear  he  did  look  splindid, 

With  his  dimond  meddle  on  his  breast; 
Allien  I  mane,  of  coorse  you  knew  him. 

The  man  that  says,  "  Froont,  right  dress.  " 


544  THE    NINTH    NEW    YORK.  1871 

"  Van  Wax,"  begorra,  thin  he's  a  Trojan, 

As  ever  donned  a  Gracian  helmit ; 
I'm  tould  his  mustache  bates  the  divil 

In  lingth  and  width,  and  plinty  of  it. 
And  Blainey,  the  boy,  does  he  belong  to 

The  Erie  Guards?     Well,  now  I'm  done, 
For  at  Gettysburg  I  saw  him  drop  dead, 

As  sure  as  I'm  my  father's  son. 

And  "  Pryer  "  I'm  tould's  a  Dimicrat 

Of  pure  and  clanest  wather, 
And  if  he  wer'n't  a  married  man 

I'm  blowed  but  he'd  have  my  daughter. 
Ye've  "  Millers  "  and  "Cables  "  and  "  Wolfs,"  I'm  tould, 

And  "Slaters  "  to  do  the  roofing, 
But  the  best  of  them  all,  that's  upon  my  sowl 

Is  your  nice  lean  lo(i)n  of  "Bacon." 

And  your  music,  too,  before  I  ind, 

I  must  not  be  neglect  in', 
For  the  divil  such  music  did  I  ever  hear 

As  the  day  you  \vint  to  Boston. 
There's  Levy,  shure,  a  band  himself, 

The  world  it  couldn't  taich  him, 
Their  Arbucklesand  their  Tubercles 

Will  niver  be  able  to  raich  him. 

And  thin  ye's  had  Scott  and  Mason,  too, 

Do  ye  mind  a  purty  pair, 
For  Mason  keeps  a  crame  saloon 

And  Scott  goes  often  there. 
Powell,  too,  wid  his  whiskers  grand, 

And  glasses  of  small  diminsion, 
And  McKinney,  shure,  who  broke  in  the  dure, 

Trying  to  raich  what  I'll  not  mintion. 

The  Press  you  trayted  as  your  own, 

God  bless  you  for  that  same  ; 
May  you  niver  die,  but  hang  fast,  my  boy, 

And  let  charity  be  your  name. 
So  now  adieu,  farewell  to  you 

Until  we  meet  elsewhere, 

May  fortin  attind  you  and  friends  befriend  you, 
And  on  the  top  of  head  plenty  of  hair. 

K  EEC  AN. 


1871  CELEBRATION    OF    THE    FOURTH    OF    JULY.  545 

On  the  morning  of  the  4th,  the  Ninety-fifth  Anniversary  of 
American  Independence,  the  NINTH  assembled  at  their  armory 
at  an  early  hour,  parading  ten  companies  of  sixteen  files  each, 
marching  thence  to  the  rendezvous  of  the  First  division  on  the 
Bowery,  between  Second  and  Fifth  Streets.  At  half-past  seven 
the  various  regiments,  which  had  formed  on  the  side  streets  in 
close  column  by  companies,  right  resting  on  the  Bowery, 
wheeled  into  that  thoroughfare,  marching  down  to  Canal  Street, 
to  Broadway,  to  Fourteenth  Street,  to  Sixth  Avenue,  to 
Thirty-fourth  Street,  to  Fifth  Avenue,  to  the  reviewing  stand 
at  the  Worth  Monument.  As  the  NINTH  passed  that  point, 
marching  in  excellent  form,  they  were  greeted  with  round  after 
round  of  applause  from  the  assembled  multitude. 

Upon  the  stand  were  noticed  a  large  number  of  military, 
naval  and  civil  gentlemen  of  distinction,  among  whom  were 
Admiral  Le  F^evre  and  staff  of  the  Irrench  frigate,  Magicicnnc, 
and  Captains  Ransom  and  Flouston,  Surgeon  Peck  and 
Lieutenant-Commander  Woodward,  U.  S.  N.,  Generals 
Sheridan,  Dakin,  Jefferson  C.  Davis,  Schuyler  Hamilton, 
Fountain  of  Texas,  and  Colonel  Barr  ;  Mayor  Hall,  Judge 
Brady,  Commissioner  Manierre  and  Alderman  Twomey. 


546  THE    NINTH    NEW    YORK.  1871 


CHAPTER    XXV. 

THE  ORANGE  RIOT.     1871  (CONCLUDED). 

Orangemen  and  Ribbon  Men.  —  Anniversary  of  the  Battle  of  the  Boyne.  —  The  Gover 
nor's  Proclamation.—  The  National  Guard  Called  Out.—  The  Procession  Attacked. 
—The  Mob  Dispersed.—  The  Killed  and  Wounded  of  the  NINTH.  —  Register  of 
Commissioned  Officers.  —  Preparations  for  the  Funeral.  —  The  Ceremonies.  —  The 
Funeral  Procession.  —  Officers  Visit  Bennington,  Vt.,  and  Saratoga.  —  Reception 
to  the  Grand  Duke  Alexis. 


^HE  Orange  riot  of  1871  was  the  result  of  an  agitation  and 
incipient  disturbance  of  the  previous  year.  On  July  i2th, 
1870,  the  societies  of  Orangemen,  composed  of  North  of  Ire 
land  Protestants,  accompanied  by  their  friends,  and  Robertson's 
Seventy-ninth  regiment  (Highlanders)  band,  were  enjoying  a 
picnic  at  Lyon  Park.  The  band,  in  obedience  to  the  wishes  of 
those  who  employed  them,  played  certain  tunes,  among  which 
were  some  that  were  particularly  distasteful  to  the  Ribbon- 
men,  who  are  all  Catholics,  and  mainly  from  the  South  of  Ire 
land.  A  few  of  this  latter  class  were  then  engaged  upon  some 
public  works  near  the  park,  and  within  sound  of  the  obnoxious 
music.  The  Orange  societies  had  passed  these  men  early  in 
the  day,  while  marching  to  the  park,  and  the  laborers  had  no 
ticed  the  regalia  and  banners  of  their  "  inveterate  foes."  By 
the  time  the  music  reached  their  ears,  later  in  the  clay,  the 
passions  of  the  Ribbon-men  had  been  aroused,  and,  forgetting 
that  they  were  in  a  free  country,  made  an  assault  upon  the 
picnic  party,  the  result  of  which  was  the  wounding  of  a  number 
on  both  sides.  Threats  were  also  made  Inat  in  future  no 
Orangemen  would  be  allowed  to  parade  the  streets  of  New 
York  city.  The  newspapers  took  up  the  discussion  of  the 
matter  —  pro  and  con  ;  the  opposing  organizations  were  wrought 
up  to  ahigh  pitch  of  excitement.  When  the  i2th  of  July,  1871, 
rolled  around,  the  rivals  were  at  swords'  point  and  ready  for 
an  outbreak. 


1871  THE    ORANGE    RIOT.  547 

During  the  month  of  June  and  early  July,  the  newspapers 
published  the  determination  of  the  Orangemen  to  parade  on 
the  anniversary  of  the  Battle  of  Boyne,  peaceably  if  they  could, 
by  force  if  necessary.  The  whole  city  was  in  a  turmoil  of  ex- 
cirement.  On  the  i  ith  the  following  proclamation  was  issued  : 

I  hereby  give  notice  that  any  and  all  bodies  of  men  desiring  to  assemble  and  march 
in  peaceable  procession  in  this  city  to-morrow — the  I2th  instant — will  be  permitted  to 
do  so.  They  will  be  protected,  to  the  fullest  extent  possible,  by  the  military  and  police 
authorities.  A  military  and  police  escort  will  be  furnished  to  any  body  of  men  desiring 
it,  on  application  to  me  at  my  headquarters  (which  will  be  at  Police  Headquarters  in 
this  city)  at  any  time  during  the  day.  1  warn  all  persons  to  abstain  from  interferenfe 
with  any  such  assemblage  or  procession,  except  by  authority  from  me;  and  I  give 
notice,  that  all  the  powers  at  my  command,  civil  and  military,  will  be  used  to  preserve 
the  public  peace,  and  to  put  down,  at  all  hazards,  every  attempt  at  disturbance  ;  and 
I  call  upon  all  citizens,  of  every  race  and  religion,  to  unite  with  me  and  the  local 
authorities  in  this  determination  to  preserve  the  peace  and  honor  of  the  city  and  State. 

Dated  at  New  York,  this  eleventh  day  of  July  A.  D.  1871. 

By  the  Governor,  JOHN  T.  HOFFMAN. 

JOHN  I).  VAN  BURKN, 

Private  Secretary. 

It  was  notorious  that  the  Ribbon-men  proposed  to  interfere 
in  the  parade  of  the  Orange  societies.  The  former  had  been 
drilling  for  months  previous — their  meetings  for  that  purpose, 
coupled  with  calls  for  recuits,  having  been  freely  advertised  in 
the  papers.  In  accordance  with  the  Governor's  proclamation 
an  escort  was  applied  for,  and  General  Shaler  was  ordered  to  fur 
nish  the  troops.  The  same  day  he  issued  the  following : 

SPECIAL  ORDERS 

No.  16. 

* 

II.  In  obedience  to  a  requisition  from  the  Civil  Authorities,  the  following  organiza 
tions  are  hereby  ordered  to  assemble  at  their  respective  armories,  in  fatigue  dress, 
fully  armed  and  equipped  for  active  service,  on  Wednesday,  July  I2th,  at  seven  o'clock 
A.  M. 

First,  Sixth,  Seventh,  Eighth,  NINTH,  Eleventh,  Twelfth,  Twenty-second,  Sixty- 
ninth,  Seventy-first  and  Eighty-fourth  regiments,  infantry;  Washington  Gray  Troop 
Cavalry  and  Batteries  C  and  G. 

The  infantry  will  be  supplied  with  forty  rounds  of  ammunition,  and  the  artillery 
with  twenty  rounds  per  gun.  By  order  of 

MAJOR-GENKRAL  ALEXANDER  SHALER. 
WILLIAM  H.  CHESEBROUGH, 

Col,  A.  A.'G.  and  Chief  of  Staff. 


548  THE    NINTH    NEW    YORK.  1871 

Agreeable  to  the  order  oqven  the  several  commands   assem- 

o  c> 

bled  and  remained  at  their  armories  until  near  noon.  Mean 
while  rumor  was  busy — -the  word  passed  from  mouth  to  mouth 
that  mobs  were  gathering  all  over  the  city,  and  that  a  deluge  of 
blood  was  imminent.  In  reality  about  three  thousand  men,  in 
six  different  bodies,  had  assembled,  determined  to  fight  the 
issue,  which  was  that  day  decided,  it  is  to  be  hoped,  forever. 
At  two  o'clock  P.  M.  the  Orange  societies  assembled  at  their 
rooms  on  Twenty-ninth  Street,  near  Eighth  Avenue,  to  which 
point  the  military  had  repaired.  The  societies,  under  the  mar- 
shalship  of  Mr.  John  Johnston,  were  formed  on  Eighth  Avenue, 
the  Seventh  regiment  in  column  of  companies  at  the  head,  the 
Twenty-second  and  Eighty-fourth  in  column  of  fours  on  each 
flank,  while  the  Sixth  and  NINTH  were  in  column  by  companies 
in  the  rear.  Brigadier-General  Joshua  M.  Varian  was  in  com 
mand,  Lieutenant-Colonel  William  Seward,  Jr.,  as  Chief  of  Staff. 
At  the  word  of  command  the  whole  column  moved  forward 
down  Eighth  Avenue,  but  before  five  minutes  elapsed  it  was 
evident  that  a  collision  would  occur.  The  procession  was  sur 
rounded  by  a  dense  throng  of  excited  people,  and  the  threats 
that  had  been  made  soon  resolved  themselves  into  action. 
Stones,  bricks  and  other  dangerous  missiles  were  hurled  at  the 
men  in  the  ranks,  and  occasional  pistol-shots  added  to  the 
excitement.  As  the  march  progressed  the  trouble  increased. 
The  climax  was  reached  as  the  center  of  the  column — at  three 
o'clock — touched  Twenty-fourth  Street.  At  that  point  a  perfect 
hail  of  all  species  of  missiles  fell  upon  the  Orangemen  and  their 
escort;  guns  and  pistols  were  also  discharged  at  the  marching 
men,  resulting  in  the  killing  outright  of  two  members  of  the 
NINTH  and  the  wounding  of  six  more.  Two  of  the  Sixth  regi- 

£>  o 

ment,  three  of  the  Seventh,  and  three  of  the  Eighty-fourth  were* 
also  wounded. 

It  was  now,  in  self  defence,  that  the  military  fired.  One 
volley  was  sufficient  to  produce  the  desired  effect. 

Before  the  smoke  had  cleared  away,  Eighth  Avenue,  between 
Twenty-third  and  Twenty-sixth  Streets — the  space  covered  by 
the  procession — was  clear  of  all  rioters,  save  those  dead  or 


1 87 1  THE    PROCESSION    ATTACKED.  549 

severely  wounded.  The  point  blank  volley  had  killed  some 
twenty-five  and  wounded  about  a  hundred  more,  many  of  the 
latter  being  carried  off  and  concealed  by  their  friends. 

During  the  attack  the  column  had  halted,  and  the  ranks 
were  somewhat  broken,  but  the  men  were  soon  in  their  places 
again  ;  after  carefully  attending  to  the  dead  and  wounded,  the 
procession  again  moved  forward,  the  left  wing  of  the  NINTH 
being  sent  to  take  the  place  of  the  Eighty-fourth,  until  then 
on  the  left  flank  of  the  Orangemen.  The  line  wheeled  into 
Twenty-third  Street,  marched  through  to  Fifth  Avenue,  to  Four 
teenth  Street,  thence  to  Fourth  Avenue  at  Union  Square.  It 
was  here  that  the  main  attack  had  been  expected,  but  the 
terrible  experience  on  Eighth  Avenue  had  overawed  the  mob 
and  all  was  quiet,  so  far  as  any  overt  act  was  concerned.  The 
march  was  continued  unmolested  to  the  Cooper  Union  build 
ing,  which  was  at  once  surrounded  by  the  troops  ;  the  Orange 
men  passing  inside,  where  they  doffed  their  regalia  and  then 
made  their  exit,  singly,  towards  their  homes.  At  half-past  five 
the  military  were  ordered  back  to  their  armories,  where  they 
remained  on  duty  until  the  following  day  at  noon,  when  all 
outward  excitement  having  been  allayed,  they  were  dismissed. 
During  the  night  some  little  excitement  had  been  occasioned 
by  a  ruffian,  who  occupied  a  room  in  a  house  on  Twenty-seventh 
Street,  in  rear  of  the  armory  of  the  NINTH,  and  who  fired 
several  shots  into  the  building,  without,  however,  doing  any 
harm. 

The   following    report  was    made    by    Lieutenant-Colonel 

Braine  : 

NINTH  REGIMENT,  N.  G.  S.  N.  Y., 

New  York,  July  13,  1871. 

This  command  assembled  at  the  armory  in  compliance  with  Special  Order,  No.  16, 
First  Divison  .leadquarters,  at  7  A.  M.,  July  12,  1871,  and  at  1.30  P.  M.  received 
orders  to  report  to  Brig.-Gen.  J.  M.  Varian,  at  Eighth  Avenue  and  Twenty-ninth 
Street.  The  regiment  formed  part  of  the  escort  to  the  Orange  Lodge,  and  were  fired 
upon  by  the  mob  assembled  between  Twenty-seventh  and  Twenty-fourth  Streets,  in 
Eighth  Avenue.  The  fire  was  returned  by  two  companies,  F  and  K,  and  some  few 
men  of  the  other  companies.  The  following  is  a  list  of  the  casualties  as  far  as  known  : 

KILLED. 

Sergeant  Samuel  Wyatt,  Company  F. 
Private  H.  C.  Page,  Company  K. 


THE    NINTH    NEW    YORK.  1871 

WOUNDED. 

Colonel  James  Fisk,  Jr.,  ankle,  by  a  spent  ball,  slight ;  Captain  B.  W.  Spencer, 
back,  by  a  brick,  Co.  K  ;  Sergeant  Thomas  S.  Byres,  kicked  by  mob,  Co.  B ;  Privates, 
Walter  R.  Pryor  and  McGowan,  legs,  Co.  A  ;  Private  1).  Burns,  stabbed  in  back,  Co. 
E. 

Two  others  are  reported  wounded,  but  nothing  definite  is  yet  known.  The  com 
mand  returned  to  the  armory  about  6.30  P.  M.,  and  remained  on  duty  until  9  o'clock 
A.  M.  this  day. 

CHARLES  R.  BRAINE, 
Lteiitenant-Colonel  Commanding  NINTH  Regiment,  N.  G.  S.  N.  Y. 

Sergeant  Wyatt  was  a  jeweller  by  occupation  and  had  been 
a  member  of  his  company  for  over  ten  years.  He  went  to  the 
front  with  the  regiment  in  1861,  and  at  his  death — by  a  pistol 
shot — was  thirty  years  of  age.  Henry  C.  Page  was  the  busi 
ness  agent  of  the  Grand  Opera  House,  was  well  known  in 
theatrical  circles  and  was  about  forty-three  years  of  age.  His 
death  was  caused  by  a  brick,  thrown  by  one  of  the  mob,  and 
which  crushed  his  head  in  such  a  manner  as  to  render  his 
features  almost  unrecognizable. 

There  were  thirty-three  commissioned  officers  and  four 
hundred  and  forty-one  enlisted  men  present  with  the  regiment. 
The  commissioned  officers,  with  date  of  rank,  are  here  given  : 

Colonel  James  Fisk,  Jr.,         .         .         .  April  7th,  1870. 

Lieutenant-Colonel  Charles  R.  Braine,  Nov.  loth,  1865. 

Major  James  R.  Hitchcock,  .         .         .  March  29th,  1870. 

Adjutant  Adgar  S.  Allien,    .          .          .  August  1 7th,  1868. 

Quartermaster  Jordan  S.  Bailey,  .         .  May  i  7th,  1867. 

Surgeon  George  Thompson,          .          .  April  7th,  1870. 

Commissary  Henry  Harley,  .          .  July  i7th,  1870. 

Chaplain  Edward  O.  Flagg,  .          .  June  26th,  1871. 

Captain  Henry  Miller,  Co.  A,        .          .  October  3ist,  1869. 
First  Lieutenant  M.  P.  L.  Montgomery, 

Company  A,  ....  October  3ist,  1869. 

Captain  Robert  B.  Martin,  Co.  B,          .  April  2ist,  1870. 
Second  Lieutenant  William  J.  Kirkland, 

Company  B,  ....  October  2ist,  1870. 

Captain  Gustavus  A.  Fuller,  Co.  C,      .  April  igth,  1870. 


1871  REGISTER    JULY    TWELFTH. 


551 


Second  Lieutenant  John  C.  C.  Tallman, 

Company  C, September  29th,  1870. 

Captain  Robert  B.  Courtney,  Co.  D,     .   October  25th,  1869. 
First  Lieutenant  Edward  S.    Bowlend, 

Company  D, December  27th,  1870. 

Second  Lieutenant  Frederick  F.  Valen 
tine,  Company  D,  ...   December  27th,  1870. 
Captain  Robert   B.  Cable,  Co.  K,  .   February  i7th,  1871. 
First  Lieutenant  Edward  J.  Lewis, Co.  E,    May  2oth,  1870. 
Second   Lieutenant  George  \V.  Palfrey, 

Company  E,  .          .          .          .          .    May  2nd,  1871. 
Captain  William  E    Van  Wyck,  Co.  F,   March  26th,  1867. 
Second    Lieutenant  William   H.    King, 

Company  F,  .          .          .          .          .   April  igth,  1870. 
Captain  John  T.  Pryer,  Co.  G,      .          .   March  28th,  1867. 
Second  Lieutenant  David  Wolff,  Co.  G,   April  i6th,  1869. 
Captain  Dow  S.  Kittle,  Co.  H,     .         .   October  7th,  1870. 
First  Lieutenant  John  T.  Smith,  Co.  H,   April  i3th,  1869. 
Second  Lieutenant  James  Slater,  Co.  H,  June  24th,  1870. 
Captain  Arthur  Blaney,  Co.  I,       .          .   April  8th,  1868. 
First    Lieutenant    George   A.    Hussey, 

Co.  I,     ......    March  ist,  1871. 

Second   Lieutenant  James  J.  DeBarry, 

Company  I,    .          .          .          .          .   December  7th,  1870. 
Captain  Bird  W.  Spencer,  Co.  K,          .   April  igth,  1870. 
First  Lieutenant  Alonzo  P.  Bacon,  Co. 

K, March  27th,  1871. 

Second  Lieutenant  James  A.  Mulligan, 

Company  K,  ....   March  27th,  1871. 

The  killing  and  wounding  of  so  many  people  on  that  memo 
rable  day — a  day  until  then  having  no  special  significance  to 
the  average  American — was  the  cause  of  an  animated  and 
angry  discussion  by  several  newspapers  ;  some  of  which 
blamed  the  military  for  firing  on  the  people,  claiming  that  the 
provocation  received  was  not  sufficient  to  warrant  such  whole 
sale  slaughter.  Perhaps  the  critics  expected  the  troops  to 


552  THE    NINTH    NEW    YORK.  1871 

wait  until  a  few  more  of  their  number  had  been  shot  down  be 
fore  defending  themselves  !  And  even  then  have  fired  only 
with  blank  cartridges!  The  matter  was  fully  investigated  by 
the  proper  authorities  and  the  National  Guard  exonerated 
from  all  blame.  It  is  true — as  is  always  the  case  in  such  un 
fortunate  occurrences — that  many  were  injured  who  were  mere 
ly  lookers-on,  and  who  took  no  part  in  the  violation  of  law  and 
order.  One  of  these,  a  resident  of  Brooklyn,  while  lying  in 
the  hospital,  said  that  just  before  leaving  his  home  that  morn 
ing,  he  handed  his  landlady  the  amount  of  his  week's  board 
bill,  playfully  remarking  that  he  intended  going  over  to  New 
York  to  see  the  fun,  and  might  get  killed.  The  man  died  from 
the  effects  of  his  wounds. 

On  the  1 4th  Colonel  Fisk,  who  had  repaired  to  Long 
Branch  to  rest  and  recuperate  from  the  injuries  received  on  the 
I2th,  telegraphed  the  Lieutenant-Colonel  as  follows  : 

Lieut.-Col.  CHAS.  R.  BRAINE, 

Grand  Opera  House : 

Have  received  dispatch  as  to  disposition  of  the  remains  of  Sergeant  Wyatt  and 
Private  Page.  The  funeral  at  2  o'clock  on  Sunday  next  is  what  I  desire.  You  will 
issue  the  necessary  orders  to  the  regiment  and  band  at  once.  Also,  if  the  matter  in 
Mr.  Wash.  E.  Connor's  dispatch,  about  buying  ground  in  Woodlawn,  meets  your 
views,  and  if  the  relatives  of  our  gallant  dead  desire  them  to  be  buried  there,  have 
Mr.  Connor  make  the  necessary  purchase  and  arrangements. 

I  want  everything  done  that  is  right  and  appropriate,  that  was  ever  done  for  any 
heroes,  and  I  do  not  desire  the  question  of  expense  to  enter  into  our  arrangements. 

JAMES  FISK,  JR., 

Colonel. 

In  response  to  the  generous  and  true-hearted  commander's 
desires,  the  following  order  was  issued  : 

HEADQUARTERS  NINTH  REGIMENT,  THIRD  BRIGADE, 

FIRST  DIVISION,  N  G.  S.  N.  Y., 

New  York,  July  \^th,  1871. 
GENERAL  ORDERS,  ) 
No.  8.  \ 

The  officers  and  members  of  this  command  will  assemble  in  full  dress  uniform, 
white  trousers,  gloves  and  belts,  on  Sunday  next,  July  i6th,  for  the  purpose  of  paying 
the  last  tribute  of  respect  to  our  late  comrades,  Sergeant  Wyatt  and  Private  Page. 

Roll-call  of  companies  at  the  armory,  at  one  o'clock  P.  M.  Non-commissioned 
staff,  band  and  field  music  will  report  to  the  Adjutant  at  the  same  time  and  place. 
Field  and  staff  (dismounted)  will  report  to  the  Colonel  at  one-fifteen  o'clock  P.  M. 


1871  FUNERAL    OF    WYATT    AND    PAGE.  553 

The  members  of  Companies  F  and  K  will  wear  the  usual  badge  of  mourning  for 
thirty  days.  Officers  of  the  regiment  will  wear  the  badge  of  mourning  on  the  day  of 
the  funeral. 

By  order  of 

COLONEL  JAMES  FISK,  JR. 
EDGAR  S.  ALLIEN, 

Adjutant, 

The  following  account  of  the  funeral  services  is  from  the 
Army  and  Navy  Journal  : 

FUNERAL  OF  WYATT  AND  PAGE. 

Never  did  New  York  offer  a  more  spontaneous — a  more  universal — ovation  to 
departed  heroism.  From  all  parts  of  the  city  crowds  assembled,  long  before  the  hour 
of  the  funeral,  to  do  honor  to  the  noble  dead,  and  at  Calvary  P.  E.  Church,  corner 
Fourth  Avenue  and  Twenty-first  Street,  the  highways  were  for  hours  impassable, 
owing  to  the  pressure  of  the  populace. 

The  remains  of  Sergeant  Wyatt  were  taken  from  his  late  residence,  No.  101 
MacDougal  Street,  while  those  of  Private  Page  were  removed  from  Mr.  Stephen 
Merritt's.undertaker,  on  Eighth  Avenue,  to  the  Calvary  Church,  starting  at  about  i  .30  P. 
M.  The  troops  parading  assembled  at  their  armories,  and  a  little  after  one  o'clock 
proceeded  to  the  NINTH  regiment  armory,  where  the  military  pageant  was  formed. 
This  consisted  of  detachments  of  the  First,  Twelfth  and  Seventy-first,  the  NINTH 
parading  in  a  body,  all  in  full  dress  uniform.  The  troops,  as  they  proceeded  to  the 
church,  made  a  magnificent  display,  the  NINTH  and  Seventy-first,  in  white  trousers 
and  cross  belts,  attracting  marked  attention  and  receiving  many  compliments.  On 
reaching  the  church,  the  NINTH  (with  arms  at  a  carry — loaded) — and  the  detach 
ments  filed  therein. 

The  church  was  crowded,  and  the  sight  of  the  numerous  and  brilliant  uniforms  of 
the  military,  and  the  death-like  silence  of  all  the  surroundings,  was  very  affecting. 
When  all  had  finally  entered  and  become  seated,  the  beautiful  and  impressive  service 
of  the  Episcopal  Church  was  read  by  the  Chaplain,  Rev.  E.  O.  Flagg,  D.  D. ;  assisted  by 
the  Rev.  Wm.  Walker,  Rector  of  the  church,  and  Arthur  Lawrence.  The  Rev.  Chap 
lain  Flagg  ascended  the  pulpit  and  said  :  Before  commencing  my  discourse,  I  will  read 
a  brief  note  from  the  Colonel  of  the  NINTH: 

"  Will  you  say  to  our  soldiers  to-morrow,  for  me,  that  I  am  not  able  to  pay  the  last 
tribute  to  the  noble  men  who  so  willingly  did  their  duty  for  law  and  order,  and  gave 
up  for  that  cause,  all  a  soldier  has  to  give — his  life.  God  bless  our  regiment ;  and,  be 
lieving  that  at  this  time  of  our  great  bereavement — the  All-powerful — to  whom  we  so 
truly  now  pay  homage,  has  done  that  which  is  righteous  and  just,  though  painful  for 
us,  I  willingly  bow  my  head  and  heart  in  thanksgiving  and  prayer,  and  we  must  abide 
the  verdict,  which  has  been  rendered  by  Him." 

"JAMES  FISK,  JR." 

The  funeral  address  by  the  Chaplain  of  the  regiment  was 
very  appropriate,  and  from  which  the  following  extracts  are 
taken  : 


554  TIIE    NINTH    NEW    YORK.  1871 

"  The  Lord's  voice  crteth  unto  the  city." — MlCAH  vi :  9. 

'  Loudly  does  it  speak  in  this  instance.  It  is  charged  with  the  momentousness 
of  a  thousand  thunderbolts.  It  lias  almost  the  supernal  energy  of  the  voice  heard  in 
Eden  in  the  cool  of  the  day,  when  the  pair  sought  to  hide  themselves  from  its  awful 
portents.  How  mysterious  and  monitory  the  death-story  inscribed  in  these  insignias  of 
woe.  Two  citizen-soldiers  enshrouded  and  coffined.  What  volumes  do  they  offer 
(o  our  perusal?  Ordinarily  would  such  a  sight  seem  fraught  with  solemnity  and 
sadness — under  existing  circumstances  the  suggestiveness  of  the  scene  can  hardly  be 
estimated.  You  are  all  familiar  with  the  events  of  the  past  few  days,  in  which  these 
two  persons  so  conspicuously  figured.  Description  can  lend  but  little  interest  in 
the  intense,  vital  earnestness  of  the  facts  themselves.  They  are  a  part  of  the  stirring 
record  of  history.  *  *  * 

"  Freedom  to  worship  God  "  was  lisped  in  the  nursery,  chanted  in  a  mother's  lulla 
by,  echoing  to  the  unbound  wave  that  uttered  its  monotone  on  the  wild  New  England 
coast.  The  whizzing  ball  of  the  Revolution  baptized  the  dear-bought  truth  i:\  the 
blood  of  many  a  foeman.  Surrender  this  our  heritage,  and  we  surrender  everything 
that  is  near  and  dear  to  the  American  heart.  *  *  * 

"If  the  Declaration  of  American  Independence  is  to  be  read  by  all,  should  that  be 
withheld  which  afforded  us  such  declaration  ?  All  the  .emancipation  for  the  body  is 
nothing  without  Christian  emancipation — that  of  the  spirit ;  and  coward  indeed  is  he, 
and  un-American,  who  will  allow  the  jewel  of  his  being,  the  conscience,  to  be  fettered, 
the  healthful  Word  of  God  to  be  crippled  in  any  of  its  influences.  When  freedom  to 
worship  God  and  liberty  of  conscience  are  taken  away,  we  shall  have  no  liberty  what 
ever  left,  and  we  might  as  well  at  once  cringe  to  the  despots  of  Europe.  *  *  * 

"  Ye  relatives  and  immediute  friends  of  the  departed — with  deep  sorrow  a  joy  mingles 
in  your  respective  cases — you  have  lost  dear  ones,  but  O  !  they  have  earned  a  name, 
which  will  always  live  in  the  annals  of  true  greatness.  Upon  you  and  your  descend 
ants  are  reflected  the  glories  of  genuine  patriotism,  imperishable  renown.  You  are 
related  to  martyrs  to  religious  and  civil  liberty.  Side  by  side  in  the  graveyard  will  they 
sleep,  and  their  turf  will  be  perennially  green  in  precious  memories,  and  gently  will 
the  air  of  liberty  play  around  their  not-to-be-forgotten  resting  places.  Awakened  by 
the  last  trumpet-call,  they  shall  be  summoned  to  the  peaceful  barracks,  dwelling 
eternally  with  the  Captain  of  their  salvation. 

'Gentlemen  of  the  NINTH,  you  have  won  goodly  laurels.  Not  to  detract  from  the 
meritoriousness  of  the  other  Corps,  Military  and  Police,  who  have  acquitted  themselves 
with  such  honor,  you  have  achieved  a  fame  which  envy  or  detraction  may  not  take 
away.  '  Officers  and  men  have  placed  themselves  in  the  foremost  ranks  of  citizen 
soldiery.  From  your  generous  and  gallant  commander  downward,  you  have  shown 
most  commendable  bravery.  Seek  to  be  soldiers  of  Christ,  true  to  God,  true  to  liberty 
and  true  to  your  country.  *  *  * 

"  Friends  of  foreign  birth,  either  Protestant  or  Roman  Catholics,  gladly  do  we 
welcome  you,  infused  with  the  spirit  of  your  adopted  country.  You  will  be  protected 
in  every  personal  right,  civil  or  religious.  Everything  we  claim  of  you,  will  we  concede 
toyou,'.but  no  more.  We  are  most  tenacious  of  our  dear-bought  liberties,  and  shall 
defend  them  to  the  last  drop  of  our  blood.  But  we  trust  to  be  friends,  and  that  we 
may  both  be  found  working  in  the  common  cause  of  freedom  in  church  or  in  State. 
May  the  events  of  the  past  few  days  be  wasted  on  none  of  us,  but  may  we  increase  in 
wisdom  and  in  national  unity  until  this  goodly  Republic  will  have  fulfilled  the  promise 
of  the  last  eventful  century,  Amen." 


FUNERAL    PARADE.  555 

At  the  conclusion  of  the  services,  the  storm  that  had  threatened  so  long  came  on 
with  unusual  fury.  The  troops  at  this  time  had  all  filed  from  the  church,  and  were  get 
ting  into  position  ;  but  when  the  rain  came  down,  there  was  a  general  scampering  of  the 
main  portion  of  the  populace  and  a  portion  of  the  troops,  the  NINTH  taking  the  brunt 
of  the  storm  like  soldiers,  and  in  the  same  soldierly  manner  as  they  took  the  lead 
storm  on  Wednesday,  July  twelfth.  The  storm  was  very  severe,  a  terrific  rain  and 
hail  falling,  accompanied  by  a  most  severe  high  wind,  uprooting  trees,  and  filling  ihe 
streets  with  large  broken  branches.  After  the  storm  had  abated,  the  troops  were  re 
formed,  and  the  solemn  pageant  took  up  the  march  to  the  Harlem  Railroad  Depot,  at 
Forty-second  Street,  in  the  following  order : 

Inspector  Walling  and  six  hundred  policemen. 

Veterans  of  the  NINTH,  Major  Charles  S.  Strong  Commanding,  in  two  platoons. 
NINTH  regiment,  Lieutenant  Colonel  Charles  R.  Braine  Commanding,  ten  companies 

of  eighteen  files. 

Brigadier-General  Varian  and  staff. 
Officers  of  the  Eighth,  Thirteenth,  Fifty-fifth  regiments,  and  other  officers  of  the  First 

and  Second  divisions. 
Seventy-first  regiment,  Mayor  Eugene  S.  Eunson,  four  companies  of  twenty  files. 

First  regiment,  Mayor  John  H.  Perley,  two  companies  of  ten  files. 
Twelfth   regiment.    Colonel  John  Ward,  Jr.,   six  companies  of  fourteen    files. 

Platoon  of  Police. 

The  solemn  column,  in  common  time,  took  its  course  up  Fourth  Avenue  through 
Twenty-fourth  Street,  and  Madison  Avenue,  to  the  railroad  depot,  where  .-ill  the 
military,  with  the  exception  of  the  NINTH,  were  dismissed,  and  returned  to  their 
respective  armories. 

The  NINTH  then  took  the  cars  for  Woodlawn,  where  they  were  received  by  four 
companies  of  the  Third  Regiment,  Colonel  Fay. 

The  ride  to  Woodlawn  was  full  of  excitement  and  discomfort.  Every  man  was 
drenched  to  the  skin,  and  the  cool,  sharp  breeze  through  the  windows  struck  with  an 
icy  and  dangerous  effect. 

The  procession  wended  its  way  through  the  cemetery,  the  band  playing  the  dead 
march  in  "  Saul."  The  regimental  plot  was  at  length  reached.  *  *  * 

The  regiment  then  formed  in  a  hollow  square  around  the  graves,  muskets  at  "  Rest 
on  Arms,"  when  Chaplain  Flagg  offered  a  short  prayer  ;  after  which  three  volleys  were 
fired  over  the  graves,  and  the  mournful  procession  returned  to  the  cars  and  came  back 
to  the  city.  The  regiment  was  preceded  by  a  heavy  platoon  of  police  on  its  return 
to  the  armory,  and  was  loudly  applauded  as  it  turned  into  its  headquarters.  *  *  * 

The  mournful  duty  did  not  end  with  the  burial  on  the  i6th, 
for  on  the  following  day,  Walter  R.  Pryor,  who  had  lingered 
in  great  agony,  died,  and  his  funeral  occurred  on  the  2oth. 
The  regiment  assembled  at  the  armory  and  proceeded  to  the 
Calvary  P.  E.  Church  in  order  to  pay  the  last  tribute  of 
respect  to  this  comrade.  The  NINTH,  on  this  occasion,  was 
escorted  by  Company  B,  Captain  Alonzo  Dutch,  of  the  Seven- 


THE    NINTH    NEW    YORK.  1871 

ty-ninth  Highlanders,  and  a  delegation  from  the  Twenty-sec 
ond  regiment.  After  a  touching  and  appropriate  address  by 
the  Chaplain,  the  members  filed  past  the  remains,  which  were 
then  conveyed,  under  the  escort  of  the  regiment  and  the  Sev 
enty-ninth,  to  Woodlawn,  and  interred  with  full  military  honors 
in  the  regimental  plot. 

Walter  R.  Pryor  was  in  the  full  bud  of  early  manhood, 
about  twenty-four  years  of  age,  and  the  son  of  Mr.  and  Mrs. 
J.  J.  Pryor,  well-known  members  of  the  theatrical  profession  ; 
he  was  a  photographer  by  occupation. 

The  Board  of  Officers,  having  been  invited  by  the  citizens 
of  Bennington,  Vt,  to  visit  that  city  on  August  the  i6th  and 
assist  in  the  anniversary  exercises  of  the  revolutionary  battle 
fought  there,  left  New  York  on  the  evening  of  the  i5th,  ac 
companied  by  a  band  of  twenty  pieces.  The  route  was  by  way 
of  the  Albany  and  Troy  boat,  and  on  arrival  at  the  latter  place, 
on  the  morning  of  the  i6th,  the  party  was  met  by  Coloriel 
Steenburg  and  staff,  who,  amid  a  salvo  of  artillery,  escorted 
them  to  the  special  train  in  waiting,  by  which  they  were  con 
veyed  to  Bennington.  That  historic  town  was  reached  at  noon, 
where  the  Twenty-fourth  regiment  met  and  escorted  their  guests 
to  the  place  of  meetirg.  The  town  was  handsomely  decorated,  a 
large  banner  in  front  of  the  Yates  House  bearing  the  inscrip 
tion  :  "  Welcome  New  York  NINTH."  The  literary  exercises 
were  held  in  Morgan's  Grove,  and  consisted  of  an  opening 
prayer,  followed  by  an  introductory  address  by  the  president  of 
the  day,  after  which  the  principal  address  was  delivered  by 
Mr.  Herbert.  At  the  conclusion  of  the  address,  and  upon 
repeated  calls  from  the  large  audience,  Colonel  Fisk  made  a 
short  and  humorous  speech.-  The  representatives  of  the 
NINTH  were  then  taken  in  charge  by  the  citizens,  who  took 
them  to  their  homes  and  royally  entertained  them  during  the 
evening. 

On  the  morning  of  the  iyth  a  special  train  conveyed  the 
party  to  Troy  and  from  there  to  Saratoga,  which  was  reached 
at  noon.  The  Grand  Union  Hotel  was  made  headquarters, 
and  a  most  enjoyable  time  was  spent  in  visiting  the  Springs 


1871  OFFICERS    VISIT    BENNINGTON,    VT.  557 

and  various  other  points  of  interest — including  the  races. 
The  band  added  much  to  the  pleasure  of  the  trip,  and  while  at 
the  famous  spa  discoursed  sweet  music  to  large  and  apprecia 
tive  audiences.  At  six  o'clock  P.  M.  of  the  i8th  the  party  left 
for  Albany,  where  they  boarded  the  night  boat  Connecticut,  and 
reached  the  metropolis  early  the  next  morning.  The  excursion 
ists  were  somewhat  tired  and  "broke  up  "  —perhaps — but  were 
all  conscious  of  having  had  a  "glorious  good  time." 

'  BEN  NIN(TH)GTON." 

Shamus,  nabokalish,  I  thought  ye  were  done 
Running  round  the  whole  coon  try  enjoying 
The  fruits  oiyc'r  labors,  (/.  e.)  the  tin  olye'r  neighbors; 
Bad  cess  ioye'r  pocket  that's  burning. 
Yeve  hardly  got  back  from  that  great  "  Boston  Dipper" 
And  left  oft  ye' r  straps  andjvV  trappings  so  grand, 
Before  ye  begin,  ivid  loud  noise  and  din, 
To  lay  iioidd  of  Var  mount,  the  Green  Mountain  land. 

I'll  houldyo.  a  pound,  and  I  know  the  bet's  sound, 
That  the  welkin  ne'er  rang  with  such  laughter, 
With  bould  Fuller  there  to  sit  in  the  chair 
And  yell  out,  "  Fritz,  hand  round  more  lager." 
At  shouldering  arms,  shure  he  caused  great  alarms, 
Whin ycrsclf  so  convayniently  toiild  him 
"  Such  antics  as  those,  and  right  under  my  nose, 
I'll  be  blowed  if  I'll  i-vir  be  standing." 

But  judge  me  surprise  whin,  on  last  Monday  morning, 
As  meself  I  was  dressing,  as  fast  as  I  could,  shure, 
Little  dhraming  or  thinking  of  the  honor  in  waiting, 

Whin  a  gray-coated  postman  gave  a  rap  at  the  dhure. 

Thin,  ray  sing  the  windy,  I  axed  him  quitefrindfy 

Wild  he  plazc  be  so  kind  as  to  tell  me  the  rayson 

For  why  and  for  what  was  all  this  about ; 

Says  he.  '  Gineral,  pardon,  I've  Jem  s  invitashutt." 

"  Hurrooh,"  thin  says  I,  "  I  knew  it,  my  boy, 

Now  come  in  and  we'll  have  an  eye-opener : 

But  first,  fore  we  dhrink"  said  I,  ivid  a  wink, 
"  How  goes  it  \\\\.\\Jcmmie's  poor  '  ankler  ?' 
"  Troth,  indade  thin,"  said  he,  "  acushla  macree, 

But  poorly — I'm  sorry  to  mint  ion: 

For  on  my  sow/,  as  I  live,  I  firmly  bjelave 

To  kill  him  was  the  mob's  rale  intintion." 


THE    NINTH    NEW    YORK.  1871 

Thin,  grabbing  my  bag,  and  saddling  my  nag, 

I  started  to  raich  the  big  stay»ier 

That  run  up  and  down  \\\&foine  strame  of  renown, 

¥>y  gemographers  called  Hudson  River. 

All  aboard"  shouts  the  Captain,  "  Amtn"  says  the  Chaplin, 

As  the  sailors  lay  Jiould  of  the  hawser, 

With  a  hael-e-ymv  hoo  now  for  Ballynamoo, 

And  the  band  struck  up  "  Larry  the  Rouser." 

Arrived  thin  at  Troy,  t'was  glorious,  my  bhoy, 

To  see  the  bould  Trojans  who  mustered 

In  grey  coats  and  britches,  wid  ice-creams  and  sandwiches^ 

Pan  my  sowl,  I  became  quite  dumbflustered. 

The  carridge  I  rode  in  was  made  by  Pat  Griffin, 

And  so  proudly  I  sat  in  my  sate, 

That  \\\egur/s  cried  hurrah,  here's  Fisk's  brother-in-law, 

My_y.?  niver  starve  for  the  want  of  a.  good  mate 

At  the  ball  in  the  evening,  ye  be  hardly  beleeving  , 

The/0/«6'  soights  wn&foine  ladies  I  saw  there. 

To  see  Col.  O'Fisk,  sure  a  bating  iheflure, 

In  a  four-handed  waits  wid  Mrs.  O'Harc, 

It's  myself  was  astounded,  and  nearly  dumbfounded, 

Whin  brave  Blanchard,  he  gave  me  the  wink, 

Wid  a  "  Whist  now,  my  boy  —  the  Mayor  Molloy 
Says  we'll  all  go  and  have  a  big  dhrink." 

Of  coarse  I  consinted,  and  drank  quite  continted, 
As  meself  was  not  paying  the  same, 
Whin  ould  Toby,  or  Noby,  the  divil  may  scure  him, 
Came  up,  and  he  axed  for  my  name. 
I  gave  him  my  hard  on  a  piece  of  pasteboard, 
And  he  shouted  in  great  exultashun, 
Miss  Biddy  McGlure  wud  dance  on  \\\&flure 
hero  of  this  grand  occashun, 


I  paid  my  addresses,  and  tould  my  distresses, 
Saying,  I'm  proud  for  to  have  the  high  honor 
Of  layding  before  thim,  in  pink  silk  and  satin, 
Such  a  charming,  beu'ichtng  young  craytur. 
Parley  -nous  France"  thin,  says  she,  which  manes  do  ye  dance  ? 
As  a  sticker  to  me,  <\oye  mind, 

Digcthengaelic,"  says  I,  "  how  will  that  do  for  high  t 
e  Frinch,  I  do  not  compre/iind." 


Thin  bidding  adieu  to  the  good  old  Varnwunters, 

We  started  and  raiched  Saratogy, 

Where  we  found  them  all  waiting,  wid  f  vine  drin'-  ing  and  aiting, 


1871  RECEPTION    OF    THE    GRAND    DUKE    ALEXIS.  1559 

For  "  O'Fisk  "  and  his  whole  gallant  party. 
They  vied  wid  aich  other  in  trayting  us  daycint. 
And  \\\z.gurls,  musha  more  power  to  their  elbow, 
Tried  hard  for  to  coax  us,  bad  cess  to  their  hoaxes, 
That  meself  was  ay^/w-looking  fellow. 

•'  KF.KGAN." 

At  a  meeting  of  the  Board  of  Officers  on  the  2oth  it  was 
voted  that  the  members  of  the  regiment  against  whom — on  July 
1 2th — any  delinquencies  had  been  pending,  and  who  had  been 
on  duty  on  that  day,  should  be  excused  and  the  fines  remitted. 

On  the  i  ith  of  October  the  regiment  paraded  for  inspection 
at  Tompkins  Square.  Out  of  a  total  membership  of  seven 
hundred  and  eighty-five,  seven  hundred  and  twenty-two  were 
present,  a  remarkable  attendance,  and  which  conclusively 
proved  that  the  old  esprit  dc  corps  had  been  revived  and  that 
the  NINTH  was  one  of  the  best  disciplined  regiments  in  the 
National  Guard. 

On  the  2  ist  the  regiment  paraded  as  part  of  the  escort  to 
the  Grand  Duke  Alexis  of  Russia.  The  various  organiza 
tions  participating  formed  on  Broadway  and  extended  from  the 
Battery  to  Canal  Street.  The  procession  moved  in  the  follow 
ing  order  : 

Platoon  of  Police. 

Superintendent  of  Police,  James  J.  Kelso,  in  carriage. 
Battalion  of  Police. 

Band. 
First    Brigade,    National    Guard,    Brigadier-General    William    G.    Ward    and    staff. 

mounted. 
Seventh  regiment,  Colonel  Enimons  Clark. 

Band. 

*"  'iV^  d  Carriage  containing  Grand  [Jl  3  "^ 

&  %  2.  £  Duke,    Russian    Minister'*  P-H.~B. 

—      Cj  °"  Catenazy,  General  John  <;  o  •  ~ 

'G-v3  £.2  A.  Dix  and  W.  H.  Aspin- 

wall,  Esq.  %  %°3.  § 


Carriage  with  Admiral  Possiett,  Russian  Navy ;  Vice-Admiral  Rowan,  U.  S.  Navy ; 

General  Gorloff,  Russian  Army,  and  General  Irvin  McDowell,  U.  S.  A. 
Carriage  with  Russian  High  Chancellor  of  State  Vesseiag,  Governor  E.  D.  Morgan  of 

New  York,  Count  Olsonfieff  and  Moses  H.  Grinnell,  Esq. 

Sixteen  Carriages  with  distinguished  foreigners,  prominent  citizens,  and   Russian  and 
American  Army  and  Navy  Officers 


THE    NINTH    NEW    YORK.  1871 

Band. 

Twelfth  regiment,  Colonel  John  Ward,  Jr. 

Sixty-ninth  regiment,  Colonel  James  Cavanagh. 

Seventy-first  regiment,  Colonel  Harry  Rockafeller. 

Seventy-ninth  regiment,  Colonel  John  J.  Shaw. 

Band. 

Brigadier-General  John  B.  Woodward  and  staff. 
Twenty-third  regiment,  Colonel  Rodney  C.  Ward. 
Forty-seventh  regiment,  Colonel  David  E.  Austin. 

Band. 

Second  brigade. 

Brigadier-General  Augustus  Funk  and  staff. 

Fifth  regiment,  Colonel  John  E.  Benclix. 

Sixth  regiment,  Colonel  Frank  Sterry. 

Eighty-fourth  regiment,  Colonel  Fred.  A.  Conklin. 

Ninety-sixth  regiment,  Colonel  D.  Krehbiel. 

Band. 

New  Jersey  troops. 
Brigadier-General  Plume  and  staff. 

First  regiment,  Major  Hunt. 

Second  regiment,  Colonel  Allen. 

Fourth  regiment,  Colonel  Van  Buskirk. 

Fifth  regiment,  Colonel  Huntley. 

Band. 

Third  brigade. 

Brigadier-General  J.  M.  Varian  and  staff. 

First  regiment,  Colonel  Almar  P.  Webster. 

Eighth  regiment,  Colonel  George  D.  Scott. 

NINTH  regiment,  Colonel  James  Fisk,  Jr. 

Fifty-fifth  regiment,  Colonel  William  B.  Allen. 

Carriage  containing  distinguished  citizens. 

Platoon  of  Police. 

The  NINTH  paraded  ten  companies  of  twenty-two  files  each. 
At  eleven  P.  M.  the  officers,  accompanied  by  the  band,  visited 
the  Grand  Duke  at  the  Clarendon  Hotel.  The  band  played  a 
number  of  selections,  among  which  were  the  Russian  Hymn 
and  Etoile  du  Nord. 

Beginning  with  the  istof  the  month  weekly  drills  had  been 
held  at  the  armory,  at  which  over  fifty  per  cent,  of  the  members 
were  present.  The  Fall  months  showed  a  marked  increase 
in  the  proficiency  attained,  the  new  recruits  were  attentive  to 
their  duties  and  all  were  enthusiastic  over  the  name  and  fame 
of  the  regiment. 


. 


DEATH    OF    COLONEL    FISK.  561 


CHAPTER     XXVI. 

DEATH   OF   COLONEL   FISK. 

1872. 

The  Colonel's  Ante  Mortem  Statement. — Meeting  of  the  Members  of  the  NINTH. — 
Official  Announcement.— The  Funeral.— Burial  at  Brattleboro,  Vt.— Verdict  of 
the  Coroner's  Jury.— Sketch  of  the  Life  of  Colonel  Fisk.— Funeral  of  Captain 
Dalrymple. — Interment  of  General  Robert  Anderson  at  West  Point. — Expulsion 
of  Delinquent  Members. — Canvassing  for  a  Colonel. — A  Lady  Applicant. — Cele 
brating  the  Eleventh  Anniversary  of  the  Departure  for  the  War. — Memorial  Day 
Exercises. — Colonel  Braine  in  Command. — Fourth  of  July.— Excursion  of  Com 
pany  G. — Governor's  Day. — Company  H  Reception. — Company  D  Entertain 
ment. — Soiree  Magique. 

"HE  new  year  opened  with  bright  prospects  for  the  NINTH. 
Never  before  in  its  history,  since  the  close  of  the  war,  were  its 
members  so  active  and  enthusiastic  in  the  performance  of  their 
duties,  and  yet  it  was  upon  the  verge  of  an  experience  few 
regiments,  in  time  of  peace,  are  called  upon  to  pass  through. 
At  four  o'clock  on  the  afternoon  of  Saturday,  the  6th  of  Jan 
uary,  the  city  was  startled  by  the  report  that  Colonel  Fisk  had 
been  assassinated  by  Edward  S.  Stokes,  at  the  Grand  Central 
Hotel.*  The  news  spread  on  the  wings  of  lightning  and 
became  the  leading  topic  of  conversation.  The  story  of  the 
shooting,  as  briefly  narrated  by  the  victim  in  his  ante  mortem 
deposition  to  Coroner  Young,  at  eight  o'clock  that  evening, 
is  as  follows  : 

This  afternoon  at  about  four  o'clock  I  rode  to  the  Grand  Central  Hotel.  I  entered 
by  the  private  entrance,  and  when  I  entered  the  first  door" I  met  the  boy,  of  whom 
I  inquired  if  Mrs.  Morse  was  in.  He  told  me  that  Mrs.  Morse  and  her  youngest 
daughter  had  gone  out,  but  he  .thought  the  other  daughter  was  in  her  grandmother's 
room.  I  asked  him  to  go  up  and  tell  the  daughter  that  I  was  there.  I  came  through 
the  other  door,  and  was  going  up  stairs,  and  had  gone  up  about  two  steps,  and 
on  looking  up,  I  saw  Edward  S.  Stokes  at  the  head  of  the  stairs.  As  soon  as  I 
saw  him,  I  noticed  that  he  had  Something  in  his  hand,  and  a  second  after  I  saw  the 
Hash,  heard  the  report,  and  felt  the  ball  enter  my  abdomen,  on  the  right  side.  A 
second  after  I  heard  another  shot,  and  the  bullet  entered  my  left  arm.  When  I 
received  the  first  shot  I  staggered,  and  ran  towards  the  door,  but  noticing  a  crowd 
gathering  in  front,  I  ran  back  to  the  stairs  again.  I  was  then  brought  up  stairs  in 


562  THE    NINTH    NEW    YORK.  187- 

the  hotel.  I  saw  nothing  more  of  Stokes,  until  he  was  brought  before  me  by  an 
officer,  for  identification.  I  fully  identified  Edward  S.  Stokes  as  the  person  who 
shot  me. 

(Signed)  JAMES   FISK,   JR. 

The  evening  and  night  wore  slowly  away,  during  which 
time  Doctor  Carnochan,  who  had  been  summoned  by  telegraph, 
assisted  by  Doctors  Fisher,  Wood,  and  Tripler,  did  all  that 
medical  and  surgical  skill  could  suggest  to  save  their  patient's 
life.  A  crowd  of  sympathising  friends  thronged  the  corridors 
of  the  hotel,  eagerly  inquiring  as  to  the  condition  of  the 
wounded  man  and  the  chances  of  his  recovery.  Mrs.  Fisk 
and  other  relatives  arrived,  who,  with  a  few  intimate  friends 
only,  were  allo\ved  to  see  the  Colonel.  On  Sunday  morning 
the  doctors  gave  up  all  hope  of  being  able  to  save  his  life,  but 
their  efforts  were  unremitting  in  endeavoring  to  alleviate  his 
terrible  sufferings.  At  eleven  o'clock  this  wonderful  man 
breathed  his  last. 

As  soon  as  it  was  known  that  Colonel  Fisk  was  dead,  nearly 
all  the  members  of  the  regiment  gathered,  informally,  at  the 
armory,  to  talk  over  the  matter  and  console  each  other  upon 
the  great  loss  sustained.  This  quiet,  sad  gathering,  gave  rise 
to  the  foolish  report,  and  which  originated  in  the  mind  of  some 
malignant  enemy  of  the  National  Guard,  that  the  NINTH 
intended  to  break  the  peace,  take  the  law  into  its  own  hands, 
and  lynch  the  assassin  of  their  beloved  chief.  The  record  of 
the  regiment  should  have  exempted  it  from  such  an  imputation, 
even  from  its  enemies  ;  certainly  no  thoughtful  person  believed 
that  the  members  of  the  NINTH  would  so  far  forget  their 
allegiance  to  the  civil  law.  This  assemblage  of  the  rank  and  file 
resolved  itself,  as  do  all  peaceful  gatherings  when  any  great 
question  is  to  be  discussed,  into  a  meeting  of  sympathy,  and  Ser 
geant  S.  A.  Schoonmaker  was  called  to  the  chair.  A  committee 
to  prepare  suitable  resolutions  expressing  the  sense  of  the  meet 
ing  upon  the  awful  calamity,  was  appointed,  who  shortly  after 
wards  reported,  and  the  resolutions  were  unanimously  adopted. 
The  Board  of  Officers  met  in  the  evening  at  the  Grand  Opera 
House,  to  make  arrangements  for  the  funeral,  and  while  in  ses- 


1872  HKICJADE    AND    REGIMENTAL    ORDERS.  563 

sion  were  waited  upon  by  a  committee  on  behalf  of  the  Veteran 
Association,  who  asked,  and  received  permission,  to  attend  the 
funeral  A  committee  also,  from  the  rank  and  file,  which  had 
been  appointed  at  their  meeting  during  the  day,  asked  that  the 
regiment  be  allowed  to  accompany  the  remains  to  Brattleboro, 
Vt.,  the  place  of  interment.  This,  however,  could  not  be 
granted.  The  regiment  could  do  no  more  than  attend  the 

o  o 

services  held  in  the  city,  and  the  officers  alone  would  accompany 
the  remains  to  Vermont.  The  Board  of  Officers  appointed  a 
committee  to  draft  resolutions,  the  committee  to  report  at  the 
next  meeting. 

During  the  day  the  following  orders  were  issued: 

HEADQUARTERS  THIRD  BRIGADE, 

FIRST  DIVISION.  N.  G.  S.  N.  Y., 

New  York,  Jan.  ~jth,  1872. 

GENERAL  ORDERS,  ) 
No.  i.  i 

I.  It  is  with  deep  regret  that  the    Brigadier-General  commanding  announces  the 
death  of  Colonel  James  Fisk,  Jr.,  NINTH  Regiment  Infantry.     His  loss  will  be  severely 
felt,  and  his  place  not  easily  filled  in  the  National  Guard. 

II.  The  NINTH  Regiment  is  hereby  detailed  as  funeral  escort,  and  will  assemble  at 
their  armory  on  Jan.  8th,  at  twelve  o'clock,  M. 

III.  The  following  named  officers  are  requested  to  act  as  pall-bearers : 

Colonel  Emmons  Clark,  Seventh  Regiment ;  Colonel  George  D.  Scott,  Eighth  Regi 
ment ;  Colonel  William  B.  Allen,  Fifty-fifth  Regiment ;  Colonel  Frank  Sterry,  Sixth 
Regiment ;  Colonel  Josiah  Porter,  Twenty-second  Regiment ;  Lieut.-Colonel  A.  P. 
Webster,  First  Regiment. 

IV.  The  Brigade  staff  will  assemble  at  No.  60   St.  Mark's  Place,  at    12  o'clock.  M. 
fully  equipped.     (Dismounted.) 

V.  As  a  tribute  of  respect,  the  officers  will  wear  the  usual  badge  of  mourning  for 
thirty  days. 

VI.  The  officers  of  the  division  are  respectfully  invited  to  attend,  in  full  uniform. 

By  order  of 

BRIGADIER-GENERAL  J.  M.  VARIAN. 
WILLIAM  SEWARD,  JR., 

A.  A.  G.  and  Chief  of  Staff. 

HEADQUARTERS  NINTH  REGIMENT, 
THIRD  BRIGADE,  FIRST  DIVISION,  N.  G.  S.  N.  Y., 

New  York,  Jan.  "jth,  1872. 
GENERAL  ORDERS,  } 
No.  i.  \ 

In  compliance  with  orders  from  Brigade  Headquarters,  this  command  will  assem 
ble  at  the  armorj',  in  full  uniform,  (white  cross  and  body  belts,  white  gloves)  with  crape 
on  left  arm,  on  Monday,  Jan.  8th,  to  pay  the  last  tribute  of  respect  to  our  lamented 
Colonel,  at  i  2  o'clock,  M.  Field  and  Staff  (dismounted)  will  report  to  the  Lieutenant- 


564  THE    NINTH    NEW    YORK.  1872 

Colonel,  commanding  ;  non-commissioned  staff,  band  and  field  music  to  the  Adjutant, 
at  the  same  time  and  place.  By  order  of 

LIEUT.-COL.  CHARLES  R.  BRAINE. 
EDGAR  S.  ALLIEN,  Adjutant. 

On  Monday,  the  8th,  Superintendent  Kelso  detailed  a 
large  force  of  police,  under  command  of  Drill  Master  Copeland, 
for  guard  duty  about  the  Grand  Opera  House,  where  the 
body  of  Colonel  Fisk  had  been  conveyed.  A  great  multitude 
of  people — men,  women,  and  children — soon  filled  Twenty- 
third  Street.  The  roofs  of  houses,  and  the  windows  overlooking 

O 

the  scene,  were  also  filled  with  interested  spectators  ;  even  the 
cross  beams  of  lamp- posts  held  the  irrepressible  small  boy. 
All  were  anxious  to  view  the  remains  of  the  famous  Colonel. 

At  noon  precisely  the  muffled  drums  sounded  the  assembly 
at  the  armory,  and  the  NINTH  formed,  with  ten  companies  of 
twenty-two  files.  Marching  with  solemn  step  to  Eighth  Ave 
nue,  thence  towards  the  Opera  House,  the  dense  mass  of  people 
who  filled  the  street  yielding  space,  and  exhibiting — more  by 
their  actions  than  by  their  words — the  sympathy  they  felt  with 
the  bereaved  regiment.  The  members  entered  the  building 
from  Twenty-third  Street,  in  single  file,  passed  by  the  remains, 
making  their  exit  by  the  Eighth  Avenue  entrance,  then  form 
ing  on  that  street  and  waiting  while  the  public  were  admitted. 
When  the  casket  was  closed  the  cortege  was  formed  as  follows  : 

Police. 
NINTH  Regiment  Band. 

Drum   Corps. 

Aschenbroedel   Society. 

Officers  Narragansett  Steamship  Company. 

NINTH    Regiment. 

Erie  Railroad   Employees.  • 

Carriages  of  Mourners. 


Col.  Sterry. 
Col.  Allen. 
Gen.  Funk. 


Lieut. -Col.  Webster. 
Col.  Scott. 
Col.  Clark. 


Col.  Fisk's  horse. 

Two  platoons  Enlisted  Men  of  the  National  Guard. 
Six  platoons  Officers  of  the  National  Guard. 

Gen.  Varian  and  Staff. 
NINTH   Regiment  Veterans,  Gen.  John  Hendrickson. 

Police. 
Carriages. 


1872  FUNERAL    OF    COLONEL    FISK.  565 

The  sidewalks,  balconies,  windows  and  steps,  as  well  as  the 
roofs  of  houses,  along  the  line  of  march  to  the  New  Haven 
railroad  station,  at  Twenty-sixth  Street  and  Fourth  Avenue, 
were  filled  with  a  quiet,  orderly  mass  of  humanity.  There 
was  something  awful  in  the  solemn  stillness,  broken  only  by 
the  funeral  roll  of  muffled  drums.  Upon  arriving  at  the  sta 
tion  the  casket  was" transferred  to  the  funeral  car  ;  two  others, 
also  heavily  draped,  receiving  the  relatives  and  friends  and  the 
officers  of  the  NINTH.  As  the  train  moved  out  the  various 
companies  of  the  regiment,  under  the  Orderly  Sergeants, 
marched  back  to  the  armory  and  were  dismissed. 

When  the  train  left  the  city  there  was  no  snow  to  be  seen  ; 
the  weather  was  clear  and  cold.  As  the  train  moved  eastward 
and  northward  the  cold  increased.  After  leaving  Hartford  the 
car  windows  became  incrusted  with  ice,  and  at  Springfield  snow 
was  seen  upon  the  ground.  At  both  of  these  cities  thousands 
of  people  had  gathered  to  see  the  funeral  train.  Brattleboro 
was  reached  at  half-past  eleven  in  the  evening,  and  even  at 
that  late  hour,  and  though  it  was  ten  degrees  below  zero,  the 
station  was  so  crowded  with  the  friends  and  acquaintances  of 
the  deceased,  that  it  was  with  great  difficulty  the  funeral  party 
could  move.  A  large  number  of  sltighs  had  been  provided, 
upon  one  of  which  the  casket  was  placed,  and,  surrounded  by 
the  guard  of  officers,  was  conveyed  to  the  Revere  House. 
The  officers  remained  on  guard  during  the  night. 

The  next  morning,  with  the  first  streak  of  dawn,  the  jingle 
of  sleig'i  bells  was  heard,  as  the  country  people  for  miles 
around  came  pouring  into  the  town.  Everybody  knew 
Colonel  Fisk  ;  his  boyhood  and  young  manhood  had  been 
passed  in  their  midst,  and  all  were  anxious  to  pay  his  remains 
the  last  tribute  of  respect.  Those  who  knew  him  best,  loved 
and  honored  him  the  most,  and  among  the  lar^e  concourse  of 

c>  O 

people  which  overflowed  the  little  town,  there  was  not  heard  a 
•word,  except  of  praise,  and  his  death  was  alluded  to  with 
feelings  of  deep  regret.  At  half-past  eleven  a  hearse  conveyed 
the  remains  to  the  Baptist  Church,  and  the  building  was  soon 
crowded  with  people.  At  one  o'clock  the  organ  pealed  forth  a 


566  THE    NINTH    NEW    YORK.  1872 

solemn  voluntary,  after  which  the  choir  sang  an  appropriate 
selection.  Following  the  opening  prayer  of  the  pastor,  Rev. 
Mr.  Jenkins,  Chaplain  Flagg  delivered  an  impressive  sermon. 
Among  other  things  he  said,  in  conclusion  :  "  A  man  of  his 
strong  characteristics  must  necessarily  have  strong  faults,  as 
well  as  strong  virtues,  and  that  there  was  every  reason  to 
believe  he  died  in  the  faith  of  Jesus,  having  remarked — 
when  informed  that  there  was  little  hopes  of  his  recovery — 
"  All  right,  it  is  the  will  of  God,  and  I  submit." 

After  the  sermon  Chaplain  Flagg  read  the  solemn  and  im 
pressive  burial  service,  after  which  an  opportunity  was  afforded 
for  a  last  look  at  the  remains.  The  casket  was  then  closed, 
and  the  pall-bearers — Lieutenant-Colonel  Braine,  Major  Hitch 
cock,  and  Captains  Van  Wyck,  Miller,  Spencer  and  Borrowe — 
conveyed  the  casket  to  the  hearse.  At  half-past  two  the 
procession  moved  towards  the  cemetery,  about  a  mile  distant, 
the  greater  part  of  the  assembled  multitude  following.  At  the 
grave  Chaplain  Flagg  made  a  brief  prayer,  and  the  mortal 
remains  of  Colonel  Fisk  were  consigned  to  the  keeping  of 
Mother  Earth. 

The  officers  of  the  NINTH  remained  at  Brattleboro  until 
the  following  morning  and  then  took  the  train,  arriving  in  due 
time  in  New  York. 

At  the  proper  time  a  Coroner's  jury — composed  of  M.  B. 
Field,  James  R.  Edwards,  William  H.  Locke,  John  J.  Gor 
man,  Lowell  Lincoln,  Alexander  McKenzie,  Jesse  Hoyt,  David 
Dows,  George  Opdyke,  Henry  Clews,  William  M.  Bliss  and 
A.  V.  Stout — inquired  into  the  cause  of  Colonel  Fisk's  death, 
and  presented  the  following  verdict. 

The  jury  find,  upon  the  testimony  submitted  at  this  inquest,  that  the  deceased 
Jas.  Fisk,  Jr.,  came  to  his  death,  at  the  Grand  Central  Hotel,  in  the  city  of  New  York, 
on  the  7th  day  of  January,  1872,  at  or  about  ten  minutes  before  eleven  o'clock  A.  M., 
in  consequence  of  a  wound  or  wounds  inflicted  by  a  ball  or  balls,  from  a  pistol  in  the 
hands  of  Edward  S.  Stokes,  discharged  by  him  in  a  deliberate  manner,  at  the  person 
of  said  Fisk,  at  the  Grand  Central  Hotel  aforesaid,  on  the  6th  day  of  January,  1872, 
at  or  about  four  o'clock  P.  M. 

Colonel  James  Fisk,  Jr.,  was  born  in  Bennington,  Vermont, 
April  i,  1834,  and  was,  therefore,  thirty-seven  years  of  ao-e  on 


SKETCH    O¥    THE    LI1-E    OF    COLONEL    FISK.  567 

his  last  birthday.  When  about  in  his  tenth  year,  his  parents 
moved  to  Brattleboro,  where  he  passed  the  remainder  of  his 
youth  and  early  manhood.  His  aptitude  for  business  was 
early  discerned  by  his  father,  who  encouraged  him  in  his 
"swapping"  and  trading  with  the  boys  of  the  school  and  neigh 
borhood. 

At  seventeen  he  became  a  clerk  for  his  father,  but  this 
sphere  of  action  was  too  contracted  ;  he  therefore  made  his  way 
to  Boston  and  there  found  employment  with  Messrs.  Jordan, 
Marsh  &  Co.  At  his  suggestion  that  house  took  government 
contracts,  which,  during  the  continuance  of  the  war,  amounted 
to  from  eight  to  ten  millions  of  dollars,  and  as  Colonel  Fisk 
shared  in  the  profits,  thus  laid  the  basis  of  his  fortune. 

About  the  ^ear  1858  he  was  married  to  Miss  Lucy  D. 
Moore,  of  Springfield,  Mass. 

In  1864  he  purchased  the  Stonington  Line  of  steamers, 
including  the  Bristol,  Providence,  Plymouth  Rock  and  Com 
monwealth  for  $1,000,000  ;  and  coming  to  New  York  to  reside, 
commenced  with  Daniel  Drew  to  operate  in  stocks  and  bonds. 
In  1865  the  firm  of  Fisk,  Belden  &  Co.  was  formed,  which 
dealt  largely  in  government  securities,  railroad  and  other  stocks, 
and  at  one  time  the  firm  were  on  the  verge  of  ruin. 

In  1867,  assisted  by  Boston  capitalists,  the  Colonel  surprised 
the  financial  world  by  getting  a  controlling  interest  in  the  Frie 
Railway  ;  through  supplying  some  $8,000,000  to  buy  the  bonds 
issued  by  Daniel  Drew,  President,  with  whom  he  had  ceased 
to  be  on  friendly  terms. 

Through  his  intimate  connection  with  the  "  Black  Friday" 
movement  on  the  Stock  Exchange,  he  was  summoned  before 
a  congressional  investigating  committee  at  Washington,  which 
will  be  chiefly  remembered  by  his  expression,  in  answer  to  a 
question,  "  Gone  where  the  woodbine  twineth." 

The  Colonel's  next  venture  was  the  purchase  of  the  Grand 
Opera  House,  then  known  as  Pike's  Opera  House,  for  the  sum 
of  $850,000,  which  was  leased  to  the  Erie  road  at  an  annual 
rental  of  $75,000. 

The  sudden  and  untimely  death  of  Colonel    Fisk   was    a 


568  THE    NINTH    NEW    YORK.  1872 

serious  blow  to  the  many  interests  of  which  he  was  the  life  and 
soul,  and  the  NINTH  suffered  in  the  loss  of  its  firm  friend. 
Various  were  the  speculations  as  to  the  effect  the  loss  of  the 
bountiful  Colonel  would  have  upon  the  fortunes  of  the  regi 
ment  ;  but  its  friends  felt  hopeful  that — aside  from  the  loss  of 
a  few  who  had  joined  for  "butterfly"  show,  and  the  gratifica 
tion  of  enjoying  the  many  pleasant  excursions  and  spreads 
provided  by  the  deceased — no  harm  would  be  entailed  upon  the 
organization.  It  was  believed  that  the  best  members  would 
remain  true,  and  that  the  standard  of  the  NINTH  would  not  be 
suffered  to  decline. 

On  the  23d  of  February,  Company  I,  Captain  Arthur 
Blaney,  paraded  to  attend  the  funeral  of  ex-Captain  Dal- 
rymple,  who  died  on  the  2Oth.  Accompanied  by  the  Veterans 
of  the  Regiment,  and  the  Atalanta  Boat  Club,  the  company 
escorted  the  remains  to  Greenwood  Cemetery  where  the  inter 
ment  took  place. 

Owing  to  the  unfinished,  condition  of  the  armory, 
company  drills  alone  were  held  during  the  months  of  January, 
February  and  March.  The  attendance  was  fair,  and  at  the 
monthly  meetings  a  number  of  recruits  were  received.  It  was 
noticed,  towards  the  end  of  March,  and  especially  in  Com 
panies  C  and  K,  that  many  members  continued  to  absent 
themselves  from  drill,  thereby  violating  the  obligations  thev 
had  voluntarily  assumed.  This  was  now  a  disturbing  element, 
and  it  was  hoped  would  soon  be  eradicated  by  expelling  the 
do-nothings. 

o 

On  April  3d  the  regiment  paraded  ten  companies  of  six 
teen  files,  under  command  of  Lieutenant-Colonel  Braine,  in 
heavy  marching  order,  to  attend  the  funeral  of  General  Robert 
Anderson,  of  F"ort  Sumter  fame,  who  died  on  the  26th  of 
October,  the  previous  year,  at  Nice,  France,  and  whose  body 
had  been  brought  home  and  deposited  in  the  receiving  vault  in 
Marble  Cemetery  on  Second  Street.  The  escort  formed  at 

ten   o'clock,   and  half  an   hour  later   moved   in   the  following 

t> 

order : 


1872  BURIAL    OF    GENERAL    ROBERT    ANDERSON.  569 

Police. 

Brig.-Gen.  Wm.  G.  Ward,  Commanding  escort. 

Seventy-first  regiment. 

Seventy-ninth  regiment. 

NINTH  regiment. 

Seventh  regiment. 

Batteries  E  and  H  First  artillery,  U.  S.  A.,  of  Ft.  Sumter. 

Batter}-  K,  First  artillery,  U.  S.  A.,  Major  J.  M.  Brannan,  First  artillery,  U.  S.  A.,  Com 
manding. 
Corpse,  covered  by  the  Ft.  Sumter  Hag,  upon  gun-carriage. 

Members  of  the  Old  Guard  on  each  flank. 

T\vo  carriages  containing  the  pall-beakers  :     Generals  J.  V.  Bom  ford,  Jeff  C.  Davis, 
Saml.  W.  Crawford  and  Jno.  G.  Foster ;  Messrs.  Hiram  Barney,  Richd.  S. 

Thorne,  Henry  V.  Vail  and  Chas.  P.  Kirkland. 
Carriages  with  the  family  and  officers  of  the  Army  and  Navy. 

Anderson  Zouaves,  in  two  platoons. 

Columbia  Order  of  Knights-Templars,  Commandery  No.  I. 

Pacific  Lodge,  in  column  of  twos 

Police. 

The  route  of  march  was  through  Second  Avenue,  Eighth 
Street,  Broadway,  Fifth  Avenue  and  Thirty-fourth  Street  to  the 
Hudson  River;  when  the  body,  under  the  escort  of  a  sergeant 
and  eight  privates  (!)  of  the  regular  army,  was  placed  upon  the 
steamboat  Henry  Smith,  and  conveyed  to  West  Point.  Strange 
to  say,  that  upon  arriving  at  that  celebrated  military  post, 
the  Alma  Mater  of  the  dead  hero,  no  salute  was  fired,  nor 
were  there  any  troops  in  line  to  receive  the  remains  of  the 
once  honored  and  popular  soldier.  The  casket  was  placed 
upon  a  gun-caisson,  drawn  by  four  horses,  and  conveyed  to  the 
grave,  where  the  burial  service  was  read  by  Post  Chaplain  For- 
syth,  and  a  prayer  offered  by  Rev.  Dr.  Duane.  The  day  was  a 
beautiful  one,  the  ceremonies  in  New  York  had  been  most  appro 
priate  to  the  rank  and  character  of  the  General,  and  why  the 
authorities  at  West  Point  were  so  indifferent — and  even  disre 
spectful — has  never  been  explained. 

On  the  gth,  Regimental  General  Orders,  No.  5,  was  pub 
lished,  expelling  ten  members  of  Company  C,  and  twelve  from 
Company  K.  It  was  also  ordered  that  the  right  wing,  consist 
ing  of  Companies  A,  E,  F,  I  and  K,  assemble  for  battalion 
drill  on  the  iQth,  and  the  left  wing  on  the  23rd,  which  was 
obeyed,  and  drills  held  accordingly. 

On  the  gth  of  May  the  regiment  assembled,  ten  companies 


570  THE    NINTH    NEW    YORK.  1872 

of  fourteen  files,  and  marched  to  Tompkins  Square  for 
battalion  drill.  The  rank  and  file  acquitted  themselves 
creditably,  but  four  of  the  officers  exhibited  such  a  hesitancy 
in  communicating  the  proper  orders  to  their  commands,  that 
numerous  blunders  were  committed. 

It  is  needless  to  say  that  the  matter  of  a  successor  to 
Colonel  Fisk  had  been  earnestly  .canvassed  ever  since  his 
burial.  The  public  also,  seemed  to  take  a  deep  interest  in  the 
succession.  Among  those  who  were  mentioned  for  the  respon 
sible  place,  were  Generals  George  B.  McClellan,  John  H. 
Wilcox,  and  John  Hendrickson,  Col.  Benjamin  W.  Blanchard, 
Major  William  Moore  Smith,  and  Messrs.  Jay  Gould,  Jerome 
B.  Fellows,  James  Gordon  Bennett,  Jr.,  and  Robert  G.  Gregg. 
On  the  1 4th,  a  new  and  unexpected  candidate  was  self-pre 
sented  in  the  following  manner: 

44  BROAD  STREET,  NEW  YORK,  May  \tfJi,  1872. 

DEAR  SIR: — I  understand  that  the  Colonelcy  of  the  gallant  NINTH  Regiment  of 
the  National  Guard,  made  vacant  by  the  death  of  James  Fisk,  Jr.,  still  remains  unfilled  ; 
also,  that  there  are,  as  yet,  but  two  candidates  for  the  position — Jerome  B.  Fellows 
and  Robt.  G.  Gregg — both  of  whom  are  men  of  respectability  and  wealth.  But  it  is 
to  be  seriously  questioned,  if  such  qualifications  only,  can  recommend  them  to  the 
regiment.  Fisk  had  wealth,  youth,  and  brains.  Under  his  guidance  the  regiment 
rapidly  took  rank  in  the  "  First  Division,"  as  one  of  the  most  efficient  bodies  of  men  in 
the  service.  His  men  partook  of  his  spirit  and  dash,  and  each  one  felt  the  inspiration 
of  his  genius. 

I  protest  that  it  would  be  a  wrong,  to  the  memory  of  the  dead  leader,  to  select  as 
his  successor  any  one  who  lacks  the  magnetic  influence  he  possessed  over  his  soldiers — 
securing  their  love  and  admiration,  and  communicating  their  enthusiasm  to  the  general 
public. 

It  would  be  an  impediment  to  the  further  advance  of  the  regiment,  to  permit  such 
a  selection.  In  fact,  it  would  be  a  blunder,  and  the  great  Captain,  Napoleon  the  First, 
declared  a  blunder  to  be  worse  than  a  crime. 

Your  connection  with  the  Grand  Opera  House  brings  you  in  social  contact  with 
the  committee  having  the  selection  of  a  Colonel  in  hand.  See  the  gentlemen,  please, 
and  tell  them  I  will  accept  the  position,  and  pledge  myself,  if  elected,  to  give  s'.ich  an 
impetus  to  recruiting,  that  in  thirty  days  the  NINTH  Regiment  will  be  the  foremost  in 
the  State. 

There  can  be  no  objection  to  me,  save  that  I  am  a  woman.  Permit  me  to  remind 
those  who  urge  it,  \\\a.\.  Joan  d' Arc  also  was  a  woman.  While  I  do  not  make  pre 
tensions  to  the  same  military  genius  she  possessed,  I  may  state  that  it  has  always  been 
my  desire  to  become  actively  connected  with  the  service,  and  I  have  always  gratified 
a  passion  I  have  for  studying  its  rules  and  tactics,  in  which  I  am  well  versed. 

I  have  no  doubt  that  this  communication,  will,  at  first  sight,  occasion  incredulity 


1872  CANDIDATES    FOR    THE    COLONELCY.  :;  - 1 

as  to  my  intentions,  but  permit  me   to  assure    you  I  am  deeply  and  fixedly  in   earnest 
in  the  matter. 

Yours  very  sincerely, 

TENN1E  C.  CLAFLIN. 
To  JOSEPH  H.  TOOKRR, 

Manager  Grand  Opera  House. 

To  this  the  following  reply  was  returned  : 

GRAND  OPERA  HOUSE,  May  15,  1872. 

MADAM  :  Capt.  G.  Augustus  Fuller,  I  am  informed,  is  Chairman  of  the  Committee, 
having  the  recommendatory  selection  of  a  Colonel  for  the  NINTH  Regiment  in  charge. 
I  can  not  do  more  than  place  your  communication  in  his  hands.  I  am  not  a  member 
of  the  organization,  and  therefore  have  some  delicacy  about  urging  any  candidate 
upon  the  committee. 

Very  respectfully, 

JOSEPH  H.  TOOKER. 
To  Miss  TENNIE  C.  CLAFLIN, 

44  Broad  Street. 

Miss  Claflin's  letter  having  been  referred  to  Captain  Fuller, 
he,  in  courtesy  to  the  lady,  referred  it  to  Captain  Courtney, 
the  Chairman  of  the  committee  on  candidates  ;  but  it  was  not 
officially  acted  upon,  partly  owing  to  the  fact  that  the 
Military  Code  of  the  State  of  New  York  did  not  permit  the 
enrollment  of  any  but  male  persons  in  its  National  Guard. 
The  press  took  up  this  subject,  commenting  upon  its  originality, 
and  strange  to  say,  not  even  the  military  newspapers  referred 
to  the  ineligibility  of  Miss  Claflin  for  military  honors  ;  the 
matter  being  treated  as  a  huge  joke  at  the  expense  of  the 
NINTH. 

On  the  2 /th  the  Veteran  Association,  General  John  Hen- 
drickson  presiding,  celebrated  the  eleventh  anniversary  of  the 
departure  for  the  war,  by  a  dinner  at  the  Metropolitan  Hotel. 
About  one  hundred  and  fifty  members  and  guests  were  present. 
Responses  to  toasts  were  made  by  Generals  Rutherford  and 
Morrison,  Colonel  Van  Beuren,  Majors  Hitchcock  and  Strong, 
Surgeon  Nordquist,  Adjutant  Allien  and  others.  The  occasion 
was  greatly  enjoyed  by  all. 

On  the  3Oth,  Memorial  Day,  the  regiment  paraded,  at  one 
P.  M.  A  committee,  consisting  of  Captain  Fuller  and  Lieu.- 


572  THE    NINTH    NEW    YORK.  1872 

tenants  Hussey  and  Wood,  had  gone  the  day  before  to  Brattle- 
boro,  Vt.,  where,  in  connection  with  Post  Sedgwick,  No  8,  of 
the  Grand  Army  of  the  Republic,  Commander  C.  R.  Briggs, 
they  decorated  the  grave  of  Colonel  Fisk.  The  officers  of  the 
regiment,  accompanied  by  one  sergeant  from  each  company, 
went  to  Woodlawn  Cemetery  in  the  morning,  and  performed 
the  same  ceremony  there  for  the  dead  of  the  NINTH.  Major 
•George  W.  McLean,  of  the  Old  Guard,  had  already  placed 
flowers  upon  these  graves,  and  kindly  promised  to  continue  the 
pleasing  duty  each  succeeding  year,  so  long  as  he  was  able. 

After  a  number  of  meetings,  at  which  attempts  had  been 
made  to  elect  a  colonel,  the  matter  was  decided  on  the  4th 
of  June  by  the  choice  of  Lieutenant-Colonel  Braine,  who 
accepted.  Major  Hitchcock  was  advanced  to  Lieutenant-Col 
onel,  and  Captain  Dow  S.  Kittle  was  elected  Major. 

The  Ninety-sixth  Anniversary  of  American  Independence 
brought  out  the  NINTH,  who  paraded  with  the  First  division, 
under  the  command  of  General  Alexander  Shaler.  The 
regiment,  ten  companies  of  fourteen  files,  assembled  at  half- 
past  six  in  the  morning  and  marched  to  the  rendezvous  on 
Fourth  Street,  where  the  brigade  formed  with  the  ri«rit  resting 

o  o  o 

on  Broadway.  At  half-past  eight  the  column  moved,  the  route 
being  up  Broadway  to  Fourteenth  Street,  to  Eighth  Avenue, 
to  Thirty-fourth  Street,  to  Fifth  Avenue,  to  the  Worth  Mon 
ument,  where  the  reviewing  stand  had  been  erected.  The 
heat  was  intense,  and  many  men  were  overcome  and  compelled 
to  fall  out  of  the  ranks ;  some  were  sun-struck,  and  the 
Surgeons  had  their  hands  full  in  looking  after  the  disabled. 
Surgeon  Thompson  of  the  NINTH  attended  members  of  several 
other  regiments.  Citizens  alon^  the  route  offered  ice-water 

O  <-> 

and  lemonade,  but  the  climax  of  hospitality  was  reached  in 
front  of  the  residence  of  Mr.  Eisenberg,  where  iced  champagne 
was  poured  out  to  the  exhausted  guardsmen.  Such  princely 
liberality  had  seldom  before  been  shown,  and  the  recipients 
-were  enthusiastic  in  their  praise  of  the  liberal  donor. 

The  next  day  the  regiment  was    armed  with   Remington 


COLONEL  CHARLES  R.   BRAINE. 


1872  RECEPTION    OF    COMPANIES    G,    II    AND    D.  573 

breech-loading  rifles,  cal.  .50.  Five  hundred  and  forty  pieces 
were  issued. 

On  the  3ist  Company  G  entertained  their  friends  by  an 
excursion  up  the  Hudson  to  lona  Island,  the  steamboat  Sleepy 
Hollow  and.  barge  Pilgrim  conveying  the  party,  who,  although  it 
rained  all  day,  passed  a  most  delightful  time  in  singing  and 
dancing  on  board  the  boats. 

Nothing  further  of  interest  occurred  till  the  2Oth  of  Sep 
tember,  when  the  regiment  assembled  for  instruction  prepara 
tory  to  the  annual  muster  and  inspection  by  the  State  officers. 
On  the  loth  of  October  the  First  division  was  reviewed  by 
Governor  Hoffman.  The  NINTH  turned  out  ten  companies  of 
fourteen  files,  marching  with  a  firm  and  steady  step,  eliciting 
much  applause  from  the  spectators  who  lined  the  route  of 
march.  The  weather  was  clear  and  cool,  and  the  review  sat 
isfactory  in  all  respects.  On  the  i6th,  at  seven  P.  M.,  the 
regiment  assembled  at  the  armory  for  inspection.  Five 
hundred  and  one  men  answered  to  their  name^,  one  hundred 
and  nineteen  being  reported  absent;  a  total  of  six  hundred  and 
twenty — a  loss  of  one  hundred  and  sixty-five  from  the  previous 
year. 

General  George  G.  Meade  died  on  the  6th  of  November, 
and  was  buried  at  Laurel  Hill  Cemetery,  Philadelphia. 

On  the  i6th  of  December  Company  H,  Captain  James 
Slater,  gave  a  reception  to  their  friends  at  Apollo  Hall,  the  occa 
sion  being  graced  by  a  large  company  of  "  fair  women  and  brave 
men,"  who  thoroughly  enjoyed  themselves.  Following  this, 
Company  D,  Captain  Edward  S.  Bowlend,  gave  an  entertain 
ment  at  the  armory  on  the  26th,  and  despite  the  severe  snow 
storm  which  prevailed  at  the  time,  a  large  and  merry  crowd 
enjoyed  the  festivities  till  an  early  hour  the  following  morning. 
The  non-commissioned  officers  turn  came  next  in  the  round  of 
the  winter's  pleasures,  and  on  the  28th  they  invited  their 
friends  to  a  Soire'e  Magique  at  Robinson  Hall.  Adjutant 
Edgar  S.  Allien,  the  originator  of  the  affair,  was  congratulated 
upon  the  success  of  the  entertainment;  his  magical  manipula 
tions  established  his  rank  as  a  first-class  Prestidigitator. 


574 


TIIE    XI^TH    XK\V    YORK. 


CHAPTER    XXVII. 

CENTENNIAL    CELEBRATION. 

1873—1876. 

A  Falling  off  in  Membership. — Work  on  the  Armory  Resumed. — Company  K  Visits 
Passaic,  N.  J. — Celebrating  the  27th  of  May. — Memorial  Day. — Fourth  of  July. 
— Fall  Drills  Resumed. — Regimental  Reception. — The  Armory  Completed. — 1874 
— Regimental  Court-Martial. — Death  of  ex-Lieutenant  Colonel  Ferris. — The 
Twenty-seventh  of  May. — Companies  C  and  I  Escort  the  Boston  Fusileers. — 
Creedmoor. — International  Rifle  Match. — The  NINTH'S  First  Target  Practice. — 
Shooting  at  Candle  Targets. — Resignation  of  Colonel  Braine. — 1875 — Election 
of  Colonel  Hitchcock. — Parade  on  May  27th. — Amendment  to  Military  Code.— 
Regimental  Rifle  Team. — Second  International  Rifle  Match. — Practice  at  Creed- 
moor. — Gratifying  Increase  in  Membership. — 1876 — Centennial  Celebration. — 
Organization  of  the  Parade. — The  March. — Music  and  Fireworks. — Exercises  in 
Academy  of  Music. — Escorting  the  Connecticut  Militia. — Membership  Still 
Increasing. — The  Band's  Hop. 

AT  the  opening  of  the  new  year  the  prospects  of  the  regi 
ment  were  not  very  flattering.  A  number  of  the  officers 
had  resigned,  while  many  of  the  men  absented  themselves 
from  drill  and  other  duties  ;  quite  a  number  of  the  latter  had, 
in  consequence,  been  dropped  from  the  rolls.  There  were 
various  causes  for  this  state  of  affairs,  principal  among  which 
was  the  unfinished  condition  of  the  armory.  The  quarters 
were  not  inviting  and  the  men  found  pleasanter  surroundings 
elsewhere.  Of  several  of  the  officers  who  had  resigned  it  was 
thought  .they  were  victims  of  disappointed  ambition,  a  disease 
difficult  to  cure,  and  quite  fatal  to  the  interests  of  a  militia 
organization.  In  order  to  secure  attendance  at  the  weekly 
drills  the  Board  of  Officers  found  it  necessary  ta  court-martial 
some  of  the  delinquents.  The  necessity  of  this  extreme 
measure  was  deplored  by  the  loyal  members,  for  it  showed 
that  the  ancient  glory  of  the  organization  was  departing. 

On  the  nth,  I2th,  i3th  and  27th  of  March  wing  drills  were 
held  at  the  armory,  the  companies  turning  out  an  average  of 


I873  COMPANY    K    VISITS  PASSAIC,    N.    J.  575 

twelve  files.  The  evolutions  were  creditably  performed  and 
the  manual  of  arms  executed  with  great  precision.  On  the 
2oth  the  regiment  was  inspected  and  reviewed  by  Inspector- 
General  William  H.  Morris,  of  the  Governor's  staff.  Ten 
companies  of  fourteen  files  appeared,  and  the  various  move 
ments  were  properly  and  promptly  executed.  After  the  dress- 
parade  the  line  wheeled  into  column  by  companies  and  marched 
past  the  reviewing  officer,  then  returning  by  column  of 
divisions.  The  alignments  in  each  case  being  such  that  there 
was  little  room  for  improvement  in  that  respect. 

During  the  month  of  April  work  on  the  armory  repairs  and 
enlargement  was  resumed.  A  hitch  in  the  appropriations  had 
caused  delay,  and  it  was  hoped  that  the  work  would  be  pushed 
to  completion.  No  drills  were  held  during  the  month.  On 
the  i gth  Company  K,  Captain  Spencer,  celebrated  its  third  an 
niversary  by  an  excursion  to  Passaic,  N.  J.,  the  company  reach 
ing  there  at  one  P.  M.  Upon  reaching  the  Town  Hall  the 
visitors  were  welcomed — on  behalf  of  the  Municipality — by 
the  President,  R.  A.  Terhune,  Esq.,  and  Councilmen  Roberts 
and  Papple.  After  partaking  of  a  generous  collation  there 
was  more  speech-making,  C.  M.  K.  Paulison,  Esq.,  speaking  for 
the  citizens,  Colonel  Braine  and  Captain  Spencer  responding 
on  behalf  of  the  guests.  After  a  short  street  parade  an  ex 
hibition  drill  was  given  in  front  of  the  Acquackanonk  House, 
which  reflected  great  credit  upon  the  command.  In  the  even 
ing  the  company  was  entertained  by  a  concert,  supplemented 
by  a  dance,  at  the  Kilgour  Lyceum.  At  midnight  the  men 
left  for  home,  tired,  but  delighted  with  their  visit. 

On  the  2 /th  of  May  about  one  hundred  of  the  War  Veter 
ans  stretched  their  legs  under  the  mahogany  at  the  Springier 
House,  to  celebrate  the  twelfth  anniversary  of  the  departure 
for  the  war.  After  supper — or  dinner— a  number  of  good 
speeches  were  made,  and  when  the  hour  of  parting  arrived  the 
comrades  separated,  all  well  pleased  with  the  occasion. 

Memorial  Day  was  duly  observed.  Lieutenant-Colonel 
Hitchcock,  with  a  detail  of  two  men  from  each  company, 


576  THK    NINTH    NEW    YORK.  1873 

in  full  uniform,  proceeding  to  Woodlawn  to  decorate  the 
graves  of  those  who  fell  in  the  Orange  riot. 

On  June  3d  the  First  division  paraded  and  was  reviewed 
by  the  Governor,  General  John  A.  Dix,  and  General  Shaler. 
The  NINTH  marched  in  its  place  with  the  Third  brigade.  On 
the  iQth  Company  F,  Captain  John  H.  Wood,  formed  part  of  the 
escort  to  the  Charlestown,  Mass.,  Cadets,  as  they  passed 
through  the  city  on  their  way  home. 

The  4th  of  July  was  celebrated  by  the  usual  parade  of  the 
First  division,  the  NINTH  assembling  at  a  quarter  to  seven 
A.  M.,  and  doing  its  share  towards  a  proper  observance  of  the 
day. 

On  the  1 5th  of  September  Company  C,  Captain  John  C. 
C.  Tallman,  paraded  at  noon  and  formed  part  of  the  escort 
to  the  Veterans  of  the  Mexican  War,  who  had  assembled  to 
celebrate  the  anniversary  of  the  Capture  of  the  City  of 
Mexico. 

On  the  24th  drills  were  resumed,  the  right  wing  meeting  for 
that  purpose,  the  left  following  on  the  26th.  In  view  of  the 
fact  that  the  drill  season  did  not  usually  begin  until  October, 
the  attendance  at  these  two  was  very  gratifying.  Some  of 
the  men  showed  a  little  rustiness  after  their  summer's  vaca 
tion,  but  that  wore  off  before  the  close  of  the  drill. 

On  Thursday,  the  i6th  of  October,  the  regiment  gave  a 
reception  in  order  to  exhibit  to  their  friends  the  remodeled 
Armory.  The  affair  was  a  most  gratifying  success  ;  numerous 
friends  assembled  in  response  to  the  invitations,  and  the  mem 
bers  felt  greatly  encouraged,  now  that  their  military  home  was 
habitable  again.  It  was  hoped  that  the  old-time  interest  in 
the  organization  would  be  revived,  and  large  accessions  made 
to  the  ranks.  On  the  2Qth  the  annual  inspection  and  review 
took  place  at  Tompkins  Square.  Five  hundred  and  forty  men 
were  present  and  fifty-five  absent,  a  loss  of  twenty-five  over 
the  previous  year,  and  much  less  than  had  been  expected. 
The  panic  in  financial  circles  had  greatly  depressed  all  enter 
prises,  and  the  National  Guard  suffered  in  consequence.  To 
t'.ie  officers  and  men  who  had  faithfully  labored  in  the  interest 


'8/4  CKI.EB RATION    OF    THE    VETERANS. 


577 


of  the  regiment  was  due  the  credit  of   the  NINTH  making  such 
a  creditable  appearance  at  this  time. 

On  the  3ist  of  December  the  treasurer's  report  showed  that 
on  the  same  date  in  1872  there  was  a  balance  on  hand  of 
$143.56  ;  received  from  all  sources  since  then,  $8,584.55,  and 
that  the  balance  on  hand  was  $1,250.58. 

1874- 

Wing  drills  were  held  on  the  evenings  of  the  i9th  and  2ist 
of  January  and  on  the  i  7th  and  2oth  of  February,  and  on  the 
two  latter  dates  the  officers  also  met  for  theoretical  instruction 
in  the  Wingate  Manual  of  loading  and  firing.  On  the  evening 
of  the  28th  a  regimental  court-martial,  Lieutenant-Colonel 
Hitchcock  presiding,  was  held,  before  whom  appeared  about  one 
hundred  men  who  had  been  charged  with  various  breaches  of 
discipline  ;  their  cases  were  all  disposed  of,  some  being  excused, 
while  others  were  fined. 

On  March  i8th  a  review  and  inspection  was  held  by 
Inspector  General  Morris. 

On  the  7th  of  April  the  regiment  and  the  Old  Guard, 
together  with  the  Washington  Gray  Troop  of  Cavalry,  paraded 
as  escort  to  the  remains  of  Lieutenant-Colonel  Thomas  T. 
Ferris,  formerly  of  the  NINTH,  who  died  in  Paris  in  December. 
The  services  were  held  in  Grace  Church  and  the  remains  were 
then  escorted  to  Brooklyn,  where  friends  received  and  con 
veyed  them  to  Greenwood  for  interment. 

Wing  drills  were  held  on  the  i2th  and  I4th  of  May,  and 
on  the  2/th  the  First  division  of  the  guard  was  reviewed  by 
the  Governor.  In  the  evening  the  Veterans  enjoyed  their  an 
niversary  dinner,  a  goodly  company  gathering  about  the  fes 
tive  board.  Among  the  notables  present,  were  Generals  John 
C.  Robinson,  Nelson  Taylor,  Abram  Duryea,  John  Hendrick- 
son  and  Allan  Rutherford  ;  and  Colonels  Charles  R.  Braine 
and  Robert  G.  Rutherford  ;  and  Major  Henry  V.  Williamson. 

On  June  4th  a  brigade  drill  was  held  in  which  the  regiment 
took  an  active  part.  Qn  the  i6th  Companies  C  and  I  paraded 
as  escort  to  the  Boston  Fusileers.  After  the  visitors  had  de 
posited  their  arms  and  baggage  at  their  headquarters — Grand 


578  THE    NINTH    NEW    YORK.  1874. 

Central  Hotel — the  rest  of  the  day  and  evening  was  devoted 
to  sight  seeing,  under  the  guidance  of  the  escort.  On  the  2gth 
occurred  the  first  International  Rifle  Shooting  Match,  at 
Creedmoor.  A  word  or  two  of  explanation  is,  however, 
necessary  : 

The  need  of  a  suitable  place  for  target  practice  had  long 
been  felt  by  the  members  of  the  National  Guard  and  others 
interested  in  marksmanship. 

CREEDMOOR, 

The  National  Rifle  Association  was  formed  on  June  2ist, 
and  was  incorporated  on  the  i5th  of  September,  1871.  As 
stated  in  the  article  of  incorporation,  "The  object  for  which 
said  association  is  formed,  is  the  improvement  of  its  members 
in  marksmanship,  and  to  promote  the  introduction  of  the 
system  of  aiming-drill  and  rifle  practice  as  part  of  the  military 
drill  of  the  National  Guard  of  this  and  other  States,  and  for 
those  purposes  to  provide  a  suitable  range  or  ranges  in  the 
vicinity  of  the  city  of  New  York." 

Of  course  it  was  expected  that  State  aid  would  be  given 
in  order  to  lease  or  purchase  and  lay  out  the  grounds  ;  on  the 
1 4th  of  May,  1872,  the  Legislature  passed  "  An  act  to  establish 
a  rifle  range  and  to  promote  skill  in  marksmanship  among  the 
National  Guard." 

Ground  was  purchased  near  Garden  City,  Queens  County, 
Long  Island,  about  fifteen  miles  from  New  York,  and  named 
Creedmoor. 

The  range  was  formally  opened  on  June  2ist,  1873. 

Inspectors  of  Rifle  Practice  were  appointed  in  regiments, 
brigades  and  divisions,  and  the  troops  ordered  to  repair  to 
Creedmoor  at  stated  times  for  rifle  practice.  Prizes  were 
awarded  those  who  made  a  certain  score  ;  much  interest  was 
manifested  in  the  new  drill,  and  special  rifle  teams  were  organ 
ized  in  most  of  the  regiments,  who  frequently  visited  the 
range  for  additional  practice. 

Although  the  National  Guard  had  no  official  part  in  the 
International  Match,  the  members  took  great  interest  in  the 


18/4  INTERNATIONAL    RIFLE    MATCH. 


5/9 


contest.  The  match  this  year  was  between  the  Irish  and 
American  teams,  and  resulted  in  favor  of  the  latter  by  three 
points.  Below  is  the  score  : 

THE   AMERICAN  TEAM. 

800  900  i  ooo 

Names.  Yards.  Yards.  Yards.  Total. 

Fulton 58  57  ,56  171 

Yale 55  56  51  162 

Bodine   54  51  53  158 

Gildersleeve 53  51  51  155 

Hepburn 53  50  46  149 

Dakin 53  45  41  139 

American  grand  total 934 

THE    IRISH    TEAM. 

800  900  i  ooo 

Names.  Yards.  Yards.  Yards.  Total. 

R'gby 58  50  55  163 

Hamilton 58  52  50  160 

Wilson 54  51  55  160 

Milner. 57  49  48  154 

Johnson 50  49  51  150 

Walker 49  55  40  144 

Irish  grand  total 931 

RECAPITULATION. 

American  score 934 

Irish  score 931 

American  Team  victorious  by 3 

The  first  target  practice  among  the  members  of  the  NINTH 
took    place    this   year,  and    before     the    International    Match 
several  of  the  members  qualified — /.  c.,  made  a  certain  score — 
as  marksmen,  which  entitled  them  to  marksmen's  badges. 

On  July  4th  the  usual  parade  was  made  in  commemoration 
of  the  Ninety-seventh  Anniversary  of  American  Independence. 

The  drill  season  of  i8/4-'5  opened  with  a  new  and  interest 
ing  feature  in  the  experience  of  the  NINTH,  that  of  firing  at 
candle-targets  without  the  use  of  powder  and  ball.  A  tin 
shield,  with  a  hole  in  it  the  size  of  a  silver  dollar,  was  placed 
ao-atnst  the  wall  ;  behind  the  shield,  and  close  to  the  hole — or 


580  THE    NINTH    NEW     YORK  1874 

bull's  eye — was  put  a  lighted  candle  ;  if  the  marksman's  aim 
was  correct,  the  wind  from  the  gun-barrel,  propelled  by  the 
exploding  cap,  was  sufficient  to  extinguish  the  light.  This 
unique  practice  enabled  the  men  to  become  good  shots. 

A  preliminary  inspection  was  held  on  the  2Oth  of  October, 
the  company  books  being  examined  by  Major  O.  F.  Wentworth. 
The  annual  review  and  inspection  occurred  a  week  later,  the 
returns  showing  that  four  hundred  and  seventy-two  were 
present  and  seventy-two  absent  ;  total,  five  hundred  and  forty- 
four — a  loss  of  fifty-one  since  the  inspection  of  1873. 

On  the  2 ist  of  November  Colonel  Braine,  who  had  been 
in  almost  continuous  service  since  1859,  resigned.  The  Col 
onel  was  noted  for  his  tactical  knowledge,  and  for  the  lucid 
manner  in  which  he  explained  the  various  movements  to  his 
subordinates. 

Charles  R.  Braine  enlisted  in  Company  B,  Twenty-third 
regiment,  October  28^,1859.  This  company  was  transferred 
to  the  NINTH  on  March  2ist,  1861,  and  on  April  gth  Sergeant 
Braine  was  elected  Second  Lieutenant,  and  promoted  June  3d 
to  First  Lieutenant ;  transferred  to  the  Signal  Corps  August 
2;th;  he  resigned  October  i2th,  1861,  and  returned  to 
civil  life.  August  7th,  1863,  ex-Lieutenant  Braine  was  elected 
Major  of  the  "home  organization,"  and  on  November  I3th, 
1865,  was  made  Lieutenant-Colonel.  June  4th,  1872,  he  was 
elected  Colonel,  succeeding  Colonel  Fisk  ;  resigned  November 
2ist,  1874. 

The  important  events  of  the  year  closed  with  a  parade  on 
the  5th  of  December,  when  the  regiment  escorted  the  remains 
of  ex-Mayor  William  F.  Havemeyer  during  the  funeral  pro 
cession.  On  the  1 8th  the  officers  met  at  the  armory  for 
instruction  in  the  "school  of  the  officer,"  under  the  direction 
of  Lieutenant-Colonel  Hitchcock. 

1875- 

On  the  ist  of  February,  in  accordance  with  regimental 
orders,  an  election  for  colonel  was  held,  resulting  in  the  choice 
of  Lieutenant-Colonel  James  R.  Hitchcock,  which  gave  general 


COLONEL   JAMES  R.   HITCHCOCK. 


THE    YANKEES    AT    DOLLYMOUXT.  581 

satisfaction  to  the  members  of  the  regiment.  At  the  same 
time  Captain  Moses  P.  L.  Montgomery  of  Company  E  was 
advanced  as  Major, and  Lieutenant-Colonel.  On  the  2Qth  of 
March,  Companies  G,  A,  K,  E  and  D,  constituting  the  right 
wing,  met  for  battalion  drill,  and  on  the3ist  the  left  wing  went 
through  the  same  movements.  During  April  each  wing 
had  two  drills,  the  right  wing  on  the  8th  and  I5th  and  the  left 
wing  on  the  Qth  and  i6th.  The  2/th  of  May  was  celebrated 
by  a  parade,  the  line  being  reviewed  by  the  Mayor  at  the  City 
Hall.  The  men  turned  out  in  good  strength  and  the  march 
ing,  especially  while  passing  in  review,  was  all  that  could  be  de 
sired.  In  the  evening  the  War  Veterans  assembled  in  force  and 
spent  the  hours  in  recounting  the  incidents  connected  with 
their  "  active  "  service  at  the  front. 

During  the  month  of  June — on  the  I4th,  i /th,  i8th,  2ist 
and  24th — the  regiment,  in  detachments  of  divisions,  visited 
Creedmoor  for  rifle  practice. 

On  Monday,  July  5th,  the  NINTH  took  part  in  the  parade 
in  honor  of  the  Ninety-ninth  Anniversary  of  American  Inde 
pendence.  On  the  /th  it  was  announced  in  regimental  orders, 
that  by  an  amendment  to  the  Military  Code,  those  who  had 
served  a  full  term  in  the  National  Guard  would  be  permitted 
to  reenlist  for  one  year — or  more  ;  also  that  two  badges,  valued 
at  one  hundred  and  fifty  dollars,  had  been  provided  by  the 
Veterans  of  the  Regiment,  to  be  presented  to  the  two  members 
of  the  active  regiment  who  would  obtain  the  largest  number  of 

o  *-> 

recruits  during  the  year  ending  with  the  next  annual  inspec 
tion. 

On  the  1 2th  of  July  Captain  George  E.  Harding,  Inspector 
of  Rifle  Practice,  organized  a  rifle  team  of  members  of  the 
regiment.  On  August  23d  the  regiment  paraded  at  the  recep 
tion  of  the  American  Team,  upon  their  return  from  Ireland, 
where,  at  Dollymount,  the  Yankees  had  again  defeated  the 
Irish  Team.  Where  the  Americans  were  victorious  by  only 
three  points  the  year  before  at  Creeclmoor,  this  time  they  had 
thirty-eight  over  their  opponents.  .  The  score  was  as  follows  : 


582  THE    NINTH    NEW    YORK.  1875 

THE  AMERICAN  TEAM. 

800  900  i  ,000 

Names.  Yards.  Yards.  Yards.  Total. 

Gildersleeve 56  56  52  164 

Yale 57  52  51  160 

Fulton 58  57  46  161 

Coleman 56  48  52  156 

Bodine 52  59  51  162 

Dakin 58  55  51  164 

American  grand  total 967 

THE  IRISH  TEAM. 

800  900  i  ,000 

Names.                              Yards.  Yards.  Yards.  Total. 

Wilson 58  50  55  163 

Hamilton 56  54  51  161 

McKenna 52  44  53  149 

Milner 55  37  4'  133 

Johnson 58  53  51  162 

Pollock 59  53  49  161 

Irish  grand  total 929 

RECAPITULATION. 

American  score 967 

Irish  score 929 

American  Team  victorious  by 38 

On  the  6th  and  i  ;th  of  September  the  right  and  left  wings, 
respectively,  proceeded  to  Creedmoor  for  rifle  practice.  On 
October  I3th  the  Governor  reviewed  the  division,  the  troops 
turning  out  in  good  numbers  and  making  a  fine  appearance. 
On  the  2 ist  the  annual  muster  and  inspection  took  place,  and 
the  result  of  the  active  work  done  by  the  members  was  shown 
in  the  increase  of  two  hundred  and  eighty-seven  men  over  the 
previous  year. 

November  27th  the  regiment  paraded  as  part  of  the  funeral 
escort  to  the  remains  of  Henry  Wilson,  late  Vice-President  of 
the  United  States.  On  the  ist  of  December  the  Board  of 
Officers  adopted  the  new  regulation  sword,  the  new  style  of 
shako  and  red  plume. 


1876  CENTENNIAL    OF    AMERICAN    INDEPENDENCE.  583 

18/6. 

On  the  1 4th  of  February  an  election  for  Major  resulted  in 
the  unanimous  choice  of  Captain  John  T.  Fryer,  of  Company 
G.  From  the  loth  to  the  2/th  of  April  drills  by  three  com 
panies  were  held  each  evening  in  the  armory.  In  May  two  wing 
drills  were  held,  and  on  the  i /th  of  the  month  the  regiment 
assembled  for  inspection.  On  the  27th  the  War  Veterans  dis 
cussed  their  annual  dinner  at  the  Union  Square  Hotel.  On 
the  29th  of  the  month,  and  on  the  I2th  and  23d  of  June,  the 
regiment,  in  detachments,  went  to  Creedmoor  for  target 
practice. 

The  celebration  of  the  Centennial  of  American  Inde 
pendence  had  been  the  subject  of  much  thought  and  elaborate 
preparation.  In  obedience  to  regimental  orders  the  NINTH 
assembled  at  the  armory  at  half-past  seven  on  the  evening  of 
the  3d,  and  at  eight  o'clock  marched  to  the  rendezvous  of 
the  Second  brigade,  on  Twenty-first  Street,  west  of  Third 
Avenue.  The  procession  consisted  of  nine  divisions,  each 
formed  in  the  streets  between  Eighth  and  Twenty-third 
Streets,  with  the  right  resting  on  Third  Avenue. 

From  the  Herald  (New  York)  the  following  account  of  the 
formation  of  the  column  has  been  taken. 

FIRST  DIVISION. 

Platoon  of  Police. 
Band — Eben,  Leader. 

Independent  Troop  of  Cavalry,  Bearing  Torches. 

Major-General  Alexander  Shaler,  Chief-Marshal. 

Major-General  Franz  Sigel,  Assistant  Chief-Marshal. 

Aides. 

Col.  Henry  A.  Gildersleeve.  Col.  L.  H.  Rowan. 

Col.  Carl  Jussen.  Mr.  Henry  R.  McElligott. 

Col.  A.  W.  Sheldon.  Gen.  George  W.  Palmer. 

Col.  C.  B.  Mitchell.  Gen.  O.  V.  Daton. 

Col.  Edgar  B.  Van-Winkle.  Mr.  A.  G.  Bogert. 

Lt.-Col.  W.  B.  Farrell.  Col.  Frank  E.  Howe. 

Lt.-Col.  J.  B.  Probst.  Hon.  David  W  Judd. 

Major  A.  Belknap,  Jr.  Mr.  C.  Volney  King. 

Major  Charles  A.  Post.  Capt.  George  \V.  Laird. 

Capt.  Elijah  Alliger.  Mr.  Chas.  D.  Pratt. 


584  THE    NINTH    NEW     VURK.  1876 

Lt.-Col.  George  McClure.  Mr.  Jose  G.  Garcia. 

Gen.  Kilburn  Knox.  Capt.  Richard  M.  Bruno. 

Mr.  Alonzo  Alford.  Col.  H.  Clay  Preston. 

Gen.  N.  Gano  Dunn.  Mr.  Edwin  M.  Felt. 

Mr.  James  C.  Gary.  Mr.  Charles  A.  Schermerhorn. 

Col.  George  W.  Wingate.  Mr.  J.  Frank  Russell. 

Hon.  N.  P.  Stanton.  Gen.  Anson  G.  McCook. 

Capt.  William  Lindsay.  Mr.  Robt  Johnson. 

Mr.  J.  H.  Savage.  Capt.  J.  C.  Julius  Langbein. 

Mr.  W.  R.  Hedden.  Major  Wm.  H.  Quincy. 

Mr.  J.  J.  Burnett.  Captain  Maxwell. 

Mr.  J.  R.  Voorhies.  Gen.  Jos.   C.  Jackson. 

Mr.  D.  W.  Freeman.  Mr.  Thos.  Thomell. 

Mr.  Abraham  W.  Keggett.  Mr.  L.  E.  J.  Rudd. 

Mr.  C.  H.  Tucker.  Gen.  John  A.  Foster. 

Col.  William  P.  Roome.  Col.  Alfred  Wagstaff. 

Gen.  Martin  T.  McMahon.  Col.  E.  L.  Gaul. 

Major  Thos.  L.  Raymond.  Col.  H.  J.  Cullum. 
Capt.  Wm.  P.  Russell. 

Washington  Gray  Troop  of  Cavalry,  bearing  torches,    Captain    Lorenzo  T.  Baker, 

commanding. 

Third  brigade  N.  G.  S.  N.  V. 

Brigadier-General  Joshua  M.  Varian  and  staff. 

Eighth  regiment,  Colonel  George  D.  Scott. 

Sixty-ninth  regiment,  Colonel  Jas.  Cavanagh. 

First   brigade  N.  G.  S.  N.  Y. 

Brigadier-General  Wm.  G.  Ward  and  staff. 

Fifth  regiment,  Colonel  Chas.  S.  Spencer. 

Twelfth  regiment,  Colonel  John  Ward,  Jr. 

Battalion  Twenty-second   regiment. 

Second  brigade  N.  G.  S.  N.  Y. 

Brigadier-General  Frederick  Vilmar  and  staff. 

NINTH  regiment.  Colonel  Jas.  R.  Hitchcock. 

Eleventh  regiment,  Colonel  Fred.  Unbekant. 

Seventy-first  regiment,  Colonel  Richard  Vose. 

SECOND  DIVISION. 

Band  of  Music. 
Major  Geo.  W.  Sauer,  Marshal,  and  aides. 

Centennial  Saenger  Verbund. 

Lieder-Kranz,  Arion,  New  York    Saenger-Bund,  Beethoven-Maennerchor,  Arion  of 
Williamsburgh,    New  York  Maennerchor,  New  York  Schiller  Bund,  Heine- 
Bund,  and  New  York  Turn-Verein. 


1876  ORDER    OF    THK     PROCESSION.  585 

THIRD  DIVISION. 

Band  of  Music. 
Gen.  Jos.  C.  Pinckney,  Marshal,  and  aides. 

Washington  Continental  Guard. 

Posts  of  the  Grand  Army  of  the  Republic,  as  follows  : 
Sumner,  No.  24.  Dahlgren,  No.  113. 

Sedgwick,  No.  186.  Geo.  G.  Meacle,  No.  38. 

E.  A.  Kimball,  No.  100.  Cameron,  No.  79, 

Phil.  Kearny,  No.  8.  Reno,  No.  44. 

Robt.  Anderson,  No.  58.  J.  L.  Riker,  No.  62. 

John  A.  Rawlins,  No.  80.  E.  T.  Lloyd,  No.  90. 

Sub- Division  (Colored ) . 

Col.  Wm.  Blaines,  Marshal,  and  aides. 

Battalion  of    Skidmore  Guards,    Major    Browne ;  Mount  Calvary,  Sons  of    Morgan, 
Commonwealth,  Mercantile,  Public  Waiters,  So  ns  of  Robertson,  Union 
Social,  Union  Benevolent,  Railroad  Porters,  United  Benevolent, 
Grand  Centennial,  Young  Men's  Christian,  United  Coach 
men  Associations  and  Public  School  children. 

FOURTH  DIVISION. 

Band  of  Music. 

Mr.  P.  Pennelli,  Marshal,  and  aides. 

Columbo  Guard,  Captain  Cavagnaro. 
Societa-Unione.  Societa-Donnarumma. 

Societa-Campora.  Societa-Firenza. 

Club-Lombardo.  Societa-Cittadins. 

Sub-Division . 

Band  of  Music. 

Col.  Juan  M.  Maeir,  Marshal,  and  aides. 
Indepentia  de  Cuba. 

Sub-Division. 

Band  of  Music. 

Major  Louis  Hadi,  Marshal,  and  aides. 
Swedish  Societies. 

FIFTH  DIVISION. 

Band  of  Music. 

Col.  A.  Singles,  Marshal,  and  aides. 
New  York  City  Schuetzen  Corps,  Captain  Gerdes, 
New  York  Schuetzen  Guikle.  Captain  Best. 

New  York  Schuetzen  Company,  Captain  Bauer. 

Verein  Deutscher  Patrioten  of  1848  and  1849,  General  Max  Weber,  President. 
Badischer  K.  U.  Verein,  J.  Frey,  President. 

Hacller  Club,  Boehmischer  Verein. 
La  Nacional  Spanish  Benevolent  Society. 


586  THE    NINTH    NEW    YORK. 

Sub-Division . 

Band  of  Music. 

Lieut.-Col.  Williams,  Marshal,  and  aides. 

Plattdeutscher  Volksfest  Verein,  J.  Geusch,  President. 

Centennial  K.  U.  Bund,  James  Bender,  President. 

Order  Germania,  William  Bockel,  Grand  President. 

SIXTH   DIVISION. 

Band  of  Music. 

Bartholomew  Clarkin,  Marshal,  and  aides. 

Father    Mathew,    No.    5,  Transfiguration,    St.    Gabriel,    St.    Bridget,  St.    Anthony, 
St.  Joseph,  Roman  Catholic,    Holy  Innocents,  St.  Alphonsus,  St.  Paul  the 
Apostle,  St.  Patrick,  St.  John  the  Evangelist,  Young  Men's,  St.  Col 
umbia,   St.   Vincent-Ferrer's,    Father    Mathew,  No.  3,  and 
Father  Mathew,  No.   i,  R.  C.  T.  A.  B.  Associations. 

Knights  of  St.  Patrick. 
St.  Patrick's  M.  A.  and  B.  Association. 

SEVENTH  DIVISION. 

Band  of  Music. 

Lieut.  E.  H.  Graeme,  Marshal,  and  aides. 
Carpenters'  and  Joiners'  Centennial  Association,  A.  Smith   President. 

William  Cullen  Bryant  Club. 
Chelsea  Section,  No.  12,  Cadets  of  Temperance,  Amerigo  Club. 

New  York  Firemens"  Sons'  Association. 
Medona  H.  and  L.  Co.,  No.  3,  West  New  Brighton,  S.  I. 

The  Lively  Eight  Coterie. 

Machinists  and  Blacksmiths  of  New  York. 

Journeymen  Plasterers'  Trade  Society. 

Bricklayers'  National  Union,  No.  4. 

EIGHTH  DIVISION. 

Band  of  Music. 

Patrick  Reilly,  Marshal,  and  aides. 
Forty  Divisions  of  the  Ancient  Order  of  Hibernians 

NINTH  DIVISION. 

Band  of  Music. 

Capt.  Henry  Schneider,  Marshal,  and  aides. 

West  Side  Centennial  Association,  of  fifty  societies. 

Platoon  of  Police. 

It  was  not  until  about  ten  o'clock  that  the  NINTH  moved 
into  Third  Avenue,  down  which  it  attempted  to  march  in 
column  of  companies  ;  such  was  the  dense  throng  of  happy, 
liberty-loving  people,  however,  that  after  several  mild  attempts 
to  obtain  the  necessary  space,  the  egiment  was  compelled  to 
proceed  in  column  of  fours. 


1876  T1IK    LINE    OF    MARCH.  587 

The  inhabitants  of  the  whole  east  side  of  the  city  seemed  to 
be  massed  in  the  Avenue  and  the  Bowery,  and  so  closely  packed 
from  the  houses  outward  to  the  line  of  procession,  that  at  times 
it  was  found  difficult  to  obtain  room  enough  even  for  a  front 
of  four  men.  The  weather  was  all  that  could  be  desired  for  an 
evening  parade,  and  the  people  along  the  line  of  march  sang 
and  shouted  to  their  hearts'  content.  Discipline  in  the  ranks 
was  not  enforced  and  the  soldiers  joined  heartily  in  the 
enthusiasm  of  the  citizens. 

When  the  column  arrived  at  Broome  Street  it  marched 
through  it  into  Broadway,  and  when  that  thoroughfare  was 
reached  company  front  was  maintained.  Mothers  were  noticed 
on  door-steps,  fast  asleep  with  their  infants  in  their  arms,  hav 
ing  become  wearied  by  long  waiting  for  the  great  procession. 
The  buildings,  both  public  and  private,  along  the  line  of  march 
were  gaily  decorated  and  the  windows  illuminated.  Upon 
arriving  at  Thirteenth  Street  the  column  turned  west  and  into 
Fifth  Avenue,  up  which  the  march  was  continued  to  its  inter 
section  with  Broadway,  thence  to  Thirty-fourth  Street,  to  Fifth 
Avenue,  to  Twenty-sixth  Street,  to  Madison  Avenue,  to 
Twenty-third  Street,  to  Fourth  Avenue,  to  Union  Square. 

A  reviewing  stand  had  been  erected  in  front  of  the  Fifth 
Avenue  Hotel,  which  was  occupied  by  Mayor  William  H. 
Wickham,  and  a  host  of  lesser  dignitaries,  and  invited  guests. 
The  NINTH  reached  the  square  just  as  the  cannon  boomed,  and 
the  bells  rung  out  the  hour  of  midnight.  The  Centennial  4th 
of  July  was  thus  ushered  in,  amid  the  tumultuous  plaudits  of 
the  people.  For  awhile,  until  the  cannon  ceased  firing,  the 
bells  stopped  ringing  and  the  noise  of  exploding  fireworks 
died  away,  nothing  further  could  be  done  with  the  regular 
programme.  At  last  comparative  quiet  was  restored,  when, 
first,  three  hundred  musicians  from  military  bands,  under  the 
leadership  of  Professor  Harvey  B.  Dodworth,  played  the 
National  Anthem,  "  Hail  Columbia."  During  the  rendering 
of  this  piece  a  great  display  of  aerial  fireworks  took  place. 
The  second  selection  of  music  was  "The  Heavens  are  Telling," 
by  the  Beethoven,  New  York,  and  Centennial  Saenger  Ver- 


588  THE    NINTH    NEW    YORK.  1876 

bund  societies,  five  hundred  voices,  under  the  direction  of  Carl 
Traeger.  Next  the  populace,  under  the  leadership  of  Mr.  S. 
P.  Warren,  sang  the  "  Star  Spangled  Banner,"  after  which  the 
bands  played  a  medley  of  patriotic  airs  and  the  "official  cele 
bration"  was  at  an  end.  At  about  two  o'clock,  the  NINTH 
marched  back  to  the  armory.  Few,  however,  sought  their 
homes,  the  men  breaking  up  into  little  parties  and  spending 
the  rest  of  the  night  in  feasting  and  frolic.  When  daylight  of 
the  4th  appeared  there  was  scarcely  a  door-step  but  contained 
one  or  more  sleepers  ;  unable  to  obtain  transportation  on  the 
cars,  and  too  tired  to  walk  to  their  homes,  thousands  of  men 
women  and  children  slept  for  hours,  in  whatever  place  they 
happened  to  deposit  their  tired  bodies. 

On  the  4th  the  exercises  were  continued  at  the  Academy 
of  Music,  at  eleven  o'clock  A.  M.,  the  following  being  the 
programme  : 

1.  Hymn  by  Schubert,  N.  Y.  and  Centennial  Saenger  Verbund. 

2.  Prayer  by  Rev.  William  Adams,  D.D. 

3.  Reading  of  the  Declaration  of  Independence,  Geo.  Vandenhoff. 

4.  Centennial  Ode,  words  by  Wm.  Cullen  Bryant;  music  by  J.  Mosenthal. 

5.  Oration  by  Rev.  R.  S.  Storrs,  D.D. 

6.  "  The  Song  of  1876,"  by  Bayard  Taylor;  music  by  E.  Kollner. 

General  Rush  C.  Hawkins  was  Chairman  of  the  Centennial 
Committee,  and  was  ably  assisted  by  his  associates.  General 
Alexander  Shaler,  Hon.  Henry  Havemeyer  and  Messrs.  Thur- 
low  Weed,  Willy  Wallach,  and  Paul  Goepel.  The  Seventh 
and  Twenty-third,  and  a  battalion  of  the  Twenty-second 
regiments,  celebrated  the  day  in  Philadelphia 

On  the  last  day  of  July,  and  the  I4th  and  24th  of  August 
the  regiment,  by  detachments,  visited  Creedmoor  for  further 
practice  in  target  firing.  On  the  gth  of  September  the  NINTH 
formed  part  of  an  escort  to  a  brigade  of  Connecticut  militia  as 
it  passed  thfough.  the  city  on  its  way  home  from  the  Centennial 
Exhibition  at  Philadelphia,  whither  they  had  gone  at  the  expense 
of  the  State.  A  spirit  of  friendly  rivalry  always  existed — and 
for  the  good  of  the  service  still  exists — between  the  guards 
men  of  the  various  States,  and  the  New  Yorkers  "  put  their 


1876  VISIT    OF    CONNECTICUT    MILITIA.  589 

best  foot  forward  "  while  'escorting  their  comrades  from  the 
"  Nutmeg "  State.  With  pardonable  magnanimity  some  of 
the  New  York  citizens  said  they  thought  that  the  Connecticut 
boys  rather  "took  the  shine"  from  their  hosts. 

The  Governor  reviewed  the  division  on  the  3d  of  October, 
and  on  the  i  7th  the  annual  muster  and  inspection  took  place, 
eight  hundred  and  four  being  present  out  of  a  total  of  eight 
hundred  and  ninety-six,  a  gain  of  sixty-five  over  the  large 
increase  of  the  previous  year.  The  year  closed  with  a  Grand 
Hop,  given  at  the  armory  for  the  benefit  of  the  band,  on  the 
1 3th  of  December. 


590  THE    XINTII    NEW    YORK.  1877 


CHAPTER     XXVIII. 

THE   WEST    ALBANY   CAMPAIGN. 

1877. 

Battalion  Drills. — Company  D  Visits  New  Haven,  Conn. — Labor  Strikes. — National 
Guard  Ordered  Out. — "Excursion"  of  the  Eighth  Regiment. — The  NINTH 
Assembles. — Difficulty  of  Procuring  Rations. — Delmonico  to  the  '  Rescue. — 
The  NINTH  ordered  to  Albany. — Arrival  There. — Supper  at  the  Delavan. — 
Quartered  in  Martin  Hall. — Arrival  of  Reinforcements. — The  Regiment  at 
West  Albany. — Posting  Guards. — The  Troops  Present. — Colonel  Hitchcock  in 
Command  of  the  Post. — Camp  Carr. — Hardships  of  the  Campaign. — A  Mock 
Funeral. — The  Governor  Visits  the  Post. — Fraternal  Relations  with  the  Albany 
and  Troy  Troops. — Review  in  the  Capital  City. — A  Bloodless  Campaign. — Return 
to  New  York. — The  "  Home  Guard." — Strength  of  the  Regiment. — Register  of 
Officers. — Reception  of  the  First  Connecticut. — -Tournament  of  The  National 
Rifle  Association. — Fall  Inspection. — Preliminary  Steps  towards  a  History  of  the 
NINTH. 

TOURING  the  month  of  April,  on  the  4th,  5th  and  roth, 
battalion  drills  were  held  in  the  Armory.  On  the  i2th  of 
June,  Company  D,  Captain  George  Auld,  upon  invitation  of 
Company  D,  Second  Connecticut  regiment,  left  for  New 
Haven,  where,  on  the  I3th,  they  were  handsomely  entertained, 
and  returned  to  New  York  on  the  i4th,  delighted  with  the 
recollections  of  the  trip. 

Since  the  riots  of  1871,  the  National  Guard  of  the  State 
had  not  been  called  upon  to  support  the  civil  authorities  in  the 
enforcement  of  the  laws,  or  protect  public  or  private  property 
from  destruction  at  the  hands  of  lawless  mobs.  But  when  the 
"  Labor  Strikes  "  on  the  railroads  and  in  the  mining  districts 
assumed  alarming  proportions  during  the  summer  of  1877,  the 
militia  were  ordered  out.  From  the  Annual  Cyclopaedia  for 
that  year  we  copy  the  following,  which  will  show  the  cause  of 
the  disturbance. 


iS;/  LABOR    STRIKES.  59! 

The  most  grievous  conflict  between  employers  and  the  employed,  and  the  most 
extensive  if  not  the  most  disastrous  riots  which  the  country  has  witnessed,  occurred 
during  the  months  of  July  and  August,  1877,  in  consequence  of  the  dissatisfaction  of 
the  railroad  employes  on  several  of  the  lines  with  the  reduction  of  ten  per  cent,  in 
their  wages,  which  had  been  made  generally  throughout  the  country  in  June  and 
July.  The  commencement  of  the  trouble  was  the  strike  of  the  train-hands  on  the 
Baltimore  and  Ohio  railroad,  begun  on  the  i4th  of  July.  It  spread  rapidly  over  almost 
all  of  the  Northern  roads  between  the  Mississippi  and  New  England.  The  strikers  took 
forcible  possession  of  the  tracks  at  all  the  principal  junctions  and  prevented  the  for 
warding  of  any  goods,  and  in  many  cases  forbade  the  passing  of  passenger-trains. 
For  several  days  the  whole  internal  commerce  of  the  country  was  interrupted.  It  was 
not  until  the  last  of  the  month  that  the  transportation  lines  could  generally  resume 
their  business.  To  rescue  the  railways  from  the  lawless  usurpation  of  the  striking 
hands,  the  militia  forces  were  called  out,  and  in  States  where  these  were  unable  or 
unwilling  to  confront  the  law-breakers,  United  States  troops  were  sent  to  their  assist 
ance.  In  the  large  cities  and  manufacturing  towns  of  the  West,  riotous  demonstra 
tions  and  uprisings  of  the  laboring  classes  occurred,  and  a  number  of  unfortunate 
encounters  took  place  between  the  mob  and  the  militia,  police,  and  armed  bands  of 
citizens,  in  which  hundreds  were  injured  or  killed.  In  the  height  of  the  strike  there  were 
at  least  100,000  men  out,  and  six  or  seven  thousands  of  miles  of  railroad  were  from 
first  to  last  in  the  hands  of  th;  strikers,  including  the  four  great  trunk  lines — the  New 
York  Central  and  its  connections,  controlled  by  Mr.  Wm.  H.  Vanderbilt ;  the  Erie 
system,  managed  by  receiver  H.  J.  Je\vett ;  the  Pennsylvania  railroad  and  continuations, 
managed  by  Mr.  Thomas  A.  Scott,  and  the  Baltimore  and  Ohio  and  connections, 
under  the  control  of  Mr.  Robert  Garrett. 

On  the  22nd  of  July,  the  Twenty-third  regiment,  from 
Brooklyn,  left  for  Hornellsville,  where  the  first  overt  act  on  the 
part  of  the  rioters  occurred  in  New  York  State.  On  the  23d 
Governor  Lucius  Robinson,  by  telegraph,  ordered  the  whole 
National  Guard  of  the  State  out  for  duty,  the  men  to  be  at 
their  several  regimental  or  company  armories,  armed  and 
equipped,  and  ready  to  move  to  any  point  at  a  moment's  notice. 
On  the  2>th  the  Eighth  regiment  from  New  York  was  ordered 

*_/  o  o 

to  Buffalo,  but  upon  arriving  at  Syracuse  was  ordered  to  remain 
there,  #s  the  anticipated  trouble  at  Buffalo  was  no  longer 
feared.  Before  the  Eighth  returned  home  they  visited 
Niagara  Falls,  by  invitation  of  the  President  of  the  N.  Y. 
Central  railroad,  and  had  a  delightful  time  while  inspecting 
that  wonder  of  the  world. 

By  half-past  nine  in  the  evening  of  the  23d,  a  large  number 
of  the  NINTH  had  assembled  at  the  armory.  The  non-com 
missioned  officers  had  been  busy  for  some  hours  notifying  the 


592  THE    NINTH    NEW     YORK.  1877 

men,  but  as  many  lived  in  the  northern  part  of  the  city,  or  on 
Staten  Island,  they  did  not  reach  headquarters  till  a  later  hour. 
By  morning  of  the  24th,  six  hundred  and  six  men  answered 
roll-call.  No  arrangements  had  been  made  to  feed  the  men, 
and  hotel  and  restaurant  keepers  generally  refused  to  supply 
rations,  for  fear  of  the  resentment  of  the  mob.  Delmonico, 
however,  resolved  to  run  the  risk,  and  upon  the  request  of 
Colonel  Hitchcock,  furnished  the  regiment  with  a  good 
breakfast. 

The  forenoon  was  spent  in  preparations  for  active  service, 
but  inasmuch  as  the  men  were  unprovided  with  either  over 
coats,  blankets,  knapsacks  or  canteens,  it  was  pretty  clear  that 
"somebody"  had  neglected  his  duty,  and  the  men  wondered 
how  they  could  be  expected  to  render  efficient  service  without 
being  properly  equipped.  Towards  noon  the  following  tele 
gram  was  received  by  General  Shaler  : 

GENERAL  HEADQUARTERS,  STATE  OF  NEW  YORK, 
ADJUTANT-GENERAL'S  OFFICE, 

Albany,  N.  Y..July  2\th,  1877. 
SPECIAL  ORDERS,  ) 
No.  77.  \ 

Major-General  Alexander  SHALER,  Commanding  First  division,  N.  G.  S.  N.  Y.,  is 
hereby  ordered  to  forward  the  NINTH  regiment  N.  G.  S.  N.  Y.,  fully  uniformed, 
armed  and  equipped,  to  the  city  of  Albany  immediately ;  its  commanding  officer 
directed  to  report  to  Major-General  JOSEPH  B.  CARR,  commanding  Third  division  N.G. 
whose  headquarters  are  in  this  city  ;  each  man  will  be  supplied  with  forty  rounds  of 
ball  cartridge.  The  agent  of  the  N.  Y.  Central  and  Hudson  R.  R.  Co.  will  furnish 
transportation  on  application  of  the  commanding  officer. 

By  order  of  the  Commander-in-Chief, 

FRANKLIN  TOWNSEND, 
Adjutant-General. 

Line  was  formed  at  a  quarter  to  four  o'clock,  the  men  in 
fatigue  uniform,  and  armed  with  breach-loading  rifles.  Upon 
reaching  the  Grand  Central  Depot,  General  Daniel  D.  Wylie, 
ordnance  officer,  directed  the  issuance  of  20,000  rounds  of  ball 
cartridge  to  the  regimental  quartermaster,  Edgar  F.  Wait. 
At  five  o'clock  the  train  started,  Poughkeepsie  being  the  first 
stopping-place,  where  six  hundred  sandwiches  were  issued  and 
eagerly  devoured  by  the  hungry  soldiers.  A  despatch  from 


1877  STARTING    FOR    THE    PLACE    OF    TROUBLE.  593 

J.  M.  Toucey, Superintendent  of  the  Hudson  River  railroad,  an 
nounced  that  a  mob,  numbering  some  seven  hundred,  had  crossed 
the  river  from  Albany  and  taken  forcible  possession  of  the 
railroad  at  Greenbush.  The  train  proceeded  as  far  as  Hudson, 
where  a  despatch  was  received  from  General  Joseph  B.  Carr, 
directing  the  regiment  to  report  to  him  for  orders  as  soon  as  it 
arrived  at  Greenbush.  When  the  train  left  Hudson,  company 
commanders  were  ordered  to  see  that  the  window  blinds  were 
closed  and  the  lights  turned  down,  so  that  the  train  of  armed 
men  might  be  mistaken  for  a  freight  train,  in  the  darkness,  and 
be  enabled  to  approach  the  scene  of  disturbance  without  mo 
lestation.  When  the  ball  cartridges  were  distributed  several 
of  the  men,  who  had  never  handled  such  things  before,  became 
somewhat  nervous  for  fear  they  might  "go  off"  and  hurt 
somebody. 

Upon  arriving  at  Greenbush,  a  large  crowd  of  men  were 
found  on  the  railroad  and  about  the  railroad  buildings,  but, 
save  for  a  "  few  remarks,"  not  at  all  complimentary  to  the 
railroad  or  military  authorities,  they  were  orderly  and  peace 
able.  Company  F,  one  hundred  strong,  Captain  William  P. 
Walton,  commanding:,  was  ordered  to  clear  the  railroad  bridge, 

t>  O       ' 

spanning  the  river,  of  the  people,  and  any  other  obstructions 
found  upon  it,  in  order  that  the  train  might  cross  over  to 
Albany.  This  was  accomplished  without  any  trouble,  the 
crowd  merely  threatening  that  "to-morrow"  they  would  show 
the  authorities  what  they  would  do.  At  nine  o'clock  the 
regiment  was  safely  over  the  river,  and  after  a  hurried  supper 
at  the  Delavan  House,  the  NINTH,  in  column  of  twos,  marched 
to  Martin  Hall,  where  the  men  were  to  spend  the  night.  It 
is  needless  to  say  that  the  citizens  of  Albany  felt  much 
relieved  when  they  saw  the  regiment  marching  through 
Broadway  and  up  State  Street  to  their  temporary  quarters. 
It  was  noticed,  on  passing  some  of  the  armories  of  the  local 
guardsmen  on  State  Street,  that  the  men  were  on  duty,  and 
ready  for  any  emergency. 

After  entering  their  quarters,  thirty  men,  under  Captain 
George  A.  Hussey,  officer  of  the  day,  and  Lieutenant  Charles 


594  TIIE    NINTH    NEW    YORK.  1877 

L.  Housman,  officer  of  the  guard,  were  detailed  for  guard  duty, 
with  instructions  to  allow  no  one  to  enter  or  leave  the  building. 

o 

The  excitement  of  the  past  twenty-four  hours  and  loss  of  sleep 
the  previous  night  having  worn  out  the  boys  somewhat,  the 
whole  of  the  regiment  were  soon  asleep  and  enjoying  the  much 
needed  repose. 

During  the  night  the  guards  were  on  the  alert,  and  they 
were  accosted  by  a  number  of  men  who,  apparently,  were 
seeking  information  in  the  interest  of  the  strikers,  for  they 
seemed  anxious  to  know  whether  or  not  ball  cartridges  had 
been  issued  to  the  regiment,  and  if  they  would  obey  the 
command  to  fire.  About  midnight  a  supply  of  canteens  arrived, 
and  wsre  distributed  to  the  men.  The  war  veterans  in  the 
regiment  instructed  the  novices  how  to  fill  these,  and  as— 
water-— was  plenty,  the  lesson  was  soon  learned. 

By  daylight  of  the  25th,  a  detachment  of  seventy-five  men, 
who  were  not  able  to  leave  New  York  with  the  regiment, 

o 

arrived.  At  a  quarter  past  four  the  drum  corps — thirty 
strong — beat  the  reveille,  awakening,  not  alone  the  members 
of  the  regiment,  but  the  whole  neighborhood  as  well.  At 
half-past  five  the  men  marched  to  the  Delavan  House  for 
breakfast,  and  an  hour  later  boarded  a  train,  arriving  shortly 
after  at  West  Albany,  some  three  miles  distant.  General 
Carr  and  staff  accompanied  the  NINTH.  The  importance  of 
West  Albany  to  the  railroad  interests  will  be  seen,  when  it  is 
known  that  at  that  point  are  located  the  construction  and 
repair  shops  of  the  New  York  Central  and  Hudson  River 
railroads,  the  immense  live  stock  yards,  and  side  tracks  for 
freight  trains.  When  the  NINTH  arrived  there  the  loaded 
freight  cars  standing  upon  the  tracks,  would,  if  placed  upon  a 
single  line,  have  covered  about  thirty  miles,  and  the  rioters 
had  rendered  it  impossible  for  the  officials  to  move  them,  either 
east  or  west.  Besides  this,  passenger  traffic  had  been  impeded, 
the  only  trains  allowed  to  pass  being  those  bearing  the  U.  S. 
mails.  Already  an  immense  amount  of  money  had  been  lost 
-on  account  of  perishable  freight,  and  the  interruption  to  travel 
was  more  than  could  be  estimated  at  a  money  value. 


lS/7  AT    WEST    ALBANY.  595 

When  the   regiment    ^ot  off  the   cars,  the    mob  which   had 

o  o 

congregated,  about  a  thousand  strong,  quietly  withdrew  from 
the  station  and  from  the  limits  of  the  railroad  "yard."  Com 
panies  A  and  F,  Captains  Cottman  and  Walton,  were  posted 
at  the  eastern  end  ;  Companies  E  and  I,  Captains  Japha  and 
Hussey,  were  detailed,  under  command  of  Major  John  T.  Fryer, 
to  guard  the  main  tracks  near  the  school-house,  while  Com 
pany  U,  Captain  Auld,  was  sent  to  the  western  end  of  the 
"yard."  The  balance  of  the  regiment  was  held  in  reserve  at 
headquarters,  under  the  bridge  that  crosses  the  "yard"  at 
about  its  center.  Companies  A,  B  and  F,  of  the  Tenth  regi 
ment,  under  the  command  of  Colonel  Amasa  J.  Parker,  Jr.,  the 
Fourth  separate  company,  (Tibbett's  Corps)  of  Troy,  Captain 
and  Brevet  Colonel  Joseph  Egolf,  commanding,  and  the  Sixth 
separate  company,  (Troy  Citizens'  Corps)  Captain  and  Brevet- 
Colonel  James  W.  Cusack,  commanding,  were  also  on  the 
ground,  and  with  the  NINTH  were  under  the  command  of 
Colonel  Hitchcock.  The  men  had  been  ordered  to  pay  no  at 
tention  to  "wordy  "  insults  from  the  mob,  nor  even  to  fire  upon 
them  in  return  for  j  ersonal  assaults  unless  life  was  taken  ; 
then  the  commanding  officer  nearest  the  scene  of  disturbance 
was  to  exercise  his  best  judgment  in  repelling  the  assault  and 
quelling  the  outbreak. 

As  soon  as  the  troops  had  been  posted,  the  railroad 
authorities  began  to  prepare  to  move  the  1  rains,  and  in  a 
short  time  comparative  quiet  reigned  about  the  neighborhood. 
The  first  disturbing  element  came  in  a  force  of  men  who 

O 

occupied  the  roofs  of  a  freight  train  coming  in  from  Albany, 
and  who  endeavored  to  enter  the  "yard,"  but  companies  B,  G 
and  K  of  the  NINTH  immediately  advanced  towards  the  train 
as  it  came  to  a  stop,  and  the  would-be  rioters  beat  a  hasty 
retreat.  Companies  E  and  I  were  also  obliged  to  disperse  a 
mob  which  gathered  about  their  outpost,  but  that  was 
accomplished  without  a  resort  to  extreme  measures.  During 
the  day  the  railroad  employes  held  meetings  at  the  Capitol 
Park  in  Albany,  and  in  a  grove  near  the  "yard"  at  West 
Albany,  at  which  several  inflammatory  speeches  were  made. 


596  THE    NINTH    NEW    YORK.  1877 

But  wiser  councils  prevailed  and  no  attempt  was  made  to 
interfere  with  the  running  of  the  cars,  except  at  Van  Voort 
Street  in  Albany,  where  some  trains  were  stoned,  and  a  special 
guard  was  posted,  which  at  once  restored  order. 

The  camp  at  West  Albany  was  named  in  honor  of  General 
Carr.  On  the  26th  ninety-two  officers  and  eleven  hundred 
and  seventeen  men  were  present  for  duty.  By  reason  of  the 
excessive  heat,  excitement,  loss  of  sleep  and  bad  cooking  of 
rations,  quite  a  number  of  the  troops  were  under  the  doctor's 
care  ;  but  few  serious  cases  were  developed,  and  on  the  whole 
the  men  stood  the  strain  remarkably  well.  Surgeon  Stephen 
W.  Roof  was  indefatigable  in  attending  to  his  onerous  duties, 
and  to  his  skill  and  care  the  men  owed  their  general  good 
health. 

A  few  overcoats  had  been  received,  but  only  enough  to 
serve  the  relief  standing-guard.  The  coats  were  transferred 
by  the  relieved  sentinel,  together  with  his  special  orders  for 
that  post,  the  old  guard  walking  off,  shivering,  to  his  quarters. 
Chills  and  colds  were  the  result. 

The  27th  was  oppressively  warm,  but,  nevertheless,  the 
spirit  of  fun  led  to  an  amusing  ceremony — a  burlesque  funeral. 
On  the  following  day  the  Albany  Argus  thus  described  the 
affair  : 

One  of  the  incidents  of  the  day  yesterday  at  the  camp  at  West  Albany,  was  the 
burial  by  Company  I,  of  the  NINTH  regiment,  of  the  remains  of  their  breakfast. 
Near  the  headquarters  of  Col.  Hitchcock,  and  in  hearing  of  the  headquarters  of  Gen. 
Carr,  the  fifers  were  heard  playing  the  funeral  dirge.  "  What  in  the  world  is  that 
mournful  sound  made  for?"  was  the  inquiry  made  by  a  visitor.  "  Oh,  the  boys  are 
burying  something,"  said  Gen.  Carr;  "  they  are  up  to  some  sort  of  capers  most  of 
the  time."  Soon  the  procession  was  seen  approaching  Gen.  Carr's  headquarters  with 
mournful  tread.  First  came  two  fifers  playing  the  "  funeral  dirge  in  Saul,"  in  the 
most  approved  manner.  They  were  followed  by  the  drummers,  with  long  faces, 
keeping  time  with  the  wind  instruments.  Then  came  eight  men  with  chimes.  The 
chimes  consisted  of  huge  car  links  and  bolts,  which  being  struck  together  produced 
quite  an  effect.  The  fifes  and  drums  and  car  link  chains  constituted  the  band  of 
music.  Next  followed  the  chaplain,  the  book  upon  which  his  eyes  were  steadfastly 
fixed  being  a  pack  of  cards,  the  three  of  clubs  exposed,  the  rest  of  the  pack  being 
reversed.  Then  came  the  bier,  borne  upon  the  shoulders  of  ten  men.  It  was  labeled, 
in  black  letters,  "  The  remains  of  the  breakfast  of  Company  I,  NINTH  regiment." 
The  sides  of  the  bier  were  ornamented  with  immense  crackers,  painted  black,  repre- 


1877  PEACE    RESTORED.       THE    "  WAR  "    OVER.  597 

senting  mourning  rosettes.  The  bier  contained  several  half-barrel  tubs  filled  with 
the  scrapings  of  the  kitchen.  It  \vas  flanked  by  soldiers  with  arms  reversed,  and  a 
squad  in  like  order  brought  up  the  rear. 

The  mournful  procession  marched  past  Gen.  Carr's  headquarters,,  and  then 
countermarched  to  the  camp.  As  an  impromptu  burlesque  it  was  a  decided 
success. 

The  affair  occurred  in  the  forenoon  ;  Lieutenant  Housman 
was  the  master  of  ceremonies,  and  Corporal  Henry  C.  Kline, 
the  chaplain. 

Late  in  the  afternoon  Governor  Robinson  and  Adjutant- 
General  Townsend  visited  the  camp  ;  a  violent  rain-storm, 
however,  coming  on  just  at  the  time  prevented  the  "army" 
from  being  reviewed  by  the  Commander-in-Chief. 

By  this  time  the  lines  of  travel  were  all  open,  and  in  the 
evening  the  NINTH  was  ordered  to  be  ready  to  leave  on  the 
following  morninof.  In  commemoration  of  the  close  of  the 

O  c> 

campaign,  the  authorities  conceived  the  bright  idea  that  the 
soldiers  might  like  to  smoke  the  pipe  of  peace,  and  a  supply  of 
cheap  clay  pipes  and  some  of  the  vilest  tobacco  ever  "manu 
factured  "  was  sent  up  to  the  camp,  but  the  boys  were  unable 
to  appreciate  the  joke — if  one  was  intended — or  to  enjoy  the 
influence  of  the  weed. 

A  strong  friendship  had  sprung  up  between  the  members  of 
the  NINTH  and  the  other  military  bodies  with  whom  they  were 
associated — the  Tibbett's  and  Citizens'  Corps  of  Troy,  and  the 
Albany  Companies,  A  B  and  F,  of  the  Tenth  regiment — and 
many  promises  were  made  on  both  sides  to  visit  and  enjoy 
each  other's  hospitalities  when  the  "  war"  was  over. 

At  half-past  six  the  next  morning,  the  28th,  the  troops  left 
camp,  the  Sheriff  and  his  deputies  assuming  charge  of  the 
railroad  company's  property,  and  proceeded  to  Albany  on  the 
cars.  Upon  reaching  the  city  the  line  paraded  through  Pearl 
Street,  where  it  was  reviewed  by  the  Governor  and  most  of 
the  State  officials.  There  seemed  to  be  but  little  interest 
manifested  by  the  citizens  during  the  review,  the  members  of 
the  NINTH  even  thinking  that  the  populace  looked  upon  them 
rather  coldly.  After  the  review  the  NINTH  marched  to  the 
railroad  station,  reaching  there  about  eleven  o'clock,  but  owing 


598  THE    NINTH    NEW    YORK.  1877 

to  a  report  that  an  attempt  had  been  made  to  overpower  the 
Sheriff  and  his  deputies  at  West  Albany,  the  regiment  was 
detained  till  afternoon.  At  half-past  one  the  train  started  for 
New  York,  and  the  trip  home  was  enlivened  by  popular  de 
monstrations  all  along  the  line.  The  Grand  Central  Station 
was  reached  at  six  o'clock,  and  the  regiment  at  once  marched 
to  the  armory.  They  were  a  tired,  unshaven,  dirty  lot  of  men. 
It  seems  incredible  that  the  authorities  took  so  little  interest 
in  the  care  of  the  men  during  the  week's  campaign.  As  has 
been  stated,  the  men  were  obliged  to  leave  home  without  knap 
sacks,  consequently  they  could  carry  none  of  the  necessary 
articles — such  as  soap,  towels,  or  shaving  apparatus  with  them, 
and  none  were  furnished  during  the  stay  at  West  Albany. 

Before  dismissing  the  regiment  Colonel  Hitchcock  briefly 
addressed  the  command,  complimenting  the  men  upon  the 
manner  in  which  their  duties  had  been  performed,  and  con 
gratulating  them  upon  the  fact  that  the  campaign  had  been  a 
bloodless  one,  but  none  the  less  successful. 

During  the  absence  of  the  regiment  from  New  York,  more 
or  less  trouble  had  been  experienced  there,  and  threats  had 
been  made  that  the  regimental  armory  would  be  attacked,  and 
demolished,  in  revenge  for  the  part  the  NINTH  was  taking  in 
suppressing  the  trouble  at  West  Albany.  The  Veteran  organ 
ization  of  the  regiment,  however,  proposed  to  guard  the  inter 
ests  of  the  actives,  and  on  the  24th  the  following  telegram  had 
been  sent : 

NEW  YORK,//;/)/  24^,  1877. 
Col.  JAS.  R.  HITCHCOCK  : 

The  Veterans  will  respond  for  the  protection  of  the  NINTH'S  armory. 

JOHN  H.  WOOD, 
Commanding  NINTH  Veterans. 

But  the  services  of  the  Veterans  were  not  needed,  a  guard 
of  eighty  men  having  been  organized  under  Lieutenant  Peter 
J.  Babcock,  who  remained  at  the  armory  during  the  absence 
of  the  regiment. 

To  show  that  the  NINTH  was  still  ready  for  further  service, 
the  following  will  prove  : 


1877  REGISTER    JULY    TWENTY-EIGHTH.  599 

NEW  YORK,/W/X  a8///,  1877. 
Gov.  Lucius  ROBIXSOX, 

Commander-in-Chief,  S.N.  I'.,  Albany,  N.   Y.: 

If  the  General   Government  require   troops  from  this  State  to  protect   property  in 
other  States,  the  NINTH  regiment  is  willing  to  volunteer  its  services  at  short  notice. 

JAS.  R.   HITCHCOCK, 
Colonel  MXTH  Regiment  N.  G.  S.  A'.   Y. 

Before  the   men  left   the    armory,  roll   was  called  with  the 
following  result  : 

Field,  Staff,  and  Non-commissioned 

Staff,                                  36   present,  2  absent,        total  38 

Co.   A,                              93          "  12  "  "  105 

Co.  B,                               43  I'  "  54 

Co.  C,                              51  ii  "  62 

Co.  D,  v                63  14  "  77 

Co.  E,                             58         "  17  "  "  75 

Co.   F,  IOO  "  12          "  "       I  12 

Co.  G.  98  •<     15  "113 

Co.  H,  47  14  "  "   61 

Co.  I,  70  9  "  "   79 

Co.  K,  58  18  "  76 


717  135  852 


REGISTER    OF    OFFICERS. 

Colonel  James  R.  Hitchcock. 

Lieut.-Col.  M.  P.  L.  Montgomery,  Major  John  T.  Pryer, 
Adjutant  C.  A.  H.  Bartlett,  Quartermaster  Edgar  F.  Wait, 
Commissary  John  H.  Mooney,  Inspector  George  E.  Harding,. 
Surgeon  Stephen  W.  Roof,  Assistant-Surgeon  Joseph  E. 
Tucker,  Chaplain  Edward  C.  Houghton. 

Ex-Colonel  Charles  R.  Braine,  volunteer  aid. 


6OO  THE    NINTH    NEW    YORK.  1877 

Company  A. 

Captain  Thomas  D.  Cottman, Lieutenants  Joseph  A.  Bluxome 
and  Thomas  Griffin. 

Company  H. 

Captain  William  J.  Kirkland,  Lieutenants  Joseph  J.  Spring 
er  and  Valentine  Marsh. 

Company  C. 

Captain  John  C.  C.  Tallman,  Lieutenants  Howard  F. 
Kennedy  and  Gilford  Hurry. 

Company  D. 
Captain  George  Auld,  Lieutenant  George  B.  Cobb. 

Company  E. 
Captain  Sol.  E.  Japha,  Lieutenant  Michael  Bauman. 

Company  F. 

Captain  William  P.  Walton,  Lieutenants  Maurice  A.  Herts 
and  George  D.  Browne. 

Company  G. 

Captain  Reuben  A.  Britton,  Lieutenants  Ferris,  P.  L. 
DeGroot  and  Peter  J.  Babcock. 

Company  H. 

Captain  George  W.  Homans,  Lieutenants  Win.  A.  Thomp 
son  and  George  B.  Campbell. 

Company  I. 

Captain  George  A.  Hussey,  Lieutenants  Wm.  A.  Leckler 
and  Chas.  L.  Housman. 

Company  K. 

Captain  James  A.  Mulligan,  Lieutenants  Joseph  P.  Hertz- 
ler  and  Stillman  F.  Kneeland. 

After  the  service  at  West  Albany,  the  most  important 
event  in  military  circles  during  the  summer  was  the  reception 
of  the  First  Connecticut  regiment,  on  their  visit  to  New  York, 
by  the  NINTH,  which  occurred  on  the  26th  of  August.  After  a 
short  parade  the  line  was  reviewed  by  General  Frederick 
Vilmar  at  Union  Square  and  then  the  two  regiments  proceeded 


1877  MATCHES    AT     CREEDMOOR.  6OI 

to  the  NINTH'S  armory,  where  refreshments  were  served.  In 
the  evening  Gilmore's  Garden  was  visited,  and  about  mid 
night  the  visitors  were  escorted  Ix.ck  to  the  boat  for  their 
return  home. 

In  September  occurred  the  Tournament  of  the  National 
Rifle  Association  at  Creedmoor.  Space  does  not  permit  a 
detailed  account  of  the  several  events — which  began  on  the 
i  ith — and  the  Editor  avails  himself  of  the  following  summary 
copied  from  the  Mercury  (New  York)  : 

The  event  of  absorbing  interest  in  military  circles  was  the  annual  fall  shoot 
ing  match  of  the  National  Rifle  Association.  The  meeting,  supplemented  as  it 
was  by  the  international  shooting  match,  proved  a  very  interesting  one,  the  inter- 
State  and  other  team  matches  all  attracting  a  good  deal  of  attention.  We  give 
a  resume  of  the  military  matches  for  record.  The  shooting  commenced  Monday 
with  the  cavalry  match.  The  cavalry  match  was  open  to  teams  of  seven, 
carbines,  seven  rounds,  at  200  yards;  position,  standing.  The  Washington  Gr,ay 
Troop  won  with  a  total  team  score  of  173;  Separate  Troop,  Fifth  brigade, 
163;  Separate  Troop,  Twenty-fourth  brigade,  157;  Yates's  Dragoons,  145; 
Separate  Troop,  First  division  136;  Third  Cavalry,  Troop  U,  122;  Troop  F,  114; 
Troop  H,  112  ;  Troop  B,  105.  The  Galling  battery  made  159. 

The  army  and  navy  cup  match,  open  to  teams  of  twelve  from  all  regularly  organ 
ized  military  organizations,  distance  500  yards,  rounds  seven,  posilion  any  within  rules, 
brought  out  seventeen  teams.  It  was  won  by  the  Forty-eighth  regiment  of  Oswego, 
with  a  score  of  328.  The  olher  scores  in  ihis  match  were:  Second  regiment  of  Con 
necticut,  312 ;  Seventy-first,  307  ;  Eighth,  299,  First  California  (i  i  men),  290;  Forly- 
ninlh,  275;  Forty-fourth,  264;  Twenty-third,  262;  Fourteenth,  248 ;  Seventh,  246  ; 
NINTH,  245;  Forty-seventh,  223  ;  Thirteenlh,  213  ;  Twelfth,  218;  Thirty-second,  213  ; 
Twenty-eighth,  201  ;  Sixty-ninth,  145. 

The  galling  gun,  500  yards,  seven  shols,  was  also  scooped  in  by  the  Forty-eighth, 
with  a  score  of  395.  The  Seventh  made  296;  Twenty-third,  290;  Forty-ninth,  288; 
Forty-fourth,  280;  Sevenly-first,  280;  Fourteenth,  265;  NINTH,  251  ;  Eighth,  245; 
Thirly-second,  239;  Twelflh,  215;  Thirteenth,  194;  Sixly-ninlh,  165;  Forty-seventh, 
158. 

On  Tuesday  the  ball  opened  with  the  New  York  Slale  Nalional  Guard  malch,  teams 
of  twelve,  200  and  500  yards,  five  rounds  at  each  dislance.  The  Fourleenlh,  Brook 
lyn,  headed  the  list  with  a  score  of  420.  The  Twenty-third  scored  407  ;  Forty-eighth, 
Oswego,  403  ;  NINTH,  393;  Seventh,  387;  Eighlh,  372;  Forty-ninth,  366;  Twelfth, 
363;  Forty-fourth,  347;  Seventy-firsl,  341  ;  Thirly-second,  334;  Sixty-ninth,  319; 
Thirteenth,  318  ;  Twenty-eighth,  314;  Forty-seventh,  309 ;  Fifteenth  batlalion,  269. 

The  First  division  match  was  also  al  200  and  500  yards,  five  rounds al  each.  The 
Sevenly-firsl  look  the  first  prize  with  a  score  of  428.  The  Eighlh  scored  395  ;  NINTH, 
391  ;  Seventh,  390;  Twelfth,  387;  Sixty-ninth,  317. 

The  Second  division  match  was  under  ihe  same  condition  as  the  First.  The 
Twenly-lhird  won  the  first  prize  with  a  score  of  405.  The  Fourleenlh  scored  404; 
Thirleenlh,  384;  Thirty-second,  368;  Forty-seventh,  354,  Twenty-eighth,  318; 
Fifteenlh  ballalion,  307. 


602  THE    NINTH    NEW    YORK.  1877 

On  Wednesday  the  event  of  the  day  was  the  inter-State  match,  teams  of  twelve 
from  regularly  organized  regiments;  distance,  200  and  500  yards  ;  weapon,  the  author 
ized  military  rifle  in  use  in  the  State  which  the  team  represents.  There  were  four 
entries — California,  Connecticut,  New  York  and  New  Jersey.  The  Pacific  slopers 
won  with  a  score  of  995,  using  a  Springfield  rifle  ;  Connecticut,  using  a  Peabody  gunf 
was  second,  with  a  score  of  071  ;  New  York,  with  the  State  model,  made  967  ;  and 
New  Jersey,  with  the  Springfield,  scored  744.  The  New  York  team  was  composed  of 
seven  from  country  regiments  and  five  from  this  vicinity. 

The  champion  match  at  200,  600  and  1,000  yards,  ten  rounds  each  distance,  was 
participated  in  by  a  good  many  military  men,  and  won  by  Major  Henry  Fulton  with  a 
score  of  139  out  of  a  possible  150. 

The  Wimbledon  Challenge  Cup,  presented  by  the  National  Rifle  Association  of 
Great  Britain,  distance  1,000  yards,  thirty  rounds,  was  won  by  Dudley  Self,  of  the  New 
Orleans  team,  with  a  score  of  137  out  of  a  possible  150. 

The  excitement  of  the  week  culminated  in  the  International  long  range  shooting 
match  for  the  championship  of  the  world.  On  Thursday  the  American  team  scored 
1,655,  tne  British  team  1,629.  On  Friday  the  American  team  scored  1,679,  the  British 
team  1,613;  total  American  score,  3,334;  total  British  score,  3,242.  The  Americans 
thus  won  by  92  points.  The  days  were  both  hot,  but  the  weather  was  good  for  shoot 
ing.  The  teams  were:  British — Sir  Henry  Halford,  captain  ;  J.  K.  Millner,  Lieutenant- 
Colonel  James  Fenton,  Lieutenant  Geo.  Fenton,  Wm.  Rigby,  Wm.  Ferguson,  A.  P. 
Humphrey,  H.  S.  W.  Evans.  American— General  T.  S.  Dakin,  captain  ;  L.  Weber,  I. 
L.  Allen,  Frank  Hyde,  H.  S.  Jewell,  L.  C.  Bruce,  C.  E.  Blydenburgh,  Wm.  H.  Jack- 


Nothing  of  importance  occurred  after  this  until  the  i6th 
of  October,  when  the  Fall  inspection  took  place.  Major  David 
Scott,  the  inspecting  officer,  reporting  nine  hundred  and  three 
present  and  only  sixty-three  absent  ;  total,  present  and  absent, 
nine  hundred  and  sixty-six.  This  was  the  largest  number  that 
had  ever  been  present  at  an  inspection,  and  the  largest,  with 
one  exception,  that  had  ever  appeared  in  any  regiment  of  the 
National  Guard;  the  Seventh,  in  1863,  turned  out  nine  hundred 
and  seven. 

For  some  time  past  the  matter  of  a  regimental  history  had 
been  discussed  by  the  Veterans,  and  late  in  the  month  of 
October  a  circular  containing  the  following  was  issued  : 

"  At  a  reo-ular   meeting  of  the  Veteran  Association  of  the 

o  o 

NINTH  regiment,  held   October   iQth,  1877,  at  the  armory,  it 
was 

"  Resolved,  '  That  a  Historical  Committee  be  appointed  to  procure  statistical  and 
other  information  of  the  NINTH  Regiment,  from  its  organization  to  the  present  time, 
with  a  view  to  having  the  same,  at  some  future  time,  compiled  and  published.' 


A    HISTORY    OF    THE    REGIMENT    COMMENCED.  603 

"  All  the  members  and  ex-members  of  the  regiment  who 
have  diaries  of  the  marches,  battles,  etc.,  or  who  have  any 
memoranda  giving  a  history  of  the  regiment,  or  any  papers  or 
facts  which  would  be  of  interest  in  a  history  of  this  regiment, 
are  requested  to  send  the  same  to  the  Chairman  of  the  Com 
mittee." 


6O4  THE    NINTH    NEW    YORK.  lS;S 


CHAPTER    XXIX. 

THE   NINTH    VISITS   WASHINGTON. 


Entertainment  in  Aid  of  Soldiers'  Home  at  Bath,  N.  Y. — Corporal  Tanner's  Address- 
— Burial  of  Colonel  Hitchcock. — Memorial  Day. — Rifle  Practice  at  Creedmoor. 
—  Efforts  to  Secure  a  Colonel. — 1879 — Election  of  S.  Oscar  Ryder  to  the 
Colonelcy. — Chaplain  Reed  Preaches  to  the  Regiment. — Testimonial  to  Judge 
Langbein. — 1880 — Washington's  Birthday. — More  Rifle  Practice. — Field  Day  ;.t 
New  Dorp. — May  Inspection  Report. — Company  H  Visits  Boston  and  Marble- 
head. — Funeral  of  General  Torbert. — 1881 — General  Grant  Reviews  the  NINTH. 
— The  NINTH  Visits  Washington. — Inauguration  of  President  Garfield. — 
Reviewed  by  General  Sherman. — Company  I  Celebrates  its  Twentieth  Birthday. 
— Assassination  of  President  Garfield. — 1882 — Resignation  of  Colonel  Ryder. — 
Colonel  Seward  to  the  Ffont. — Exhibition  Bayonet  Drill. — Reception  by  Com 
pany  H.— 1883 — Washington's  Birthday. — A  State  Camp  Established. — The 
NINTH  in  Camp. — Extracts  from  Report. — Festivities  at  Close  of  Year. — 1884 — 
A  New  Service  Uniform. 

1878. 

THE  first  event  of  importance  in  the  year's  history  to  the 
NINTH  was  an  entertainment  in  the  form  of  a  Grand  Hop, 
given  on  the  26th  of  February,  for  the  purpose  of  raising  funds 
towards  the  completion  of  the  Home  at  Bath,  Steuben  Co.,  for 
disabled  veterans  of  the  late  war.  As  the  ranks  of  the  NINTH 
contained  a  large  number  of  war  veterans,  this  object  was  one 
near  to  their  hearts.  In  his  report  to  the  Department  Encamp 
ment  of  the  Grand  Army  of  the  Republic,  in  January,  Com 
mander  James  Tanner  said  in  reference  to  this  Home  : 

Two  years  ago,  when  we  were  forced  to  face  the  fact  that  year  after  year  repeated 
applications  to  the  lawmakers  of  the  commonwealth  had  failed  to  secure  the  inaugura 
tion  of  measures  which  would  tend  to  the  relief  of  our  needy  and  deserving  comrades, 
I  was  one  of  your  number  who  earnestly  advocated  a  change  of  base,  and  claimed  that, 
with  a  vivid  remembrance  of  every  call  which  patriotism  made  upon  their  bounty, 
"we  should  go  to  the  people  and  ask  them  that,  out  of  their  abundance  which  a  benifi- 
cent  Providence  had  bestowed  upon  them,  they  should  set  aside  a  small  sum,  to  the 
end  that  those  who  could  no  longer  help  themselves  might  be  furnished  subsistence 


1878  DEATH    OF  COLONKI,   HITCHCOCK.  605 

and  shelter  in  a  place,  the  inhabiting'  of  which  should  not  impress  upon  them  a  mark 
of  disgrace  ;  that  they  should  in  fact  be  taken  from  the  poorhouses  of  the  State  and 
placed  in  a  Soldiers'  Home. 

The  result  of  the  NINTH'S  efforts  in  this  direction  was 
highly  gratifying,  and  several  hundred  dollars  were  added  to  the 
fund. 

On  the  1 5th  of  April  the  regiment  was  called  upon  to  pay 
the  last  sad  rites  to  the  memory  of  their  late  comn'ander, 
Colonel  Hitchcock.  For  several  months  he  had  been  ill,  and 
on  the  1 2th  he  died.  Besides  the  NINTH,  the  Eleventh  and 
Seventy-first  regiments  from  the  city,  and  the  Troy  Citizens' 
Corps,  eighty  strong,  as  well  as  delegations  of  officers  from 
every  regiment  in  the  city  and  Brooklyn,  took  part  in  the 
parade.  Many  of  the  higher  officials,  including  Generals 
Shaler,  Woodward,  Carr  and  Vilmar  were  also  present.  The 
pall-bearers  were  Generals  Varian  and  Wylie,  Colonels  Em- 
rnons  Clark,  G.  D.  Scott,  Josiah  Porter  and  Charles  S.  Spen 
cer. 

The  remains  were  conveyed  to  Silver-Lake  Cemetery  on 
Staten  Island. 

Colonel  Hitchcock  first  entered  the  military  service  in 
1 86 1  as  a  member  of  Company  F,  Seventy-first  regiment, 
and  served  with  that  command  during  the  first  Bull  Run 
campaign.  On  December  i4th,  1864,  he  was  elected  Captain 
of  Company  B  of  the  NINTH.  May  2gth,  1870,  he  was  made 
Major  ;  June  4th,  1872,  Lieutenant  Colonel  ;  and  on  February 
ist,  1875,  was  elected  Colonel.  • 

On  the  27th  of  May  the  Veterans  dined  at  the  Sturtevant 
House,  in  celebration  of  the  seventeenth  anniversary  of  the 
departure  of  the  regiment  for  the  seat  of  war.  On  the  3Oth  the 
regiment  participated  in  the  Memorial  Day  parade  in  honor 
of  the  dead  of  the  Union  Army.  This  was  the  second  occa 
sion  whereon  the  First  division  of  the  National  Guard,  under 
orders  from  the  State  authorities,  had  turned  out  as  escort  to 
the  Posts  of  the  Grand  Army  of  the  Republic.  In  1876  Com 
pany  I,  Captain  Hussey,  had  volunteered  for  that  service,  but 
Memorial  Day  was  now  recognized  by  the  officials,  and  observed 


606  THE  NINTH  NEW  YORK.  1878 

with  becoming  ceremony.  General  Henry  A.  Barnum  was 
chief  marshal.  The  parade  was  an  imposing  one.  Detach 
ments  from  the  regular  army  and  from  the  navy  were  in 
line  ;  Colored  militia,  independent  companies  ;  Fire  companies, 
and  other  organizations,  each  receiving  well  merited  applause 
from  the  spectators.  It  took  an  hour  for  the  Veterans  to  pass 
the  grand  stand.  In  the  evening  Booth's  Theatre  was 
crowded  by  an  assembly  of  ladies  and  gentlemen  to  listen  to 
the  literary  part  of  the  exercise.  General  Win.  T.  Sherman 
delivered  the  address,  and  was  frequently  interrupted  by  long 
.  continued  applause,  as  his  patriotic  utterances  fell  upon  the 
ears  of  his  audience. 

On  the  7th  of  June  a  detachment  of  two  hundred — officers 
and  men — under  command  of  Major  Fryer,  visited  Creedmoor 
for  rifle  practice.  After  individual  practice,  volley  firing 
followed,  the  score  standing  : 

Company  A,  twenty-two  men,  42  ;  Company  D,  fourteen 
men,  28  ;  Company  F,  thirty-one  men,  81  ;'  Company  G,  four 
teen  men,  74;  Company  H,  seventeen  men,  55  ;  Company  I, 
sixteen  men,  58  ;  Company  K,  thirteen  men,  35  ;  Companies 
E,  C,  and  B,  thirteen  men,  43.  Major  Orvis,  Inspector  of  Rifle 
Practice,  and  General  Vilmar  and  staff  were  present. 

On  July  1 8,  ex-Colonel  Van  Beuren  died.  He  was  buried 
in  the  family  vault  in  St.  Mark's  churchyard. 

On  October  21  st  the  annual  inspection  took  place,  which 
showed  the  regiment  to  be  in  a  very  flourishing  condition. 

During  the  Fall  several  meetings  of  the  Board  of  Officers 
were  held,  at  which  candidates  for  Colonel  were  proposed,  but 
the  year  closed  with  the  vacancy  unfilled. 

-879- 

On  the  i gth  of  January  the  Board  of  Officers  elected  to 
the  colonelcy  ex-Lieutenant-Colonel  S.  Oscar  Ryder  of  the 
Seventh  regiment  bv  a  single  vote  over  Albert  H.  Rogers, 

O  J  *T>  O 

formerly  Lieutenant-Colonel  of  the  F'orty-seventh.  The  long 
canvass  for  a  commanding  officer  had  excited  a  great  deal  of 
interest  among  both  officers  and  men  of  the  regiment,  and 


COLONEL  S.   OSCAR   RYDER. 


i8/9  SERMON    BY    CHAPLAIN    REED.  607 

when  this  close  vote  was  announced  it  was  feared  that  the 
large  minority  might  not  readily  acquiesce  in  the  result,  but 
true  to  their  military  teachings,  both  officers  and  men  "obeyed 
orders,"  and  cheerfully  greeted  the  new  commander.  Several 
attempts  had  previously  been  made  to  fill  the  vacancy,  General 
Lloyd  Aspinwall  having  been  elected,  but  he  declined  ;  then  ex- 
Major-General  Francis  J.  Herron,  U.  S.  Vols.,  was  chosen,  but 
after  accepting  the  position  he,  too,  declined.  Several  other 
prominent  gentlemen  were  mentioned  for  the  office,  among 
them  Mr.  Henry  Clair. 

On  May  26th  the  regiment  was  inspected,  and  on  the  3oth 
it  turned  out  to  celebrate  Memorial  Day.  On  June  22nd  the 
Chaplain,  E.  A.  Reecl,  D.D.,  preached  in  his  own  church  a 
sermon  to  the  regiment.  From  the  newspaper  report  we  make 
the  following  extracts  : 

He  took  the  text  of  his  sermon  from  Paul  :  "  Fight  the 
good  fight  with  faith." 

*  *  *  If  a  war  were  to  he  threatened,  the  great  men  and  generals  of  the  nation 
would  be  slow  to  take  up  the  sword,  and  would  weigh  well  the  subject  and  exhaust  all 
methods  of  adjustment  before  resorting  to  that  alternative.  But  when  at  length  it 
became  necessary,  they  would  grasp  it  firmly  and  sway  it  with  force.  Some  people 
say  we  don't  want  a  National  Guard.  The  money  it  costs  ought  to  be  saved,  and  so 
forth.  But  they  were  more  than  glad  to  have  one  two  years  ago.  They  wanted  the 
NINTH  regiment,  and  they  found  them  ready  in  the  hour  of  danger.  The  preacher 
went  on  to  show  the  usefulness  of  the  National  Guard,  and  the  work  it  has  done  in 
troublesome  times,  and  described  the  state  of  affairs  that  existed  when  the  strike 
occurred.  From  this  he  drew  a  lesson  and  urged  his  listeners  to  become  good,  faithful 
Christians  and  fight  the  battle  of  the  cross. 

When  I  became  chaplain  of  your  regiment  my  greatest  desire  and  most  ardent 
hope  was  that  I  might  in  some  way  be  useful  to  you.  No  doubt  most  of  you  belong  to 
various  religious  denominations  and  attend  your  different  places  of  worship.  Yet, 
while  I  would  not  interfere  with  any  of  your  pastors,  I  shall  be  always  glad  to  see  you 
here.  Remember,  if  you  ever  want  me,  I  am  at  your  command.  Whatever  your  faith 
may  be,  you  are  all  alike  to  me — English,  French  or  German.  I  know  no  difference  of 
nationality. 

At  the  close  of  the  services  the  command  dispersed,  leaving  the  church  in  the  sev 
eral  directions  that  took  them  to  their  homes. 

On  the  ist  of  September  the  Board  of  Officers  presented 
judge  J.  C.  Julius  Langbein  with  a  set  of  resolutions,  expressive 
of  their  gratitude  to  him  for  his  faithful  performance  of  duty 


608  THE    NINTH    NK\V    YORK.  1880 

\vhilein   the   Legislature  in  1877  and    1879,111   respect  to  the 
needs  of  the  Veterans  of  the  War  and  the  National  Guard. 

General  Joseph  Hooker  died  on  the  3ist  of  October  and 
was  buried  at  Garden  City,  Long  Island. 

1880. 

Washington's  birthday  was  celebrated  on  Monday,  the  23d 
of  February.  In  the  evening  the  NINTH,  with  their  friends, 
occupied  Madison  Square  Garden,  the  regiment,  under  the 
command  of  Colonel  Ryder,  being  maneuvered  for  display  be 
fore  the  large  assembly  of  visitors.  At  the  conclusion  of  the 
dress-parade,  which  preceded  the  drill,  General  Horace  Russell, 
Judge-Advocate-General,  presented  the  NINTH,  on  behalf  of  the 
Governor  and  the  State,  with  a  handsome  set  of  colors.  In 
his  address  the  general  paid  a  high  tribute  to  the  National 
Guard  in  general  and  to  the  NINTH  in  particular.  After  the 
drill  General  Robert  S.  Oliver,  Inspector-General,  reviewed 
the  regiment,  and  when  his  duties  were  ended  those  assembled 

o 

indulged  in  dancing  until  a  late  hour. 

The  result  of  rifle  practice  was  made  manifest,  when,  on 
the  evening  of  March  5th,  marksman's  badges  were  conferred 
upon  those  who  had  scored  fifty  per  cent,  or  over  at  the  one, 
three,  two  and  five  hundred  yard  ranges. 

On  the  22nd  of  April,  the  NINTH  enjoyed  a  field-day  at 
New  Dorp,  Staten  Island,  and  the  men  were  much  benefited 
by  the  drill  in  the  open  air.  On  May  24th,  General  Oliver 
made  his  regular  inspection  and  muster  of  the  regiment.  The 
men  were  in  fatigue  uniform,  and  carried  knapsacks,  haver 
sacks  and  canteens.  Upon  reviewing  the  line  the  Inspector 
was  accompanied  by  General  Rodenbough,  Colonel  Jussen 
and  Major  Scott.  A  most  thorough  inspection  was  afterwards 
made  of  arms  and  equipments.  From  a  newspaper  account  of 
the  affair  the  following  is  quoted  : 

The  knapsacks  being  empty  Gen.  Oliver  declined  to  inspect  them,  but  in  order  to 
test  the  instruction  of  the  men  he  selected  Co.  I  to  exhibit  the  general  proficiency  of 
the  command.  It  was  a  happy  selection,  for  Lieutenant  Scott,  who  was  in  command, 
is  an  old  soldier.  The  close  order  and  stack  were  excellent,  while  the  unsling  and  open 


.i88o 


MUSTER    AND    INSPECTION. 


609 


knapsacks  was  worthy  of  the  veteran  company  of  the  regiment.  If  all  the  companies 
could  execute  these  movements  with  the  precision  of  Co.  I,  the  NINTH-  might  be  set 
down  as  one  of  the  very  perfect  organizations  of  the  militia.  At  the  close  of  the  in 
spection  the  regiment  was  mustered.  Captain  Walton's  Co.  F  again  leads  the  regi 
ment  in  point  of  numbers  parading  its  total  strength,  three  officers  and  one  hundred 
men. 

A  street  parade  was  afterwards  made,  General  Oliver  being 
tendered  a  marching  salute  as  the  command  passed  the 
Brunswick  Hotel.  The  following  is  the  report  of  the  muster  : 


Present 

Absent 

£ 

r 

5 

Company. 

O 

0 

n 
i/i 

2*  [JT 

•     a 
CL 

H 
o 

EL 

Officers. 

Enlisted 
Men. 

O 

£. 

3 
f* 

vn    C 
(/) 

FT 

Field,  Staff  and  N.  C.  Staff. 
Company  A.    .  .  .«.      

9 

7 

9 
QO 

18 

i 
10 

I 
10 

19 
103 

21 
I  O2 

Company  B  

T. 

48 

51 

13 

13 

64 

70 

Company  C  

2 

4° 

42 

18 

18 

60 

54 

Company  D                 

I 

62 

63 

14 

14 

77 

74 

Company  K  

7 

4Q 

52 

12 

12 

64 

55 

Company  F  

T. 

IOO 

103 

103 

103 

Company  G.         

T. 

79 

82 

14 

M 

96 

102 

Company  H                     • 

56 

i 

5 

6 

62 

71 

Company  I  

*2 

5° 

52 

5 

5 

57 

6l 

Company  K  

2 

35 

12 

12 

47 

47 

Band          

52 

52 

52 

49 

TotaJ 

33 

666 

699 

i 

IO4 

105 

804 

809 

On  the  3ist  of  May,  the  Memorial  Day  parade  occurred, 
the  regiment  participating.  On  June  6th  the  Chaplain 
preached  a  sermon  to  the  regiment,  the  men  turning  out  in 
good  force  and  marching  to  the  church.  On  the  loth,  the 
funeral  of  the  late  brigade  commander,  General  Frederick 
Vilmar,  occurred,  the  NINTH  parading  with  the  other  regiments 
of  the  brigade  in  attendance  upon  the  ceremonies. 

On  Wednesday,  the  15th  of  September,  Company  H  left 
for  Boston,  Mass.,  to  participate  in  the  ceremonies  attending 
the  25Oth  anniversary  of  the  settlement  of  that  city.  The 
company  mustered  twenty-eight  files,  five  sergeants,  and  was 
under  the  command  of  Captain  George  W.  Homans  ;  the  Lieu 
tenants  beino-  George  B.  Campbell  and  Horatio  E.  McComber. 

^  O  *• 


6 10  THE    NINTH    NEW    YORK.  1880 

The  following  officers,  representing  the  regiment,  accompanied 
the  command :  Major  W.  Boerum  Wetmore,  Captain  G. 
Henry  Witthaus,  Inspector  of  Rifle  Practice,  Adjutant  Charles 
L.  Housman,  Captains  George  A.  Husseyand  Isaac  H.  West, 
and  Lieutenants  Samuel  L.  Kittle  and  Walter  Scott.  The 
column  was  escorted  to  the  foot  of  Murray  Street  by  Company 
F,  Captain  William  P.  \Valton,  Drum  Major  George  W.  Hill 
leading  with  his  corps.  The  Providence  Line  steamer,  Rhode 
Island,  received  the  excursionists,  who,  after  a  rather  lively 
night,  reached  Providence,  R.  L,  early  the  following  morning. 
Reeves'  American  Band  of  Providence  here  reenforced  the 
drum  corps,  and  after  an  hour's  ride  on  the  cars,  the  "Hub" 
was  reached.  Here  Company  D,  Fifth  Mass.  Vol.  Militia, 
better  known  as  the  "  Independent  Boston  Fusileers,"  Captain 
Henry  A.  Snow,  received  the  party  and  escorted  them  to 
breakfast,  after  which  the  column  proceeded  to  the  Eastern  R. 
R.  Station,  but  while  en  route,  Captain  Edwin  R.  Frost,  of  the 
Ancient  and  Honorable  Artillery  Company,  was  encountered, 
to  whom  the  party  was  obliged  to  surrender,  and  were  by  him 
treated  to  cigars  and  accompanying  "  fixins." 

A  brief  visit  to  Marblehead,  the  former  home  of  Captain 
Homans,  was  on  the  programme,  where  the  party  arrived 
about  eleven  o'clock.  The  Sutten  Light  Infantry,  (Company 
C,  Eighth  regiment  Mass.  Vol.  Militia)  Captain  Stuart  F. 
McClearn,  here  received  the  visitors,  and  to  the  music  of  the 
Lynn  Brass  Band,  escorted  thsm  to  Abbott  Hall,  where  lunch 
was  served.  Afterwards  the  column,  consisting  of  Company 
C,  Eighth  Mass.,  and  the  visitors,  marched  through  the  prin 
cipal  streets  and  at  about  five  o'clock  halted  at  the  residence 
of  Lieutenant-Colonel  John  F.  Brown.  The  invited  guests, 
military  and  civic,  were  then  escorted  to  Abbott  Hall,  where  a 
genuine  "  Yankee  "  dinner  was  served  and  several  patriotic 
addresses  delivered.  The  visitors  were  quartered  for  the 
night  in  the  armory  of  the  Sutten  Light  Infantry,  but  quite  a 
number  accepted  the  hospitality  of  their  hosts,  at  their  homes. 

On  the  morning  of  the  i /th  the  visitors,  under  the  escort 
of  Company  C  of  the  Eighth,  returned  to  Boston,  and  were 


i88o  VISIT    OF    COMPANY    II    TO    BOSTON.  6ll 

met  at  the  station  by  the  Eighth  regiment,  Colonel  Benjamin 
F.  Peach,  and  escorted  to  their  place  in  line  with  the  other 
organizations  that  formal  the  New  York  division  ;  and  which 
consisted  of  the  Thirteenth,  Twenty-third  and  Sixty-ninth  regi 
ments,  which  had  arrived  that  morning.  The  men  of  the 
NINTH  were  here  formed  into  a  battalion,  under  command  of 
Major  Wetmore,  with  Captain  Witthaus  and  Adjutant  Hous- 
man  on  his  staff  ;  the  four  commands  of  twelve  single  files  each, 
being  commanded  by  Captains  Homans,  Hussey  and  West, 
and  Lieutenant  Scott. 

During  the  extended  march,  the  citizens  embraced  every 
opportunity  offered  by  the  short  halts,  to  distribute  refresh 
ments  to  the  citizen  soldiery,  which  were  fully  appreciated. 

The  citizens  of  Boston  had  not  forgotten  the  NINTH,  since 

o 

its  visit  in  1870,  and  the  company  and  drum  corps  received  a 
large  share  of  attention.  After  the  parade  was  over,  a  light 
lunch  was  served,  after  which  the  party  boarded  the  train  which 
soon  carried  them  to  Providence.  The  trip  down  Narragansett 
Bay  and  the  Sound  was  uneventful,  the  tourists  feeling  the 
need  of  rest  and  indulging  in  that  to  their  heart's  content. 
Home  was  reached  in  due  season,  everyone  feeling  satisfied 
with  the  short  but  pleasant  "  outing." 

On  the  29th,  the  NINTH  formed  part  of  the  escort  to  the 
remains  of  General  A.  T.  A,  Torbert,  who  was  drowned  off 
the  coast  of  Florida,  while  en  route  to  Mexico.  The  NINTH, 
under  command  of  Colonel  Ryder,  awaited  the  remains  at 
Trinity  Chapel,  and  after  the  services  there,  formed  part  of 
the  escort  to  the  Jersey  City  ferry  ;  military  bodies  from  New 
Jersey,  Pennsylvania  and  Delaware  received  and  conveyed 
them  to  Milford,  Delaware,  the  late  home  of  the  General. 
A  delegation  from  the  Board  of  Officers  of  the  NINTH  also 
accompanied  the  remains.  The  secretary  of  the  Committee 
having  in  charge  the  ceremonies  was  Lieut.  Joseph  F.  Swords> 
formerly  of  Company  G  of  the  NINTH. 

On  October  2ist,  the  First  and  Second  divisions  of  the 
National  Guard  were  reviewed  by  the  Governor. 


6l2  THE    NINTH    NEW    YCKK.  i83r 


1881. 

On  the  22nd  of  February  the  NINTH  assembled  at  Mad 
ison  Square  Garden,  where  General  Grant  reviewed  the  regi 
ment  ;  a  drill  and  dress-parade  were  also  part  of  the  ceremonies, 
after  which  dancing  was  indulged  in  by  a  large  portion  of  the  as 
sembly.  Nearly  five  thousand  people  were  present  during  the 
evening,  and  everything  passed  off  to  the  satisfaction  of  the 
members  and  their  guests. 

The    NINTH  having   decided  to  attend   the  inauguration  of 

£">  o 

President  James  A.  Garfield,  at  Washington,  on  the  4th  of 
March,  the  regiment  left  New  York  on  the  evening  of  the  ^d, 

<"»  *>  *-* 

by  the  Bound  Brook  route,  but  such  was  the  press  of  travel  on 
the  road  that  the  train  did  not  reach  Baltimore  until  daylight 

j         O 

of  the  4th.  Breakfast  had  been  ordered  to  be  delivered  at  the 
depot  at  four  o'clock,  but  it  was  a  full  hour  after  that  before 
the  cars  rolled  in.  Hastily  swallowing  what  could  most 
readily  be  obtained,  the  trip  was  resumed  in  the  midst  of  a 
drizzling  rain-storm,  which,  in  fact,  had  prevailed  during  the 
whole  night.  The  prospects  were  not  cheering,  and  the  many 
delays  caused  a  good  deal  of  grumbling,  for  fear  that  the  great 
ceremony  would  be  over  before  the  regiment  reached  the 
capital.  It  was  high  noon  before  the  train  drew  into  the  old 
depot,  used  during  the  war  ;  the  rain  had  ceased,  however,  and 
the  regiment  marched  at  once  towards  the  Capitol,  near  which 
it  halted.  President  Garfield  was  at  that  moment  taking  the 
oath  of  office.  After  the  impressive  ceremonies  were  concluded 
the  procession  re-formed,  marching  down  Pennsylvania  Avenue, 
President  Garfield  and  ex-President  Grant  reviewing  the  col- 

o 

umn  from  a  stand  in  front  of  the  White  House.  The  city 
was  filled  with  visitors,  both  military  and  civic.  The  Cleve 
land  Grays,  of  Cleveland,  Ohio,  were  the  President's  special 
escort,  and  attracted  much  attention  by  their  soldierly  and 
gentlemanly  bearing.  Many  Republican  campaign  clubs  were 
in  the  procession,  and  prominent  among  them  were  the  Phil 
adelphia  "  Invincibles." 


l88i  INAUGURATION    OF    PRESIDENT    GARFIEI.l).  613 

After  passing-  the  reviewing  stand,  the  NINTH  continued  its 
march  towards  Georgetown,  and  then,  countermarching, 
brought  up  at  the  quarters — the  train  of  cars  upon  which  it 
came  from  New  York.  The  men  were  then  dismissed  till  noon 
the  next  clay,  in  order  to  give  all  an  opportunity  of  seeing  the 
sights  of  the  Capital  City.  Many  of  the  war  veterans  extended 
their  trip  into  Virginia,  crossing  by  the  Long  Bridge,  and,  for 
a  moment,  felt  somewhat  surprised  when  their  passes  were  not 
demanded  by  armed  sentries  at  the  bridge  heads.  Many  of 
the  men  "  made  a  night  of  it, "and  in  common  with  those  visit 
ors  who  could  not — or  didn't  want  to — find  accommodations, 
passed  the  hours  in  going  about  from  point  to  point  and  view 
ing  objects  by  gas-light. 

At  one  P.  M.  on  the  sth  line  was  formed  and  the  reo-iment 

•*  S 

marched  to  the  grounds  in  front  of  the  Capitol,  where  General 
William  T.  Sherman  reviewed  the  column.  At  the  conclusion 
of  the  parade  the  officers  were  introduced  to  the  General-in- 
Chief.  About  nine  o'clock  in  the  evening  '•  All  aboard"  was 
shouted,  and  the  train  moved  off  towards  home,  New  York 
being  reached  at  noon  of  Sunday,  the  6th.  As  a  new  city 
ordinance  prohibited  band  music  on  the  Sabbath,  the  regiment 
was  obliged  to  take  the  "  route  step  "  to  the  armory,  where 
they  arrived  in  clue  time  and  were  dismissed,  well  pleased  with 
their  three  clays'  outing. 

On  the  22nd  of  April  the  NINTH  paraded  with  the  First 
brigade,  General  William  G.  Ward,  to  which  it  had  been  trans 
ferred.  On  the  1 2th  of  May  the  brigade  enjoyed  a  field  day 
at  Prospect  Park,  in  Brooklyn,  the  commanding  officer  put 
ting  the  troops  through  the  regulation  movements.  During 
the  exercises  of  Memorial  Day — on  the  3Oth — a  salute  was  fired 
in  honor  of  the  presence  of  the  Secretary  of  \Var,  Mr.  Robert 
T.  Lincoln,  son  of  the  martyred  President.  On  June  5th  the 
annual  sermon  was  preached  to  the  regiment  by  the  chaplain. 

An  interesting  event  in  July  was  the  celebration  of  the  twen 
tieth  birthday  of  old  Company  I,  on  the  i6th.  The  boys  called 
it  a  grand  Mish  Mash,  and  the  Mash  was  Mished  at  the  Utah 
House,  corner  of  Twenty-fifth  Street  and  Eighth  Avenue. 


6 14  TIIK  NINTH  NEW  YORK.  1881 

Captain  George  A.  Hussey  presided,  and  also  acted  as  toast- 
master.  Over  two  hundred  sat  about  the  tables,  and  after  the 
creature  comforts  had  been  discussed,  songs,  stories  and 
speeches,  whiled  away  the  time  until  the  "  wee  sma'  hours 
ayont  the  twal,"  when  "  three  times  three "  were  given  for 
Company  I  anil  old  times,  and  the  happy  company  dispersed. 

General  Ambrose  E.  Burnsicle  died  on  September  1 3th,  and 
was  buried  at  Providence,  R.  I. 

It  will  be  recalled  how  the  news  of  the  attempted  assassina 
tion  of  President  Garfielcl,  on  July  2nd,  by  the  miserable  Gui- 
teau,  shocked  the  country,  and,  in  fact,  the  whole  civilized  world. 
During  the  long  summer  days  the  patient  sufferer  bore  his 
trials  with  heroic  fortitude,  but  at  last,  on  the  igth  of  Septem 
ber,  he  breathed  his  last.  It  was  not  until  the  2ist  that  the 
official  notice  was  issued  from  state  headquarters,  and  three 
days  later  before  the  First  division  order  was  promulgated  : 

HKADQUARTERS  FIRST  Divisfox. 
NATIONAL  GUARD  STATE  OF  NK\V  YORK, 

155  AND  157  MKRCKR  STREET, 
New  York,  September  i\th,  1881. 

GENERAL  ORDERS,    \ 

No.  ii.  f  > 

The  following  General  Orders  from  General  Headquarters  announcing  the  death 
of  the  President  of  the  United  States,  is  hereby  promulgated  : 

GENERAL  HEADQUARTERS,  STATE  OF  NEW  YORK, 

ADJUTANT-GENERAL'S  OFFICE, 

Albany,  September  2 is/,  1881. 

GENERAL  ORDERS,  ) 
No.   23.  f 

I.  It  has  become  the  painful  duty  of  the  Commander-in-Chief  to  announce  to  the 
National  Guard  of  this  State  the  death,  at  Long  Branch,  New  Jersey,  on  the  evening 
of  the  igth  instant,  of  JAMES  A.  GARFIELD,  President  of  the  United  States.     In   pro 
found  grief,  in  common  with  the  people  of  the  whole  country,  he  bows  in  humble  sub 
mission  to  the  Supreme  will  of  Almighty  God,  who  in  the  impenetrable  mysteries  of 
His  own  purposes  has  suffered  so  baneful  an  affliction  to  fall  upon  the  Nation.     Indeed, 
well  may  the  whole  people  mourn  the  death  of  such  a  man,  so  loving  and  tractable 
in  childhood  ;  so  earnest,  self-poised  and  dutiful  in  youth  ;  in   manhood,  the  polished 
scholar,  the  brilliant  orator,  the  profound  statesman,  and  the  Christian  soldier  whose 
patriotism  gallantly  culminated  on  the  battle-fields  of  his  country.     This  is  the   man, 
this  the  ruler,  who,  by  the  foul  act  of  the  assassin,  has  been  stricken  in  death,  from  the 
exalted  position  to  which  the  acclaim  of  the  people  had  elevated  him. 

II.  As  a  tribute  of  respect  to  the  memory  of  the  deceased  President,  and  indicative 


1 882  DEATH    OF    PRESIDENT    GARFJELD.  615 

of  the  grief  which  shakes  the  Nation,  the  Commander-in-Chief  directs  that  for  the 
ensuing  six  months  the  officers  of  the  National  Guard  of  this  State  will  wear  crape  upon 
the  left  arm  and  upon  the  sword  hilt,  as  prescribed  in  paragraph  305  of  the  General 
Regulations,  and  that  for  the  same  period,  all  regimental  colors  on  occasions  of  cere 
mony,  be  furled  and  draped  with  crape,  and  until  and  including  the  day  of  the  funeral 
obsequies,  the  National  color  be  hoisted  half-staff  on  all  of  the  armories  and  arsenals 
of  the  State,  and  the  commanding  officers  of  batteries  will,  at  dawn  on  the  day  suc 
ceeding  the  receipt  of  this  order,  cause  thirteen  guns  to  be  fired,  and  afterwards  at 
intervals  of  thirty  minutes,  between  the  rising  and  setting  of  the  sun,  a  single  gun, 
and  at  the  close  of  the  day  a  national  salute  of  thirty-eight  guns. 
By  order  of  the  Commander-in-Chief, 

FREDERICK  TOWNSEND, 
Major-General  and  Adjutant-General,  S.  N,  Y. 
Official. 

(Signed)  J.  B.  STONEHOUSE, 

Col.  and  Act'g  A.  A.-G.,  S.  N.  Y. 

By  order  of  Major-General  ALEXANDER  SHAI.ER. 

HENRY  A.  GILDERSLEEVE. 
Co/one/,  A.  A.  Gen/,  and  Chief  of  Staff. 

On  the  5th  of  October  the  annual  Fall  inspection  took 
place,  and  this  closed  the  important  events  in  the  history  of 
the  NINTH  for  the  year. 

1882. 

On  the  22nd  of  March  Colonel  Ryder  resigned  his  commis 
sion  in  the  National  Guard,  after  nearly  twenty-five  years 
service.  He  enlisted  in  Company  H,  Seventh  regiment,  Sep 
tember  nth,  1855  ;  October  nth,  1858,  was  promoted  Left  gen 
eral  guide,  and  on  January  5th,  1859,  was  made  Right  general 
guide.  In  September,  i86r,he\vas  Second  Sergeant  of  Com 
pany  H;  on  March  2Oth,  1862,  Second  Lieutenant  of  Company 
E  ;  First  Lieutenant,  August  28th,  1863  ;  Captain,  September 
29th,  1864;  Lieutenant-Colonel,  April  ist,  1872;  resigned  Sep 
tember  ist,  1876.  Elected  Colonel  of  the  NINTH,  January 
1 6th,  1879. 

Fortunately  for  the  interests  of  the  regiment,  there  was 
practical  unanimity  in  the  choice  of  a  successor  to  Colonel 
Ryder,  for  in  less  than  a  month,  on  April  1 7th,  Lieutenant- 
Colonel  William  Seward,  Jr.,  late  of  Third  brigade  staff,  and 


6l6  THE    NINTH    NEW    YORK.  1882 

formerly  Major  of  the  regiment,  was  elected.  He  entered  the 
military  service  in  Company  E,  Seventh  regiment,  Oct.  ist, 
1858  ;  was  promoted  Corporal,  June  5,  1860 — in  the  U.  S. 
service  from  April  iQth  to  June  3d,  1861 — Sergeant,  Jan.  3  ; 
First  Lieutenant,  June  2,  1862  ;  in  the  U.  S.  service  from  May 
25th  to  Sept.  5th,  1862 — also,  from  June  i6th  to  July  20, 
1863 — resigned  Oct.  ist,  1863. 

Commissioned  Adjutant  NINTH  regiment  Sept.  22,  1866  ; 
Major,  June  8th,  1868  ;  Lieut.-Colonel  and  Asst.  Adjutant- 
General  Third  brigade,  April  ist,  1870;  Brevet-Colonel  N.  G. 
S.  N.  Y.  Jan.  3 ist,  1879;  Colonel,  NINTH  regiment,  April  I7th, 
1882. 

On  the  iQth  Company  I  gave  an  exhibition  bayonet  drill 
at  the  armory,  in  competition  with  the  uniformed  members 
of  the  Veteran  Association  of  the  old  Fifth  New  York  Vol 
unteers — Duryea's  Zouaves.  The  New  York  Times  gave  this 
account  of  the  affair  : 

The  zouaves  were  dressed  in  the  old  uniform,  red  bag-trousers  with  white  leggings, 
blue  zouave  jacket,  and  fez  with  tassel.  'They  were  armed  with  short  rifles  and  sword 
bayonets,  and  were  under  the  command  of  Captain  Andrew  Coats.  Company  I  wore 
their  regular  fatigue  uniform  and  carried  the  State  rifle  and  bayonet.  Captain  George 
A.  Hussey  was  in  command.  The  drill  was  a  very  fine  one,  both  squads  showing  the 
care  that  had  been  taken  in  their  instruction.  The  zouaves  drilled  according  to 
McClellan's  tactics,  the  NINTH  according  to  Upton's.  It  is  almost  impossible  to  make 
a  distinction  between  the  two  commands  as  regards  proficiency.  The  drill  and  uniform 
of  the  zouaves  were  the  most  showy,  but  the  men  of  the  NINTH  were  solid  and  ready- 
all  the  time.  It  is  sufficient  to  say  that  the  audience  were  very  much  pleased  and 
expressed  their  delight  by  frequent  applause.  Among  the  guests  present  were  Gen 
erals  Abram  Duryee,  McOuade,  Fraser  and  Locke,  and  Colonels  Cruger,  Scott  and 
Montgomery,  with  their  staffs.  After  the  drill,  dancing  was  in  order  and  was  kept  up 
until  a  late  hour. 

• 

A  few  evenings  after,  Company  H  gave  a  reception,  a 
report  of  which  we  copy  from  the  New  York  Mercury  : 

Company  H  of  this  command,  Captain  Henry  G.  Chapman,  held  its  closing  drill 
and  reception  at  the  armory  on  West  Twenty-sixth  Street  a  few  evenings  since.  The 
programme  was  opened  with  an  exhibition  drill  which  was  executed  with  great  exact 
ness  and  elicited  rounds  of  applause  from  the  visitors.  After  drilling  for  half  an  hour 
or  more  the  following  organizations  arrived  and  were  warmly  received  by  Company 
H;  Company  E,  Eighth  regiment,  Captain  J.  J.  Horgan  ;  Company  K,  Twelfth  regi 
ment,  Captain  William  V.  King;  Company  E,  Fourteenth  regiment,  Captain  J.  K.. 


COLONEL   WILLIAM   SEWARD,   JR. 


1382  A    STATE    CAMP    ESTABLISHED.  617 

Barlow  ;  and  Washington  Light  Battery.  Captain  Ferdinand  P.  Earle.  Adjutant 
Charles  L.  Housman  formed  the  battalion,  with  Captain  Chapman  in  command,  for 
dress-parade  and  review,  and  with  good  alignments  and  steady  step  the  review  was 
received  by  Major  T.  B.  Rand  and  staff,  of  the  NINTH  regiment.  After  the  review 
Captain  Chapman  in  a  neat  speech  complimented  Company  H  on  its  growth  and  effi 
ciency  and  presented  Corporal  F.  A.  Gale  with  a  handsome  diamond  badge  for  having 
obtained  the  greatest  number  of  recruits  during  the  year.  The  next  feature  on  the 
programme  was  the  presentation  to  Captain  Chapman  of  a  handsome  sword  and  belt 
by  the  members  of  his  company.  This  pleasing  ceremony,  which  completely  took 
Captain  Chapman  by  surprise,  was  gracefully  performed  by  Captain  G.  Henry  Witt- 
liaus.  who  in  his  speech  paid  a  high  compliment  to  Captain  Chapman  for  the  zeal  he 
has  at  all  times  manifested  in  behalf  of  the  NINTH  regiment.  The  recipient  cf  this 
testimonial  of  regard  and  esteem  eloquently  responded  and  was  loudly  cheered.  A 
reception  followed  with  Lieutenant  W.  R.  dough  as  floor  manager,  and  First  Sergeant 
R.  S.  Capen  as  his  aid.  The  entertainment  was  a  very  enjoyable  one,  and  dancing 
was  kept  up  till  a  late  hour.  Adjutant  Johnston,  of  the  Eighth  regiment,  formerly 
commander  of  the  company,  was  present  and  took  deep  interest  in  the  movements. 

The  NINTH  participated  in  the  Memorial  Day  exercises  on 
May  3Oth.  On  the  23th  of  June  an  inspection  was  made, 
the  result  of  which  w-as  gratifying  to  all  concerned. 

1883. 

On  Washington's  birthday  Madison  Square  Garden  was 
filled  with  the  members  of  the  NINTH  and  their  friends.  After 
the  usual  drill-room  parade  and  inspection,  dancing  followed, 
and  the  amusement  was  kept  up  until  all  seemed  satisfied  and 
were  ready  to  go  home.  Memorial  Day  was  duly  observed  on 
May  30th. 

An  important  feature  was  this  year  introduced  into  the 
"  curriculum  "  of  the  National  Guard.  A  State  Camp  had  been 
established  at  Peekskill,  on  the  Hudson,  and  but  a  few  hours" 
ride  by  rail  from  the  city.  The  design  was  that  each  regiment 
and  separate  company  in  the  State — or  as  many  of  them  as  the 
limit  of  time  would  allow — should  spend  a  week — from  Satur 
day  to  Saturday — at  this  camp,  for  the  purpose  of  familiarizing 
the  men  with  camp  and  field  duties.  On  the  izj-th  of  July  the 
NINTH  reached  the  camp,  remaining  there  till  the  2ist.  On 
the  igth  the  Veterans  of  the  regiment  visited  the  camp,  and 
they  seemed  to  take  as  much  interest  in  the  affair  as  the 
"  Actives."  The  week's  stay  was  of  great  benefit  to  the  regi- 


6lS  THE    NINTH    NEW    YORK.  1883 

ment.  Many  of  the  members  had  never  slept  under  canvas 
before.  The  strict  discipline  maintained  while  the  men  were 
on  duty,  and  the  regularity  with  which  all  service  was  per 
formed,  showed  the  young  men  something  of  military  life  in 
the  field. 

From  the  Adjutant-General's  report  for  this  year  we  cull 
interesting  facts  respecting  the  regiment,  with  special  reference 
to  its  tour  of  duty  at  the  camp  : 


This  regiment  was  encamped  seven  days,  with  an  average  daily  attendance  of  five 
hundred  and  nineteen,  for  which  sixty-four  prescriptions  were  issued,  being  less  than 
thirteen  per  cent,  on  duty  daily.  The  average  daily  temperature  was  seventy-eight 
degrees  Fahr.  The  number  excused  from  duty  on  account  of  illness  was  twenty-four  ; 
of  which,  however,  but  one  was  transferred  to  the  hospital,  who  was  a  member  of  the 
band.  The  largest  item  of  the  disorders  is  diarrhoea,  which  constituted  about  thirty 
per  cent,  of  the  total  list.  The  medical  record  of  this  organization  is  admirable,  and 
could  not  have  been  attained  had  their  medical  officers  been  inattentive  to  their  duties. 

« 

The  regular  army  officer  —  a  veteran  of  the  war  —  who  was 
detailed  to  visit  the  State  Camp  and  report  to  the  Adjutant- 
General  of  the  Army  at  Washington  upon  the  condition  of  the 
troops  there,  said  : 


On  the  I  Qth  of  July,  I  made  a  second  visit  to  the  camp,  in  obedience  to  orders  from 
General  Hancock,  and  at  the  special  request  of  tillable  Adjutant-General  of  the  State, 
General  John  G.  Farnsworth. 

It  seems  that  the  presence  of  an  army  officer  in  camp  is  regarded  as  a  recognition 
of  the  standing  and  importance  of  the  National  Guard  on  the  part  of  the  War  Depart 
ment,  and  the  country  now  and  for  the  future.  All  seem  anxious  to  bring  the  two 
branches  of  the  service,  so  to  speak,  into  closer  relations.  I  was  treated  with  the  great 
est  possible  courtesy  and  hospitality  by  all  the  staff.  I  came  in  company  with  the  Adju 
tant-General,  and  Governor  Cleveland,  who  was  received  handsomely  by  the  NINTH 
regiment,  now  in  camp,  Colonel  Seward  commanding,  and  the  Sixth  Separate  Com 
pany  (the  Troy  Citizens  Corps),  Captain  Cusack  commanding,  and  the  guard  and  the 
staff,  with  all  the  honors  due  to  the  Commander-in  Chief,  emphasized  still  more  by  a 
marching  review  and  dress-parade.  The  latter  contained  some  additions  of  ceremony 
not  laid  down  in  the  tactics.  I  staid  over  in  camp  next  day  in  order  to  witness  every 
thing  that  was  done.  Simultaneously  with  police  call  after  reveille,  came  the  first 
detail  for  the  target  range,  composed  of  two  companies  of  the  NINTH,  with  their  own 
officers,  the  regimental  inspector  of  rifle  practice,  and  Colonels  Gilette  and  David. 
The  work  was  volley  firing  in  ranks  at  one  hundred  yards,  and  skirmish  fire  at  from 
fifty  to  three  hundred  yards,  measurably  well  done  and  carefully  superintended.  There 
is  much  coaching  of  the  marksmen,  and  some  of  them  learn  rapidly,  but  with  it  is  more 


1883  RF.  PORTS    UPON'    THE    CAMP    OF    INSTRUCTION  619 

or  less  excitement  of  voicj  and  manners,  which  is  had.  The  calmness  of  habitual  com 
mand  is  especially  needed  when  troops  are  tiring.  After  guard-mount  came  company 
and  battalion  drill.  It  would  be  insidious  to  criticise  when  the  drill  is  for  instruction 
of  officers  and  men  and  where  the  scholars  are  only  learning  their  lessons.  :|i  *  * 
The  opportunity  afforded  by  this  encampment  for  instruction  of  the  solitary  companies 
in  the  school  of  the  battalion  is  too  important  to  be  overlooked. 

As  the  National  Guard  has  supplanted  the  old  militia,  it  may  be  regarded  as  the 
first  army  reserve  to  be  called  out  in  case  of  war,  and  steps  should  be  taken  to  increase, 
strengthen  and  improve  it  for  both  State  and  National  purposes. 

What  are  twelve  thousand  soldiers  partially  equipped,  little  drilled,  and  kept  up  by 
voluntary  rules  of  discipline  to  a  population  in  its  own  State  of  five  millions  of  people  ! 

The  question  of  improving,  increasing  and  utilizing  the  National  Guard  as  a  National 
Reserve,  or  sort  of  Landwehr,  is  one  of  great  nicety  and  calls  for  discussion  by  our  mili 
tary  thinkers  and  writers.  The  National  Guard  of  the  Empire  State  of  New  York 
goes  into  camp  one  week  in  two  years;  the  Landwehr,  in  Germany,  eight  weeks  every 
year. 

Very  respectfully.  General, 

Your  obedient  servant, 

O.  B.  WILLCOX, 
Colonel  and  Brevet  Major-General. 

Following  is  the  report  of  Colonel  Seward. 

HEADQUARTERS  NINTH  REGIMENT,  N.  G.  S.  N.  Y. 

Xew  York,  December  \^th,  1883. 
'Major-General  J.G.  FARXSWORTH, 

Adjutant-General,  State  of  New  York  : 

GENERAL  : — I  have  the  honor  to  report  that,  in  compliance  with  Special  Order  No. 
47,  C.  S.,  of  May  16,  from  General  Headquarters,  State  of  New  York,  this  regiment 
assembled  at  its  armory  on  Saturday,  July  Hth,  1883,  at  1 1.30  A.  M.,  and  at  i  2.30  P.  M. 
proceeded  to  the  foot  of  Twenty-second  Street,  North  River,  where  it  embarked  on, 
steamer  Long  Brandt,  545  strong,  exclusive  of  its  band  of  51  pieces,  which  also 
accompanied  it,  for  the  State  Camp  of  Instruction  at  Peekskill,  arriving  at  Roa  Hook 
at  4.30  P.  M.  and  entering  camp,  formally  relieved  the  Nineteenth  Separate  Company, 
Captain  W.  Haubennestel  of  Poughkeepsie. 

The  Sixth  Separate  Company,  Captain  James  W.  Cusack  commanding,  assigned 
to  my  command,  arrived  shortly  after,  from  Troy,  80  strong,  and  were  at  once  quar 
tered  on  my  right  in  camp. 

Before  leaving  my  armory  it  is  proper  for  me  here  to  state  I  detailed  my  guard,  and 
likewise  appointed  my  officer  of  the  guard  and  officer  of  the  day. 

After  each  of  the  several  companies  had  taken  possession  of  the  various  quarters 
assigned  them  in  camp,  the  respective  commandants  at  once  commenced  drawing  the 
quartermaster's  supplies,  after  which  the  regiment  partook  of  supper  at  6  P.  M..  and 
at  7.30  P.  M.  dress-parade  was  held. 

The  following  day,  Sunday,  the  ijth,  the  regiment  attended  divine  service  in  the 
morning  on  the  parade  ground,  the  Rev.  Henry  Ward,  of  Poughkeepsie,  officiating, 
my  own  chaplain,  the  Rev.  E.  A.  Reed,  being  abroad  in  Europe.  Owing  to  a  steady 
rain-storm  setting  in  at  5  P.  M..  dress-parade  had  to  be  dispensed  with,  guard-mount, 
however,  having  taken  place  at  9  A.  M. 


62O  THE    NINTH    NEW     YORK.  1883 

With  the  dawn  of  Monday,  the  i6th,  rifle  practice  opened  on  the  range  at  6  A.  M., 
continuing  all  clay  until  6  P.  M  ,  except  intermission  for  meals,  and  this  was  repeated 
daily,  with  the  exception  of  the  afternoon  of  the  igth,  when  the  annual  muster  and 
inspection  took  place. 

Likewise  on  Monday,  the  i6th,  the  regular  company,  battalion  and  regimental 
drills  began,  and  during  the  entire  encampment  were  repeated  daily,  except  on  the 
morning  of  Wednesday,  the  i8th,  when  my  surgeon  advised  me,  o\ving  to  the  intense 
heat,  that  it  would  be  most  prudent  to  suspend  the  morning  drill,  which  I  accordingly 
did.  Guard  mounting  was  performed  daily  at  9  A.  M.,  and  dress-parade  was  held  at 
7.30  P.  M. 

On  Thursday,  the  ipth.  I  was  honored  by  the  arrival  in  cam])  of  his  excellency, 
Governor  Cleveland,  Commander-in-Chief,  accompanied  by  his  staff  and  Colonel  Will- 
cox,  Twelfth  infantry,  United  States  Army  ;  the  Governor's  salute  being  fired  and 
regiment  parading  and  receiving  him  with  due  military  honors,  every  member  of  my 
command  deeply  realizing  and  appreciating  the  special  honor  he  thus  conferred  on  the 
NINTH  regiment.  In  the  afternoon  the  annual  inspection  and  muster  was  held  on 
the  parade  ground,  and  later  on  his  excellency.  Governor  Cleveland,  Commander-in- 
Chief,  accompanied  by  his  staff,  accepted  a  review  and  marching  salute.  To  him,  for 
his  distinguished  consideration  and  attendance,  I  desire  to  return  my  especial  thanks. 

On  Saturday,  the  2ist,  I  broke  camp  at  noon,  and  after  having  the  same  properly 
cleaned  up  and  turning  over  all  the  State  property,  which  I  had  drawn  and  received  on 
my  arrival,  to  Brigadier-General  Wylie,  I  left  the  camp  in  charge  of  the  Sixth  Separate 
Company,  Captain  Jas.  W.  Cusack,  and  embarking  my  command  on  the  steamer 
Long  Branch  left  Roa  Hook  at  i  P.  M.,  reaching  the  foot  of  West  Twenty-second 
Street,  New  York,  at  4  P.  M.  and  my  armory  at  4.30  P.  M.,  where,  after  addressing  my 
command  on  the  servive  they  had  completed,  I  dismissed  them. 

I  am  thoroughly  satisfied  with  the  beneficial  results  to  my  regiment  of  the  tour  of 
camp  duty,  and  the  results  will  be  made  more  manifest  if  this  privilege  is  year  after 
year  repeated,  and  I  would  earnestly  recommend  that  suitable  provision  be  made  so 
that  each  organization  in  the  State  can  be  sent  into  camp  at  least  eight  days 
annually. 

The  grounds  at  Peekskill  are  admirably  adapted  for  the  purpose,  and  in  my  judg 
ment  should  be  purchased  by  the  State  authorities,  so  that  a  permanent  Camp  of  In 
struction  could  be  established. 

There  is  ample  room  to  accommodate  two  regiments  at  a  time,  and  by  so  doing 
there  would  be  no  difficulty  whatever  in  giving  the  entire  National  Guard  of  the  State 
an  opportunity  for  improvement  which  has  heretofore  been  denied  them.  It  is  only 
just  to  say  that  on  occasions  when  their  services  have  been  required  by  either  the 
National,  the  State  or  the  city  authorities  they  have  always  responded  with  full  ranks 
and  promptly  met  every  demand  made  upon  them,  and  it  seems  to  me  but  fair  that 
every  facility  possible  should  be  given  them  to  maintain  and  improve  their  efficiency. 

If  rifle  practice  is  in  the  future  as  in  the  past  to  be  combined  with  the  tour  of  camp 
duty,  I  would  most  respectfully  suggest  that  the  range  at  Peekskill  be  increased  in 
size  and  at  least  double  the  amount  of  target  accommodation  furnished,  as  it  would 
greatly  facilitate  matters.  The  present  range,  what  there  is  of  it,  is  most  admirable, 
and  the  sliding  target  used  there  I  consider  far  superior  to  the  Creedmoor  iron  target. 
\Vhile  on  this  subject,  I  desire  most  earnestly  to  thank  Brigadier-General  Chas.  F. 
Robbins,  General  Inspector  of  Rifle  Practice,  and  his  most  able  assistants,  Lieutenant- 
Colonel  Lewis  W.  Gillett  and  Lieutenant-Colonel  A.  L.  David,  for  their  many  cour- 


1883  REPORT    OF    COLONEL    SKWAR1),    JR.  621 

tesies  and  especially  for  their  daily  faithful  and  untiring  field  services  on  the  range  with 
my  command,  lending  most  valuable  assistance  to  my  own  inspector  of  rifle  practice. 
My  thanks  are  due  and  tendered  to  the  several  officers  of  the  regimental  staff  for 
the  care  and  attention  which  each  gave  to  their  duties ;  the  burdens  of  the  command 
ing  officer  were  sensibly  lightened  in  the  assumption  of  responsbility  by  these  officers 
and  their  intelligent  execution  of  the  orders  pertaining  to  their  several  departments. 

I  cannot,  however,  close  my  report  without  acknowledging  my  obligations  to  the 
officers  of  the  staff  of  the  Commander-in-Chief  for  their  constant  and  unremitting 
attention  in  every  possible  way  to  make  our  duty  as  pleasant  and  profitable  as  possible, 
and  to  General  Wylie,  Colonel  Story  and  Colonel  Phisterer  I  am  especi  ally  indebted 
in  this  regard,  all  of  which  is  respectfully  submitted  by 

Very  truly,  your  obedient  servant, 

WILLIAM  SEWARD,  JR., 
Colonel  Commanding  NINTH  Regiment,  X.  G.  S.  A'.  Y. 

The  Adjutant-General's  report  further  shows  that  of  the 
thirty-four  officers,  eleven  served  in  the  regiment — or  other 
Union  organizations — during  the  war,  while  one  served  in  the 
Confederate  army. 

On  the  evening  of  the  gth  of  October  Company  G  gave 
their  annual  stag  entertainment  at  the  Utah  House.  After 
disposing  of  a  good  supper,  the  boys  let  themselves  loose  fora 
while,  and  songs,  speeches  and  instrumental  music  filled  out 
the  night. 

On  the  26th  of  November  the  one  hundredth  anniversary 
of  Evacuation  Day  was  celebrated  by  a  parade.  Rain  fell 
during  the  day  and  while  the  troops  were  on  the  march,  but 
the  programme  was  carried  through. 

1884. 

On  the  3Oth  of  January  Lieutenant-Colonel  Montgomery 
resigned  and  Major  Rand  was  advanced  to  fill  the  vacancy, 
Adjutant  C.  A.  H.  Bartlett  being  promoted  to  the  Majority. 
Lieut. -Colonel  Thomas  B.  Rand  entered  the  military  service 
as  a  member  of  the  Rifle  Club,  Boston,  — ,  1858  ;  Sergeant,  Co. 
B,  2nd  Bat.  Mass.  Vol.  Militia,  "  The  Boston  Light  Infantry," 
April  10,  1859;  discharged  Sepr.  25,  1860;  Captain,  Co.  C, 
33d  Mass.  Vols.,  July  21,  1862;  served  in  the  nth  and  2oth 
Army  corps;  mustered  out  June  29,  1865  ;  Major  NINTH  regi- 


622  THE    NINTH    NEW    YORK.  1884 

ment  N.  G.  S.  N.  Y.  June  i,  1882;  Lieut-Colonel,  Feb.  5, 
1884. 

During  April  battalion  drills  were  held  and  marked  improve 
ment  was  noticed  in  the  movements.  On  May  I2th,  the  regi 
ment  paraded,  and  marksman's  badges  were  conferred  upon 
the  successful  competitors.  Memorial  Day  was  duly  observed 
on  the  30th.  On  June  8th,  Chaplain  Reed  preached  his 
annual  sermon  to  the  regiment,  and  on  the  loth,  Creedmoor 
was  again  visited  for  rifle  practice.  During  the  month  the 
men  were  measured  for  the  new  Service  Uniform,  adopted  by 
the  State  authorities.  This  consisted  of  dark  blue  coats,  half 
Prince  Albert  style,  with  double  row  of  buttons  ;  light  blue 
pants  with  dark  blue  stripe,  and  a  low-crowned  blue  cap  with 
straight  visor.  The  old  uniform  was  given  up  with  much 
regret,  but  as  the  State  refused  to  make  appropriations  for 
special  uniforms,  all  the  State  troops  in  the  division — except 
the  Seventh  and  Twenty-second  regiments  who  still  fur 
nished  their  own — were  obliged  to  adopt  the  new  dress. 
When  the  Fall  inspection  occurred  on  the  3d  of  October,  the 
regiment  appeared  in  the  prescribed  uniform. 

On  the  28th  of  October  the  First  and  Second  divisions 
were  reviewed  by  Governor  Grover  Cleveland. 


1885  RECEPTION    AT    MADISON    SQUARE    GARDEN.  623 


CHAPTER  XXX. 

THE  "ACTIVES"  ENTERTAIN  THE  VETERANS. 

1885-1886. 

Drill  and  Reception.  —  Marksman's  Badges  Presented.  —  Exhibition  of  Games.—  The 
State  Camp.  —  Death  of  General  Grant.  —  Annual  Inspection.  —  Courtesies  Ex 
tended  by  the  Twenty-second  Regiment.  —  1886—  Death  of  General  Hancock.  — 
Company  K's  Reception.  —  "  Pat's  Military  Record."  —  The  Twenty-fifth  Anni 
versary  of  Departure  for  the  War.  —  The  "Actives"  Entertain  the  Veterans.  — 
Register  of  War  Veterans  Present.  —  Memorial  Day.  —  Celebrating  the  Muster  In 
of  June  8th,  1861.  —  National  Guard  Reorganized.  —  Veteran's  Pilgrimage  to  the 
Battle-fields.  —  Reception  at  Sharpsburg,  Md.  —  Presenting  the  Testimonal.  —  Get 
tysburg.  —  Report  of  Fall  Inspection.  —  Dedication  of  Statute  of  Liberty.  —  Efforts 
to  Secure  a  new  Armor. 


T885. 


^H 


first  event  of  the  year  to  the  NINTH  was  the  drill  and 
reception  at  Madison   Square  Garden  on   February  24th. 
From  a  report  of   the  affair,   published  in  Army   mid  Navy 
Journal,  we  gather  the  following  : 

The  bearing  of  the  men  on  parade  furnished  evidence  that  the  necessity  of  a 
proper  system  of  discipline  has  been  recognized,  and  that  the  regiment  intends  to  keep 
pace  with  the  requirements  of  the  times.  To  be  able  to  make  a  statement  to  this 
effect  gives  us  more  than  usual  satisfaction,  because  in  times  gone  by  we  have  had 
occasion  for  severely  censuring  the  regiment  on  the  very  points  where  they  now 
receive  our  commendation.  The  regiment  turned  out  commendably  in  point  of 
numbers,  and  the  uniforms  were  well-fitted.  *  *  *  Another  subject  of  favorable 
comment  is  that  white  shirt  collars,  which  evidently  must  form  a  part  on  occasions  of 
•this  sort,  were,  at  least,  uniformly  worn  and  reduced  to  a  modest  size.  *  *  * 

General  Charles  P.  Stone  was  the  reviewing  officer,  and 
was  accompanied  by  General  Shaler  and  staff.  General  Stone 
was  an  old  friend  of  the  NINTH,  the  regiment  having  served 
under  him  in  the  early  part  of  the  war.  The  review  was  exe 
cuted  with  ten  commands  of  sixteen  files.  The  paper  above 
quoted  further  said  : 


•624  THE    NINTH    NEW    YORK. 


1 88; 


After  a  fine  performance  of  the  drum  and  fife  corps,  under  direction  of  Drum- 
Major  Hill,  the  military  character  of  the  exhibition  was  lost  and  terpsichorean  exercises 
took  the  place  of  military  maneuvers.  The  display  on  the  floor  was  brilliant,  the 
audience  was  numerous,  and  the  exhibition  in  its  social  features  became  as  successful 
as  it  had  proven  in  a  military  sense.  The  N  i  NTH,  taken  as  a  whole,  showed  marked  pro 
gress,  and  we  congratulate  them  on  their  decided  improvement.  *  *  *  The  boundless 
hospitality  of  the  regiment  and  the  jolly  good-fellowship  of  its  officers,  as  shown  on 
this  occasion,  formed  a  pleasant  feature  of  the  entertainment,  and  this  account  would 
not  be  complete  if  we  had  neglected  to  mention  it.  The  Regular  Army  was  repre 
sented  by  Lieutenants  Zalinski  and  Whistler,  of  the  5th  artillery,  in  full  uniform. 

On  the  25th  of  April  marksman's  badges  were  presented 
by  Captain  G.  Henry  Witthaus,  the  Inspector  of  Rifle  Prac 
tice,  who  preceded  the  presentation  with  one  of  his  character 
istic  speeches. 

On  Saturday  evening,  May  i6th,  the  regiment,  with  a  large 
number  of  their  friends,  occupied  the  armory  for  the  purpose 
of  witnessing  the  second  annual  exhibition  of  games  by  the 
various  teams  in  the  regiment.  Running  and  walking  races, 
club  swinging,  sack  races,  hurdle  races,  roller  skating,  jump 
ing  matches,  bicycle  and  wheelbarrow  races,  and  a  three-mile 
'"  go-as-you-please "  race  made  up  the  programme.  Prizes 
were  awarded  the  successful  competitors,  and  the  occasion  was 
a  pronounced  success. 

On  the  2/th  of  June  the  NIXTH  occupied  the  State  Camp 
of  Instruction  at  Peekskill,  where,  during  the  week,  they  gained 
much  valuable  experience  in  the  duties  of  the  soldier.  Two 
days  after  the  arrival  of  the  regiment  the  camp  was  invaded  by 
the  Veteran  organization,  accompanied  by  their  lady  relatives, 
friends  and  children,  who  spent  the  day  ;  embarking  for  home 
at  eight  o'clock  in  the  evening. 

The  return  of  the  regiment  on  July  4th  was  noted  in  the 
Tribune  of  the  5th,  as  follows  : 

As  brown  as  berries  and  as  steady  as  veterans  the  men  of  the  gth  infantry 
marched  to  their  armory  last  evening  from  the  Grand  Central  Depot,  where  they  had 
arrived  at  5  P.  M.  from  the  State  Camp.  A  week  of  field  duty  made  a  great  improve 
ment  in  the  command.  Their  officers  spoke  with  enthusiasm  of  the  good  behavior  of 
the  men.  The  regiment  returned  under  the  command  of  Lieutenant-Colonel  Thomas 
B.  Rand,  Colonel  Seward  having  gone  to  New-Hamburg  to  spend  a  few  days.  After 


1885       DEATH  OF  EX-1'RESIDEXT, GENERAL  GRANT.       62r 

a  dusty  march  from  the  camp  to  the  cars,  after  being  relieved  by  the  7ist  infantry  in 
the  afternoon,  the  regiment  was  compelled  to  stand  for  half  an  hour  without  shelter  at 
Roa  Hook  station  waiting  for  the  train  in  a  pouring  rain.  After  boarding  it  the  men 
occupied  themselves  in  removing  the  mud  from  their  uniforms  as  best  they  could. 
When  the  line  was  formed,  after  reaching  the  city,  they  looked  as  if  they  had  seen  service. 
They  marched  down  Forty-second  Street,  and  Seventh  Avenue,  to  Twenty-sixth  Street, 
to  their  armory.  On  the  route  they  were  warmly  greeted,  especially  at  the  St.  Cloud 
Hotel,  of  which  the  Lieutenant-Colonel  is  one  of  the  proprietors.  The  hotel  was  gayly 
decorated  and  their  friends  saluted  them  with  packs  of  fire-crackers  and  other  squibs 
that  they  had  prepared  for  the  occasion.-  The  men  were  halted  in  front  of  the  armory 
and  faced  to  the  front  and  Lieutenant-Colonel  Rand  addressed  them  as  follows  : 
"  Men  of  the  NINTH  regiment  :  Colonel  Sevvard  desired  me  to  say  to  you  that  he  appre 
ciates  exceedingly  the  manner  in  which  the  officers  and  men  have  conducted  them 
selves  in  camp,  and  in  this  the  field  and  staff  heartily  unite.  Your  behavior  will  add 
greatly  to  the  fame  and  glory  of  the  old  NINTH  regiment." 

Then  the  two  wings  marched  into  the  building  by  separate  entrances  and  the  band 
played  "  Home,  Sweet  Home."  Throngs  of  friends  and  relatives  surrounded  the 
soldiers,  with  whom,  when  they  had  broken  ranks,  they  departed,  glad  to  be  home,  but 
wishing  they  could  soon  have  another  week  in  camp. 

Major  Clifford  A.  H.  Bartlett  told  a  Tribune  reporter  that  the  regiment  had  a 
better  record  for  health  at  the  State  Camp  than  any  that  had  ever  been  there.  Assist 
ant  Surgeon  A.  H.  Doty  confirmed  this  statement,  say%ing  that  during  their  sojourn 
there,  there  had  not  been  but  one  man  in  the  hospital  and  only  five  excused  from  duty 
out  of  the  active  command  of  nearly  750  men,  including  the  4Oth  and  4ist  Separate 
Companies  from  Syracuse. 

In  a  little  over  a  month  after  the  regiment  returned  from 
the  State  Camp,  it  was  called  upon  to  participate  in  the  obse 
quies  attending  the  burial  of  General  U.  S.  Grant,  ex-Presi 
dent  of  the  United  States.  It  is  hardly  necessary,  here,  to 
relate  the  circumstances  attending  the  long  illness  and  death 
of  this  truly  great  man  and  soldier.  Alllicted  with  an  incur 
able  malady,  he  struggled  heroically  against  the  enemy,  but 
was  finally  compelled  to  make  an  unconditional  surrender  on 
July  23d.  The  following  order  was  issued  from  brigade 
headquarters  : 

HEADQUARTERS  FIRST  BRIGADE,  FIRST  DIVISION,  N.  G.  S.  N.  Y., 

No.  48  PINE  STREET, 

New  York,  August  jth,  1885. 
GENERAL  ORDERS,  ( 
No.  6,  \ 

I.  Pursuant  to  General  Orders  No.  8,  c.  s.  Orders  from  Headquarters  First 
Division,  this  brigade  will  parade  in  full  dress  uniform,  light  marching  order,  Field 
and  Staff  mounted,  on  Saturday,  the  8th  day  of  August,  1885,  to  take  part  in  the  last 
sad  rites  over  the  remains  of  the  Nation's  Dead,  General  and  Ex-President  Ulysses 
S.  Grant. 


626  THE    NINTH    NEW    YORK.  1885 

II.  Line  will  be  forme:!   in  Broadway,  East  si:le,  left  of  brigade  resting  on  or  near 
Twenty-third  Street,  to  be  ready  to  move   at  9  o'clock  A.  M.     The  Eleventh  infantry 
will  constitute  the  basis  of  formation. 

III.  Troops  will  wear  canteens,  and  Regimental   Commanders  will  see  that  they 
are  properly    filled  before  starting. 

IV.  The  ambulance  wagons  allotted  to   each  regiment,  will  take  post  on  its  left, 
occupying  as  little  space  as  possible. 

V.  Regimental  Commanders  will  report  to  the  Brigade  Chief  of  Staff  in  Broad 
way  on  or  near  Twenty-third  Street  at  hour  named  for  formation. 

VI.  The  22d  infantry   is  hereby  detailed  to  fire    three  volleys  over  the  tomb    of 
General  Grant. 

By  command  of  Brigadier-General  Ward, 

ROBERT  OLYPHANT, 

Assistant  Adjutant-General. 

The  NINTH  paraded  in  its  place  in  line,  and  paid  the  last 
tribute  to  the  General  who  led  the  Armies  of  the  Union  to 
victory  and  a  lasting  peace.  The  General  was  a  member  of 
the  Grand  Army  of  the  Republic,  and  at  the  tomb  the  ritual 
of  the  order  was  observed.  From  the  Grand  Army  Review 
we  copy  the  following  account 

When  the  catafalque  arrived  at  the  tomb,  Grant's  own  Post,  George  G.  Meade,  No. 
i,  of  Philadelphia,  opened  its  ranks.  The  coffin  was  conveyed  to  the  front,  the  com 
mander  at  the  head  of  the  coffin  and  the  chaplain  at  the  foot,  the  Post  grouped  behind 
the  chaplain  with  the  colors  to  the  front. 

Post  Commander  Alexander  Reed  then  said  : — Assembled  to  pay  the  last  sad 
tribute  of  respect  to  our  late  commander  and  illustrious  comrade,  U.  S.  Grant,  let  us 
unite  in  prayer.  The  chaplain  will  invoke  the  divine  blessing. 

Post  Chaplain  C.  Irvine  Wright — God  of  battles !  Father  of  all  !  amid  this 
mournful  assemblage  we  seek  Thee  with  whom  there  is  no  death.  Open  every  eye  to 
behold  Him  who  changed  the  night  of  death  into  morning.  In  the  depths  of  our 
hearts  we  would  hear  the  celestial  words,  "  I  am  the  Resurrection  and  the  Life  ;  he  that 
believeth  in  Me,  though  he  were  dead,  yet  shall  he  live."  As  comrade  after  comrade 
departs  and  we  march  on  with  ranks  unbroken,  help  us  to  be  faithful  unto  Thee  and  to 
each  other.  We  beseech  Thee  look  in  mercy  on  the  widows  and  children  of  deceased 
comrades,  and  with  Thine  own  tenderness  console  and  comfort  those  bereaved  by  this 
event  which  calls  us  here.  Give  them  "  the  oil  of  joy  for  mourning,  and  the  garment  of 
praise  for  the  spirit  of  heaviness."  Heavenly  Father  !  bless  and  save  our  country  with 
the  freedom  and  peace  of  righteousness,  and  through  Thy  great  mercy,  a  Saviour's 
grace,  and  Thy  Holy  Spirit's  favor,  may  we  all  meet  at  last  in  joy  before  Thy  throne 
in  heaven.  And  to  Thy  great  name  shall  De  praise  forever  and  ever ! 

All  comrades— Amen  ! 

Dirge  by  the  band. 

Post  Commander  Reed — One  by  one,  as  the  years  roll  on,  we  are  called  together 
to  fulfill  the  last  rites  of  respect  to  our  comrades  of  the  war.  The  present,  full  of 
the  cares  and  pleasures  of  civil  life,  fades  away,  and  we  look  back  to  the  time,  when 


1885  CEREMONIES    AT    RIVERSIDE.  627 

shoulder  to  shoulder  on  many  battle-fields,  or  around  the  guns  of  our  men-of-war,  we 
fought  for  our  dear  old  flag.  We  may  indulge  the  hope  that  the  spirit  with  which,  on 
land  and  sea,  hardship,  privation,  and  danger  were  encountered  by  our  dead  heroes  may 
never  be  blotted  out  from  the  history  or  memories  of  the  generations  to  come — a  spirit 
uncomplaining,  obedient  to  the  behest  of  duty,  whereby  to-day,  our  national  honor  is 
secure  and  our  loved  ones  rest  in  peace  under  the  protection  of  the  dear  old  flag. 
May  the  illustrious  life  of  him  whom  we  lay  in  the  tomb  to-day  prove  a  glorious  incen 
tive  to  the  youth,  who,  in  ages  to  come,  may  be  called  upon  to  uphold  the  destinies  of 
our  country.  As  years  roll  on,  we,  too,  shall  have  fought  our  battles  through  and  be 
laid  to  rest,  our  souls  following  the  long  column  to  the  realms  above,  as  grim  death 
hour  by  hour  shall  mark  its  victims.  Let  us  so  live  that  when  that  time  shall  come 
those  we  leave  behind  may  say  above  our  graves,  "  Here  lies  the  body  of  a  true-hearted, 
brave  and  earnest  defender  of  the  republic." 

Senior  Vice-Commander  Lewis  \V.  Morse  (laying  a  wreath  of  evergreen  upon  the 
coffin) — In  behalf  of  the  Post  1  give  this  tribute,  a  symbol  of  undying  love  for  comrades 
of  the  war. 

Junior  Vice-Commander  John  A.  Wilder  (laying  a  rose  upon  the  coffin) — Symbol 
of  purity,  we  offer  at  this  sepulchre  a  rose.  May  future  generations  emulate  the 
unselfish  devotion  of  even  the  lowliest  of  our  heroes. 

Past  Post  Commander  A.  J.  Sellers  (laying  a  laurel  wreath  upon  the  coffin) — Last 
token  of  affection  from  comrades  in  arms,  we  crown  these  remains  with  a  symbol  of 
victory.  , 

The  Rev.  J.  W.  Sayers,  Chaplain-in-Chief,  Pennsylvania  G.  A.  R. — The  march  of 
another  comrade  is  over,  and  he  lies  down  after  it  in  the  house  appointed  for  all  the 
living.  Thus  summoned,  this  open  tomb  reminds  us  of  the  frailty  of  human  life  and 
the  tenure  by  which  we  hold  our  own.  "  In  such  an  hour  as  ye  think  not  the  Son  of 
Man  cometh." 

It  seems  well  we  should  leave  our  comrade  to  rest  where  over  him  will  bend  the 
arching  sky,  as  it  did  in  great  love  when  he  pitched  his  tent,  or  lay  down  weary  by  the 
way  or  on  the  battle-field  for  an  hour's  sleep.  As  he  was  then  so  is  he  still,  in  the 
hands  of  the  Heavenly  Father.  God  direct  his  beloved  sleep. 

As  we  lay  our  comrade  down  here  to  rest,  let  us  cherish  his  virtues  and  strive  to 
emulate  his  example.  Reminded  forcibly  by  the  vacant  place  so  lately  filled  by  our 
deceased  brother  that  our  ranks  are  thinning,  let  each  one  be  so  loyal  to  every  virtue, 
so  true  to  every  friendship,  so  faithful  in  our  remaining  marches,  that  we  shall  be  ready 
to  fall  out  to  take  our  places  at  the  great  review,  not  with  doubt,  but  in  faith  ;  the 
merciful  Captain  of  our  salvation  will  call  us  to  that  fraternity  which  on  earth  and  in 
heaven  may  remain  unbroken.  [A  pause  for  a  moment.]  Jesus  saith,  "Thy  brother 
shall  rise  again."  "  I  am  the  Resurrection  and  the  Life."  [The  body  is  deposited  in 
the  tomb.]  Behold  the  silver  cord  having  been  loosed,  the  golden  bowl  broken,  we 
commit  the  body  to  the  grave,  where  dust  shall  return  to  the  earth  as  it  was,  and  the 
spirit  to  God  who  gave  it.  Earth  to  earth,  ashes  to  ashes,  dust  to  dust,  looking  for 
the  resurrection  and  the  life  to  come  through  our  Lord  Jesus  Christ. 

Prayer — The  Rev.  H.  Clay  Trumbull,  Chaplain, Weide  Post,  and  Chaplain-in-Chief 
of  the  Military  Order  of  the  Loyal  Legion  of  the  United  States,  Pennsylvania  Com- 
mandery. 

Bugle  call  by  Samuel  Krauss — "  Rest!" 

Rev.  Dr.  Newman  and  other  clergymen  made  appropriate  remarks.  The  Seventh 
and  Twenty-second  regiments,  N.  G.  S.  N.  Y.,  fired  three  volleys  in  the  air,  the  reg- 


628  THE    NINTH    NEW    YORK.  1885 

ular  artillery  fired  three  salvoes  and  then  a  Presidential  salute,  the  coffin  was  placed 
in  the  tomb,  the  doors  were  locked,  the  key  handed  to  Gen.  Hancock  in  a  black  velvet 
case,  by  him  to  Mayor  Grace,  by  him  to  Park  Commissioner  Crimmins,  and  the  assem 
blage  began  to  disperse  lingering!)-.  At  night  a  steel  envelope  was  riveted  over  the 
casket,  and  for  thirty  days  regular  troops,  camped  on  the  ground,  all  of  them  veterans 
who  served  under  Grant,  will  keep  watch  and  ward. 

On  the  6th  of  October  the  annual  inspection  was  held, 
and  as  the  old  armory  building  had  been  condemned  as 
unsafe,  the  ceremony  took  place  at  the  armory  of  the  Twenty- 
second  regiment,  that  organization  having  kindly  placed  their 
quarters  at  the  disposal  of  the  NINTH. 

On  the  29th,  General  George  B.  McClellan  died  at  his 
home  in  New  Jersey,  and  was  buried  in  Riverview  Cemetery 
at  Trenton.  In  1864  the  General  resigned  his  commission  in 
the  army,  and  in  1865  visited  Europe,  remaining  there  till 
1868.  For  several  years  after  his  return  he  was  engaged  in 
engineering  work.  In  1870  he  was  appointed  chief  engineer 
of  the  Department  of  Docks  of  New  York  city,  a  position  he 
retained  for  two  years.  He  was  Governor  of  New  Jersey 
from  1878  to  1881. 

On  November  25th  the  athletes  of  the  regiment  gave 
another  exhibition  of  games  at  the  armory.  This  closed  the 
interesting  events  of  the  year. 

1886. 

On  the  Qth  of  January  General  Winfield  Scott  Hancock, 
the  old  commander  of  the  Second  corps,  died.  He  was  then 
stationed  at  Governor's  Island,  in  command  of  the  Military 
Division  of  the  Atlantic.  On  the  i3th  the  remains  were 
escorted  to  Morristown,  Pa.,  where  interment  took  place. 
The  military  escort,  during  the  passage  of  the  body  through 
New  York,  was  composed  entirely  of  detachments  of  the  regu 
lar  army,  but  thousands  of  old  soldiers,  in  G.  A.  R.  uniforms, 
as  well  as  in  plain  citizen's  clothes,  followed  the  procession,  as 
a  tribute  of  respect  to  the  memory  of  the  superb  soldier. 

On  the  28th  of  April  Company  K,  Captain  James  A.  Mul 
ligan,  gave  a  reception  to  their  friends,  which  proved  to  be  a 


1886  EXPERIENCE    OF    THE     AWKWARD    SQUAD.  629 

very  enjoyable  affair.  In  common  with  all  other  militia 
organizations,  the  NINTH  was  at  times  afflicted  with  an  "awk 
ward  squad."  The  experience  of  one  of  that  number  has 
been  so  well  portrayed  in  the  following  lines,  that  they  are 
reprinted  here  : 

PAT'S  MILITARY  RECORD. 
BY  HARRY  DUVAL. 

i. 

Be  gorra,  I've  jined  the  "  Melishy," 

I'm  drissed  in  the  uniform  fine, 
To  see  me  is  all  that  I'd  wish  ye 

When  takin'  me  place  in  the  line. 
Shure,  divil  a  bit  \vud  yez  know  me, 

Wid  belts  on  me  waist  an'  me  chist, 
And  shpurning  the  ground  that's  below  me 

Whin  shtepping  out  bowld  wid  the  rest. 

II. 

And  shure  did  ye  know  that  a  sojer's 

Posishun  wud  near  break  your  back  ? 
Don't  think  that  it's  lies  that  I  tell  yez. 

Me  arms  and  me  legs  used  to  crack. 
The  eyes  strike  the  ground  at  "  an  angle," 

The  body  "  rests  well  on  the  hips," 
The  elbows  like  pokers  must  dangle 

And  divil  a  word  from  your  lips. 

III. 

Your  toes  are  turned  out  'till  I'm  fearing 

Some  day  I'll  come  down  on  me  nose; 
"  Knees  straight,  but  not  shtiffly  appearing," 

The  same  wid  your  legs,  I  suppose. 
The  "  right  face  "  and  "  lift  face  "  is  fearful, 

I'm  shure  to  turn  wrong  as  I  shtand, 
I'm  bothered  to  dith,  tho'  I'm  careful 

To  fix  twixt  me  right  and  lift  hand, 

IV. 

The  "  drissing"  don't  give  me  much  bother, 

But  wheelin's  the  divil's  own  task, 
"  Luk  one  way  and  touch  to  the  other," 

But  which  way  to  luk  I  can't  ask ; 


630  THE    NINTH    NEW     YORK.  1886 

I'm  towled  to  push  out  in  the  cintre, 

Another  one  yells  I'm  too  slow, 
Each  file  closer  proves  a  tormentor, 

And  backwards  and  forwards  I  go. 

V. 

I  thought  that  me  troubles  were  over 

When  first  I  tuk  up  wid  the  gun, 
Now,  Paddy,  says  I  "you're  in  clover," 

The  rist  of  the  drill's  only  fun  ; 
It's  aisy  enough  to  howld  rifles, 

I'll  go  through  the  motions  wid  aize 
The  Manual's  nothing  but  "  trifles," 

I  don't  think  so  now,  if  you  plaze. 

VI. 

The  "right  shoulder  shift,"  and  the  "  carry," 

Are  plisant  and  simple,  but  oh  ! 
The  "  order  arms,"  by  the  owld  Harry, 

Knocks  smithereens  out  of  me  toe. 
I  shtood  like  a  plaster  cast  image, 

As  towld,  while  I  struck  "  parade  rist," 
Tho'  flies  on  me  nose  had  a  scrimmage, 

And  put  all  me  nerves  to  the  test. 

VII. 

*'  Fix  bay 'nets  "  a  parson  would  puzzle, 

The  blade  sticking  fast  in  its  sheath  ; 
And,  clapping  it  quick  on  the  muzzle, 

I  near  drove  a  hole  in  me  teeth. 
The  clasp  wouldn't  work,  and  the  others 

Were  "  fixed  "  long  before  I  was  through 
It  isn't  the  laste  of  your  bothers, 

To  know  they're  all  waitin'  for  you. 

VIII. 

*'  Unfixing"  is  worse  than  the  other, 

The  blade  to  the  gun  sticking  fast, 
A  piece  of  me  thumb,  "  Howly  Mother," 

Comes  too,  whin  I  work  it  at  last. 
The  "  loadins  and  firms"  I'm  liking, 

I've  got  the  "  obliquing"  down  dead, 
Perhaps  you  don't  know  that  "  obliquing  " 

Is  "  Frenchy  "  for  turning  the  head. 


AC'TIVKS    KXTKKTAIX    TIIK     VETERANS.  63 1 

IX. 

At  "  Crademoor  "  I  laid  in  the  daisies, 

And  aimed  at  a  bit  of  a  blank. 
I'd  be  a  proud  man,  if  the  praises 

Were  given  for  hitting  the  "  bank." 
But,  shutting  me  eyes  whin  I  fired, 

And  giving  the  trigger  a  pull, 
I  banged  the  oxvld  gun  until  tired. 

And  divil  a  "  cintre  "  or  "  bull." 

X. 

And  now  I  am  tired  \vitl  talkin'. 

Me  throat  is  as  dhry  as  a  bone. 
Me  legs  is  that  shtiffened  \vid  walkin'. 

We'll  lave  all  the  balance  alone. 
Belave  me,  there's  plinty  of  throuble 

Along  wid  the  fun  that  you're  at, 
And  three  of  four  drills  on  the  "  double* 

Saves  fear  that  you'll  ever  get  fat. 


On  May  5th  Captain  Witthaus  was  around  again  with  the 
marksman's  badges,  and  it  was  remarked  that  unless  the  stand 
ard  was  raised,  there  would  soon  be  few  members  of  the 
regiment  but  what  would  sport  the  "  bull's  eye  "  decoration. 

On  previous  occasions  when  the  anniversary  of  the 
departure  for  the  war  was  celebrated,  the  Veteran  organiza 
tions  took  the  initiative,  but  this  year  the  active  regiment 
resolved  to  take  the  lead  and  invite  the  "vets"  to  be  their 
guests.  The  following  letter  explains  itself  : 

HKADQUARTERS,  NINTH  REGIMENT.  N.  G.  S.  N.  Y., 

New  York,  April  $t/i,  1886. 
WM.  SCOTT,  Esq., 

Commanding  NINTH  Regiment  Veterans,  New  York. 
MY  DEAR  SIR: 

At  the  regular  meeting  of  the  Board  of  Officers,  NINTH  regiment,  held  on  the  ist 
inst.,  a  resolution  was  unanimously  passed  to  celebrate  the  twenty-fifth  anniversary  of 
the  departure  of  the  regiment  to  the  seat  of  war,  by  an  early  evening  parade, 
and  a  collation  at  the  armory  at  the  conclusion.  Included  in  the  resolution  was  a 
most  hearty  and  cordial  invitation  extended  to  the  members  of  the  Veteran  Associ 
ation  and  all  Veterans  of  the  War,  to  parade  with  us  and  return  and  partake  of 
•the  collation. 

In  extending  this  invitation  let  me  say,  that  while  we  do  not  claim  that  the  lunch 
will  bear  any  comparison  to  the  dinner  which  the  Veterans  have  provided  year  after 


632  THE    NINTH    NEW    YORK.  1886 

year,  we  can  assure  you  of  a  welcome,  heartfelt  and  sincere.     In  the  hope  of  a  favor 
able  response  at  as  early  a  date  as  possible,  with  kindest  regards,  I  am,  sir, 

Very  sincerely, 

WM.  SEWARD,  JR., 

Colonel  NINTH  Regiment. 

Of  course  Commander  Scott  accepted  the  generous  invita 
tion,  and  on  the  2/th  of  May  the  twenty-fifth  anniversary 
was  duly  celebrated.  The  following  report  is  from  the  Sun 
day  Mercury  : 

This  command  celebrated  the  twenty-fifth  anniversary  of  its  departure  for  the  war 
on  Thursday  evening  with  a  parade  and  collation.  The  regiment  assembled  at  the 
armory  in  State  service  uniform  at  six  o'clock,  and  as  soon  as  line  was  formed  proceeded 
to  the  street  for  the  parade.  The  threatening  weather  did  not  deter  the  men,  but  for 
tunately  it  did  not  rain.  The  regiment  drew  up  in  line  along  Twenty-sixth  Street.  Col 
onel  Charles  R.  Braine,  who  had  been  elected  the  commandant  on  April  gth,  with  184 
of  the  Veterans,  marched  past  it.  The  actives  then  followed.  At  Fifth  Avenue  and 
Twenty-fifth  Street  the  Veterans  of  the  Seventh  regiment  gave  the  commands  a  salute, 
cheers  and  a  brilliant  display  of  fireworks.  The  line  of  march  was  continued  down 
Fifth  Avenue.  At  the  Manhattan  Club,  at  the  corner  of  Fifteenth  Street,  the  com 
mands  were  reviewed  by  Mayor  Grace  and  other  city  officials.  The  commands  then 
marched  to  Waverly  Place,  to  Broadway,  to  Union  Square  and  around  the  Washing 
ton  Monument  to  Fourth  Avenue.  Here  an  ovation  was  given  by  the  Veterans  of  the 
Twenty-second  regiment.  Fireworks,  red  lights  and  sky-rockets  made  the  air  lurid. 
The  Twenty-second  veterans  then  fell  in  behind  and  marched  to  Twenty-sixth  Street 
and  Madison  Avenue,  where  they  left  and  joined  the  Seventh's  veterans.  The 
NINTH  and  the  "  Vets  "  continued  up  Madison  Avenue  to  Thirty-sixth  Street,  then 
through  to  Fifth  Avenue,  to  Twenty-sixth  Street.  Arriving  here  the  greatest  ovation  of 
the  evening  was  given.  The  Seventh  and  Twenty-second  veterans  had  joined  together 
and  fireworks  and  cheers  innumerable  were  given.  The  regiment  then  marched  to 
the  armory,  where  a  collation  by  Ughetta,  a  corporal  in  Company  H,  was  spread.  The 
armory  was  handsomely  decorated  with  flags  and  bunting,  and  each  company  room  was 
also  profusely  festooned  and  hung  with  flags,  pictures  and  bunting.  After  supper 
speeches  were  made  by  Colonel  Seward,  Colonel  Charles  R.  Braine,  Generals  Allan, 
Rutherford  and  John  Hendrickson.  Captain  George  A.  Hussey  presented  Company 
C  with  the  Veterans'  prize  and  speeches  were  made  by  other?.  Among  those  present 
were  General  Charles  F.  Robbins,  Colonel  W.  E.  Van  Wyck,  Colonel  S.  Oscar  Ryder, 
and  many  members  of  the  Seventh  and  Twenty-second  Veterans  corps.  The  active 
regiment  paraded  with  ten  commands  of  sixteen  files,  or  407  men.  The  demonstration 
was  the  most  enthusiastic  one  we  have  seen  in  the  regiment  for  sixteen  years  and  it 
augurs  well  for  the  future.  The  Veterans'  prize  for  recruiting  was  very  closely  con 
tested  by  Companies  C  and  G.  Company  C  enlisted  twenty-two  men  during  1885 
and  Company  G  eighteen. 

On  June  ist  the  following  report  of  the  proceedings  was 
made  to  the  Veteran  Association  : 


1886  TWENTY-FIFTH    ANNIVERSARY    CELEBRATION.  633 

Your  committee  on  celebration  of  the  25th  anniversary,  have  the  honor  to  report : 
They  met  in  conjunction  with  a  similar  committee  of  the  NINTH  regiment  appointed 
from  the  Board  of  Officers  ;  and  upon  organization,  the  joint  committee  elected  as 
chairman  Commander  Wm.  Scott,  of  the  Veterans;  as  secretary,  Capt.  Theo.  H. 
Swift,  of  the  active  regiment. 

Discussion  was  then  heard  as  to  the  manner  of  carrying  out  the  celebration,  and 
after  having  been  freely  discussed,  various  sub-committees  were  appointed,  the  meet 
ing  then  adjourning  ;  subsequently  the  committee  met  a  number  of  times,  to  hear  the 
reports  of  sub-committees,  and  to  transact  such  other  business  as  might  be  brought  to 
their  attention. 

On  the  evening  of  May  2/th,  the  committee  were  early  on  hand  to  attend  to  their 
duties,  and  were  much  gratified,  as  every  one  present  must  have  been,  at  the  large 
turnout  of  the  Veterans  of  the  regiment. 

The  Veterans,  184  men  strong,  after  having  been  formed  into  companies  in  the  small 
drill  room,  were  marched  to  the  street,  under  the  command  of  Col.  Chas.  R.  Braine, 
the  companies  commanded  by  Capt.  Hoagland,  Lieut.  Buermeyer,  Lieut.  Herts,  Capt. 
George  Tuthill,  Sergt.  Jas.  S.  Burtis,  Capt.  Thos.  Griffin,  Corp.  K.  Louis  Smith,  Col. 
John  T.  Pryer,  Capt.  Henry  S.  Brooks,  and  Lieut.  Robt.  K.  Cooke ;  then  passing  in 
review  before  the  active  regiment,  stationed  in  line  on  West  Twenty-sixth  Street,  right 
resting  on  Sixth  Avenue;  the  march  was  continued  to  Filth  Avenue,  the  active  regi 
ment  having  fallen  in  on  the  left  of  the  Veterans,  thence  down  Fifth  Avenue,  to  Waverly 
Place,  to  Broadway,  to  Union  Square,  where  the  Veterans  of  the  Twenty-second 
regiment  handsomely  received  them  with  hearty  cheers,  accompanied  with  a  display 
of  fireworks  ;  here  a  slight  shower  of  rain  fell,  but  not  sufficient  to  hinder  the  march 
being  continued,  which  led  around  and  up  Fourth  Avenue  to  Twenty-third  Street,  to 
Madison  Avenue,  to  Thirty-sixth  Street,  to  Fifth  Avenue,  thence  down  Fifth  Avenue 
to  the  General  Worth  Monument.  At  that  point  the  Veterans  of  both  the  Seventh  and 
Twenty-second  regiments  were  drawn  up  in  line,  who  loudly  cheered  the  column  as  it 
marched  by,  but  their  friendly  welcome  to  the  NINTH  was  almost  drowned  in  the  bang 
and  fiz  of  the  fireworks  they  had  ordered  set  off  in  honor  of  the  occasion. 

Continuing  the  march  to  Twenty-third  Street,  the  column  followed  it  to  Seventh 
Avenue,  to  Twenty-sixth  Street,  the  Veterans  there  forming  into  line  and  lustily 
cheering  the  NINTH  Regiment  as  it  marched  by;  considering  the  fact  of  the  threatening 
weather,  the  number  of  people  out  to  see  the  Veterans,  was  a  sure  indication  of  their 
many  friends,  they  evincing  their  sympathy  for  them  in  hearty  outbursts  of  applause  at 
many  places  along  the  line  of  parade,  which  was  illuminated  throughout  with  various 
colored  lights. 

Upon  arrival  back  at  the  armory,  the  regiment  and  its  Veterans  proceeded  to  the 
large  drill  hall,  where  all  sat  down  to  a  collation  given  by  the  officers  of  the  NINTH  in 
honor  of  that  memorable  day  in  its  history,  May  27th,  1861.  204  invitations  were 
extended  to  the  war  members  of  the  regiment,  of  which  120  men  paraded,  22  of 
them  having  been  commissioned  officers.  In  the  Veteran  corps,  composed  of  113 
members,  90  men  paraded,  of  which  every  ex-commander  living  was  present.  Those 
that  were  disabled  from  wounds  or  age  were  furnished  conveyances. 

After  partaking  of  the  lunch,  the  NINTH'S  band  performed  some  excellent  music, 
one  of  it,  upon  a  cornet,  acquitting  himself  most  handsomely. 

Speeches  were  then  attentively  listened  to  from  Generals  Allan  Rutherford,  John 
Hendrickson,  and  Thomas  B.  Bunting,  Colonels  Braine,  Seward  and  Ryder,  Captains 
Tuthill,  Walter  Scott,  Griffin,  and  others.  Also  remarks  were  heard  from  several  repre- 


634  T11E    NINTH    NEW    YORK.  1886 

sentatives  of  Sister  Veteran  Corps,  notably  the  7th  and  22cl,  whereupon  all  adjourned, 

well  pleased  with  the  way  the  day,  we  celebrate,  was  honored. 

CHAS.  R.  BRAINE, 
GEO.  A.  HUSSEY, 

T.  D.   COTTMAN. 

WILLIAM  SCOTT, 
Committee. 

REGISTER   OF   THE    WAR-VETERANS    PRESENT 
ON    MAY    27x11,    1886. 

THE    TWENTY-FIFTH    ANNIVERSARY    OF    THE    DEPARTURE 
OF    THE    NINTH    FOR    THE    WAR. 

Ex-Officers. 

Benjamin  F.  Bowne,  Charles  R.  Braine, 

Henry  S.  Brooks,  Henry  E.  Buermeyer, 

Thomas  B.  Bunting,  Robert  F.  Cooke, 

John  B.  Dolan,  Matthew  S.  Gregory, 

John  Hendrickson,  Isaac  E.    Hoagland, 

Jacob  Jacobs,  Ralph  A.  Lanning, 

J.  Frederick  Munson,  Charles  J.  Nordquist,  M.  D., 

Howard  Pinkney,  M.  D.,  Allan  Rutherford, 

Edward  Shanly,  Fitzhugh  Smith, 

James  H.  Stevens,  George  Tuthill, 

John  I.  Van  Alst,  Jr.,  Henry  V.  Williamson. 

Company  A. 

Edward  O.  Baker,  Peter  W.  Johnson, 

Wiiliam  M.  Winnie. 

Company   B. 

William  H.  Bender,  Thomas  Keogh, 

Henry  Leisinger,  Jacob  Mangold,  Jr. 

Company   C. 

George  W.  Beckwith,  Emanuel  Dreyfous, 

William  A.  Elmer,  F.  Oliver  Flood, 

Abram  G.  Iffla,  John  J.  Joyce, 

Samuel  Joyce,  Gilbert  S.  King, 

Henry  D.  Lynch,  Joseph  Meyer. 


1886 


TWENTY-FIFTH    ANNIVERSARY     1'ARADE. 


635 


William  H.  Miller, 
John  T.  Pryer, 
Frank  W.  Tryon, 

Clarence  A.  Burtis, 
James  Martin, 
Horace  Schermerhorn, 
Sidney  J.  Vredenburg, 


Charles  H.  Bladen, 
Charles  McDade, 
Archibald  Stewart, 

Edward  C.  Alphonse, 
Eugene  Bissell, 
Stephen  M.  Crandell, 
Orlow  W.  Graves, 
John  W.  Haggerty, 
Thomas  L.  Hanna, 
William  L.  Heermance, 
William  B.  Osborn, 
Charles  F.  Russell, 
Charles  F.  Spaulding, 
James  B.  Taylor, 

George  I.  Buxton, 
James  H.  Hoyt, 
Charles  A.  McLaughlin, 
George  E.  Shafford, 

J.  William  Aclee, 
Thomas  Cassady, 
George  A.  Conley, 
James  Dennin, 


John  C.  Moses, 
Edward  L.  Smith, 
Henry  C.  Woodruff. 

Company   D. 

Eugene  Durnin, 
Jacob  Ritschy, 
John  W.  Springer, 
Theodore  M.  Wall, 
Frederick  H.  Wight. 

Company    E. 

Alphonse  Le  Roy, 
Edward  G.  Royce, 
Joseph  J.  Trittenback. 

Company   F. 

Samuel  Berry, 
James  S.  Burtis, 
Samuel  C.  Frazee, 
Thomas  B.  Green, 
James  R.  Halliday, 
Thomas  G.  Haviland, 
Hiram  L.  Hunt, 
George  W.  Pancoast, 
William  Scott, 
Jacob  W.  Steves, 
John  H.  Van  Wyck. 

Company  G. 

James  H.  Hegeman, 
James  M.  La  Coste, 
John  A.  Norman, 
Joseph   F.  Swords. 

Company  H. 

John  L.  Baker, 
Warren  Chapman, 
Thomas  Deacon, 
Joseph  T.  Hallock, 


636  THE    NINTH    NEW    YORK.  1886 

DeWitt  C.  Hammond,  Charles  H.  Kearney, 

Frank  C.  Martin,  William  H.  Roberts, 

Charles  Skeat,  George  E.  Smith. 

Company  I. 

George  W.  J.  Coles,  George  A.  Hussey, 

John  Moore,  George  Schubertt, 

Walter  Scott,  Ralph  Shorrock. 

Company  K.  (Battery.) 

Alfred  T.  Crane,  Robert  H.  Fowle, 

Albert  T.  Freeman,  Frank  J.  Jones. 

Company  L. 

Thomas  Burns,  William  A.  Graham, 

John  K.  Imlay,  Thomas  N.  Marcotte, 

Augustus  W.  Meade,  James  Thompson. 

RECAPITULATION. 

Ex-Officers  .......  22 

Company  A          .......  3 

B 4 

C 16 

D 9 

E  6 


I2O 


On  Monday,  the  3ist,  the  Memorial  Day  parade  occurred. 
Year  by  year  this  Holy  day  had  acquired  new  interest.  On 
this  occasion  the  military  display  was  most  imposing.  On  the 
24th  the  following  regimental  order  was  issued  : 


1886  CELEBRATION    OF    THE    DATE    OF    MUSTER    IN.  637 

HEADQUARTERS  NINTH  REGIMENT, 
FIRST  BRIGADE,  FIRST  DIVISION,  N.  G.  S.  N.  Y. 

New  York,  A  fay  24^,  1886. 

ORDERS.  ) 

No.  21    ( 

I.  Pursuant  to  orders  from  Division  and  Brigade  Headquarters,  this  regiment  will 
parade  Monday,  May  3ist,  in  state  service  coat,  white  trousers,  helmets,  and  white 
gloves,  to  participate  in  Decoration  Day  ceremonies,  as  part  of  the  escort  to  the 
Grand  Army  of  the  Republic. 

Officers  will  report  in  full  dress  uniform,  white  helmets. 

Roll  call  at  6.45  o'clock    A.  M. 

Field  and  staff  mounted,  will  report  to  the  Colonel,  and  non-commissioned  staff, 
band  and  field  music  to  the  Adjutant  at  same  hour. 

For  the  first  time  in  the  history  of  the  organization  it  will  parade  on  the  right  of 
the  line  and  each  member  therefore  should  ma-  e  especial  efforts  to  be  present. 
****** 

By  order  of 

COLONEL  WILLIAM  SEWARD,  JR. 
YELLOTT  D.  DECHERT, 

First  Lieutenant  and  Adjutant. 

The  two  brigades  of  the  First  division  were  in  line  on  the 
right  of  the  column,  the  first  brigade  leading,  composed  of  the 
NINTH,  Twelfth,  Eleventh  and  Twenty-second  regiments,  and 
the  First  and  Second  Batteries,  under  command  of  Colonel 
Seward  of  the  NINTH.  Posts  of  the  Grand  Army  of  the 
Republic  formed  the  body  of  the  procession,  and  they  were 
followed  by  various  semi-military  and  civic  organizations. 

The  Chaplain  preached  to  the  regiment  on  June  7th,  some 
two  hundred  members,  including  veterans,  being  present.  The 
next  day,  the  8th,  the  Veteran  Organization  celebrated  the 
twenty-fifth  anniversary  of  the  muster  in  of  the  regiment  into 
the  United  States  service  The  Herald,  of  the  gth,  gave  this 
report  of  the  proceedings : 

The  Veterans  of  the  NINTH  regiment  had  an  inning  last  night.  They  transferred 
the  Hotel  Madison  into  a  revelrous  military  camp  of  war  times. 

And  why  shouldn't  they? 

On  one  side  of  the  dining-room  hung  a  portrait  of  Colonel  Joseph  A.  Moesch.  He 
was  killed  while  at  the  head  of  the  regiment  in  the  battle  of  the  Wilderness,  May  6th, 
1864.  Opposite  was  a  souvenir  in  the  form  of  a  banner  bearing  a  list  of  battles  in 
which  the  regiment  was  engaged,  and  which  was  borne  up  Broadway  by  the  surviving 
members  at  the  close  of  hostilities. 

What  was  the  occasion  ? 


638  THE    NINTH    NEW    YORK.  1886 

The  twenty-fifth  reunion  of  the  muster  in  of  the  NINTH  at  Washington  on  the 
3th  of  June,  1861. 

The  reunion  was  a  banquet.  And  any  brave  soldier  who  was  present  as  a  sur 
vivor  of  the  ''  hail  of  bullets,"  who  tried  to  master  it,  probably  suffered  his  first  defeat. 

Among  those  present  were :  Brigadier-General  Charles  P.  Stone,  the  first  Briga 
dier-General  of  the  regiment;  Brigadier-General  T.  B.  Gates,  Thirteenth  Veterans  ; 
General  John  H.  Wilcox,  formerly  commandant  of  the  NINTH  ;  Colonel  S.  Oscar 
Ryder  ;  Colonel  Robert  G.  Rutherford,  United  States  Army  (retired),  formerly  captain 
Company  G  of  the  NINTH;  Senator  Thomas  C.  Ecclesine ;  Lieutenant  Ira  W. 
Steward,  of  the  Twenty-eighth  battery,  of  New  York,  formerly  of  the  NINTH  ;  Colonel 
James  H.  Stephens,  formerly  captain  of  the  City  Guard  ;  Lieutenant  Frank  J.  Jones, 
of  the  Independent  battery,  Company  K,  of  the  NINTH;  Major  W.  P.  Mitchell,  of 
the  Japan  Army;  Judge  F.G. Gedney  and  ex-Alderman  William  H.  Gedney. 

The  speeches  were  all  witty,  notwithstanding  that  the  wine  was  in.  Commander 
William  Scott  had  the  honor  of  firing  the  first  oratorical  gun  in  response  to  the  toast, 
"The  Day  We  Celebrate,"  and  although  his  voice  was  rifled  bore  and  of  heavy  calibre, 
the  jubilation  was  so  great  that  his  sentiments  were  almost  drowned  in  the  din  of  Epi 
curean  battle.  Ex-Senator  Thomas  C.  Ecclesine  responded  eloquently  to  "  The 
Empire  State,"  during  which  he  paid  his  respects  to  President  Cleveland  and  his  bride 
in  a  manner  that  brought  down  soldierly  approval  with  calithumpian  emphasis.  It 
was  midnight  when  Civil  Justice  Gedney  arose  to  pay  his  tribute  to  the  "  Army  and 
Navy."  The  remaining  toasts  and  speakers  are  as  follows  :  NINTH  Regiment,  N.  G. 
S.  N.  Y.,  Lieutenant  Colonel  Rand  ;  "  The  War  Record  of  the  NINTH  regiment,  N.  Y. 
S.  M.,  General  Charles  P.  Stone  ;  "  Our  Honored  Dead,"  Captain  Theodore  H.  Swift ; 
"  The  Veteran  Organizations,"  Major  Kemp,  of  the  Seventh,  and  Colonel  Homer,  of 
the  Seventy-first;  "A  Friend  in  Need — the  Surgeon,"  Howard  Pihkney,  M.  D.,  and 
"  Woman,"  Captain  Eugene  Durnin. 

The  surgeon,  or  the  physician,  is  probably  responding  this  morning  as  a  friend 
indeed. 


In  the  reorganization  of  the  National  Guard,  under 
General  Orders,  No.  21,  Adjutant  General's  office,  issued 
August  5th,  division  organizations  were  abolished  and  the 
Guard  consolidated  into  four  brigades.  The  NINTH  was 
assigned  to  the  First  brigade,  and  on  the  25th  of  August 
Brigadier-General  Louis  Fitzgerald  was  elected  the  Com 
mander. 

During  the  summer  a  number  of  the  Veterans  decided  to 
hold  a  reunion  in  September,  upon  the  battle-fields  of  South 
Mountain,  Antietam  and  Gettysburg.  A  circular  was  issued 
outlining  the  programme  that  would  be  followed  during  the 
trip,  extending  from  the  evening  of  the  I5th,  to  the  2ist  of 
September.  At  the  appointed  hour  fourteen  answered  the  roll 
call,  and  six  more  were  added  to  the  number  by  the  time  that. 


1886  REVISITING    SHARPSBURG,    MD.  639 

Sharpsburg  was  reached.  The  party  were  also  accompanied  by 
several  invited  guests.  The  Antietam  battle-ground  was  first 
visited,  and  was  reached  about  noon  of  the  i6th,  the  visitors 
looking  over  a  portion  of  the  left  of  the  field.  In  the  evening 
the  citizens  of  Sharpsburg  called  to  pay  their  respects,  and  the 
pilgrims  were  given  the  "Freedom  of  the  City"  by  the 
authorities. 

From  a  printed  report  of  the  reception  of  the  Veterans, 
published  in  the  Herald  and  Torchlight*  Hagerstown,  Md., 
we  clip  the  following  : 

At  7  o'clock  in  the  evening  the  Burgess  and  Commissioners,  with  other  citizens  of 
the  town  and  a  number  of  ladies,  met  the  veterans  in  the  parlor  of  the  Shay  House, 
and  Mr.  Charles  G.  Biggs,  the  Burgess,  addressed  them  substantially  as  follows  : 

"  Gentlemen  of  the  NINTH  New  York  Veterans  : 

"  As  Burgess  of  the  town  of  Sharpsburg,  it  affords  me  sincere  gratification  to  wel 
come  you,  on  behalf  of  our  people,  who  recall  with  sentiments  of  great  pleasure  their 
former  acquaintance  with  your  splendid  regiment.  As  you  are  doubtless  aware,  the 
NINTH  New  York  was  the  first  military  organization  of  either  army  that  visited  our 
town.  Although  lying  immediately  upon  the  border-line  between  the  North  and 
South,  we  had  never  seen  the  uniforms  of  our  misguided  brethren  in  gray.  The  soil 
of  Maryland  had  not  yet  been  pressed  by  the  presumptuous  foot  of  armed  rebellion, 
and  the  sorrowful  acquaintance  we  subsequently  made  with  war  and  its  attendant 
desolation  and  suffering  was  yet  to  be  experienced.  Our  knowledge  of  the  internecine 
contest  progressing  in  our  beloved  country  was  confined  to  rumors  and  newspaper 
reports.  Some  of  us  had  not  even  beheld  the  blue  uniform  worn  by  the  patriot  soldier 
of  the  North. 

"  I  can  recall,  as  a  boy,  your  first  appearance  in  our  midst  and  the  reception  given 
you  by  our  citizen-;.  It  was  purely  spontaneous,  but  it  had  a  significance  that,  perhaps, 
none  of  us  realized  at  the  time.  It  surely  was  not  extorted  by  any  personal  knowledge 
of  your  command,  or  any  of  its  members  ;  for  we  had  never  heard  of  you  individ 
ually,  or  as  an  organization  ;  it  was  not  that  we  were  carried  away  by  military  enthu 
siasm,  caused  by  the  spectacle  of  glistening  guns,  gleaming  bayonets  and  brilliant 
uniforms.  The  reason  for  it  was  not  superficial.  We  beheld  in  you  the  living  embodi 
ment  of  the  great  principle  of  loyalty  to  and  love  for  country — so  intense  that  your 
lives  were  voluntarily  put  in  the  balance  to  preserve  our  glorious  Union  in  all  its 
beautiful  entirety.  All  this  we  felt  instinctively,  without  perhaps  realizing  it,  as  few, 
or  none  of  us,  attempted  to  analyze  our  emotions.  The  principle  of  loyalty  was  firm 
and  strong  with  us  and  it  found  expression  in  the  demonstrations  you  witnessed.  I 
remember  how  you  inarched  from  the  town  under  a  cloud  of  red,  white  and  blue 
bunting,  presented  by  our  citizens.  This  was  your  first  visit. 

"The  second  was  far  different.  Your  approach  was  heralded  by  the  roar  of 
cannons,  the  rattle  of  musketry,  the  shouts  of  embattled  hosts,  and  the  groans  and 
shrieks  of  strong  men  in  the  death  agony.  It  may  be  that  some  of  our  loyal  houses 
yet  bear  marks  of  your  leaden  messengers,  not,  however,  directed  against  us,  but 
against  those  who.  at  that  time,  were,  unhappily,  our  mutual  enemies.  What  it  cost 


THE    NINTH    NEW    YORK.  1806 

you  to  reach  Sharpsburg  on  that  occasion,  your  decimated  regimental  rolls  on  and 
after  the  i8th  of  September,  1862,  can  testify.  We  have  a  mournful  record  of  your 
gallantry  on  the  eventful  I7th.  In  yonder  beautiful  Antietam  National  Cemetery  lie  a 
number  of  your  comrades,  guarded  with  eternal  vigilance  by  the  granite  soldier 
brought  from  the  quarries  of  Connecticut  to  keep  watch  throughout  the  ages  over  the 
dead  Northern  soldier.  Your  dead,  however,  would  be  remembered  even  without  this 
granite  monument.  In  the  grateful  hearts  of  a  reunited  country  has  been  erected  to 
their  memory  a  monument  like  Horace's  book — '  more  lasting  than  brass  and  loftier 
than  the  regal  pyramids.' 

"  To-day,  gentlemen,  a  small  number  of  the  gallant  NINTH  New  York  is  again  in 
our  midst,  with  no  hostile  arms  in  their  hands,  but  on  their  faces  beams  the  smile  of 
gentle  peace,  that,  thank  God,  rests  like  a  benediction  over  our  free  and  reunited  land. 
Under  such  circumstances,  it  is  indeed  a  pleasure  to  welcome  you  to  our  town,  which 
I  now  do." 

It  will  be  remembered  that  on  the  6th  of  July,  1861,  the 
NINTH  was  very  cordially  received  by  the  people  of  Sharps- 
burg.  Bearing  this  in  mind,  the  Veteran  Association  had 
prepared  a  suitable  acknowledgement,  in  the  form  of  a  pre 
amble  and  resolutions,  handsomely  engrossed  and  framed,  and 
which  had  been  brought  along  for  presentation  to  the  citizens 
of  Sharpsburg.  They  read  as  follows  : 

At  a  regular  meeting  of  the  Veterans,  NINTH  New  York  Regiment,  N.  G.  S.  N. 
Y.,  held  on  Monday,  August  9th,  1886,  the  following  preamble  and  resolutions  were 
Unanimously  Adopted  : 

WHEREAS,  The  NINTH  regiment,  N.  Y.  S.  Militia,  in  the  performance  of  duty  in 
the  service  of  the  United  States,  arrived  on  July  6th,  1861,  in  Sharpsburg,  and  were 
most  Loyally  and  hospitably  entertained  by  the  inhabitants ; 

Resolved,  That  the  Veterans  of  the  NINTH  tender  an  expression  of  their  esteem 
and  appreciation  for  the  very  patriotic  and  handsome  reception  which  the  regiment 
were  the  recipients  of  on  that  occasion,  as  also  for  the  many  kind  deeds  shown  its 
members  while  encamped  in  that  vicinity  from  September  I9th  to  October  26th,  1862. 

Resolved,  That  a  copy  of  these  Resolutions  be  presented  to  the  Town  of  Sharps 
burg  as  a 

TOKEN  OF  REMEMBRANCE 
of  the  noble  acts  of  its  Citizens  in  the  years  1861  and  1862. 

Resolved,  That  the  Veterans  endorse  the  foregoing  with  their  signatures  and  be 
present  at  the  presentation  on  Friday,  September  i/th,  1886. 

Forty-five  signatures  were  attached.  Commander  William 
Scott,  in  a  neat  and  appropriate  speech,  presented  the  reso 
lutions,  and  was  followed  by  Captain  George  A.  Hussey, 
who  only  regretted  that  he  was  "not  numbered  amongst  those 
who  marched  into  it  (Sharpsburg)  on  July  6th,  1861." 


1 886  CROSSING    THE    SOUTH    MOUNTAIN.  641 

A  most  delightful  social  meeting  was  held  during  the  even 
ing.  Among  the  townspeople  were  several  ex-Confederates, 
who  vied  with  their  neighbors  in  rendering  the  visitors  stay 
pleasant  and  agreeable.  The  next  morning,  the  anniversary 
-of  the  battle,  teams  were  provided,  and  riding  out  upon  the 
Hagerstown  Pike  the  Dunker  Church  was  visited.  Leaving 
the  wagons  here,  the  party  walked  through  the  fields  over 
which  the  fierce  storm  of  battle  raged  on  that  day  in  1862. 
Several  relics  were  found,  a  cartridge-box-tin,  and  a  number  of 

o 

bullets.  Of  the  company,  Messrs.  Acker,  Bowne,  Buxton, 
Cooke,  Derr,  Hallock,  Pinkney,  Pryer,  Ritschy,  Scott  and  Van 
Wyck  were  present  at  the  battle. 

Keedysville  was  next  visited  and  at  noon  the  tourists  arrived 
at  Boonsboro,  where  a  good  square  meal  was  enjoyed  and  the 
party  rested  till  three  o'clock.  Resuming  the  journey,  South 
Mountain  was  soon  reached  and  points  of  interest  on  the  bat 
tle-ground  visited.  New  cider  was  sampled  at  various  places 
on  the  road,  the  farmers  generously  refusing  to  take  anything 
but  thanks  in  payment. 

Frederick  should  have  been  reached,  according  to  pro 
gramme,  at  four  in  the  afternoon,  and  the  members  of  the 
Grand  Army  of  the  Republic  there  had  arranged  a  reception, 
but  the  "delays  on  the  march,"  caused,  in  a  measure,  by  the 
sampling,  as  above  stated,  made  it  nine  o'clock  before  the 
pretty  little  city — familiar  to  the  members  of  the  NINTH — was 
entered.  The  City  Hotel  received  the  dust-covered  warriors, 
who  were  soon  surrounded  by  friends.  General  John  T. 
Lockman,  formerly  captain  of  Company  H  of  the  NINTH, 
replied  to  the  address  of  welcome  by  Doctor  Schley.  After 
a  pleasant  hour  or  two,  the  party  sought  their  beds  to  seek 
much  needed  repose. 

At  nine  o'clock  on  Saturday  morning,  the  party  left  on  the 
cars  for  Gettysburg,  reaching  there  at  about  two  o'clock  in  the 
afternoon.  After  dining  at  the  Globe  Hotel,  wagons  took  the 
party  to  Seminary  Ridge,  where  the  battle-ground  of  the  first 
day's  fight  was  examined.  The  position  of  the  NINTH  was 
determined  and  marked,  and  upon  which  the  regimental  monu- 


642 


THE    NINTH    NEW    YORK. 


1886 


ment  is  now  erected.  Cemetery  Ridge  was  next  visited,  and 
the  position  of  the  regiment  on  the  second  and  third  day's 
battle,  located.  The  National  Cemetery  was  inspected  and 
then  Gulp's  Hill  visited  ;  the  remains  of  the  Union  rifle  pits 
and  breastworks  on  the  east  slope  being  clearly  defined.  It 
was  now  dark  and  the  tired  party  returned  to  town,  where  the 
evening  was  spent  in  recounting  their  experience  on  the  bloody 
field  of  twenty-three  years  before. 

On  Sunday,  the  Peach  Orchard,  Wheat  Field,  Devil's  Den 
and  the  Round  Tops  were  visited,  each  point  recalling  its 
multitude  of  memories.  The  party  returned  to  town  in  the 
afternoon  and  in  the  evenincr  a  few  attended  church.  On 

O 

Monday  morning  at  about  nine  o'clock,  the  party  left  on  the 
cars,  and  reached  New  York  about  seven  in  the  evening.  It 
was  a  most  delightful  trip,  and  heartily  enjoyed  by  all. 

On  the  5th  of  October  the  regiment  was  inspected  and 
reviewed.  The  report  showed  a  great  falling  off  in  member 
ship  from  previous  years,  but  the  material  in  line  was  that  of 
which  good  soldiers  are  made.  The  report  is  appended  : 


Present. 


O 

3) 


Field  and  Staff 7 

Non.-Com.  Staff — 

Co.  A 2 

Co.  B i 

Co.  C 2 

Co.  D 2 

Co.  E i 

Co.F 3 

Co.  G 3 

Co.  H 3 

Co.  1 2 

Co.  K 3 

Total 29 


— 

7 

2 

1  1 

1  1 



37 

39 

12 

26 

27 

20 

36 

3* 

21 

43 

45 

10 

30 

3i 

26 

5i 

54 

7 

4i 

44 

9 

43 

46 

8 

27 

29 

25 

39 

42 

1  1 

384 


413 


151 


The  next  day  Governor  David  B.  Hill  reviewed  the  First 
brigade.  The  line  formed  at  Fifth  Avenue  and  Thirty-fourth 
Street,  marching  down  to  Twenty-third  Street,  to  Washington 


1886  DEDICATION    OF    THE    STATUE    OF    LIBERTY.  643 

Square,  where  the  reviewing  stand  was   erected.     The    NINTH 
paraded  eight  commands  of  twelve  files. 

On  the  28th  Bartholdi's  statue,  ''Liberty  Enlightening  the 
World  "  was  unveiled.  The  following  order  was  issued  to  the 
Veterans  of  the  NINTH  : 

HEADQUARTERS  VETERANS  OF  THE  NINTH  REGIMENT,  N.  G.  S.  N.  Y. 

Armory,   West  26th  Street. 

The  members  of  this  Corps  will  assemble  at  the  Armory  on  Thursday,  October 
28th,  1886,  at  8.30  A.  M.,  to  take  part  in  the  Inauguration  of  the  Statue  of  Liberty. 

The  uniformed  members  will  appear  in  full  dress,  with  white   gloves.       The  un- 
unifonned  members  in  dark  clothes,  with  white  gloves  and  canes. 
The  Veterans  of  the  War  are  cordially  invited  to  participate. 

General  Chas.  P.  Stone,  Grand  Marshal,  and  the  first  Brigade  Commander  of  the 
regiment  in  the  war,  has  expressed  the  hope  that  the  "  Old  NINTH"  will  make  as 
creditable  appearance  as  while  under  his  command  in  1861. 

CHAS.  R.  BRAINE, 

Colonel  Commanding . 
C.  V.  G.  FORBES. 

Adjutant. 

A  heavy  rain  storm,  whicn  prevailed  nearly  all  day,  inter 
fered  seriously  with  the  exercises,  but  the  programme  was 
practically  followed  and  the  great  statue  appropriately  in 
augurated. 

For  two  or  three  years  efforts  have  been  made  by  the  officers 
of  the  NINTH  to  secure  better  accommodations  for  the  regiment. 

e> 

The  Armory  was  in  a  dilapidated  condition,  and  its  location 
—over  a  large  stable — made  it  unpleasant,  especially  during 
warm  weather.  One  reason  of  the  falling  off  in  numbers  was 
owing  to  this  condition  of  affairs,  for  when  those  who  might 
have  joined  the  NINTH  saw  other  regiments,  whose  accommoda 
tions  were  much  better  than  those  of  the  NINTH,  being  granted 
new  and  commodious  Armories,  they  joined  the  more  fortu 
nate  organizations.  The  Tribune,  of  November  7th,  thus 

refers  to  the  matter  : 

• 

There  is  much  comment  in  National  Guard  circles  in  regard  to  the  treatment 
which  the  NINTH  regiment  has  received  at  the  hands  of  the  Armory  Board.  Although 
one  of  the  first  regiments  to  apply  for  a  new  armory,  and  needing  one  more  than  any 
other  regiment  except  the  Eighth,  other  regiments  much  better  housed  have  had  armory 
sites  purchased  for  them  and  plans  for  new  buildings  prepared,  and  one  of  them  has 


644  THE    NINTH    NEW    YORK.  1886 

had  a  new  armory  built,  while  this  fine  old  war  regiment — the  only  National  Guard 
regiment  from  this  city  which  served  for  three  years — is  left  in  its  dilapidated  and  con 
demned  armory  in  West  Twenty-sixth  street.  Although  numerous  sites  have  been 
proposed  by  the  Colonel,  none  of  them  has  been  chosen.  Meantime  the  Twelfth, 
whose  old  armory  is  greatly  superior  to  that  of  the  NINTH,  is  about  to  take  possession 
of  a  splendid  and  complete  new  armory,  and  the  Twenty-second  and  the  Eighth  are 
looking  forward  to  the  time  when  theirs  shall  be  completed.  The  members  of  the 
present  Armory  Board  should  take  immediate  steps  to  provide  for  the  NINTH  at  least 
as  well  as  other  regiments  are  provided  for.  No  National  Guard  regiment  in  this 
city  or  Brooklyn,  except  the  gallant  Fourteenth,  is  entitled  to  place  on  their  banners 
the  names  of  the  battles  which  adorn  the  tattered  colors  of  the  NINTH. 


1 886 


RECEIPTS    AND    THE    EXPENSES. 


645 


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646  THE    NINTH    NEW    YORK.  1887 


CHAPTER  XXXI, 

RECOVERY  OF  THE  REMAINS  OF  COLONEL  MOESCH. 


Steps  taken  to  Erect  a  Monument  at  Gettysburg. — Death  of  the  Veteran  General 
Charles  P.  Stone. — Miss  Helen  Dauvray  Aids  the  Monument  Fund. — Celebrating 
the  Twenty-sixth  Anniversary  of  the  Departure  for  the  War. — Memorial  Day. — 
Colonel  Cochrane's  Ode. —  Death  of  ex-Colonel  Wilcox. — The  Armory  Question. 
—The  NINTH  in  Camp  at  Peekskill. — Comments  of  the  Press. — Death  of  ex- 
Colonel  John  W.  Davis. — Corporal  Scott  (War  Veteran)  Caned.— Ex-Commander 
Scott  of  theVeteran  Corps  presents  the  Association  with  Silk  Guidons. — A  Badge 
belonging  to  Sergeant  Barker,  of  Company  B,  "  Missing  "  since  Spottsylvania, 
Accounted  for. — Recovery  of  the  Remains  of  Colonel  Moesch  and  Re-interment 
in  the  National  Cemetery  at  Fredericksburg. — Rirle  Practice  at  Creedmoor. — 
Presentation  of  "  Faithful  Service"  Badges. — Special  Inspection. 

the  iQth  of  January  the  committee  having  in  charge 
the  erection  of  a  monument  to  the  NINTH,  on  the  battle 
field  of  Gettysburg  issued  a  circular,  from  which  the  following 
extract  is  taken  : 

NEW  YORK,  January  \<)th,  1887. 

DEAR  SIR:  Your  favorable  consideration  is  respectfully  and  urgently  asked  in 
aid  of  the  erection  of  a  Monument  to  commemorate  the  services  of  tlie  only  Regiment 
in  existence  to-day  in  this  city  that  enlisted  and  served  in  behalf  of  the  State  of  New 
York  for  the  term  of  the  war,  during  the  late  Rebellion.  It  has  also  been  called  upon 
and  served  since  then  in  the  Riots  that  have  taken  place.  *  *  * 

That  a  Monument  worthy  of  this  great  Metropolis  and  commensurate  with  the 
services  and  sacrifices  of  the  NINTH  may  be  erected,  a  fervent  appeal  is  made  to  all 
citizens,  friends,  ex-members,  and  members  of  the  regiment  for  contributions. 

The  battle-field  of  Gettysburg  has  been  selected  as  the  most  suitable  place  be 
cause  of  its  national  and  historic  importance.  The  ground  upon  which  the  battle  was 
fought  is  owned  by  an  Association,  chartered  under  the  laws  of  the  State  of  Pennsyl 
vania,  and  has  been  duly  surveyed  and  marked  by  the  United  States  Engineers. 
Regiments  to  the  number  of  nearly  1 50,  from  several  States,  have  already  erected 
monuments  on  the  respective  positions  where  each  fought,  and  the  battle-field  is 
visited  by  thousands  from  all  parts  of  the  world,  so  attractive  and  famous  has  it 
become. 


1887  STKl'S    TAKEN    TO    ERECT    A    MONUiMENT.  647 

The  Empire  State  is  represented  by  only  two  monuments,  this  City  by  none.  This 
is  not  creditable  to  either  State  or  city,  but  is  no  doubt  due  to  not  having  been  brought 
to  the  notice  of  the  people.  *  *  * 

JOHN  HENDRICKSON,  Chairman.  WILLIAM  SCOTT,  Vice  Chairman. 

WILLIAM  L.  HEF.RMANCK,  Treasurer.  W.  WOLCOTT  MARKS,  Secretary. 

THOMAS  W.  THORNE,  THOMAS  B.  RAND, 

JOHN  H.  VAN  WVCK,  DANA  B.  PRATT, 

ROBERT  F.  COOKE,  MONTEFIORE  ISAACS, 

GEORGE  T.  LORIGAN,  JAMES  SLATER, 

SOL.  E.  JAPHA,  JOHN  L.  BAKER, 
SAMUEL  BERRY. 

A  number  of  generous  subscriptions  were  soon  received,  and 
•with  the  amount  which  the  State  appropriated — fifteen  hundred 
dollars  to  each  New  York  organization  that  fought  upon  that 
field — the  members  of  the  NINTH  were  able  to  rear  a  monu 
ment  worthy  of  its  history,  and  of  the  State  it  represented, 
in  that  greatest  battle  of  the  war. 

On  the  24th  of  January  General  Charles  P.  Stone  died, 
and  on  the  2 7th  was  buried  at  West  Point.  He  was  born  at 
Springfield,  Mass.,  in  1826,  and  was  graduated  at  West  Point 
in  1845.  He  served  in  the  Mexican  war,  and,  in  common 
with  nearly  every  other  officer,  was  brevetted  for  gallantry. 
He  was  in  California  from  1851  to  1856.  Resigning  his  com 
mission  he  was,  for  a  time,  in  the  employ  of  the  Mexican 
government.  On  January  i,  1861,  he  reentered  the  service 
and  was  assigned  the  duty  of  mustering  and  drilling  the  Dis 
trict  of  Columbia  volunteers.  His  connection  with  the  army, 
until  Ball's  Bluff,  has  already  been  recorded  in  these  pages. 
Unjustly  accused,  and  without  a  fair  trial,  he  was  confined  for 
a  time  in  Fort  La  Fayette.  He  was  released  in  August,  1862, 
and  served  in  the  Department  of  the  Gulf  till  September, 
1864,  when  he  resigned.  In  1870,  he  entered  the  service  of 
the  Khedive  of  Egypt,  where,  as  Stone  Pacha,  he  made  a 
brilliant  record.  Here  he  remained  till  1883,  and  then 
returned  to  this  country.  He  was  appointed  engineer  for  the 
construction  of  the  pedestal  for  the  statue  of  Liberty,  in  the 
building  of  which  he  took  great  interest.  His  illness  was  of 

c">  *— * 

brief    duration,  his    death   a   surprise   to   his   friends  and   the 


'648  THE    NINTH    NEW    YORK.  iSS~ 

public.     At  a  meeting  of  the  Veteran  Association  on  the  gth, 
the  following  resolutions  were  adopted  : 

WHEREAS,  The  Commander-in-Chief  of  all  armies  has  in  his  infinite  wisdom 
deemed  it  necessary  to  suddenly  call  from  our  midst  Gen.  Chas.  P.  Stone,  the  first 
Brigade  Commander  under  which  the  Regiment  served  in  the  late  civil  war,  therefore 
be  it 

Resolved,  That  in  the  death  of  Gen.  Chas.  P.  Stone,  the  Army  of  the  United  States 
has  lost  a  true,  faithful,  conscientious  and  upright  soldier,  and  this  Republic  a  citizen 
of  unsullied  reputation.  Be  it  further 

Resolved,  That  we  tender  our  sincere  and  heartfelt  sympathies  to  his  relatives  in 
their  sudden  and  unlocked  for  bereavement.  And  be  it  further 

Resolved,  That  these  resolutions  be  extended  in  full  upon  the  minutes  and  a  copy 
of  them  be  sent  to  the  family  of  our  late  commander. 

CHAS.  R.  BRAINE, 

Colonel. 
C.  V.  G.  FORBES, 

Adjutant. 

On  March  5th  a  concert  was  given  at  the  armory  of  the 
NINTH  for  the  benefit  of  the  Monument  fund,  and  on  the 
3Oth  of  April,  Miss  Helen  Dauvray  tendered  the  use  of  her 
company  at  the  Lyceum  Theatre  for  the  same  purpose.  The 
World  of  the  next  day  had  this  notice  : 

Among  the  many  interesting  theatrical  farewells  of  last  evening,  none  were  sur 
rounded  with  more  enthusiasm  than  that  of  Miss  Helen  Dauvray.  The  Lo~i>e  Chase 
for  the  time  became  a  military  march,  and  there  was  a  suggestion  of  uniformed  dash 
throughout  the  evening.  She  had  determined  to  honor  the  NINTH  regiment  with  a 
special  benefit  for  the  fund  which  the  veterans  and  members  of  the  regiment  are 
getting  up  to  .commemorate  the  participation  of  the  command  in  the  historic  conflict 
at  Gettysburg.  The  veterans  have  been  particularly  active  in  the  raising  of  the  fund, 
and  the  event  of  last  evening  gave  a  very  handsome  addition  to  it.  Col.  \V.  R.  Hay- 
den,  the  manager  for  the  young  American  actress,  was  as  enthusiastic  as  Miss 
Dauvray  herself.  He  had  been  an  active  fighter  on  the  other  side  in  the  war,  and  he 
was  in  his  element  in  the  military  look  which  the  house  took  on  for  the  benefit.  There 
were  the  battle-flags  of  the  NINTH  on  display.  Military  spectators  were  there  from 
every  regiment  in  this  State.  There  was  bunting  everywhere,  and  in  the  lobby  several 
very  soldierly-looking  members  of  the  NINTH  were  ornamental  sentries. 

After  the  third  act.  Colonel  Seward,  from  his  box,  thanked 
Miss  Dauvray  on  behalf  of  the  regiment,  to  which  the  gifted 
lady  made  a  fitting  response.  As  the  stage  was  being  set  for 
the  last  act,  there  was  placed  upon  it  a  handsome  gold-fringed 
silk  banner,  on  which  a  hand-painted  wreath  inclosed  the 


1887  ^  BANQUET    AT    THE    METROPOLITAN    HOTEL.  649 

names  of  the  plays  in  which  Miss  Dauvray  had  appeared  dur 
ing  the  year;  a  mammoth  floral  horseshoe,  with  a  figure  "9" 
and  "  H.  D."  in  the  centre  ;  a  companion  piece  representing 
the  regimental  pin,  and  a  vase  of  cut  flowers.  These  were 
the  gifts  of  the  Regiment  and  of  the  Veteran  Association  to 
Miss  Dauvray  and  her  company.  As  the  curtain  opened  upon 
the  scene,  the  gifts  were  noticed,  and  the  audience  applauded 
enthusiastically.  The  Board  of  Officers  subsequently  passed 
a  vote  of  thanks  to  Miss  Dauvray  and  her  manager,  Colonel 
Hayden. 

On  the  evening  of  the  2;th  of  May  the  Veterans  celebrated 
the  twenty-sixth  anniversary  of  the  departure  for  the  war,  by  a 
banquet  at  the  Metropolitan  Hotel.  Colonel  Charles  R.  Braine 
presided,  and  was  surrounded  by  about  seventy  members  of 
the  Association.  Among  the  invited  guests  present  were  Gen 
eral  Nicholas  W.  Day,  Colonels  David  S.  Brown,  Charles  F. 
Homer,  and  William  I.  Martin,  Judge  Charles  A.  Flammer, 
and  William  Todcl,  Esq.,  of  Albany,  a  veteran  of  the  Seventy- 
ninth  Highlanders.  Letters  of  regret  were  received  from 
Generals  Sherman,  Robinson  and  Carr,  Mayor  Abram  S. 
Hewitt  and  others. 

Upon  the  3Oth  the  usual  Memorial  Day  services  were 
observed.  The  following  lines,  by  Colonel  John  H.  Cochrane, 
a  former  member  of  Company  L  during  the  war,  form  a  fitting 
tribute  to  the  memory  of  the  heroic  dead  : 

MEMORIAL  DAY. 

RESPECTFULLY    DEDICATED   TO   THE   GRAND  ARMY    OF   THE    REPUBLIC. 

What  mean  these  men  by  marching  every  thirtieth  of  May, 
With  torn  and  tattered  colors  and  with  flowers  bright  and  gay  ? 
They  are  our  Nation's  heroes — -her  soldiers  and  her  tars — 
Some  are  maimed  and  wounded,  and  some  wear  noble  scars. 

When  our  country  was  aroused  by  the  sounds  of  Civil  War, 
And  the  echoes  of  Fort  Sumter's  guns  were  heard  both  near  and  far, 
Twas  then  the  men  you  see  to-day,  who  march  with  stately  tread, 
Went  forth  with  those  now  numbered  'mongst  the  army  of  the  dead. 

To  uphold  the  Nation's  honor,  to  preserve  the  Union  whole, 
With  a  purpose  firm  and  true  as  the  needle  to  the  pole. 


650  THE    NINTH    NEW    YORK.  1887 

But  the  conflict's  long  since  over,  and  why  march  they  to-day  ? 
To  honor  those  who've  fallen  and  a  debt  of  love  to  pay ; 

It  matters  little  now  whether  the  dead  wore  blue  or  gray — 
Flowers  are  strewn  on  both  alike  on  this  Memorial  Day. 
And  thus  may  it  continue  while  suns  shall  rise  and  set, 
For  we've  long  since  forgiven  the  gray,  but  can't  so  soon  forget 

Those  who  stood  besides  us  on  many  a  hard-fought  tield, 

'Till  at  last  to  grim  death's  messenger  they  were  compelled  to  yield. 

So  "  with  malice  toward  none,  and  with  charity  for  all," 

Our  mission's  one  of  love  to  those  whom  God  hath  pleased  to  call; 

The  hardship  we  have  suffered  we  can  vividly  recall — 
The  march,  the  camp,  the  battle — methinks  I  see  them  all  ! 
But  is  there  one  regrets  them  as  they  ponder  on  them  well? 
No  !  regrets  are  only  cherished  for  comrades  brave  who  fell — 

Regrets  for  gallant  leaders  and  our  fallen  "  Boys  in  Blue," 
Who  rallied  'round  the  Standard  to  the  Union  firm  and  true; 
Regrets  for  all  who  wore  the  Blue,  and  pity  for  the  Gray, 
Is  all  that  animates  our  hearts  on  this  Memorial  Day. 

"  Then  honor  our  brave  Veterans  as  they  honor  their  dead  ; 
"  What  have  they  done  for  us  ?"  methinks  I  hear  it  said  : 
When  duty  called  they  answered  "  Aye,"  answered  every  one, 
To  protect  our  great  inheritage  bequeathed  by  Washington  ! 

Our  great  and  glorious  Union  they  risked  e'en  life  to  save — • 
Gave  manhood  unto  chattels  and  freedom  unto  slaves. 
Is  honor  then  not  due  them  for  such  noble  work  well  done  ? 
"  Republics  are  ungrateful,"  but  let  not  this  be  one ; 

And  when  the  last  great  "  Reveille  "  is  sounded  fiom  the  sky, 
And  we  are  called  to  "  muster"  by  command  of  the  Most  High, 
May  no  comrade  then  be  "  missing,"  but  all  receive  their  pay 
In  the  Crowns  to  be  distributed  on  "  That  Memorial  Day  !" 

Ex-Colonel  John  H.  Wilcox  died  on  the  roth  of  June  and 
was  buried  in  Woodlawn  Cemetery. 

The  Armory  question  still  continued  to  agitate  the  members 
of  the  regiment  and  the  public  as  well.  In  the  report  of  an 
interview  with  Colonel  Seward,  the  Tribune,  of  June  24th,  said  : 

1  have  had  to  work  extremely  hard  to  keep  my  command  together  in  consequence 
of  the  miserable  quarters  that  we  are  in.  Of  course,  I  want  a  new  armory,  and  it 
would  be  the  means  of  making  my  regiment  as  fine  a  one  as  there  is  in  the  State. 
Look  how  Colonel  Scott's  regiment  has  run  down  in  consequence  of  being  in  a  bad 
.locality  and  wretched  building.  There  is  not  a  regiment  in  the  State  which  would  not 
do  the  same  under  like  circumstances.  The  present  idea  of  an  armory  is  a  building  so 
strong  that  a  few  men  could  guard  it  against  the  attack  of  a  mob.  It  should  be  in  an 
open  place,  easy  of  access,  and  in  a  good  neighborhood.  With  the  present  armories. 


1887  ENCAMPED    AT    1'EEKSKII.I..  651 

except  those  of  the  Seventh  and  Twelfth  regiments,  it  would  IK;  impossible  for  a  colonel 
to  get  his  men  into  the  street  in  case  of  a  riot. 

A  regiment  nowadays,  to  be  a  success,  must  be  a  military  club.  That  principle  is 
clearly  demonstrated  in  the  Seventh  regiment,  which  is  the  only  full  one  in  the  city. 
Its  members  have  an  attractive  place  in  which  to  assemble  for  drill  or  social  purposes, 
and  as  a  natural  result  young  men  are  anxious  to  join  it.  The  building  up  of  a  regi 
ment  is  done  through  its  individual  members,  and  unless  the  associations  are  conge 
nial  to  them  they  will  not  ask  their  friends  to  join,  nor  will  they  re-enlist  when  their 
time  is  out.  All  the  National  Guard  wants  is  fair  treatment,  and  with  such  treatment, 
the  State  and  Nation  will  have  when  needed  a  sure  arm  of  defence. 

On  the  2nd  of  July  the  regiment  proceeded  to  the  Camp  of 
Instruction  at  Peekskill,  Embarking  on  the  steamers  Crystal 
Stream  and  General  ScdgTjick,  at  the  foot  of  West  Twenty-first 
street,  at  noon  the  boats  started  up  the  Hudson.  Roa  Hook, 
the  camp  landing-place,  was  reached  at  five  o'clock,  and  half-an- 
hour  later  the  NINTH  relieved  the  Twelfth  regiment,  and  took 
possession  of  the  State  camp.  Colonel  Seward  was  in  com 
mand,  with  a  full  list  of  Field  and  Staff  officers  :  Lieutenant- 
Colonel  Rand,  Major  Bartlett,  Adjutant  Dechert,  Inspector  of 
Rifle  Practice  Gibson,  Surgeon  Roof,  Assistant-Surgeon  Doty, 
Quartermaster  Pratt,  Commissary  Yermilye,  Captain  G. 
Henry  Witthaus.  The  company  officers  were  : 

\ 

Company  A — Captain,  Lorigan ;  First  Lieutenant,  Cook.  Company  B — Cap 
tain,  Cocheu.  Company  C— Captain,  Ely.  Company  D — Captain.  Swift;  First  Lieu 
tenant,  Walton.  Company  E — Captain,  Japha  ;  First  Lieutenant,  Bartlett.  Company 
F — Captain,  Marks ;  First  Lieutenant,  Warrell,  and  Second  Lieutenant,  Ehrman. 
Company  G — Captain,  Chamberlain;  First  Lieutenant,  Rice;  Second  Lieut.  Will- 
cocks  ;  Company  H — Captain,  Clough ;  First  Lieutenant,  Gale ;  Second  Lieutenant, 
Maconnell.  Company  I— C  iptain,  Leonard;  First  Lieutenant,  Kohlberger.  Com 
pany  K — First  Lieutenant  Billings,  commanding  ;  Second  Lieutenant,  Croft. 

The  band  consisted  of  twenty-six  pieces  out  of  a  total  of  fifty-one  and  was  led  by 
Conterno.  The  fife  and  drum  corps  turned  out  its  full  number  of  forty  pieces. 

The  total  number  present  was  about  five  hundred. 

The  week's  stay  in  camp  proved  to  be  a  very  stormy  one, 
rain  falling  nearly  every  day.  The  New  York  Herald,  of  the 
7th,  said  : 

It  was  one  of  those  days  in  the  State  camp  yesterday  when  a  man  feels  like  a 
clam. 


652  THE    NINTH    NEW    YORK.  1887 

At  least  that's  what  a  vigilant,  onia/n^nta!  sentry  said  he  felt  like  as  he  paced  up 
and  down  his  beat  over  the  damp,  steaming  ground  and  through  the  thick  and  murky 
air. 

How  it  did  rain  in  the  night,  and  what  an  immeasurable  amount  of  profanity  was 
directed  at  the  places  in  ths  tents  where  the  rain  beat  in  ! 

The  damp  air  bred  millions  of  gnats,  and  there  was  a  cloud  of  them  in  each  tent 
hovering  around  the  candles  and  playing  an  endless  game  of  tag  all  over  a  fellow's 
hands  and  face.  Occasionally  little  streams  of  water  would  trickle  noiselessly  down  on 
the  blankets.  The  flies  flapped  like  the  wings  of  great  birds  against  the  tent' walls. 
The  mountains  roared  with  the  thunder,  and  sheets  of  lightning  illumined  the  dark 
hemlocks. 

It  was  not  a  choice  night  to  be  on  post  by  any  means — a  new  man  is  all  too  apt  to 
get  "  rattled  "  on  post,  anyway — but  it  was  a  singular  fact  that  when  Captain  dough 
made  the  grand  rounds  at  midnight  not  the  Slightest  error  was  made  in  challenging  or 
passing  of  the  rounds. 

The  men  slipped  around  on  the  wet  grass  during  the  early  morning  company  drills 
and  had  a  pretty  sorry  time  of  it. 

On  the  7th,  however,  the  sun  came  out  bright  and  clear, 
and  the  Herald  of  the  8th,  contained  the  following: 

o 

Shining  musket  barrels  and  flashing  swords  were  the  prevalent  things  in  the  State 
camp  yesterday. 

The  NINTH  was  in  its  glory. 

And  a  good  looking  body  of  men,  along  with  the  First  Provisional  battalion,  they 
made. 

They  have  got  the  "  stuff  "  in  them.  All  night  long  the  sentries  waded  up  to  the 
knees  in  water  and  smiled. 

"  Pollock's  Mill  Bridge  "  was  the  countersign.  Nobody  got  by  without  it,  either. 
Even  Colonel  Seward  found  himself  dangerously  near  the  point  of  a  bayonet  when  he 
went  roaming  abroad  after  taps. 

The  boys  had  given  him  a  unique  entertainment  in  the  evening.  A  mock  dress- 
parade  was  held  in  front  of  his-quarters  that  was  very  funny,  even  if  it  was  slightly  at 
variance  with  General  Porter's  orders.  The  Adjutant's  peculiar  walk  was  demonstrated 
and  Major  Bartlett's  high  voice  was  so  well  mimicked  that  most  people  thought  it  was 
the  Major's  own  self. 

"  All  work  and  no  play  "  not  only  makes  Jack  a  dull  boy,  but  it  also  makes  him  a 
very  dull  soldier. 

Well,  the  NINTH  are  not  dull  soldiers. 

"  Besides  giving  all  the  time  possible  to  drill,  it  will  be  seen 
that  the  men  did  not  lack  for  amusement  ;  in  fact  it  would  be 
difficult  to  place  any  body  of  soldiers  in  such  a  position  that 
they  could  not  extract  some  pleasure  from  their  surroundings. 
On  the  8th,  the  Mercury  reached  102°,  and  yet,  during  that 
time  the  men  were  tramping  about  on  the  baking  parade 


1887  DEATH    OF    EX-COLONEL    DAVIS.  653 

ground,  where  the  grass  was  turning  brown  with  the  heat,  and 
not  the  suggestion  of  a  breeze  stirred  the  oak  leaves  off  on 
the  hill.  *  The  line  was  as  steady  as  a  wall,  though  the  men 
were  dripping  with  perspiration.  '  *  *  After  three  hours  of 
it  the  companies  marched  back  to  their  streets  with  every  man 
in  the  ranks  that  marched  out.  Not  a  case  of  sun-srroke, 
though  it  was  the  hardest  drill  of  the  season."'  {Herald,  of 
9th.) 

On  the  5th  of  September  ex-Colonel  John  W.  Davis,  who 
went  to  the  front  in  1861,  as  Captain  of  Company  D,  died  at 
Morristown,  N.  J.,  after  a  long  illness.  The  funeral  services 
were  held  at  St.  Mark's  Church,  on  the  8th. 

On  the  Qth  the  Veteran  Association  presented  to  ex-Cor 
poral  William  Scott,  of  Company  F  during  the  war,  Ser 
geant  of  Company  I,  since,  and  Commander  of  the  Veteran 
corps  from  1878  to  1886,  a  gold-mounted  cane,  which  contained 
the  names  of  the  members  of  the  organization,  cut  thereon. 

On  the  26th  Colonel  Sevvard  issued  orders  directing  that 
company  drills  should  be  resumed  on  the  evening  of  October 
3rd,  to  continue  until  April,  1888;  Lieutenant-Colonel  Rand 
and  Major  Bartlett,  alternately,  to  superintend  them.  At  a 
meeting  of  the  Veteran  corps,  held  about  this  time,  it  was 
reported  that  $3,436.80,  was  on  hand  towards  the  Gettysburg 
Monument.  Subsequently  ex-Commander  Scott  presented 
the  Association  with  a  splendid  set  of  silk  guidons,  elaborately 
worked  and  mounted,  and  they  were  carried  for  the  first  time 
on  the  occasion  of  the  dedication  of  the  Gettysburg  Monu 
ment,  in  July,  1888. 

Among  the  curious  and  interesting  facts  that  are  continu 
ally  cropping  out  respecting  events  that  occurred  during  the 
war  is  the  following  : 

At  the  battle  of  Spottsylvania,  Sergeant  Charles  H.  Barker, 
of  Company  B,  was  killed.  Shortly  after  the  engagement  a 
lady,  who  lived  nearby  the  battle-ground,  took  from  a  body  a 
silver  First  corps  badge,  with  Barker's  name,  regiment  and  com 
pany  inscribed  upon  it  ;  this  found  its  way  North,  long  after 
the  war,  and  upon  the  2gth  of  September,  1887,  twenty-three 


654  THE    NINTH    NEW    YORK.  1887 

years  after  the  event,  it  was  placed  in  the  hands  of  the  dead 
soldier's  mother — then  eighty-five  years  of  age — with  an 
account  of  its  finding1.  * 

o 

Early  in  the  year  Comrade  George  A.  Hussey  interested 
himself  in  the  recovery  of  the  remains  of  Colonel  Moesch, 
buried  at  the  Wilderness,  and  aided  by  Chaplain  Roe,  his  efforts 
were  successful.  The  Chaplain  was  the  only  member  of  the 
regiment  who  knew  the  exact  spot  of  burial,  and  from  a  diagram 
furnished  by  him,  Andrew  J.  Birdsall,  the  Superintendent  of 
the  National  Cemetery  at  Fredericksburg,  recovered  the 
remains,  and  re-interred  them  in  the  Cemetery  at  Fredericks- 
burg  on  the  zoth  of  October. 

In  a  letter  to  Captain  Hussey  Major  Birdsall  describes  the 
finding  of  the  body  and  gives  a  list  of  the  articles  found  about 
the  remains. 

One  pair  boots,  piece  of  vest,  eight  uniform  buttons  (large 
size),  three  uniform  buttons  (small  size),  and  one  bullet  ;  and 
adds  in  his  letter  : 

"  The  boots  are  in  pieces  as  the  stitching  was  all  gone,  and 
there  was  nothing  to  hold  them  together.  The  bits  of  cloth 
ing  is  all  I  could  secure,  the  rest  fell  to  pieces  as  soon  as 
exposed.  The  bullet  was  found  in  the  bottom  of  the  coffin 
between  the  shoulders  and  head." 

The  bullet  was  the  missile  that  killed  the  Colonel,  and  it 
had  dropped  to  the  bottom  of  the  coffin  as  the  remains  decom 
posed. 

On  the  1 2th  of  October  the  regiment  visited  Creedmoor 
for  practice  in  rifle  shooting,  and  on  the  24th  the  officers  met 
for  instruction  in  their  duties.  On  the  26th  the  annual  inspec 
tion  took  place,  and  the  following  is  the  official  return  made 
by  Lieut.-Colonel  FYederkk  C.  McLewee,  the  inspecting 
officer  : 


iSS/  INSPECTION'     RKI'ORT  655 


3  H 

3  8  o 

5    »  2  EL 

Field  and  staff  ..................   9  i  10 

N.  C.  Staff  .....................  ii  o  ii 

Co.  A  .........................  54  4  58 

Co.  B  .........................  26  24  50 

Co.  C  .........................  34  19  53 

Co.  D  .........................  37  10  47 

Co.  E  ..........................  31  1  8  49 

Co.  F  ..........................  54  14  68 

Co.  G.  .  .......................  39  10  50 

Co.  H  .........................  42  13  55 

Co.  I  ..........................  32  24  56 

Co.  K  ........................  30  24  54 


399  '6l  56° 

In  commenting  upon  recent  inspections  of  regiments  of  the 
National  Guard,  the  New  York  Tribune^  of  November  7th, 
said  : 

Among  the  inconveniences  to  which  the  members  of  the  NINTH  regiment  are  sub 
jected  are  the  incomplete  arrangements  for  heating  their  old  armory  over  a  stable  in 
West  Twenty-sixth  street.  The  boiler  was  condemned  two  years  ago  and  cannot 
safely  be  used  to  its  full  capacity.  There  is  a  question  as  to  whether  it  is  the  duty  of 
the  Armory  Board  or  of  the  Commissioner  of  Public  Works  to  attend  to  this  matter, 
and  it  has  been  referred  to  the  Corporation  Counsel  for  an  opinion,  which  he  may  find 
time  to  give  after  election.  The  regiment  bears  on  its  colors  the  names  of  battles 
fought  during  its  service.  It  was  for  a  year  under  General  Newton,  the  present  Com 
missioner,  and  the  men  think  that  this  fact  should  induce  him  to  give  some  attention 
to  their  interests  and,  as  a  member  of  the  Armory  Board,  should  try  to  have  a  new 
armory  provided  for  the  command.  Mayor  Hewitt  is  the  member  of  the  Board  whose 
assent  to  this,  it  appears  to  be  most  difficult  to  obtain.  He  appears  to  take  little  inter 
est  in  the  National  Guard  at  present.  If  there  should  be  a  riot  he  might  think  more 
of  the  troops  than  he  does  at  present. 

On  the  evening  of  Tuesday,  the  6th  of  December,  the  regi 
ment  assembled,  the  occasion  being  the  presentation  of  badges 
for  faithful  service  furnished  through  the  liberality  of  Ser 
geant  David  B.  Cohen,  of  Company  G.  Colonel  Seward  pre 
sented  the  trophies,  and  took  occasion  to  thank  the  donor  for 
the  interest  which  he  manifested  in  the  organization.  The 
year  before  ex-Captain  Joseph  A.  Carberry,  of  Company  D, 
offered  badges  for  a  like  purpose  ;  thus  showing,  although  not 
an  active  member  of  the  regiment,  his  unfailing'interest  in  the 
NINTH,  whose  members  had  been  very  loth  to  part  with  his 
services. 


656  THE    NINTH    NEW    YORK.  1887 

After  presentation  of  the  badges,  the  regiment  was  exer 
cised  in  Brownell's  system  of  street  riot  drill,  now  conceded  to 
be  the  best  form  for  that* emergency. 

For  a  number  of  years  the  State  had  been  endeavoring  to 
collect  from  the  General  Government  the  amount  spent  in 
equipping  regiments  that  went  to  the  field  early  in  the  war. 
In  several  of  the  militia  regiments,  among  which  was  the 
NINTH,  many  of  the  men  furnished  their  own  uniforms.  On 
the  22nd  of  the  month  the  following  letter  was  issued  : 

TREASURY  DEPARTMENT,  SECOND  COMPTROLLER'S  OFFICE, 

Washington,  D.  C\,  December  22nd,  1887. 
General  J.  G.  FARNSWORTH,  Albany,  N.  Y. 

DEAR  SIR:  Your  attention  is  called  to  the  fact  that  I  have  this  day  certified  as 
due  the  State  of  New  York  the  sum  of  $7,460,  under  the  act  of  July  27,  1861 — eighth 
installment — being  the  amount  paid  by  the  State,  under  the  act  of  its  Legislature 
1877,  to  reimburse  the  NINTH  (9th)  regiment,  New  York  State  militia,  now  NINTH 
regiment,  National  Guard,  State  of  New  York,  for  equipments  expended  in  the  service 
of  the  United  States  while  mustered  into  such  service  as  the  NINTH  New  York  militia 
and  Eighty-third  New  York  volunteers. 

Very  respectfully, 

SIGOURNEY  BUTLER, 

Comptroller. 

During  the  last  part  of  the  month  the  various  companies 
were  specially  inspected  by  an  officer  of  the  Adjutant-Gene 
ral's  office.  Those  companies  whose  turn  came  during  the  Holi 
day  week  were  unfortunate,  for  quite  a  number  of  the  members 
could  not  obtain  their  employer's  consent  to  absent  themselves 
from  business,  even  for  one  evening ;  the  result  was  that  many 
were  absent  from  the  ceremony,  through  no  fault  of  their  own, 
but  by  reason  of  "the  authorities"  orders,  issued,  as  should 
have  been  well  known,  at  the  worst  season  of  the  year  to 
expect  a  full  attendance. 


1888  AN    AMBULANCE    CORPS    FORMED.  657 


CHAPTER  XXXII. 

THE  RICHMOND  GRAYS  ARRIVE. 
1888. 

Organization  of  an  Ambulance  Corps. — Presentation  of  War  Relics  to  the  Veteran 
Association. — Colonel  Sevvard  Drilling  in  Battalion  Movements. — The  Veterans 
attend  the  Funeral  of  General  Jos6  Antonio  Pdez. — Rifle  Practice  at  Creedmoor. 
— Promotion  of  Major  Bartlett  to  Judge  Advocate  on  Staff  of  the  Governor. — Pre 
sentation  to  Company  A  by  the  Veteran  Association. — Street  Riot  Drill. — Pro 
motions  Announced.— The  Richmond  Grays  Arrive. — Annual  Banquet  of  the 
Veterans. — Memorial  Day. — What  the  Richmond  Grays  Did  while  in  the  City. 

T  ATE  in  1887  the  Adjutant-General  directed  each  regiment 
to  organize  an  ambulance  corps,  and  on  the  Qth  of  January 
Colonel  Seward  issued  "Orders  No.  i,"  making  the  necessary 
detail.  The  corps  consists  of  the  "  medical  officers  of  this 
command,  the  hospital  steward,  two  enlisted  men  from  each 
company,  and  such  corporals,  not  exceeding  two,  as  shall  be 
selected  by  the  senior  medical  officer." 

The  duties  of  such  a  corps  on  the  march  and  in  battle  are 
apparent,  and  that  the  members  composing  it  shall  be  efficient 
is  indicated  by  the  course  of  instruction  laid  down. 

"  Rudimentary  instruction  in  anatomy  and  physiology. 

"  Rudimentary  instruction  in  the  diagnosis  of  the  common 
accidents  and  diseased  conditions  to  which  national  guards 
men  are  exposed,  and  the  common  means  for  the  prevention 
of  the  same. 

"  Instruction  as  to  the  common  means  employed  for  the 
urgent  relief  of  the  sick  and  the  injured,  including  stretcher- 
drill  and  matters  pertaining  to  transportation  of  the  sick  and 
injured. 

"Instruction  in  individual  and  camp  hygiene." 

At  a  meeting  of  the  Veteran  Organization,  held  on  the 
evening  of  the  Qth,  there  was  presented  to  the  society — by 


658  THE    NINTH    NEW    YCRK. 

Captain  Walter  Scott,  on  behalf  of  the  donor — the  bullet  that 
killed  Colonel  Moesch,  and  some  of  the  buttons  from  the  coat 
and  vest  worn  by  him  at  the  time  of  his  death,  all  of  which 
had  been  mounted  on  a  silver  shield  and  enclosed  in  a  neat 
case. 

Company  drills  were  frequent  during  the  winter  months, 
and  in  February  battalion  movements  were  ordered.  Colonel 
Seward  was,  at  all  times,  active  in  the  performance  of  his 
duties,  and  in  his  efforts  to  bring  his  command  up  to  a  high 
degree  of  efficiency. 

Six  battalion  drills  were  held  during  the  month  of  March  ; 
these  with  the  regular  company  drills  kept  the  men  busy,  and 
improved  the  morale  of  the  regiment. 

On  the  24th  of  the  month  the  Veteran  organization  formed 
part  of  the  escort  to  the  remains  of  General  Jose  Antonio 
Paez,  formerly  President  of  the  republic  of  Venezuela. 

In  April  drilling  was  vigorously  prosecuted.  Several  new 
officers  were  commissioned  and  two  resigned.  The  latter 
were  Surgeon  Stephen  W.  Roof  and  Captain  Theodore  H. 
Swift.  In  announcing  the  resignations,  in  "Orders  No.  20," 
Colonel  Seward  said  : 

"  The  regiment  can  ill  afford  to  lose  the  services  of  these  officers  and  their  record 
is  one  of  duty  faithfully  performed.  They  leave  the  organization  with  the  best  wishes 
of  the  Command  for  their  future  prosperity,  and  this  official  notice  of  the  severance 
of  official  relations  is  recorded  with  sincere  regret." 

On  the  3Oth  of  the  month  a  regimental  order  was  issued 
relatirjg  to  rifle  practice  at  Creedmoor.  The  Adjutant-Gene 
ral  had  designated  certain  days  upon  which  Guardsmen  might, 
under  such  supervision  as  the  General  Inspector  of  Rifle 
Practice  should  direct,  practice  on  the  range.  Transportation 
and  ammunition  were  furnished  free. 

On  the  1 2th  of  May  Major  Bartlett  was  appointed  Judge 
Advocate-General  on  the  Governor's  staff.  This  was  a  well- 
merited  tribute  to  the  ability  which  this  young  officer  had  dis 
played  during  his  connection  with  the  National  Guard. 

He   entered   the   military  service   in    Company  C,  Seventh 


i888  THE  VETERAN'S  TROPHY  PRESENTED.  659 

regiment,  Oct.  4,  1871  ;  was  promoted  Colonel  and  Aide-de 
camp  on  the  staff  of  Governor  Samuel  J.  Tilden,  Jan.  ist  ; 
detailed  as  acting  Adjutant  NINTH  regiment,  by  Orders  No. 
145,  A.  G.  O.  Oct.  12,  1875  ;  re-commissioned  Colonel  and 
Aide-de-camp  Jan.  i,  1877;  relieved  (upon  his  application) 
from  acting  Adjutant,  NINTH  regiment,  by  Orders  No.  213,  A. 
G.  O.,  Oct.  25,  1878  ;  his  commission  as  Colonel  and  Aide-de 
camp  expired  Dec.  31,  1879;  commissioned  Adjutant,  NINTH 
regiment,  June  25,  1883  ;  Major,  Feb.  5,  1884.  ;  Judge  Advocate 
and  Brigadier-General,  May  12.  1888. 

On  the  evening  of  the  i6th  an  interesting  event  occurred. 
From  the  Tribune,  of  the  1 7th,  we  quote  the  following 
account : 


The  regiment  assembled  at  the  armory  in  West  Twenty-sixth  street  in  St-te  ser 
vice  uniform,  with  black  helmets  and  white  leggings,  and  presented  a  neat  and  soldierly 
appearance.  Colonel  William  Seward,  Jr.,  was  in  command.  After  the  regiment  had 
been  turned  over  to  him  by  the  Adjutant,  he  exercised  the  men  in  the  manual  of  arms 
and  then  ordered  Company  A,  Captain  George  T.  Lorigan,  to  the  front. 

A  delegation  of  the  veterans  of  the  regiment  was  drawn  up  behind  the  Colonel, 
and  on  their  behalf,  Commander  William  Scott,  presented  to  Company  A,  the  trophy 
won  by  that  command  by  having  the  largest  number  of  recruits  present  at  the  last 
inspection.  It  was  a  handsome  copper,  bronze  and  silver  urn,  inscribed  with  the  name 
of  the  company  and  a  statement  of  the  manner  in  which  it  had  been  won.  Comman 
der  Scott,  in  a  brief  address,  eulogized  the  regiment  and  spoke  of  the  deep  interest 
taken  in  it  by  the  Veteran  Association.  Captain  Lorigan  thanked  him  on  behalf  of 
his  company  for  the  gift.  After  a  brief  rest  the  regiment  was  marched  into  the  street 
and  proceeded  through  Twenty-sixth  street,  Fifth  avenue  and  Seventeenth  street,  to 
the  Plaza  on  the  north  of  Union  Square.  There  a  street  riot  drill  was  had,  and  for  an 
hour  the  command  did  gallant  battle  with  an  imaginary  mob,  advancing  and  retreat 
ing,  wheeling  into  line  and  delivering  volley  after  volley  by  companies  into  the  invisi 
ble  foe.  Of  course  no  cartridges  were  used  in  the  firing,  but  the  loud  tones  of  the 
Colonel  and  the  thunders  of  the  captains  and  the  shouting  awakened  the  echoes  in  the 
neighborhood  and  attracted  many  people  to  the  scene.  The  movements  were  exe 
cuted  with  much  precision.  Then  the  command  was  marched  back  to  the  armory. 

On   the   22nd  "  Orders   No.  26  "   were   issued,   from  which 
the  following  extracts  are  made  : 

"  I.  Pursuant  to  orders  from  Brigade  Headquarters,  this  regiment  will  parade  in 
State  Service  uniform  coat,  helmets,  white  trousers,  white  gloves,  on  Wednesday, 
May  3oth,  to  participate  in  the  ceremonies  incident  to  Memorial  Day. 

"II.    Promoted: 

"  Major  Clifford  A.  H.  Bartlett  having  been  appointed  Judge  Advocate-General  by 


660  THE    NINTH    NEW    YORK.  1888 

the  Commarider-in-Chit;f  it  is  eminently  fit  and  proper  in  this,  the  first  order  issued 
since  he  has  been  commissioned,  while  lamenting  his  loss  to  ourselves  as  indi 
viduals  and  as  an  organization,  to  congratulate  the  National  Guard  of  the  State  on  its 
acquisition  of  an  officer  eminently  equipped  for  the  duties  of  the  office  to  which  he  has 
been  appointed,  and  knowing  that  the  qualities  which  have  endeared  him  to  his 
present  associates  cannot  fail  to  multiply  his  friends  in  the  wider  field  he  now  enters. 

"III.  Officers  Commissioned  : 

"  Major  and  Surgeon  Alvah  H.  Doty,  vice  Roof  resigned,  with  rank  from  March 
8th. 

"  Second  Lieutenant  Godfrey  A.  S.  Wieners,  vice  Cook  promoted,  with  rank  from 
March  22d. 

"  They  will  be  obeyed  and  respected  accordingly. 

****** 

"VIII.  The  "Richmond  Grays"  Co.  "A"  First  Virginia  Volunteers,  Captain 
Bossieux,  commanding,  having  accepted  the  invitation  to  make  the  Regimental 
Armory  their  headquarters  while  in  New  York,  Company  "  A"  NINTH  regiment  is 
hereby  detailed  to  escort  them  thereto  on  their  arrival  in  the  city,  Monday,  28th  inst. 
Tuesday  evening,  29th  inst.,  Captain  Bossieux  will  drill  his  command  in  the  large  drill 
room,  and  members  of  the  NINTH  regiment  will  then  have  an  opportunity  of  witness 
ing  the  perfection  attained  by  this  famous  Command. 

"  Captain  Bossieux  having  expressed  the  desire  to  visit  the  tomb  of  General  Grant 
•on  Memorial  Day,  with  his  command,  (Company  E)  Captain  Japha  is  detailed  to  act 
as  escort  on  that  occasion.  In  the  Memorial  Day  parade,  the  "  Richmond  Grays  "will 
participate  as  a  part  of  the  NINTH  regiment,  and  the  Adjutant  will  assign  it  to  the 
position  in  line  it  would  occupy  if  its  Commandant  was  the  Senior  officer." 

In  the  last  two  paragraphs  above  quoted,  is  another  exem 
plification  of  the  Fraternity  now  existing  between  the  military 
organizations,  North  and  South.  How  like  the  visit  of  the 
"Savannah  Blues"  in  1860. 

The  annual  banquet  of  the  Veteran  Association  took  place 
on  the  evening  of  the  28th.  From  the  columns  of  the  Star 
the  following  report  is  taken  : 

Twenty-seven  years  ago  last  Monday  night  the  boys  of  the  NINTH  N.  Y.  S.  M. 
(Eighty-third  N.  Y.  Volunteers)  would  have  been  happy  over  a  pot  of  black  coffee  and 
a  cup  of  boiled  beans,  but  on  the  present  occasion  the  best  that  the  Westminster 
Hotel  afforded  was  hardly  good  enough.  The  old  veterans  reversed  the  parable,  inas 
much  as  they  had  received  their  bad  things  in  Virginia,  now  they  were  bound  to 
make  up  for  it  in  New  York.  It  was  simply  Dives  reversed,  for  not  one  called  for  a 
drop  of  water — nothing  would  do  but  "  Mumm  and  Heidsieck." 

This  was  the  twenty-seventh  anniversary  dinner,  and  there  was  a^comparatively 
goodly  number  present  to  enjoy  it.  Although  the  hand  of  time  is  telling  upon  them, 
and  many  heads  that  once  boasted  of  a  heavy  crop  of  fur  now  resemble  billiard  balls, 
still  their  spirits  were  more  buoyant,  if  possible,  than  ever.  The  memory  of  past 
•dangers  unites  them  in  a  bond  of  fraternity  little  understood  by  the  thoughtless  rising 
ireneration. 


IS88  TWENTY-SEVENTH    ANNUAL    BANQUET.  66 1 

At  9  o'clock  the, veterans  and  their  invited  guests  arrived,  and  after  hearty  hand 
shakings  and  mutual  congratulations  the  dinner  was  announced.  A  fine  string  band 
discoursed  military  music  from  "  Way  Down  South  in  Dixie"  to  "  Yankee  Doodle," 
and  the  old  boys  "  fell  in."  It  is  useless  to  discuss  the  dinner  and  the  various  courses. 
It  was  good  enough  even  for  war  veterans,  and  that  is  good  enough  for  a  king. 

Among  the  distinguished  guests  present  were  General  Nicholas  W.  Day,  General 
John  Hendrickson,  Asst.-Adjt.-Genl.  G.  A.  R.,  William  Todd  of  Albany,  Colonel  Wil 
liam  Seward,  Jr.,  Colonel  Charles  R.  Braine,  Majors  Henry  V.  Williamson  and  D.  William 
Diggs,  Colonel  John  T.  Fryer,  Colonel  Thomas  B.  Odell.  Lieutenant-Colonel  Thomas 
B.  Rand,  Commander  Van  Wyck  of  A.  S.  Williams  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  Hon.  Orlando  B. 
Potter,  and  many  others.  Letters  of  regret  were  received  from  General  Alex.  S. 
Webb,  Mayor  Abram  S.  Hewitt,  General  John  Newton  and  John  C.  Robinson,  who 
promised  to  meet  them  at  Gettysburg. 

Commander  William  Scott,  president  of  the  Veteran  Association,  presided,  and 
welcomed  the  guests  in  a  happy  speech.  Colonel  Charles  R.  Braine  responded  to  the 
toast  of  the  NINTH  regiment  and  its  motto,  and  Hon.  Orlando  B.  Potter  responded  in 
an  eloquent  speech  to  the  "  State  of  New  York."  After  complimenting  her  soldiers, 
he  said  he  was  happy  that  all  the  States  were  now  united  in  the  bonds  of  brotherhood 
and  eternal  love,  which  had  never  resulted  from  any  war  in  the  past  or  never  would 
from  any  in  the  future. 

Past  Commander  Thomas  B.  Odell,  of  J.  A.  Dix  Post,  responded  to  the  "  Army  and 
Navy."  The  navy,  he  thought,  had  never  been  rendered  its  just  clues,  and  had  it  not 
been  for  them  we  should  never  have  captured  New  Orleans,  Mobile,  Vicksburg  or 
Port  Hudson.  The  name  Grand  Army  includes  both.  Ladies  are  not  mentioned,  bui 
as  we  know  that  mankind  always  embraces  them,  it  is  not  necessary.  [Great  laugh 
ter.]  He  closed  amid  rounds  of  applause. 

Comrade  D.  W.  Diggs,  formerly  of  the  regiment,  but  now  of  Dakota,  responded 
to  the  "  National  Guard."  They  saved  the  Capital  in  1861,  and  it  is  the  right  arm  of 
the  nation,  with  the  regular  army  as  a  nucleus. 

Asst.  Adjt.-Gen'l  William  Todd,  spoke  of  the  increase  in  the  ranks  of  the  Grand 
Army. 

To  the  toast,  "Our  Honored  Dead,"  Past  Commander  Archibald  Stewart  spoke 
feelingly,  and  referred  to  the  recent  death  of  Dr.  Howard  Pinkney,  the  old  surgeon  of 
the  regiment,  and  paid  a  deserved  compliment  to  his  virtues  and  worth.  Captain 
Joseph  A.  Bluxome,  responded  to  "  The  Ladies,"  and  the  Grand  Army  representative 
of  The  Star  to  "  The  Press."  It  was  a  grand  gathering  of  old  war  veterans,  and  it 
was  late  on  Tuesday  morning  before  the  strains  of  "  Auld  Lang  Syne"  and  "  Home 
Sweet  Home"  notified  the  enthusiastic  boys  that  their  wives  were  lonesome  at  home. 

Memorial  Day — the  3Oth — was  fittingly  celebrated,  the 
NINTH  parading  nine  commands  of  fifteen  files  each — the  tenth 
being  the  "  Richmond  Grays,"  which  occupied  the  right  of  the 
line.  Upon  the  reviewing  stand  at  Union  Square  were  Presi 
dent  Grover  Cleveland  and  members  of  his  cabinet,  General 
Curtis,  Commander  of  the  Department  of  New  York  G.  A.  R., 
and  many  other  distinguished  citizens.  After  the  column  had 
passed,  the  President's  party,  and  the  Department  Commander 


662  THE    NINTH    NEW    YORK.  1 88 8 

and  staff,  proceeded  to  review  the  parade  in  Brooklyn,  while 
the  Richmond  Grays,  escorted  by  Company  E,  of  the  NINTH, 
Captain  Sol.  E.  Japha,  went  to  the  tomb  of  General  Grant,  at 
Riverside  Park,  where,  in  company  with  U.  S.  Grant  Post 
327,  G.  A.  R.,  they  decorated  the  tomb  of  the  great  soldier, 
the  Grays  also  firing  the  funeral  volleys. 

The  "  Richmond  Grays,"  Company  A,  First  Virginia  vol 
unteers,  from  Richmond,  56  strong,  Captain  C.  Gray  Bossieux, 
and  Lieutenants  Garrison  and  Gibbs,  had  reached  the  city  on 
the  morning  of  the  28th  by  the  Old  Dominion  Line  steamer, 
and  were  received  by  Company  A,  of  the  NINTH,  Captain 
Lorigan,  and  the  full  regimental  drum  corps.  Marching  to  the 
City  Hall,  the  column  was  reviewed  by  Mayor  Hewitt,  and  then 
the  march  was  continued  up  Broadway  to  Fifth  Avenue,  to  the 
Armory,  where  a  collation  was  served,  which  was  supplemented 
by  speeches  from  Colonel  Spottswood  of  Richmond,  a  guest  of 
the  "Grays,'  Colonel  Seward  of  the  NINTH,  and  Captains 
Bossieux  and  Lorigan. 

The  rest  of  the  day  was  spent  in  sight-seeing,  Central  Park 
and  other  places  of  note  being  visited.  In  the  evening  the 
"  Grays  "  were  escorted  to  the  Armory  of  the  Seventy-first 
regiment  by  Company  D  of  that  regiment,  Captain  Alfred  P. 
Delcambre.  After  witnessing  a  review  of  the  regiment  and 
presentation  of  marksman's  badges,  the  guests  were  entertained 
by  the  Seventy-first  at  a  banquet  at  Mazettis',  where  they  met 
a  number  of  prominent  National  Guard  officers,  and  where  a 
number  of  good  speeches  were  delivered. 

Tuesday,  the  29th,  was  spent  in  visiting  various  points  of 
interest  about  the  city,  under  the  escort  of  members  of  Com 
pany  A  of  the  NINTH  ;  several  parties  being  formed,  one  of 
which  went  up  to  West  Point.  In  the  evening  the  "  Grays  " 
gave  an  exhibition  drill  at  the  Armory  of  the  NINTH,  which  was 
witnessed  by  nearly  the  whole  regiment,  the  Veteran  Associ 
ation  and  numerous  visitors  ;  after  which  the  officers  of  the 
NINTH  entertained  the  visitors  at  a  banquet. 

Before  proceeding  to  the  tomb  of  General  Grant  on  Me 
morial  Day,  the  "  Grays  "  partook  of  a  lunch  with  Company 


i888  VISIT    OF    THE    RICHMOND    GRAYS.  663 

E  of  the  NINTH,  Captain  Japha.  At  the  tomb  an  eloquent 
address  was  made  by  General  Stewart  L.  Woodford,  the  visit 
of  the  "  Grays  "  being  feelingly  alluded  to.  Colonel  Frederick 
D.  Grant  was  also  present  and  expressed  his  appreciation  of 
the  visit  of  the  Virginia  soldiers.  The  "  Grays"  decorated  the 
tomb  with  flowers  brought  from  Richmond  for  that  purpose. 
After  the  visitors  had  fired  a  salute  over  the  tomb,  they  were 
escorted  to  the  boat  upon  which  U.  S.  Grant  Post,  No.  327, 
G.  A.  R.,  of  Brooklyn,  had  reached  the  place,  and  where  a  col 
lation  was  served  during  the  return  to  the  city.  Leaving  the 
boat  at  the  foot  of  West  Twenty-second  Street,  the  "  Grays  " 
were  escorted  to  the  armory  of  the  NINTH,  where  they  de 
posited  their  arms  and  then  sought  their  sleeping  quarters, 
ready  for  a  night's  rest  after  the  excitements  of  the  day. 

On  Thursday,  under  escort  of  Captain  Lorigan  and  Lieu-, 
tenant  Wieners  of  the  NINTH,  Captain  Bossieux,  the  lieu 
tenants  and  several  others  of  the  visitors  visited  the  Stock, 
Produce,  and  other  Exchanges,  and  in  the  afternoon,  upon 
invitation  of  Comrade  William  F.  Cody  (Buffalo  Bill),  visited 
the  "  Wild  West  "  show  on  Staten  Island,  where  they  were 
hospitably  entertained. 

On  Friday  the  Commissioners  of  Charities  and  Correction 
took  charge  of  the  visitors,  who,  with  several  officers  and  mem 
bers  of  the  NINTH,  were  taken  to  the  Islands  in  the  East  River 
and  shown  the  institutions  controlled  by  the  Board.  Commis 
sioner  Brennan  royally  entertained  his  guests  before  parting 
with  them.  In  the  evening,  upon  invitation  of  Col.  J.  A. 
McCaull,  the  "Grays"  and  officers  of  the  NINTH  visited 
\Vullack's  Theatre  and  witnessed  the  representation  of  "  The 
Lady  and  the  Tiger"  A  lunch  at  Delmonico's,  then  a  tour 
of  portions  of  the  town  "  by  gas-light,"  after  which  Lieut- 
Col.  Rancl  of  the  NINTH  entertained  the  party  with  a  colla 
tion  at  the  St.  Cloud  Hotel,  which  did  not  end  till  daylight 
warned  the  revellers  to  disperse. 

Saturday  forenoon  was  spent  by  the  "Grays"  in  packing  up 
preparatory  to  returning  home.  They  were  escorted  to  the  Old 


664  THE    NINTH    NEW    YORK.  1888 

Dominion  steamer  by  Company  B  of  the  NINTH,  Captain 
Noah  L.  Cocheu  and  full  drum  corps,  and  accompanied  by  a 
large  number  of  the  officers  and  members  of  the  regiment. 
At  three  o'clock,  amid  cheers  and  waving  of  handkerchiefs,  the 
boat  left  the  dock. 

The  Tribune,  of  the  3d,  had  this  to  say  of  their  departure  : 

The  Richmond  Grays,  Company  A,  ist  Virginia  Volunteers,  under  command  of 
Captain  Bossieux,  started  for  home  yesterday  afternoon  by  the  Old  Dominion  Line 
Steamer  Szneca.  The  visitors,  who  were  the  guests  of  Company  A,  were  delighted 
with  the  attention  and  entertainment  accorded  them  at  the  Armory,  and  gave  vent  to 
their  feelings  after  they  boarded  the  vessel  by  many  times  three  cheers  and  a  whole 
jungle  of  tigers.  Captain  Bossieux  said  :  As  for  myself,  the  only  thing  I  was  allowed 
to  buy  here  was  a  little  box  of  parlor  matches  for  five  cents.  The  fife  and  drum  corps 
played  "  Home  Again  "  as  the  vessel  steamed  out  into  the  stream,  and  the  men  of  the 
two  companies  gave  parting  cheers. 

On  the  ist  of  the  month  the  Veteran  Organization  attended 
the  funeral  of  Doctor  Howard  Pinkney,  who  died  suddenly  in 
England  on  the  i4th  of  May.  He  had  sailed  from  New  York 
on  the  5th  of  May  for  a  period  of  rest  and  recreation,  and  was, 
without  a  moment's  warning,  stricken  down.  The  services 
were  held  at  the  church  of  the  Holy  Trinity,  Madison  Ave.  and 
Forty-second  Street. 

The  pall  bearers  were  Dr.  O.  M.  Arkenburg,  William  Scott, 
Esq.,  Major  John  H.  Kemp,  Dr.  Geo.  C.  Freeborn,  Dr.  Robert 
Wier,  T.  L.  Van  Smull,  James  Warren,  and  W.  F.  Shirley. 

The  interment  was  at  the  Second  Street  Marble  Cemetery, 
where  a  short  address  and  prayer  were  made  by  Bishop  Newman 
of  the  Methodist  Episcopal  Church. 

On  the  8th  the  regiment  proceeded  to  Creedmoor  for  "first 
general  rifle-practice."  On  the  i3th  the  Veteran  Organization 
was  again  ordered  out,  and  took  part  in  the  unveiling  of  the  Put 
nam  Statue,  at  Brooklyn,  Conn. 


1888  INHERITED    HONORS.  665 


CHAPTER  XXXIII. 

G  E  T  T  \  S  H  U  R  G     REVISITED. 

1888    (CONTINUED). 

Inherited  Honors. — The  Society  of  the  Army  of  the  Potomac  Invites  the  NINTH  to 
Escort  it  to  Gettysburg. — The  Legislature  Provides  for  the  Expense. — Colonel 
Seward's  Acceptance  of  the  Invitation. — Laying  of  the  Corner  Stone  of  the  Monu 
ment  at  Gettysburg. — The  Veteran  Association  and  Guests  Leave  for  Gettysburg. 
— Arrival  There. — Visit  to  the  Battle-field. — The  Monument. — Arrival  of  the  Regi 
ment. — "Orders  No.  30." — Pennsylvania  and  New  Jersey  Provide  for  the  Comfort 
of  the  NINTH. — Meeting  of  the  First  Corps  Society  in  Reynolds'  Grove. 

^HE    King  never   dies" — an    army,  a  corps,  division,  bri 
gade,    regiment,   company,    is   never    without    a    head, 
never  without  a  commander.       "The  kinof  is  dead,   lone  live 

<->  O 

the  king  !"  is  uttered  in  the  same  breath.  Seniority  in  rank 
regulates  the  succession.  The  regiment  that  fought  at  Water 
loo  bears  upon  its  banner,  to-day,  that  proud  record,  albeit 
not  one  of  its  members  was  born  when  the  organization 
achieved  its  greatest  glory. 

The  NINTH  of  to-day,  although  a  quarter  of  a  century  has 
elapsed,  is  not  so  far  removed  from  Gettysburg,  but  that  some 
of  its  number  wear  the  badge  of  the  G.  A.  R.,  and  claim  com- 
radship  with  the  Veteran  Organization  because  of  their  active 
service  at  that  time.  But,  even,  were  none  of  this  element  in 
the  ranks,  the  glory  of  the  earlier  clay  rests  upon  the  regiment 
now. 

"  You  may  break,  you  may  shatter  the  vase  if  you  will, 
But  the  scent  of  the  roses,  will  linger  there  still." 

We  now  approach  the  closing,  and,  perhaps,  as  interesting 
a  part  of  the  history  of  the  regiment  as  any  yet  recorded. 

The  advance  of  civilization  and  the  march  of  improvements 
is  shown  nowhere  more  forcibly  than  upon  the  field  of  Gettys 
burg.  History  shows  no  parallel  to  match  this  great  battle 


666  THE    NINTH    NEW    YORK. 

field.  Nowhere  in  the  world  is  there  a  Mecca,  where  so  many 
enduring  monuments  mark  the  spot  made  sacred  by  the  heroism, 
valor  and  bloodshed  of  its  Country's  defenders.  The  NINTH,  as 
has  been  recorded,  bore  an  honorable  part  in  this  pivotal  battle 
of  the  War  of  the  Rebellion,  and  one  of  the  finest  monuments 
of  the  many  beautiful  memorials  erected  to  the  defenders  of  the 
Union,  marks  the  line  held  by  the  regiment  on  the  ist  of  July, 
1863. 

The  movement  to  erect  this  noble  column  has  been  noted 
in  a  previous  chapter  ;  it  is  now  the  pleasing  duty  to  record  its 
completion  and  dedication,  and  thus  fittingly  close  the  history 
of  the  NINTH  regiment,  to  the  present  time. 

The  Society  of  the  Army  of  the  Potomac,  at  its  meeting  at 
Saratoga  in  1887,  decided  to  hold  the  next  reunion  at.  Gettys 
burg.  On  the  1 4th  of  April  the  following  letter  was  addressed 
to  Colonel  Seward  : 


SOCIETY  OF  THE  ARMY  OF  THE  POTOMAC. 
OFFICE  OF  THE  RECORDING  SECRETARY,  No.  38  PARK  Row, 

NEW  YORK,  April  14,  1888. 
Colonel  WILLIAM  SEWARD,  Jr. 

Commanding  NINTH  Regiment  N.  G.  S.  N.  Y. 

MY  DEAR  SIR:  The  Society  of  the  Army  of  the  Potomac  will  hold  its  annual  reunion 
at  Gettysburg  on  the  ist,  2d  and  3d  of  July.  I  am  directed  by  the  Executive  Com 
mittee  to  tender  to  your  regiment,  active  as  well  as  veteran,  an  invitation  to  act  as 
escort  for  the  society  on  that  occasion.  The  distinguished  services  of  the  NINTH  regi 
ment  throughout  the  War  make  it  eminently  fit  and  proper  that  to  them  should  be 
extended  the  opportunity  of  performing  this  duty  on  that  occasion.  Awaiting  your 
early  reply,  I  have  the  honor  to  be,  very  respectfully  and  truly  yours, 

HORATIO  C.  KING. 
Recording-  Secretary  Army  of  the  Potomac. 

The  State  had  generously  made  provision  for  the  expenses 
of  the  escort  to  the  society  in  1887,  and  this  year  granted  the 
same  favor  to  the  NINTH.  A  bill  was  introduced  in  the  upper 
house  by  Senator  Michael  C.  Murphy,  promptly  passed  by 
both  branches  and  signed  by  the  executive  on  the  I5th  of 
May, 

It  authorized  the  Governor  "  to  detail  the  regiment  to 
attend  the  dedication  of  the  monument  erected  by  the  State, 


iS88  SOCIETY    OF    THE    ARMY    OF    THE    POTOMAC.  66  / 

in  honor  of  the  survivors*  of  that  regiment  at  Gettysburg,  in 
July."  The  bill  also  appropriated  $7,000  to  defray  the  neces 
sary  expenses  of  transportation  and  subsistence. 

The  language  of  the  bill  needs  some  explanation.  "  Erected 
by  the  State"  means,  simply,  that  the  State  had  appropriated 
$1,500  toward  the  erection  of  a  monument  to  each  regiment, 
battery  and  independent  company  from  the  State,  that  took 
part,  or  was  present  at  the  battle.  As  will  be  seen  the  cost  of 
the  NINTH'S  monument  was  much  more  than  the  above  sum. 

On  May  22nd  Colonel  Seward  addressed  the  following  letter 
to  General  King  : 

HEADQUARTERS  NINTH  REGIMENT,  NATIONAL  GUARD,  STATE  OF  NEW  YORK. 

May  22,  1888. 
Brigadier-General  HORATIO  C.  KING. 

Recording  Secretary  Society  of  the  Army  of  thePotomac. 

Mv  DEAR  SIR  :  I  duly  received  your  valued  favor  of  the  I4th  ult.,  in  which  you  com 
municated  to  me  the  action  of  the  executive  committee  of  your  society  at  a  special 
meeting,  viz. :  "The  invitation  to  the  NINTH  regiment,  active  as  well  as  veteran,  to 
act  as  its  escort  on  the  occasion  of  its  annual  reunion  on  the  1st,  2cl  and  3d  of  July  at 
Gettysburg."  As  the  Legislature  of  the  State  has  authorized  the  commander-in-chief 
to  detail  the  NINTH  regiment  to  be  present  on  the  occasion  of  the  dedication  of  the 
monument  erected  on  that  historic  ground,  in  memory  of  former  members  of  the  regi 
ment  who  fell  on  that  and  other  fields  during  the  late  War,  I  am  able  to  accept,  in 
behalf  of  the  active  organization,  the  tender  so  gracefully  and  happily  conveyed  by 
yourself,  and  to  assure  your  committee  of  the  high  appreciation  of  the  honor  thus  con 
ferred.  It  will  be  our  aim,  in  the  performance  of  the  duty  devolving  upon  us  by  such 
acceptance,  to  merit  the  approbation  of  the  Society  of  the  Army  of  the  Potomac,  and 
especially  that  of  its  honored  members  of  the  executive  committee.  I  will  be  glad  if 
you  wiirinform  me  as  soon  as  convenient  of  the  exerdses  incident  to  the  reunion,  and 
remain,  very  respectfully,  your  obedient  servant, 

WILLIAM  SEWARD,  JR., 

Colonel  NINTH  Regiment. 

Meanwhile,  and  in  anticipation  of  the  trip,  drilling  was 
vigorously  prosecuted,  Colonel  Seward  announcing  that 
"  none  but  well  instructed  men  will  be  allowed  to  accompany 
the  command." 

On  May  2gth  the  corner-stone  of  the  monument  was  laid 
—without  ceremony — the  work  being  superintended  by  Capt. 

*  So  in  the  original. 


668  THE    NINTH    NEW    YORK.  1888 

John  G.    Noonan,  the   Inspector   of    Monumental   work.       A 
metal  box  placed  in  the  corner  stone  contained  : 

Nos.  i  and  2  of  The  New  York  NINTH,  the  paper  published 
by  the  regiment  at  Warrenton,  Va.,  on  Tuesday,  July  3ist,  and 
Thursday,  Aug.  7th,  1862,  which  were  presented  by  Captain 
John  H.  Van  Wyck. 

No.  163,  vol.  LV,  N.  Y.  Sun,  Tuesday,  Feb.  loth,  1888, 
and  which  contained  a  description  and  cut  of  the  monument. 

No.  1694,  vol.  LXVI,  Frank  Leslies  Illustrated  News 
paper,  March  3d,  1888,  and  which  also  contained  a  descrip 
tion  and  cut  of  the  monument. 

The  roll  of  membership  of  the  Veteran  Organization  of  the 
NINTH. 

Register  of  the  Commissioned  Officers. 

Muster-out  rolls  of  the  Field  and  Staff,  Non. -Commissioned 
Staff  and  Band  of  the  NINTH  N.  Y.  S.  M.,  83d  N.  Y.  Vols. 

Muster-out  rolls  of  each  of  the  ten  companies,  and  of  the 
Battery  "  Company  K,"  afterward  known  as  the  Sixth  N.  Y. 
Independent  Battery. 

List  of  subscribers  to  the  Gettysburg  Monument  Fund,  to 
May  2nd,  1888. 

N.  Y.  Trttune,vo\.  XLVIII,  No.  15,144,  and  N.  Y.  World. 
vol.  XXVIII,  No.  9,752,  both  of  May  2nd,  1888. 

The  corner-stone  is  in  the  southeast  corner  of  the  monu 
ment. 

On  the  evening  of  the  29th  the  members  of  the  Veteran 
Organization,  and  their  guests,  left  New  York  in  a  special 
train,  via  the  Penn.  R.  R.,  and  arrived  at  Gettysburg  at  seven 
o'clock  the  following  Saturday  morning.  After  breakfast,  at 
the  Eagle  hotel  in  the  town,  carriages  were  procured  and  the 
field  of  the  second  and  third  days  visited.  In  the  afternoon 
•the  ride  was  extended  and  the  field  of  the  first  day's  battle  was 
examined,  the  most  interesting  part  being  that  portion  of  the 
line  occupied  by  the  NINTH,  and  where  the  beautiful  monu 
ment  stood  in  all  its  glory.  This  is  the  proper  place  for  a 
description. 

The     monument     stands      on     Reynolds     Avenue,    which 


1  888  AT    GETTYSBURG.  669 

extends  along  Seminary  Ridge,  and  is  near  the  Mummasburg 
Road.  The  shaft  is  built  of  alternate  layers  of  light  and  red 
Westerly  granite,  the  light  faced,  while  the  red  is  rough,  and  is 
fifty-one  feet  high  and  fifteen  feet  square  at  the  base.  On  the 
summit  is  a  huge  cannon  ball,  upon  which  is  poised,  with  wings 
outstretched,  a  bronze  eacfle,  weiofhinof  some  seven  hundred 

o  o  o 

pounds,  and  which  was  modeled  after  an  eagle  shot  in  that 
county  a  short  time  previous  to  the  erection. 

The  ride  was  continued  along  Oak  Ridge  to  the  line  occu 
pied  by  the  Eleventh  Corps,  back  to  the  town,  then  upon 
Cemetery  Hill  over  to  Culps  Hill  and  as  far  as  Spangler's 
Spring,  by  which  time  it  was  dark  ;  when  the  veterans  were 
content  to  return  to  the  hotel  for  supper,  after  which,  until 
bed-time,  the  hours  were  fully  occupied  in  chatting  with  the 
many  veterans  from  other  parts  of  the  country. 

A  little  before  nine  o'clock  on  Sunday  morning,  July  ist, 
the  regiment  arrived.  The  former  Major,  Clifford  A.  H. 
Bartlett,  wearing  the  shoulder  straps  of  his  new  rank  —  Brig 
adier-General  —  accompanying  it  as  the  representative  of  Gov 
ernor  David  B.  Hill.  The  ''Actives"  were  met  by  the  veter 
ans  at  the  station.  The  line  of  march  was  soon  taken  up  and 
the  camp  ground  near  the  Springs  Hotel  reached  about  ten. 
Unfortunately  the  camp  had  been  pitched  in  a  field  —  dry 
enough  when  selected  —  that  by  reason  of  a  two  days'  rain  had 
became  thoroughly  saturated.  Many  of  the  tents  were  not  fit 
for  occupancy  ;  but  the  boys  made  the  best  of  it  and  got  along 
with  very  little  grumbling. 

Orders  previously  issued  by  Colonel  Seward  had  specified 
the  routine  of  duty  at  the  camp,  and  before  the  line  was  dis 
missed  the  following  order  was  read  : 


HEADQUARTERS,  NINTH  REGIMENT,  NATIONAL  GUARD,  S.  N.  Y. 

CAMP  LEAVER, 

GETTYSBURG,  \\\.,Jnly  is/, 
ORDERS  ) 
No.  30.    j 

I.  In  honor  of  the  gallant  soldier  and  the  Executive  of  this  State,  this  camp  will  be 
known  as  "Camp  Beaver." 

II.  As  the  duties  devolving  upon  the  Command    may  necessitate  changes  in  the 


670  THE    NINTH    NEW    YORK. 


1888 


hours  of  service  as  published  in  Orders  No.  29,  t:  s.,  from  these  Headquarters,  such 
modification  will  be  duly  announced  each  day. 

III.  Commanding  Officers  of  Companies  must  impress  upon  their  respective  com 
mands  the  necessity  of  promptness   in  responding  to  all  the  calls  ordered,  and    they 
will  also  be  held  responsible  for  the  cleanliness  of  Company  quarters.     At  each  meal- 
call  it  is  hereby  made  their  duty  to  supervise  the  assembling  of  their  companies  and 
inarching  in  a  body  to  the  mess  tents. 

IV.  Each  member  must  bear  in  mind  he  represents  not  only  the  NINTH  regiment 
but  the  New  York  State  National  Guard  as  well,  and  will  therefore  on  all  occasions 
deport  himself  as  a  soldier  and  gentleman. 

V.  It  seems  only  fitting  that  in  this  the  first  order  issued  in  Camp,  to  acknowledge 
the  courtesy  of  the  officials  of  the  State  of  Pennsylvania,  to  whom,  through  the  kind 
offices  of  the  Executive  Committee  of  the  Society  of  the  Army  of  the  Potomac,  we 
are  indebted  for  camp  equipage. 

By  order  of  COLONEL  WILLIAM  SEWARD,  JR., 
YELLOTT  U.  DECHERT, 

First  Lieutenant  and  Adjutant. 
(Official.)  G.  HENRY  WITTHAUS, 

Captain,  at  Headquarters. 

It  may  seem  strange  that  the  State  of  New  York  did  not 
furnish  camp  equipage  to  the  NINTH,  but  it  appears  that  all  the 
tents  belonging  to  the  State  were  in  use  at  the  State  camp  at 
Peekskill.  New  Jersey  contributed  to  the  comfort  of  the  regi 
ment — and  especially  to  the  field  officers  and  guests  of  the 
NINTH — for  that  State  furnished  a  larfje  number  of  blankets, 

o 

without    which    many    would    have    suffered   during    the  cool 
nights. 

o 

The  first  public  event  in  the  afternoon  was  the  Reunion  of 
the  First  Corps  at  Reynolds'  Grove,  where  a  great  throng  had 
collected  an  hour  or  more  before  the  meeting  was  called  to 

o 

order. 

Promptly  at  3  P.  M.  Maj.  E.  P.  Halstead,  president  of  the 
First  Army  Corps  Association,  opened  the  exercises  and 
introduced  Bishop  Newman,  of  Washington,  who,  in  a  fervid 
invocation,  gave  thanks  for  the  bravery  and  heroism  displayed 
here  in  the  maintenance  of  constitutional  liberty.  Gov 
ernor  Beaver  was  enthusiastically  received,  especially  by  the 
veterans. 

Gen.  John  C.  Robinson,  the  orator  of  the  occasion, 
thanked  G:)v.  Beaver  for  his  cordial  welcome  extended  the 


i888  FIRST    CORPS    REUNION    AT    REYNOLDS'    GROV  671 

First  Army  Corps  veterans  and  complimented  the  Keystone 
State  for  her  constant  and  substantial  testimonials  of  appreci 
ation  of  the  soldiers.  He  considered  this  a  great  day  for  the 
First  Army  Corps  to  meet  after  a  quarter  of  a  century  on  the 
field  made  historic  by  their  valor  and  asserted,  with  emphasis, 
that  not  half  has  been  told  of  the  deeds  of  this  command,  in 
one  of  the  most  important  of  engagements,  during  the  entire 
battle.  Giving  full  credit  to  what  others  had  done  here,  he 

O 

thought  it  should  be  remembered  that  here  the  First  Corps 
held  in  check  for  six  hours  two-thirds  of  the  Confederate  Army. 
If  those  troops  had  gained  here,  the  battle  of  Gettysburg 
would  not  have  been  fought.  General  Reynolds  being  dead,  the 
speaker  thought,  was  one  reason  for  want  of  justice  in  giving 
the  corps,  as  he  would  have  done  his  troops,  full  measure  of 
praise.  In  speaking  of  the  corps  participating  during  the  rest 
of  the  battle,  he  said  that  no  other  corps  here  was  in  action 
all  three  days.  In  his  opinion  it  was  time  that  the  First  corps 
received  some  measure  of  credit  for  the  important  part  they 
took. 

The  address  was  rather  brief,  the  statements  clear  and 
devoid  of  all  verbiage. 

George  Frederick  Smith,  the  war  Governor  of  New  Hamp 
shire,  on  being  introduced,  counted  it  one  of  the  most  import 
ant  events  of  his  life  to  be  present  to-clay,  and  after  brief 
remarks  closed  with  the  expression  that  he  should  never  cease 
to  hold  in  the  highest  regard  the  men  who  had  saved  this 
great  country. 

Pennsylvania's  war  Governor,  Andrew  G.  Curtin,  was 
loudly  called  for,  but  he  did  not  respond. 

Gov.  E.  J.  Ormsbee,  the  present  Governor  of  Vermont, 
said  he  did  not  come  here  as  a  war  Governor,  but  as  one  who 
had  taken  part  in  the  battle,  having  held  a  command  in  Stan, 
nard's  brigade  of  Vermont  troops. 

Gen.  L.  A.  Grant,  in  this  battle  Colonel  of  the  Fifth 
Vermont  regiment,  of  the  Sixth  Corps,  considered  Pickett's 
chaVge  the  grandest  ever  made  in  the  world. 


6/2  THE    NINTH    NEW    YORK.  1888 

Judge  W.  G.  Veazey,  late  Colonel  of  the  Sixteenth  Vermont 
Regiment,  Stannard's  brigade,  paid  the  First  Corps  the  compli 
ment  by  saying  that  not  only  the  glory  of  opening  the  battle 
belonged  to  them,  but  also  the  closing,  as  his  brigade,  which 

<->  O7  O 

fired  the  last  shots,  was  temporarily  attached  to  the  First 
Corps. 

The  Confederate  General,  James  Longstreet,  was  next 
introduced  and  was  received  with  hearty  cheers.  He  said  he 

was  not  on  the  field  in  time  to  witness  the  encra^ement  between 

t>  o 

the  First  Corps  and  the  troops  of  the  South  ;  he  was  glad  to 
be  present  and  participate  in  these  exercises,  for  he  saw  in  them 
the  development  of  a  sympathy  such  as  was  borne  in  the  hearts 
of  all  who  know  how  to  appreciate  that  feeling,  and  thought 
none  knew  better  how  to  manifest  these  feelings  than  the 

O 

troops  of  the  First  Corps.  After  speaking  to  the  advantages 
of  the  Federal  position,  he  said  that  here  the  Southern  army 
met  its  fate,  but  not  for  want  of  valor,  fortitude  or  faith.  In 
paying  tribute  to  that  valor,  he  said  : 

"  Pickett's  charge  has  not  a  parallel  in  the  annals  of 
war,"  and  touchingly  alluding  to  the  dead,  said  : 

"  Such  is  the  sacrifice  sometimes  demanded  by  the  usages  of 
war."  Glancing  toward  Round  Top  he  added  :  "Yon  crown 
ing  heights  are  now  far  more  pleasant  for  fraternal  meetings." 
In  closing  he  said  :  "  The  ladies  are  present,  God  bless  them, 
and  may  they  dispel  all  illusion  that  may  come  between  the 
people." 

The  band  played  "  Dixie  "  before  Longstreet's  speech  and 
"  Yankee  Doodle,"  after  which  General  Fairchild  was  intro 
duced  and  started  out  with  the  sentence  :  Twenty-five  years 
have  made  it  possible  to  sandwich  a  Confederate  and  a  Yankee 
between  'Dixie'  and  'Yankee  Doodle.'  He  did  not  know  a 
better  object  lesson  for  the  young  than  these  fraternal  gatherings 
of  two  once  hostile  armies.  He  agreed  with  Governor  Beaver's 
opening  remarks,  concerning  the  use  of  Sabbath  for  this 
purpose,  and  there  was  no  day  too  holy  to  visit  the  scenes  and 
hold  memorial  services  over  the  dead.  In  times  of  war  it  was 


1888  EXTRACTS    FROM    THE    ADDRESSES.  673 

not  too  holy  to  fight  on  Sunday,  and  with  proper  motives  in 
their  hearts  this  was  not  wrong  to  pay  well-merited  tributes  to 
the  dead. 

General  Lucius  Fairchild  of  Wisconsin,  Prof.  Williams  of 
Providence,  R.  I.,  Captain  J.  H.  Stine,  historian  of  the  First 
Corps,  and  several  others  spoke  briefly,  and  the  exercises  closed 
about  five  o'clock. 


674  THE    NINTH    NEW    YORK.  1888 


CHAPTER  XXXIV. 

DEDICATION  OF  MONUMENT  AT  GETTYSBURG. 

1888  (CONTINUED.) 

Procession  to  the  Monument. — Some  Distinguished  Veterans  Present. — Chain-nan 
William  Scott  Addresses  the  Audience. — Monument  Unveiled. — Transferred  to 
the  Gettysburg  Memorial  Association  by  General  Sickles. —  The  Poem. — Oration 
of  Hon.  Orlando  B.  Potter. — Music  by  the  Band. — Greetings  of  Veterans  on,  the 
Field. — The  Veteran  Association  Leave  for  Home. 

AT  four  o'clock  in  the  afternoon  the  regiment  assembled  and 
marched  into  town,  where  the  procession  was  formed  for 
the  march  to  the  monument.  The  Orator,  Poet,  Chairman 
NINTH  Regiment  Gettysburg  Monument  Committee,  New 
York  Board  of  Commissioners,  Officers  of  Gettysburg  Memorial 
Association,  Officers  of  Society  of  Army  of  the  Potomac, 
Officers  of  Society  of  First  Army  Corps  and  Disabled  Veterans, 
were  in  carriages.  The  members  of  the  Veteran  Association, 
together  with  comrades  from  John  A.  Dix  Post  No.  135,  and 
Alexander  Hamilton  Post  No.  182,  G.  A.  R.,  and  Veterans  of 
the  6ist,  97th,  and  iigth  New  York  regiments,  formed  the  left 
of  the  line,  the  regiment  on  the  right.  Upon  reaching  the 
monument  the  Veterans  were  drawn  up  facing  the  east  front, 
the  Regiment  forming  a  double  line  behind  them.  A  stand 
had  been  erected  to  the  left  of  the  shaft,  and  upon  it  were 
grouped  many  distinguished  Veterans  and  a  number  of  ladies. 
Among  the  former  were  Generals  Daniel  E.  Sickles,  Henry  \V. 
Slocum,  Joseph  B.  Carr  and  Charles  K.  Graham  and  Major 
Charles  A.  Richardson  of  the  State  Commission  (having  in 
charge  the  erection  of  the  New  York  monuments),  and  Major 
George  W.  Cooney  ;  General  N.  Martin  Curtis,  Commander 
of  the  Department  of  New  York,  Grand  Army  of  the  Re 
public  ;  General  John  Hendrickson,  Chairman  of  the  Mon 
ument  Committee  and  ex-Colonel  of  the  NINTH  ;  John  M. 


1888  DEDICATION    OF    THE    MONUMENT.  6/5 

Vanderslice,  he  Gettysburg-  Memorial  Association  ;  Colonel 
Frank  J.  Magee,  Commander  of  the  Department  of  Pennsyl 
vania,  Grand  Army  of  the  Republic ;  Captain  George  S. 
Anderson,  of  the  Sixth  Regular  Cavalry  ;  Hon.  Orlando  B. 
Potter,  the  Orator  of  the  day  ;  Rowland  B.  Mahany,  Esq.,  the 
Poet,  and  Mr.  William  Scott,  Commander  of  the  Veteran 
Corps,  under  whose  auspices  the  ceremony  was  conducted. 
Sig.  Luciano  Conterno's  fine  band,  which  had  accompanied  the 
NINTH,  played  a  march,  "  NINTH  Regiment,"  composed  by  the 
leader,  when  the  Rev.  Alfred  C.  Roe,  ex-Chaplain  of  the  regi 
ment,  and  Chaplain  of  the  Veteran  Association,  invoked  the 
Divine  blessing  : 

PRAYER. 

O  Lord,  as  we  come  this  day  before  Thee,  who  art  so  high  and  lifted  up,  we  praise 
Thee.  Thou  dost  speak,  and  it  is  done — dost  command,  and  it  stands  fast.  We 
praise  Thee  for  Thy  greatness,  and  this  is  guided  by  Thy  wisdom.  Nothing  is  too 
vast  for  Thee,  nothing  beneath  Thy  notice.  Thou  dost  see  ihe  end  from  the  very 
beginning  and  dost  march  straight  on  to  Thy  designs. 

But  both  alike,  greatness  and  wisdom,  wait  upon  Thy  goodness.  Wherefore  we 
are  not  afraid  of  Thee,  but  call  Thee  Father.  For  Thou  dost  bring  light  out  of  dark 
ness  and  good  from  evil ;  and  art  able  to  make  despair  the  door  of  hope,  and  our 
utmost  danger  but  the  contrast  to  the  deliverance.  Thou  dost  vouchsafe,  even  as  our 
eyes  behold  this  day. 

We  thank  Thee  for  this  bright  afternoon  with  its  fair  sights  and  sounds,  its  quiet 
peace  and  rest.  We  thank  Thee  for  the  contrast  between  the  present  and  the  day  we 
celebrate — then,  the  sounds  of  strife  and  deadly  struggle  of  those  who  had  been 
brethren  :  now,  the  clasped  hands  of  friendship  and  sweet  Sabbath  bells. 

We  thank  Thee  for  the  numbers  present — of  the  Veterans  who  fought  over  these 
hills.  Thou  didst  shield  us  in  battle,  hast  brought  us  through  these  many  years,  and 
we  stand  before  Thee  this  day,  monuments  of  Thy  protecting  care.  We  humbly 
thank  Thee  that  we  had  part  in  the  conflict,  when  our  country  rose  to  a  larger  life  and 
a  truer  freedom  ;  and  that  we  can  leave  the  proud  memory  thereof  to  our  children. 

We  thank  Thee  for  the  full  ranks  in  the  grand  old  regiment  of  those  who  are 
stepping  into  their  fathers'  places  with  their  young  hopes  and  strong  hearts  and  arms. 
We  thank  Thee  for  the  friends  present,  many  of  whom  sent  sons  and  husbands  to  the 
.strife,  or,  toiling  at  home,  supplied  the  resources  of  the  field ;  and  many  have  grown 
up  since  to  enter  into  blessings  purchased  on  this  spot. 

We  thank  Thee  for  a  united  land — that  there  are  no  jarring  States,  nor  any  line 
drawn  across  our  fair  domain  bristling  with  arms  and  guarded  with  hostile  care. 
Slavery,  too,  the  crime  of  our  land,  has  been  swept  away.  This,  the  cause  of  our 
woe,  has  been  cheaply  removed,  though  at  the  cost  of  treasure,  and  blood,  and  misery 
untold.  We  humble  ourselves  before  Thee,  and  acknowledge  our  sin  and  the  justice 
of  Thy  punishments. 

But  in  anger  thou  didst  remember  mercy.     We  have  learned,  both  North  and  South, 


676  THE    NINTH    NEW    YORK.  1888 

mutual  respect  as  for  tnose  of  the  same  blood,  with  the  same  memories,  and  the  same 
stout  hearts.  We  thank  Thee  for  the  dying  out  of  hatred — that  not  the  bitterness  of 
the  strife,  but  its  heroism  and  sacrifices  on  either  side  are  remembered,  and  that  \ve 
have  learned  how  men  can  be  mistaken,  and  yet  noble  and  true. 

Above  all  we  thank  Thee  for  the  presence  and  fraternization  of  so  many  former 
foes,  and  accept  it  as  a  pledge  of  the  present  and  an  omen  for  the  future.  We  thank 
Thee  for  the  dear  old  flag  and  all  that  it  means,  and  for  the  higher,  holier  love  of 
country  we  all  feel,  alike  the  Blue  and  the  Gray. 

And  now,  Our  Father,  we  meet  to  dedicate  this  monument  to  the  memory  of  those 
who  suffered  and  died.  May  its  lesson  sink  deeply  into  our  hearts,  both  as  a  Nation 
and  with  all  now  in  Thy  presence — the  lesson  that  country  and  duty  as  we  see  it,  is 
more  precious  than  life  itself.  May  it  still  live  when  this  granite  shaft  we  erect  shall 
have  crumbled  and  been  forgotten.  So  only  shall  it  be  possible  for  Thee  to  give  and 
for  us  to  receive  the  blessings  we  desire. 

We  pray  for  the  welfare  and  prosperity  of  the  land,  that  it  be  preserved  from  fac 
tion  and  strife,  that  there  be  one  rule  for  the  rich  and  the  poor,  and  that  our  example 
of  liberty  and  law  through  the  government  of  the  people,  be  an  influence  for  good 
among  the  nations  of  the  world. 

To  that  end  we  pray  that  all  in  high  places,  and  that  those  under  them  in  authority, 
may  rule  in  Thy  fear.  We  pray  for  good  rulers  ;  and  as  the  people  are  with  us  the 
real  source  of  power,  we  pray  that  they  have  eyes  to  see  and  courage  to  do  the  right. 

We  pray  for  our  children  here  present,  and  for  the  generations  to  come,  that  they 
be  spared  our  test.  Yet,  Lord,  we  do  not  ask  that  they  be  without  trial ;  for  without 
the  strife  there  is  no  victory.  We  seek  rather  that  they  be  ready  for  their  country's 
call,  and  evermore  be  good  soldiers  of  the  right  and  God. 

We  pray  for  those  who  meet  again  after  a  quarter  of  a  century.  If  consistent  with 
Thy  will,  spare  useful,  honored  lives — yes,  those  who  come  here  but  fragments  and 
portions,  as  it  were,  of  their  former  selves.  Grant  at  least,  that  their  future  years  be 
in  all  respects  in  harmony  with  and  worthy  of  their  services  in  arms.  May  they  be 
ready  for  every  summons  of  duty,  faithful  to  the  end.  And  when  the  last  trumpet 
shall  sound  the  roll-call  of  God's  heroes  of  the  right,  may  they  answer  joyfully  to  their 
names,  and  rdteive  the  approbation  and  promotion  of  the  Lord.  Amen. 

General  Hendrickson,  chairman  of  the  monument  committee, 
then  signalled  for  the  unveiling  of  the  shaft,  and  as  the  flag  was 
being  removed  the  band  played  "  The  Star  Spangled  Banner." 
General  Hendrickson  then,  in  brief  but  eloquent  terms,  pre 
sented  the  monument  to  the  Veteran  Association  and  Mr.  Scott, 
the  president,  accepted  it,  supplementing  his  formal  acceptance 
by  a  brief  address,  in  which  he  detailed  the  ways  and  means 
whereby  the  monument  had  been  erected.  He  said  in  sub 
stance,  that  in  the  summer  of  1886  the  Veteran  Association 
made  a  pilgrimage  to  the  battle-fields  of  Antietam,  South  Moun 
tain  and  Gettysburg,  and  while  at  the  latter  place,  and  noticing 
the  monuments  there  erected,  it  occurred  to  some  that  the 


i888  THE    CEREMONIES.  677 

NINTH  should  also  be  remembered.  A  meeting  was  held  that 
evening  at  the  hotel  in  the  village,  and  preliminary  steps 
taken  to  secure  the  desired  result.  Upon  reaching  home  the 
matter  was  thoroughly  canvassed,  a  committee  appointed,  and 
General  Henclrickson  made  chairman.  After  two  years  of 
hard  work,  and  by  the  assistance  of  many  generous  friends, 
supplemented  by  an  appropriation  of  $,1500  from  the  State 
of  New  York,  "  the  result  is  before  us." 

Turning  to  General  Sickles,  chairman  of  the  New  York 
commission,  Mr.  Scott  formally  presented  the  monument  to 
the  commission.  The  General  in  a  few  well  chosen  words,  in 
which  he  paid  a  high  tribute  to  the  valor  of  the  soldiers  from 
the  Empire  State  who  fought  in  the  battle,  and  especially  to 
the  men  of  the  NINTH  who  died  upon  that  and  other  fields, 
accepted  the  monument  ;  then,  turning  to  Comrade  John  M. 
Vanderslice,  representing  the  Gettysburg  Memorial  Association, 
which  has  in  charge  all  the  monuments  on  the  field,  the  General 
made  the  formal  transfer  to  the  association.  Comrade  Van 
derslice,  in  accepting  the  charge  on  behalf  of  the  association, 
promised  that  the  monument  should  have  perpetual  care  and  be 
preserved  sacred  to  the  memory  of  the  brave  men  whose  deeds 
it  records. 

Upon  the  conclusion  of  Comrade  Vanderslice's  remarks  the 
band  rendered  "Nearer  My  God  to  Thee,"  and  then  the  Poet, 
Mr.  Rowland  B.  Mahany,  of  Buffalo,  N.  Y.,  was  introduced, 
and  read  the  following  verses  : 

DEDICATION  POEM. 

BY   ROWLAND    B.    MAHANY,    OF   BUFFALO,  N.  Y. 

What  shall  we  say  to  crown  the  honored  dead, 
What  voice  of  ours  shall  magnify  their  fame, 

Who  on  this  field  for  Truth  and  Country  bled. 
In  storm  of  shot,  in  hell  of  battle's  flame  ? 

Weak  were  our  words  to  sound  the  note  of  woe, 

And  vain  the  woven  laurel  of  our  praise, 
If  that  high  faith  by  which  their  memories  grow, 

Exalted  not  the  spirit  of  our  days! 


678  THE    NINTH    NEW    YORK. 

We  sit  at  ease  !     Across  our  prosperous  years, 
No  bugle  peal  of  War's  alarum  sounds ; 

No  host  of  armed  battalions  now  appears, 
To  desolate  what  smiling  Commerce  founds. 

Blest  is  our  land  !     Tt  teems  with  all  increase, 

Its  glory  is  the  glory  of  mankind  ; 
And  all  that  Nationhood  can  give  in  peace, 

The  slaves  of  older  systems  here  may  find. 

Yet  with  inglorious  triumphs  in  the  mart, 

Men  lose  the  grateful  thought  of  freedom  won, 

Nor  estimate  aright  the  dauntless  part 
By  heroes  borne,  in  deeds  of  valor  done. 

In  wealth's  mad  race,  men's  finer  sense  is  dulled, 
They  give  not  meed  of  honor  as  they  might, 

Nay,  even  scorn,  through  conscience  lost  or  lulled, 
The  Soldiers  of  this  War  for  Human  Right. 

We  greet,  to-day,  the  great,  majestic  Past, 

Wherein  those  heroes  wrought  their  work  sublime 

Wrhose  glory  never  can  be  overcast, 

While  Progress  treads  the  broad  highway  of  Time. 

Here  on  this  storied  ground  whose  holy  sod 
Is  fertile  with  the  blood  they  nobly  shed, 

We  gather  now  to  consecrate  to  God, 

The  fame  of  His,  and  our,  immortal  dead. 

On  Gettysburg  the  fate  of  ages  hung, 

The  unborn  millions  in  the  future's  womb 

Rejoiced,  when  our  exultant  anthem  rung 

And  Freedom's  light  broke  over  Slavery's  tomb. 

No,  never  struggle  was  akin  to  this  ! 

The  old-time  battles  meant  dynastic  gains  ; 
This  ranks  both  Marathon  and  Salamis, 

For  Humankind  was  freed  upon  these  plains. 

Here  on  this  spot  where  countless  heroes  fell, 
We  rear  this  fair  memorial  to  their  worth, 

That  to  all  generations  it  may  tell 

That  Freedom  everlasting  here  had  birth  ! 

Oh,  hallowed  shaft !  that  speaks  the  garnered  grief 
Of  those  whose  tears  forever  silent  fall 

For  their  lost  loved  ones,  whose  existence  brief 
A  dream  of  glory  seemed   and  that  was  all ! 


1883 


i888  DEDICATION    POEM.  679 

They  went  in  strength   to  nevermore  return  ; 

Their  dust  was  mingled  with  the  myriad  years  ; 
But  while  high  deeds  make  bosoms  beat  and  burn, 

Their  names  will  grace  the  temple  Fame  uprears. 

Through  all  the  changing  future's  vast  unknown. 

Their  valor  points  the  length  of  Freedom's  day; 
We,  for  the  love  we  bear  them,  raise  this  stone, 

To  mark  the  mightiest  triumph  on  the  way. 

While  now  we  glorify  that  matchless  host, 
Whose  faith  and  courage  spurned  all  doubts  and  fears, 

Forgive  us  if  we  turn  to  honor  most, 

Our  own  brave  NINTH,  our  peerless  Volunteers  ! 

We  need  not  praise  them  in  sonorous  rhyme, 

Who  wrote  their  epic  in  red  lines  of  steel ; 
Words  echo  faintly  down  the  aisles  of  time  ; 

Deeds  merit  deeds  to  make  their  meaning  real. 

When  Lincoln  blew  his  Northern  bugle  blast, 

The  eager  NINTH  enlisted  "  for  the  war  "  ; 
And  though  death  mowed  their  comrades  thick  and  fast, 

They  bore  the  flag  before  Columbia's  car. 

At  Gettysburg — here  on  this  very  spot — 

They  checked  o'erwhelming  numbers — undismayed  ! 

Ay,  North  Carolina  felt  their  courage  hot, 
When  down  they  swept  on  Iverson's  Brigade. 

But  why  recount  the  ceaseless  roll  of  fame? 

Their  glory  is  as  deathless  as  the  stars  ! 
Of  those  that  fought,  we  see  each  shining  name, 

Where  neither  praise  or  censure  makes  or  mars. 

Here  where  their  hearts  were  wrung,  we  consecrate 
Ourselves  to  that  great  truth  for  which  they  died — 

Their  legatees  of  freedom  in  a  State 
\Vhere  evermore  the  Union  shall  abide. 

And,  as  our  love's  best  love  the  Nation  claims, 

Let  us  forget  the  fury  of  past  strife ; 
And  North  and  South  with  re-united  aims. 

Move  forward  in  the  future's  grander  life. 

Yea,  that  the  South  fought  well,  let  us  rejoice; 

They  were  our  brothers,  chivalrous  and  brave  ; 
And  though  they  lost  the  battle,  let  our  voice 

Place  Valor's  wreath  above  each  hero's  grave. 


68O  THE    NINTH    NEW    YORK.  1888 

We  are  too  great  to  cherish  olden  wrongs ; 

The  din  of  conflict  dies  within  our  ears, 
As  swelling  on  the  breeze  the  festal  songs 

Of  Peace  and  Friendship  greet  the  coining  years. 

O  North  and  South,  O  Nation  one  and  free! 

We  lay  our  whole  existence  at  thy  feet, — 
For  here  the  hallowed  dead  who  died  for  thee, 

Have  glorified  and  made  thy  fate  complete. 

The  reading  of  the  poem  was  listened  to  with  rapt  atten 
tion  and  frequently  elicited  outbursts  of  applause. 

Hon.  Orlando  B.  Potter,  of  New  York,  was  then  introduced 
as  the  orator  of  the  occasion.  Mr.  Potter  said  : 

Veterans  and  Members  of  the  NINTH  Regiment  of  New  York  Militia,  and  of  the 
Eighty-third  New  York  Volunteers  : 

After  what  has  now  been  done  on  this  spot,  surrounded  by  this  scene,  there  is  little 
need  of  speech  by  me.  The  spot  upon  which  we  are  gathered,  the  scene  which  sur 
rounds  us,  and  the  memories  which  they  awaken  and  recall,  are  more  eloquent  and 
more  stirring  than  any  words  I  might  utter.  You  are  on  the  spot  where,  twenty-five 
years  ago  this  day,  you  met  and  turned  back  with  others  who  participated  with  you  in 
the  struggle,  perhaps  the  most  determined  and  best  organized  assault  ever  made  upon 
the  flag  and  armies  of  your  country.  With  the  close  of  the  work  which  this  day  com 
memorates,  you  and  those  who  fought  upon  this  field  with  you  had  established  the 
fact  that  no  power  upon  this  continent,  however  concentrated,  impassioned  and  well 
directed,  could  carry  a  war  of  invasion  to  the  heart  of  the  loyal  States  of  this  Union. 
The  work  accomplished  upon  this  field  must  ever  remain  a  prominent  and  important, 
if  not  a  decisive,  part  of  your  country's  history.  Here  sleep  the  dead  who  mingled 
their  efforts  and  their  blood  with  yours  in  the  struggle  for  the  preservation  of  your 
country's  liberties ;  and  these  hill-sides  and  plains,  the  whole  landscape  upon  which 
you  look  again  afresh,  are  but  the  "  solemn  decorations"  of  the  tombs  of  those  who 
fell  upon  this  field.  How  impotent  is  speech  or  attempt  at  description  to  those  who 
here  took  part  as  actors  in  the  struggle  you  now  commemorate!  I  shall  attempt  no 
such  description.  The  record  of  that  struggle  is  made  up  ;  and  these  fields  and 
plains  and  heights,  which  bore  witness  to  its  sacrifices,  sufferings,  efforts,  and  victory, 
have  kept  and  will  faithfully  keep  this  record  in  the  tombs  of  the  heroic  dead  until  they 
shall  be  given  up  at  the  last  trump. 

Nor  is  it  important  to  this  occasion  that  1  attempt  to  enter  at  all  into  details  of 
the  sufferings  and  sacrifices  of  the  regiment,  of  which  you  are  the  honored  remnant, 
upon  other  fields  than  this.  These  survive  in  your  own  memories.  They,  too,  are  a 
part  of  the  history  of  your  country.  You  will  live  them  over  again  and  again  while 
memory  remains  to  you,  and  when  you  have  passed  away  they  will  remain  in  that 
history,  as  the  richest  legacy  to  your  chijdren  and  children's  children,  as  your  con 
tribution  by  example,  to  stimulate  and  encourage  the  patriotism  of  those  who  may  be 
hereafter  called  to  serve  their  country  on  the  field. 

It  is  sufficient  to  say  here  that  this  regiment  volunteered  its  services  to  the  country 


ADDRESS    OF     IlO.X.     ORLANDO     I!.     I'OTTF.R.  68 1 

early  in  the  Rebellion  (April  19th,  1861 ),  and  volunteered  for  the  ?iw.  Its  members 
were  sworn  in  and  became  part  of  the  organized  army  June  8th,  1861.  Between  that 
date  and  the  discharge  of  all  that  remained  of  them,  June  23d,  1864,  the  regiment  par 
ticipated  in  eighteen  battles,  commencing  with  that  at  Harper's  Ferry,  July  4th,  1861, 
and  ending  with  the  battle  of  Cold  Harbor,  June  2(1,  1864. 

The  regiment  suffered  loss  in  killed  and  wounded  in  fourteen  of  these  battles ;  and 
lost  in  killed,  wounded,  ;;nd  those  who  died  of  wounds,  during  its  service,  six  hundred 
and  eighty-four  in  all.  Upon  this  field  the  regiment,  which  had  been  before  largely 
reduced  by  its  heavy  losses,  lost  in  killed  seven,  and  in  wounded  eighteen.  When  the 
remnant  of  the  regiment  was  discharged,  the  army  of  the  Rebellion, had  ceased  to  be 
an  army  of  invasion,  and  the  beginning  of  the  end  of  the  Rebellion  was  at  hand. 

Such  service  as  volunteers  for  your  country  in  any  cause  needing  your  arms  or 
your  lives,  would  more  than  entitle  you  to  the  commemoration  of  to-day  and  to  this 
monument,  to  transmit  to  posterity  the  remembrance  of  your  patriotism  and  devotion 
to  country.  But  your  service  was  rendered  in  no  ordinary  war.  War  against  foreign 
nations  is  easy  as  compared  with  \var  in  which  all  is  put  at  hazard  for  the  cause  of 
country,  in.  a  contest  against  one's  own  countrymen.  The  service  for  which  you 
volunteered,  was  a  service  against  American  citizens,  your  own  countrymen,  and  was 
the  most  arduous  and  trying  for  which  freemen  can  draw  the  sword.  But  it  was  a 
service  necessary  to  save  American- liberty  for  yourselves  and  your  children.  Other 
forms  of  liberty  had  been  known  and  enjoyed  in  other  countries  and  by  other  people,  but 
American  liberty  was  the  child  of  the  American  Constitution  and  the  Union  of  these 
States,  and  had  not  before  been  known  or  enjoyed  by  man.  It  made  the  citizen  a 
coequal  sovereign  with  every  other  citizen  both  of  the  community  and  State  in  which 
he  lives,  and  also  of  the  Nation  formed  by  the  Union  of  all  the  States,  and  endowed 
with  such'^ncl  only  such  powers  as  was  necessary  to  secure  to  the  citizen  the  sacred 
right  of  self-government  at  home,  and  protection  and  security  as  a  citizen  of  the 
Nation  against  and  throughout  the  outside  world.  The  American  citizen,  therefore, 
at  the  same  time  a  sovereign  and  coequel  member  with  every  other  citizen  both  of  the 
State  in  which  he  lives,  and  of  the  Nation,  rightfully  regards  and  cherishes  every  foot 
of  the  National  domain,  in  whatever  State  or  Territory,  as  part  of  his  own  country, 
while  the  State  in  which  he  lives  is  the  immediate  spot  and  territory  whose  govern 
ment  and  laws,  in  all  matters  not  delegated  to  the  Nation,  he  with  other  citizens 
thereof  ordains  and  controls.  While  he  relies  for  protection  and  enjoyment  of  his 
fireside  rights,  primarily  upon  the  State  government  by  which  he  is  immediately  sur 
rounded,  lie  finds  those  rights  also  doubly  secured  in  the  American  Constitution;  and, 
more  important  to  the  permanence  of  his  liberties,  the  American  citizen  finds  only  in 
the  Constitution  and  the  Union  of  the  States  under  it,  the  sufficient  guarantee  of  the 
ability  of  the  State  to  maintain  and  make  good  the  security  and  permanency  of  these 
domestic  rights  and  liberties — the  only  adequate  guarantee  for  the  maintenance  of 
republican  government  by  the  State  itself.  But  more  and  greater  still  the  possessor 
of  this  double  liberty  of  State  and  Nation  finds,  and  shall  forever  find  in  the  American 
Constitution  alone,  freedom  with  the  rights  of  a  citizen  throughout  every  part  of  the 
National  domain,  freedom  of  the  seas,  freedom  from  disturbance  by  war,  except  such 
as  shall  be  waged  by  the  consent  of  the  whole  country  and  for  the  welfare  and  security 
of  the  Nation,  and  freedom  and  all-sufficient  protection  of  his  liberties  and  rights  as 
an  American  citizen  under  the  flag  of  his  country  throughout  the  world.  If  the  title 
of  Roman  citizen  was  valuable  to  //////  at  home  and  abroad,  what  is  the  value  of 
American  citizenship, — what  will  it  be  when,  within  the  lifetime  of  those  now  living, 


682  THE    NINTH    NEW    YORK.  1888 

our  sixty  millions  of  to-day  shall  become  two  hundred  millions,  dwelling  together  as 
brothers  in  peace  and  love,  holding  the  advance  of  human  progress  under  the  flag 
which  on  this  spot  you  so  gloriously  and  triumphantly  defended  in  support  of  consti 
tutional  liberty  and  self-government  ? 

But  it  was  said  in  behalf  of  those  who  contended  against  our  flag  and  nationality 
in  the  late  war,  that  they  contended  for  self-government.  This  was  doubtless  believed 
by  the  body  of  the  army  who  waged  that  contest  against  that  dear  old  flag,  in  whose 
stars  and  stripes  are  recorded  the  great  achievements  of  the  past  and  shall  be  recorded 
the  achievements  of  the  future — a  record  and  inheritance  of  glory  for  them  and  for  us 
forever.  Never  did  greater  delusion  possess  the  human  mind.  There  is  and  can 
never  be  bat  one  adequate  security  for  self-government  upon  this  continent,  and  that 
is  the  American  Constitution.  That  Constitution  was  rescued  from  destruction  and 
burial,  in  the  abyss  of  secession,  by  the  valor  of  the  Union  arms  on  the  battle-fields  of 
the  war  we  in  part  review  to-day.  Higher  service  for  country  and  mankind  has  never 
been  and  can  never  be  rendered  than  was  rendered  in  that  rescue. 

It  has  been  said  that  the  battles  and  victories  of  the  late  war  ought  not  to  be  cele 
brated,  because  they  were  battles  against  and  victories  over  our  own  countrymen.  I 
cannot  agree  with  this  sentiment.  They  were  battles  for  the  supremacy  and  preser 
vation  of  our  Constitution  and  Government.  They  were  the  last  argument,  rendered 
necessary  by  the  appeal  from  reason  to  force  in  the  assault  upon  Fort  Sumter,  for  the 
overthrow  and  annihilation  of  the  fatal  heresy  of  secession,  which  had  its  origin 
more  than  thirty  years  before  in  the  false  teachings  of  statesmen  who  failed  to  regard 
their  own  States  as  a  necessary  part  of  the  National  Union,  and  refused  to  accept  and 
acknowledge  the  National  Government  as  necessary  or  important  to  their  own  per 
manent  liberty,  progress  and  prosperity.  This  heresy,  if  acquiesced  in,  made  our 
Union,  after  all  it  had  cost  of  blood,  treasure,  and  sacrifice,  but  a  rope  of  sand,  which 
might  at  any  time  be  broken  and  destroyed  at  the  will  of  a  minority  of  the  States 
forming  it,  or  at  the  will  of  a  single  State.  The  appeal  to  force  in  support  of  this 
heresy  left  the  Nation  no  alternative  but  to  maintain  by  force  the  Government  and 
Constitution  created  by  our  fathers  and  theirs.  All  that  was  won  upon  the  battle 
fields  of  the  Revolution,  and  all  thereafter  achieved  through  the  dreary  experiences 
of  the  Confederacy,  and  all  that  was  of  value  in  our  constitutional  Government,  under 
which  the  States  and  Nation  had  prospered  and  grown  strong  as  few  people  have  ever 
prospered,  from  the  formation  of  the  Constitution  to  this  suicidal  assault  in  1861 
upon  the  Government,  was  at  stake  upon  the  issue  tried  and  decided  upon  the  battle 
fields  of  the  war  against  Rebellion.  If  this  Rebellion  had  succeeded,  the  Govern 
ment  established  by  our  fathers  would  have  been  overthrown,  and  all  the  treasures 
and  hopes  for  our  own  country  and  mankind  with  which  that  Government  was 
freighted  would  have  been  lost.  Fortunately  for  the  Union,  not  less  than  its  assail 
ants,  the  Constitution  and  Union  were  preserved  and  the  heresy  of  secession  was  an 
nihilated  and  buried,  and  I  trust  abandoned  forever,  in  the  surrender  at  Appomattox. 
The  triumph  of  the  Union  arms  upon  this  field  and  other  fields  of  that  war,  were  not 
triumphs  over  or  against  the  rights  of  the  South.  They  were  triumphs  as  much  for 
the  South  as  lor  the  North — triumphs  of  the  Constitution  and  the  Union  only, 
through  which  and  under  which  all  parts  of  the  country,  North  or  South,  had  achieved - 
all  that  was  valuable  in  their  history,  and  in  obedience  and  support  of  which  they 
could  only  hope  to  achieve  anything  valuable  to  human  liberty  in  the  future  for  them 
selves  or  for  mankind.  No  right  of  self-government  was  conquered  from  that  section 
of  the  country  which  had  unfortunately  placed  itself  in  arms  against  our  Nation  and 


i888  AT    GETTYSBURG.  683 

flag,  unless  suicide  by  secession  be  counted  such  ;i  right.  On  the  contrary,  all  that 
was  achieved  upon  this  and  other  fields  of  this  war,  was  achieved  equally  for  the 
South  as  for  the  North,  and  the  blessings  already  flowing  and  forever  hereafter  to 
flow  from  a  preserved  Union  and  Constitution  shall  flow  equally  for  all  States  and 
sections  of  the  Union,  whatever  their  part  in  the  work  of  such  preservation.  With 
the  surrender  at  Appomattox  the  Constitution  was  restored  and  acknowledged 
throughout  every  foot  of  our  National  territory,  and,  if  there  are  any  events  in  our 
history  which  as  patriots  we  are  called  upon  to  celebrate,  surely  we  should  celebrate 
the  preservation  of  our  Constitution  not  less  than  its  creation,  and  the  victories  and 
battles  by  which  it  was  preserved,  not  less  than  the  victories  and  battles  of  the  Revo 
lution  by  which  it  was  made  possible.  The  men  who  fell  on  this  and  other  fields  of 
the  late  war  in  support  of  our  Government  and  flag  are  entitled  to  no  less  grateful 
commemoration  than  those  who  fell  at  Bunker  Hill,  Saratoga  and  Yorktown  ;  and 
until  love  of  country  and  gratitude  fail  among  men  we  cannot  cease  to  commemorate 
the  heroes  and  celebrate  the  battles  by  which  our  Constitution  and  Union  were  pre 
served.  From  such  commemoration  and  celebration  patriots  of  this  country  will  never 
cease  till  these  graves  shall  give  up  their  dead.  Nor  will  such  celebrations  be  partici 
pated  in  by  the  people  of  one  section  of  our  country  alone.  The  day  is  not  distant 
when  universal  gratitude,  North  and  South,  to  those  who  upon  these  fields  preserved 
our  Constitution  and  perpetuated  our  Union,  shall  prevail  everywhere  throughout  the 
country ;  and,  if  any  men  of  this  generation  shall  refuse  to  participate  in  or  sym 
pathize  with  such  celebrations,  their  children  and  children's  children,  as  they  partici 
pate  in  the  glorious  progress  and  greatness  of  the  Republic,  and  rejoice  under  it  in  the 
highest  liberty  of  which  civilized  man  is  capable,  will  hereafter,  as  they  visit  this 
Thermopylae  of  their  country's  history,  drop  tears  of  gratitude  for  the  preservation 
of  the  Union,  here  achieved. 

Veterans  of  the  NINTH  regiment:  If  those  are  to  be  accounted  fortunate  who 
through  service  to  their  country  have  been  able  to  entitle  themselves  to  the  gratitude 
of  their  countrymen,  you  and  those  who  fought  with  you  for  the  preservation  of  the 
Union  and  who  have  survived  to  see  this  day  are  most  fortunate.  It  is  not  likely  that 
in  this  generation  another  equal  opportunity  will  be  afforded  for  service  to  the 
country  on  the  field.  A  country  reunited,  prosperous,  happy,  progressive,  and  con 
tented  in  the  enjoyment  of  equal  liberty  is  spread  out  before  you,  and  the  hum  of  its 
free,  joyous  and  happy  industry  greets  you  from  every  quarter  of  our  great  domain. 
You  have  lived  to  see,  rejoice  and  participate  in  the  results  of  your  work  in  the  service 
of  your  country  ;  and,  if  those  who  are  permitted  to  die  for  their  country  are  to  be 
accounted  happy,  surely  they  who  have  freely  put  life  at  hazard  in  their  country's 
cause,  and  have  lived  to  see,  as  you,  the  result  of  their  efforts  and  sacrifices  in  its 
universal  prosperity  and  happiness,  cannot  be  accounted  unhappy.  You  have  done 
well  to  set  up  this  monument, — a  record  of  your  youthful  devotion  to  constitutional 
liberty.  It  will  encourage  those  who  shall  come  after  you,  to  preserve  and  transmit  by 
similar  service,  when  called  for,  the  blessings  of  liberty  which  you  have  aided  in  trans 
mitting  to  them  ;  and  so  it  shall  serve  to  convey  the  influence  of  your  example  to 
those  who  shall  occupy  the  places  which  in  the  ordinary  course  of  nature  you 
must  ere  long  leave  vacant.  You  serve  your  country  in  thus  perpetuating  the 
record  of  your  early  sacrifices  in  her  behalf.  The  admonition  of  this  monument 
shall  be  to  those  who  shall  look  upon  it  in  all  coming  time  :  "  If  the  liberties  of  your 
country  are  in  danger,  enlist  as  volunteers  promptly,  and  enlist  for  the  War." 

But  this  shaft  in  enduring  stone  and  others  like  it  which  decorate  and  shall  increas- 


684  THE    NINTH    NEW    YORK.  1888 

ingly  decorate  this  field  through  coming  time,  are  not  the  most  lasting  or  most  worthy 
monuments  to  the  victory  here  achieved.  Monuments  of  brass  or  marble  will  yield  to 
the  tooth  of  time  and  crumble  to  dust.  The  Government  itself,  which  you  here  con 
tributed  to  save  and  perpetuate,  is  the  most  fitting  and  most  permanent  monument  to 
the  services  which  you  and  such  as  you  here  rendered  for  your  country.  The  Govern 
ment  realizes  and  embodies  protection  and  security  for  the  equal  liberty  and  rights  of 
man  in  the  highest  and  best  form  yet  wrought  out  in  the  experience  of  our  race.  It 
is  the  last  best  hope  for  the  advancement  of  man  through  self  government.  Under  it 
every  power  of  the  Nation  and  every  power  of  the  State  is  directed  and  consecrated  to 
the  highest  security  and  well-being  of  the  individual  citizen.  The  free  and  self- 
directed  prosperity,  happiness  and  advancement  of  every  State  is  part  of  the  strength 
and  glory  of  the  National  Union,  and  that  Union,  which  has  its  existence  only  in  and 
through  the  States,  is  given  and  can  have  no  object  for  the  exercise  of  its  great  and 
National,  though  prescribed  and  delegated,  powers,  but  the  security  of  the  citizens  of 
every  State  in  the  enjoyment  of  self-government  under  their  own  laws,  in  obedience  to 
the  National  Constitution,  without  interference  from  other  States  or  from  the  outside 
world.  Mark  this  more  than  human  security  for  human  liberty  and  progress.  It  was 
not  wrought  by  man  alone.  The  strength  and  power  of  the  Nation  thus  become  the 
strength  and  power  of  every  State,  small  or  great,  and  of  every  citizen  of  every  State 
for  its  and  his  own  protection  and  security,  while  every  State  is  a  free  self-govern 
ing  community,  within  and  under  the  Constitution  of  the  country,  with  the  respon 
sibility  for  the  advancement  and  welfare  of  its  own  people  by  such  laws  as  their 
own  wishes  and  wisdom  may  determine.  Each  State  is  thus  in  competition  with 
every  other  State  in  the  advancement  and  perfection  of  its  laws,  and  the  prosperity 
and  happiness  of  its  own  people.  A  mistake  in  one,  by  unwise  legislation,  affects 
no  other  State,  except  as  a  warning,  and  when  proved  a  mistake  is  soon  repealed  ; 
each  real  advance  made  and  proved  valuable  in  any  State  soon  becomes  the  property 
of  all  by  imitation  or  improvement.  No  system  of  government  ever  before  existed 
equally  capable  of  promoting  and  securing  rapid  and  safe  advancement  in  civilization 
for  a  great  and  free  Nation,  occupying  a  vast  extent  of  territory,  with  varying  wants 
and  necessities  arising  from  variety  of  climate,  production  and  employment ;  and  noth 
ing  in  the  experience  of  the  world  gives  assurance  or  hope  that  a  better  system  of 
government  for  a  great,  free  and  progressive  Nation  can  ever  exist. 

It  may  be  safely  said  that  since  the  adoption  of  the  Federal  Constitution,  the 
people  of  the  United  States,  through  their  local  State  governments,  have  made  more 
rapid  progress  in  perfection  of  laws  affecting  and  securing  just  and  equal  rights  than 
any  other  portion  of  the  world.  Nor  will  it  be  doubted  that  this  system  of  govern 
ment,  born  of  the  American  Constitution,  will  be  found  adequate  for  any  degree  of 
advancement  in  law  and  liberty  of  which  man  shall  be  capable.  It  was  the  over 
throw  of  such  a  government  which  you  and  those  who  fought  with  you  on  this  field 
successfully  resisted.  This  Government,  then,  I  repeat,  with  all  its  vast  possibilities 
for  good  to  your  own  country,  and  to  the  world,  in  commending  and  assuring  free 
self-goverment  to  mankind,  shall  be  the  fitting,  undying  monument  to  those  whose 
valor  and  blood  gave  it  triumph  and  perpetuity  on  this  field. 

But,  fellow  citizens,  we  may  not  tarry  long  upon  this  battle-field,  great  and  glorious 
as  were  its  achievements  and  as  are  its  memories.  The  call  to  duty  is  to  our  own 
places  as  citizens  of  the  Republic  in  fhe  great  march  of  peace.  Commemorations  of 
past  events,  however  important,  are  chiefly  valuable  as  incentives  and  motives  giving 
purpose,  courage  and  strength  for  present  and  future  duty.  It  cannot  be  doubted  that 


' 


MOXU3IENT    AT    GETTYSBURG,   PA. 


1888  THE    MONUMENT.  685 

this  Republic  holds  the  advance  of  human  progress  in  development  of  free  self-gov 
ernment  for  mankind.  Trustees  of  all  achieved  by  our  fathers  in  this  cause,  the 
weight  of  our  responsibility  is  increased  by  all  the  blood  and  treasure  poured  out  on 
this  and  other  fields  in  the  war  we  here  recall.  The  declaration,  "  Government  of  the 
people,  for  the  people,  and  by  the  people,  shall  not  perish  from  the  earth,"  thundered 
from  this  field,  has  been  heard  round  the  world  and  will  go  down  the  ages.  Until  the 
Government  of  this  great  Republic,  born  of  the  American  Constitution,  shall  depart 
from  its  purpose  and  fail  of  the  end  for  which  it  was  created,  self-government  cannot 
fail,  but  is  within  reach  of  all  mankind  having  virtue  to  appreciate  and  maintain  it. 
All  hail,  then,  the  future  with  its  problems  of  state.  However  many  and  difficult, 
these  shall  all  be  solved  when  reached  as  the  highest  good  of  this  great  people  shall 
require,  and  this  "  Government  of  the  people,  for  the  people,  and  by  the  people,"  shall 
conduct  this  and  future  generations  who  are  to  occupy  our  places  to  as  high  develop 
ment  and  achievement  as  shall  be  permitted  to  man  under  human  government. 

When  the  applause  succeeding  Mr.  Potter's  oration  had 
partially  subsided,  Conterno's  musicians  played  "  Dixie." 
Then  Chaplain  Roe  pronounced  the  benediction,  after  which 
the  NINTH  reformed  their  ranks  and  fired  three  volleys  of 
blank  cartridge  as  a  salute  to  the  monument,  and  the  exercises 

o 

were  ended. 

Upon  the  East  face  of  the  shaft  (see  the  engraving  facing 
page  684),  is  inscribed  in  the  granite  : 

2ND  BRIG. 

2ND   DlV.    1ST    CORPS. 

Below  this  is  the  circular  bronze  plate  bearing  the  coat  of 
arms  of  the  State  of  New  York,  and  below  that,  cut  in  the 
granite  : 

83RD  N.  Y.  VOLS. 

NINTH 

REGIMENT. 

N.  Y.  S.  M.— N.  G.  S.  N.  Y. 

Upon  the  West  face  is  the  circular  bronze  plate  bearing  the 
regimental  badge,  a  Maltese  Cross  with  the  figure  9  in  the 
centre,  surrounded  by  the  motto  "  Ratione  Aut  Vt"  in  a  circle. 
In  the  arms  of  the  cross  are  the  letters  N.  G.  S.  N.  Y.  Below 
this  is  inscribed  in  the  granite  : 


686  THE    NINTH    NEW    YORK. 

VOLUNTEERED  APRIL   IQTII,  AND   MUSTERED 
INTO  U.  S.  SERVICE,  JUNE  STII,  1861. 

Officers  and  enlisted  men  .  .  .  2278 
Killed,  died  of  wounds  or  disease  .  261 
Wounded  4.2; 

*      O 

Promoted,  discharged,  etc i  764 

Mustered  out,  June  23d,  1864  .     .     .       253 

Upon  the  North  face  a  bronze  tablet  contains  the  following- 
engagements  : 

Fitzhugh's  Crossing          .         .         .  Va. 

Chancellorsville        ....  Va. 

Gettysburg       .....  Pa. 

Mine  Run Va. 

Wilderness       .....  Va. 

Laurel  Hill Va. 

Spottsylvania  .....  Va. 

North  Anna  River  ....  Va. 

Cold  Harbor    .         .         .         .         .  Va. 

Below  the  bronze  is  cut  in  the  st9ne  the  following: 

JULY  2ND  AND  313,  1863. 

AT  ZIEGLER'S  GROVE  ; 
ALSO  SUPPORTED  BATTERIES 
WlTII  IITII,  I2TII  AND  2ND  CORPS. 

The  South    face    contains    also    a    bronze  plate  with  the 
following  inscriptions  : 

Harper's  Ferry         ....  Va. 

Cedar  Mountain       ....  Va 

Rappahannock          .  .         .  Va. 

Thoroughfare  Gap  ....  Va. 

Second  Bull  Run  Va. 


1888  THE    MONUMENT.  68/. 

Chantilly Va. 

South  Mountain       ....  Md. 

Antietam Md. 

Fredericksburg         .  .         .  Va. 

Below  the  bronze  plate  is  cut  in  the  stone  the  following: 

ENGAGED  ON  Tins  GROUND 

JULY  IST,  1863,  i  TO  3  p.  M. 

ASSISTING   IN  CAPTURE  OF  IVERSON'S  N.  C.  BRIG. 

Upon  each  of  the  four  sides  of  the  shaft,  near  the  top,  is 
the  badge  of  the  First  Corps,  a  disc,  cut  in  the  stone  and 
polished. 

After  the  ceremony  the  regiment  marched  back  to  the  camp, 
while  the  veterans  returned  to  the  town  in  time  for  a  late  sup 
per.  The  evening  was  all  too  short,  for  the  veterans  were  to 
leave  at  ten  o'clock  on  their  return  home.  It  was  pleasing  to 
notice  the  manner  in  which  old  comrades  greeted  each  other 
whenever  acquaintances  happened  to  meet — "  Well !  Well !  You 
here  ?  How  are  you  anyhow  !"  and  such  hand-shaking  as  would 
follow  !  Then  they  would  fall  to  recounting  their  experience 
on  the  field  ;  after  that  inquiries  would  be  made  as  to  their  life 
since  the  war,  and  their  present  habitation,  business,  etc.,  etc.— 
then  would,  follow  an  exchange  of  cards  with  mutual  invitations 
to  call  on  each  other  in  New  York,  Boston  or  Chicago. 

Shortly  after  ten  o'clock  the  Veteran  Association,  in  their 
special  train,  rolled  out  of  Gettysburg,  each  member  full  of  the 
proud  consciousness  of  duty  well  performed,  and  more  than 
satisfied  at  the  successful  completion  of  their  great  undertaking. 
At  half-past  nine  the  next  morning,  July  2nd,  the  train  arrived 
at  Jersey  City,  and  the  veterans  were  soon  at  their  homes  in 
New  York  and  Brooklyn. 


688  THE    NINTH    NEW    YORK.  1888 


CHAPTER  XXXV. 

REUNION    OF    THE   BLUE    AND    THE    GRAY. 
1888  (CONTINUED).    GETTYSBURG  (CONCLUDED.) 

How  the  Regiment  was  Rationed. — The  NINTH  Escorts  the  Society  of  the  Army  of 
the  Potomac  to  Its  Meeting. — The  Boys  visit  the  Field. — The  Reunion  of  the 
Blue  and  the  Gray. — Account  of  the  "  Love  Feast."— Speeches  of  Generals  Sickles, 
Gordon,  Beaver,  Hooker,  ex-Governor  Curtin,  Generals  Longstreet,  Slocum  and 
Curtis. — Reception  in  the  Evening. — Review  in  Honor  of  General  Robinson. — 
The  Exercises  at  the  Cemetery  on  July  2d. — Poem  of  Mr.  George  Parsons  Lath- 
rop. — Oration  by  George  William  Curtis. — Close  of  the  Reunion. — The  Regiment 
Leaves  for  Home. — Arrival  at  New  York. — Acknowledgments  of  Faithful  Ser 
vice. — Register  of  Veterans  Present  at  Gettysburg.  — Register  of  Commissioned 
Officers  and  Strength  of  the  Regiment  on  July  4th. — Annual  Inspections  from 
1859  to  1888  Inclusive. — Grand  Register  of  Commissioned  Officers  of  the  Regi 
ment  fr"om  1859  to  1888. 

TO  return  now  to  the  regiment  which  we  left  at  the  camp 
near  the  Springs  Hotel  at  Gettysburg.  The  boys  were 
fed  by  contract — that  is,  a  caterer  from  Carlisle  had  been 
engaged  to  furnish  food  to  the  regiment,  officers  and  men  alike, 
at  so  much  a  meal  per  head.  Of  course  there  were  some  who 
grumbled  because  the  coffee  was  not  stronger  and  the  butter 
weaker,  because  the  morning's  steak  was  not  cooked  enough, 
or  too  "  well  done,"  or  so  tough  that  a  piece  of  sole  leather 
would  have  been  easier  masticated.  Then  some  had  to  wait 
too  long  before  being  helped;  others  didn't  like  to  drink  out 
of  tin  cups  or  eat  off  of  tin  plates ;  others  wanted  napkins,  and 
some  finger  bowls.  After  the  first  day,  however,  matters  regu 
lated  themselves,  and  the  chronic  grumblers  found  themselves 
in  such  a  helpless  minority  that  they  kept  quiet.  Colonel 
Seward  set  a  good  example  to  all  the  officers,  and  men  too,  by 
appearing  promptly  at  the  general  mess  tent,  taking  his  regu 
lar  rations  and  successfully  making  believe  that  he  liked  them. 
He  was  ably  supported  by  Lieut-Colonel  Rand,  who  appeared 
to  enj'oy  the  "  discussion  "  of  the  Menu  as  much  as  though  he 


1888  TIIK     IM.ri:    AND    'I  1 1  K    CRAY.  689 

was  "going  through  "  a  more  elaborate  one  at   the  St.  Cloud 
Hotel. 

The  meetings  of  the  several  corps  of  the  Society  of  the 
Army  of  the  Potomac  were  held  in  the  Rink  in  town  between 
ten  and  eleven  o'clock  in  the  morning,  that  of  the  society  at 
three  o'clock  in  the  afternoon  of  Monday  the  2nd.  At  the 
appointed  time  the  NINTH  formed  line,  and,  marching  to  the. 
Springs  Hotel,  received  the  officers  and  members  of  the  Army 
of  the  Potomac  society,  whom  it,  together  with  the  various 
detachments  of  the  regular  army  which  were  on  the  ground, 
escorted  to  the  rostrum  in  the  National  Cemetery;  where  the 
grand  Reunion  of  the  Blue  and  the  Gray  took  place.  From 
the  columns  of  the  New  York  Tribune  we  cut  the  following 
account  of  that  notable  gathering  : 

The  fever  point  of  the  enthusiasm  which  will  make  this  battle  celebration  a  notable 
patriotic  memory  was  reached  this  afternoon  when  the  veterans  of  the  Blue  ami  the 
Gray  met  as  hosts  and  guests  on  the  grassy  slopes  of  the  National  Cemetery,  and  the 
chosen  orators  on  both  sides  told  in  glowing  phrases  amid  a  din  of  cheers  how  the 
hate  and  rancor  of  a  quarter  of  a  century  ago  had  vanished  and  the  North  and  tin- 
South  could  again  clasp  hands  under  one  flag  in  hearty  fellowship  and  peace.  Politics 
had  no  part  in  this  fraternal  demonstration,  nor  the  sentimentality  that  would  hide  the 
vital  issues  of  the  war  under  an  affectation  of  complete  forgetfulness.  The  feeling  on 
all  sides  was  one  of  frank  cordiality,  of  soldierly  welcome,  of  genuine  satisfaction  that 
the  war  had  ended  twenty-three  years  ago,  as  it  did,  and  that  the  gallant  survivors  of 
both  armies  could  stroll  about  as  friends  on  the  field  that  their  bravery  and  steadfast 
ness  had  made  famous.  Preparations  for  this  friendly  meeting  had  been  on  foot  for 
two  days,  and  the  vast  crowd  filled  the  broad  open  space  in  front  of  the  cemetery 
rostrum  even  far  beyond  the  reach  of  any  speaker's  voice.  The  heartiness  and 
unanimity  of  the  applause,  the  perfect  good  order  and  good  nature  of  the  assemblage, 
all  bore  witness  to  the  prevailing  spirit  of  the  day.  Every  time  the  blue  and  gray 
appeared  entwined  the  colors  were  greeted  with  a  cheer;  "  Dixie  Land  "  and  "  Yankee 
Doodle  "  were  the  melodies  the  listeners  demanded.  A  "  Yank  "  and  a  "  Johnny  "  arm 
in  arm  set  all  the  crowd  applauding. 

Twenty  thousand  people  tried  to  push  their  way  into  the  pretty  cemetery.  Ten 
thousand  more  hung  around  the  granite  walls  which  fence  in  its  close-shaven  lawns 
and  long  glistening  lines  of  whitish  head-stones.  They  could  not  see  the  ceremonies 
or  hear  the  speeches,  but  there  they  stood,  patient  and  enthusiastic,  waiting  only  for 
the  roll  of  applause  from  within  to  break  into  a  rousing  cheer  of  their  own. 
****** 

Once  in  the  cemetery,  the  rank  and  file  of  the  veterans  took  their  places  on  the 
lawn  and  the  dignitaries  mounted  the  rostrum.  Besides  the  speakers,  there  were 
present  among  a  hundred  or  more  well-known  men  :  General  Longstreet,  General 
Slocum,  Generals  Carr,  Richardson,  Robinson,  Nugent,  Graham,  T remain  and  Bar- 


690  THE    NINTH    NEW    YORK.  1888 

num,  of  New  York  ;  ex-Senator  Warner  Miller ;  ex-Governor  Hartranft,  of  Pennsyl 
vania;  Generals  Berclan,  Fairchild,  Greene  and  Beaver;  Major  Rea,  the  commander- 
in-chief  of  the  Grand  Army  of  the  Republic  ;  General  N.  Martin  Curtis,  Commander 
of  the  Department  of  New  York,  Grand  Army  of  the  Republic  ;  Colonel  Bachelder, 
of  Boston;  General  Grant,  of  Vermont;  General  S.  Wylie  Crawford,  of  the  United 
States  Army ;  ex-Governors  Smith  and  Holbrook,  of  Vermont ;  Governor  Ormsbee, 
of  Vermont ;  the  Rev.  Dr.  Twichell,  of  Hartford  ;  Colonel  Parsons,  of  Virginia ; 
General  Hooker,  of  Mississippi ;  George  William  Curtis,  Orlando  B.  Potter,  General 
George  H.  Sharpe,  and  ex-Governor  Curtin,  of  Pennsylvania. 

General  John  C.  Robinson  called  the  vast  assemblage  to  order  and  introduced 
General  Sickles  as  the  presiding  officer.  He  called  on  the  Rev.  Dr.  Twichell  for  a 
prayer,  and  then  read  from  the  type-written  sheets  a  signally  appropriate  and  striking 
speech.  He  was  applauded  throughout,  and  when  at  the  end  he  called  on  the  vet 
erans  of  both  aimies  to  unite  in  a  pledge  to  the  perpetuity  of  the  Nation  and  the 
•defence  of  the  flag,  there  was  a  sounding  chorus  of  ayes,  then  a  burst  of  cheering  in 
which  the  sharp  note  of  the  "  Rebel  yell  "  rang  out  even  above  the  Yankee  "  hip,  hip, 
hurrah." 

From  the  Report  of  the  Proceedings  of  the  Society  the  fol 
lowing  is  taken.  General  Sickles  said  : 

This  assembly  marks  an  epoch.  You  are  survivors  of  two  great  armies.  You  and 
your  comrades  fought  here  the  decisive  battle  of  a  long  and  terrible  Civil  War. 
Twenty-five  years  have  passed,  and  now  the  combatants  of  1863  come  together  again, 
on  your  old  field  of  battle,  to  unite  in  pledges  of  love  and  devotion  to  one  constitution, 
one  Union,  and  one  flag.  To-day  there  are  no  victors,  no  vanquished.  As  Americans 
we  may  all  claim  a  common  share  in  the  glories  of  this  battle-field.  Memorable  for 
so  many  brilliant  feats  of  arms,  no  stain  rests  on  the  colors  of  any  battalion,  battery, 
or  troop  that  contended  here  for  victory.  Gallant  Buford,  who  began  the  battle,  and 
brave  Pickett,  who  closed  the  struggle,  fitly  represent  the  intrepid  hosts  that  for  three, 
days  rivaled  each  other  in  titles  to  martial  renown.  Among  the  hundreds  of  memorial 
structures  on  this  field,  there  is  not  one  bearing  an  inscription  that  wounds  the  suscep 
tibilities  of  an  honorable  and  gallant  foe. 

This  meeting  is  a  historical  event.  We  dedicate  here  on  this  battle-field  to-day  an 
altar  sacred  to  peace  and  tranquility  and  union.  We  sow  the  seeds  of  friendship 
between  communities  and  States,  and  populations  once  hostile  are  now  reconciled. 
We  all  share  in  the  rich  harvest  reaped  by  the  whole  country,  North  and  South,  East 
and  West,  from  the  new  America  born  on  this  battle-field,  where  the  Republic  conse 
crated  her  institutions  to  liberty  and  justice. 

It  is  sometimes  said  that  it  is  not  wise  to  perpetuate  the  memories  of  Civil  War, 
and  such  was  the  Roman  maxim.  But  our  Civil  War  was  not  a  mere  conspiracy 
against  a  ruler ;  it  was  not  the  plot  of  a  soldier  to  oust  a  rival  from  power;  it  was  not 
a  pronunciamento.  The  conflict  of  1861-65  was  a  War  of  institutions  and  s>stems 
and  politics.  It  was  a  revolution,  ranking  in  importance  with  the  French  revolution 
•of  the  eighteenth  century  and  with  the  English  revolution  of  the  seventeenth,  universal 
in  its  beneficent  influence  upon  the  destinies  of  this  country,  and  ineffaceable  in  the 
footprints  it  made  in  the  path  of  our  national  progress.  The  memories  of  such  a  War 
are  as  indestructible  as  our  civilization.  The  names  of  Lincoln,  and  Lee,  and  Grant, 


1888  EXTRACTS    FROM    ADDRESSES.  691 

and  Jackson  can  never  he  effaced  from  our  annals.  The  valor  and  fortitude  and 
achievements  of  both  armies,  never  surpassed  in  any  age,  demand  a  record  in  American 
history.  And  now  that  time  and  thought,  common  sense  and  common  interests, 
have  softened  all  the  animosities  of  War,  we  may  bury  them  forever,  while  we  cherish 
and  perpetuate  as  Americans  the  immortal  heritage  of  honor  belonging  to  a  Republic 
that  became  imperishable  when  it  became  free. 

The  War  of  1861-65  was  our  heroic  age.  It  demonstrated  the  vitality  of  repub 
lican  institutions.  It  illustrated  the  martial  spirit  and  resources  and  genius  of  the 
American  soldier  and  sailor.  It  was  a  war  in  which  sentiments  and  ideas  dominated 
interests.  The  lavish  sacrifices  of  blood  and  treasure,  the  unyielding  tenacity  of  the 
combatants,  the  constancy  and  firmness  of  the  people  on  both  sides,  men  and  women, 
old  and  young,  rich  and  poor,  signalized  the  great  conflict  as  the  heroic  age  of  the 
republic.  We  now  see  that  the  obstinacy  of  the  War  on  both  sides  compelled  a  settle 
ment  of  all  the  elements  of  disunion  between  the  North  and  South.  An  earlier 
peace  might  have  been  a  mere  truce,  to  be  followed  by  recurring  hostilities.  We 
fought  until  the  furnace  of  War  melted  all  our  discords  and  moulded  us  in  one  homo 
geneous  nation.  Let  us  all  be  devoutly  thankful  that  God  has  spared  us  to  witness 
and  to  share  the  blessings  bestowed  by  Providence  upon  our  country  as  the  compen 
sation  for  countless  sacrifices  made  to  establish  on  just  and  firm  foundations  a  govern 
ment  of  the  people,  by  the  people,  and  for  the  people. 

For  myself  I  rejoice  that  I  am  here  to-day  to  meet  so  many  comrades  and  so  many 
foes,  and  to  unite  with  all  of  you  in  pledges  of  friendship  and  fraternity.  And  now 
I  ask  you  one  and  all,  the  survivors  of  the  blue  and  the  gray,  to  affirm  with  one  voice 
our  unanimous  resolve  to  maintain  our  Union,  preserve  our  institutions,  and  defend 
our  flag. 

[For  several  minutes  after  General  Sickles  ceased  speaking, 
cheers  and  yells  from  the  vast  audience  filled  the  air,  giving 
good  evidence  that  those  present  were  in  hearty  accord  with 
the  words  uttered.] 

Gen.  Sickles  introduced  Gen.  J  B.  Gordon,  who  spoke  on  behalf  of  the  ex-Confed 
erates.  As  his  swinging  sentences,  eloquent  and  ringing,  were  uttered,  there  was  fre 
quent  applause.  Gen.  Gordon  said  : 

Mr.  President  and  Fellow-Soldiers :  I  greet  you  to-night  with  far  less  trepidation 
and  infinitely  more  pleasure  than  in  the  early  days  of  July,  1863,  when  I  last  met  you 
at  Gettysburg.  I  came  then,  as  now,  to  meet  the  soldiers  of  the  Union  Army.  It 
would  be  useless  to  attempt  utterance  of  the  thoughts  which  now  thrill  my  spirit.  The 
temptation  is  to  draw  the  contrast  between  the  scenes  which  then  were  witnessed  and 
those  which  greet  us  here  to-night ;  to  speak  of  the  men  with  whom  I  then  marched, 
and  of  those  whom  we  met ;  of  those  who  have  survived  to  meet  again  twenty-five 
years  later,  and  of  those  who  here  fought  and  fell;  of  the  contrast  made  by  this  mass 
of  manly  cordiality  and  good  fellowship  with  the  long  lines  of  dusty  uniforms  which 
then  stood  in  battle  array  beneath  bristling  bayonets  and  spread  ensigns,  moving  in 
awful  silence  and  with  sullen  tread  to  grapple  each  other  in  deadly  conflict.  I  would 
speak  of  all  these,  and  of  the  motives  which  impelled  each,  of  the  swaying  tides  of 
the  three  days'  battles,  of  the  final  Federal  victory,  and  of  its  preponderating  influence 


692  THE    NINTH    NEW    YORK.  i88& 

in  turning  the  scales  of  war,  but  the  nature  of  the  pleasing  duty  assigned  me  forbids 
this. 

There  is,  however,  one  suggestion  which  dominates  my  thought  at  this  hour,  to 
present  which  I  ask  brief  indulgence.  Of  all  the  martial  virtues,  the  one  which  is  per 
haps  more  characteristic  of  the  truly  brave  is  the  virtue  of  magnanimity.  "  My  fair 
est  earldom  would  I  give  to  bid  Chan  Alpine's  chieftain  live,"  was  the  noble  senti 
ment  attributed  to  Scotland's  magnanimous  monarch,  as  he  stood  gazing  into  the  face 
of  his  slain  antagonist.  That  sentiment,  immortalized  by  Scott  in  his  musical  and 
martial  verse,  will  associate  for  all  time  the  name  of  Scotland's  king  with  those  of  the 
great  spirits  of  the  past.  How  grand  the  exhibitions  of  the  same  generous  impulses 
that  characterize  the  victors  upon  this  memorable  field  ! 

My  fellow-countrymen  of  the  North,  if  1  may  be  permitted  to  speak  for  those 
whom  I  represent,  let  me  assure  you  that  in  the  profoundest  depths  of  their  nat'ire 
they  reciprocate  that  generosity  with  all  the  manliness  and  sincerity  of  which  brave 
men  are  capable.  In  token  of  that  sincerity,  they  join  in  consecrating  for  annual 
patriotic  pilgrimage  these  historic  heights,  which  drank  such  copious  draughts  of 
American  blood,  poured  so  freely  in  discharge  of  duty,  as  each  conceived  it,  a  Mecca 
for  the  North  which  so  grandly  defended  it,  a  Mecca  for  the  South  which  so  bravely 
and  persistently  stormed  it.  We  join  you  in  setting  apart  this  land  as  an  enduring 
monument  of  peace,  brotherhood,  and  perpetual  union.  I  repeat  the  thought  with 
additional  emphasis,  with  singleness  of  heart  and  of  purpose,  in  the  name  of  a  com 
mon  country  and  of  universal  human  liberty,  and  by  the  blood  of  our  fallen  brothers, 
we  unite  in  the  solemn  consecration  of  these  battle-hallowed  hills  as  a  holy,  eternal 
pledge  of  fidelity  to  the  life,  freedom  and  unity  of  this  cherished  republic. 

I  am  honored  to-night  in  being  selected  to  introduce  one  of  the  distinguished 
representatives  of  that  spirit  of  magnanimity  of  which  I  have  spoken.  I  present  to 
you  a  soldier  without  fear,  reproach  or  malice ;  a  soldier  whose  blood  was  spilled,  and 
whose  body  was  mained,  though  then  but  a  boy,  while  he  bravely  and  gladly  obeyed 
his  country's  commands.  I  introduce  to  you  a  statesman  whose  services  are  distin 
guished,  and  whose  record  is  stainless.  I  introduce  to  you  a  patriot  whose  extended 
hand  and  generous  heart  are  ever  open  to  all  his  countrymen.  Soldier,  statesman, 
patriot,  I  present  them  all  in  the  person  of  General-Governor  James  A.  Beaver,  of 
Pennsylvania. 

The  introduction  of  Gov.  Beaver  and  the  glowing  tribute  that  was  paid  him  as 
soldier,  statesman,  and  patriot  was  the  signal  for  another  outburst  of  applause  and 
three  hearty  cheers.  The  Governor  stood  resting  on  his  crutches  just  behind  a  scroll 
bearing  the  immortal  words  of  Lincoln's  Gettysburg  speech,  and  the  national  monu 
ment  itself,  at  whose  dedication  those  words  were  uttered,  looked  clown  upon  the 
gathering  from  a  little  distance,  In  his  address  of  welcome,  Governor  Beaver  said 

Men  who  wore  the  Gray  :  I  have  been  commissioned  by  my  comrades  of  the 
Society  of  the  Army  of  the  Potomac— men  who  wore  the  blue — to  address  you  in 
their  behalf  a  few  words  of  simple  and  sincere  welcome.  I  might  content  myself 
with  expressing  the  cordial  feeling  which  prompted  the  invitation  in  obedience  to 
which  you  are  here  as  our  guests  to-day.  Those  who  commissioned  me  to  speak  for 
them,  as  well  as  you,  will,  however,  expect  something  more.  It  is  perhaps  clue  to 
them,  to  you,  and  to  the  country  at  large,  which  views  with  interest  the  unique 
spectacle  which  we  present,  that  something  more  should  be  said  in  order  that  it  may 
be  seen  and  understood  of  all  men  that  we  can  talk  frankly  and  fully  of  what  has 
passed,  while  we  enjoy  the  present  and  resolutely  and  unitedly  face  the  future.  A  gener- 


1888  GENERALS    GORDON    AND    BEAVER.  693 

ation  ago  \ve  lived  together  as  citizens  of  one  country,  subject  to  the  provisions 
of  a  compact  which  had  been  made  three-quarters  of  a  century  before  by  our  fore 
fathers.  In  accordance  with  what  you  considered  its  fair  and  just  interpretation,  and 
the  agreement  being  itself,  as  you  supposed,  inadequate  to  protect  you  in  certain 
rights  of  property,  you  determined  to  annul  it  so  far  as  you  were  concerned  ;  to  with 
draw  yourselves  from  the  binding  force  of  its  provisions,  and  to  erect  a  separate  and 
independent  government,  based  for  the  most  part  upon  the  same  principles,  but  pro 
viding  for  the  rights  of  property  and  your  views  of  interpretation.  There  was  more 
or  less  of  intense  feeling  involved  ;  and  yet  I  think  I  speak  the  words  of  truth  and 
soberness  when  I  say  that  so  far  as  we  were  concerned  there  was  nothing  of  personal 
animosity  or  bitterness  or  hate  involved  in  the  contest. 

My  own  case  is  that  which  will,  doubtless,  illustrate  many,  many  similar  ones.  My 
mother  lived  in  Pennsylvania.  She  had  three  boys  who  wore  the  blue.  Her  only 
.sister,  and  the  only  other  child  of  her  father,  lived  in  Virginia.  Her  three  boys  wore 
the  gray.  They  served  in  the  army  of  Northern  Virginia  ;  we  served  for  the  most 
part  in  the  Army  of  the  Potomac.  Our  deadly  shots  were  aimed  at  each  other  in 
many  battles  of  the  War  in  which  these  two  armies  confronted  each  other.  Did  that 
fact,  think  you,  obliterate  the  love  which  those  sisters  bore  to  each  other,  or  that  which 
animated  their  sons  ?  Nay,  verily.  On  our  side  the  war  was  one  of  principles,  of 
abstract  ideas  largely.  On  your  side  we  admit,  with  your  views  of  what  was  to  bt 
expected  in  the  future,  your  property  rights  and  private  interests  were  directly 
involved  ;  and  hence  the  more  intense  feeling  and  ardor  which  you  displayed.  It  is 
.sufficient  for  our  present  purpose  that  the  sword,  to  whose  dread  arbitrament  you  had 
submitted,  decided  against  you,  and  that  your  representative  and  ours  so  agreed  at 
Appomattox.  The  questions  involved  are  now  no  longer  at  issue ;  that  issue  was 
settled  and  settled  forever.  The  judgment  of  the  court  of  last  resort  was  pronounced. 
Your  representative — honorable  man  that  he  was — accepted  it  for  you.  You  as  honor 
able  men  have  stood  by  and  are  bound  to  stand  by  the  decision.  We  as  honorable 
men  are  bound  to  see  to  it  that  that  decision  is  respected,  and  that  you  shall  not  be 
called  upon  to  admit  more  or  to  promise  more  than  is  involved  in  the  decision. 

Upon  this  platform  we  meet  here  to-day.  Upon  this  platform  we  stand  as  citizens 
of  a  common  country.  In  standing  upon  it  we  claim  no  superiority  over  you:  you 
admit  no  inferiority  to  us.  If  such  a  feeling  struggled  for  a  place  in  our  hearts,  the 
Issues  of  this  field  should  determine  that  question.  You  are  our  equals  in  courage, 
•our  equals  in  perseverance,  our  equals  in  intelligence,  our  equals  in  all  that  constitutes 
and  dignifies  and  adorns  the  American  character.  You  are  Americans,  and  so  are  we. 
The  men  and  the  women  who  remained  in  the  rear,  who  took  no  immediate  and  active 
part  in  the  contest  on  your  side  and  on  ours,  have  more  to  say  about  the  decision  and 
what  is  involved  in  the  decision,  and  are  more  determined  and  outspoken  in  their 
demands,  than  are  we.  They  are  doubtless  trembling  lest  something  should  be  said 
or  clone  here  to-day  which  may  unsettle  the  decision  of  the  sword  and  annul  its  stern 
•decrees. 

But,  my  countrymen,  our  care  need  not  be  as  to  the  past.  Its  record  is  made  up,  its 
decrees  are  recorded,  its  judgment  is  final.  You  and  I  have  something  to  do  with  the 
future.  Our  faces  are  to  be  resolutely  turned  to  the  front.  I  see  a  grand  future  for 
my  country.  Do  I  say  my  country  ?  Your  country,  our  country,  North  and  South. 
Oh,  my  countrymen  of  the  gray  and  of  the  blue,  and  you,  young  men,  who  wore 
neither  gray  nor  blue,  these  are  the  questions  about  which  we  should  be  concerned  ; 


694  TIIE    NINTH    NEW    YORK.  1888 

and  because  the  consideration  of  these  questions  is  pressing  and  imminent,  we  who 
wore  the  blue  have  invited  you  men  who  wore  the  gray  to  join  us  here  on  this  historic 
field.  We  welcome  you  because  we  need  you.  We  welcome  you  because  you  need 
us.  We  welcome  you  because  we  together  must  enter  in  and  possess  this  future  and 
transmit  this  heritage  to  the  on-coming  generations.  Are  we  ready?  Are  you  ready  ? 
If  so,  let  the  dead  past  bury  its  dead. 

[A  repetition  of  mingled  cheers  and  yells  followed  this 
masterly  address.  After  reading  a  telegram  from  Mrs.  Geo. 
E.  Pickett,  regretting  her  inability  to  be  present,  and  in  which 
she  echoed  the  sentiments  of  loyalty  uttered  by  the  speakers, 
General  Sickles  introduced  General  Charles  E.  Hooker,  of 
Mississippi,  who  was  selected  to  respond  to  Governor  Beaver's 
address,  in  place  of  Chaplain  McCabe,  of  Richmond,  Va. 
General  Hooker  said  :] 

Mr.  President :  Since  I  came  upon  the  stand  you  have  invited  me  to  fill  the 
place  of  the  gentleman  to  whom  was  assigned  the  pleasant  duty  of  responding  to  the 
eloquent  address  of  welcome  just  pronounced  by  Governor  Beaver,  of  Pennsylvania, 
to  the  guests  you  have  invited  to  be  present  at  this  reunion  of  the  Army  of  the 
Potomac. 

The  broad  and  catholic  spirit  of  the  resolutions  introduced  by  the  honored  presi 
dent  of  this  meeting,  General  Sickles,  to  the  men  of  the  Confederate  army  to  meet  you 
on  this  hard-fought  battle-field  of  the  war  between  the  States,  has  prompted  my  pres 
ence  here,  and  brought  many  of  the  veterans  on  either  side  together  in  amicable  re 
union. 

Had  it  been  left  to  the  brave  officers  and  men  engaged  in  the  war,  peace  and  quiet, 
reunion,  and  cordial  fraternization  would  long  since  have  been  established. 

No  saying  is  nearer  the  truth  than  that  of  General  Scott  at  the  beginning  of  the 
war,  that  "  it  would  take  an  army  to  restrain  the  non-combatants  after  the  war  was 
over." 

Mr.  President,  it  is  not  the  first  time  in  the  history  of  the  English-speaking  people 
that  Anglo-Saxon  blood  has  been  shed  by  Anglo-Saxon  hands.  The  love  of  liberty, 
devotion  to  home  rule,  and  community  independence  has  ever  been  the  ruling  trait  in 
the  Anglo-Saxon  race.  It  displayed  itself  when  the  barons  assembled  on  the  banks  of 
Runnymede  and  extorted  from  King  John  the  Magna  Charta  of  freedom.  It  again 
came  to  the  front  when  our  ancestors  made  "  The  Declaration  of  Rights,"  and  again 
when  they  passed  "  The  Bill  of  Rights,"  and  again  when  our  revolutionary  sires  met 
at  old  Independence  Hall  in  the  city  of  Philadelphia  and  made  that  solemn  declara 
tion  : 

"  That  these  colonies  are,  and  of  right  ought  to  be,  free  and  independent  States." 

This  declaration  thundered  o'er  the  continent,  and  our  fathers  endured  the  hard 
ships  and  trials  and  bloodshed  of  the  seven  years'  war  of  the  revolution  to  make  good 
this  declaration.  It  was  devotion  to  these  underlying  principles  of  home  rule  and 
community  independence  that  in  a  large  degree  led  to  the  war  between  the  States. 

Men  differed  as  to  the  construction  of  the  Constitution.     The  war  of  words  culmin- 


i888  GENERAL    CHARLES    K.     HOOKER.  695 

atcd  in  wager  of  battle,  and  nowhere  was  the  valor  of  the  contending  armies  more 
conspicuously  displayed  than  on  the  battle-field  on  which  we  stand  to-day — a  reunited 
people. 

It  must  not  be  forgotten,  Mr.  President,  that  it  was  the  valor  of  the  private  soldier 
that  forged  the  epaulets  that  marked  the  rank  of  the  men  who  led  them  in  battle. 

Shall  we  of  the  Confederacy,  who  delight  to  recall  the  brilliant  and  dashing  charge 
of  Pickett,  the  less  admire  the  stubborn  and  successful  resistencv  of  the  "  Iron  Bri 
gade  "?  They  were  all  Americans,  and  the  American  heart  is  large  enough,  and 
American  history  true  enough,  to  record  the  valor  of  all,  and  claim  it  as  a  common 
heritage. 

The  war  settled  the  question  of  the  right  of  States  to  secede,  but  when  a  recon 
struction  was  to  be  had,  arms  could  not  accomplish  it,  force  could  not  do  it,  and  the 
principle  of  home  rule  and  community  independence  again  appeared  in  that  memora 
ble  decision  of  the  Supreme  Court  of  the  United  States  when  that  august  tribunal 
declared  : 

"  That  this  was  an  indissoluble  Union  of  indestructible  States." 

The  men  who  wore  the  blue  and  the  men  who  wore  the  gray  stand  here  to-day- 
citizens  of  a  common  country,  represented  by  a  common  flag. 

"  Grim-visaged  war  hath  smoothed  his  wrinkled  front,"  and  the  white-winged  mes- 
engers  of  peace  have  touched  the  bosom  of  our  common  mother — the  earth,  and  all 
nature  smiles  in  this  early  July  day  with  the  bounteous  gifts  of  God  to  man. 

Why  should  we  not  meet  here  in  amity  and  concord  to-day  to  mark  the  places 
where  our  heroes  sleep,  where  brave  men  met  brave  men,  and  place  monuments  to 
their  memory?  The  ploughshare  of  peace  has  effaced  the  terrible  lines  of  battle.  Hut 
on  neither  side  can  we  forget  the  valor  of  the  men  who  died  for  what  they  thought 
was  right. 

We  should  be  something  more  or  less  than  men  and  women  could  we  forget  the 
perils  encountered,  the  hardships  endured,  and  the  blood  shed  for  us  by  the  boys  who 
wore  the  blue  and  the  boys  who  wore  the  gray.  Their  last  syllabled  utterances  as 
they  fell  on  this  and  many  another  distant  battle-field  as  their  pale  lips  froze  in  death 
perchance  murmured  our  names.  No  !  their  memories  must  be  ever  cherished,  not  in 
hatei  but  in  love;  and  as  we  go  from  this  field  let  us  feel  nerved  anew  for  the  struggle 
of  life  and  the  development  of  our  glorious  country. 

The  speaker  was  a  most  impassioned  orator  and  made  some 
telling  points  in  his  speech.  He  dwelt,  perhaps,  a  little  too 
long  upon  a  discussion  of  State  Rights,  but  his  remarks  were 
Avill  received,  and  when  he  said  that  while  in  congress,  with  ex- 
Governor  Curtin,  he  was  one  of  the  first  to  vote  for  pensions 
to  Union  veterans,  the  old  war  governor  nodded  a  hearty 
assent.  When  General  Hooker  sat  down  the  audience  called 
loudly  and  long  for  Curtin  !  Curtin  !  Finally  the  old  governer 
faced  the  sea  of  upturned  faces,  and  for  half  an  hour  kept  his 
hearers  in  excellent  humor  by  his  reminiscences  of  a  quarter  of 
a  century  ago. 


696  THE    NINTH    NEW    YORK.  1888 

General  Slocum  was  introduced  after  repeated  calls  from 
many  of  his  old  soldiers.  His  remarks  were  brief,  but  were 
listened  to  with  eagerness  and  frequently  interrupted  by 
applause. 

General  Longstreet  was  then  presented.  Among  other 
things  he  said  that  he  faced  the  Boys  in  Blue  here  with  far  less 
trepidation  than  he  did  twenty-five  years  ago  ;  he,  however,  had 
donned  the  "  Blue  "  many  years  ago,  and  had  felt  quite  at 
home  in  it  for  a  long  time. 

General  N.  Martin  Curtis,  was  introduced  by  General 
Sickles  as  the  "  Hero  of  Fort  Fisher,"  and  was  received  with  a 
burst  of  generous  applause.  General  Curtis  spoke  for  about 
ten  minutes,  paying  a  soldier's  tribute  to  the  valor  of  the  men 
who  had  made  this  field  the  turning  point  of  the  war,  eulogiz 
ing  the  heroism  of  the  men  who  wore  the  Gray,  as  well  as  those 
who  wore  the  Blue,  and  expressing  his  heartfelt  thanks  to 
Providence  that  now  the  antagonists  could  meet  upon  the  same 
ground  in  a  friendly  embrace  as  fellow-citizens  of  one  common 
and  free  Republic.  His  remarks  were  listened  to  with  great 
attention  and  were  loudly  cheered  when  he  sat  down. 

When  General  Curtis  concluded  his  remarks  one  of  the 
veterans  in  the  audience  was  heard  to  remark  to  the  lady  who 
accompanied  him  :  "  Well,  I  guess  they  have  shot  off  all  their 
big  guns,  let  us  go,"  and  that  seemed  to  be  the  feeling  of  a 
great  many,  for  nearly  all  had  stood  on  their  feet  during  the 
speaking. 

The  exercises  had  been  interspersed  with  several  selections 
of  music  by  Conterno's  band,  and  just  as  the  sun  was  sinking 
behind  the  South  Mountain  range  the  benediction  was  pro 
nounced  by  the  Rev.  Dr.  McKnight,  president  of  the  Lutheran 
Seminary,  and  the  large  audience  quietly  dispersed. 

At  the  cemetery  gate  the  NINTH,  with  the  other  military 
bodies,  re-formed  and  escorted  the  dignitaries  back  to  the 
Springs  Hotel. 

In  the  evening  a  reception  was  held  at  the  Hotel,  and  was 
attended  by  several  hundred  persons,  among  whom  were  most 
of  the  prominent  visitors  present.  Dancing  wound  up  the 


i888  SECOND    SESSION'.  697 

festivities,  which  were  continued  until  an  early  hour  the  follow 
ing  morning. 

At  ten  o'clock  on  the  morning  of  the  3d,  Colonel  Seward 
tendered  a  review  to  General  Robinson.  The  regiment 
appeared  at  its  best  and  the  old  Division  Commander  seemed 
well  pleased  with  the  honors  conferred  upon  him. 

At  two  o'clock  in  the  afternoon  the  regiment  again  escorted 
the  Army  of  the  Potomac  Society  to  the  cemetery,  where  the 
final  ceremonies  of  the  reunion  were  to  be  held.  The  Tribune 
of  the  next  day  said  : 

The  reunion  of  Union  and  Confederate  veterans  came  practically  to  an  end  to-day 
with  the  formal  exercises  on  the  cemetery  rostrum.  George  William  Curtis  was  the 
orator,  and  his  speech  scarcely  fell  short  of  the  reputation  he  won,  long  ago,  as  a  mas 
ter  of  polished,  graceful  eloquence.  George  Parsons  Lathrop  sent  a  battle  poem,  full 
of  stirring  verses  and  finely  turned  periods.  It  was  the  rough-and-tumble,  impromptu 
oratory  of  the  last  three  clays  melted  and  refined  ;  the  finest  metal  run  into  pure  literary 
and  artistic  mould.  Both  speech  and  poem,  one  might  perhaps  say,  were  worthy  of 
the  day  and  place,  the  anniversary  of  the  decisive  victory  for  the  preservation  of  the 
Union  and  the  plot  of  ground  immortalized  by  Lincoln's  words.  The  exercises  were 
held  in  the  middle  of  the  afternoon,  and  the  hot  sun  beamed  as  fiercely  as  it  did  on  the 
final  battle-day  in  1863.  The  members  of  the  Society  of  the  Army  of  the  Potomac 
paraded  through  the  streets  again,  through  dust  two  inches  deep,  but  the  enthusiasm 
which  had  flared  up  to  a  fever  heat  on  Tuesday  was  still  unabated,  and  the  veterans 
tramped  through  it  all  without  a  murmur.  The  regular  troops,  infantry,  cavalry  and 
<irtillery,  about  400  strong,  were  at  the  head  of  the  line;  next  to  them  came  the  NINTH 
New  York,  Colonel  Seward  commanding,  with  Conterno's  full  band. 

The  carriages  for  the  guests  were  not  so  numerous,  and  some  of  those  who  figured 
prominently  on  the  platform  yesterday  were  missing.  Governor  Gordon  and  Governor 
Beaver  had  gone  home.  So  had  many  of  the  New  Yorkers  who  came  on  for  the  dedi 
cation  of  their  monuments.  Generals  George  H.  Sharpe  and  Horatio  C.  King,  of  New 
York,  had  charge  of  the  arrangements  at  the  rostrum.  General  John  C.  Robinson 
presided,  and  in  the  chairs  were  General  Longstreet  :  Generals  Sickles,  F.  C.  Bar 
low,  Carr,  Slocum,  Richardson,  Graham,  Burke  and  Nugent  of  New  York;  General 
Fairchild,  of  Wisconsin ;  Major  Rea,  Commander-in-Chief,  and  General  N.  Martin 
Curtis,  cgmmander  of  the  Dept.  of  N.  Y.  Grand  Army  of  the  Republic ;  ex-Senator 
Warner  Miller,  ex-Governor  Curtin,  of  Pennsylvania ;  General  Berdan,  the  Rev.  Mr. 
Twichell,  of  Hartford  ;  General  S.  Wylie  Crawford,  U.  S.  A.,  the  Rev.  Theodore  C. 
Williams,  of  New  York;  General  Greene  and  ex-Governor  Holbrook,  of  Vermont. 
General  Robinson  called  the  assembly  to  order  after  a  crowd  had  massed  itself  on  the 
green  lawn  stretching  from  the  rostrum  far  down  the  cemetery.  There  was  applause 
tor  the  one-legged  veteran,  who  spoke  briefly  and  then  called  on  Mr.  Twichell  to  offer 
prayer.  After  the  prayer,  General  Robinson  announced  that  Mr.  Lathrop  could  not 
come  to  the  field  in  person,  but  had  sent  on  the  poem,  extracts  from  which  would  be 
read  by  General  King. 


698  THE    NINTH    NEW    YORK.  1888 

The  following"  are  extracts  from  the  poem  : 

Hail,  victors,  living,  with  laureled  brow, 

And  you  that  sleep  beneath  the  sward  ! 
Your  song  was  poured  from  cannon  throats : 
It  rang  in  deep-tongued  bugle-notes  : 
Your  triumph  came  ;  you  won  your  crown, 
The  grandeur  of  a  world's  renown. 
But,  in  our  later  lays, 
Full  freighted  with  your  praise, 
Fair  memory  harbors  those  whose  lives,  laid  down 
In  gallant  faith  and  generous  heat, 

Gained  only  sharp  defeat. 
All  are  at  peace,  who  once  so  fiercely  •warred  : 
Brother  and  brother,  now,  we  chant  a  common  chord. 

****** 

Lucid,  pure,  and  calm  and  blameless 

Dawned  on  Gettysburg  the  day 
That  should  make  the  spot,  once  fameless, 

Known  to  nations  far  away. 
Birds  were  caroling,  and  farmers 

Gladdened  o'er  their  garnered  hay, 
When  the  clank  of  gathering  armies 

Broke  the  morning's  peaceful  sway; 
And  the  living  lines  of  foemen 

Drawn  o'er  pasture,  brook  am!  hill. 
Formed  in  figures  weird  of  omen 

That  should  work  with  mystic  will 
Measures  of  a  direful  magic — 

Shattering,  maiming — and  should  fill 
Glades  and  gorges  with  a  tragic 

Madness  of  desire  to  kill. 
Skirmishers  flung  lightly  forward 

Moved  like  scythemen  skilled  to  sweep 
Westward  o'er  the  field  and  nor'ward, 

Deatii's  first  harvest  there  to  reap. 
You  would  say  the  soft,  white  smoke  puffs 

Were  but  languid  clouds  asleep, 
Here  oa  meadows,  there  on  oak  bluffs, 

Fallen  foam  of  Heaven's  blue  deep. 
Yet  that  blossom-white,  outbreaking 

Smoke  wove  many  a  martyr's  shroud. 
Reynolds  fell,  with  soul  xinquaking, 

Ardent-eyed  and  open  browed. 
Noble  men  in  humbler  raiment 

Fell  where  shot  their  graves  had  ploughed, 
Dying  not  for  paltry  payment, 

But  for  home,  for  honor  proud. 


1888  POEM    BY    GEORGE    PARSONS    LAT1IROP.  699 

What  of  Barlow  and  of  Gordon 

Locked  in  fierce  and  deadly  clench? 
Buford,  with  his  troopers — warden 

Of  the  key — who  will  not  blench  ? 
Fairchild's  firm  Wisconsin  marchers, 

Meredith's  Iron  Brigade,  who  quench 
Davis'  hell-fire  wild  and  Archer's? 
The  First  Corps  fought  the  field,  and  filled  the  trench  ( 


Mute  Seminary  there, 

Filled  once  with  resonant  hymn  and  prayer, 
How  your  meek  walls  and  windows  shuddered  then  ! 

Though  Doubleday  stemmed  the  flood, 
McPherson's  Wood  and  Willoughby's  Run 
Saw  ere  the  set  of  sun 
The  light  of  the  gospel  of  blood. 
And,  on  the  morrow  again, 
Loud  the  unholy  psalm  of  battle 

Burst  from  the  tortured  Devil's  Den, 
In  cries  of  men  and  musketry  rattle 
Mixed  with  the  helpless  bellow  of  cattle 
Torn  by  artillery,  clown  in  the  glen  ; 
While,  hurtling  through  the  branches 
Of  the  orchard  by  the  road, 
Where  Sickles  and  Birney  were  walled  with  steel, 

Shot  fiery  avalanches 

That  shivered  hope  and  made  the  sturdiest  reel. 
Yet  peach-bloom  bright  as  April  saw 

Blushed  there  anew,  in  blood  that  flowed 
O'er   faces  white  with  death-dealt  awe ; 

And  ruddy  flowers  of  warfare  grew 
Where  withering  winds  as  of  the  desert  blew, 
Far  at  the  right,  when  Ewell  and  Early, 
Plunging  at  Wadsworth  aud  Slocum  and  Greene, 
Thundered  in  onslaught  consummate  and  surly, 

Till  trembling  nightfall  crept  between 

And  whispered  of  rest  from  the  heat  of  the  whelming  strife. 
But  unto  those  forsaken  of  ]ife 
What  has  the  night  to  say? 
Crushed  in  a  costly  dew  they  lie, 
Silent  beneath  the  moony  sky, 
Freed  from  earth's  dull  tyranny. 


Once  more  the  sun  deploys  his  rays  : 
Third  in  the  trilogy  of  battle  days 
The  awful  Friday  comes ; 

•«  *  *  * 


y'OO  THE    NINTH    NEW    YORK.  1888 

All  is  quiet  till  one  o'clock  ; 
Then  the  hundred  and  fifty  guns, 
Metal  loaded  with  metal  in  tons, 
Massed  by  Lee,  send  out  their  shock. 
And  with  a  movement  magnificent, 
Pickett,  the  golden  haired  leader, 
Thousands  and  thousands  flings  onward,  as  if  he  sent 

Merely  a  meek  intercede!'. 
Steadily  sure  his  division  advances. 
Gay  as  the  light  on  its  weapons  that  dances, 

Agonized  screams  of  the  shell 

The  doom  that  it  carries  foretell  : 
Rifle  balls  whistle,  like  sea  birds  singing ; 
Limbs  are  severed,  and  souls  set    winging  ; 

Yet  Pickett's  warriors  never  waver. 
Show  me  in  all  the  world  anything  braver 
Than  the  bold  sweep  of  his  fearless  battalions. 

Three  half-miles  over  ground  unsheltered 

Up  to  the  cannon,  where  regiments  weltered 
Prone  in  the  batteries   blast  that  raked 
Swaths  of  men,  and  flame-tongued  drank 
Their  blood  with  eager  thirst  unslaked. 

Armistead,  Kemper  and  Pettigrew 
Rush  on  the  Union  men,  rank  against  rank. 
Planting  their  battle-flags  high  on  the  crest. 
Pause  not  the  soldiers,  nor  dream  they  of  rest. 
Till  they  fall  with  their  enemy's  guns  at  the  breast 
And  the  shriek  in  their  ears  of  the  wounded  artillery  stallions. 

So  Pickett  charged,  a  man  indued 
With  knightly  power  to  lead  a  multitude 
And  bring  to  fame  the  scarred  surviving  few. 

In  vain  the  mighty  endeavor  ; 
In  vain  the  immortal  valor  ; 
In  vain  the  insurgent  life  outpoured  ! 
Down  went  that  line,  'neath  fire  and  sword, 
Its  bright  hope  blanched  with  sudden  pallor. 
But  Meade  stood  firm ;  and  volley  on  volley  roared 
"  Triumphant  Union  soon  to  be  restored, 
Strong  to  defy  all  foes  and  fears  forever  !" 
The  Ridge  was  wreathed  with  angry  fire 
As  flames  rise  round  a  martyr's  stake  ; 
Heroes  were  offered  on  that  pyre, 

Who  perished  for  our  dear  land's  sake. 
Far  up  in  heaven  the  gray  clouds  flew 
And  mingled  with  the  deathless  blue  ; 
While  here,  below,  the  blue  and  gray 
Melted  mingling  away, 
Mirroring  heaven  to  make  another  day. 


1 888  EXTRACTS     FROM    POEM.  7OI 

And  we,  who  are  Americans,  we  pray 

The  splendor  of  strength  that  Gettysburg  knew 
May  light  the  long  generations  with  glorious  ray, 
And  keep  us  undyingly  true  ! 

***** 

Dear  are  the  dead  we  weep  for  ; 

Dear  are  the  strong  hearts  broken  ! 
Proudly  their  memory  we  keep  for 

Our  help  and  hope  ;  a  token 
Of  sacred  thought  too  deep  for 

Words  that  leave  it  unspoken. 
All  that  we  know  of  fairest. 

All  that  we  have  of  meetest, 
Here  we  lay  down  for  the  rarest 
Doers  whose  souls  rose  fleetest 
And  in  homes  of  air  rest, 

Ranked  with  the  truest  and  sweetest. 
Days,  with  fiery-hearted,  bold  advances  ; 

Nights  in  dim  and  shadowy,  swift  retreat; 
Rains  that  rush  with  bright,  embattled  lances  • 

Thunder,  booming  round  your  stirless  feet ; — 
Winds  that  set  the  orchard  with  sweet  fancies 

All  abloom,  or  ripple  the  ripening  wheat  : 
Moonlight,  starlight,  on  your  mute  graves  falling ; 

Dew,  distilled  as  tears  unbidden  flow ; — 
Dust  of  drought  in  drifts  and  layers  crawling  ; 

Lulling  dreams  of  softly  whispering  snow  ; 
Happy  birds,  from  leafy  coverts  calling ; — 

These  go  on,  yet  none  of  these  you  know  ; 
Hearing  not  our  human  voices 
Speaking  to  you  all  in  vain, 
Nor  the  psalm  of  a  land  that  rejoices, 

Ringing  from  churches  and  cities  and  foundries  a  mighty  refrain ! 
But  the  sun  and  the  birds,  and  the  frost,  and  the  breezes  that  blow 
When  tempests  are  striving  and  lightnings  of  heaven  are  spent, 
With  one  consent 
Make  unto  them 
Who  died  for  us  eternal  requiem  ! 

s 

Two  hostile  bullets  in  mid-air 
Together  shocked, 
And  swift  were  locked 
Forever  in  a  firm  embrace. 
Then  let  us  men  have  so  much  grace 
To  take  the  bullets'  place, 
And  learn  that  we  are  held 
By  laws  that  weld 
Our  hearts  together  ! 


7O2  THE    NINTH    NEW    YORK.  1888 

As  once  we  battled  hand  to  hand, 
So  hand  in  hand  to-day  we  stand, 
Sworn  to  each  other, 
Brother  and  brother. 

In  storm  and  mist,  or  calm,  translucent  weather  : 
And  Gettysburg's  guns,  with  their  death-giving  roar, 
Echoed  from  ocean  to  ocean,  shall  pour 
Quickening  life  to  the  nation's  core  ; 

Filling  our  minds  again 
With'the  spirit  of  those  who  wrought  in  the  Field  of  the  Flowers  of  Men. 

Mr.  Curtis  was  then  introduced  and  the  veterans  cheered. 
The  Editor  of  the  "  Easy  Chair"  stood  up  alongside  of  the  plat 
form  rails,  holding  tiny  slips  of  his  address  in  his  right  hand 
and  half-spoke,  half-read  his  gracefully  .phrased  oration.  The 
scene  was  an  inspiring  one  and  the  speaker  felt  it.  The 
beautiful  valley  lay  below,  seen  through  the  trees.  The  lawn 
stretched  out  on  every  side  to  rows  of  pine  trees  that  shade  the 
burial  plots,  and  over  the  tops  of  the  firs  and  evergreens  shone 
the  splendid  image  of  victory  on  the  National  monument,  its 
marble  outlines  glittering  in  the  sun.  The  vast  audience  was 
perfectly  still,  and  the  orator's  voice,  husky  at  first,  grew  grad 
ually  firm  and  strong  till  one  could  hear  it  one  hundred  yards 
away.  There  was  frequent  applause  from  the  crowd  and  the 
rostrum  at  the  many  simple  and  beautiful  turns  of  Mr.  Curtis's 
speech,  and  he  was  warmly  congratulated  when  he  sat  down. 
Here  is  a  part  of  what  he  said,  which  we  cull  from  the  report 
in  the  New  York  Herald  : 

Even  the  civil  war  has  but  quickened  and  deepened  our  prosperous  activities.  Like 
spring  touched  mountains  of  snow  melting  quietly  into  the  earth,  moistening  and 
fructifying  the  seed  eager  for  the  harvest,  so  tho?e  mighty  armies  of  the  blue  and  the 
gray  marshall  for  the  warfare  of  a  generation,  if  such  had  been  decreed,  swiftly 
and  noiselessly  disappeared,  and  all  that  military  energy  and  discipline  and  skill, 
streaming  into  a  thousand  industries,  are  as  beneficent  in  peace  as  they  were  terrible 
in  war.  What  prouder  spectacle  is  there  for  America,  what  vision  could  more  worthily 
stimulate  devout  gratitude  in  every  American  heart,  than  that  of  the  States  south  of 
the  Potomac  which,  after  the  fierce  and  wasting  stress  of  four  years  of  war  upon  their 
soil,  after  the  total  overthrow  of  their  ancient  industrial  system,  the  destruction  of 
their  wealth,  the  complete  paralysis  of  their  business  energies,  are  rising  together  like 
a  brood  of  Titans,  and  under  the  inspiration  of  liberty,  peace  and  assured  union,  are 
renewing  the  wonderful  tale  of  the  earlier  years  of  the  century,  the  progress  and 
development  of  the  Great  West?  The  power  and  resource  of  those  States  in  war 


1888  GEORGE    WILLIAM    CURTIS.  703 

seem  to  have  revealed  to  them  their  unexpected  skill  and  force  in  peace.  The  vigor, 
the  tenacity,  the  ability  that  contested  victory  upon  this  field  for  those  three  famous 
days  are  now  working  the  greater  miracles  of  industrial  enterprise.  Never  before  was 
the  sword  beaten  into  so  vast  a  ploughshare  nor  the  spear  into  so  prodigious  a  pruning 
hook. 

The  world's  imperial  deposit  of  iron  has  lain  dormant  for  ages  between  the  coal 
and  the  limestone  of  Alabama,  but  only  now  has  it  proved  more  precious  than  a  gold 
mine.  From  the  war  desolated  wilderness  cities  have  suddenly  sprung,  humming 
with  workshops  and  a  hundred  trades,  and  startled  Pennsylvania  hears  and  wonders 
while  Alabama  and  Georgia  smile  in  rivalry,  and  the  flaring  furnaces  of  Tennessee 
challenge  the  ancient  fires  of  the  Lehigh  and  the  Alleghanies.  South  Carolina  nearly 
doubles  her  manufactured  products  in  seven  years,  and  this  year  they  will  nearly  equal 
in  value  all  the  crops  of  the  State,  including  rice  and  cotton.  In  seven  years  the  as 
sessed  valuation  of  property  in  the  twelve  old  Southern  States  has  advanced  nearly 
one-third,  while  the  rate  of  taxation  is  diminished.  Thousands  of  new  industries, 
mining,  manufacturing,  commercial  and  agricultural,  arise  as  in  a  newly  discovered 
or  Jately  settled  land.  To  facilitate  every  enterprise  railroads,  thoroughly  appointed, 
penetrate  the  remotest  valleys.  The  watercourses  are  richly  burdened  with  a  freight 
hitherto  unknown,  and  with  new  industries  greater  skill  satisfies  more  various  de 
mands,  opens  wider  commercial  connections  and  more  intimate  social  relations,  and 
establishes  a  higher  and  more  opulent  civilization.  In  all  this  glittering  panorama  the 
happiest  incident  is  due  directly  to  the  war.  It  is  the  blending  of  the  capital,  the 
people,  the  energy,  the  experience,  the  skill  and  conviction  of  other  States  with  those 
of  the  Southern  States  which  has  produced  this  great  result.  Before  the  war  this  was 
impossible.  Ever  deepening  doubt  and  angrier  divergence  had  consumed  the  heart 
of  the  Union  and  only  its  form  remained.  This  universal  confidence  and  co-opera 
tion,  therefore,  are  in  the  truest  sense  the  fruits  of  union.  But  fairer  than  all  these,  as 
this  smile  of  prosperity  broadens  over  the  awakening  States,  is  the  fact  that  labor 
itself  becomes  free  and  slaves  are  transformed  to  citizens.  Free  labor  produces  the 
great  Southern  staples  as  ample  as  before  and  is  welcomed  to  the  new  industries.  It 
pays  taxes  on  property  of  its  own  valued  at  nearly  one  hundred  millions  of  dollars, 
while  for  the  children  of  former  slaves  there  are  nearly  twenty  thousand  schools  of 
every  degree,  with  an  enrollment  of  more  than  a  million  of  pupils,  and  everywhere  a 
demand  for  education  and  a  public  disposition  to  gratify  it  hitherto  unprecedented. 

This  new  birth  of  freedom  is  the  noblest  aspect  of  the  spectacle.  The  splendor 
of  material  progress  may  easily  delude  and  betray  with  its  fond  and  flattering  caress. 
But  it  is  not  in  such  details  alone  that  the  promise  of  any  people  is  to  be  discerned.  It 
is  not  great  mines  only,  and  factories  and  farms,  that  make  great  nations.  The  patriot 
looks  to  see  churches  and  schools  and  libraries ;  he  studies  the  decreasing  records  of 
crime  ;  he  marks  the  growing  respect  for  common  rights,  the  evidences  of  public 
spirit,  the  moral  qualities,  the  progressive  political  tendencies  and  higher  standards  of 
life  among  a  people  before  lie  counts  the  spindles  and  the  cotton  bales,  if  he  would 
cast  aright  their  horoscope  and  fortell  their  future.  The  appearance  of  such  signs 
under  complicated  and  unprecedented  conditions,  conditions  which  no  other  States 
in  history  ever  knew.-he  sees  with  hope  and  pride  amid  this  vast  industrial  revival. 
The  full  fruition,  indeed,  is  not  yet.  But  if  some  impatient  observer,  eager  that  the 
surely  ripening  harvest  shall  be  reaped  before  its  golden  prime,  exclaims  angrily  that 
nothing  has  been  done  because  so  much  remains  to  do,  let  his  answer  be  that  of  the 


704  THE    NINTH    NEW    YORK.  1888 

wise  general  to  his  young  lieutenant  who  burned  for  victory  and  thought  the  troops 
too  slow,  "  'Tis  an  awfully  rough  road,  my  boy :  give  them  time,  give  them  time  !  " 

Not  easily  nor  rapidly  can  the  passions  sprung  from  bitter  local  differences,  and 
cherished  and  strengthened  for  a  generation,  disappear.  Often  in  hot  and  reckless 
protestations  those  dying  emotions  will  break  forth  like  the  distant  muttering  thunder 
of  a  retiring  storm.  But  the  central  fact  is  as  bright  as  a  fixed  star.  The  line  across 
the  Union  drawn  by  the  flaming  sword  of  hostile,  social  and  industrial  institutions, 
and  irreconcilable  theories  of  the  nature  and  powers  of  the  government  itself,  this 
latent  revolution  and  nascent  civil  war,  have  disappeared  forever.  At  the  end  of  a 
hundred  years  the  Union  is  the  sacred,  seamless  garment  of  equal  rights,  of  harmo 
nious  institutions,  of  accordant  views  of  the  government,  in  which  sixty  millions  of 
people  in  thirty-eight  States  are  invincibly  arrayed. 

The  oration  closed  the  official  meeting  of  the  society,  and 
the  great  assemblage  of  veterans  and  their  friends  quietly  dis 
persed.  In  the  evening  a  reception  and  collation  was  given 
by  the  society  at  the  Springs  Hotel,  in  place  of  the  usual  ban 
quet. 

About  nine  o'clock  the  NINTH  regiment  "broke  camp" 
and  marched  to  the  station.  The  train  pulled  out  at  ten,  and 
by  midnight  most  of  the  men  were  asleep  in  their  seats  and  did 
not  wake  up  until  the  train  reached  Jersey  City,  at  nine  o'clock 
on  the  morning  of  the  4th. 

By  previous  arrangement,  breakfast  was  ready  for  the  men, 
after  partaking  of  which  they  boarded  a  ferry-boat  and  were 
soon  landed  at  the  foot  of  West  Twenty-second  Street.  The 
march  to  the  armory  occupied  but  a  short  time,  where  they 
were  dismissed  after  a  few  words  from  Colonel  Seward,  who 
thanked  them  for  the  good  behavior  maintained  during  the 
trip. 

In  a  subsequent  order  the  Colonel  said  : 


"The  Commandant  of  the  Regiment  takes  this  occasion  to  congratulate  the  organ 
ization  on  the  record  made  during  the  recent  trip  to  Gettysburg,  and  the  opportunity 
afforded  to  assure  the  authorities  of  its  reliability  to  do  its  whole  duty  in  upholding  the 
laws  and  maintaining  order  as  did  its  former  members,  so  many  of  whom  laid  down 
their  lives  in  testimony  of  their  faithfulness. 

"  The  following  extracts  from  letters  received  by  your  Commandant  cannot  but  be 
gratifying  to  every  member  and  friend  of  the  NINTH  regiment. 

"  From  General  King,  the  Recording  Secretary  of  the  Society  of  the  Army  of  the 
Potomac : 


1 888  BUGLE    CALL.  705 

'"Permit  me  on  behalf  of  the  Society  to  thank  you  and  your  Regiment  for  their 
generous  services  on  the  occasion  and  congratulate  them  and  you  upon  their  excellent 
appearance,  and  upon  the  splendid  impression  which  they  made  upon  all  who  saw 
them.' 

"  From  General  Hastings,  Adjutant-General,  State  of  Pennsylvania  : 

"  '  The  visit  of  your  Regiment  was  one  of  the  many  pleasant  features  of  that  great 
reunion,  and  the  appearance  of  your  splendid  Regiment  had  a  most  interesting  ami 
beneficial  effect  upon  that  portion  of  our  own  National  Guard  which  was  there  to  see 
your  command. 

'"  The  Governor  directs  me  to  send  you  his  compliments  and  to  say  that  he  was 
very  much  gratified  to  have  the  pleasure  of  a  visit  from  your  Regiment  to  the  State, 
and  was  particularly  gratified  that  your  camp  should  be  named  in  his  honor.  I  hope 
that  the  pleasant  acquaintance  made  at  Gettysburg  may  be  continued  for  many  years, 
and  that  we  may  frequently  have  the  pleasure  of  entertaining  yourself  and  your  com 
mand  within  the  borders  of  the  State.'" 


THE  BUGLE  CALL  OF  GETTYSBURG. 

Where  lay  the  lines  of  dark  redoubt 
The  soldiers  lie  in  slumbers  deep  ; 

Night's  sentinels,  the  stars  shine  out 
Above  the  mound  of  those  who  sleep. 

But  at  the  morning's  ruddy  break. 
When  hangs  the  mist — a  silver  pall — 

The  men  of  Gettysburg  awake, 

To  hear  ring  out  the  bugle  call ! — 
Bugle  call 

CHORUS. 

Above  thy  field,  O  Gettysburg, 
The  tears  of  Love  and  Honor  fall ! 

Wake  !  Soldiers,  wake  !  your  slumbers  break  ! 
Ring  out,  ring  out  the  bugle  call ! 

They  rise  from  stoned  vale  and  hill — 

Once  more  in  spectral  ranks  they  form 
Afar  and  near  they  gather  still, 

As  mid  the  battle's  lurid  storm. 
But  now  'tis  Peace,  forever  won, 

And  'mid  the  hush  that  covers  all, 
There  sounds  along  the  line  "  \Ve\\  done  !" 

While  still  rings  out  the  bugle  call  ! — 
Bugle  call. 

CHORUS. 


706  THE    NINTH    NEW    YCRK.  1888 

The  Blue  and  Gray  in  friendship  meet, 

And  o'er  the  storied  field  again 
The  legend  of  the  fight  repeat. 

With  ne'er  a  thought  of  grief  or  pain, 
Till  o'er  the  host  of  human  blest 

The  shadows  of  the  twilight  fall, 
Then  every  spirit  fades  to  rest 

Unto  the  dying  bugle  call ! 
Bugle  call. 

CHORUS. 


ROLL    CALL.  707 


REGISTER  OF  THE  VETERANS 

PRESENT  AT  THE  DEDICATION  OF  THE  MONUMENT  AT  GETTYSBURG. 

Field  and  Staff. 

John  Hendrickson,  Henry  V.  Williamson  and  Alfred  C. 
Roe. 

Company  A. 

Joseph  A.  Bluxome,*  John  D.  Moore  and  George  H. 
Schofield. 

Company  B. 

Henry  N.  Dunnell,*  Edward  Krollpfeiffer,*  Henry  Leisinger 
and  Jacob  Mangold,  Jr. 

Company  C. 

George  O.  Hirst,  James  N.  Lewis,  William  H.  Miller, 
William  T.  Peach,*  John  T.  Pryer,  Theodore  L.  Roz*  and 
Henry  R.  Thorpe. 

Company  D. 

James  T.  Brinckerhoff,  John  B.  Dolan,  Phillip  Engel,* 
Alexander  Leslie,  T.  M.  Molleson,  Theodore  G.  Mosher, 
Jacob  Ritschy,  John  G.  Taylor  and  Robert  H.  White. 

Company  E. 

Bernard  Armbruster,*  Robert  F.  Cooke,  Alphonse  Le  Roy, 
Samuel  S.  Patterson,  Edward  G.  Royce,  Edward  Shanly,  John 
R.  Simpson,*  Archibald  Stewart  and  Joseph  J.  Trittenback. 

Company  F. 

Samuel  Berry,  Eugene  Bissell.  George  Bohnenberger, 
Charles  R.  Braine,  James  S.  Burtis,  Stephen  M.  Crandell, 
Samuel  C.  Frazee,  James  R.  Halliday,  Thomas  L.  Hanna,  Wm. 
L.  Heermance,  Hiram  L.  Hunt,  Wm.  B.  Osborn,  George  W. 


7O8  THE    NINTH    NEW    YORK.  1888 

Pancoast,  William  Scott,  Daniel  Simmons,  John  H.  Van  Wyck 
Wm.  E.  Van  Wyck  and  John  H.  Wood.* 

Company  G. 

Thomas  G.  Brewer,* Harvey  B.Denison,  C.  V.  G.  Forbes, 
Matthew  S.  Gregory,  Sayers  Hadley,  James  H.  Hoyt,  James 
M.  Lacoste,  Cyrus  C.  Murray,  John  A.  Norman,  George  E. 
Shafford,  Augustus  Stroh,*  Wm.  R.  Vail  and  Theodore  W. 
Vandegrift. 

Company  H. 

Joseph  W.  Adee,  John  L.  Baker,  David  Devlin,  Joseph 
Devlin,  James  Devine,*  George  Drew,  Joseph  T.  Hallock,. 
James  F.  Kelly,*  John  T.  Lockman,  Frank  Martin,  Charles 
Skeat  and  James  Slater.* 

Company  I. 

Benjamin  F.  Bowne,  Michael  T.  Burke,  Chas.  L.  Hous- 
man,*  George  A.  Hussey,  Henry  F.  Hunteman,  Joseph  T. 
Riker,*  Walter  Scott,  Ralph  Shorrock  and  Simon  Straus.* 

Company  L  (A'). 

James  B.  Carter,  Wm.  A.  Graham,  Augustus  W.  Meade, 
James  A.  Mulligan,*  Chester  H.  Southworth  and  Bird  W. 
Spencer.* 

FOOT  NOTE. — An  asterisk  (*)  opposite  a  name  is  to  signify  a  member  who  served  in 
the  State  of  New  York,  all  others  in  that  of  the  United  States  during  the  war,  1861 
-1865. 


1888  PRESENT    AT    GETTYSBURG.  709 


REGISTER  OF  THE  GUESTS.* 

Messrs.  L.  Frank  Barry,*  Samuel  S.  Bent,  Bernhard  Bopp, 
Augustus  W.  Colwell,*  Philip  Corell,*  John  Gallagher,  A.  C. 
Hascy,  G.  R.  Hendrickson,  T.  F.  Hines,  John  G.  Jenny,  John 
Jeroloman,  Thos.  E.  Jones,  Thomas  Lyons,  Roland  B.  Ma- 
hany,  J.  G.  Mitchell,  A.  D.  Peeken,  F.  I.  Perry,  Orlando  B. 
Potter,  George  W.  Roberts,*  Charles  G.  Rowan,*  Joseph 
Saunders,  John  D.  Shorrock,  Thos.  E.  Slater,*  Cornelius  Ten- 
Eick,*  William  Todd,*  F.  G.  Urner,  E.  VV.  Vanclenschoten, 
M.  Vreeland  A.  V.  White,  Charles  Winter,  C.  A.  Winter  and 
19  ladies. 

Posts  No.  135  and  182,  Grand  Army  of  the  Republic,  and 
Veterans  of  the  6ist  N.  Y.  Vols.  were  present  to  the  number 
of  62. 

The  pilgrims  numbered  in  all  205. 

FOOT  NOTE. — The  names  marked  with  an  asterisk  (*)  are  to  indicate  those  who 
served  during  the  war,  1861-1865,  but  not  in  the  NINTH  regiment. 


7IQ  THE    NINTH    NEW    YORK.  1888 


REGISTER    OF  THE    COMMISSIONED    OFFICERS 

AND  STRENGTH  OF  THE  COMPANIES. 

July  4,  1888. 
Field  ami  Staff. 

Colonel  Wm.  Seward,  Jr.,  Lieut-Col.  Thos.   B.    Rand, 
Adjutant  Yellott  D.  Dechert, 

Surgeon  Alvah  H.  Doty,  Ass't  Surgeon  C.  Newton  Thomp 
son,  Capt.  and  I.  R.  P.  Kasson  C.  Gibson,  ist  Lieut,  and  O. 
M.  Dana  B.  Pratt,  ist  Lieut,  and  Commissary  George  A.  Cle 
ment,  Captain  G.  Henry  Witthaus,  total,  9. 

Company  A. 

Capt.  George  T.  Lorigan,  2nd  Lieut.  Godfrey  A.  S. 
Wieners,  and  85  enlisted  men  ;  total,  87. 

Company  B. 

Capt.  Noah  L.  Cocheu,  2nd  Lieut.  John  W.  West,  and  72 
enlisted  men  ;  total,  74. 

Company  C. 
ist  Lieut.  Chas.  E.  Kohlberger,  and  42  enlisted  men  ;  total, 

43- 

Company  D. 

ist  Lieut.  John  D.  Walton,  2nd  Lieut.  Wauhope  Lynn, 
and  47  enlisted  men  ;  total,  49. 

Company  E. 

Capt.  Sol.  E.  Japha,  ist  Lieut.  Franklin  Bartlett,  and  54 
enlisted  men  ;  total,  56. 

Company  F. 

Capt.  W.  Wolcott  Marks,  ist  Lieut.  Robert  Warrell,  2nd 
Lieut.  Wm.  H.  Ehrman,  and  53  enlisted  men  ;  total  56. 


1888  REGISTER    OF    JULY    FOURTH.  711 

Company   G. 
Capt.  Washington  Willcocks,  and  60  enlisted  men  ;  total, 

61. 

Company  H. 

Capt.  Wm.  R.  Clough,  ist  Lieut.  Jas.  M.  Maconnell,  and 
66  enlisted  men  ;  total  68. 

Company  L 

Capt.  Henry  W.  Leonard,  2nd  Lieut.  Emil  J.  Winterroth, 
and  59  enlisted  men  ;  total,  61. 

Company  K. 

Capt.  Joseph  N.  Billings,  ist  Lieut.  Mack  Hertz,  and  54 
enlisted  men  ;  total,  56. 

Non-Commissioned  Staff, 

Sergt-Major  Walter  H.  Van  Vleck,  Ordnance  Sergt.  Wm. 
Seward,  3d,  Q.  M.  Sergt.  Frank  J.  Higgins,  Comm.-Sergt. 
George  J.  Wiedman,  Hospital  Steward  Henry  C.  Yeager. 
Color  Sergeants,  Chas.  E.  Kelley  and  James  N.  Hill. 
Guides  Phillip  G.  Jeffreys  and  John  H.  Pagan.  Drum  Major 
George  W.  Hill.  Band  Master  Sig.  Luciano Conterno;  total,  1 1. 

Total  strength  of  regiment,  631. 


712 


THE  NINTH  NEW  YORK. 


1888 


INSPECTIONS  OF  THE  REGIMENT. 

1859  TO    1888   INCLUSIVE. 


Colonel. 

Year. 

Present. 

Absent. 

Total. 

Gain. 

Loss. 

Van  Beuren  .  . 
Van  Beuren. 
Stiles  

18  9 
1860 
1861  ]  j 
1863  | 

i863  r 
1864  1 
1864 
1865 
1866 
1867  • 
1868 
1869 
1870 
1871 
1872 

1873 
1874 
1875 
1876 
1877 
1878 
1879 

1880 

1881 
1882 
1883 
1884 
1885 
1886 
1887 
1888 

Total  

1  80 
230 

i  the  Servic 
June  23, 

2,278 
105 
356 
484 

392 
380 
268 
686 
722 
501 
540 
472 
766 
804 
907 
722 
699 
692 

553 
478 
503 
435 
437 
404 

399 
468 

81 

54 

e  of  the  Ui 
1864. 

106 

64 

201 
149 
1  08 
142 

78 

63 
119 

55 
72 

65 
92 
60 

87 
105 
109 

175 
204 

'3" 

•59 
i75 
151 
161 

167 

261 
284 

lited   States 
2,278 

21  I 
42O 
685 

541 
488 
4IO 
764 

785 
620 

595 
544 
831 
896 
967 
809 
804 
80  1 
728 
682 
638 

594 
612 

555 
560 

635 

23 
from  June 

1.994 

209 

265 

354 

21 

287 
65 
71 

is 

5 
75 

-  8,  1861,  to 

2,067 

144 

53 
78 

165 
25 
5i 

158 

5 
3 
73 
46 

44 
44 

57 

Hendrickson.. 
Moesch  

Moesch  

Wilcox  

Wilcox.  .  . 

Wilcox  

Wilcox  

Wilcox  

Wilcox   

Fisk  

Fisk  

Braine  

Braine  

Braine  .. 

Hitchcock.  .  .  . 
Hitchcock.  .  .  . 
Hitchcock.  .  .  . 
Hitchcock.  .  .  . 
Ryder  

Ryder  

Ryder  

Seward  

Seward    

Seward  
Seward  ...    . 

Seward  

Seward 

Seward  

Grand 

15,861 

3-137 

18,998 

3.387 

3.oi3 

1888  REGISTER    OF    OFFICERS,     1859-1888.  713 


REGISTER  OF  THE  COMMISSIONED  OFFICERS* 
OF  THE  NINTH  REGIMENT 

N.    V.   S.    M. N.  G.   S.   N.    Y. 

1859—1888. 

Field  and  Staff. 

COLONELS. 

Michael  M.  Van  Beuren,  1859;  Jo]in  W.  Davis,  1863; 
John  H.  Wilcox,  1864;  James  Fisk,  Jr.,  1870;  Charles  R. 
Braine,  1872  ;  James  R.  Hitchcock,  1875  ;  S.  Oscar  Ryder, 
1879;  William  Seward,  Jr.,  1882. 

LIEUTENANT-COLONELS. 

Thomas  T.  Ferris,  1859  '>  Allan  Rutherford,  1863  ;  Moses 
P.  L.  Montgomery,  1875;  Thomas  B.  Rand,  1884. 

MAJORS. 

William  H.  Hallick,  1859  I  Ralph  A.  Lanning,  1865  ; 
Charles  S.  Strong,  1867  ;  Dow  S.  Kittle,  1872  ;  John  T.  Pryer, 
1876;  W.  Boerurn  Wetmore,  1879;  Clifford  A.  H.  Bartlett, 
1884. 

ADJUTANTS. 

Charles  B.  Bostwick,  1859;  Henry  S.  Brooks,  1864; 
Edgar  S.  Allien,  1868;  R.  Livingston  Luckey,  1873;  Charles 
L.  Housman,  1879  ;  Yellott  D.  Dechert,  1884. 

QUARTERMASTERS. 

Alexander  Henriques,  1859;  Abner  Mellen,  Jr.,  1864;  Jor 
dan  L.  Bailey,  1867;  George  H.  Gilbert,  1872;  Ralph  W. 
Booth,  Jr.,  1874;  Edgar  F.  Waite,  1876;  Reuben  A.  Britton, 
1879;  Dana  B.  Pratt,  1886. 

*  Showing,  at  the  highest  rank  held,  those  who  were  in  the  service  of  the  State 
of  New  York.  Those  commissioned  in  the  service  of  the  United  States  are  to  be 
found  in  the  war  registers  of  the  regiment. 


714  THE    NINTH    NEW    YORK.  1888 

COMMISSARIES  OF  SUBSISTENCE. 

Theodore  Braine,  1867;  Benjamin- W,  Blanchard,  1870; 
Henry  Harley,  1871  ;  Alonzo  P.  Bacon,  1872  ;  John  H.  Mooney, 
1874;  John  V.  Wheeler,  1879;  W.  Romeyn  Vermilye,  1882  ; 
George  A.  Clement,  1888. 

SURGEONS. 

E.  Willis  Fisher,  1859;  Howard  Pinkney,  1865;  Charles 
W.  Pollard,  1870;  George  \V.  Thompson,  1872;  Stephen  W. 
Roof,  1876:  Alvah  H.  Doty,  1888. 

ASSISTANT  SURGEONS. 

Edward  H.  Andrew,  1860;  J.  Clement  Rushton,  1863; 
George  G.  Needham,  1865  ;  Joseph  E.  Tucker,  1874  ;  George 
B.  Fowler,  1879  ;  ^-  Newton  Thompson,  1888. 

CHAPLAINS. 

Stephen  R.  Baker,  1859;  Edward  H.  Chapin,  1866;  J.  A. 
Spencer,  1870;  Edward  O.  Flagg,  1871  ;  J.  Bradford  Cleavor, 
1875  ;  Edward  C.  Houghton,  1877;  Edward  A.  Reed,  1879. 

RIFLE    INSPECTORS. 

George  E.  Harding,  1875  ;  G.  Henry  Witthaus,  1879  '< 
Kasson  C.  Gibson,  1886. 

PAYMASTERS. 

Henry  L.  King,  1859;  Erastus  Littlefield,  1860;  Henry  L. 
Stevens,  1861. 

ASSISTANT  PAYMASTERS 

Charles  C.  Reed,  1859  ;  Francis  E.  Smith,  1861. 

ENGINEERS. 

Wm.  H.  Field,  1864;  Wm.  Pierre  Stymus,  1865. 

ORDNANCE. 

William  M.  Ashfield,  1861. 

HEADQUARTERS  OF  THE  REGIMENT. 

G.  Henry  Witthaus,  1886. 


1888  REGISTER    OF    OFFICERS.  715 

Company  A. 

CAPTAINS. 

Joseph  H.  Johnson,  1859;  William  I.  Vredenburgh,  1863; 
Charles  F.  Maitland,  1864;  William  C.  Barwis,  1865  ;  Henry 
Miller,  1869;  Thomas  D.  Cottman,  1873;  Thomas  Griffin, 
1879  ;  George  T.  Lorigan,  1883. 

FIRST    LIEUTENANTS. 

George  W.  Carpenter,  1859;  James  Dart,  1860;  Alexan 
der  Me  Cook,  1863;  M.  P.  L.  Montgomery,  1869;  Joseph  A. 
Bluxome,  1874  ;  James  H.  Shorter,  1883  i  Theodore  H.  Swift, 
1884;  William  E.  Cook,  1885. 

SECOND   LIEUTENANTS. 

Frederick  C.  Oakley,  1859;  Chas.  C.  Reed,  1860; 
Henry  A.  Luther,  1860;  John  J.  Knipe,  1865;  Thomas  J. 
Robertson,  1868;  Silas  B.  Treat,  1872  ;  Robert  Coburn,  1879  ; 
Godfrey  A.  S.  Wieners,  1888. 

Company   B. 

CAPTAINS. 

Henry  L.  Robert,  1859  ;  Jas.  R.  Hitchcock,  1864  ; 
Robert  B.  Martin,  1870  ;  John  L.  Burleigh,  1872  ;  William  J. 
Kirkland,  1873  ;  Joseph  J.  Springer,  1881  ;  Noah  L.  Cocheu, 
1884. 

FIRST  LIEUTENANTS. 

Louis  Billon,  1859  5  William  E.  Farrell,  1864  ;  Edward  W. 
Francis,  1870;  Franklin  Coit,  1884;  Henry  Cleveland,  1888. 

SECOND  LIEUTENANTS. 

John  Deppeler,  1859  ;  Francis  Landry,  j86o*  Noah  Loder, 
1867;  Arthur  D.  Chambers,  1871  ;  Valentine  Marsh,  1877; 
James  D.  De  Groot,  1882  ;  William  H.  Anketell,  1884;  John 
W.  West,  1887. 

Company    C. 

CAPTAINS. 

Mansfield  Lovell,  1859;  David  Banks,  Jr.,  1863;  John  P. 
Newkirk,  1864;  Alexander  B.  Davis,  1867;  Henry  A.  Tobias, 


716  THE    NINTH    NEW    YORK.  1888 

1869;  Gustave  A.   Fuller,  1870;  John   C.  C.   Tallman,    1872  ; 
Howard  F.  Kennedy,  1884. 

FIRST  LIEUTENANTS. 

William  H.  Draper,  1865  ;  James  R.  Boyd,  1866  ;  Jacob  W. 
Schmidt,  1867  ;  Edward  Oppenheimer,  1870  ;  Robert  C.  Clapp, 
1883  ;  John  K.  Imlay,  1885. 

SECOND  LIEUTENANTS. 

Charles  E.  Prescott,  1859  5  Henry  C.  Jones,  1863  ; 
Theodore  W.  Myers,  1867;  Dow  S.  Kittle,  1870;  Gilford 
Hurry,  1875  ;  Wright  H.  Remsen,  1885  I  James  G.  McMurray, 
1887. 

Officers  of  Company  C  previous  to  1859  were  : 

CAPTAINS. 

Wm,  M.  McArdle,  1833;  James  Mason,  1853  ;  Thomas  T, 
Ferris,  1854;  N.  B.  La  Bau,  1856  ;  Wm.  H.  Hallick,  1857. 

FIRST  LIEUTENANTS. 

Henry  Spear,  1853  ;  L.  Duncan  Bulkley,  1854  ;  Wm.  C.  H. 
Sherman,  1857. 

SECOND   LIEUTENANTS. 

Saml.  N.  Mondon,  1853  ;  J.  C.  Pollard,  1857;  T.  C.  De 
Luce,  1857. 

Company  D. 

CAPTAINS. 

John  W.  Davis,  1859  ;  Ralph  A.  Lanning,  1863  ;  Robt.  P. 
Courtney,  1869;  Edward  S.  Bowlend,  1872;  George  Auld, 
1875  ;  Isaac  H.  West,  1880;  Joseph  A.  Carberry,  1883  ;  Theo 
dore  H.  Swift,  1885  ;  John  D.  Walton,  1888. 

FIRST  LIEUTENANTS. 

Edmund  R.  Greene,  1859;  Daniel  W.  Lee,  1865;  Alfred  J. 
Theriott,  1869  ;  Frederick  F.  Valentine,  1872  ;  James  Hender 
son,  1875  ;  George  B.  Cobb,  1877  I  Jacob  W.  Hitchcock,  1878  ; 
Frank  E.  GaNun,  1883. 

SECOND  LIEUTENANTS. 
William    F.    Henry,    1859;     William    E.    Jackson,    1859; 


1888  REGISTER    OF    OFFICERS.  717 

William  H.  Field,  1860  ;  John  S.  Stryker,  1865  ;  Joseph  B. 
Pollock,  1867;  William  Hill,  1872;  Thomas  H.  Knight,  1876; 
John  H.  King,  1883  ;  Wauhope  Lynn,  1888. 

Company  E. 

CAPTAINS. 

William  Atterbury,  1859  5  Jonn  T.  Gaffney,  1865  ;  Henry 
S.  Brooks,  1866  ;  William  H.  Caclwell,  1870  ;  Robert  B.  Cable, 
1871  ;  Moses  P.  L.  Montgomery,  1872  ;  Sol.  E.  Japha,  1875. 

FIRST  LIEUTENANTS. 

John  B.  Coppinger,  1859  ;  John  Meeks,  Jr.,  1859  I  Joseph 
McDonald,  1865  ;  John  A.  Lennon,  1869  ;  Edward  S.  Lewis, 
1870;  Benjamin  H.  Herts,  1873;  Samuel  L.  Kittle,  1879; 
Franklin  Bartlett,  1884. 

SECOND  LIEUTENANTS. 

Edward  P.  Sanderson,  1859  ;  John  S.  Huyler,  1867  ;  Louis 
C.  Hammersley,  1868;  George  W.  Palfrey,  1871;  Michael 
J.  Ban  man,  1876. 

Company  F. 

CAPTAINS. 

Allan  Rutherford,  1860;  Chas.  S.  Strong,  1863;  William 
E.  Van  Wyck,  1867  ;  John  H.  Wood,  1872  ;  William  P.  Wal 
ton,  1875  ;  William  Wolcott  Marks,  1886. 

FIRST  LIEUTENANTS. 

Edward  Thorn,  1860;  Saml.  J.  Glassey,  1865;  Henry  A. 
Tobias,  1869;  Joseph  A.  Bluxome,  1874*  Maurice  A.  Herts, 
1875  ;  Robert  Warrell,  1886. 

SECOND  LIEUTENANTS. 

Chas.  B.  Braine,  1860;  John  J.  Knipe,  1865  ;  William  H. 
King,  1870;  John  A.  Millard,  1873;  Ferris  P.  L.  DeGroot, 
1875;  George  B.  Browne,  1877;  John  W.  Bennett,  1879; 
James  O'Neil,  1884;  William  H.  Ehrman,  1886. 

Company   G. 

CAPTAINS. 

Dabney  W.  Diggs,  1864;  John  T.  Pryer,  1867  ;  Reuben  A. 
Britton,  1876  ;  Ferris  P.  L.  DeGroot,  1879  '>  George  B.  Browne, 


THE    NINTH    NEW    YORK.  1888 

1882  ;  George  A.  Hussey,  1883  ;  James  R.  Byrd,  1885  ;  Alfred 
Chamberlain,  1886;   Washington  Willcocks,  1887. 

FIRST    LIEUTENANTS. 

Gilbert  S.  King,  1864  ;  John  A.  Norman,  1867  ;  Jas.  F.  J. 
Gunning,  1868;  Harvey  B.  Denison,  1872  ;  James  L.Denison, 
1879;  Fredericks.  Rice,  1882;  Herbert  C.  Taylor,  1888. 

SECOND  LIEUTENANTS. 

Benj.  T.  Martin,  1864;  Joseph  F.  Swords,  1867;  David 
Wolff,  1869;  Oliver  G.  Prescott,  1874;  Peter  J.  Babcock, 
1877. 

Company  H. 

CAPTAINS. 

James  O.  Johnston,  1864;  Robert  B.  Young,  1867;  John 
Raper,  1867;  Chas.  M.Schieffelin,  1869;  Dow  S.  Kittle,  1870; 
James  Slater,  1872;  Isaac  E.  Hoagland,  1874;  George  W. 
Homans,  1877  ;  Henry  G.  Chapman,  1881  ;  Wm.  R.  Clough, 
1885;  Frank  A.  Gale,  1888. 

FIRST   LIEUTENANTS. 

William  C.  Barwis,  1864;  Milton  Benjamin,  1867;  John  F. 
Smith,  1869  ;  George  Auld,  1873  ;  William  A.  Thompson  1875  > 
George  B.  Campbell,  1878  ;  Jas.  M.  Maconnell,  1888. 

SECOND  LIEUTENANTS. 

John  A.  Phillips,  1869;  Horatio  B.  McComber,  1878  ; 
Danl.  A.  Skinnell,  1882  ;  Emile  J.  Winterroth,  1888. 

Company  /. 

CAPTAINS. 

John  Dalrymple,  1866  ;  Eugene  Durnin,  1867  ;  Arthur 
Blaney,  1868;  George  A.  Hussey,  1873  ;  Walter  Scott,  1882  ; 
Henry  W.  Leonard,  1885. 

FIRST  LIEUTENANTS. 

John  I.  Van  Alst,  Jr.,  1866;  Edward  H.  Andrew,  1868;  Wm. 
R.  McDonald,  1870;  Wm.  J.  Leckler,  1873;  E.Cleveland 
Wells,  1882  ;  Chas.  E.  Kohlberger,  1886. 


1888  REGISTER  OF  OFFICERS.  719 

SECOND  LIEUTENANTS. 

Geo.  W.  J.  Cole,  1868;  Noah  Loder,  1869;  Jas.  J.  DeBarry, 
1870;  Thos.  D.  Cottman,  1872;  Richard  W.  Morris,  1873; 
Chas.  L.  Housman,  1875  !  Theodore  F.  Nesbitt,  1879  ;  Franklin 
T.  Morgan,  1884;  Emile  J.  Winterroth,  1887. 

Company  K. 

CAPTAINS. 

Geo.W.  Lyon,  1866;  Wm.  D.Wood,  1867;  Bird  W.  Spencer, 
1870;  Jas.  A.  Mulligan,  1876;  Joseph  N.  Billings,  1887. 

FIRST  LIEUTENANTS. 

Chas.  O.  Terry,  1866;  Francis  F.  Stone,  1867;  Robt.  B. 
Cable,  1870  ;  Alonzo  P.  Bacon,  1871  ;  Joseph  P.  Hertzler,  1876; 
George  F.  Shrady,  Jr.,  1881  ;  Mack  Hertz,  1888. 

SECOND  LIEUTENANTS. 

George  Pancoast,  1866;  Stillman  F.  Kneeland,  1877; 
Edgar  Willson,  1879;  Edgar  C.  Wells,  1881  ;  Theodore  S. 
Croft,  1884. 


INDEX. 


Abercrombie,  John  J.  .71,  111-2,  117,  119, 

126,   143 

ACCOUNT    OF    THE    SURREN 
DER  OF  THE  C.  S.  A.,  by  \VM. 

MAHONE 379-382 

Acker,  Abijah 641 

ACTIVES      ENTERTAIN      THE 

VETERANS,  in  1886 631-6 

Adams,  Edwin 527 

Adams,  N.  E 517 

Adams,  \Villiam 588 

Aims,  Francis  G 87,  88 

ALABAMA  TROOPS. 

Confed.,  Infantry,  i  \th 115 

Alexander,  E.  Porter 276 

ALEXIS,  GRAND  DUKE,  reception 

of 559-6o 

Allen,  Colonel 560 

Allen,  George  E 231 

Allen,  Lieut.-Colonel.    307 

Allen,  William  B 560,  563-4 

Allien,  Edgar  S.  .  514,  537-8,  553,  564,  571, 

573 

Anderson,  David  W 47,  59 

Anderson,  George  S   675 

Anderson,  John  \V 15 

Anderson,  Richard    H. .  1 86,"  330-1,   342, 

380 

Anderson,  Robert 24-5,  514,  568 

Andrew,  Edward  H 29 

Andrew,  John  A 240 

ANTIETAM       AND       GETTYS 
BURG,  pilgrimage  to,  in  1886.  .638-42 

Arkenburg,  Oliver  M 664 

Armisteacl,  Lewis  A 275,  280-1,  283 

ARMY      OF     THE      POTOMAC, 
SOCIETY  OF,  reunion  in  1888.. 689- 

704 


PAGE- 
ARMY   SONGS  AND   POETRY..  390- 

399 

Arnold,  William  A 278-9 

Arthur,  Benjamin  F 21 

Ashby,  Turner in 

Aspinwall,  Lloyd 510-2,  607 

Aspinwall,  William   H ....    559 

At  Fort  Hamilton,  Company  C 18-9 

Atterbury,  William.  .  11,  29,  52-3,  63,  90, 
93,  1 17-8,  154,  2o6> 

Augur,  Christopher  C 119 

Auld,  George 590,  595 

Austin,  David  E 560 

Babcock,  Peter  J 598 

Bachelder,  John  B 690 

Bacon,  Alonzo  T 521,  535 

Badeau,  Adarn 324,  341 

Baker,  Edward  D 75~7,  84 

Baker,  John  L 647 

Baker,  Lorenzo  F 584, 

Ballou,  M.  M 542 

Banks,  David,  Jr 27,  506 

Banks,  John  E 55 

Banks,  Nathaniel  P.  .04,  67,  71-2,  74,  78, 
81-2,  86,  93,  99,  104-6,  H2,  122,  129, 131, 
134,  137,  140,  142-3,  155-6,  168,  184,  319 

Barker,  Charles  H 653 

Barksdale,  William 221 

Barlcw,  Francis  C 268 

Barlow,  Joseph  R.  K 616 

Barnes,  W7illiam  J 287 

Barney,  Hiram 56^ 

Barnum,  Henry  A 606,  690,  697 

Barnum,  Henry  C 350 

Barr,  Colonel 545 

Bartlett,  Clifford  A.  H..62I,  625,  652-3, 

658-9,  669 

[721] 


722 


INDEX. 


Bartlett,  Franklin 6  i 

Barwis,  Henry  C 507 

Batchelder.  Richard  N 383 

Bates,  Adjutant 533 

Bates,  James  L.  145,  329-30,  333,  339,  342 
BATTLE— RECORD. 

HARPER'S  FERRY,  VA.,i86i      54 

BALLS  BLUFF,   VA 76-8 

CEDAR  MOUNTAIN,  VA...  156-7 

BULL  RUN,  VA.,  1862 172-7 

SOUTH  MOUNTAIN,  MD..  1 89-90 

ANTIETAM,  MD 191-200 

FREDERICKSBURG,  VA....220- 

32 
CHANCELLORSVILLE,  VA.  246- 

5° 

GETTYSBURG,  PA 268-88 

MINE  RUN,  VA 303-6 

WILDERNESS,  VA 323-8 

LAUREL  HILL,  VA 329-34 

SPOTTSYLVANIA,  VA... .  335-41 

COLD  HARBOR,  VA 346-7 

BATTLES  AND  LOSSES 359 

Baxter's,  Geheral,  report  of  battle  of 

Gettysburg 271 

Baxter,  Henry.  .221,  243,  255,  270-5,  278, 
284,  293-4,  298,  317,  324-7,  333-4 

Bayard,  George  D 155,  213,  215 

Baylor,  Wm.  S.  H 54 

Beauregard,  Gustave  T 24,  42-3 

BEAUTY     AND     BOOTY    PRO 
CLAMATION 43 

Beaver,  James  A.  .670,  672,  690,  692,  694, 

697 

Beckwith,  Silas  J 91 

1  iendix,  John  E 560 

Bennett,  James  Gordon 570 

Benton,  Henry 514 

Berdan,  Hiram 690,  697 

Berry,  Samuel 647 

Bigelow,  John  E 52,  66 

Biggs,  Charles  G 639 

Billings,  Joseph  N 651 

Billon,  Louis 29 

Birdsall,  Andrew  J 654 

Birney,  David  B 178,  223,  305,  326 

Bissell,  Isaac  F 530 

lilack,  William 351 


Blanchard,  Benjamin  W 570 

Blaney,  Arthur 517,  568 

Blauvelt,  Cornelius  J 517 

Blenker,  Louis 1 16,  140,  143 

Bliss,  William  M 566 

Bloss,  John  B .  . 187 

BLUE   AND  THE  GRAY,  reunion 

of,  in  1888 688-704 

Bluxome,  Joseph  A 661 

Bodge,  Surgeon 538 

Bodine,  John   533 

Boker,   Harvey 96 

Bomford,  James  V 569 

Bond's  (Band) 539 

Borrowe,  William  B 566 

Bossieux,  C.  Gray 660,  662-4 

BOSTON,    MASS.,    excursion    to,  in 

1871 534-44 

Bostwick,  Colonel 18 

Bowerman,  Richard  W 334 

Bowlend,  Edward  S 573 

Bowne,  Benjamin  F 294,  353,  641 

Bradley,  G.  W 538 

Brady,  John  R 545 

Bragg,  Braxton 294 

Braine,  Charles  R.  .23,  29,  71,  354,  503-4, 

506,   512,   537,   549-5°.  552,   555,   564, 

566,  568,  572,  575,  577,  580,  632-4,  643, 

648-9,  66 1 

Braine,  D.L 512 

Bramhall,  Walter  M . .  .  •. 59,  82 

Brannan,  J.  M 569 

Brenan,  Joseph 4 

Brennan,  Thomas  S 663 

Breshwood,  Captain 22 

BRIGADE 'LOSSES,  from  May  5th 

to  8th,  1864 334 

Briggs,  C.  R 572 

Briggs,  S.  S.  J 72 

Brigham,  John 90 

Brinker,  Henry 533 

Brockway,  Charles  B 1 1 8 

Brooke,  John  R 333 

Brooks,  Henry  S.  .29,  503-6,  518,  537,633 

Brown,  David  S 649 

Brown,  John 62,  64 

Brown,  John  F 610 

Brown,  J.  H 538 


INDEX. 


723 


Brown,  S.  C 517 

Brown,  T.  Frederick 283 

Brownell,  William  H 656 

Bruen,  Adjutant 533 

Bryan,  Timothy  M 1 1 7-9 

Bryant,  Wm.  Cullen 588 

Brynes,  Thomas  S 550 

Buermeyer,  Henry  E 353,  633,  651 

Buford,  John.  .  ..155,  162,  167,  266-9,  272> 

297,  690 

Bunting,  Thomas  B 58-60,  633 

Burger,  Louis 523~533 

Burke,  Dennis  F 697 

Burke,  Michael  T 71 

Burnham,  Colonel 18 

Burns,  D 550 

Burns,  Patrick 100 

BURNSIDE  to  HALLECK 229-31 

Burnside,  Ambrose  E.  184-5,  IC>2-3-  19^~7< 

213-5,  219-20,  226-7,  -29-  2^6-8,  320, 

3-5-r>.  343,  614 

Burtis,  A.  Martin 72,  139,  307 

Burtis,  James  S 633 

Butler,  Augustus  P 350  ; 

Butler,  Benjamin  F 318* 

Butler,  Edward  VV 54 

Butler,  Sigourney 656 

Butterfield,  Daniel 13,215 

Buxton,  George  1 641 

Cable,  Robert  B 521 

Caffrey,  John 90 

Calder,  A.  P 539 

Caldvvell,  John  C 280 

Caldwell,  Lieutenant 22 

Cameron,  Angus 37,  108,  228,  231 

Cameron,  Simon   72 

Campbell,  George  B 609 

CAMPS  IN  THE  WAR. 

CAMERON,  37-43;  STONE.  49; 
SANFORD,  50;  VAN  BEUREN, 
51  ;HALL,  51  ; STILES,  53;  HAL- 
LICK,  58;  ATTERBURY,  63; 
DAVIS,  65;  RUTHERFORD, 
68;  SMITH,  71-4;  TUTHILL, 
78 :  PRESCOTT,  79-83  ;  CLAAS- 
SEN,  86-103;  STANTON,  127; 
RAPPAHANNOCK 293 


Canby,  Lieutenant 283 

Capen,  R.  S 617 

Carberry,  Joseph  A 655 

Carnochan,  John  M 562 

Carr,  Joseph  B...    592-4,  596-7,  605,  649, 

674,  689,  697 

Carr,  William  S '33 

Carroll,  Charles 67 

Carroll,  Samuel  S 1 56,  327 

Carter,  Frank  F 353 

CASUALTIES  — KILLED         OR 
MORTALLY  WOUNDED,  AND 

DIED  OF  DISEASE.. 358 

Cavanagh,  James 560,  584 

Cavanagh,  Michael 3 

Centennial  Celebration,  July  4,    1876 

583-7 

Chalmers,  William 299,  307,  350 

Chamberlain,  Alfred 651 

Chapin,  Edward  H 511 

Chapman,  C.  R 530 

Chapman,  Henry  G 616-7 

Chave,  William 89 

Chesebrough,  William  H 517,  547 

Chestnut,  James,  Jr 24 

Chicago-Cadets  in  1860 15 

Childs,  George  W 527 

Chilton,  R.  H 186 

Claassen,  Eno  J 69 

Claassen,  Peter  J 69,  70,  86,  90,  131 

Claflin,  Governor 536 

Claflin,  Tennie  C 571 

Clair,  Henry 607 

Clare,  Henry  P. 93,  197,  211,  228,  287,  350 

Clark.  Charles  A ...    287 

Clark,  Emmons 559,  563-4,  605 

Cleveland-Grays..          ....   612 

Cleveland,  Grover..6i8,  620,  622,638,  661 

Clews,  Henry   566 

Clough,  William  R 617,651-2 

Coats,  Andrew 6 1 6 

Cocheu,  Noah  L 651,  664 

Cochrane,  John  H 649 

Cody,  William  F.  (Buffalo  Bill) 663 

Coffey,  John  J 165 

Cogswell,  Milton 77 

Cohen,  David  B 655 

Colo-rove,  Silas 1 87 


724 


INDEX. 


Collis  Chas.  H.  T 1 24 

Colquitt,  Alfred   H. 189 

COLUMBIA,       DISTRICT       OF, 

TROOPS. 

Infantry — 2nd,  ^d,  ^th,  8t/i,  Battal 
ions 46 

CONFEDERATE    ORDERS    NO. 

191 i85-7  i 

CONFEDERATES          SURREN 
DERED,  number  of 383 

Conklin,  Frederick  A 533,  560 

CONNECTICUT  TROOPS. 

Infantry — 2nd,  588;  \\th,  196;  i^th, 278 

Connolly,  John  M.  K 287,  337 

Connor,  Washington  E 552 

Conterno,  Luciano 651,  675,  696-7 

Conway,  Colonel 530 

Cook,  Benjamin  F 329 

Cook,  William  E    651,  660 

Cooke,  Robert  F 633,  641,  647 

Cooney,  George  W.  .    674 

Copeland  (Drillmaster) 564 

Coppinger,  John  B.  .  .  16,  27,  29,  31  -  2,  39, 

73,91-2 

Corey,  Sidney  A 527 

CORRESPONDENCE     AT     THE 
SURRENDER     OF     LEE     TO 

GRANT 376-9 

Cottman,  Thomas  D 595,  634 

Couch,  Darius  N 215,  226,  243,  266 

COULTER'S,  COLONEL  REPORT 
OF    THE    BATTLES    OF    THE 

WILDERNESS 332-4 

Coulter,  Richard.  .  .  195,  198,  285,  328-32, 
334-5.  337.  340 

Courtney,  Robert  B 523,  571 

Cowan,  Andrew 279 

Cox,  Jacob  D 193 

Crawford,  Major .    533 

Crawford,  Samuel  W.  .  i  55-6,  193,  323-  .,, 
330-1,  343,  345-6.  569.  690,  697 

CREEDMOOR 578-9,  601-2,  606 

Crimmins,  John  D 628 

Crittenden,  Thomas  L 343 

Croft,  Theodore  F 651 

Crook,  George.  .    196,  319 

Cruger,  S.  Van  Rensselear 616 

Curtin,  Andrew  G 671,  690.  695-6 


Curtis,  George  Wm 690,  697,  702  4 

Curtis,  N.  Martin.  .  .  .661,  674,  690,  696-7 

Cusack,  James  W 595,  618-20 

Gushing,  Alonzo  H 279-83 

Cutler,  Lysander.  .270,  326,  330,  332,  342, 

345 

Dailey,  Frederick  B 148-9 

Dakin,  Thomas  S 523~4,  545 

Dalrymple,  John 509,  568 

Daniels,  Major 538 

Daskam,  Sawyer 518 

Dauvray,  Helen 648-9 

David,  A.  L 618,  620 

Davis,  Jefferson 22 

Davis,  Jefferson  C 545,  569 

Davis,  John  W.  .  .9,  27,  29,  50,  65,  503-5, 
508,  519,  523,  537,653 

Davis,  Joseph  B 351 

Day,  Nicholas  W 649,  66 1 

Dechert,  Yellott  D..  .  .637,  651-2,  659-60, 

670 
DEDICATION  OF  MONUMENT 

AT  GETTYSBURG 674-87 

Delcambre,  Alfred  P  662 

Delmonico,  Charles  C 592 

Denison,  Andrew  W 330 

Denison,  Harvey  B 55 

DEPARTURE  FOR  THE  SEAT 

OF  WAR 32-4 

Deppeler,  John 29,  50,  62,  68 

Derr,  Henry  H  641 

Deveraux,  Arthur  F 283 

Deveraux,  Colonel "^33 

Diggs,  Dabney  W.  .99,  236,  239,  242,  506, 

511,  66 i 

Diller,  F.  X 5'5 

Dix,  John  A 22.  559,  576 

Dodworth,  Harvey  B 587 

Doheny,  Michael 4 

Dolan,  John  B 287,  350 

Dorr,  Colonel 533 

Doty,  Alvah  H 625,  651,  660 

Doubleday,  Abner.  .  189,  191,  193-5,  199- 

222-3,  227,  260,  264,  268-70,  272-4, 
279-80,  318 

Douglass,  M I96 

Dowling,  Q.-M 53s 


INDEX. 


PAGE 

Downing,  David  L 531,  537,  539 

Dows,  David 566 

Draper,  William  H 354 

Drexel,  Anthony  ] 525 

Drew,  Daniel 567 

Drum,  Richard  C 400 

Duane,  Rev.  Dr.   569 

Dulany,  Richard  H 212 

Dumphry,    Michael 71 

Durnin,    Eugene 509,  638  j 

Duryea,  Abram. .  .  127,  129,  136,  156,  170, 
183.  523-  577.6i6 

Duryea — Zouaves 616 

Dutch,  Alonzo 555 

Duval,  Harry 629 

Earle,  Ferdinand  P 617 

Early,  Jubal    A. ...165-7,  249-50,  264-5, 

289,  345 

Eben,  Felix  1 583 

Edwards,  James  R 566 

Ecclesine,  Thomas  C 638 

Egolf,  Joseph 595 

Ehrman,  William  H 651 

Eisenberg,  Mr. .  . 572 

Ellis,  Henry  A 356 

Ellsworth,  Elmer  E 15 

EMANCIPATION      PROCLAMA 
TION 204-5 

English,  Governor 530 

Eshleman,  B.  F .  .    276 

Eunson,  Eugene  S 555 

Evans,  Nathan  G 167 

Evans,  William ;  38 

Everett,  Walter 540,  542 

Ewell,  Richard  S. .  .  .134,  156,  196,258-60, 
263-4,  269-70,  275,  296,  301-2,  323,  340, 

342.  345 

Fairchild,  Lucius 672-3,  690,  697 

P'arnsworth,  John  G 618-9,  656 

Farragut,  David  G 528 

Farrell,    Robert .    507 

Faulkner,  Robert  J 60 

Fay,    Colonel 555 

Fay,  John  G 4 

Fay,  Lieut.-Colonel 538 

Felix, 97~'^ 


Fellows,  Jerome  B 570 

Fenton,  Reuben  E 508 

Ferguson,  Smith 165-6 

Ferrero,  Edward . .  197,  340 

Ferrero,  Emile  S 81 

Ferris,  Thomas  T 8,  12,  1 6,  577 

Field,  Cyrus  W 381 

Field,  Maunsell  B .  .    566 

Finan,  B.  J 538~9 

Fisher,  Doctor 562 

Fisher,  Edward  T 89 

Fisher,  E.   Willis 354 

Fisk,  Belden  &  Co 567 

Fisk,  James,  Jr...  .521-2,  524-5,    527,  531, 

533.   535-42.    550,    552-3,    556,    560-8, 

570,  572,  580 

Fisk,  Lucy  D 533,  562,  567 

Fitzgerald,  Louis 638 

FITZ-HUGH'S  CROSSING,  VA... 244-5 

Fitzpatrick,  Adjutant 538 

Flagg,  Edward  O..  .  .  540,  553,  555-6,  566 

Flammer,  Charles  A 649 

Flatley,  Surgeon ....    538 

Flood,  F.  Oliver 199 

Forbes,  Colin  V.  G 643,  648 

Forsyth,  Post-Chaplain 569 

Foster,  John  G 569 

Foster,  Lieutenant 539 

Fountain,  General   545 

Foust,  Benezet  F 271 

Fowler,  John,  Jr 533 

Franklin,  William  B..  185,  190,  215,  221-5, 

227,  229 

Fraser,  General 6 1 6 

Frazer,  Douglass S3&-9 

Fream,  George  L 137-8 

Freeborn,  George  C 664 

Fremont,  John  C..  .  131,  134-5.  137,  140-3 

French,  William  H 226,  266,  300 

Frost,  Edwin  R 610 

Fuger,  Frederick 282 

Fuller,  Gustavus  A 535,  537,  571 

Funk,  Augustus 533,  560,  564 

Gaffney.John  T 508-9 

Gale,  Frank  A 6 1 7,  65 1 

Garfield,  James  A 612,614 

Garnett,  Richard  B 275,  281 


726 


INDEX. 


Garrett,  Robert 591 

Garrison,  Lieutenant 662 

Gaston,  William 535-6.  541 

Gates,  Theodore  B 280,  638 

Gaylor,  Charles 517 

Geary,  John  W , 82,  143 

Gebhard,  Edward 510 

Gedney,  Frederick  G 638 

Gedney,  William  H 638 

Geidecke,  Ernest 55 

GEORGIA  TROOPS— 

Confed.,  Infantry,  i8//i 196 

Gesner,  Charles  H 34 

Getty,  George  \V 226,  323-5 

GETTYSBURG,  PILGRIMAGE 

TO.  in  1888 665-73 

Gibbon,  John 1 89-90,  213,  215,  219, 

221-4,  229,  274.  279.  283,  317,  325-7, 

333.  335-6 

Gibbons,  Frank  K • 397 

Gibbs,  Lieutenant 662 

Gibson,  Kasson  C 651 

Gildersleeve,  Henry  A 583,  615 

Gilette,  Lewis  W 61 8,  620 

Gillespie,  Frederick  R 517 

Gilman,  F.  L 539 

Gilmore,  Patrick  S 539 

Glendinning,  G.  B . 517 

Glenn,  Captain 272 

Goepel,  Paul 588 

Gordon,  George  H 1 56 

Gordon,  John  B 379-8 1 ,  69 1 ,  697 

Gorman,  John  J 566 

Gould,  Jay 527,  570 

Grace,  William  R 628,  632 

Grafulla's  (Band) 5 1 5,  5 1 8 

Graham,  Charles  K 674,  689,  697 

Grant,  Frederick  D 663 

Grant,  Lewis  A 67 1 ,  690 

Grant,  U.  S..ii6,  286,  315-6,  318-25,  328, 

336,  341-2,  346-7,  376-9,  381-2,  527, 
612,  625-6,  628,  660,  662,  690 

Gray,  John  A 96 

Green,  General 530 

Greene,  Edmund  R 29,  72,  89,  108 

Greene,  George  S 193,  690,  697 

Gregg,  David  McM 266 

Gregg,  Maxcy 223 


PAGE 

Gregg,  Robert  G   570 

Gregory,  Matthew  S 29 

Greenman,  Schuyler 531 

Griffin,  Charles 202,   323-4,  330,  333. 

342,  345.  347 

Griffin,  Thomas 633 

Grinnell,  Moses  H 559 

Guides  (Band) 531 

Gunther,  C.  Godfrey 353 

Guyer,  Frederick 242,  287 

Hale,  Nathan 1 59 

Hall,  A.  Oakey 534,  545 

Hall,  James  A 174 

Hall,  Joshua  C 138 

Hall,  Norman  J 279,  281.  283-4 

Hall,  William 3,  8,  13,  18,  51,  503-4, 

508-9,  512 

Halleck,  Henry  W 126,  142,  145,  166, 

168,  178,  208,  214,  229-30,  265,  299, 

3i6 
Hallick,  William  H. .  8,  28-9,  58,  75,  92,  i  54 

Hallock,  Joseph  T 43-4,  641 

Halstead,  Eminel  P 670 

Hamblin,  Joseph  E 525 

Hamilton,  Captain 222 

Hamilton,  Charles  S 67,  71 

Hamilton,  SchuyleT 545 

Hamlin,  Hannibal 91 

HAMPTON  LEGION,  Confed.    ..    .    196 

Hancock,  Wintield  S 226,  258,  273-4, 

276,  283,  324-7, 332-3,  335,  337-9,  341-3. 
345,  618,  628 

Hanna,  Thomas  L vii 

Hardie,  James  A 222 

Harding,  George  E 581 

Harper,  Robert 51 7-8 

Harris,  Isham  G 21 

Harrison,  Walter 277 

Harrow,  William 279,  283 

Hartranft,  John  F 690 

Hartsuff,  George  L 117,  1 26-  7,  129. 

137-8.    155-7.    163,    165-7,   169,   172-5, 
183,   190-1,   194-5,   197,   199,  206,  217, 

3'7-  5'4 

Hastings,  Daniel  H 705 

Hartz,  W.  T 228 

Hatch,  John  P 171,  173-4,  188-90 


INDEX. 


727 


Haubennestel,   WilH.im 619 

Havelock,  General 73 

Havemeyer,  Henry 588 

Havemeyer,  William  P" 580 

Haven,  Gilbert 536 

Hawkins,  Rush  C 588 

Hayden,  W.  R 648-9 

Hayman,  S.  1» 69,  72 

Hays,  Alexander 278-9,  284 

Head,  Nathaniel 529 

Heath,  Francis  E 279 

Heermance,  William  L 647 

Heintzelman,  Samuel  P 168,  173 

Ht-lmbold,  Henry  T 526 

Henderson,  William 224,  233 

Hendrickson,    John... 29,    108,    146,    157, 

198,  224-5,  228>  231,  236,  241,  257,261, 

327,  533,   564,   570-1,  577,  632-3,  647, 

66 1,  674,  676-7 

Henriques,  Alexander.  ....    7,  i  5,  27,  31 

Herbert,  Mr 556 

Herrick,  Charles  K.    .  .    32 

Herron,  Francis  J 607 

Herts,  Maurice  A.    633 

Heth,  Henry    268,  276 

Heuston,  James 4 

Hewitt,  Abram  S 649,  655,  661-2 

Hill,  Ambrose  P i  56,  161,  197,  21  5, 

223,  258,  263-4,  268,  272,  296-7,  323-5, 

342 

Hill,  Daniel  H 186-7,  189,  21  5 

Hill,  David  B 642,  669 

Hill,  George  W 540,  610,  622 

Hill,  William 517 

Hirst,  George  0 350 

Hirt,  Felix 93,  228 

Hitchcock,  James  R .  .  507,  543,  566,  571-2, 
575.  577-  580,  592,  595-6,  598-9,  605 

Hoagland,  Isaac  E 228,  63 1 

Hoey,  John  T 525 

Hoffman,  John  T..5o8,   511-2,  523,    527, 

547.  573 

Holbrook,   Frederick 690,  697 

Homans,  George  W 609- 1 1 

HOME  AGAIN 352-4 

Homer,  Charles  F 638,  649 

Hood,  John  B     174,  192,  196,  334 

Hooker,  Charles  E 690,  694-5 


Hooker,  General,  to  Generals  Howard 

and  Slocum,  at  Chancellorsville.  .  247-8 
Hooker,  Joseph. 81,  173,  182,  189-95,  198, 

206,     215,     217-8,     222,     226-7,     238-45, 
247-51,        258-9,       26l,        263-66,        295, 

608 

H  organ,  Ja.nes  J    616 

Housman,  Charles  L.-594,   597,  610-11, 

617 

Houston,  Captain 545 

Howard,  Oliver  O.  .221,  226,  243,  247-8, 
258,  269,  272,  295 

Howard,  Thomas  W 350 

Howell,  Isaac 89 

Hoyt,  Jesse 566 

Hoyt,  Roswell 517 

Hoyt,  William,  Jr 517 

Hoyt,  W.  C 515,  51 7 

Hubbarcl,  Cyrus  C.. 138,  287,  350 

Hughes,  Archbishop 4 

Humphreys,  Andrew  A   226,  382 

Hunt,  Henry  J 277-8 

Hunt,  Major   560 

Hunt,  Samuel  I I 

Huntington,  Isaac  C 176 

Huntley,  Colonel .    560 

Hussey,  George  A..  .  .400,  572,  593-5.  605, 

610-1,  614,  616,  632,  634,  640,  654 

Hyams,  Gertrude  S.  . 527 

INDIANA  TROOPS— 

Infantry — 12///,    in,    126,     139;    i6//i. 
in,  116,125-6,  139;   I9///,  259;    27///. 

67.  187 

IN  MEMORIAM 384-89 

INSPECTIONS    OF    THE    REGI 
MENT— 1859-88 712 

INTERNATIONAL  RIFLE  MAT 
CHES 579,  582,602 

Irish  Republican  Union 3-4 

Isaacs,  Montifiore  M 647 

Iverson,  Alfred 270-1 

Jackson,  H.  J 533 

Jackson,  (Stonewall)  Thomas  J .  .  .  106, 1 10, 

112,  123-4,  134-5,  140-1,  143,  154-5,  157, 

160-1,  166,  168-74,  177-  9.  185,  188,  190, 

194-5,  198,  215,  220,  229,  246-8,  691 


728 


INDEX. 


Jacobs,  Jacob 287,  350 

Jacobs,  P.  S 517 

Jamison,  D.  F 21 

Japha,  Sol.  E..  .    595,  647,  651,  660,  662-3 

Jaques,  John  W 96,  148-9 

Jenkins,  Albert  G 260,  264 

Jenkins,  Rev.  Mr 566 

Jerome,  Leonard  W 533 

Jewett,  H.  J 591 

Johns,  Lieutenant 1 8 

Johnson,  Andrew 509 

Johnson,  Bradley  T 86 

Johnson,  Edward     274-5 

Johnson,  Joseph  H 9,  17,  27 

Johnston,  George  H 539~10 

Johnston,  James  0 507,  617 

Johnston,  John 548 

Johnston,  Joseph  E..  .  .58,  104-5, 109,  318, 

279-  38' 

Jones,  Captain 538 

Jones,  Charles 51 7-8 

Jones,  David  R 160,  167,  170 

Jones,  Frank  J 638 

Jones,  Henry  C 506 

Jones,  Wm.  Hemphill 22 

Jordan,  Marsh  &  Co 567 

Jussen,  Karl 583,  608 

Kearny,  Philip 173,  178-9,  243 

Keenan,  James  J 1 10 

Keenan,  Peter 248 

Kelly,  John  J 351 

Kelso,  James  J 559,  564 

'Kemp,  John  H 638,  664 

Kernper,  James  L 275,  281 

Kendell.  Albert  A 198 

Kendlehart,  D 265 

•  Kent,  William  H 536-7.  540,  543 

Ketchum,  Abram  V 256 

Kiclclo,  J.  B 533 

KILLED  IN  BATTLE- 
BULL  RUN,  177;    ANTIETAM. 
198;    FREDERICKSBURG,  231 
-2;    GETTYSBURG,  287;    THE 
WILDERNESS  LAUREL 

HILL  SPOTTSYLVANIA 

AND    COLD    HARBOR 348-9 

Kilpatrick,  Judson 266 


i 

King,  Gilbert  S 354, 

King,  Horatio  C 666-7,  697, 

King,  Rufus. . .  143,   168,  170-3,  183, 

King,  William  Y 

Kingsbury,  Captain 

Kirklancl,  Charles  P 

Kitching,  J.  Howard 

Kittle,  Dow  S 

Kittle,  Samuel  L 

Kline,  Henry  C 

Kohlberger,  Charles  E 

Koltes,  John  A 

Krauss,  Samuel 

Krehbiel,  John  D 


'A  OK 

506 
704 
1 88, 

3'7 
616 

53S 
569 

340 
572 
610 

597 
651 

'77 

627 
560 


Lacy,  J.  Hovell 327,  332-3 

Lander,  Frederick  W 105,  1 1 1,  123 

Langbein,  J.  C.  Julius 584,  607 

Lanning,  Ralph  A..  .    87,  93,  197,241,  354, 

506,  509 

Lansing,  Major 18 

Lanied,  F.  S 72 

Lathrop,  George  P 697,  702 

Latrobe,  Osman 277 

Lawrence,  Arthur 553 

Lawton,  Alexander  R 196 

Layton,  Thomas 228 

Lee,  Daniel  W 508 

Lee,  Robert  E..  .155,  158-9,  162,  168,  174, 
177,  182-6,  191,  201-2,  209,  220,  237, 
243-4,  248-9,  257-9,  261,  263-5,  267> 
274-5,  286,  290-1,  294-6,  298-300,  302-4, 
312,  316,  318,  322-5,  328,  332,  337-8, 
341-2,  344,  376-82,  690 

Lee,  Stephen  D 24 

Leeds,  Mr 517 

LeFevre,  Admiral 545 

LeGal,  Eugene 17 

Leonard,  Henry  \V 651 

Leonard,  Samuel  H 239,  523 

Leppien,  George  F 174 

Lethbridge,  Lieutenant 538 

Levy,  Jules 537 

Lewis,  Arnold  C 89 

Lewis,  Lester 90 

Lewis,  J.  Woodruff 25,  354 

Liebenau,  J.  Henry 510,  514 


INDEX. 


729 


LINCOLN  to  McCLELLAN..  .80.  209; 
to  ARMY  OF  POTOMAC,  232;  to 
HOOKER,  238-9;  to  GRANT,  321. 
LINCOLN,  ABRAHAM. 20,  23,  26,  36, 
43,74,80,  105,  i  10,  129-31,  138,  146, 
204-9,  214-5.  227.  229-31,  234-5,  238-9, 
242,  245,  260,286,  308-9;  Address  at 
Gettysburg,  31 1,  316,  319-21,  507,690-1, 

697 

Lincoln,  Lowell 566 

Lincoln,  Robert  T 613 

Locke,  Frederick  T 616 

Locke,  William  H 566 

Lockman,  John  T    29,  97,  641 

Loder,  Noah 518 

LONG  BRANCH,  N.  J.,  encampment 
in  1870 526-8 

Longstreet,  James. .  159-61,  167-74,  176-7. 

179,  186,  193,  197,  215,  220,  229,  257-8, 

263-5,  275-7,  281,  294,  310,  320,  325-6, 

33°.  379-82,  672,  689,  696-7 

Lorigan,  George  T. .  .647,  651,  659,  662-3 

Lovell,  Mansfield,  to  General   Fred. 
Townsend 10 

Lovell,  Mansfield.  .  10,  15-6,  18-9,  22,  29, 

120,    I  2  1-2 

Lowncls,  George  L 515 

Lucas,  Thomas  J. 1 16 

Lyle,  Peter 224,    229,    271,   326,   330, 

333-4 
Lyon,  George  \V 511 

McArdle,  William  M 9 

McCabe,  Chaplain 694 

McCall,  George  A .".119,  1 37 

McCaull,  John  A 663 

McClearn,   Stuart  F 610 

McCLELLAN'S  FAREWELL  AD 
DRESS 214 

McClellan,  George  B.  .  .68,  70,  74.  78-81, 

84,    104-6,    i  to,    124,   126-7,    129,    134, 

137,    143,    154,    158,    161,    182-5,    187. 

190-1,  194,  197,  201-2,  206-7,   209,  212 

-4,  217,  286,  570,  628 

McClenthen,  C.  S 181 

McComber,  Horatio  E 609 

McCook,  Alexander 506 

McCort,  John  W 350 


McDonald,  Joseph 508 

McDowell's,  General,  Report  of  Bull 

Run,  1862 177 

McDowell,  Irvin .  .  .  .63,  117,  129-31,  137, 

140,  142-3,  155,  160,  162,  169,  514,523- 

4,  530.  559 

McGowan,    Private 550 

McKensie,  Alexander 5 16-7,  566 

McKnight,  Rev.  Dr 696 

McLaws,  Lafayette 186 

McLean,  George  W 572 

McLewee,  Frederick  C    654 

McMahon,  Captain rj 

McNally,    Samuel 90 

McNider,    William 1 56 

McQuade,  James. .  .  .  523-4,  530,  533,  616 

McQuade,  John  F 530 

McVey,    Lieutenant 538 

Maconnell,  James  M 651 

Magee,  Frank  J 675 

Magruder,  Captain 46 

Mahany,  Roland  B 674-5,  677-80 

Mahone,  William 379,  381-2 

MAINE  TROOPS— 

Infantry — 16///,    187,    203,    212,    215-6, 
224,  285,  302 

Mallon,  James   E 281,283-4 

J  Manierre,  Benjamin  F 545 

Mansfield,  Joseph  K.  F 193,  195 

Maretzek,  Max    523 

Markey,  James  F 4 

Marks,  W.  Wolcott 647,  651 

Martin,  Benjamin  F 506 

Martin,  Joseph  W 59 

Martin,  Robert   B 507 

Martin,  William  I 649 

Marvin,  Selden  E 511 

MARYLAND  TROOPS— 

Confederate,  Infantry — isl,  137;  Union, 
\st,  137,  291  ;  2nd,  196;  5///,  293 
MASSACHUSETTS  TROOPS— 

Volunteers — Infantry — 2nd,  122;  8///, 
291;  \2ih,  in,  117,  130,  132,  145,  176, 
183,  196,  198,  203,  212,  216-7,  229,  251, 
271,  284,  293,  295,  311,  324-5,  329,332- 
3-  335.  339.  343:  13^.  74,  1 11.13°,  '83. 

196,  217,    222,    224,  228,    239,    293,    521, 

523;  i5///,  71,  76;  I9///,  221,  281  ;  2o//i, 


730 


INDEX. 


PAGE 

76,  221  ;  33</,  621  ;  ^\th,  379  ;  39///,  291  ; 
4.6//1,  291  ;  5U/,  291  ;  Volunteer-Militia 
—  Batteries,  is/,  540;  2nd,  621  ;  Infan 
try,  ist,  539-40;  5^,  539-40,  610;  8/1//. 
610-1  ;  9/7*,  539-40. 

Matthews,  Ezra  W 164 

Meade,  Augustus  W 351 

Meade,  George  G...i83,   189-95,    222~3. 

243,  247,  258,  265-7,  274,  285-6,  288, 

290,  294-7,  299-300,  303,  305,  310,  313, 

316-7,  319-20,  323-4,  508,  573 

Meehan,  Colonel 533 

Meeks,  John,  Jr 506 

Mercer,  Andrew 91 

Mercer,  Corporal 16 

Meredith,  Solomon 318 

Merritt,  Stephen 553 

Merritt,  Wesley 330 

Messinger,  Thomas  H.  H 517 

MICHIGAN  TROOPS— 

Cavalry — is/,    108,   in;  Infantry — y///, 
221,  243  ;  2\th,  243 

Miles,  Nelson  A 380-1 

Miller,  Colonel 56 

Miller,  Doctor 193 

Miller,  Erastus  R 37,  72 

Miller,  Henry 566 

Miller,  Major 533 

Miller,  Seaman 517 

Miller,  Warner 690,  697 

Miller,  William 90 

Milne,  Joseph  S 283 

Milroy,  Robert  H 258-9 

MINNESOTA  TROOPS— 

Infantry — is/ 71 

MISSISSIPPI  TROOPS— 

Confederate,  Infantry — 48/// 316 

Mitchell,  Cornelius  B. .  „ 533,  583 

Mitchell,  W.  A 187 

Mitchell,  W.  P 638 

MOESCH'S,  CAPTAIN,    REPORT 
OF  THE  BATTLE    OF    FRED- 

ERICKSBURG 227-8 

Moesch,  Joseph    A.. 9,    198,    224,    227-8,  j 
231,  236,  256-7,  271,  287,  294,  298,  306-7,  j 
325-  327,  334.  637,  654,  658 

Moller,  William  F 530,  533 

Montgomery,  Moses  P.  L-537,  581,616,621 


PAGE 

MONUMENT,  DEDICATION  OF, 

in  1888 674-87 

Moore,  Lucy  D 567 

Moore,  John  D 350 

Morgan,  Edwin  D 22,  29,  559 

Morris,  Willliam  H 507,  524,  575,  577 

Morrison,  Joseph  J 52-4,  65,  571 

Morse,  Lewis  W 627 

Morse,  Mrs 56 1 

Mosby,  John  S 262,  339 

Mosenthal,  J 588 

Mosher.  Jacob  S 530 

Mott,   Gershom 326 

MUD-MARCH  in   1863 236-8 

Mulligan,  James  A 628 

Mullins.  George 538 

Munson,  Jacob  F 350 

Murphy,  Michael  C 666 

Murphy,    Thomas 4-5 

Negley,  James  S 60 

NEW  HAMPSHIRE  TROOPS  — 

Infantry — ist,  46-8,  56,  61,  66;  6th,  196 

Newkirk,  John  P 506 

Newman,  John   P 627,  664,  670 

Newton,  John. 273,  292,  313,  317,655,661 
NEW     YORK      NINTH— NEWS 
PAPER 149-53 

NEW  YORK  TROOPS— 

Volunteers  —  Artillery,  7///,  340  ;  Bat 
teries  is/,  Ind.,  279;  />',  279;  Infantry, 
•2nd,  (Militia)  71,  83;  \\tli,  (Militia)  57, 
128,  189,  245,  31 1,  616,  644  ;  2o///,  (Mili- 
tiaj  280;  26///,  101,  181,  251  ;  42//^/,  77, 
281;  53<Y,  242;  6is/,  674;  6yh,  512; 
72nd,  239;  79///,  (Militia)  69-70,  172, 
178-9,  546,  555-6,  560,  569,  649;  97///, 
216,  228-9,  241,  251,  269,  271,  333,  335, 
346,  351,  674  ;  I04///,  302  ;  I  ig//i.  674  ; 
I2O//Z,  336. —  National  Guard  —  Infan- 
iry,  ist,  547.  553-  555-  S^o,  563;  yi, 
555;  5///,  560,  584;  6//t,  15,  547-8,  560, 
563;  7/h,  13,  37.  65.  26r'  353.  527, 
547-8,  559,  563,  569,  588,  606,  615-6, 
622,  627,651,  659;  8//i,  3,  15,  1 8,  28, 
34,  236,  537,  543,  547,  555-  5^0,  563, 
584,  591,  616-7,  643-4,  650;  lot /i,  595, 
597;  i }///,  28,547,  559,  584,  605,626, 


INDEX. 


73 


PAGE 

637;  i2///,  13,  28,  547,  553-  555.  56°. 
584,616.  637,644,651;  is///,  15,  555. 
6n;  22iiit,  547-8,  555,  559,  563,  584, 
588,  622,  626-7,  637,  644  ;  23//,  23,  560, 
580,  591,  611;  24//i,  556;  47//1,  560, 
606  ;  55//i,  7-9,  555,  560,  563;  6gt/i,  18, 
547,  560,  584,  611  ;  jist,  83,  547,  553, 
555,  560,  569,  584,  605,  662  ;  84///,  547-9- 
560  ;  96///,  560. 

Neyer,  George 63,  353 

Noonan,  John  G 668 

Nordquist,   Charles  J  .73,  8 1,  96,  151,206, 
215-6,  255-6,  294,  350,  571 

Nugent,  Robert 689,  697 

Nye,  S.   H 517-8 


Oakley,  Colonel  ...................  533 

O'Brien,  Fitz-James  ...............  399 

O'Brien,  William  ..................  90 

O'Connor's  (Band)  ................  539 

O'Connor,  Michael  T  ..............  3 

Odell,  Thomas  B  ..................  66  1 

OFFICERS    PROMOTED     FROM 


OFFICIAL  RECORD  OF  SERVICE. 
FIELD   AND  STAFF  .........  401-2 

NON-COMM.-STAFF  AND 

BAND  .....................  403-5 

COMPANY  A  ................  406-13 

COMPANY   B  ...............  414-20 

COMPANY  C  .................  421-9 

COMPANY  D  .................  430-8 

COMPANY  E  ................  439-47 

COMPANY  F  ...............  448-56 

COMPANY  G  ................  457-65 

COMPANY  H  ................  466-73 

COMPANY  1  .................  474-8i 

COMPANY  K  ...............  482-92 

COMPANY  L  ...............  493-501 

OLD-GUARD  .............  569,  572,  577 

Oliver,  Robert  S  ..................  608-9 

Olmstead,  James  H  ...........  515,  517-8 

Olyphant,  Robert  .................   626 

O'Neill,  Joseph  ..................    270 

Opdyke,  George  ....................    566 

Orange  Riot,  in  1871  .............  546-56 

Ord,  Edward  O.  C.  ----  129,  131,  136,  317 


PAGE 

ORDERS  NO.  i   OF  THE  NINTH 

REGIMENT 9 

Ormsbee,  E.  J 670,  690 

Orvis,  Charles  E 533,  606 

Osborn,  Captain 17 

O'Sullivan,  — 96-8 

Owen,  Captain 46 

Owen,  William  M. ...  177,  185-6,  276,  281 


Pdez,  Jos6  Antonio 658 

Page,  Frank  1 352 

Page,  Henry  C   549-5O,  552-3 

Palfrey,  Francis  WT 182,  188,  190,  229 

Palmerston,  Lord 1 6-7 

Papple,  Councilman 575 

Paris,  Compe  de 286,  297 

Parke,  John  G 223 

Parker,  Amasa  J.,  Jr 595 

Parsons,  Colonel 7°° 

Patterson,  Robert 46,  58,  64 

Patti,  Carlo 531 

Paul,  Gabriel  R 269-71,  285 

Paulison,  C.  M.  K 575 

Peach,  Benjamin  F 61 1 

Pearsall,  W 504 

Peck,  Surgeon 545 

Pegram,  John 346 

Pegram,  W.  J i  56 

Pender,  William  D 272 

PENNSYLVANIA  TROOPS— 

Cavalry— St/i,  248;  Infantry— is/,  (Mili 
tia)  46;  \\tli,  129-30,  164,  170,  183, 
195-6,  217,  228-9,  25[>  269,  285,  302, 
315,  319,  328,  332-3,  335,  337;  i-jth, 
(Militia)  61  ;  25/7*,  (Militia)  46,  61  ; 
28//i,  82  ;  2$//i,  67,  69-70,  83-4,  97 ; 
46///,  89;  6gfk,  279-80;  7 ist,  279-80; 
J2tid,  279,  281-2  ;  88t/i,  195,  216,  228-9, 
251,  271,  311,  315,  319,  332-3,  335; 
90///,  251,  270-1,  284,  293,  311  ;  io6//z, 
279;  I49/7/,  272;  I5I5-/,  280 

Percy,  Captain 533 

Perley,  John  H 522,  555 

Perret,  Henry 287! 

Perry,  Colonel 523,  533' 

Pettigrew,  J.  Johnston 276-7 

Pettit,  James 132 


732 


INDEX. 


PAGE 

Phelan,  Michael   3-5 

PHILADELPHIA  INVINCIBLES.  612 
Phillips,  Benjamin  T .  .  90,  98-9,  1 59,  234, 

310 

Phillips,  Edward 517 

Phisterer,   Frederick 621 

Pickett,  Eugene 197 

Pickett,  George  E.  .275-7,  279-81,  283-4, 

671-2,  690-5 

Pickett,  Mrs 694 

Pierce,    Alderman 535 

Pinard,    Nelson 96 

Pinckney,  Joseph  C 585 

Pinkney,  Howard ..  90,  96,    206,  638,  641, 

66 1,  664 

Pitkin,  Lucius 7 

Pleasonton,  Alfred.  .215,  248,  258-9,  261, 

267 

Plume,  General 560 

POEMS  AND  SONGS. 

BEN  NIN(TH)GTON 557-9 

GETTYSBURG  (Blue  and  Gray).  698- 

702 
HARTSUFF'S    BRIGADE     AT 

ANTIETAM 199-200 

MANS.  AND  LORD   LOVELL.  120-2 

MEMORIAL   DAY 649-50 

MONUMENT  DEDICATION. 677-80 

ON  GUARD 42 

PAT'S  MILITARY  RECORD. 629-31 
RETURN  OF  THE  REGIMENT 

354-6 

SONG  OF  THE  NINTH 217 

SONG  OF  THE  SPADE 151-2 

SUMTER 25-6 

THE  BOSTON  DIP 543-4 

THE   BUGLE  CALL  OF  GET 
TYSBURG 705-6 

THE   LAMENT    OF    THE  IN 
VOLUNTARY  VOLUNTEER 

94-5 
THE  NINTH'S  SKEDDADLER 

2IO-I I 

VARIOUS  (Medley)    390-399 

Pollock,  John  M   533 

Pollock,  Thomas  C 34 

Poore,  Ben  Perley 529 

Pope's,  General,  Orders 146-7 


PAGE 
Pope,  John..ii6,   142-4,  146-7,  150,  154- 

62,  164-74,  177,  179-  182-3,  245,  297 

Porter,  Andrew  S 70 

Porter,  Fitz-John.  ...  129,  168,  172-4,  193, 

197 

Porter,  Horace 527 

Porter,  Josiah 559,  563,  605,  652 

Postley,  Brooke 523,  525 

Potter,    Orlando   B...66i,  674-5,   680-5, 

690 

Potter,  Robert  B 343 

Pratt,  Dana  B 647,  65 1 

Prescott,  Charles  E.  .  .29,  53,  79,  109,  138 
PRINCE  OF  WALES,  reception  of 

17-8 

Proctor,  Lieut. -Colonel 539 

Pryer,  John  T.  .  .  .518,  583,  595,  606,  633, 

641,  661 

Pryor,  J.  J 556 

Pryor,  Walter  R 550,  555-6 


Quintard,  Isaac 517 

Quirk,  Thomas  W 231,  287 

Ralph,  Edward 90,  183 

Ramseur,  Stephen  D 271,  340 

Rand,  Thomas  B.  .  .617,  621,  624-5,  638, 
647,  651,  653,  661,  663,  688 

Randolph,  John 125 

Ranscn,  Captain 545 

Rea,  John  P 690,  697 

Reed,  Alexander 626 

Reed,  Charles  C 506 

Reed,  Edward  A.  .607,  609,  619,  622,  637 

REENLISTMENTS 314-5 

REGISTER— OF  GUESTS  AT  GET 
TYSBURG,  1888,  709;  OF  COM 
MANDERS  served  under,  359;  OF 
OFFICERS  in  1845,  2-3;  in  1858, 
6  ;  in  1859,  1 1  ;  in  1861,  44-6  ;  in  1864, 
357-8;  in  1871,  550-1;  in  1877,  599- 
600;  in  1888,  710-11  ;  OF  OFFICERS 
FROM  1859  to  1888,  713-19;  OF 
PROMOTED  FROM,  360-75;  OF 
REGIMENT,  May  22,  1863.  252-5; 
OF  OFFICERS  AND  ENLISTED 
MEN  DURING  THE  WAR.  400-501. 


INDEX. 


733 


MAR      VETERANS      PRESENT 

May  27,  1886,634  6;  VETERANS 

at  Gettysburg,  July  i,  1888 707-8 

Heilly,  Thos.  I  )evin 4 

Remme,  William  W 517 

Reno,  Jesse  L.  .  158,  162,  168,  173-4.  178, 

190 
REPUBLICAN  BLUES  of  Savannah 

in  1860  15 

RETURN  FROM  THE  WAR...  .350-1 
REUNION  OF  THE  BLUE  AND 

GRAY  at  Gettysburg  in  1888..  .689-97 
Reynolds,  Jchn  F. .  .  168,  172-4,  206,  215, 

241,  243,  249,  258,  260,  262,  267-9,  311. 

317,671 
RHODE  ISLAND  TROOPS— 

Batteries — ist 278-9,  283 

Rice,  Frederick  S 651 

Rice,  James  C 332 

Rice,  Wrilliam  A 89 

Richardson,  Charles  A 674,  689,  697 

RICHMOND  GRAYS,  reception 

of 660-4 

Ricketts,  James  B. ..129,  136-7,  146,  156, 

166    168-71,   173,  183,  189-95,  '97.  2°6, 

213.  3'7,  333 

Ritschy.  Jacob 641 

Robbins,  Charles  F 620,  632 

Roberts,   Councilman 575 

Robertson's  (Band) 546 

Robertson,  J.  V 533 

Robin,  J.T 517 

ROBINSON,        GENERAL,       TO 

GENERAL     MEADE     288 

Robinson,  John  C..    232,  235,  241,  255-6, 

269-70,    272-4,    285,    288,    313,    317-8, 

323-4.  326,  330-1,  333-4,  351,  577,  649, 

66 1,  670,  689,  690,  695 

Robinson,  Lucius 591,  597,  599 

Rodenbough,  Theophilus  F 608 

Rockafeller,  Harry 533,'  560 

Rodes,  Robert  E 270 

Rodman,  Isaac  P 193,  197 

Roe,  Alfred  C 310,  327,  654,  675,  685 

Rodgers,  Leonard 90 

Rogers,  Albert  H 606 

Roof,  Smith  C 165 

Roof.  Stephen  W 596,  651,  658,  660 


Root,  Adrian  R 224,  229 

Rorty,  James  McK 279,  283 

Rosecrans,  William  S 91,  295 

Ross,    Charles 96 

Rowan,  Stephen  C.    559 

Ruggles,  George  D 147,  173 

Russell,  D.  A 301 

Russell,  Horace 608 

RUSSIAN  OFFICERS,  reception  of 

559 

Rutherford,  Allan. 23,  28-9,  37,  52,  68,  93, 

154,  157,    164,   176,206,  219,  241,   505, 

571,  577-632-3 

Rutherford,  Robert  G 577,  638 

Ryder,  S.  Oscar. 606,  608,  611,615,  632-3, 

638 

Sands,  David 96 

Sanford,  Charles  W.  .  .  .8,  17,  50,  60,  505, 

509,  520.  523 

Sauer,  George  W 584 

Savage,   John 4 

Sayers,  J.  W 627 

Scales,  Alfred  M 272 

Schenck,  Robert  C 143,  175,  177 

Schimmelpfennig,  Alexander 269 

Schlesinger,    Major 533 

Schley,  Doctor   641 

Schieffelin,  Charles  M   518 

Schofield,  Charles  H 517 

Schoonmaker,  Samuel  A 562 

Scott,    David 602,  608 

Scott,  George  D.537,  560,  563-4,  584,605, 

616,  650 

Scott,  Robert  N .   349 

Scott,  Squire 145 

Scott,  Thomas  A 591 

Scott,  Walter.  .  .  107,  608,  610-1,  633,  658 

Scott,  William.  .631-4,  638,  640-1,  647-8, 

653,  659,  661,  664,  675-7 

Scott,  William   F 55 

Scott,  Winfield 36,  67-8,  80,  694 

Secret  service  experience 160-2 

Sedgvvick,  John.  243-4,  248-50,258,   289, 
291,  300-1,  305,  313,  326,  332 

Sellers,  A.  J 627 

Seward,  William,  Jr.. 400,  514,  548,   563, 
615,618-9,   621,  624-5,  632,  637,  644, 


734 


INDEX. 


648,  650-3,  655,  657-9,    661-2,  666-7, 
669-70,  688,  697,  704 

Sewarcl,  William  H 27,  205,  235 

Seymour,  Truman    189,  316-7 

Shaler,  Alexander.  512,  523,  533,  547,  572, 
576,  583,  588,  592,  605,  615,  623 

Shanly,  Edward 108 

Sharpe,  George  H 690,  697 

Shaw,  John  J 560 

Shawmut  (Band) 539 

Sheridan,  Philip  H..  .319,  328-9,  331,  336, 

344,  346,  545 
Sherman,  William  T..  .  .318-20,  606,  613, 

649 
Shields,  James. ...  111-2,  131,  134-5,  138, 

HO.  H3 

Shirley,  William  F 664 

Shorrock,  Ralph vii 

Sickles,  Daniel  E.   .  .215,  243,  246-7,  258, 

274,  674,  677,  690-1,  696-7 

Sigel,   Franz..  143,    155-6,    160-1,    167-8, 

173-5.  177.  3i8,  583 

Slater,  James 573,  647 

Slavery  Abolished 234~5 

Slocum,   Henry  W. ..243,  247,   258,   265, 
274,  295,  674,  689,  696-7 

Small,  A.  R 216,  285 

Smith,  David  P 90 

Smith,  Edward  L 633 

Smith,  Fitzhugh 151 

Smith,  George  Frederick 671,  690 

Smith,  Gustavus  W 145 

Smith,  Henry  C 62,  7 1 ,  506 

Smith,  Mr 18 

Smith,  Truman 517 

Smith,  William  F 215,  347 

Smith,  Wm.  Moore ....    570 

Smyth,  Thomas  A 278-9 

Snow,  Captain 538 

Snow,  Henry  A 610 

Somers,  Captain 194 

SOUTH    CAROLINA    TROOPS— 

Infantry — ^d 114 

Spencer,  Bird  W.. .  521,  533,  550,  566,  575 

Spencer,  Charles  S 584,  605 

Spencer,  J.  A 528 

Spencer,  Mr 519 

Spottswood,  Colonel 662 


Sprague,  John  T 505 

STAMFORD,  CONN.,  excursion  to, 

in  1869 S1S~19 

Stannard,  George  J 274,  280 

Stanton,  Edwin  M..IIO,  127,  138,  142-3, 
229-30,  240,  265 

Starke,  William  E 196 

Steenburg,  Colonel 5 56 

Steinway,  Albert 530 

Steinwehr,  Aclolph  von ...  269 

Stephens,  Alexander  H 22 

Sterry,  Frank 533,  560,  563-4 

Stevens,  Henry  1 29,  1 39 

Stevens,  Isaac  I...  158,  165,  168,  172-3, 

178-9 
Stevens,  James  H.  .  138,  145,  167,  243,638 

Stevens,  W.  H 382 

Steward,  Ira  W 638 

Stewart,  Archibald 66 1 

Stewart,  James 271-2 

Stiles,  Andrew  B 72 

Stiles,  John  W.  .  .28,  31-2,  39,  44,  49,  53- 

4,  60,  62,  78,  80,  90,  92,  101,  103,  122-3, 
146,  151,  154,  157,  167,  173,  503 

Stine,  James  H 673 

Stockton,  Richard  T 525 

Stokes,  Edward  S 561,  566 

Stone,  Charles  P.  .46,  53-4,  60,  66-7,  76- 
7,  82,  104,623,  638,643,647 

Stone,  Francis  F .  .  511 

Stonehouse,  John  B 615 

Stoneman,  George 215 

Storrs,  R.  S 588 

Story,  Colonel 533 

Story,  Joseph  G 621 

Stout,  Andrew  V 566 

Strachan,  Captain.  . 538 

Strong,  E.  B 529 

Strong,  Charles  S.  .91,  206,  211,  506,  514, 

555-  57i 

Stryker,  John  S 508 

Stryker,  William  S 71,  83 

Stuart,  James  E.  B.  .  165-6,  178,  186,  196, 

207,  247,  258,  261,  264-6,  296-8 

Sturgis,  Samuel  D. .  .  142,  193,  196-7,  226 

Sumner,  Edwin  ¥.143,  185,  190,  215,  218, 

221-2,  225,  229 

Sweeny,  Captain 18 


735 


Swift,  E.  T 539 

Swift,   Theodore  H 633,638,651.658 

Swinton,  William 183,  214,  237,  244 

Swords,  Joseph  F 61 1 

Sykes,    George 168 

Tabele,  Matthew  L 107 

Tallman,  Andrew   F 90 

Tallman,  John   C.  C 576 

Tanner,  James   604 

Taylor,   Asa  \V 89 

Taylor,    Bayard 588 

Taylor,   Nelson.  ..  206,  21 1,  223-4,228-9, 

239.  577 

Taylor,  Walter  H 382 

Terhune,  R.  A.  .    575 

Teny,  Charles  O 511 

Terwilliger,  William  H 196 

TEXAS  TROOPS— 

Confed.   Infantry — is/,    196;    4//;,    196; 

5///,  196. 

THE  BATTLES  AND  LOSSES   .  .    359 
THE        FIRST         CALL         FOR 

TROOPS— 75,000 26-7 

THE    RETURNING  VETERANS 

352-3 

Theriott,  Alfred  J 5 1 8  | 

THE  S.  F.'s 5,  6  j 

Thomas,  Lorenzo 44,  205 

Thompson,  James 156,  165,  170,  194 

Thompson,  George  W 572 

Thorn,  Edward 23 

Thorne,  Richard  S 569 

Thome,  Thomas  W 287,  350,  647 

TIBBETT'S  CORPS 595,  597 

Tilden,  Charles  W 216 

Tilden,  Samuel  J 659 

Todd,    Frank 538 

Todd,  William.  ..  57,   160,    183,   282,  350, 

649,  66 1 

Toland,  Washington  A 255-6 

Tooker,  Joseph  H 571 

Torbert,  Alfred  T.  A 61 1 

Toucey,  John  M 593 

Tower,  Zealous  B. .  .  .  156,  170,  174-6,  183 
Townsend,  Franklin.  ..  524,  530,  592,  597 

Townsend,  Frederick .  .8,  72,  61  5 

Townsend,   Oscar 533 


PA  OF. 

Traeger,  Carl 588 

Tregaskis,  John 287 

T  remain,  Henry  E 689 

TRIBUTE      TO      THE       FIRST 

CORPS 317-8 

Tripler,  Charles  S   562 

TROY  CITIZENS,  CORPS. . .    595,  597, 

605,  618-20 

Trumbell.H.  Clay 627 

Tuthill,  Charles  E 29,  73,  1 52,  206 

Tuthill,  George 29,  43,  78,  633 

Tweed,  William  M 518 

Twichell,  Joseph  H 690,  697 

Twomey,  Francis  J 545 

Tyler,  Robert  O. 340 

Ughetta,  Corporal 632 

Uhl,  Hermann 531 

Unbekant,  Frederick 584 

UNITED  STATES  TROOPS— 

Artillery — tfh.  Battery  A,  279-82  ;  Bat 
tery  B,  271-2  ;  ^th,  Battery  D,  46,  624 
Infantry — 7//z,   69,    72;    \2th,    72,    176 
619;  I4///,  176;  i8//;,  72. 
Upton,  Emory 336,  338 

Vail,  Henry  V 569 

Van  Allen,  James  M 248 

Van   Alst,  John,  I..  Jr 307,  353,  509 

Van  Beuren,  Michael  M.8-9,  13,  17,  27-8, 

33-  98,  354,  533.  57i,6c6 

Van  Buren,  John  D 547 

Van  Buskirk,  Colonel 560 

Vandenhoff,  George 588 

Vanderbilt,  W7illiam  H 591 

Vanderslice,  John  M 675,  677 

Van  Norden,  Samuel  G 217 

Van  Pelt,  Henry  A 287 

Van  Wyck,  John  H.  .  .  .641,  647,  661,  668 

Van  Wyck,  William  E 525,  566,  632 

Varian,  Joshua  M.  18,  510,  512,  517,  522-3 
530.  533L4,  548-9.  555.  56o,  563-4,  584,605 

Veazey,  Wheelock  G 672 

Venable,  Charles  S 379 

Vermilye,  W.  Romeyn 651 

VERMONT  TROOPS— 

Infantry — 13///,    274,    280;     i^th,    274, 

280  ;   I6//2,  274,  280. 


736 


INDEX. 


Vilmar,  Frederick.  .  .559,  584,  600,  605-6, 

609 

Vincent,  Thomas  M 241 

VIRGINIA  TROOPS— 

Artillery — Union     Battery,      is/,     154; 

Cavalry,  is/,  ill. 

Vodges,  Israel 530 

Vose,  Richard 584 

Vredenburgh,  William  J 506 

Wadsworth,  James  S.  . .  .245,  268-9,  273, 
318,  323-6,  330 

Wait,  Edgar  F 592 

Walker,  John  G 1 86 

WTalker,  Joseph ]  96 

Walker,  L.  P 24 

Walker,  William 553 

Wallach,  Willy 588 

Wallack,  Lester 527 

Wallen,    General 523 

Walling,  George  W 555 

Walsh,    Lieutenant 538 

Walton,  John  B 276 

Walton,  John  D 651 

Walton,  William  P 593~5>  609-10 

Wann,  Charles 517 

WAR,  DECLARATION  OF,  April 

12,  1861 23-4 

W7ard,  Henry 619 

Ward,  John,  Jr 555,  560,  584 

Ward,  J.  H.  H 301 

Ward,  Rodney  C 523,  560 

Wrard,  \Villiam  G..  .  559,    569,    584,    613, 

626 

Warner,  Frederick  R 55,  72 

Warrell,  Robert 651 

Warren,  Colonel 530 

Warren,  Gouverneur  K. .  .  .  274,  298,  305, 

317,  319-20,  323,  325,  330-1,  333-5,  339, 
341-3,  346-7 

Warren,  James 664 

Warren,  S.  P 588 

Warrenton,  Va 145-54 

WASHINGTON,  D.  C.,  visited  in   1861, 

32-5  ;  revisited  in  1881 612-3 

\Vatson,  Samuel  S 96 

Webb,  Alexander  S 274,  279-84,  661 

\Vebber,  George  W 533 


Webster,  Aimer  P 560,  563-4 

Webster,  Fletcher 176 

Weed,  Alexander 51 7-8 

Weed,  Thurlow 588 

Wehrum,  Charles  C 329 

Wentworth,  Obed  F 580 

Wernig,  Charles  W 515 

West,  Isaac  H 610-1 

WEST    ALBANY    CAMPAIGN,  in 

1 877 590,  600 

WTetmore,  R.  C 8 

Wetmore,  W.  Boerum 610-1 

Wheaton,  George  H 69 

Wheelock,  Charles 241,  271,  346 

Whipple,  William  D 44 

Whistler,  Garland  W 624 

White,  Surgeon 538 

Whitlock,  B.  M 16 

Whitney,  Lawrence  M 287,  350 

Wickham,  Joseph   D 29,  80 

Wickham,  William  H 587 

Wieners,  Godfrey  A.  S 660,  663 

Wier,  Robert 664 

Wilcox,  Cadmus  M 280 

\Vilcox,  John  H. . .  506,  508,  510-2,  516-7, 
520,  534,  570,  638,  650 

Wilder,  John  A 627 

Willcocks,  Washington 651 

Willcox,  Orlando  B.  .  .  193,  197,  215,  -.  26, 
332,  523,  619-20 

Williams,  Alpheus  S...7I,  in,  113,  155, 

187 

Williams,  G.  Forrester 517 

Williams,  Professor 673 

Williams,  Robert 64 

Williams,  Theodore  C 697 

Williamson,  Henry  ¥..55,  242,  287,  299, 
3'3.  350.  577-  66 1 

Willis,  Edward 346 

Wilson,  Henry 44,  582 

Wilson,  James  H 322-3 

Wilson,  William 90 

Wingate,  George  WT 577,  584 

WISCONSIN  TROOPS— 

Infantry— 3</.    67,  ill 

Witthaus,  G.  Henry.. 6 10- 1,  617.  624,631, 

645,  651,  670 
Wofford,  William  T 196 


INDEX. 


Wolff,  David 537 

Wood,  Charles  W 189 

Wood,  Doctor 562 

Wood,  Fernando 17 

Wood,  John  H 572,  576,  598 

Wood  ford,  Stewart  L 663 

Woodruff,  George  A 279,  283 

Woodward,  John  B 523,  533,  560,  605 

Woodward,  Lieut. -Commander 545 

Wool,  John  K 80 

Wright,  — 283 

Wright.  C.  Irvine 626 


Wright,  Horatio  G 323,  332,  339 

Wyatt,  Samuel 549-50,  552-3 

Wylie,  Daniel  D 592,  605,  620-1 

Wyndham,  Percy 170 

Yates,  Charles 8 

Young,  James 29 

Young,  Joseph  B 353 

Young,  Nelson  W 561 

Young,  Robert  B 507 

Zalinskie,  Edmund  L 624 


EBBATA. 

Page    21,  line  22,  for  witht  all,  read  with  all. 
"        21,    "     24,  for  falaey,  read  fallacy. 
"        72,    "       3,  for  Green,  read  Greene. 

"  151,    "     27,  for  Norduist,  read  Nordquist. 

"  159,     "     37,  for  while  one  side,  read  each  of  them. 

"  161,     "     10,  for  managed,  read  managed  to. 

"  196,     "       2,  for  shapiiel,  read  shrapnel. 

"  215,    "       2,  for  Pleasanton,  read  Pleasonton. 

"  225,    "     16,  for  maiming,  read  maining. 

"  234,     "     16,  for  2nd,  read  22nd. 

"  248,    "       7,  for  While  with  Lee,  read  While  Lee,  with. 

"  252,    "     29,  for  Thorp,  read  Thorpe. 

"  289,    "     18,  for  good  deal,  read  great  deal. 

"  360,    "       3,  for  Henry  L.,  read  Henry  H. 

"  424,    "     13,  for  Clacknen,  read  Clackner. 

"  424,    "     14,  for  Connelly,  read  Connolly. 

"  516,    "     43,  for  as  provided,  read  was  provided. 

"  532,  Chapter  24,  for  XXVI.,  read  XXIV. 

"  702,  line  31,  for  marshall,  read  marshaled. 


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